WO2012056543A1 - 電動車両の電源装置およびその制御方法ならびに電動車両 - Google Patents
電動車両の電源装置およびその制御方法ならびに電動車両 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012056543A1 WO2012056543A1 PCT/JP2010/069142 JP2010069142W WO2012056543A1 WO 2012056543 A1 WO2012056543 A1 WO 2012056543A1 JP 2010069142 W JP2010069142 W JP 2010069142W WO 2012056543 A1 WO2012056543 A1 WO 2012056543A1
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- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a power supply device for an electric vehicle, a control method therefor, and an electric vehicle, and more particularly, to an electric system for an electric vehicle equipped with a mechanism capable of charging an in-vehicle power storage device using a power supply external to the vehicle.
- the power storage device is powered by a power source external to the vehicle (hereinafter also simply referred to as “external power source”).
- a power source external to the vehicle hereinafter also simply referred to as “external power source”.
- a configuration for charging the battery has been proposed.
- charging of the power storage device by the external power supply is also referred to as “external charging”.
- Patent Document 1 describes a configuration for achieving both improvement in charging efficiency and ensuring operation of an auxiliary load system during external charging. Specifically, a configuration for providing a charging path for the main battery by external charging so that external charging and operation of the auxiliary load system can be performed even with the relay between the vehicle driving power motor and the main battery turned off. Is described. Further, Patent Document 1 describes a configuration in which the power of the main battery is converted into AC power and output from an AC outlet by configuring the power converter for external charging so that bidirectional power conversion is possible. .
- JP 2009-224256 A (Patent Document 2) describes a configuration for warming up a battery in view of a decrease in battery charging efficiency at low temperatures. Specifically, a configuration is described in which the heat of the electric heater for heating is transmitted to the motor driving battery when the motor driving battery is charged by connection to an external power source while the vehicle is stopped.
- Patent Document 2 is not efficient because it warms up by applying heat from the outside of the battery housing, and there is a concern that the power required for warming up becomes large.
- the present invention has been made to solve such problems, and an object of the present invention is to efficiently store the power storage device in an electric vehicle equipped with a mechanism for charging the in-vehicle power storage device with an external power source. It is to warm up.
- a power supply device for an electric vehicle includes a power storage device, a power line, a power converter, a connection node, and a control device.
- the power storage device stores electric power that is input to and output from an electric motor that generates vehicle driving power.
- the power line is connected to an external power source during external charging.
- the power converter is configured to perform bidirectional power conversion between the AC power of the power line and the directly flowing power input / output to / from the power storage device.
- the connection node is provided for connecting an electrical load to a path between the external power supply and the power storage device.
- the control device is configured to control DC power input / output to / from the power storage device by the power converter.
- the control device discharges the power storage device when the temperature of the power storage device is lower than a predetermined temperature.
- the temperature increase control for alternately generating the two states is executed.
- control device controls the transition from the first state to the second state and the transition from the second state to the first state in accordance with the state of charge of the power storage device.
- the controller instructs the transition to the second state when the SOC decreases to a first determination value lower than the SOC at the start of temperature increase control, and the second state.
- the controller instructs the transition to the second state when the SOC decreases to a first determination value lower than the SOC at the start of temperature increase control, and the second state.
- the SOC rises to a second determination value that is higher than the SOC at the start of the temperature raising control, a transition to the first state is instructed.
- control device controls the power converter so that the discharge power from the power storage device in the first state is equivalent to the power consumption of the electric load.
- the power converter is a charging device for converting AC power of the power line into DC power for charging the power storage device, and for converting DC power from the power storage device to AC power and outputting the AC power to the power line.
- Power generation device The control device stops the charging device while operating the power generation device in the first state, and stops the power generation device while operating the charging device in the second state.
- connection node is constituted by an outlet for connecting an electric load to the power line.
- an electric vehicle includes an electric motor for generating vehicle driving power, a power storage device, a power line, a power converter, a connection node, and a control device.
- the power storage device stores electric power that is input to and output from an electric motor that generates vehicle driving power.
- the power line is connected to an external power source during external charging.
- the power converter is configured to perform bidirectional power conversion between AC power of the power line and DC power input / output to / from the power storage device.
- the connection node is provided for connecting an electrical load to a path between the external power supply and the power storage device.
- the control device is configured to control DC power input / output to / from the power storage device by the power converter.
- the control device can control the power storage device when the temperature of the power storage device is lower than a predetermined temperature.
- a first state in which the power converter is controlled so that power consumption of the electrical load is ensured with discharging, and the power converter is controlled so that power consumption of the electrical load is secured with charging of the power storage device The temperature increase control is alternately executed to alternately generate the second state.
- control device controls the power converter so that the discharge power from the power storage device in the first state is equal to the power consumption of the electric load.
- the power converter is a charging device for converting AC power of the power line into DC power for charging the power storage device, and for converting DC power from the power storage device to AC power for output to the power line.
- Power generation device In the first state, the control device operates the power generation device while stopping the power generation device, and in the second state, the control device operates the charging device while stopping the power generation device.
- connection node is constituted by an outlet for connecting an electric load to the power line.
- a control method for a power supply device of an electric vehicle equipped with an electric motor that generates vehicle drive power including a power storage device, a power line, a power converter, a connection node, Is provided.
- the power storage device stores electric power input / output to / from the electric motor.
- the power line is connected to an external power source during external charging.
- the power converter is configured to perform bidirectional power conversion between AC power of the power line and DC power input / output to / from the power storage device.
- the connection node is provided for connecting an electrical load to a path between the external power supply and the power storage device.
- the control method when the external power source is connected to the power line and the electrical load is connected to the path between the external power source and the power storage device, whether or not the temperature increase control of the power storage device is necessary based on the temperature of the power storage device.
- a first state in which the power converter is controlled so that the power consumption of the electric load is ensured with the discharge of the power storage device when it is determined that the temperature raising control is necessary, and the power storage device And performing a temperature rise control by alternately generating a second state in which the power converter is controlled so that the power consumption of the electric load is ensured with the charging.
- the executing step includes a step of controlling a transition from the first state to the second state and a transition from the second state to the first state in accordance with the state of charge of the power storage device. .
- the step of instructing the transition to the second state when the SOC decreases to a first determination value lower than the SOC at the start of the temperature raising control in the first state In the state of 2, when the SOC rises to a second determination value that is higher than the SOC at the start of the temperature raising control, there is a step of instructing a transition to the first state.
- the executing step includes a step of controlling the power converter so that the discharge power from the power storage device in the first state is equivalent to the power consumption of the electric load.
- the power converter is a charging device for converting AC power of the power line into DC power for charging the power storage device, and for converting DC power from the power storage device to AC power and outputting the AC power to the power line.
- Power generation device for converting AC power of the power line into DC power for charging the power storage device, and for converting DC power from the power storage device to AC power and outputting the AC power to the power line.
- Power generation device includes a step of stopping the charging device while operating the power generation device in the first state, and a step of stopping the power generation device while operating the charging device in the second state.
- the power storage device in an electric vehicle equipped with a mechanism for charging an in-vehicle power storage device with an external power source, the power storage device can be efficiently warmed up.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an electric vehicle equipped with a power supply device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- electrically powered vehicle 100 includes power storage device 110 corresponding to “power storage device”, system main relay (hereinafter also referred to as SMR (System Main Relay)) 115, and PCU (Power Control Unit) 120. And a motor generator 130 that is an electric motor for traveling, a power transmission gear 140, drive wheels 150, and a control device 300.
- SMR System Main Relay
- PCU Power Control Unit
- the power storage device 110 is a power storage element configured to be chargeable / dischargeable, and typically includes a secondary battery such as a lithium ion battery or a nickel metal hydride battery.
- a secondary battery such as a lithium ion battery or a nickel metal hydride battery.
- the output voltage of power storage device 110 is about 200V.
- power storage device 110 may be configured by a power storage element such as an electric double layer capacitor or a combination of a power storage element and a secondary battery.
- the control device 300 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a storage device, and an electronic control unit including an input / output buffer (not shown).
- Control device 300 (hereinafter also referred to as ECU 300) controls each device mounted on electric vehicle 100. Note that these controls are not limited to processing by software, and can be processed by dedicated hardware (electronic circuit).
- the power storage device 110 is connected to the power line PL1 and the ground line NL1 via the SMR 115. Power line PL1 and ground line NL1 are connected to PCU 120 for driving motor generator 130. Power storage device 110 supplies electric power for generating driving force of electric powered vehicle 100 to PCU 120. In addition, power storage device 110 stores electric power generated by motor generator 130.
- the one end of the relay included in SMR 115 is connected to the positive terminal and the negative terminal of power storage device 110, respectively.
- the other end of the relay included in SMR 115 is connected to power line PL1 and ground line NL1 connected to PCU 120, respectively.
- SMR 115 switches between power supply and cutoff between power storage device 110 and PCU 120 based on control signal SE ⁇ b> 1 from ECU 300.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of the internal configuration of the PCU 120.
- PCU 120 includes a converter 121, an inverter 122, and smoothing capacitors C1 and C2.
- Converter 121 performs bidirectional power conversion between power line PL1 and ground line NL1, power line HPL and ground line NL1, based on control signal PWC from ECU 300.
- a circuit configuration of a power conversion circuit for example, a bidirectional chopper circuit
- a DC voltage conversion function can be arbitrarily applied.
- the inverter 122 is connected to the power line HPL and the ground line NL1. Inverter 122 converts DC power supplied from converter 121 into AC power based on control signal PWI from ECU 300 and drives motor generator 130. As the inverter 122, a general three-phase inverter circuit configuration can be applied.
- a configuration in which one motor generator and inverter pair is provided is shown as an example, but a configuration in which a plurality of motor generator and inverter pairs are provided may be employed.
- Smoothing capacitor C1 is provided between power line PL1 and ground line NL1, and reduces voltage fluctuation between power line PL1 and ground line NL1.
- Capacitor C2 is provided between power line HPL and ground line NL1, and reduces voltage fluctuation between power line HPL and ground line NL1.
- motor generator 130 is, for example, a permanent magnet type synchronous motor including a rotor in which permanent magnets are embedded.
- the output torque of the motor generator 130 is transmitted to the drive wheels 150 via a power transmission gear 140 configured by a reduction gear and a power split mechanism (not shown).
- the electric vehicle 100 travels by the torque transmitted to the drive wheels 150.
- Motor generator 130 can generate electric power by the rotational force of drive wheel 150 during regenerative braking of electric vehicle 100. Then, the generated power is converted into charging power for power storage device 110 by PCU 120.
- a necessary vehicle driving force is generated by operating the engine and the motor generator 130 in a coordinated manner.
- electric vehicle 100 in the present embodiment represents a vehicle equipped with an electric motor for generating vehicle driving force, and is equipped with an engine and a hybrid vehicle that generates vehicle driving force with electric motor, and the engine.
- the point which includes the electric vehicle which does not carry out, a fuel cell vehicle, etc. is described definitely.
- a power supply device for an electric vehicle is configured by a portion excluding the motor generator 130, the power transmission gear 140, and the drive wheel 150 from the configuration of the electric vehicle 100 shown in FIG.
- the power supply device further includes an external charger 200, a charging relay 240, and a charging inlet 250 as a configuration (external charging system) for externally charging the power storage device 110 with electric power from the external power supply 260.
- external power supply 260 is a commercial AC power supply.
- a charging connector 270 of a charging cable 280 for electrically connecting the external power source 260 and the electric vehicle 100 is connected to the charging inlet 250. Electric power from external power supply 260 is transmitted to electric vehicle 100 via charging cable 280.
- power lines ACL1 and ACL2 are connected to external power supply 260 during external charging. That is, power lines ACL1 and ACL2 correspond to “power lines”.
- External charger 200 is connected to charging inlet 250 via power lines ACL1 and ACL2. External charger 200 is electrically connected to power storage device 110 via power line PL2 and ground line NL2, and charging relay 240 (hereinafter also referred to as CHR 240) that is turned on during external charging.
- CHR 240 charging relay 240
- CHR 240 is connected between the positive terminal of power storage device 110 and power line PL2, and between the negative terminal of power storage device 110 and ground line NL2.
- CHR 240 forms or blocks an energization path between power storage device 110 and external charger 200 based on control signal SE2 from ECU 300.
- External charger 200 converts AC power supplied from external power supply 260 into DC power for charging power storage device 110 in accordance with power command value Pout * from ECU 300. Further, external charger 200 converts DC power from power storage device 110 into AC power equivalent to AC power from external power supply 260 in accordance with power command value Pout * from ECU 300, and outputs it to power lines ACL1 and ACL2. To do.
- the external charger 200 is configured to perform bidirectional AC / DC power conversion. That is, the external charger 200 corresponds to a “power converter”.
- the output power Po of the external charger 200 is detected by the power detector 205.
- the output power Po is positive (Po> 0)
- power is output from the external charger 200 to the power lines ACL1 and ACL2.
- the output power Po is negative (Po ⁇ 0)
- power is input to the external charger 200 from the power lines ACL1 and ACL2.
- power storage device 110 is discharged when Po> 0, and power storage device 110 is charged when Po ⁇ 0.
- Output power Po of external charger 200 is controlled in accordance with power command value Pout * from ECU 300. That is, charging / discharging of power storage device 110 can be controlled by power command value Pout *.
- FIG. 3 shows a configuration example of the external charger 200.
- external charger 200 includes a control circuit 201, an AC / DC converter 202, and a DC / DC converter 204.
- the AC / DC converter 202 includes reactors L1 and L2, a smoothing capacitor C3, and a bridge circuit 112.
- Reactor L1 is connected in series with power line ACL1.
- Reactor L2 is connected in series with power line ACL2.
- Bridge circuit 112 converts AC voltage Vac between power lines ACL1 and ACL2 into a DC voltage by on / off control of the power semiconductor switching element, and outputs the DC voltage between power line PL3 and ground line NL3.
- Smoothing capacitor C1 is connected between power line PL3 and ground line NL3.
- the DC / DC converter 204 includes bridge circuits 114 and 116 and a transformer 117.
- the bridge circuit 114 converts the DC voltage of the power line PL3 and the ground line NL3 into AC power by on / off control of the power semiconductor switching element, and outputs it to the primary side of the transformer 117.
- the transformer 117 converts the AC voltage on the primary side according to a predetermined primary / secondary winding ratio and outputs it to the secondary side.
- Bridge circuit 116 converts the AC voltage on the secondary side of transformer 117 into a DC voltage by on / off control of the power semiconductor switching element, and outputs the converted DC voltage Vdc between power line PL2 and ground line NL2. .
- AC voltage Vac for example, 100 VAC
- DC voltage Vdc DC voltage Vdc that charges power storage device 110 while ensuring insulation between external power supply 260 and power storage device 110. it can.
- each of the AC / DC converter 202 and the DC / DC converter 204 is configured to be capable of power conversion in both directions.
- DC / DC converter 204 has a function of converting DC voltage Vdc transmitted from power storage device 110 to power line PL2 and ground line NL2, and outputting the voltage between power line PL3 and ground line NL3. Also have. This function can be realized by on / off control of the power semiconductor switching elements constituting the bridge circuits 114 and 116.
- AC / DC converter 202 has a function of converting a DC voltage between power line PL3 and ground line NL3 into AC power equivalent to the power from external power supply 260 and outputting it to power lines ACL1 and ACL2. .
- This function can be realized by on / off control of the power semiconductor switching elements constituting the bridge circuit 112.
- the control circuit 201 generates a control signal PWA for the AC / DC converter 202 and a control signal PWD for the DC / DC converter 204 in accordance with the power command value Pout * from the ECU 300.
- On / off of the power semiconductor switching elements constituting the bridge circuits 112, 114, 116 is controlled according to the control signals PWA, PWD.
- Control signals PWA and PWD are adjusted according to the deviation between power command value Pout * and detected output power Po.
- the power supply device further includes an outlet 230 and a relay 235.
- the outlet 230 is an AC outlet for taking out commercial AC power.
- the outlet 230 is connected to the power lines ACL1 and ACL2 via the relay 235.
- Relay 235 is controlled to be turned on in response to a switch operation of the user of electric vehicle 100 or connection of electric load 290 to outlet 230.
- the outlet 230 constitutes a “connection node” for connecting the electrical load 290 to the path between the external power supply 260 and the power storage device 110.
- electrical load 290 is operable by AC power on power lines ACL1 and ACL2 by being connected to outlet 230.
- the power detector 255 is configured to detect the power consumption Pl of the electric load 290. The detected power consumption Pl is sent to ECU 300.
- the electric load 290 When the electric load 290 is connected to the outlet 280 in a state where the external power supply 260 is connected to the electric vehicle 100, the electric load 290 is connected to the path between the external power supply 260 and the power storage device 110.
- Po ⁇ 0 external power supply 260 supplies the sum of the charging power of power storage device 110 and power consumption Pl of electric load 290.
- Po> 0 the shortage of the output power Po with respect to the power consumption Pl is supplied from the external power supply 260. It is desirable to control so that Psys ⁇ 0 is maintained so as not to generate a reverse power flow.
- ECU 300 outputs control signals for controlling SMR 115, PCU 120, external charger 200, CHR 240, and the like.
- ECU 300 receives detected values of voltage VB, temperature TB, and current IB from a sensor (not shown) included in power storage device 110. ECU 300 calculates an SOC (State of Charge) indicating the state of charge of power storage device 110 based on at least a part of these detected values. At the time of external charging, power command value Pout * is appropriately set in order to control charging / discharging of power storage device 110.
- SOC State of Charge
- ECU300 comprehensively the control function of each apparatus of the electric vehicle 100
- position part of the function of ECU300 separately.
- the control function of the external charging system devices for example, external charger 200 and CHR 240
- an ECU separate from ECU 300 may be provided.
- the power storage device 110 configured by a secondary battery has a low charge / discharge efficiency due to an increase in internal resistance at low temperatures. Therefore, when external power supply 260 is connected to electrically powered vehicle 100 when power storage device 110 is at a low temperature, power storage device 110 is preferably warmed up in preparation for external charging or subsequent vehicle travel. In the present embodiment, warm-up control of power storage device 110 (hereinafter also referred to as battery warm-up control) is performed using electric load 290 connected to the path between external power supply 260 and power storage device 110.
- battery warm-up control is performed using electric load 290 connected to the path between external power supply 260 and power storage device 110.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a control process of battery warm-up control according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- the processing of each step shown in FIG. 4 can be realized by software processing or hardware processing by ECU 300.
- the flowchart shown in FIG. 4 is periodically executed when external power supply 260 is connected to electrically powered vehicle 100 and electrical load 290 is connected to the path between external power supply 260 and power storage device 110.
- ECU 300 determines in step S100 whether or not the battery warm-up is necessary based on temperature TB of power storage device 110. For example, when temperature TB is lower than determination value Tth, it is determined that battery warm-up is necessary.
- ECU 300 turns off the temperature increase control for battery warm-up in step S250 when battery warm-up is unnecessary (NO in S100).
- ECU 300 determines in step S110 whether the temperature raising control has already been executed (turned on). ECU 300 turns on the temperature increase control at step S120 when the temperature increase control has not yet been executed (NO in S110). Thereby, temperature raising control is started.
- step S110 stores SOC of the electrical storage apparatus 110 at the time of temperature rising control start as a SOC reference value (SOCr) in temperature rising control by step S130.
- SOCr SOC reference value
- ECU 300 switches between discharge mode (first state) and charge mode (second state) by the processes of steps S150 to S210 described below when temperature increase control is on (when YES is determined in S110).
- the temperature increase control is performed alternately.
- ECU 300 first determines in step S150 which one of the discharge mode and the charge mode is selected. Note that at the start of temperature increase control, one mode (for example, discharge mode) is fixedly selected in advance.
- ECU 300 compares the current SOC with the SOC lower limit value in the temperature increase control in step S160 when the discharge mode is selected (YES determination in S150).
- This SOC lower limit value is set to a value obtained by subtracting a predetermined value dSOC from the SOC reference value (SOCr) set in step S120.
- the power consumption Pl of the electrical load 290 is ensured with the discharge of the power storage device 110.
- ECU 300 compares the current SOC with the SOC upper limit value in the temperature increase control in step S170.
- the SOC upper limit value is set to a value obtained by adding a predetermined value dSOC to the SOC reference value (SOCr) set in step S120.
- ECU 300 proceeds to steps S200 and S210 to continue the charging mode when the current SOC is lower than the SOC upper limit value in the charging mode (NO in S170).
- the process proceeds to steps S180 and S190 to instruct a transition from the charging mode to the discharging mode.
- step S100 is determined as NO. Thereby, ECU 300 advances the process to step S210 and turns off the temperature increase control. As a result, the temperature increase control is terminated.
- the determination value Tth is preferably provided with hysteresis between the temperature rise control off and the temperature rise control on, that is, between the temperature rise control start determination and end determination. Therefore, when the temperature increase control is started, the determination value Tth is increased more than before the temperature increase control is started.
- FIG. 5 shows an operation waveform example of battery warm-up control according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- temperature increase control is turned off.
- the temperature rise control is turned on.
- the SOC at that time (time t1) is set to the SOC reference value (SOCr) in the temperature increase control.
- the SOC upper limit value (SOCr + dSOC) and the SOC lower limit value (SOCr ⁇ dSOC) in temperature increase control are determined based on SOCr.
- the discharge mode is selected at the start of temperature rise control. Thereby, Pa is output from the external charger 200 with the discharge of the power storage device 110 from time t1. For this reason, the supplied power Psys from the external power supply 260 decreases from Pl to Pl-Pa. In the discharge mode, the SOC of power storage device 110 gradually decreases.
- the temperature rise control is switched from the discharge mode to the charge mode by reducing the SOC to the SOC lower limit value (SOCr-dSOC) in the temperature rise control.
- SOCr-dSOC SOC lower limit value
- the power storage device SOC rises to the SOC upper limit value (SOCr + dSOC) in the temperature increase control, whereby the temperature increase control is switched from the charge mode to the discharge mode. Thereafter, the discharge mode and the charge mode are alternately set as the SOC decreases due to the discharge of the power storage device 110 in the discharge mode and the SOC increases due to the charge of the power storage device 110 in the charge mode. become.
- SOCr + dSOC SOC upper limit value
- the power storage device 110 is repeatedly charged and discharged, so that the temperature TB of the power storage device 110 rises.
- the temperature increase control is turned off.
- power storage device 110 repeats charging and discharging while driving electric load 290, so that the inside of power storage device 110 can be directly warmed by internal heat generation associated with charging and discharging.
- the temperature can be increased efficiently.
- unnecessary power consumption for warm-up control is not generated unlike driving of an electric heater for heating or the like. . Accordingly, power consumption required for increasing the temperature of power storage device 110 can be suppressed, and power storage device 110 can be efficiently warmed up.
- the SOC change range by the temperature rise control can be managed.
- the SOC change range based on the SOC at the start of temperature increase it is possible to prevent the SOC of the power storage device from changing significantly due to the temperature increase control.
- the power (Pa) input / output from the external charger 200 in the temperature rise control is equal to the power consumption Pl of the electric load 290.
- electric power is output from electric vehicle 100 to external power supply 260, that is, reverse power flow with respect to system power is prevented, and charge / discharge power of power storage device 110 is secured to the maximum.
- the temperature rise effect can be enhanced.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the external charger in the power supply device for the electric vehicle according to the modification of the embodiment of the present invention.
- External charger 200 # includes a control circuit 201 #, a charging device 206, and a power generation device 207.
- Charging device 206 converts AC power on power lines ACL1 and ACL2 into DC power for charging power storage device 110.
- the power generation device 207 converts the power (DC power) from the power storage device 110 into AC power equivalent to AC power from the external power supply 260 and outputs the AC power to the power lines ACL1 and ACL2.
- external charger 200 # includes an external charger 200 (FIG. 1) that performs bidirectional AC / DC power conversion, charging device 206 for unidirectional AC / DC power conversion, and unidirectional DC / Equivalent to a power generator 207 for AC power conversion.
- the charging device 206 is obtained by configuring the bridge circuit 112 as a diode bridge without using the power semiconductor switching element in the external charger 200 shown in FIG.
- the power generation device 207 is obtained by configuring the bridge circuit 114 as a diode bridge without using a power semiconductor switching element in the external charger 200 shown in FIG.
- Control circuit 201 # generates control signal PWCH for charging device 206 and control signal PWG for power generation device 207 in accordance with power command value Pout * from ECU 300.
- control signal PWCH or PWG is adjusted according to the deviation between power command value Pout * and detected output power Po.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart for explaining battery warm-up control processing according to a modification of the embodiment of the present invention.
- ECU 300 executes steps S190 # and S210 # instead of steps S190 and S210 of FIG. Since the processing in other steps is the same as in FIG. 4, detailed description will not be repeated.
- the power consumption of electric load 290 is ensured with charging / discharging of power storage device 110, similarly to the configuration shown in FIGS. It is possible to execute battery warm-up control with high efficiency by repeating the discharge mode and the discharge mode.
- an external charger applied to an electric vehicle of a type in which the outlet 230 is not arranged can be configured. Therefore, in the external charger 200 # of FIG. 6, since the degree of sharing of the parts is increased between the electric vehicle having the outlet 230 and the electric vehicle having no outlet 230, the design can be generalized. It is advantageous.
- the configuration after power line PL1 (vehicle traveling system) is not limited to the illustrated configuration. That is, as described above, the present invention can be commonly applied to electric vehicles equipped with an electric motor for generating wheel driving force, such as an electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, and a fuel cell vehicle.
- the external charger 200 will be described in a confirming manner that any circuit configuration can be applied as long as the above-described bidirectional or unidirectional power conversion with power control is possible.
- any circuit configuration can be applied as long as the above-described bidirectional or unidirectional power conversion with power control is possible.
- an insulated external charger using the transformer 117 is illustrated in FIG. 3, a non-insulated circuit configuration may be used.
- the electrical load 290 is connected to the outlet 230, but the application of the present invention is not limited to such a configuration. That is, electric load 290 may be connected to a path between external power supply 260 and power storage device 110 without going through outlet 230.
- an auxiliary machine used at the time of external charging can be used as the electric load 290 for battery warm-up control.
- connection destination of the outlet 230 that is, the connection destination of the electric load 290 is not limited to the power lines ACL1 and ACL2 will be described in a confirming manner. In short, it is possible to realize a configuration in which electric load 290 is electrically connected to a path between external power supply 260 and power storage device 110 so that power can be supplied from both power storage device 110 and external power supply 260.
- the present invention can be applied.
- the present invention can be applied to an electric vehicle equipped with a mechanism capable of charging an in-vehicle power storage device by a power source external to the vehicle.
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Abstract
Description
図2を参照して、PCU120は、コンバータ121と、インバータ122と、平滑コンデンサC1,C2とを含む。
図3を参照して、外部充電器200は、制御回路201と、AC/DC変換器202と、DC/DC変換器204とを含む。
図5を参照して、時刻t1以前では、蓄電装置110の温度TBが、昇温制御の開始判定用の判定値Tth1よりも高いため、昇温制御はオフされている。そして、アウトレット230によって、外部電源260および蓄電装置110の間の経路に接続された電気負荷290の消費電力Plは、外部電源260によって供給される。すなわち、Psys=Plである。
図6は、本発明の実施の形態の変形例による電動車両の電源装置における外部充電器の構成例を示すブロック図である。
Claims (15)
- 車両駆動パワーを発生する電動機(130)に対して入出力される電力を蓄積するための蓄電装置(110)と、
外部充電時に外部電源(260)と接続される電力線(ACL1,ACL2)と、
前記電力線の交流電力と前記蓄電装置に入出力される直流電力との間で双方向の電力変換を実行するための電力変換器(200)と、
前記外部電源および前記蓄電装置の間の経路に電気負荷(290)を接続するための接続ノード(230)と、
前記電力変換器によって前記蓄電装置に入出力される直流電力を制御するための制御装置(300)とを備え、
前記制御装置は、前記外部電源が前記電力線に接続され、かつ、前記外部電源および前記蓄電装置の間の経路に前記電気負荷が接続されている場合に、前記蓄電装置の温度(TB)が所定温度(Tth1,Tth2)より低いときには、前記蓄電装置の放電を伴って前記電気負荷の消費電力(Pl)が確保されるように前記電力変換器を制御する第1の状態と、前記蓄電装置の充電を伴って前記電気負荷の消費電力が確保されるように前記電力変換器を制御する第2の状態とを交互に生じさせる昇温制御を実行するように構成される、電動車両の電源装置。 - 前記制御装置(300)は、前記蓄電装置の充電状態に応じて、前記第1の状態から前記第2の状態への遷移、および、前記第2の状態から前記第1の状態への遷移を制御する、請求の範囲第1項に記載の電動車両の電源装置。
- 前記制御装置(300)は、前記第1の状態では、前記昇温制御の開始時点におけるSOCよりも低い第1の判定値までSOCが低下すると前記第2の状態への遷移を指示するとともに、前記第2の状態では、前記昇温制御の開始時点におけるSOCよりも高い第2の判定値までSOCが上昇すると前記第1の状態への遷移を指示する、請求の範囲第2項に記載の電動車両の電源装置。
- 前記制御装置(300)は、前記第1の状態における前記蓄電装置からの放電電力が前記電気負荷(290)の消費電力(Pl)と同等となるように、前記電力変換器(200)を制御する、請求の範囲第1項に記載の電動車両の電源装置。
- 前記電力変換器(200)は、
前記電力線の前記交流電力を、前記蓄電装置を充電する前記直流電力に変換するための充電装置(206)と、
前記蓄電装置からの前記直流電力を前記交流電力に変換して前記電力線に出力するための発電装置(207)とを含み、
前記制御装置(300)は、前記第1の状態では前記発電装置を作動する一方で前記充電装置を停止し、前記第2の状態では前記充電装置を作動する一方で前記発電装置を停止する、請求の範囲第1項に記載の電動車両の電源装置。 - 前記接続ノードは、前記電力線に前記電気負荷(290)を接続するためのアウトレット(230)によって構成される、請求の範囲第1項~第5項のいずれか1項に記載の電動車両の電源装置。
- 車両駆動パワーを発生するための電動機(130)と、
前記電動機に対して入出力される電力を蓄積するための蓄電装置(110)と、
外部充電時に外部電源(260)と接続される電力線(ACL1,ACL2)と、
前記電力線の交流電力と前記蓄電装置に入出力される直流電力との間で双方向の電力変換を実行するための電力変換器(200)と、
前記外部電源および前記蓄電装置の間の経路に電気負荷(290)を接続するための接続ノード(230)と、
前記電力変換器によって前記蓄電装置に入出力される直流電力を制御するための制御装置(300)とを備え、
前記制御装置は、前記外部電源が前記電力線に接続され、かつ、前記外部電源および前記蓄電装置の間の経路に前記電気負荷が接続されている場合に、前記蓄電装置の温度(TB)が所定温度(Tth1,Tth2)より低いときには、前記蓄電装置の放電を伴って前記電気負荷の消費電力(Pl)が確保されるように前記電力変換器を制御する第1の状態と、前記蓄電装置の充電を伴って前記電気負荷の消費電力が確保されるように前記電力変換器を制御する第2の状態とを交互に生じさせる昇温制御を実行するように構成される、電動車両。 - 前記制御装置(300)は、前記第1の状態における前記蓄電装置からの放電電力が前記電気負荷(290)の消費電力(Pl)と同等となるように、前記電力変換器(200)を制御する、請求の範囲第7項に記載の電動車両。
- 前記電力変換器(200)は、
前記電力線の前記交流電力を、前記蓄電装置を充電する前記直流電力に変換するための充電装置(206)と、
前記蓄電装置からの前記直流電力を前記交流電力に変換して前記電力線に出力するための発電装置(207)とを含み、
前記制御装置(300)は、前記第1の状態では前記発電装置を作動する一方で前記発電装置を停止し、前記第2の状態では前記充電装置を作動する一方で前記発電装置を停止する、請求の範囲第7項に記載の電動車両。 - 前記接続ノードは、前記電力線に前記電気負荷(290)を接続するためのアウトレット(230)によって構成される、請求の範囲第7項~第9項のいずれか1項に記載の電動車両。
- 車両駆動パワーを発生する電動機(130)を搭載した電動車両の電源装置の制御方法であって、
前記電源装置は、
前記電動機(130)に対して入出力される電力を蓄積するための蓄電装置(110)と、
外部充電時に外部電源(260)と接続される電力線(ACL1,ACL2)と、
前記電力線の交流電力と前記蓄電装置に入出力される直流電力との間で双方向の電力変換を実行するための電力変換器(200)と、
前記外部電源および前記蓄電装置の間の経路に電気負荷(290)を接続するための接続ノード(230)とを備え、
前記制御方法は、
前記外部電源が前記電力線に接続され、かつ、前記外部電源および前記蓄電装置の間の経路に前記電気負荷が接続されている場合に、前記蓄電装置の温度(TB)に基づいて前記蓄電装置の昇温制御の要否を判定するステップ(S100)と、
前記昇温制御が必要と判定されたときに、前記蓄電装置の放電を伴って前記電気負荷の消費電力(Pl)が確保されるように前記電力変換器を制御する第1の状態と、前記蓄電装置の充電を伴って前記電気負荷の消費電力が確保されるように前記電力変換器を制御する第2の状態とを交互に生じさせることによって前記昇温制御を実行するステップ(S150-S210)とを備える、電動車両の電源装置の制御方法。 - 前記実行するステップは、
前記蓄電装置の充電状態に応じて、前記第1の状態から前記第2の状態への遷移、および、前記第2の状態から前記第1の状態への遷移を制御するステップ(S160,S170)を含む、請求の範囲第11項に記載の電動車両の電源装置の制御方法。 - 前記制御するステップは、
前記第1の状態において、前記昇温制御の開始時点におけるSOCよりも低い第1の判定値までSOCが低下すると前記第2の状態への遷移を指示するステップ(S160)と、
前記第2の状態において、前記昇温制御の開始時点におけるSOCよりも高い第2の判定値までSOCが上昇すると前記第1の状態への遷移を指示するステップ(S170)とを有する、請求の範囲第12項に記載の電動車両の電源装置の制御方法。 - 前記実行するステップは、
前記第1の状態における前記蓄電装置からの放電電力が前記電気負荷(290)の消費電力(Pl)と同等となるように前記電力変換器(200)を制御するステップ(S190)を含む、請求の範囲第11項に記載の電動車両の電源装置の制御方法。 - 前記電力変換器(200)は、
前記電力線の前記交流電力を、前記蓄電装置を充電する前記直流電力に変換するための充電装置(206)と、
前記蓄電装置からの前記直流電力を前記交流電力に変換して前記電力線に出力するための発電装置(207)とを含み、
前記実行するステップは、
前記第1の状態において、前記発電装置を作動する一方で前記充電装置を停止するステップ(S190♯)と、
前記第2の状態において、前記充電装置を作動する一方で前記発電装置を停止するステップ(S210♯)とを有する、請求の範囲第11項に記載の電動車両の電源装置の制御方法。
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JP2018139167A (ja) * | 2017-02-24 | 2018-09-06 | 株式会社日本製鋼所 | 出力変換装置、電源装置および制御方法 |
JP7418556B2 (ja) | 2021-01-28 | 2024-01-19 | 寧徳時代新能源科技股▲分▼有限公司 | 充電方法、駆動用バッテリーのバッテリー管理システム及び充電ポスト |
JP7444985B2 (ja) | 2022-01-14 | 2024-03-06 | 寧徳時代新能源科技股▲分▼有限公司 | Dc/dc変換回路、パワーユニット、充電スタンド及び充放電加熱方法 |
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CN103189230B (zh) | 2015-04-22 |
EP2634035A4 (en) | 2015-05-20 |
JP5454701B2 (ja) | 2014-03-26 |
US20130249495A1 (en) | 2013-09-26 |
CN103189230A (zh) | 2013-07-03 |
JPWO2012056543A1 (ja) | 2014-03-20 |
EP2634035A1 (en) | 2013-09-04 |
EP2634035B1 (en) | 2018-05-16 |
US8847544B2 (en) | 2014-09-30 |
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