WO2012063857A1 - プラズマ発生装置及びプラズマ発生方法 - Google Patents
プラズマ発生装置及びプラズマ発生方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012063857A1 WO2012063857A1 PCT/JP2011/075820 JP2011075820W WO2012063857A1 WO 2012063857 A1 WO2012063857 A1 WO 2012063857A1 JP 2011075820 W JP2011075820 W JP 2011075820W WO 2012063857 A1 WO2012063857 A1 WO 2012063857A1
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- electrodes
- plasma
- electrode
- fluid
- fluid flow
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- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
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Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J19/12—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electromagnetic waves
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
- H05H1/24—Generating plasma
- H05H1/2406—Generating plasma using dielectric barrier discharges, i.e. with a dielectric interposed between the electrodes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/02—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using physical phenomena
- A61L2/14—Plasma, i.e. ionised gases
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
- A61L9/16—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using physical phenomena
- A61L9/22—Ionisation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2202/00—Aspects relating to methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects
- A61L2202/20—Targets to be treated
- A61L2202/23—Containers, e.g. vials, bottles, syringes, mail
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/12—Inflammable refrigerants
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D2317/00—Details or arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Details or arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F25D2317/04—Treating air flowing to refrigeration compartments
- F25D2317/041—Treating air flowing to refrigeration compartments by purification
- F25D2317/0415—Treating air flowing to refrigeration compartments by purification by deodorizing
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a plasma generating apparatus and a plasma generating method.
- Prior art for controlling air quality of living environment generally uses physical control as represented by a filter.
- Physical control can capture relatively large dust and dirt suspended in the air, bacteria and viruses depending on the size of the filter pores. Also, when there are innumerable adsorption sites like activated carbon, odorous odor molecules can also be captured.
- odorous odor molecules can also be captured.
- it is necessary to pass the air in the space to be controlled evenly through the filter the device becomes large, maintenance costs such as filter replacement also increase, and it is effective against deposits There is no Then, releasing chemically active species to a space where sterilization or deodorization is desired can be mentioned as a means for enabling sterilization or deodorization of attached matter.
- a so-called passive-type plasma generator that allows bacteria and viruses (hereinafter, suspended bacteria) or malodorous substances (hereinafter, odor) suspended in the air to react with active species within a limited volume of the device (for example, Patent Document 1)
- the active species generated in the plasma generation unit is released to a closed space (for example, a room, a toilet, the interior of a passenger car, etc.) having a larger volume than in (1).
- So-called active plasma generator which is made to react by collision with gas (for example, patent document 2)
- the advantage of the passive plasma generator of (1) is that a high bactericidal effect and a deodorizing effect are expected because a high concentration of active species is generated by generating plasma in a small volume.
- the apparatus since it is necessary to introduce floating bacteria and odor into the apparatus as a drawback, the apparatus becomes large in size, ozone is easily generated as a by-product from plasma generation, and ozone is not leaked out of the apparatus. Alternatively, it is necessary to separately install a filter to be disassembled.
- the advantage of the active plasma generator of (2) is that the device can be made relatively small, and in addition to sterilization of suspended bacteria and decomposition of odor in the air, bacteria attached to the surface of clothing and household goods And sterilization of attached bacteria) and decomposition of the odor adsorbed on the surface can also be expected.
- the disadvantage is that the concentration is lowered because the active species is diffused in a very large closed space compared to the volume of the device, so the effect of sterilization and deodorization can only be expected for active species with a long life. It is an impossible point. As a result, almost no deodorizing effect can be expected in a space where the odor concentration is high (a concentration about 10,000 times higher than the concentration of active species).
- the present invention is a technology that realizes both sterilization and deodorization of attached bacteria at the same time, a passive function of generating plasma and performing deodorization by active species, and releasing the active species from the outside of the device for adhesion.
- the main objective is to increase the amount of active species produced in order to simultaneously combine two active functions to kill bacteria.
- the plasma generating apparatus has a pair of electrodes, and when a predetermined voltage is applied between the electrodes to cause plasma discharge, fluid flow holes are provided at corresponding portions of the respective electrodes, and these penetrate It is characterized in that at least a part of the contours of the corresponding fluid through holes are in different positions when viewed from the direction of the face plate of the electrode.
- the corresponding location as referred to in the present specification means that the fluid flow holes formed in both electrodes are substantially at the same position when viewed from the face plate direction of the electrodes, and the z axis in the orthogonal coordinate system When looking at a pair of electrodes in the xy planar shape from the direction, it means that they are at substantially the same (x, y) coordinate position in both electrodes.
- the contact area between the fluid flowing through the fluid passage and the plasma can be increased as much as possible. it can.
- the generation amount of active species such as ions and radicals can be increased, and the function of deodorizing by the active species and the function of releasing the active species to the outside of the device to kill suspended bacteria and attached bacteria are sufficient.
- a spacer for forming a gap for plasma formation between the electrodes 21 and 22 is not necessary, but between the opposing surfaces. An air gap can be formed.
- the opening size of the fluid passage hole formed in one of the pair of electrodes is the same as that of the other electrode. It is desirable that the opening size of the formed fluid passage holes be 10 ⁇ m or more smaller. In addition, fluid through holes having the same opening size may be arranged such that their opening centers are offset.
- the respective fluid passage holes have a circular shape, and It is desirable that the fluid passage holes formed in the electrode and the fluid passage holes formed in the other electrode be arranged concentrically.
- the deodorizing function of the active species and the bactericidal function of suspended bacteria and attached bacteria can be increased.
- the total opening area of the fluid passage holes formed in each of the electrodes is Preferably, the total area of the electrodes is in the range of 2% to 90%.
- one electrode separately from the fluid passage hole It is desirable that a through hole be provided so that the opening on the opposite surface side of the through hole is closed by the other electrode. In this case, the fluid after passing through the fluid flow hole flows into the through hole and contacts the plasma, or the fluid before passing through the fluid flow hole flows into the through hole and contacts the plasma. Can be made more remarkable.
- the opening size of the through hole is smaller than the opening size of the fluid passage hole by 10 ⁇ m or more.
- the surface roughness of the dielectric film be 0.1 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less. In this case, even when the pair of electrodes is stacked without using a spacer, a space in which plasma is generated can be formed depending on the surface roughness.
- the flow velocity of the wind that passes the fluid flow holes by the air blowing mechanism be in the range of 0.1 m / s to 10 m / s.
- Another plasma generator according to the present invention for simultaneously achieving both sterilization and deodorization of attached bacteria comprises a pair of electrodes, and in which a predetermined voltage is applied between the electrodes to cause plasma discharge, each electrode A fluid passage hole is provided at a corresponding position of each of them so as to penetrate them, and a through hole is provided in one electrode separately from the fluid passage hole, and this through hole is opposed to the opposite surface by the other electrode It is characterized in that the side opening is closed.
- the fluid having passed through the fluid passage can be further brought into contact with the plasma through the through hole, or the fluid before passing through the fluid passage can be caused through the plasma through the through hole Can be contacted in advance.
- the generation amount of active species such as ions and radicals can be increased, and the function of deodorizing by the active species and the function of releasing the active species to the outside of the device to kill suspended bacteria and attached bacteria are sufficient.
- the voltage applied to each of the electrodes is formed into a pulse shape, and its peak value Is preferably in the range of 100 V to 5000 V, and the pulse width is preferably in the range of 0.1 ⁇ sec to 300 ⁇ sec.
- the protective cover has a metal mesh disposed outside the pair of electrodes, and the wire diameter of the metal mesh is 1.5 mm. It is desirable that the opening ratio of the metal mesh be 30% or more, within the following range.
- fluid flow holes are provided at corresponding portions of the respective electrodes so that they pass through, and from the face plate direction of the electrodes When viewed, at least a part of the contours of the corresponding fluid through holes are at different positions, and a predetermined voltage is applied between the electrodes to cause plasma discharge.
- the perspective view which shows one Embodiment of the plasma generator of this invention.
- the schematic diagram which shows the effect
- the top view which shows an electrode part.
- Sectional drawing which shows an electrode part and an explosion-proof mechanism.
- the expanded sectional view which shows the structure of the opposing surface of an electrode part.
- the partial enlarged plan view and sectional drawing which show a fluid communication hole and a through-hole typically.
- Plasma generator 21 One electrode 22: Other electrode 21a, 22a: Dielectric film 21b, 22b: Fluid flow hole 21c: Through hole 3: Air flow Mechanism 4 ... explosion-proof mechanism 41 ... protective cover 411 ... metal mesh
- the plasma generating apparatus 100 is used for home appliances such as, for example, a refrigerator, a washing machine, a clothes dryer, a vacuum cleaner, an air conditioner or an air cleaner, and the inside or the outside of the home appliance Deodorizing air and disinfecting floating or adhering bacteria inside or outside the product.
- home appliances such as, for example, a refrigerator, a washing machine, a clothes dryer, a vacuum cleaner, an air conditioner or an air cleaner, and the inside or the outside of the home appliance Deodorizing air and disinfecting floating or adhering bacteria inside or outside the product.
- the plasma electrode unit 2 generates active species such as ions and radicals by micro gap plasma (Micro Gap Plasma), and the plasma electrode unit 2 is A blower mechanism 3 provided for forcibly sending air (air flow) to the plasma electrode unit 2 and provided outside the plasma electrode unit 2 so that flames generated in the plasma electrode unit 2 do not propagate to the outside
- An explosion-proof mechanism 4 and a power source 5 for applying a high voltage to the electrode portion are provided.
- the plasma electrode unit 2 has a pair of electrodes 21 and 22 provided with dielectric films 21a and 22a on opposite surfaces, and a predetermined voltage is applied between the electrodes 21 and 22. Plasma discharge.
- Each of the electrodes 21 and 22 has a substantially rectangular shape in plan view (when viewed from the direction of the face plate of the electrodes 21 and 22), as particularly shown in FIG. There is.
- the application terminal 2T to which the voltage from the power supply 5 is applied is formed in the edge part of the electrodes 21 and 22 of the electrode part 2 (refer FIG. 3).
- the voltage application method to the plasma electrode unit 2 by the power supply 5 is such that the voltage applied to each of the electrodes 21 and 22 has a pulse shape, the peak value thereof is in the range of 100 V to 5000 V, and the pulse width is 0.1 ⁇ m. It is in the range of not less than seconds and not more than 300 ⁇ s.
- a dielectric such as barium titanate is applied to the facing surfaces of the electrodes 21 and 22 to form dielectric films 21a and 22a.
- the surface roughness (in this embodiment, the calculated average roughness Ra) of the dielectric films 21a and 22a is 0.1 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m.
- the other surface roughness may be defined using the maximum height Ry and the ten-point average roughness Rz.
- the surface roughness of the dielectric films 21a and 22a may be controlled by a thermal spraying method.
- a dielectric to be applied to the electrode aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide, strontium titanate, silicon oxide, silver phosphate, lead zirconate titanate, silicon carbide, indium oxide, cadmium oxide, bismuth oxide, zinc oxide , Iron oxide, carbon nanotubes, etc. may be used.
- fluid flow holes 21b and 22b are provided at corresponding portions of the electrodes 21 and 22, respectively, and they are communicated and penetrated.
- the plan view shape of the fluid flow hole 21 b formed in one electrode 21 and the plan view shape of the fluid flow hole 22 b formed in the other electrode 22 are configured to be different from each other.
- the fluid flow holes 21b and 22b respectively formed in corresponding portions of the electrodes 21 and 22 have a substantially circular shape in plan view (see FIGS. 3 and 6), and one of the electrodes
- the opening size (opening diameter) of the fluid communication hole 21b formed in 21 is smaller than the opening size (opening diameter) of the fluid communication hole 22b formed in the other electrode 22 (for example, the opening diameter is smaller than 10 ⁇ m) It is done.
- the fluid passage holes 21b formed in one of the electrodes 21 and the fluid passage holes 22b formed in the other electrode 22 are formed concentrically.
- the plurality of fluid flow holes 21b formed in one electrode 21 all have the same shape, and the plurality of fluid flow holes 22b formed in the other electrode 22 also all have the same shape
- the fluid passage holes 21 b formed in one of the electrodes 21 are all smaller than the fluid passage holes 22 b formed in the other electrode 22.
- the effect is shown as a substantially circular shape, but the openings are not limited to circular but may have any shape, and at least a part of the contours of the corresponding fluid through holes in different positions in plan view are different from each other It should just be comprised.
- the total opening area of the fluid flow holes 21 b and 22 b formed in each of the electrodes 21 and 22 is in the range of 2% to 90% of the total area of each of the electrodes 21 and 22.
- the total opening area of the fluid flow holes 22 b formed in the other electrode 22 is in the range of 2% to 90% of the total area of the electrode 22.
- the total opening area of the fluid flow holes 21 b formed in one of the electrodes 21 may be in the range of 2% to 90%.
- a through hole 21c is provided in one electrode 21 separately from the fluid flow holes 21b and 22b, and the through hole 21c is the other.
- the electrode 22 is configured to close the opening on the opposing surface side.
- fluid distribution holes 21b and 22b formed in each said electrodes 21 and 22 may be hereafter called a perfect opening part, the thing formed of the through-hole 21c in comparison with this is a half opening part It is said.
- the opening size of the through hole 21c is smaller than the opening size of the fluid passage hole 21b by 10 ⁇ m or more.
- the through hole 21c is formed by replacing a part of the fluid passage hole 21b provided regularly, and the through hole 21c is provided around the fluid passage hole 21b (see FIG. 3).
- the blower mechanism 3 is disposed on the side of the other electrode 22 of the plasma electrode unit 2 and forces the wind toward the fluid flow holes 21 b and 22 b (full openings) formed in the plasma electrode unit 2. It has a blower fan. Specifically, the blowing mechanism 3 sets the flow velocity of the wind passing through the fluid flow holes 21 b and 22 b in the range of 0.1 m / s or more and 10 m / s or less.
- the explosion-proof mechanism 4 has a protective cover 41 disposed outside the pair of electrodes 21 and 22, and a flammable gas flows into the fluid flow holes 21 b and 22 b to generate a flame generated by plasma. However, they are configured not to propagate outside the protective cover 41.
- the protective cover 41 has a metal mesh 411 disposed outside the pair of electrodes 21 and 22, and the wire diameter of the metal mesh 411 is in the range of 1.5 mm or less. And the aperture ratio of the metal mesh 411 is 30% or more.
- Plasma is generated in the gap between the two opposed electrodes 21 and 22 by the plasma generator 100 configured as described above, air is sent to the fluid flow holes 21 b and 22 b, deodorization is performed in the vicinity of the electrodes 21 and 22, and plasma is generated.
- the active species generated in the inside are released into a closed space to kill attached bacteria.
- the parameters such as the structure of the complete opening of the electrodes 21 and 22 of the present embodiment, the addition of the half opening, the shape of the opening, the voltage control, the wind speed, etc. The coexistence of sterilization can be made possible.
- this closed space is filled with a flammable gas, it is also provided with an explosion-proof mechanism 4 that can be operated safely, and the performance of deodorization and sterilization due to the explosion-proof mechanism 4 is reduced.
- Air ion measurement is an indirect but simple method of measurement, and among the active species generated by plasma, it has a particularly charge and long-lived ions are the object of measurement, but under certain plasma generation conditions There is a correlation between the density of air ions and the density of active species.
- the fact that the ion number density is high means that the density of the active species effective for sterilization and deodorization is high.
- ozone which is a by-product of plasma, has a much longer life (several tens of minutes or more) than ions, there is no significant difference between the concentration near the plasma and the concentration at a distant downstream location. Even so, in order to increase the absolute value of the measured value and grasp a slight change in the amount of generated ozone, the sampling inlet of the measuring instrument is installed 1 cm downstream of the electrode 21. In such a measurement system, maximizing the ion number density based on the ozone concentration directly leads to optimization of the electrode shape.
- the measurement results of the ion number density and the ozone concentration when the aperture ratio of the fluid flow hole 22b (fluid flow hole 21b) is changed are shown in FIG.
- the aperture ratio increases, the ion number density increases, while the ozone concentration decreases.
- the ratio of the total opening area of the fluid flow holes 22b formed in the electrode 22 (aperture ratio) to the total area of the electrode 22 is preferably in the range of 40% to 90%, more preferably The range of 40% to 80% is preferable.
- the increase in ion production due to the asymmetric structure of the electrode and the half opening was confirmed as follows.
- Prepare three types of electrodes with equal aperture ratio as follows, 1) An electrode having only a basic symmetrical complete opening (the fluid passage holes 21b and the fluid passage holes 22b have the same shape), 2) An electrode in which the complete opening is changed to an asymmetric structure (the configuration of the present embodiment), 3) electrode with half opening in addition to symmetrical complete opening,
- the applied voltage was adjusted so that the ozone concentration became constant for each electrode, and the ion number density generated under the conditions was measured as described above.
- the total extension of the circumferential length of the opening on the electrode is obtained, and the ion number density per unit circumferential length is calculated from the measured ion number density.
- FIG. 8 shows the ratio of the amount of ions generated to the symmetric complete aperture. As shown in FIG. 8, it has been found that the ion generation amount from the half opening increases by three times or more than that of the symmetrical form by changing it to the asymmetrical form (full opening part of the present embodiment). Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 9, the generation amount of active species can be increased up to about 100 times by devising the arrangement of these electrodes and the arrangement of the asymmetric full openings and the half openings on the electrodes. did it.
- the result of having realized the improvement of the bactericidal ability by changing an electrode structure and increasing the production amount of active species is shown in FIG.
- the target of sterilization was E. coli, and the active species was released for 6 hours to the medium coated with E. coli in a 100 L container at room temperature, and then the bacteria on the medium were cultured, and the number of formed colonies was counted.
- the sterilization rate was increased by more than an order of magnitude by the addition of the half-opening from the electrode of the control-only opening only.
- the time to achieve almost complete sterilization (99.9%) is expected to be within 8 hours. This sterilizing ability may be sufficient, for example, to completely kill attached bacteria in the refrigerator while the refrigerator is operated overnight.
- TMA trimethylamine
- the deodorizing reaction performed in the vicinity of the electrode is considered as follows. Consider first the concentration difference between the concentration of active species produced by the plasma and the odor concentration carried by the air stream. As shown in FIG. 12, a part of the plasma generated in the air gap formed by the dielectrics on the electrode surface spreads to the inside of the hole of the complete opening, so the generated active species is supplied from the air blower. It interacts with the flow. At atmospheric pressure, the electron density of plasma generated in the space between dielectrics is about 10 15 / cm 3 , and the density of generated ions and radicals is considered to be equal, and very high density active species Exists.
- the molecular number density assumed when the molecule of the odorant is carried there is 10 13 / cm 3 even in the ppm order, which is several orders of magnitude smaller than the density of the active species. That is, a space in which a sufficient number of active species are generated to decompose odor molecules is generated inside the complete opening, and how to feed it into the deodorization reaction site shown in FIG. 12 to promote decomposition. Is the key.
- the difference between the density of the released active species and the density of the attached bacteria determines the sterilization efficiency.
- active species generated in the plasma and discharged downstream along the air flow return to stable molecules through recombination etc. according to their lifetimes.
- ions present in such air are measured by an air ion measuring instrument or the like, and about 10 6 / cm 3 or so is observed near the plasma.
- Adherent bacteria are several hundred to several thousand per unit area, that is, 10 2 to 10 3 / cm 2 , and sterilization can be carried out by continuously contacting with air containing an active species for a fixed time.
- the reaction between the active species and the odor can be promoted by devising the structure of the complete opening.
- Asymmetry of the hole shape of the two electrodes can be expected to have two effects to accelerate the reaction of active species and odor and to increase the transfer efficiency to the air flow.
- a shape in which the size of the hole decreases along the upstream to the downstream of the air flow (the fluid flow hole 22 b of the other electrode 22 is larger than the fluid flow hole 21 b of the one electrode 21)
- the air flow interacts with the plasma for a longer time, and the efficiency of deodorization is increased.
- the concentration of the active species is high in the region where there is no air flow, even when the air flow is only opened downstream.
- the active species are released downstream, raising the ion number density in the air and enhancing the sterilization efficiency.
- the explosion-proof mechanism 4 is required, for example, when installing the present apparatus in a refrigerator using a flammable refrigerant.
- a metal mesh is disposed around the plasma electrode portion 2, and a spark such as an arc discharge is generated on the electrode in the unlikely event that a flame is a metal mesh even if ignited in a flammable refrigerant atmosphere. It does not extend beyond the entire cold room.
- the wire diameter of the metal mesh 411 is in the range of 1.5 mm or less and the aperture ratio is 30% or more, the generation amount of the active species increased by the above electrode structure Can be operated without loss of safety, that is, safety can be ensured without reducing the deodorizing and sterilizing ability.
- the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment.
- the plurality of fluid flow holes 21b of the electrode 21 have the same shape
- the plurality of fluid flow holes 22b of the electrode 22 have the same shape, but they have different shapes. It is good.
- all the fluid flow holes 21b of the electrode 21 are formed smaller or larger than the plurality of fluid flow holes 22b of the electrode 22, but some of the fluid flow holes 21b of the electrode 21
- the other fluid flow holes 21 b may be formed larger than the fluid flow holes 22 b of the electrode 22.
- through holes are formed in either the one electrode 21 or the other electrode 22 in the embodiment, through holes (half openings) may be formed in both of them.
- the fluid flow holes are of equal cross-sectional shape, but in addition, the fluid flow holes formed in each electrode have a tapered surface, a mortar-like or bowl-like shape, that is, one The diameter may be reduced or increased as it goes from the opening of one to the other opening.
- fluid flow holes may be oval, rectangular, linear slits, concentric slits, corrugated slits, crescents, combs, honeycombs or stars, as well as circular. .
- the generation amount of ozone can be suppressed while increasing the generation amount of the active species.
Abstract
Description
(1)大気中に浮遊する菌やウィルス(以下、浮遊菌)、もしくは悪臭物質(以下、臭気)を装置内の限られた容積内で活性種と反応させる、いわゆる受動型のプラズマ発生装置(例えば、特許文献1)
(2)プラズマ発生部で生成された活性種を(1)よりも容積の大きな閉空間(例えば、居室、トイレ、乗用車の車内等)へ放出し、大気中での活性種と浮遊菌や臭気との衝突により反応させる、いわゆる能動型のプラズマ発生装置(例えば、特許文献2)
ここで、前記一対の電極のうち少なくとも一方に誘電体膜を設けていることにより、各電極21、22間にプラズマ形成用の空隙を形成するためのスペーサを不要としながらも、対向面間に空隙が形成することができる。
21・・・一方の電極
22・・・他方の電極
21a、22a・・・誘電体膜
21b、22b・・・流体流通孔
21c・・・貫通孔
3・・・送風機構
4・・・防爆機構
41・・・保護カバー
411・・・金属メッシュ
次のように開口率の等しい電極を3種類用意し、
1)基本となる対称形完全開口部(流体流通孔21bと流体流通孔22bが同一形状)のみ備えた電極、
2)完全開口部を非対称構造(本実施形態の構成)に変更した電極、
3)対称形完全開口部に加え、半開口部を備えた電極、
それぞれの電極をオゾン濃度が一定になるように印加電圧を調整し、その条件で生成されるイオン数密度を上記の通り測定した。次に、電極上の開口部の周長の総延長を求めておき、測定したイオン数密度より、単位周長当りのイオン数密度を算出する。電極1)と2)は直接比較することで非対称形に変更したことによる増加量が求まり、3)のイオン数密度から1)のイオン数密度を差し引くことで半開口部による増加量が求まる。図8に対称形完全開口部に対するイオン生成量の比を示す。図8に示すように、非対称形(本実施形態の完全開口部)に変更したことにより2倍以上、半開口部からのイオン生成量は対称形の3倍以上増加することが判明した。さらに、これらの電極の構造、非対称の完全開口部の及び半開口部の電極上での配置を工夫することによって、図9に示す通り、活性種の発生量を最大100倍程度増加させることができた。
このように構成した本実施形態に係るプラズマ発生装置100によれば、対応する各流体貫通孔21b、22bの輪郭の少なくとも一部が互いに異なる位置としていることから、流体流通孔21b、22bを流れる流体とプラズマとの接触面積を可及的に大きくすることができる。これにより、イオン及びラジカルといった活性種の生成量を増加させることができ、当該活性種により脱臭する機能と、その活性種を装置外部に放出して浮遊菌及び付着菌を殺菌する機能とを十分に発揮できるようになる。
なお、本発明は前記実施形態に限られるものではない。例えば、前記実施形態では電極21の複数の流体流通孔21bが同一形状をなし、また電極22の複数の流体流通孔22bが同一形状をなすものであったが、それぞれ異なる形状をなすものであっても良い。
Claims (18)
- 一対の電極を有し、それら電極間に所定電圧が印加されてプラズマ放電するものにおいて、各電極の対応する箇所にそれぞれ流体流通孔を設けてこれらが貫通するように構成するとともに、電極の面板方向から視たときに、対応する各流体貫通孔の輪郭の少なくとも一部が互いに異なる位置にあることを特徴とするプラズマ発生装置。
- 前記一対の電極のうち少なくとも一方に誘電体膜を設けたことを特徴とする請求項1記載のプラズマ発生装置。
- 前記一対の電極のうち一方の電極に形成された流体流通孔の開口サイズが、他方の電極に形成された流体流通孔の開口サイズよりも10μm以上小さく形成されている請求項1記載のプラズマ発生装置。
- 前記一方の電極に形成された流体流通孔と前記他方の電極に形成された流体流通孔とを同心円状に配置している請求項1記載のプラズマ発生装置。
- 前記一対の電極の対応する流体流通孔を、複数個設けている請求項1記載のプラズマ発生装置。
- 前記流体流通孔が、等断面形状をなすもの又は一方の開口から他方の開口に行くに従って縮径又は拡径するものである請求項1記載のプラズマ発生装置。
- 前記流体流通孔が、電極の面板方向から視たときに、円形状、楕円形状、矩形状、直線状スリット形状、同心円状スリット形状、波形状スリット形状、三日月形状、櫛形状、ハニカム形状又は星形状のうち少なくともいずれか一つの形状をなすものである請求項1記載のプラズマ発生装置。
- 前記各電極に形成された流体流通孔の開口総面積が、当該各電極の総面積に対して2%以上90%以下の範囲内である請求項1記載のプラズマ発生装置。
- 前記流体流通孔とは別に、一方の電極に貫通孔を設けてこの貫通孔が他方の電極によってその対向面側の開口が塞がれるように構成している請求項1記載のプラズマ発生装置。
- 前記貫通孔の開口サイズを、前記流体流通孔の開口サイズよりも10μm以上小さく形成している請求項9記載のプラズマ発生装置。
- 前記誘電体膜の表面粗さを0.1μm以上100μm以下としている請求項1記載のプラズマ発生装置。
- 前記流体流通孔に向かって強制的に風を送る送風機構を有する請求項1記載のプラズマ発生装置。
- 一対の電極を有し、電極間に所定電圧が印加されてプラズマ放電するものにおいて、各電極の対応する箇所にそれぞれ流体流通孔を設けてこれらが貫通するように構成するとともに、前記流体流通孔とは別に、一方の電極に貫通孔を設けてこの貫通孔が他方の電極によってその対向面側の開口が塞がれるように構成していることを特徴とするプラズマ電極装置。
- 前記各電極に印加する電圧をパルス形状とし、そのピーク値を100V以上5000V以下の範囲内とし、且つパルス幅を0.1μ秒以上かつ300μ秒以下の範囲内としている請求項1記載のプラズマ発生装置。
- 前記一対の電極の外側に配置された保護カバーを有し、可燃性ガスが前記流体流通孔に流入してプラズマによって生じた火炎が、前記保護カバーを越えて外部に伝播しないように構成した防爆機構を有する請求項1記載のプラズマ発生装置。
- 前記保護カバーが、前記一対の電極の外側に配置された金属メッシュを有し、当該金属メッシュの線径が1.5mm以下の範囲内であり、且つ金属メッシュの開口率が30%以上である請求項15記載のプラズマ発生装置。
- 一対の電極を用いたプラズマ発生方法において、各電極の対応する箇所にそれぞれ流体流通孔を設けてこれらが貫通するように構成するとともに、電極の面板方向から視たときに、対応する各流体貫通孔の輪郭の少なくとも一部が互いに異なる位置となるように構成して、それら電極間に所定電圧が印加されてプラズマ放電することを特徴とするプラズマ発生方法。
- 前記一対の電極のうち少なくとも一方に誘電体膜を有する請求項17記載のプラズマ発生方法。
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JP2012542951A JPWO2012063857A1 (ja) | 2010-11-09 | 2011-11-09 | プラズマ発生装置及びプラズマ発生方法 |
US13/884,457 US20140010708A1 (en) | 2010-11-09 | 2011-11-09 | Plasma generator, and plasma generating method |
EP11839310.7A EP2638959A4 (en) | 2010-11-09 | 2011-11-09 | PLASMA GENERATOR AND METHOD FOR GENERATING PLASMA |
CN201180064583.9A CN103492064A (zh) | 2010-11-09 | 2011-11-09 | 等离子体发生器及等离子体产生方法 |
KR1020137014824A KR101572156B1 (ko) | 2010-11-09 | 2011-11-09 | 플라즈마 발생 장치 및 플라즈마 발생 방법 |
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JP2019163701A (ja) * | 2018-03-19 | 2019-09-26 | 日産自動車株式会社 | プラズマ処理装置及び該プラズマ処理装置を用いた排気ガス浄化装置。 |
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KR102259353B1 (ko) * | 2014-07-16 | 2021-06-02 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 살균 탈취 장치 |
IT201800006094A1 (it) * | 2018-06-07 | 2019-12-07 | Metodo di sterilizzazione al plasma | |
KR102438872B1 (ko) * | 2020-09-17 | 2022-09-01 | 운해이엔씨(주) | 양자에너지가 조사되는 저온 저장 및 숙성고 |
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EP2638959A4 (en) | 2015-02-11 |
US20140010708A1 (en) | 2014-01-09 |
KR20130118903A (ko) | 2013-10-30 |
KR101572156B1 (ko) | 2015-11-26 |
JPWO2012063857A1 (ja) | 2014-05-12 |
CN103492064A (zh) | 2014-01-01 |
EP2638959A1 (en) | 2013-09-18 |
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