TW200917761A - Method and system for implementing low duty cycle wirless systems - Google Patents

Abstract

A remote monitoring system includes a monitor and multiple sensors configured to collect sensor data and to send at least a portion of the sensor data and an alarm to the monitor over a wireless communications link. Each sensor receives reservation information from the monitor in a beacon frame or a control frame of a broadcast signaling window in a super-frame. The reservation information identifies data allocation slots of the super-frame for sending sensor data to the monitor, alarm slots of the super-frame for sending the alarm to the monitor in response to an alarm trigger, and a duty cycle schedule. Each sensor periodically awakens from an inactive state according to the duty cycle schedule to send the sensor data to the monitor. Each sensor also awakens in response to the alarm trigger, regardless of the duty cycle schedule, to send the alarm indication to the monitor.

Description

200917761 IX. INSTRUCTIONS: [Prior Art] Recently, wireless systems have been increasingly focused on various monitoring, automation, and control applications. Typically, such systems are comprised of nodes or sensors and one or more monitoring units, and the nodes or sensors are associated with the one or more supervisors

Viewcell wireless communication. For example, in the medical field, wireless monitoring of patients can include a series of sensors attached to the patient through a wireless local area network (WLAN), a wireless personal area network (WPAN), and a wireless human area network (WBAN). Or similar (eg, IEEE 8〇211 Network (Wi_Fi), WiMedia Ultra Wideband (UWB) network, or IEEE 8〇2 15 4 Network (ZigBee)) transmits and receives signals from a centralized monitoring device. The signals include data collected by the sensor and control signals provided by the monitoring device. One car case is the sensor belt of the National Defense Advanced Research Project Bureau (〇八尺1>/〇 in the DARpA Strategy and Technology Bureau Sensing State Belt Sponsor Information Booklet BAA07-44 (August 13, 2007)) Surveillance system. Often, the sensor of the wireless monitoring network has a very low cycle time and limits power availability and/or lifetime. Therefore, it is desirable to maximize the consumption without compromising the effectiveness of the monitoring. The wireless monitoring network body and the medium access control (MAC) layer are usually used to reduce, "consumption. For example, rabbit τ$, force is a horse to reduce power consumption" sensor can be temporarily powered off, Ingenious interval,; people, or entering a non-active state or "sleeping, saving energy, gauze a A, • fruit) and then turning on the power again to enable communication ("bump,, or Into your m丄, Dan S star π, in the state or "wake mode"). However, when the report and the order (the Li + Xibian dispute triggers the police w, but to be sent wirelessly to the monitoring unit and / or from the monitoring list _ early no 133667.doc 200917761 line transmission), such systems increase Response delay. All of them need to have a wireless communication protocol that does not meet the low-activity time-cycle monitoring system for landing/Γ, 臓8G2, 11 and WiMediam are fixed for high-output applications and are too complicated to be low in Jingshen. The cost sensor node 2 deletes the 802, 15.4 agreement, but it does not provide critical applications (for example: see); "The reliability and service quality is called and not enough energy: [invention content] = one of the contents Providing a method for performing a low-acting time view system, the method comprising: receiving a reservation information from a master device via a selective channel of the wireless network; and based on at least one allocated data slot of the other: hyperframe It is used to transfer the credit to the master device on Tuesday; based on the reservation, the special message is sent to the alarm window to respond to the wide-alarm trigger event, and an alarm is transmitted to the signal window including the At least - an alarm slot of the hyperframe; and based on the ;;! message identifying a predetermined data transmission time period during which the data is transmitted to the deductive room mm ^ ζ, 15 device predetermined time In the - The allocated data slot is transmitted to the master device via the wireless mussel material. The data enters the -sleep mode when the data is used. 4 No transmission during the pre-interval period can be triggered in response to the alarm triggering the right pseudo-# & different - The time is in the alarm ==: the data transmission time _ the person can play the alarm in the sleep mode. In addition, the incoming power is off - used to pass the wireless network, 33667.d〇c 200917761 The beaker and/or the alarms are transmitted to the transceiver of the master device. The method may further include resending the delta alarm when one of the alarms is not received from the master device. Receiving, by the alert, a request from the master device for additional information related to the f report. The additional information may be included in at least one response slot identified in the frame including the request for additional information. The frame is transmitted to the main control device, and the frame including the request for the extra poor message may be a beacon frame or a request frame included in a broadcast signal window. Further including sharing the police The signalling window implements a contention-based access protocol to access the alert signaling window. For example, the contention-based access protocol may be a carrier sense multi-directional proximity (CSMA) protocol, -Al〇ha agreement or a slot type AL〇HA agreement. kj The reservation information may be included in the broadcast signal window of the hyperframe, wherein the broadcast signal window may include at least one slot of the hyperframe. Or 'the subscription information T is included in the hyperframe<one letter# frame, wherein the beacon frame includes at least a slot of the hyperframe. Further, based on the transmission from the master device The beacon frame discovers the wireless network. In another aspect of the present teachings, a low-activity time-cycle wireless device provides data to a monitor via a wireless network. The wireless device includes a processor for controlling the wireless device to collect the data to communicate the monitor communication, a memory for storing the collected data, and a transceiver. The transceiver is configured to receive subscription information from the monitor in at least one reservation slot in at least one reservation slot, and at least the portion of the collected data in the at least-data allocation slot Transmission 133667.doc 200917761 is sent to the monitor, and an alarm is transmitted to the monitor in one of the alarm signal windows of the hyperframe. Based on the reservation information, the at least information: the distribution slot and the slot of the alarm signaling window are identified. The transceiver wakes up from the inactive state to transmit at least a portion of the collected data in accordance with the transmission schedule provided in the subscription. Regardless of the transmission schedule, the transceiver also wakes up from the inactive state to transmit the alarm in response to an alarm trigger provided by the processor.

The 收发hai transceiver state can be awakened from the sleep state by power on. The "to yg slot" can be the & superframe - the beacon frame or the broadcast signal window including the plurality of consecutive slots of the hyperframe. The alarm is not received from the monitor - the response The transceiver H can retransmit the alarm. In addition, the transceiver can receive the _ from the monitor in the subsequent beacon frame of the hyperframe in response to the alarm, for additional information related to the alarm. The transceiver can transmit the additional information provided by the processor to the monitor in at least one response slot identified by the hyperframe in the subsequent beacon frame. In another aspect, a remote monitoring system includes at least one monitor coupled to a wireless communication link; and a plurality of sensors configured to collect sensor data and transmit the same The wireless communication link transmits at least a portion of the sensed state and an alarm to the at least one monitor. Each sensor is in a beacon frame or a broadcast signal window of a hyperframe One of the frames sent is received from the at least one monitor The subscription information identifies: at least one data distribution for transmitting the at least one portion of the sensor data to the super-frame of the monitor 133667.doc 10 200917761 slot; in response to the corresponding alarm trigger And the alarm _ the super-frame of the monitor is not transmitted to the local _ ψ. 4α μ ^ η schedule. Each sensor is based on the s-action time. f is periodically cycled from the in-state state to wake up the sensor data to be small - not the monitor. Regardless of the effect, the x part is transmitted to the hire % schedule, each should be in the alarm Triggering and transmitting back from the non-m to the monitor. The medium is also awakened to indicate that the alert indication may be based on at least one of the remaining sensor powers of the collected sensor remaining When the wireless channel is used, the second device includes the coexistence time slot of the hyperframe from the first monitoring and monitoring duration 1. The subtraction 2: based on the corresponding beacon The first monitor or the second: In the detailed description of the embodiments, the exemplary embodiments of the present invention are set forth to provide a complete understanding of the specific embodiments in accordance with the present teachings. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art from this disclosure that other specific embodiments that depart from the specific details disclosed herein are still within the scope of the appended claims. Descriptions of well-known devices and methods are provided to avoid the description of the exemplary embodiments. Such methods and apparatus are clearly within the scope of the present teachings. In various embodiments, in order to reduce power consumption and ensure reliability 133667.doc 200917761, the monitoring may include, for example, periodically receiving f and/or asynchronous alarms from multiple sensors via Wlan, wpan or wbaN. The alarms may be triggered by certain predetermined events, such as when the measured parameter exceeds a specified value or the available power drops below a predetermined threshold. The monitoring can further include an asynchronous request/response data exchange that causes the monitoring unit to make a (four) request for the data to sense n. The Supervisor (4) system uses 7 to effectively transfer all complex operations to the monitoring unit's mac agreement. The MAC protocol is relatively simple, reliable, fault tolerant, and energy efficient in accordance with various embodiments. Energy efficiency is especially important' because the energy consumed during wireless communication may have the largest portion of the total energy consumed by the sensor that is limited by the power supply. The mac protocol provides a master-slave configuration between the monitor and the sensor, respectively. More specifically, the MAC protocol includes reservation-based channel access controlled by the master control and supports periodic data transmission, asynchronous alarms, and request/response applications through a decisive payment window. There may be multiple monitors'. In this case, the MAC protocol supports seamless handover between various monitors, enabling coexistence with other systems sharing the spectrum. 1 is a functional block diagram of one embodiment of a monitoring communication system 100. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the various functions and components shown in the old form can be implemented using a software control microprocessor, hardwired logic circuitry, or a combination thereof. Further, although functional blocks are illustrated as separate in the context of the description, they may be combined in various ways in any physical implementation. The monitoring communication system 100 includes a monitor 110 (main control) and a plurality of sensing 133667.doc 200917761 devices 120, 130 (slave), and the sensors 12 〇, 13 〇 pass through the wireless network or the communication key 140 The shared channel communicates with the monitor 11〇. The wireless communication link 140 can be, for example, a wlan, WPAN, or WBAN, and can operate in any suitable frequency range, including an unlicensed industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band, such as 2.4 used by Bluetooth (JHz). Frequency band. Although only one monitor 110 and two sensors 120, 13A are described, it should be understood that various implementations may include multiple monitoring units and many sensors, each of which may be configured Used to communicate with one or more monitoring units. The sensors 120, 13A can include substantially identical components for collecting, processing, and/or storing various electronic materials. Example #, the sensor 12 includes an antenna system The transceiver 122, the transceiver 124, the microprocessor 126, and the memory 1 28 transceiver 122 include a receiver 123 and a transmitter 125, and are provided to the sensor 120 for use with other wireless devices in the wireless communication network. (e.g., monitoring the functionality of the communication.) The processor 126 is configured to perform - or multiple abilities in conjunction with the memory 128. Benefits (4), providing the sensor 12° (4) 126 including itself Memory (for example, non发 έ έ ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) The memory location specified in volume 128 is in a particular embodiment, a system that is directed to sensor 12. "It includes a certain direction of the antenna to be in a plurality of directions with the other":: Selecting heat with one antenna beam The ability of the green device to communicate. For example, the antenna system 133667.doc 200917761 system 122 may include multiple antennas, each antenna corresponding to an antenna beam, or the antenna system 1 22 may include a steerable antenna that may combine multiple different antenna elements To form a beam in different directions. Alternatively, the antenna system I 2 2 can be a non-directional or omnidirectional antenna system. The monitor 1 10 is also a processing device that wirelessly communicates, and receives, processes, and stores electronic data. In addition, the monitor n〇 remotely controls the various functions of the sensors 1 20, 1 30, which are discussed below.

II 〇 includes an antenna system 112, a transceiver 114, a microprocessor 116, and a memory 118. The transceiver 114 includes a receiver 113 and a transmitter 115, and is provided for the monitor 110 to communicate with other wireless devices (eg, the sensor 12) 〇, 13〇) The functionality of communication. Processor 1 16 is configured to perform one or more software algorithms in conjunction with memory port 18 to provide the functionality of the monitor. Advantageously, processor 116 may include its own memory (e.g., non-volatile memory) for storing executable software code that allows it to perform various functions of monitor 110. Alternatively, the executable code can be stored at a memory location specified in memory 118. As described above for sensor 120, the antenna system of the monitor 11 can include a directional antenna system that is provided for the monitor 11A to select from multiple antenna beams to be in multiple directions. Other wireless devices are: Force. For example, 'antenna system U2 may include multiple antennas, 纟 antenna pair: - antenna beam, or antenna system 112 may include a steerable antenna': it may combine multiple different antenna elements to form a war/port beam in different directions . Alternatively, the 'antenna system 112 can be a non-directional or omnidirectional antenna system 133667.doc • 14- 200917761. In one embodiment, the implementation is between the monitor 110 and the sensors 120, 130 via the wireless communication link 140. The MAC protocol of this embodiment of communication is based on a time division multi-directional proximity (TDMA) scheme and avoids collisions, minimizes idle listening, and minimizes overhearing, thereby improving energy efficiency and reliability. As mentioned above, the network architecture is master-slave, with monitor Π0 operating as the master and sensors 120, 130 operating as slaves. Each sensor (slave) 120, 130 is associated with a monitor (main control) 11 ' monitor 1 1 〇 controls access to the wireless communication link 140 and grants a transmission opportunity. Therefore, when the sensors 120, 130 do not send or receive data, respectively, the effective ultra-low power operation of the sensors 1 20, 1 30 is achieved by turning off at least the transceiver 124 in each of the sensors 120, 130 (going to sleep) mode). In addition, by concentrating processing and control in the monitor, the power consumption and physical properties of the sensors 12, 130, such as size, weight, stiffness, and the like, can be reduced. For example, in a particular embodiment, the sensors 120, 130 can be attached to a flexible sensor patch in a medical setting. This type of sensor patch can be monitored. And storing information detected from the patient, including signs of life such as temperature, respiration rate, heart rate, blood oxygen level, pulse waveform, and the like. In addition, multiple 4 detectors in a single column can be shared A single transceiver test ^ a... text 7 in this case the network can be formed by multiple patches 'each patch includes multiple sensors and - single ... This, each patch can be relative to the MAC layer agreement Used as a two-port fixed point. a tendon is used as early-sensing sensor section sensor i20, 130 then transmits data to monitoring at intervals or in response to various alarms 133667.doc 200917761 and asynchronous requests "〇, as described below. = device m can be any type of device configured to receive, process, store and/or display this betel. For example, the monitor ιι〇 can be used by medical personnel. Hand-held mobile device, centralized computer or server (eg in a nurse) In the station) or the like. Over the contents of this teaching ... people π long-time monitoring, implementation plan. Other illustrative specific embodiments may include collecting environmental days

Gas-related data (such as temperature, humidity, and atmospheric pressure), collection of manufacturing materials in the environment, or collection of resident data in a building's safe environment, such as movement and sound detection. 2 is a block diagram depicting the structure of a hyperframe structure 200 of an illustrative mac protocol in accordance with an embodiment. According to the MAC protocol, the monitor sends a periodic beacon frame, such as a beacon frame 2, which is configured to implement network communication (eg, network discovery, network identification, node identification, wide area network synchronization, and Similar information). As shown in the illustrative embodiment of Fig. 2, the hyperframe 2θθ is divided into ΐθθ slots of 6 milliseconds each such that a hyperframe 200 is 600 milliseconds. The beacon frames 21〇, 27〇 occupy the first time slot (e.g., slot 0) in the continuous hyperframe 2〇〇. (The rest of the frame of the hyperframe that is incorporated into the beacon frame 27 is not shown.) The specific duration of the frame 2 and the number and duration of time slots in the frame 200 are cyclically related to the action time. Power consumption and QoS need to be relevant. Thus, the values shown in Figure 2 are merely examples, which may vary to optimize various configurations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present teachings. The hyperframe 200 includes a time slot reserved as a signaling window during which the monitor 1 10 and/or the sensors 120, 130 can access the media (eg, a wireless communication chain) during the time slot period 133667.doc -16 - 200917761 Road 140). Three types of signaling window systems are defined at fixed time slots, which help to simplify the design of the sensors 120, 130. The monitor 11 uses a broadcast signal window (BSW) 221 to transmit a broadcast frame with control and reservation information to the sensors 120, 130. For example, the monitor 11A can provide slot assignments for the sensors 1 20, 130 in the BSW 22 1 . The monitor u 指示 can indicate an upcoming broadcast frame to be transmitted in the BSW 22 1 in the beacon frame 2 1 0 of the frame 200. In the illustrative hyperframe 2, the BSW 221 occupies four slots, slots 1 through 4, immediately following the beacon frame 2, although the size and position of the BSW 221 can vary. The hyperframe 200 includes an alarm signaling window (ASW) 253 that occupies, for example, four slots (e.g., slots 92 through 95) located near the end of the hyperframe 200. The sensors 120, 130 use the ASW 253 to communicate with the monitor 110, such as to send an alert and transmit an associated request frame. In the particular embodiment described, 'ASW 253 is shared by sensors 12A, 13A, and sensors 120, 130 may employ contention-based access protocols, such as carrier sensing with random backoff. Multi-directional proximity (CSMA), AL〇HA or trough AL〇HA is a contention-based agreement for access to the shared channel during ASW 253. Therefore, the sensors 120, 13 can verify that other traffic does not exist before transmission. In a specific embodiment, the BSW (2) may not be used, in which case the slot of the BSW 221 (eg, slots 1 to 4 immediately following the beacon frame 2 in the frame 2) may be sASW 223. In addition to or in lieu of asw 253, Asw 223 can be used to provide the same type of communication as discussed above for sg 253 133667.doc 17 200917761. When multiple AS Ws 223, 253 are available, different sensors can use different ASWs 223, 253 to avoid sharing the same slot. The hyperframe 200 also includes a co-existing signaling window (CSW) 260 that is comprised of, for example, the last four slots of the hyperframe 200 (e.g., slots 96 to 9 9). c S W 2 6 0 enables coexistence of multiple adjacent master devices (e.g., monitor 1 10) operating in the same wireless channel. An additional monitor (not depicted) uses slots in the CSW 260 to connect the network and synchronize its individual hyperframes with hyperframes (e.g., hyperframe 200) of existing monitors (e.g., monitor 110). The size or number of slots in the CSW 260 determines the maximum number of monitors operating in the same wireless channel. For example, the csw 26 of the hyperframe 200 depicted in Figure 2 includes four slots and thus implements up to four additional simultaneous monitor operations that function simultaneously. The merged monitor uses its individual slots in the CSW 260 to transmit its corresponding beacon frame. The size of the CSW 260 is also a system parameter that can be adjusted based on the capabilities of the wireless channel and the needs of the application. The remaining slots of the superframe 200 are used for data communication between the sensors 12A, 13A and the monitor ιι. The access to these slots is controlled by the monitor

Each of its corresponding slaves

The MAC protocol supports sensor 丨2〇, data transmission. For example, during normal pass 133667.doc 200917761 ^ (for example, no alarm is triggered during this process), data is only transmitted periodically (for example every five seconds). The sensor will be alerted when it is initially associated with the monitor 11〇, within the reserved ASW (ASW 223 and/or ASW 253). The hole core and the associated request frame are sent to the monitor] 1〇. Monitor no responds to the successful receipt of the alert in the next beacon frame (e.g., 'beacon frame 270'). When it is desired to (4) additional sensor data in conjunction with the alert message, the monitor 110 can use the asynchronous request/response feature described below. Because of A, even if you press

The slower rate (e.g., 'every five minutes') conventional transmission of data also delivers alerts from the sensors 120, 130 to the monitor 110 for a delay of, for example, less than one second. In a specific embodiment, the asynchronous request/response feature of the MAC protocol enables the monitor 11() by instructing the request in the beacon frame 210, 270 to _ any day guardian. The request also identifies the individual sensors 120, 13 that are intended to be used to send the response back to the slot of the monitor. For example, the request in beacon frame 210 can identify the response allocation 24 (e.g., slots % to 91) as the portion of the hyperframe 200 that is intended to contain information from the response sensors 120, 130. 3 is a flow diagram of a process for initializing a network and receiving an association request from a sensor device, in accordance with an embodiment. The master device (e.g., monitor 110) is responsible for network initialization, as well as access control and authentication for phases 120, 130). Corresponding to the slave device (for example, the sensor is "continuously initialized, the monitor 11 scorns the available channel of the frequency band used for scanning the communication link i 40 (step S3 10), and determines whether other monitors operate on the channels) (Step S312). When there are other monitors (step S312: YES), the monitor ιι〇 cooperates with other monitors of 133667.doc •19· 200917761 to monitor the multiple operations of the fall operation ^), in the same channel You can use the csw 26〇 structure and the f 33⁄4 9 f Μ to construct and implement the (four) slot wisdom. Bean #龄湖哭·>City is now benefiting 110 to get /, he ""Slot reservation and design is not heavy" multiple supervisors #哭夕 - specific examples, 目 @ Λ w mother - one responsible for the same channel In the middle of the operation, his age vision device coordinates communication. The latter, + the monitor that has been running in his dish, the monitor continues to avoid the channel (two = the embodiment of the 'MAC agreement support sensor in the two supervisors = it: the seam parent. For example, a first monitor ( For example, the monitor ".): If the sensor set 120, 130 switches to the new monitor frame 210, 270 and/or Bsw, the broadcast Ms L and the secondary BSW 221 transmit commands. The sensor 丨 20, wo Therefore, only by starting to supervise... The water eye ah - the benefit of the target to adjust its operation # 彳Μ must occupy the super-frame structure 2 c csw 26 〇 柙:: This 'MAC agreement implementation The coexistence of multiple monitors does not add extra complexity to the sensing port. Ο : In step (4), the monitor 110 selects an operating channel, and various networks „„ 其他 其他 其他 其他 其他 其他 其他 其他 其他Under the condition, the available slot of the CSW 26G is used to start the beacon frame 21 (step S3 18). In the search step (4), the monitor 11 is required for the sensor based on the beacon frame 21: (eg, sensor, _receive an association; - the dish is considered to be a U〇 verification association request (step S322). The monitor 110 determines a request When the sensor is not part of its group or should otherwise be prevented from communicating with the monitor 110 (step S322 · • No), the monitor m continues to send the message 133667.doc -20- 200917761 the message box 210, For example, the direct-request sensor is a complex group," when the second monitor 110 determines "〇 confirms... (step S322: YES), the monitor 1 实-real side sensor and starts from 120, 13〇k夂感 。 且 且 且 且 且 且 且 感 感 感 感 感 感 感 感 感 感 感 感 感 感 感 感 感 感 感 感 感 感 感 感 感 感 感 感 感 感 感 感 感 感 感 感 感 感 感 感 感 感 感To save energy. During the process, the monitor " continues to be directed to the alarm letter ==, 13° (step (10)). As long as the (4) S32 is not connected, the data (step S324) and the monitoring alarm signal (step) program continue until In step S328, it is determined that the communication session is completed (step S328·Yes). When an alarm signal is received (step S326: YES), the process proceeds to FIG. 4, which is based on a program for receiving an alarm signal according to the specific embodiment. Flow = map. Receive an alarm identification item in step S4l, which identifies the alarm For example, the alarm identification may indicate that the sensor that transmitted the alarm (eg, sensor 12Q) has dangerously low battery power, or that the parameter that sensor 120 is monitoring (eg, temperature or blood pressure) has exceeded a predetermined threshold. The monitor 11 transmits a response of the alarm in step S412. In step S414, the monitor 11 determines whether it needs additional information related to the condition of the alarm. For example, the monitor can request the actual value of the blood pressure or the previous value. Blood pressure readings within two minutes. When additional information is required (step S414: YES), the monitor u can make an asynchronous request and transmit it to the sensor 12, for example, using the beacon frame 210 (step S41 6). The non-synchronization can be made and transmitted automatically or through the intervention of the user interface. 133667.doc 21 200917761. In step S418, the monitor 110 uses the response assignment 24〇 to receive the request information associated with the alert, and the slot in response to the assignment 240 can be identified in the beacon frame 21, as previously described. After receiving the required information in step 8418, or not requesting additional information related to the alarm (step S414: NO), the program returns to step S 3 2 8 of FIG. The program continues until the end of the session. Figure 5 is a flow diagram of a process for providing data to a monitoring device in accordance with an embodiment. Initially, slave devices (eg, sensor 12〇) scan for communication

Various channels of the RF band used in the system 1 and listening to the beacon frame

Step S51 ()) to locate its corresponding master device. In step S5i2, the sensor i2Q receives a beacon frame (for example, a beacon frame 21A). Based on the received beacon frame 21, the sensor 120 selects the channel associated with the master device (eg, the monitor 110) in step S514, and in the steps of, for example, 5 and the monitor 11 Timing synchronization. In step S516, the sensor 12 transmits the association request frame to the monitor 1 in the Asw & and/or _ 2 slot, and waits for the subsequent k frame in the step (for example) One of the beacons 270) is associated with the response. When the association response is not received (step S5l8: NO), the program returns to the step 〇 so that the sensor 12 〇 continues to scan for available channels. In an embodiment, returning to step S51, sensor 12 can perform a pre-numbered attempt to obtain an associated response. Receiving the association response (step S5i8: is a _, and the initial success and the normal operation start. In step S52, the subtraction (4) & 1110 is in the beacon frame (for example, _box 210) and/or the broadcast frame. (For example, 221) 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 。 And the duration (for example, the number of slots or six slots assigned per reservation). In step S522, the sensor 12A also recognizes the timing at which the sensor data is transmitted to the monitor 11G. Further, sensing The device can receive additional timing information on which the received beacon frame is received, although the same timing information can be applied to transmit the sensing H data and receive the beacon frame. The timing information can also be included in the reservation provided by the monitor 110. In the information, for example, the appointment information may include a recognition-repetition cycle including the hyperframe interval at which the sensor data should be used. For example, the timing information may require the sensor 120 to have every 500 hyperframes ( It is equivalent to transmitting every five minutes) The sensor data assumes that the length of the hyperframe is 600 milliseconds, as illustrated by the illustrative hyperframe structure 200 of Figure 2. By this information, the sensor 12 knows when it must send data to the monitor 11 Oh, and therefore it is possible to optimize its power saving operation by remaining in the sleep mode before the next transmission time. In step S524, the sensor 120 turns off its transceiver 丨24 (before or after the initial transmission of the data) and goes to sleep. The mode saves power. Even when in the sleep mode, the sensor 120 monitors data related to various alarms (step S526) and tracks the timing (step S528). When the alarm is not triggered (step μ%: no), the sense The detector 120 waits for the next transmission period (step S528: YES). In step S530, the sensor 12 awakes at the pre-row time by, for example, turning on its transceiver 124, and sends the sensor data to The monitor 1201. The sensor 120 can also receive data from the monitor while in its awake mode. In step S532, the sensor 120 can determine that it must respond, for example, from the monitor 1 10 Non- The step request is retransmitted the transmitted sensing 133667.doc -23- 200917761 device data (step S532: YES). When no retransmission is required (step S532: NO), the sensor 120 does not complete the communication session (step S538) : No), returning to the sleep mode (step S524). The sensor 12 〇 continues to wake up from the sleep mode, and periodically transmits its sense data until the end of the session (step ^ 3 : YES). When the sensing data is obtained (step S526: YES), the sensor 120 issues an alarm with a pseudo number and provides related information to the monitor 110 according to the request according to FIG. 6. FIG. 6 is an alarm signal according to an embodiment. Flow chart of the order of rights. Since the occurrence of the alarm is unlikely to occur with the predetermined wake-up schedule, the sensor 1 20 must first wake up from the sleep mode in response to the alarm trigger (step S608) to communicate via the communication link 14 step "Μ, sensing The transmitter 120 transmits an alarm identification item to the monitor 丨 10 in the ASW 223 and/or the ASW 253 and determines whether a reception response is received (step %12). The sensor 12 〇 can remain in the active state until ( For example, a response is received in the next beacon frame 21〇. Alternatively, the sensor 12〇 can re-enter the inactive state until the time of the next beacon frame 2 is reached. For example, if it is located at the current super The alarm identification is transmitted to the monitor in the asw 253 near the end of the frame 2〇〇, and the monitor is programmed to respond to the next continuous beacon frame by the program 5 For a relatively short period of time, the sensor 12A can remain awake until it receives a response. If the alarm is transmitted to the monitor in the Asw 223 located near the beginning of the current frame 2 11〇, "Monitoring The program is designed to respond in a later beacon frame 211, and the sensor 120 can re-enter the sleep mode before the expected response time to save energy 133667.doc •24- 200917761 amount 'in anticipation The response time sensor 12 唤醒 wakes up again. When there is no response (S612: NO), the sensor 12 传送 transmits the alarm identification item again, for example, in the next Asw 223 and/or ASW 253 until a response is received (S612: Yes) As described above, the contention-and-memory-based protocol for accessing the ASW 223, the automatic retransmission, implements reliable and timely delivery of alerts to the monitor 110. The detector 120 further 'the sensor 120 determines whether the monitor H〇 has additional information (step S614) as previously described.

An asynchronous request from the viewer 11 can be owed at the center of the subsequent beacon frame 210. As described above for the response, the sensor 12A can remain awake until the next beacon 2H) ascertains whether the monitor m requests additional information, or it can

Re-enter sleep mode and re-awake in time when the next beacon 2 i 〇 (for example) according to A § W 223 or ASW 253 (4) or the predetermined timing of the response to find out whether the monitor (1) requests additional information. #求超信息 (Step %14: YES), the sensor 12 collects (if necessary) the request information and sends a request for the response in the response, for example, identified in the beacon frame 210, # The tag box 210 includes an asynchronous request. After the request information is transmitted in step S6i6, or when additional information related to the alarm is not requested (step MM·· No), the sequence returns to step S526 of Fig. 5 . The sensor i2 then continues to periodically transmit data and monitor the alarm trigger until the end of the session (step S538: YES). The MAC protocol in accordance with various embodiments avoids collisions, idle monitoring, and crosstalk, and achieves ultra-low-period time of slave devices (e.g., sensors 12, 13), thereby conserving energy. The scheduling algorithm maximizes the channel so that 133667.doc -25- 200917761 is used to provide the required Q〇S for the application while minimizing power usage. The sensors 120, 130 wake up to receive beacons and/or requests as needed, transmit data at pre-scheduled times, and send alerts in the reserved ASWs 123, 153. At all other times, each sensor 120, 13 turns its transceiver 124 off to enter a sleep mode. The estimated time period for the sensors 120, 130 operating in accordance with the specific embodiment of the MAC protocol described above is about one percent. While the preferred embodiment is disclosed herein, many variations are possible, which are still within the concept and scope of the present teachings. After reading the description of this document f, the schema and the scope of the patent application, those skilled in the art will understand that such sut is not limited by the invention, but must be within the spirit and scope of the patent scope. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a communication system according to a specific embodiment, which is preceded by a device and a plurality of sensor devices. One of the singular & 八 eight body Λ examples for the super-frame structure in the network

The block diagram of U. Figure 3 is a flow diagram of a procedure for initializing a network and receiving an association request from a sensor device in accordance with a specific wire. Fig. 4 is a flow chart showing the sequence of receiving an alarm from a sensor device according to one and giving 杳|μ, ', 12 cases. Figure 5 is a flow diagram of a program that is associated with a monitor device and that supplies the resource k to the & viewer device in accordance with a sequence of silence, ,, . Fig. 6 is a flow chart showing a procedure for providing an alarm to a monitor device based on a body sound, and a physical example. 133667.doc -26- 200917761 [Main component symbol description]

100 Monitoring Communication System 110 Monitor 112 Antenna System 113 Receiver 114 Transceiver 115 1 Transmitter 116 Microprocessor 118 Memory 120 ' 130 Sensor 122 Antenna System 123 Receiver 124 Transceiver 125 Transmitter 126 Microprocessor 128 Memory 140 Wireless network/communication link 200 Hyperframe structure 210 '270 Beacon frame 221 Broadcast signal window 223 ·}►#· ,心》, - w -—λ-» 詈稂赞溉菌230 Sensor slot assignment 240 response assignment 253 alarm signaling window 133667.doc -27-

Claims (1)

200917761 X. Application for patent scope _· 1. - A method for performing low-level processing: the monitoring system of the circumstance, the package is transmitted through the wireless network - ^ information, · 疋 channel receives from a master device The reservation is based on the appointment information identification - the hyperframe is used to periodically transfer the undergraduate to the master. The trough is identified based on the appointment information - the invitation triggers the - alert to the master: „Respond to-alert the super At least one alarm slot of the frame, "the alarm signaling window includes identifying, based on the subscription information, a predetermined plurality of transmission time periods during the predetermined plurality of data transmissions, to the master device; transmitting the data during the transmission time period The data is transmitted to the host through the wireless network during the predetermined plurality of time period slots;; entering sleep mode when the data is not transmitted during a predetermined plurality of time periods of sleep. T bei 1 2 3 4 5 6rt Η寺 enters a 133667.doc 1 · As in the method of claim 1, Gan + ^ χ ', in response to the alarm trigger, in the 盥哕 pre-2 疋 multiple data transmission time 隹4 The alarm is transmitted in the pre-No. 3 window.冋 - Time in the alarm sent 4 - item 2, go 'in which the person enters the sleep mode contains: Power off - used to pass the wireless: 5 Transmitted to the master device transceiver And the alarm 6 4. The method of claim 2, further comprising: · 200917761 = 攸 the master device receives the alert - the method of retransmitting the LV R, such as claim 4, in response to the method, further comprising: receiving a response from the master device in response to the 戎 alert associated with the alert a request for additional information; and ^ transmitting the additional information in at least the response slot, the at least-response slot system including the request for additional information is identified. The method of claim 5 includes the request for additional information containing a subsequently received beacon frame. The method of claim 2, further comprising: when sharing the alert signaling window, implementing a contention-based access protocol to access the alert signaling window. The method of claim 7 wherein the contention-based access protocol comprises at least one of a carrier sense multi-directional proximity (CSMA) protocol, an Al-Ha agreement, or a slot ALOHA protocol. The method of claim 1, wherein the reservation information is included in a frame sent in a broadcast signal window of the hyperframe, the broadcast signal window including at least one slot of the hyperframe. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the subscription information is included in a beacon frame of the hyperframe, the beacon frame including at least one slot of the hyperframe. 5. 6. The method of claim 10, wherein the wireless network is discovered based on the k-telephone frame transmitted from the master device. A low-time 133667.doc 200917761 time-based wireless device for providing data to a monitor over a wireless network, the wireless device comprising: - a processor for controlling the wireless device to collect the data And communicating with the monitor; and a memory for storing the collected data; and a transceiver for receiving an appointment from the monitor in at least one reservation slot of a hyperframe Information, at least one of the collected data in the distribution slot: at least part of the collected data is transmitted to the monitor, and an alarm is transmitted to the monitor in one of the alarm frames of the hyperframe The at least-data allocation slot and the slot of the alarm signaling window are identified based on the subscription information; wherein the transceiver wakes up from the inactive state to transmit according to one of the transmission schedules provided in the subscription information. The at least a portion of the collected data, and regardless of the transmission schedule, the transceiver wakes up from the inactive state in response to an alert trigger provided by the processor Songgaixinbao. 13. The device of claim 12, wherein the transceiver wakes up from sleep by powering on. 14. The device of claim 12, wherein the at least one reservation slot is a beacon frame of the hyperframe. 1 5 - The device of claim 12, for the 兮s. 衣1. The main reservation is a broadcast signal window containing a plurality of consecutive slots of the superframe. 16. The device of item 12, wherein the transceiver retransmits the alert when a response to the alert is not received from the monitor. 133667.doc 200917761 17. If the transceiver is in response to the alert, the transceiver receives a response from the monitor associated with the alert in a subsequent beacon frame of the frame. The request for additional information, and the medium-mounted transceiver thereof, transmit the additional information provided by the processor to the monitor in at least one response slot identified by the hyperframe in the subsequent beacon frame. 18. A remote monitoring system comprising: a monitoring device connected to a wireless communication link; and a plurality of sensors configured to collect sensor data and communicate at least a portion and a second report of the sensor data to at least one monitor through a wireless communication link. Each of the plurality of sensors receives a reservation from the at least one monitor in a beacon frame of the hyperframe, the subscription information identifying the superframe for the The at least one portion of the sensor data is transmitted to the at least one asset allocation slot of the monitor - the pair of the hyperframes - the corresponding alarm triggers at least one alarm in response to transmitting one of the alarms to the monitor a slot, and an active time cycle schedule; wherein each sensor wakes up from the active state periodically according to the active time cycle schedule to transmit the at least part of the sensor data to the monitor, and the knife In response, each sensor responds to send the alarm indication to the monitor from the inactive state regardless of the active time cycle schedule, such as the alarm trigger. 19. The remote monitoring system of claim 18, wherein the monitor device is further based on the one of the viewers based on the received monitor 133667.doc 200917761 Or the lack of remaining battery power of the corresponding sensor - to initiate the alarm trigger. 20. The remote monitoring system of claim 18, wherein when the at least one first monitor and a second monitor are included, the appointment identification is for including the super from the first monitor and the first beacon respectively The coexistence time slot of the frame, the plurality of sensing professionals corresponding to the beacon and associated with the δ Xuanyi monitor or the second monitor. 133667.doc