WO2012062207A9 - 基于铷振荡器的标准频率与时间调整方法 - Google Patents

基于铷振荡器的标准频率与时间调整方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012062207A9
WO2012062207A9 PCT/CN2011/081992 CN2011081992W WO2012062207A9 WO 2012062207 A9 WO2012062207 A9 WO 2012062207A9 CN 2011081992 W CN2011081992 W CN 2011081992W WO 2012062207 A9 WO2012062207 A9 WO 2012062207A9
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frequency
signal
time
fpga
difference
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PCT/CN2011/081992
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French (fr)
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WO2012062207A1 (zh
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黄杰
焦群
何迎利
冯宝英
陈军
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国网电力科学研究院
南京南瑞集团公司
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Priority to BR112013011079-1A priority Critical patent/BR112013011079B1/pt
Publication of WO2012062207A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012062207A1/zh
Publication of WO2012062207A9 publication Critical patent/WO2012062207A9/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03LAUTOMATIC CONTROL, STARTING, SYNCHRONISATION OR STABILISATION OF GENERATORS OF ELECTRONIC OSCILLATIONS OR PULSES
    • H03L7/00Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation
    • H03L7/26Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation using energy levels of molecules, atoms, or subatomic particles as a frequency reference

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a high-precision frequency and time source forming technology in the technical fields of synchronous communication, synchronous phasor measurement, traveling wave ranging, wide-area dynamic monitoring and analysis, grid stability control, and fault recording in a power system.
  • high-performance standard frequency sources mainly sample helium atomic oscillators and helium atomic oscillators.
  • helium atomic oscillators have the best performance, but they are expensive and difficult to purchase.
  • the performance of helium atomic oscillators is lower than that of helium atomic oscillators.
  • This product obtains close to helium atomic oscillations by designing appropriate algorithms and adopting effective and applicable technologies to meet the high-precision frequency and time source requirements of the power system (high accuracy, long-term stability, and long-term drift). Performance.
  • the algorithms and technologies involved in this product include: comprehensive selection technology for multi-frequency sources, taming algorithm for high-precision cesium atom clock, receiving technology for UTC time, algorithm for generating high-precision time signals, adjustment algorithm for self-clock-second phase, and second signal Phase large jump processing technology, etc. Summary of the invention
  • the object of the present invention is to combine a high-precision helium atomic oscillator with a high-precision frequency measuring technology and a time synchronization technique to synchronize the frequency signal outputted by the helium atomic oscillator with the time signal at a higher level of time.
  • the frequency standard commonly used in the power industry is 10MHz and 2.048MHz frequency signals, and the power cuckoo clock device receives the frequency standard from the upper time center through the frequency input port.
  • the frequency selection module preferentially uses the external frequency source to synchronize the time frequency signal output by the power clock device directly with the upper time center.
  • the power clock device When the external frequency input is interrupted, the power clock device continues to output a stable frequency signal by virtue of its own helium atomic oscillator. After the helium atomic oscillator is selected as the reference frequency source, the FPGA multiplies and divides the reference frequency source to obtain a locally generated second pulse signal. The FPGA uses the externally input second pulse signal as a reference to perform a phase difference measurement operation on the intrinsic second signal.
  • the measured phase difference is assigned to the register specified by the FPAG and transmitted to the ARM via the data bus.
  • the ARM calculates the variation of the phase difference between the intrinsic second signal and the external input second signal over time, and calculates the frequency difference between the helium atomic oscillator and the external standard frequency based on the difference.
  • the frequency difference calculated by the ARM is fed back to the FPGA through the data bus.
  • the FPGA performs a frequency modulation operation on the helium atomic oscillator according to the received frequency difference value, and synchronizes the output frequency of the helium atomic oscillator to the upper time frequency reference.
  • the frequency-modulated cesium atomic clock outputs a standard second pulse signal, and one of the second pulse signals is sent to an external satellite comparison device or a traceability device to calculate a time difference message value.
  • the FPGA parses the time difference message to obtain the phase difference to be adjusted, and performs phase modulation operation on the output second signal to synchronize the phase of the intrinsic second signal with the standard second signal.
  • the eigenseconds signal after phase modulation is used to drive the local clock module to generate standard time messages.
  • the externally input time message is used to perform the timing operation on the local clock, so that the output time message is synchronized with the superior time standard.
  • the time value generated by the clock is assigned to the ARM, and the ARM control panel display shows the value of the output time message.
  • the present invention has the advantageous effect of preferentially selecting the external input, from the higher-level time-frequency reference signal, and distributing the frequency after the multi-dimensional comparison (the external input source is compared with the internal helium atomic oscillator) at the timing network layer. With time standards, it provides high-performance, high-stability and high-precision time signals for power networks.
  • Figure 1 is a design scheme of an electric chime
  • Figure 2 is a second signal phase modulation technique
  • Figure 3 is the generation of a time message
  • Figure 4 is an embodiment of a two-cylinder time center station.
  • the design scheme of the power cuckoo clock is shown in Figure 1. According to actual needs, the main functions that need to be realized are as follows: Provide input interfaces of various high-precision frequency sources, access external standard time source, and track high-precision time;
  • the frequency selection unit, the power cuckoo clock has three external frequency sources of 10MHz, 2.048MHz and internal cesium atomic clock 10MHz, and the external frequency source is preferentially selected;
  • the frequency modulation unit resonates the local frequency with a higher-level time reference of the external input according to the frequency stability characteristic of the helium atomic oscillator itself;
  • the time difference message receiving unit receives the phase difference value from the comparison device, adjusts the phase in real time, and synchronizes the output seconds with the standard seconds; the phase measuring unit measures the phase difference between the eigenseconds and the time of the externally input time reference;
  • phase modulation unit that receives phase adjustments from time difference messages, network management, and synchronization buttons
  • the second signal phase large jump processing unit smoothes the second phase jump caused by various abnormalities
  • a panel button unit that provides a manual trigger mechanism synchronized with an external time reference
  • the management information serial interface unit provides a communication interface for the unified network management system.
  • the frequency standards commonly used in the power industry are 10MHz and 2.048MHz frequency signals, and the power clock device receives the frequency standard from the upper time center through the frequency input port.
  • the frequency selection module preferentially uses the external frequency source to synchronize the time frequency signal output by the power clock device directly with the upper time center.
  • the power chopper device continues to output a stable frequency signal by its own cesium atomic oscillator.
  • the FPGA multiplies and divides the reference frequency source to obtain a locally generated second pulse signal.
  • the FPGA uses the externally input second pulse signal as a reference to perform phase difference measurement on the intrinsic second signal.
  • the measured phase difference value is assigned to the register specified by the FPAG and transmitted to the ARM via the data bus.
  • the ARM calculates the phase difference of the intrinsic second signal and the external input second signal as a function of time, and calculates the frequency difference between the helium atomic oscillator and the external standard frequency based on the difference.
  • the frequency difference calculated by the ARM is fed back to the FPGA through the data bus. Based on the received frequency difference, the FPGA performs a frequency modulation operation on the ⁇ atomic oscillator to synchronize the output frequency of the cesium atomic oscillator to the upper time frequency reference.
  • the frequency-modulated cesium atomic clock outputs a standard second pulse signal, and one of the second pulse signals is sent to an external satellite comparison device or a tracer device to calculate a time difference message value.
  • the FPGA parses the time difference message to obtain the phase difference to be adjusted, and performs a phase adjustment operation on the output second signal to synchronize the phase of the intrinsic second signal with the standard second signal.
  • the eigenseconds signal after phase modulation is used to drive the local clock module to generate standard time messages.
  • the externally input time message is used to perform the timing operation on the local clock, so that the output time message is synchronized with the superior time standard.
  • the time value generated by the clock is assigned to ARM, and the ARM control panel display shows the value of the output time message.
  • the invention of the electric power clock mainly comes down to:
  • Standard 10MHz frequency, standard seconds signal and standard time telegrams are provided for the entire time center station.
  • the functional modules of the system include a frequency selection module, a phase modulation module, a self clock module, a frequency modulation module, a processor interface module, Alarm and status quantity acquisition module, panel display design module and network management design module.
  • the circuit of the system mainly consists of a time signal driving circuit, a frequency multiplier, a cesium atomic clock, a battery unit, a field programmable gate array and a microprocessor.
  • Frequency selection module Select one of the 10MHz frequency source or the ⁇ atomic clock 10MHz frequency source as the operating clock of the system. The default external priority is given after power-on. If there is no external, the local oscillator is selected as the frequency source. The selected frequency source can be selected by the network management software.
  • Phase modulation module parsing the time difference message from the satellite comparison device to obtain the phase difference value to be adjusted, and phase-modulating the output second signal; supporting the network management program to manually set the phase adjustment value, and phase-modulating the output second phase; The key is manually synchronized with the external input second signal; the phase modulation algorithm limits the phase modulation value, and smoothes the second phase jump caused by various abnormalities. When the phase adjustment value exceeds the critical value, the upper limit of the phase adjustment value is taken. The second signal is phase-modulated to prevent large phase jumps due to abnormal conditions. See Figure 2 in the annex.
  • Self-clock module The clock that runs automatically according to the intrinsic second signal generated by the system clock, can synchronize the external input time message, or directly set the time data through the network management; The system outputs the time message based on the self-clock time data. See annex III.
  • FM module When the system clock signal is provided by the helium atomic oscillator, the period difference between the local second and the external input reference second is measured based on the external input second signal, and is calculated according to the frequency modulation algorithm based on the helium atomic oscillator stability curve. The frequency modulation value is frequency-modulated for the helium atomic oscillator;
  • Processor interface module responsible for transferring data between FPGA and ARM. These data include: frequency modulation value, time data, phase modulation value, and state parameters of network management configuration;
  • Alarm and status quantity acquisition module This module mainly collects the status quantity parameters of various input terminals, cesium atomic clock, power supply and battery to the network management;
  • Panel display design module Display device time information through the LCD display.
  • the device time is synchronized by the panel button operation.
  • the external input reference time is synchronized by the panel button operation.
  • Network management module The functions of the network management part include: remote control and status monitoring.
  • Condition monitoring includes: various external terminal collection, power battery alarm, cesium clock status, current FM value, and current frequency source.
  • Remote control includes: time report setting, phase adjustment, frequency adjustment, frequency source selection setting, etc.
  • the cesium atomic clock used in the electric cesium clock can be reset, frequency modulated, etc. through the serial port.
  • the system clock is provided by the ⁇ atomic clock.
  • the circuit control unit can send a reset command through the network management system to lock the output frequency of the cesium atomic clock to about 10MHz.
  • the ⁇ atomic clock is input.
  • the frequency is calculated by frequency measurement, and the frequency difference is calculated by the least squares method.
  • the frequency modulation algorithm calculates the frequency modulation value based on the obtained frequency difference value and the frequency stability curve of the helium atomic oscillator.
  • the frequency modulation algorithm performs filtering operations on the FM data, and discards the large frequency data due to the abnormality. According to the frequency modulation value obtained by the frequency modulation algorithm, the frequency modulation command is sent, and the cesium atomic clock is frequency-modulated, so that the output frequency traceability of the cesium atomic oscillator can be synchronized to a higher-level standard time frequency signal, and finally a stable 10 MHz frequency signal is output.
  • the FM command is as follows:
  • the FPGA sends the reset command 'RST' in the form of ASICII characters, and ends with the "return” button, which can be reset.
  • the FM function can be realized by sending the FRExxxxxxxx command + Enter; where the highest bit of xxxxxxxx is the sign bit: '0' is increased, and '1' is decreased.
  • the last 7 bits of data are the decimal frequency value X, in millihertz. Its calculation formula is:
  • the gradation selection process of a plurality of time sources is utilized, and the excellent frequency stability of the helium atomic oscillator itself is fully utilized, and the tame is synchronized to a higher-level time-frequency reference (Chinese UTC (NTSC) maintained by the National Time Service Center, The grid's autonomous time center time, Beidou satellite time, GPS satellite time, etc., provides a stable frequency (10MHz) reference, a second phase reference, and a time reporting reference for the entire system master station.
  • NTSC time-frequency reference
  • the implementation of the power cuckoo clock as a time center station is shown in Figure 4.
  • the design scheme of the double cuckoo clock center station is adopted: two sets of electric cuckoo clocks are configured as the frequency reference, and the main backup frequency division clock and Assign an amplification device.
  • the frequency-calibrated power cuckoo clock device can be used as the highest frequency standard for the time-centred station.
  • the time-series network consisting of transmission medium such as optical fiber and Ethernet, and the PTP main clock and clock expansion device form a unified grid time system. Double-clock devices are backed up each other, which improves the reliability of the time center station. In this way, you can also get rid of the transitional dependence on GPS.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Electric Clocks (AREA)
  • Stabilization Of Oscillater, Synchronisation, Frequency Synthesizers (AREA)

Description

基于铷振荡器的标准频率与时间调整方法 技术领域
本发明涉及电力系统中同步通信、 同步相量测量、 行波测距、 广域动态监测与分析、 电网 稳定控制、 故障录波等技术领域的高精度频率与时间源的组建技术。
背景技术
目前, 高性能的标准频率源主要采样铯原子振荡器和铷原子振荡器, 其中铯原子振荡器性 能最优, 但价格高昂且难以采购, 铷原子振荡器性能低于铯原子振荡器。 本产品通过设计恰 当的算法、 采用有效适用的技术, 使其针对电力系统的对高精度的频率和时间源的需求 (准 确度高、 长期稳定性高、 长期漂移小), 获得接近铯原子振荡器的性能。 本产品涉及到的算法 与技术包括: 多频率源的综合选择技术, 高精度铷原子钟的驯服算法、 UTC时间的接收技术、 高精度时间信号的产生算法、 自行钟秒相位的调整算法、 秒信号相位大跳变处理技术等。 发明内容
发明目的
本发明的目的在于, 将高精度的铷原子振荡器与高精度测频技术及时间同步技术有机结合在 一起, 使铷原子振荡器输出的频率信号与时间信号同时驯服同步于更高等级的时间频率基准
(国家授时中心维护的中国 UTC (NTSC)、 电网自主时间中心时间、 北斗卫星时间、 GPS卫 星时间等), 提高频率与时间信号的长期稳定性和准确度, 降低漂移。
技术方案
电力行业通用的频率标准为 10MHz和 2.048MHz频率信号,电力铷钟设备通过频率输入端口, 接收来自上级时间中心的频率标准。
频率选择模块在有外部频率输入时, 优先使用外部频率源, 使电力铷钟设备输出的时间频 率信号直接与上级时间中心同步。
外部频率输入中断时, 电力铷钟设备依靠自身的铷原子振荡器, 继续输出稳定的频率信号。 铷原子振荡器被选为基准频率源后, FPGA 对基准频率源进行倍频和分频工作, 得到本地 产生的秒脉冲信号。 FPGA 以外部输入的秒脉冲信号作为基准, 对本征秒信号进行相差测量 运算。
测得的相差值被赋值给 FPAG内部指定的寄存器, 通过数据总线, 传送给 ARM。 ARM计 算本征秒信号和外部输入秒信号的相差随时间的变化值, 根据差值计算出铷原子振荡器与外 部标准频率的频差。 ARM计算得到的频差值通过数据总线反馈给 FPGA。 FPGA依据收到的频差值,对铷原子 振荡器进行调频操作, 使铷原子振荡器的输出频率溯源同步到上级时间频率基准。
经过调频后的铷原子钟输出标准的秒脉冲信号, 其中一路秒脉冲信号送给外部卫星比对设 备或者溯源设备, 计算得到时差报文值。 FPGA解析时差报文得到要调整的相位差值, 对输 出秒信号进行调相操作, 使本征秒信号的相位同步于标准秒信号。 调频调相后的本征秒信号 用于驱动本地自行钟模块, 产生标准时间报文。
外部输入的时间报文用于对本地自行钟进行对时操作, 使输出的时间报文同步于上级时间 标准。 自行钟产生的时间值赋给 ARM, ARM控制面板显示屏显示输出时间报文的值。
有益效果
本发明的有益效果在于采取优先选择由外部输入、来自于更高级别时间频率基准信号的原则, 在授时网络层分发经过多元比对 (外部输入源与内部铷原子振荡器比对) 后的频率与时间标 准, 为电力网络提供高性能、 高稳定和高精度的时间信号。
附图说明
图 1是电力铷钟设计方案;
图 2是秒信号调相技术;
图 3是时间报文的产生;
图 4是双铷钟时间中心站实施方式。
具体实施方式
电力铷钟的设计方案如图 1所示, 根据实际需求, 其需要实现的主要功能如下: 提供多种高精频率源的输入接口, 接入外部标准时间源, 跟踪高精度时间;
频率选择单元, 电力铷钟共有外部 10MHz、 2.048MHz和内部铷原子钟 10MHz三个频率源, 优先选择外部频率源;
调频单元, 依据铷原子振荡器自身的频率稳定特性, 将本地频率与外部输入的更高等级的时 间基准谐振;
时差报文接收单元, 接收来自于比对设备的相差值, 实时调整相位, 使输出秒与标准秒同步; 相位测量单元, 测量本征秒与外部输入的时间基准的秒之间的相差;
调相单元, 接收来自于时差报文、 网管和同步按键的相位调整;
秒信号相位大跳变处理单元, 对由各种异常引起的秒相位跳变进行平滑处理;
面板按键单元, 提供与外部时间基准同步的手工触发机制;
提供标准时间报文和秒信号输入接口, 同步外部标准时间信号; 协调世界时 UTC时间到北京时间的转换单元, 完成不同时区的时间调整功能; 时间信号输出单元, 输出高度准确、 高稳定的。 无跳变的时间信号;
管理信息串行接口单元, 为统一网管系统提供通信接口。
电力行业通用的频率标准为 10MHz和 2.048MHz频率信号, 电力铷钟设备通过频率输入端 口, 接收来自上级时间中心的频率标准。 频率选择模块在有外部频率输入时, 优先使用外部 频率源, 使电力铷钟设备输出的时间频率信号直接与上级时间中心同步。 外部频率输入中断 时, 电力铷钟设备依靠自身的铷原子振荡器, 继续输出稳定的频率信号。 铷原子振荡器被选 为基准频率源后, FPGA 对基准频率源进行倍频和分频工作, 得到本地产生的秒脉冲信号。 FPGA 以外部输入的秒脉冲信号作为基准, 对本征秒信号进行相差测量运算。 测得的相差值 被赋值给 FPAG内部指定的寄存器, 通过数据总线, 传送给 ARM。 ARM计算本征秒信号和 外部输入秒信号的相差随时间的变化值, 根据差值计算出铷原子振荡器与外部标准频率的频 差。 ARM计算得到的频差值通过数据总线反馈给 FPGA。 FPGA依据收到的频差值, 对铷原 子振荡器进行调频操作, 使铷原子振荡器的输出频率溯源同步到上级时间频率基准。 经过调 频后的铷原子钟输出标准的秒脉冲信号, 其中一路秒脉冲信号送给外部卫星比对设备或者溯 源设备, 计算得到时差报文值。 FPGA解析时差报文得到要调整的相位差值, 对输出秒信号 进行调相操作, 使本征秒信号的相位同步于标准秒信号。 调频调相后的本征秒信号用于驱动 本地自行钟模块, 产生标准时间报文。外部输入的时间报文用于对本地自行钟进行对时操作, 使输出的时间报文同步于上级时间标准。 自行钟产生的时间值赋给 ARM, ARM控制面板显 示屏显示输出时间报文的值。
针对电力铷钟设备所要实现的功能, 电力铷钟的发明内容主要归结为:
以优先级的高低, 选择系统频率源;
对铷原子钟频率的精确测量, 对铷原子钟进行调频, 使其频率驯服同步于更高等级的时间基 准上;
基于频率源生成自行钟 (秒信号和时间报文);
时差报文、 时间报文的接收;
依据时差报文值、 网管值对输出秒相位进行调整;
秒信号调相大相位跳变处理;
通过网管手工对频率源、 时间数据和相位参数的设置;
为整个时间中心站提供标准 10MHz频率、 标准秒信号和标准时间报文。
系统的功能模块包括频率选择模块、 调相模块、 自行钟模块、 调频模块、 处理器接口模块、 告警及状态量采集模块、 面板显示设计模块和网管设计模块。 系统的电路主要由时间信号驱 动电路、 频率倍频器、 铷原子钟、 电池单元、 现场可编程门阵列和微处理器组成。
各个模块功能如下:
频率选择模块: 从外部输入 10MHz频率源或铷原子钟 10MHz频率源中选择一路作为系统的 工作时钟。 上电后默认外部优先, 若无外部则选择本地铷振荡器作为频率源, 可通过网管软 件进行选定频率源;
调相模块: 解析来自于卫星比对设备的时差报文得到要调整的相位差值, 对输出秒信号进行 调相; 支持网管程序手动设置调相值, 对输出秒相位进行调相; 支持或者直接按键手工同步 外部输入秒信号; 调相算法中对调相值进行限定, 对由各种异常引起的秒相位跳变进行平滑 处理, 当调相值超过临界值的时候, 取调相值的上限对秒信号进行调相, 防止由于异常情况 而引起的相位大跳变的产生。 见附件图 2。
自行钟模块: 依据系统时钟产生的本征秒信号自动运行的时钟, 可以同步外部输入的时间 报文, 或者通过网管直接设置时间数据; 系统以自行钟时间数据为基准对外输出时间报文。 见附件图三。
调频模块: 系统时钟信号由铷原子振荡器提供时, 以外部输入秒信号为基准, 测量本地秒 与外部输入基准秒之间的周期差, 根据基于铷原子振荡器稳定度曲线的调频算法, 计算出调 频值对铷原子振荡器调频;
处理器接口模块: 负责 FPGA和 ARM之间传递数据, 这些数据包括: 调频值、 时间数据、 调相值、 网管配置的状态参量;
告警及状态量采集模块: 该模块主要采集各种输入端子、 铷原子钟、 电源、 电池的状态量参 数送给网管;
面板显示设计模块: 通过 LCD显示屏来显示设备时间信息。设备时间通过面板按键操作同步 外部输入基准时间。
网管设计模块: 网管部分的功能包括: 远程控制、 状态监测两部分。 状态监测包括: 各种 外部端子采集量、 电源电池告警量、 铷原子钟状态、 当前调频值以及当前频率源等。 远程控 制包括: 时间报设置、 相位调整、 频率调整、 频率源选择设置等。
铷原子钟调频算法
电力铷钟采用的铷原子钟可以通过串口进行复位、 调频等操作。 没有外部频率输入时, 系统 时钟由铷原子钟提供, 此时电路控制单元可以通过网管发送复位命令, 使铷原子钟输出频率 锁定在 10MHz左右。 以来自于 GPS卫星铯原子钟的外部输入秒信号为基准, 对铷原子钟输 出频率进行测频计算, 运用最小二乘法计算出频差值。 调频算法根据获得的频差值, 结合铷 原子振荡器的频率稳定度曲线, 计算出调频值。 调频算法对调频数据进行过滤操作, 舍去由 于异常而引起的大调频数据。 依据调频算法获得的调频值, 发送调频命令, 对铷原子钟进行 调频, 可以实现铷原子振荡器的输出频率溯源同步到更高级别的标准时间频率信号上, 最终 输出稳定的 10MHz频率信号。
调频命令如下:
( 1 ) FPGA根据 RS232串口通信协议, 以 ASICII字符的形式, 发送复位命令 'RST', 以"回 车"键结束, 即可实现复位;
(2)通过发送 FRExxxxxxxx命令 +回车可以实现调频功能; 其中 xxxxxxxx最高位是符号位: '0' 增大, ' 1 ' 减小。 后 7位数据为十进制调频值 X, 单位为毫赫兹。 其计算公式为:
Figure imgf000007_0001
其中, 4/表示频差值。
铷原子钟在接受调频命令所需要的稳定时间见表
Figure imgf000007_0002
、 铷原子钟调频跟踪时间
本发明中, 通过对多种时间源的分级选择处理, 充分利用铷原子振荡器自身优异的频率稳定 性, 驯服同步到更高等级的时间频率基准 (国家授时中心维护的中国 UTC (NTSC)、 电网自 主时间中心时间、 北斗卫星时间、 GPS 卫星时间等), 为整个时间系统主站提供稳定的频率 (10MHz)基准、 秒相位基准以及时间报基准。
鉴于智能电网的发展需求, 电力铷钟作为时间中心站的实施方式如图 4所示, 通常采用双 铷钟中心站的设计方案: 配置两套电力铷钟作为频率基准, 主备分频钟和分配放大设备。 频 率校准后的电力铷钟设备可以作为时间中心站的最高频率标准, 通过光纤、 以太网等传送介 质组成的授时网络与 PTP主钟、 时钟扩展装置等设备组成电网时间统一系统。 双铷钟设备互 为备份, 提高了时间中心站的可靠性, 通过这种方式也可以摆脱对 GPS的过渡依赖。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 基于铷振荡器的标准频率与时间调整方法, 其特征在于, 包括以下步骤:
频率选择模块在有外部频率输入时, 优先使用外部频率源, 使电力铷钟设备输出的时间频率 信号直接与上级时间中心同步;
外部频率输入中断时, 电力铷钟设备依靠自身的铷原子振荡器, 继续输出稳定的频率信号; 铷原子振荡器被选为基准频率源后, FPGA 对基准频率源进行倍频和分频工作, 得到本地产 生的秒脉冲信号; FPGA 以外部输入的秒脉冲信号作为基准, 对本征秒信号进行相差测量运 算;
测得的相差值被赋值给 FPAG内部指定的寄存器, 通过数据总线, 传送给 ARM; ARM计算 本征秒信号和外部输入秒信号的相差随时间的变化值, 根据差值计算出铷原子振荡器与外部 标准频率的频差;
ARM计算得到的频差值通过数据总线反馈给 FPGA; FPGA依据收到的频差值,对铷原子振 荡器进行调频操作, 使铷原子振荡器的输出频率溯源同步到上级时间频率基准;
经过调频后的铷原子钟输出标准的秒脉冲信号, 其中一路秒脉冲信号送给外部卫星比对设备 或者溯源设备, 计算得到时差报文值; FPGA解析时差报文得到要调整的相位差值, 对输出 秒信号进行调相操作, 使本征秒信号的相位同步于标准秒信号; 调频调相后的本征秒信号用 于驱动本地自行钟模块, 产生标准时间报文。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的基于铷振荡器的标准频率与时间调整方法,其特征在于,所述 FPGA 依据收到的频差值, 对铷原子振荡器进行调频操作步骤, 依据以下公式计算调频值 X:
6.813 x10
, /表示频差值。
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