WO2012051826A1 - 一种苯同系物空气氧化过程尾气的治理工艺 - Google Patents
一种苯同系物空气氧化过程尾气的治理工艺 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012051826A1 WO2012051826A1 PCT/CN2011/071710 CN2011071710W WO2012051826A1 WO 2012051826 A1 WO2012051826 A1 WO 2012051826A1 CN 2011071710 W CN2011071710 W CN 2011071710W WO 2012051826 A1 WO2012051826 A1 WO 2012051826A1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G5/00—Profiting from waste heat of combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
- F02G5/02—Profiting from waste heat of exhaust gases
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
- B01D3/007—Energy recuperation; Heat pumps
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
- B01D3/06—Flash distillation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/002—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by condensation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/16—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by oxidation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/70—Organic compounds not provided for in groups B01D2257/00 - B01D2257/602
Definitions
- the invention relates to a green treatment process for tail gas of a benzene homologue in an air oxidation process.
- Aromatic acids/acids are an important class of chemical raw materials with strong heat resistance.
- Hydrolysis resistance is increasing in demand in industries such as pharmaceuticals, flavors and fragrances, plastics, polyesters, specialty fibers, and coatings.
- homologues of air-oxidized benzene such as toluene, xylene, etc.
- the tail gas of the oxidation process is the main source of pollution for such devices.
- the oxidation reaction requires a certain pressure and a higher temperature, and the other written hydrocarbon oxidation reaction will release different heat, so the temperature of the exhaust gas released is higher, about 120 ⁇ 280 ° C.
- the exhaust gas in the oxidation process also has a corresponding pressure when it is released, which is about 0.3 ⁇ 2.8Mpa.
- the oxidation process tail gas must carry reactants, solvents and product components of varying contents, so it must be captured before it is discharged into the atmosphere, and the exhaust gas can reach the standard before it can be discharged.
- most of the processes for treating the tail gas of the oxidation process are first condensed and collected by a condenser, and then the residual organic components are removed by wet or dry absorption (attachment), and then the atmosphere is discharged.
- the condensation operation of most production units is not chilled with chilled liquid, but cooling water is used directly as refrigerant. Therefore, the temperature of the exhaust gas after cooling is still as high as 50 to 100 ° C, so that the residual organic matter content is still high. This adds to the difficulty of the wet or dry absorption (attachment) section. In particular, a dry process such as activated carbon adsorption is used. If the organic content of the exhaust gas is high, the adsorbent bed will quickly saturate. Therefore, the bed has to be regenerated frequently. This not only consumes a lot of energy, but also causes secondary pollution and waste of organic resources during regeneration.
- the object of the present invention is to solve the defects of the prior art in the tail gas recovery process of the benzene homologue air oxidation process, and provide a "green treatment process for the tail gas of the benzene homologue air oxidation process" to separate and recover the tail of the air oxidation reaction.
- the organic components in the gas while fully utilizing the heat and pressure energy in the exhaust gas, achieve the purpose of energy saving and environmental protection.
- the green treatment process of the tail gas in the air oxidation process of the benzene homologue proposed by the present invention is composed of two stages of driving phase and continuous normal operation.
- the driving phase first add the reaction material, solvent (if necessary) to the reactor R-01 according to the process requirements, and then heat the catalyst to the desired temperature.
- Air is introduced into the air and controlled at the set flow rate.
- the driving phase is transferred to the continuous normal operation phase.
- the high-temperature pressurized oxidation process gas released from the reactor R-01 is first introduced into the low- and medium-pressure pneumatic turbine refrigerator TM-01 of the present invention through the valve V-01 and the corresponding pipe.
- turbo refrigerator The working principle of the turbo refrigerator TM-01 is: under the driving of the high-temperature pressurized oxidation process, the turbine rotates to drive the refrigeration compressor (essentially a conventional refrigerator, except that the driving device is not a normal motor or an internal combustion engine). Instead, it is working and cooling.
- the cooling capacity is circulated to the condenser (or cold trap) in the process as a cooling medium through a refrigerant (salt or glycol), and the refrigerant passes through the refrigerant.
- Circulating pump P-01 provides power to form a loop between the condenser (or cold trap) and the turbo refrigerator TM-01 for condensing the light components of the capture flash tower FT-01 and the oxidation process tail gas Organic matter.
- the exhaust gas of the oxidation process after cooling and depressurization When the exhaust gas of the oxidation process after cooling and depressurization is output from the turbo refrigerator TM-01, it first enters the gas-liquid separator S-01 for gas-liquid separation, and the gas phase is introduced into the flash through the top pipe of the gas-liquid separator S-01.
- the coil H-01 (or other type of heat exchanger) in the lower part of the tower FT-01 continues to exchange heat, providing part of the heat for the flashing process of the flash tower FT-01 (the insufficient portion of the heat required for the flashing process may be
- a raw steam of heat exchanger H-02 is provided by heating, and the exhaust gas is continuously cooled and decompressed.
- the condensed liquid phase is collected in a gas-liquid separator S-01 and sent to a flash column FT-01 through a valve V-02 and a pipe for flashing to separate the light and heavy components.
- the exhaust gas is sent to the heat exchanger H-03 through the residual pressure, and the raw material before the reactor R-01 is preheated, and the heat of the exhaust gas is further utilized; subsequently, the exhaust gas enters the cold trap CS-02.
- the refrigerant is cooled, and most of the organic components entrained therein are condensed and collected, and the collected liquid can be periodically sent to the fine system D-01 for separation and recovery through the pump P-03.
- the oxidized off-gas from the condensed process is sent to the wet scrubbing absorption system W-01 through the top of the cold trap CS-02 to further remove the organic components contained therein and bring it to discharge standards. After that, the exhaust gas can be removed from the wet scrubbing absorption system W-01 and discharged to the atmosphere through the corresponding pipes. At this time, there is no noise pollution, no organic matter exceeds the standard, and the energy is Recycling can be described as multiple benefits.
- the cooling capacity produced by the turbo refrigerator TM-01 is transported by the refrigerant circulation pump P-01, first entering the flash evaporator FT-01 top condenser CS-01 heat exchange (so that the flash vapor phase can be obtained Condensation into a liquid, which will be sent to the fine boring system for separation and purification), then enter the tail gas cold well CS-02 for heat exchange, then recirculate to the turbo refrigerator TM-01 to continue to obtain cooling and cooling, and carry out Next cycle.
- a green treatment process for tail gas of benzene homologue air oxidation process which mainly comprises the following steps: Step 1. According to the process requirement, adding benzene reaction raw material, solvent (if needed) and catalyst to reactor R-01; And heating to the process set temperature and pressure; a set flow of purified compressed air is bubbled into the reactor R-01 through the air compression system AC-01;
- Step 2 When the pressure in reactor R-01 reaches the set value, the reaction begins and the exhaust gas outlet valve at the top of reactor R-01 is slowly opened to control the exhaust gas flow to maintain the required pressure in reactor R-01. Operating pressure; the product formed by the reaction and a part of the intermediate product, the solvent and the unreacted raw material are sent to the flash column FT-01 by the pump P-02 for flash separation; the high-temperature pressurized tail gas at the top outlet of the reactor R-01 enters through The plane TM-01 performs work and drives the cooling mechanism to take the cooling capacity;
- Step 3 After the high-temperature pressurized exhaust gas is used to make the cooling capacity in the turbine refrigerator TM-01, first enter the gas-liquid separator S-01, and most of the organic matter will be condensed and collected in the lower part of the separator, and It is separated by the corresponding valve and pipeline to the flash tower FT-01; the uncondensed gas phase is sent to the bottom of the flash tower FT-01 heating coil H-01 through the top pipe of the separator S-01.
- the steaming tower FT-01 provides a part of the heat required for flashing, and the insufficient heat is supplemented by fresh steam heating; the gas phase is sent out from the bottom heating coil H-01 of the flashing tower FT-01, and then transferred to the heat exchanger through the pipeline.
- Heater H-03 heats the reaction material and further utilizes the waste heat of the exhaust gas;
- the cooling capacity prepared by the turbo refrigerator is sent to the condenser CS-01 by the pump under the action of the pump P-01 to condense the gas phase at the top outlet of the flash tower FT-01; the liquid phase obtained by condensation passes through the pipeline 23 It is sent to the fine separation system for separation; the refrigerant output from the condenser CS-01 is sent to the cold trap CS-02, and is cooled down from the heat exchanger H-03 outlet to the cold trap CS-02. Oxidizing exhaust gas to capture organic matter therein;
- the order of the above refrigerant into the condenser CS-01 and the cold trap CS-02 can be adjusted, that is, after entering the cold trap CS-02 heat exchange, and then entering the condenser CS-01 heat exchange, thus, entering the cold
- the trapping effect of organic matter in the oxidation tail gas of trap CS-02 is better;
- Step 4 From the exhaust gas at the outlet of heat exchanger H-03, the temperature has dropped to near normal temperature, and the residual heat has been fully utilized. It is transported through conduit 12 to the cold trap CS-02 and is cooled to a temperature below 10 °C by the refrigerant. The vast majority (>99%) The organic matter has been collected by condensation, and the condensate is sent to the fine separation system. Subsequently, the gas phase containing only traces of organic matter is sent to the water absorption washing system W-01 through the top outlet of the cold trap CS-02 to further remove the organic matter. Residues of organic matter, and meet environmental emission standards, discharged to the atmosphere;
- Step 5 The heat exchanged refrigerant is circulated from the outlet of the cold trap CS-02 back to the turbine refrigerator TM-01 to regain the cooling capacity for the next cycle.
- the green treatment process of the exhaust gas in the above air oxidation process is characterized in that: the above process of utilizing pressure energy refrigeration is to introduce the exhaust gas with high temperature pressure after the oxidation reaction into an special turbine refrigerator, and the turbine is in the exhaust gas with pressure.
- the rotation of the drive drives the chiller to work, thereby producing a cooling capacity.
- the invention is based on the current situation of tail gas pollution and resource waste in the air oxidation process of benzene homologues in the industry, and designs a novel and practical exhaust gas treatment process. It has the following distinct advantages:
- Figure 1 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention. among them:
- CS-OK CS-02 is a cold trap
- D-01 is a fine boring system
- FT-01 is a flash tower
- H-01, H-02 are heating coils
- H-03 is a heat exchanger
- P-01, P-02, P-03 are pumps
- R-01 is the reactor
- S-01 is the gas-liquid separator
- TM-01 is the turbine
- V-01, V-02 is the valve
- W-01 is the water absorption Washing tower system
- 1-25 is the pipeline.
- the refrigerant is sent to the cold traps CS-01 and CS-02 to condense the top vapor phase of the flash tower FT-01 and the exhaust gas after the H-03 heat exchange, and then pass through the circulation pump P-01 in the cold trap and TM-01.
- a loop is formed between the loops.
- the temperature of the refrigerant can be set between -15 °C and 10 °C, and can be lower if necessary.
- the oxidation reaction tail gas is sent from the top outlet of the gas-liquid separator S-01 through the pipe 9 to the heating coil H-01 in the lower part of the flashing tower FT-01 to provide partial heat to the flash tower, and the total heat required for the flash tower is insufficient. Part of it may be provided by raw steam in heat exchanger H-02.
- the H-01 outlet off-gas is sent to the H-03 as a reaction raw material to be preheated by the residual pressure to further utilize the heat of the exhaust gas.
- the near-normal temperature exhaust gas exiting the heat exchanger H-03 enters the cold trap CS-02 and can be cooled to 0-5 °C by freezing brine (lower or higher if necessary).
- more than 99% of the toluene raw material and the intermediate (benzaldehyde) in the exhaust gas are condensed and collected, and the collected liquid is periodically sent to the fine boring system D-01 for separation and recovery by the pump P-03.
- the cryogenically treated off-gas is then sent to a water absorption scrubber system W-01 to further remove traces of organics (primarily low boiling solvents).
- Example 2 the exhaust gas can be discharged to the atmosphere.
- the absorption washing water in the water absorption scrubber system W-01 can be periodically discharged to the biochemical pool for centralized treatment.
- the final exhaust gas is reduced by 80% compared to the current process exhaust, and the pressure and heat utilization are increased by 70%.
- a loop is formed between the TM-01 and the TM-01.
- the temperature of the refrigerant can be set between -15 ° C and 10 ° C, and can be lower if necessary.
- the oxidation reaction tail gas is sent from the top outlet of S-01 through the pipeline 9 to the heating coil H-01 in the lower part of the flashing tower FT-01 to provide partial heat for the flash tower, and the total heat required for the flash tower is insufficient for heat exchange.
- the raw steam in the H-02 is provided. Then, the H-01 outlet off-gas is sent to the heat exchanger H-03 through the residual pressure to preheat the raw material, and the heat of the exhaust gas is further utilized.
- the near-normal temperature tail gas from the H-03 outlet enters the cold trap CS-02 and can be cooled to 0-5 ° C by freezing brine (lower or higher if necessary).
- more than 99% of the p-xylene raw materials and intermediates (p-carboxybenzaldehyde, p-methylbenzoic acid) in the exhaust gas are condensed and collected, and the collected liquid is periodically sent to the fine boring system D-01 by the pump P-03. Recycling.
- the cryogenically treated off-gas is then sent to a water absorption scrubber system W-01 to further remove traces of organics therefrom.
- the exhaust gas can be discharged to the atmosphere.
- the absorption washing water in the water absorption scrubber system W-01 can be periodically discharged to the biochemical pool for centralized treatment.
- the final exhaust gas is reduced by 80% compared to the current process exhaust, and the pressure and heat utilization are increased by 70%.
- 40 kg / h mainly contains the product trimellitic acid, solvent and a small amount of intermediate 1,2-dimethylbenzaldehyde, 1, 4-dimethylbenzaldehyde, 1,2-dimethylbenzoic acid, 1,
- the 4-dimethylbenzoic acid and unreacted meta-xylene materials were flash separated by transfer pump P-02 and line 5 to flash column FT-01, while the high temperature pressurized oxidation reaction tail gas was passed from the top of the reactor.
- the pipeline enters the turbine TM-01 (KAPITSAT7.5, JSC Cryogenic Machinery Co., Ltd.) and drives the chiller (S241K, Qdrive) to do the work cooling.
- the obtained cooling capacity is delivered to the cold trap CS-01 and CS- through the refrigerant. 02, to condense the top vapor phase of the flash tower FT-01 and the exhaust gas after the H-03 heat exchange, and then form a loop between the cold trap and the TM-01 through the circulation pump P-01.
- the temperature of the refrigerant can be set between -15 ° C and 10 ° C, and can be lower if necessary.
- the oxidation reaction tail gas is sent from the top outlet of S-01 through the pipeline 9 to the heating coil H-01 in the lower part of the flashing tower FT-01 to provide partial heat for the flash tower, and the total heat required for the flash tower is insufficient for heat exchange.
- the raw steam in the H-02 is provided.
- the H-01 outlet tail gas is sent to the heat exchanger H-03 through the residual pressure to preheat the raw material to trimethylbenzene, and the heat of the exhaust gas is further utilized.
- the near-normal temperature tail gas from the H-03 outlet enters the cold trap CS-02 and can be cooled to 0_5 ° C by freezing brine (lower or higher if necessary).
- more than 99% of the trimethylbenzene and the intermediate in the exhaust gas (1,2-dimethylbenzaldehyde, 1, 4-dimethylbenzaldehyde, 1,2-dimethylbenzoic acid, 1, 4- Dimethylbenzoic acid) is condensed and collected, and the collected liquid is periodically passed through pump P-03 Send to the fine system D-01 for separation and recovery.
- the cryogenically treated off-gas is then sent to a water absorption scrubber system W-01 to further remove traces of organics therefrom.
- the exhaust gas can be discharged to the atmosphere.
- the absorption washing water in the water absorption scrubber system W-01 can be periodically discharged to the biochemical pool for centralized treatment.
- the final exhaust gas is reduced by 80% compared to the current process exhaust, and the pressure and heat utilization are increased by 70%.
- Tower FT-01 is flash separated, and the high temperature pressurized oxidation reaction tail gas is piped from the top of the reactor into the turbine TM-01 (KAPITSAT 7.5, JSC Cryogenic Machinery) and drives the chiller (S241K, Qdrive)
- the work is cooled, and the obtained cooling amount is sent to the cold traps CS-01 and CS-02 through the refrigerant to condense the vapor phase of the top of the flash tower FT-01 and the exhaust gas after the H-03 heat exchange, and then pass through the circulation pump P.
- -01 forms a loop between the cold trap and TM-01.
- the temperature of the refrigerant can be set between -15 °C and 10 °C, and can be lower if necessary.
- the oxidation reaction tail gas is sent from the top outlet of S-01 through the pipeline 9 to the heating coil H-01 in the lower part of the flashing tower FT-01 to provide partial heat for the flash tower, and the total heat required for the flash tower is insufficient for heat exchange.
- the raw steam in the H-02 is provided.
- the H-01 outlet tail gas is sent to the heat exchanger H-03 through the residual pressure to preheat the raw material fluorotoluene, and the heat of the exhaust gas is further utilized.
- the near-normal temperature tail gas from the H-03 outlet enters the cold trap CS-02 and can be cooled to 0-5 ° C by freezing brine (lower or higher if necessary).
- the flash separation is carried out, and the high-temperature pressurized oxidation reaction tail gas enters the turbine TM-01 (KAPITSAT7.5, JSC cryogenic machinery company) from the top of the reactor through the pipeline and drives the refrigeration machine (S241K, Qdrive) to do the work cooling.
- the obtained cooling capacity is sent to the cold traps CS-01 and CS-02 through the refrigerant to condense the top vapor phase of the flash tower FT-01 and the tail gas after heat exchange by H-03, and then pass through the circulating pump P-01 in the cold.
- a loop is formed between the well and the TM-01.
- the temperature of the refrigerant can be set between -15 ° C and 10 ° C, and can be lower if necessary.
- the oxidation reaction tail gas is sent from the top outlet of S-01 through the pipeline 9 to the heating coil H-01 in the lower part of the flashing tower FT-01 to provide partial heat to the flash tower, and the total heat required for the flash tower is insufficient.
- the raw steam in the H-02 is provided.
- the H-01 outlet tail gas is sent to the heat exchanger H-03 through the residual pressure to preheat the raw material xylene, and the heat of the exhaust gas is further utilized.
- the near-normal temperature tail gas from the H-03 outlet enters the cold trap CS-02 and can be cooled to 0-5 ° C by chilled brine (lower or higher if necessary).
- 33kg/h mainly contains the product terephthalic acid, solvent and a small amount of intermediates such as p-methylbenzaldehyde, p-methylbenzoic acid, terephthalaldehyde and unreacted para-xylene through the transfer pump P-02 and Pipeline 5 to flash column FT-01 for flash separation, and high temperature pressurized oxidation reaction tail gas from the top of the reactor through the pipeline into the turbine TM-01 (KAPITSAT 7.5, JSC cryogenic machinery company) and drive the refrigerator (S241K, Qdrive) The work is cooled, and the produced cold is delivered to the cold traps CS-01 and CS-02 through the refrigerant to condense the vapor phase of the top of the flash tower FT-01 and the tail gas after H-03 heat exchange.
- intermediates such as p-methylbenzaldehyde, p-methylbenzoic acid, terephthalaldehyde and unreacted para-xylene
- a loop loop is then formed between the cold trap and the TM-01 by the circulation pump P-01.
- the temperature of the refrigerant can be set between -15 ° C and 10 ° C, and can be lower if necessary.
- the oxidation reaction tail gas is sent from the top outlet of S-01 through the pipeline 9 to the heating coil H-01 in the lower part of the flashing tower FT-01 to provide partial heat for the flash tower, and the total heat required for the flash tower is insufficient for heat exchange.
- the raw steam in the H-02 is provided. Then, the H-01 outlet off-gas is sent to the heat exchanger H-03 through the residual pressure to preheat the raw material, and the heat of the exhaust gas is further utilized.
- the near-normal temperature tail gas from the H-03 outlet enters the cold trap CS-02 and can be cooled to 0-5 ° C by freezing brine (lower or higher if necessary).
- more than 99% of the para-xylene and intermediates (p-methylbenzaldehyde, p-methylbenzoic acid, terephthalaldehyde) in the exhaust gas are condensed and collected, and the collected liquid is periodically sent to the fine boring pump P-03.
- System D-01 is separated and recovered.
- the cryogenically treated off-gas is then sent to a water absorption scrubber system W-01 to further remove traces of organics therefrom.
- the exhaust gas can be discharged to the atmosphere.
- the absorption washing wastewater in the water absorption scrubber system W-01 can be periodically discharged to the biochemical pool for centralized treatment.
- the final exhaust gas is reduced by 80% compared to the current process exhaust, and the pressure and heat utilization are increased by 70%.
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Description
一种苯同系物空气氧化过程尾气的治理工艺 发明领域
本发明涉及一种苯同系物空气氧化过程尾气的绿色治理工艺。 背景技术
芳香酸 /酸(如苯甲醛、对苯二甲酸等)是一类重要的化工原料,具有较强的耐热性、 说
耐水解性, 在医药、 香精香料、 塑料、 聚酯、 特种纤维、 涂料等行业中的需求量日益增 大。 工业上普遍采用空气氧化苯的同系物(如甲苯、 二甲苯等)生产芳香酸 /酸, 主要分 为氧化和精熘两段工艺。 在生产过程中, 氧化过程的尾气是该类装置的主要污染源。 一 方面氧化反应需要一定的压力和较高温度, 另一方书面烃类氧化反应都会放出不同的热 量, 故而释放出的尾气温度较高, 约为 120〜280°C ; 同时, 由于多数反应器为加压操作, 故氧化过程尾气在释放时也具有相应的压力, 约为 0.3〜2.8Mpa不等。 在此压力和温度 条件下, 氧化过程尾气中必然携带着含量不等的反应物、 溶剂和产物组分, 因此在排放 大气之前必须将其捕集, 并使废气达标后才能排放。 目前, 大多数处理氧化过程尾气的 工艺是先经冷凝器冷凝捕集,再通过湿法或干法吸收(附)除去其中的残余的有机组分, 然后再排放大气。 出于节能方面的考虑, 大多数生产单位的冷凝操作并非采用冷冻液冷 凝, 而是直接采用冷却水作为冷媒。 因此, 冷却后的尾气温度仍高达 50〜100°C, 这样 残留其中的有机物含量仍然较高。 如此就给湿法或干法吸收(附)工段增添了难度。 特 别是采用像活性炭吸附这样的干法, 若尾气中有机物含量较高, 吸附床层将很快饱和。 从而不得不频繁地对床层进行再生。 这样不仅能耗高, 而且再生时又会造成二次污染和 有机物资源的浪费。
另一方面, 由于氧化过程尾气带有相应的压力,若直接排向大气既会引起噪声污染, 又会造成有用的压力能的损失。
因此, 传统的 (芳) 烃类空气氧化过程的尾气处理工艺必须加以改进。 发明内容
本发明的目的是解决现有苯同系物空气氧化过程尾气回收工艺中技术的缺陷,提供 "一种苯同系物空气氧化过程尾气的绿色治理工艺", 以分离并回收该空气氧化反应尾
气中的有机组分, 同时对尾气中的热能和压力能加以充分利用, 达到既节能又环保的目 的。
本发明提出的苯同系物空气氧化过程尾气的绿色治理工艺, 如附图 1所示, 它由开 车阶段和连续正常操作两个阶段所组成。 在开车阶段, 首先按工艺要求向反应器 R-01 中加入反应物料、 溶剂 (若需要的话), 催化剂, 然后加热至所需温度, 此时通过空气 压缩系统 AC-01 向反应器 R-01中通入空气并控制在设定的流量。 当反应器 R-01 内压 力达到设定压力后, 开启反应器 R-01顶部尾气阀门 V-01并控制在设定的流量, 以维持 反应器 R-01 内正常操作压力。 此时, 开车阶段即转入连续正常操作阶段。 在此阶段, 从反应器 R-01释放出的高温带压的氧化过程尾气首先通过阀门 V-01和相应管道被引入 本发明专备的一台低中压气动透平式制冷机 TM-01 (以下简称透平制冷机)。 该透平制 冷机 TM-01 的工作原理是: 在高温带压的氧化过程尾气驱动下, 透平机旋转带动制冷 压缩机(实质是常规制冷机,只不过其驱动装置不是平常的电机或内燃机,而是透平机) 工作并进行制冷, 制得的冷量通过冷媒(盐水或乙二醇等)循环输送给流程中的冷凝器 (或冷阱) 作为冷却介质使用, 而冷媒则通过冷媒循环泵 P-01提供动力在冷凝器 (或 冷阱) 与透平制冷机 TM-01之间形成回路循环, 用以冷凝捕集闪蒸塔 FT-01顶的轻组 分和氧化过程尾气中的有机物。
高温带压的氧化过程尾气在透平制冷机 TM-01 中释放能量做功之后, 其温度压力 都得以大幅度下降。 通常情况, 温度下降 40%〜50%, 压力下降 50%〜90%。
当降温降压后的氧化过程尾气从透平制冷机 TM-01输出后, 首先进入气液分离器 S-01进行气液分离, 气相通过气液分离器 S-01顶部管道被引入到闪蒸塔 FT-01下部的 盘管 H-01 (或其它型式的换热器) 继续换热,为闪蒸塔 FT-01的闪蒸过程提供部分热量 (闪蒸过程所需热量的不足部分可由另一换热器 H-02的生蒸汽加热提供),并使该尾气 继续降温减压。 而冷凝下来的液相则被收集在气液分离器 S-01中, 并通过阀门 V-02和 管道输送至闪蒸塔 FT-01中进行闪蒸, 以实现轻重组分的分离。 降温减压后的氧化过程 尾气通过余压输送至换热器 H-03 , 为进反应器 R-01前的原料预热, 进一步利用尾气的 热量; 随后, 尾气进入冷阱 CS-02中被冷媒冷却, 将其中夹带的有机组分绝大部分冷凝 并收集, 收集液则可定期通过泵 P-03送至精熘系统 D-01分离回收。经冷凝处理后的氧 化过程尾气通过冷阱 CS-02顶部被送去湿法洗涤吸收系统 W-01,以进一步清除其中夹杂 的有机组分, 并使其达到排放标准。 之后, 尾气即可脱离湿法洗涤吸收系统 W-01 , 通 过相应管道排向大气。 此时的排放, 既无噪声污染, 又无有机物超标, 其中的能量又得
以回收利用, 可谓多重收益。
由透平制冷机 TM-01制得的冷量, 通过冷媒循环泵 P-01将冷媒输送, 首先进入闪 蒸塔 FT-01顶部冷凝器 CS-01换热(以使闪蒸的汽相得以冷凝为液体, 该液体将被送入 精熘系统进行分离提纯), 再进入尾气冷井 CS-02进行换热, 之后再循环至透平制冷机 TM-01内继续获取冷量降温, 并进行下次循环。
该工艺的技术方案如下:
一种苯同系物空气氧化过程尾气的绿色治理工艺, 它主要包括以下步骤: 步骤 1. 按照工艺要求, 向反应器 R-01中加入苯系反应原料、 溶剂(如果需要)和 催化剂; 同时混合和加热至工艺设定的温度和压力; 通过空气压缩系统 AC-01 向反应 器 R-01中鼓入设定流量的已净化过的压缩空气;
步骤 2. 当反应器 R-01 内的压力到达设定值后, 反应开始, 缓缓开启反应器 R-01 顶部的尾气出口阀门, 控制尾气流量, 以维持反应器 R-01 内所需的操作压力; 反应生 成的产物和部分中间产物、 溶剂以及未反应的原料通过泵 P-02输送至闪蒸塔 FT-01进 行闪蒸分离; 反应器 R-01顶部出口的高温带压尾气进入透平机 TM-01做功并带动制冷 机制取冷量;
步骤 3. 高温带压尾气在透平机制冷机 TM-01中做功制取冷量后, 首先进入气液分 离器 S-01 , 其中的大部分有机物将被冷凝并收集在分离器下部, 并通过相应的阀门和 管道输送至闪蒸塔 FT-01进行分离; 而未被冷凝的气相则通过分离器 S-01顶部管道送 至闪蒸塔 FT-01底部加热盘管 H-01 ,为闪蒸塔 FT-01提供闪蒸所需的部分热量,热量不 足的部分由新鲜蒸汽加热补充; 气相从闪蒸塔 FT-01的底部加热盘管 H-01出来后, 再 通过管道输送至换热器 H-03为反应原料加热, 进一步利用尾气的余热;
同时, 透平制冷机制备的冷量通过冷媒在泵 P-01 的作用下输送给冷凝器 CS-01 , 以冷凝闪蒸塔 FT-01顶部出口的气相; 冷凝得到的液相则通过管道 23被输送至精熘系 统分离; 从冷凝器 CS-01输出的冷媒再被送入冷阱 CS-02, 以深冷从换热器 H-03出口 进入冷阱 CS-02的已被降温降压的氧化尾气, 捕集其中有机物;
必要时,可以调整上述冷媒进入冷凝器 CS-01和冷阱 CS-02的顺序, 即可以先进入 冷阱 CS-02换热后, 再进入冷凝器 CS-01换热, 这样, 对进入冷阱 CS-02的氧化尾气 中有机物的捕集效果会更好;
步骤 4. 从换热器 H-03出口的尾气, 温度已降至接近常温, 余热已得到充分利用, 通过管道 12输送至冷阱 CS-02被冷媒深冷却至 10°C以下,如此其中的绝大部分 (>99%)
的有机物已被冷凝收集, 冷凝液则被送至精熘系统分离, 随后, 仅含痕量有机物的气相 通过冷阱 CS-02顶部出口被输送至水吸收洗涤系统 W-01 , 以进一步清除其中的有机物 残留, 并达环保排放标准, 排向大气;
步骤 5. 交换热量后的冷媒从冷阱 CS-02的出口循环回透平机制冷机 TM-01以重新 获得冷量, 进行下一次循环。
上述空气氧化过程尾气的绿色治理工艺, 其特征是: 上述利用压力能制冷的过程是 将氧化反应后高温带压的尾气引入一台特设的透平制冷机,透平机在带压的尾气的驱动 下旋转带动制冷机做功, 从而制取冷量。 本发明是基于目前工业上苯同系物空气氧化过程尾气污染和资源浪费的现状,设计 出的一项新颖且实用的尾气处理工艺。 它具有下列明显优点:
( 1 ) 利用带压尾气通过透平机做功带动制冷机组, 制备冷量, 使之用于冷凝闪蒸 汽和深冷捕集尾气中的有机物, 不仅利用了尾气中的压力能, 消除了尾气噪声污染, 而 且制取的冷量用于直接捕集尾气中的有机物, 捕集率可高达 99%以上, 可谓一举多得。
(2) 充分利用了尾气中的高品位热量, 提高了能源利用率, 实现了工艺过程热能 的综合利用。
(3 ) 经深冷捕集后的氧化过程尾气再通过水吸收洗涤塔系统进行净化处理, 清除 了其中残存的痕量有机物, 使尾气可达标排放, 不污染环境。 附图说明
图 1为本发明的流程示意图。 其中:
CS-OK CS-02为冷阱, D-01为精熘系统, FT-01为闪蒸塔, H-01、 H-02为加热盘 管, H-03为换热器, P-01、 P-02、 P-03为泵, R-01为反应器, S-01为气液分离器, TM-01 为透平机, V-01、 V-02为阀门, W-01为水吸收洗涤塔系统, 1-25为管道。
具体实施方式 以下通过实施例进一步说明本发明。
实施例 1:
向容积为 1M3的反应器 R-01中加入 30kg/h甲苯和催化剂, 加热至设定温度 180°C
后, 通过空气压缩系统 AC-01向反应器 R-01中通入净化处理过的空气; 当反应器的压 力达到设定值 1.2MPa后, 缓缓开启反应器 R-01顶部阀门 V-01 , 控制尾气流量在设定 值 12m3/h, 以维持反应所需的压力。 反应后 20kg/h主要含有产物苯甲酸、 溶剂以及少 量中间产物苯甲醛和未反应甲苯的物料通过输送泵 P-02和管道 5至闪蒸塔 FT-01进行 闪蒸分离。 而高温带压的氧化反应尾气从反应器顶部通过管道进入透平机 TM-01 (KAPITSAT7.5 , JSC深冷机械公司) 并带动制冷机( S241K, Qdrive 公司)做功制 冷, 制得的冷量通过冷媒输送给冷阱 CS-01和 CS-02, 以冷凝闪蒸塔 FT-01顶部汽相和 经 H-03换热之后的尾气, 而后通过循环泵 P-01在冷阱与 TM-01之间形成回路循环。 冷媒的温度可设定在 -15 °C -10 °C之间, 必要时可以更低。 氧化反应尾气从气液分离器 S-01顶部出口通过管道 9进入闪蒸塔 FT-01下部的加热盘管 H-01换热, 为闪蒸塔提供 部分热量, 闪蒸塔所需总热量不足部分可由换热器 H-02中的生蒸汽提供。 然后, H-01 出口尾气通过余压输送至 H-03为反应原料甲苯预热, 以进一步利用尾气的热量。 由换 热器 H-03出口的近于常温的尾气进入冷阱 CS-02可被冷冻盐水冷却至 0-5 °C (必要时 可更低或更高)。 如此, 尾气中的 99%以上的甲苯原料和中间物 (苯甲醛) 被冷凝并收 集, 收集液定期通过泵 P-03送至精熘系统 D-01分离回收。经深冷处理后的尾气再被送 至水吸收洗涤塔系统 W-01 , 以进一步清除其中的痕量有机物 (主要是低沸点的溶剂)。 至此, 尾气即可达标排放至大气。 而水吸收洗涤塔系统 W-01中的吸收洗涤用水, 则可 定期排放至生化池集中处理。最终排放的尾气和目前工艺排放尾气相比, 有机物的含量 降低了 80%, 压力能和热量利用率提高了 70%。 实施例 2:
向容积为 1M3的反应器 R-01中加入 45kg/h二甲苯和催化剂, 加热至设定温度 195 °C后, 通过空气压缩系统 AC-01向反应器 R-01中通入净化处理过的空气; 当反应器的 压力达到设定值 1.8MPa后, 缓缓开启 R-01 顶部阀门 V-01 , 控制尾气流量在设定值 12m3/h, 以维持反应所需的压力。 反应后 30kg/h主要含产物对二甲苯、 溶剂以及少量 中间产物对羧基苯甲醛、对甲基苯甲酸和未反应的对二甲苯的物料后的物料通过输送泵 P-02和管道 5至闪蒸塔 FT-01进行闪蒸分离,而高温带压的氧化反应尾气从反应器顶部 通过管道进入透平机 TM-01 ( KAPITSAT7.5 , JSC 深冷机械公司), 并带动制冷机 ( S241K, Qdrive 公司)做功制冷, 制得的冷量通过冷媒输送给冷阱 CS-01和 CS-02, 以冷凝闪蒸塔 FT-01顶部汽相和经 H-03换热之后的尾气,而后通过循环泵 P-01在冷阱
与 TM-01之间形成回路循环。 冷媒的温度可设定在 -15°C-10°C之间, 必要时可以更低。 氧化反应尾气从 S-01顶部出口通过管道 9进入闪蒸塔 FT-01下部的加热盘管 H-01换热, 为闪蒸塔提供部分热量,闪蒸塔所需总热量不足部分可由换热器 H-02中的生蒸汽提供。 然后, H-01出口尾气通过余压输送至换热器 H-03为原料对二甲苯预热, 进一步利用尾 气的热量。 由 H-03出口的近于常温的尾气进入冷阱 CS-02可被冷冻盐水冷却至 0-5°C (必要时可更低或更高)。 如此, 尾气中的 99%以上的对二甲苯原料和中间物 (对羧基 苯甲醛、对甲基苯甲酸)被冷凝并收集, 收集液定期通过泵 P-03送至精熘系统 D-01分 离回收。 经深冷处理后的尾气再被送至水吸收洗涤塔系统 W-01 , 以进一步清除其中的 痕量有机物。 至此, 尾气即可达标排放至大气。 而水吸收洗涤塔系统 W-01中的吸收洗 涤用水, 则可定期排放至生化池集中处理。 最终排放的尾气和目前工艺排放尾气相比, 有机物的含量降低了 80%, 压力能和热量利用率提高了 70%。 实施例 3:
向容积为 1M3的反应器 R-01 中加入 60kg/h偏三甲苯和催化剂, 加热至设定温度 280°C后, 通过空气压缩系统 AC-01向反应器 R-01中通入净化处理过的空气; 当反应器 的压力达到设定值 2.5MPa后, 缓缓开启 R-01顶部阀门 V-01 , 控制尾气流量在设定值 12m3/h, 以维持反应所需的压力。 反应后 40kg/h主要含产物偏三苯甲酸、 溶剂以及少 量中间产物 1, 2-二甲基苯甲醛、 1, 4-二甲基苯甲醛、 1, 2-二甲基苯甲酸、 1, 4-二甲 基苯甲酸和未反应的偏三甲苯的物料通过输送泵 P-02和管道 5至闪蒸塔 FT-01进行闪 蒸分离, 而高温带压的氧化反应尾气从反应器顶部通过管道进入透平机 TM-01 (KAPITSAT7.5, JSC深冷机械公司), 并带动制冷机 (S241K, Qdrive 公司) 做功 制冷, 制得的冷量通过冷媒输送给冷阱 CS-01和 CS-02, 以冷凝闪蒸塔 FT-01顶部汽相 和经 H-03换热之后的尾气, 而后通过循环泵 P-01在冷阱与 TM-01之间形成回路循环。 冷媒的温度可设定在 -15°C-10°C之间,必要时可以更低。氧化反应尾气从 S-01顶部出口 通过管道 9进入闪蒸塔 FT-01下部的加热盘管 H-01换热, 为闪蒸塔提供部分热量, 闪 蒸塔所需总热量不足部分可由换热器 H-02中的生蒸汽提供。然后, H-01出口尾气通过 余压输送至换热器 H-03为原料偏三甲苯预热,进一步利用尾气的热量。由 H-03出口的 近于常温的尾气进入冷阱 CS-02可被冷冻盐水冷却至 0_5°C (必要时可更低或更高)。 如此, 尾气中的 99%以上的偏三甲苯和中间物 (1, 2-二甲基苯甲醛、 1, 4-二甲基苯甲 醛、 1, 2-二甲基苯甲酸、 1, 4-二甲基苯甲酸)被冷凝并收集, 收集液定期通过泵 P-03
送至精熘系统 D-01分离回收。 经深冷处理后的尾气再被送至水吸收洗涤塔系统 W-01, 以进一步清除其中的痕量有机物。 至此, 尾气即可达标排放至大气。 而水吸收洗涤塔系 统 W-01中的吸收洗涤用水, 则可定期排放至生化池集中处理。 最终排放的尾气和目前 工艺排放尾气相比, 有机物的含量降低了 80%, 压力能和热量利用率提高了 70%。 实施例 4:
向容积为 1M3的反应器 R-01中加入 40kg/h氟代甲苯、 四溴乙烷和催化剂, 加热至 设定温度 190°C后, 通过空气压缩系统 AC-01向反应器 R-01中通入净化处理过的空气; 当反应器的压力达到设定值 1.5MPa后, 缓缓开启 R-01顶部阀门 V-01 , 控制尾气流量 在设定值 12m3/h, 以维持反应所需的压力。 反应后 25kg/h主要含产物氟代甲苯、 四溴 乙烷以及少量中间产物氟代苯甲醛、氟代苯甲酸和未反应的氟代甲苯的物料通过输送泵 P-02和管道 5至闪蒸塔 FT-01进行闪蒸分离,而高温带压的氧化反应尾气从反应器顶部 通过管道进入透平机 TM-01 (KAPITSAT7.5, JSC深冷机械公司)并带动制冷机( S241K, Qdrive 公司) 做功制冷, 制得的冷量通过冷媒输送给冷阱 CS-01 和 CS-02, 以冷凝闪 蒸塔 FT-01顶部汽相和经 H-03换热之后的尾气,而后通过循环泵 P-01在冷阱与 TM-01 之间形成回路循环。 冷媒的温度可设定在 -15 °C-10°C之间, 必要时可以更低。 氧化反应 尾气从 S-01顶部出口通过管道 9进入闪蒸塔 FT-01下部的加热盘管 H-01换热, 为闪蒸 塔提供部分热量, 闪蒸塔所需总热量不足部分可由换热器 H-02中的生蒸汽提供。然后, H-01出口尾气通过余压输送至换热器 H-03为原料氟代甲苯预热,进一步利用尾气的热 量。 由 H-03出口的近于常温的尾气进入冷阱 CS-02可被冷冻盐水冷却至 0-5°C (必要 时可更低或更高)。 如此, 尾气中的 99%以上的氟代甲苯和中间物 (氟代苯甲醛、 氟代 苯甲酸)被冷凝并收集, 收集液定期通过泵 P-03送至精熘系统 D-01分离回收。 经深冷 处理后的尾气再被送至水吸收洗涤塔系统 W-01 , 以进一步清除其中的痕量有机物。 至 此, 尾气即可达标排放至大气。 而水吸收洗涤塔系统 W-01中的吸收洗涤用水, 则可定 期排放至生化池集中处理。最终排放的尾气和目前工艺排放尾气相比, 有机物的含量降 低了 80%, 压力能和热量利用率提高了 70%。 实施例 5:
向容积为 1M3的反应器 R-01 中加入 55kg/h间二甲苯和催化剂, 加热至设定温度 200°C后, 通过空气压缩系统 AC-01向反应器 R-01中通入净化处理过的空气; 当反应器
的压力达到设定值 2.3MPa后, 缓缓开启 R-01顶部阀门 V-01, 控制尾气流量在设定值 12m3/h, 以维持反应所需的压力。 反应后的 36kg/h主要含产物间甲基苯甲酸、 溶剂以 及少量中间产物间甲基苯甲醛和未反应的间二甲苯的物料通过输送泵 P-02和管道 5至 闪蒸塔 FT-01进行闪蒸分离,而高温带压的氧化反应尾气从反应器顶部通过管道进入透 平机 TM-01 (KAPITSAT7.5, JSC深冷机械公司) 并带动制冷机(S241K, Qdrive 公 司) 做功制冷, 制得的冷量通过冷媒输送给冷阱 CS-01和 CS-02, 以冷凝闪蒸塔 FT-01 顶部汽相和经 H-03换热之后的尾气, 而后通过循环泵 P-01在冷阱与 TM-01之间形成 回路循环。冷媒的温度可设定在 -15°C-10°C之间,必要时可以更低。氧化反应尾气从 S-01 顶部出口通过管道 9进入闪蒸塔 FT-01下部的加热盘管 H-01换热, 为闪蒸塔提供部分 热量, 闪蒸塔所需总热量不足部分可由换热器 H-02中的生蒸汽提供。 然后, H-01出口 尾气通过余压输送至换热器 H-03为原料间二甲苯预热,进一步利用尾气的热量。由 H-03 出口的近于常温的尾气进入冷阱 CS-02可被冷冻盐水冷却至 0-5°C (必要时可更低或更 高)。 如此, 尾气中的 99%以上的间二甲苯和中间物 (间甲基苯甲酸) 被冷凝并收集, 收集液定期通过泵 P-03送至精熘系统 D-01分离回收。经深冷处理后的尾气再被送至水 吸收洗涤塔系统 W-01 , 以进一步清除其中的痕量有机物。 至此, 尾气即可达标排放至 大气。而水吸收洗涤塔系统 W-01中的吸收洗涤用水, 则可定期排放至生化池集中处理。 最终排放的尾气和目前工艺排放尾气相比, 有机物的含量降低了 80%, 压力能和热量利 用率提高了 70%。 实施例 6:
向容积为 1M3的反应器 R-01中加入 50kg/h对二甲苯、醋酸和催化剂, 加热至设定 温度 220°C后, 通过空气压缩系统 AC-01 向反应器 R-01中通入净化处理过的空气; 当 反应器的压力达到设定值 2MPa后, 缓缓开启 R-01顶部阀门 V-01 , 控制尾气流量在设 定值, 以维持反应所需的压力。 反应后 33kg/h主要含产物对苯二甲酸、 溶剂以及少量 中间产物对甲基苯甲醛、对甲基苯甲酸、对苯二甲醛和未反应的对二甲苯的物料通过输 送泵 P-02和管道 5至闪蒸塔 FT-01进行闪蒸分离, 而高温带压的氧化反应尾气从反应 器顶部通过管道进入透平机 TM-01 (KAPITSAT7.5, JSC深冷机械公司) 并带动制冷 机( S241K, Qdrive 公司)做功制冷,制得的冷量通过冷媒输送给冷阱 CS-01和 CS-02, 以冷凝闪蒸塔 FT-01顶部汽相和经 H-03换热之后的尾气,而后通过循环泵 P-01在冷阱 与 TM-01之间形成回路循环。 冷媒的温度可设定在 -15°C-10°C之间, 必要时可以更低。
氧化反应尾气从 S-01顶部出口通过管道 9进入闪蒸塔 FT-01下部的加热盘管 H-01换热, 为闪蒸塔提供部分热量,闪蒸塔所需总热量不足部分可由换热器 H-02中的生蒸汽提供。 然后, H-01出口尾气通过余压输送至换热器 H-03为原料对二甲苯预热, 进一步利用尾 气的热量。 由 H-03出口的近于常温的尾气进入冷阱 CS-02可被冷冻盐水冷却至 0-5°C (必要时可更低或更高)。 如此, 尾气中的 99%以上的对二甲苯和中间物 (对甲基苯甲 醛、 对甲基苯甲酸、 对苯二甲醛) 被冷凝并收集, 收集液定期通过泵 P-03送至精熘系 统 D-01分离回收。 经深冷处理后的尾气再被送至水吸收洗涤塔系统 W-01 , 以进一步清 除其中的痕量有机物。 至此, 尾气即可达标排放至大气。 而水吸收洗涤塔系统 W-01中 的吸收洗涤废水, 则可定期排放至生化池集中处理。最终排放的尾气和目前工艺排放尾 气相比, 有机物的含量降低了 80%, 压力能和热量利用率提高了 70%。
Claims
1. 一种苯同系物空气氧化过程尾气的绿色治理工艺, 其特征是它主要包括以下步 骤:
步骤 1. 按照工艺要求, 向反应器(R-01) 中加入苯系反应原料、 溶剂(如果需要) 和催化剂; 同时混合和加热至工艺设定的温度和压力; 通过空气压缩系统 (AC-01) 向 反应器 (R-01) 中鼓入设定流量的已净化过的压缩空气;
步骤 2. 当反应器 (R-01)内的压力到达设定值后,反应开始,缓缓开启反应器 (R-01) 顶部的尾气出口阀门, 控制尾气流量, 以维持反应器(R-01) 内所需的操作压力; 反应 生成的产物和部分中间产物、 溶剂以及未反应的原料通过泵 (P-02) 输送至闪蒸塔 (FT-01)进行闪蒸分离; 反应器(R-01)顶部出口的高温带压尾气进入透平机(TM-01) 做功, 并带动制冷机制取冷量;
步骤 3. 高温带压尾气在透平机制冷机 (TM-01) 中做功制取冷量后, 首先进入气 液分离器 (S-01), 其中的大部分有机物将被冷凝并收集在分离器下部, 并通过相应的 阀门和管道输送至闪蒸塔 (FT-01)进行分离; 而未被冷凝的气相则通过分离器 (S-01) 顶部管道送至闪蒸塔 (FT-01) 底部加热盘管 (H-01), 为闪蒸塔 (FT-01) 提供闪蒸所 需的部分热量, 热量不足的部分由新鲜蒸汽加热补充; 气相从闪蒸塔 (FT-01) 的底部 加热盘管(H-01) 出来后, 再通过管道输送至换热器(H-03)为反应原料加热, 进一步 利用尾气的余热;
同时, 透平机制冷机制备的冷量通过冷媒在泵 (P-01) 的作用下输送给冷凝器 (CS-01), 以冷凝闪蒸塔(FT-01)顶部出口的气相; 冷凝得到的液相则通过管道(23) 被输送至精熘系统分离; 从冷凝器 (CS-01) 输出的冷媒再被送入冷阱 (CS-02), 以深 冷从换热器 (H-03) 出口进入冷阱 (CS-02) 的已被降温降压的氧化尾气, 捕集其中有 机物;
步骤 4. 从换热器 (H-03) 出口的尾气, 温度已降至接近常温, 余热已得到充分利 用, 通过管道 (12)输送至冷阱 (CS-02) 被冷媒深冷却至 10°C以下, 如此其中的绝大 部分的有机物已被冷凝收集, 冷凝液则被送至精熘系统分离, 随后, 仅含痕量有机物的 气相通过冷阱 (CS-02) 顶部出口被输送至水吸收洗涤系统 (W-01), 以进一步清除其 中的有机物残留, 并达环保排放标准, 排向大气; 步骤 5. 交换热量后的冷媒从冷阱 (CS-02) 的出口循环回透平机制冷机 (TM-01 ) 以重新获得冷量, 进行下一次循环。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的苯同系物空气氧化过程尾气的绿色治理工艺, 其特征是: 调整步骤 3中所述的冷媒进入冷凝器(CS-01 )和冷阱(CS-02) 的顺序, 即先进入冷阱
(CS-02) 换热后, 再进入冷凝器 (CS-01 ) 换热, 这样, 对进入冷阱 (CS-02) 的氧化 尾气中有机物的捕集效果会更好。
3. 根据权利要求 1所述的苯同系物空气氧化过程尾气的绿色治理工艺, 其特征是: 上述利用压力能制冷的过程是将氧化反应后高温带压的尾气引入一台特设的透平机,透 平机在带压的尾气的驱动下旋转带动制冷机做功, 从而制取冷量。
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| CN101597117B (zh) * | 2009-06-23 | 2011-08-03 | 南京大学 | 一种工业甲醛废水的治理及资源化回收工艺 |
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- 2011-03-11 US US13/702,099 patent/US9322359B2/en active Active
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| US9322359B2 (en) | 2010-10-20 | 2016-04-26 | Nanjing University | Green treatment process for cleaning exhaust gas generated in air oxidation of benzene homologs |
| WO2013162612A1 (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2013-10-31 | Draeger Medical Systems, Inc. | Breathing circuit humidification system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20130205771A1 (en) | 2013-08-15 |
| CN101979129B (zh) | 2012-10-17 |
| US9322359B2 (en) | 2016-04-26 |
| CN101979129A (zh) | 2011-02-23 |
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