WO2012046889A1 - 연료전지용 복합체 전해질 막, 이의 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 연료전지 - Google Patents
연료전지용 복합체 전해질 막, 이의 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 연료전지 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/20—Manufacture of shaped structures of ion-exchange resins
- C08J5/22—Films, membranes or diaphragms
- C08J5/2206—Films, membranes or diaphragms based on organic and/or inorganic macromolecular compounds
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/20—Manufacture of shaped structures of ion-exchange resins
- C08J5/22—Films, membranes or diaphragms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/20—Manufacture of shaped structures of ion-exchange resins
- C08J5/22—Films, membranes or diaphragms
- C08J5/2206—Films, membranes or diaphragms based on organic and/or inorganic macromolecular compounds
- C08J5/2218—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- C08J5/2256—Synthetic macromolecular compounds based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions other than those involving carbon-to-carbon bonds, e.g. obtained by polycondensation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/06—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/06—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances
- H01B1/12—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances organic substances
- H01B1/124—Intrinsically conductive polymers
- H01B1/127—Intrinsically conductive polymers comprising five-membered aromatic rings in the main chain, e.g. polypyrroles, polythiophenes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/06—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances
- H01B1/12—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances organic substances
- H01B1/124—Intrinsically conductive polymers
- H01B1/128—Intrinsically conductive polymers comprising six-membered aromatic rings in the main chain, e.g. polyanilines, polyphenylenes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/102—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
- H01M8/103—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having nitrogen, e.g. sulfonated polybenzimidazoles [S-PBI], polybenzimidazoles with phosphoric acid, sulfonated polyamides [S-PA] or sulfonated polyphosphazenes [S-PPh]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/1041—Polymer electrolyte composites, mixtures or blends
- H01M8/1046—Mixtures of at least one polymer and at least one additive
- H01M8/1048—Ion-conducting additives, e.g. ion-conducting particles, heteropolyacids, metal phosphate or polybenzimidazole with phosphoric acid
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/1058—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by a porous support having no ion-conducting properties
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2379/00—Characterised by the use of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen, or carbon only, not provided for in groups C08J2361/00 - C08J2377/00
- C08J2379/04—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain; Polyhydrazides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C08J2379/06—Polyhydrazides; Polytriazoles; Polyamino-triazoles; Polyoxadiazoles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/141—Feedstock
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a composite electrolyte membrane for a fuel cell, and more particularly, to a composite electrolyte membrane for a fuel cell having excellent thermal stability and ion conductivity, a method for manufacturing the same, and a fuel cell including the same.
- a fuel cell is an energy conversion device that converts chemical energy of fuel directly into electrical energy and is being researched and developed as a next-generation energy source due to its high energy efficiency and eco-friendly features with low pollutant emission.
- Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells are gaining popularity as portable, automotive, and household power supplies due to their low operating temperature, elimination of leakage problems due to the use of solid electrolytes, and fast operation. It is not only a high output fuel cell with a higher current density than other types of fuel cells, but also a simple structure and fast startup and response characteristics. Moreover, methanol and natural gas other than hydrogen can be used as a fuel, and it has the outstanding durability. In addition, research into portable fuel cells continues because of their miniaturization with high power density. Solid polymer electrolyte membranes currently used include Dow, Nafion, Dumion, Asamihi, and Asahi Kasei.
- These solid high molecular electrolyte membranes generally use perf luorosulfonic acid polymer membranes having alkylene fluoride in the main chain and sulfonic acid groups at the ends of the vinyl ether side chains (e.g., Nafion, manufactured by Dupont).
- fluorine-based polymer electrolyte membranes have high chemical stability and excellent hydrogen ion conductivity, but due to the complicated fluorine substitution process, the manufacturing cost is very high, making them difficult to apply to automotive fuel cells.
- proton conductive polymer membranes have been developed in which a basic acid is doped with a strong acid, which may be polybenzimidazole (PBI) or poly (2,5-benzimidazole) or poly (2,6-benzimidazole). Strong acid of phosphate After doping with a proton conductive polymer film of the type to be conductive by the Gruts mechanism (Grotthus mechanism) through the phosphoric acid in the absence of moisture
- polybenzimidazole and poly (2,5-benzimidazole) and the like are lower cost than Nafion and can conduct protons at high temperature and no humidification conditions of 100 ° C. or higher.
- traces of carbon monoxide remain in the hydrogen generated from natural gas, gasoline, or methane, and more than several ppm of carbon monoxide adsorbs on the surface of the platinum catalyst and interferes with the reaction of fuel. It will drop dramatically. Since the adsorption reaction of carbon monoxide on the platinum catalyst is exothermic, if the operating temperature of the fuel cell is increased to 120 ° C or more, the poisoning phenomenon caused by carbon monoxide is significantly reduced, and the oxidation / reduction reaction rate of the battery can be improved. This has the advantage of increasing the efficiency of the.
- the presence of moisture is because phosphoric acid and the like are not permanently bound to the basic polymer but merely exist as an electrolyte. In this case, there is a fatal drawback that the phosphoric acid may be eluted from the polymer membrane.
- water is generated as a reaction product on the cathode side. When the operating temperature of the fuel cell exceeds 100 ° C., most of the generated water escapes as vapor through the gas diffusion electrode.
- the loss is very small, when the operating temperature is less than 100 ° C in some sections or when a large amount of water is generated at high current density, the generated water is not immediately removed, so that the phosphoric acid is eluted by the water, and thus the battery life. Will lower.
- the first problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a composite electrolyte membrane for a fuel cell excellent in thermal stability and ion conductivity.
- the second problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for producing the composite electrolyte membrane for a fuel cell.
- a third object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell including the composite electrolyte membrane.
- the present invention to solve the first problem is a polybenzimidazole-based polymer
- a metal grafted porous structure wherein the composite electrolyte membrane for a fuel cell doped with phosphoric acid, wherein the content of the metal grafted porous structure is 0.1 to 30 wt% based on the polymer. to provide.
- the polybenzimidazole-based polymer may include polybenzimidazole (PBI), poly (2,5-benzimidazole) (2,5-PBI), poly (2, 6—benzimidazole) (2,6—PBI) and ABPBI.
- the metal is preferably selected from one or more of the group consisting of aluminum, copper, iron, nickel.
- the metal grafted porous structure is A1-
- the size of the metalol-containing porous structure is preferably 900nm or less.
- the present invention comprises the steps of forming a metal grafted porous structure; Mixing the metal grafted porous structure and a polymer solution to form a composite membrane; It provides a method for producing a composite electrolyte membrane for a fuel cell comprising a; imparting ion conductivity by doping the composite membrane with phosphoric acid.
- the forming of the metal grafted porous structure may include adding a metal chloride to an aqueous solution of alkyltrimethylammonium halide; Adding ammonia water to the mixture and stirring; Adding tetraethylorthosilicate dropwise to the mixture and then stirring; And washing and drying the semi-agitated mixture and baking to obtain a powder.
- the halogenated alkyltrimethylammonium is, for example, nucleodecyltrimethylammonium bromide, dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide, tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide, octadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, It is preferably selected from the group consisting of cetyltrimethylammonium chloride, myristyltrimethylammonium chloride, decyltrimethylammonium bromide, octyltrimethylammonium bromide, and nucleyltrimethylammonium bromide.
- the polymer that can be used in the production of the composite electrolyte membrane for a fuel cell is polybenzimidazole (PBI), poly (2,5-benzimidazole) (2,5-PBI) , Poly (2,6-benzimidazole) (2,6-PBI) and ABPBI.
- the metal is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of aluminum, copper, iron, nickel.
- the metal grafted porous structure is preferably A1-MCM-41.
- the size of the porous structure containing the metal is preferably 900nm or less.
- the addition amount of the metal chloride is preferably such that the molar ratio of metal ions to 1 to 30 mol% based on the total solution, the content of the metal grafted porous structure It is preferably 0.1 to 30% by weight based on the polybenzimidazole-based polymer.
- the firing step is a temperature of 300 ⁇ 800
- the present invention provides a fuel cell manufactured by employing the composite electrolyte membrane for the fuel cell.
- a porous structure containing a metal may be introduced into a polymer to improve thermal properties of an electrolyte membrane, and to significantly improve proton conductivity by doping phosphoric acid, and to prevent leakage of an acid doped by an added metal. It is also possible to provide a fuel cell electrolyte membrane having excellent performance.
- 1 is a graph showing the thermal stability of the fuel cell composite electrolyte membrane according to the present invention.
- Figure 2 shows the proton conductivity for Example 1, Comparative Examples 1 and 2 and Nafion It is a graph.
- 3 is a graph showing the results of measuring the proton conductivity of the electrolyte membrane while increasing the amount of A1-MCM-41 (13 ⁇ 4>, 3%, 53 ⁇ 4).
- FIG. 4 is a SEM photograph of the porous structure A1-MCM-41 according to the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a process of forming a porous structure according to the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing the results of measuring the conductance over time with respect to the electrolyte membrane including the aluminum grafted porous structure according to the present invention with respect to the selenium membrane purchased commercially.
- Yonsei C1-110-075-012 and Yonsei C1-150-075-006 are A1-MCM—41-ol complexed membranes with selenium, each having a thickness of 110 and 150 ji and an A1-MCM-41 content, respectively. It means 12% by weight and 6% by weight of the total weight of the membrane, the parenthesis indicates that the phosphoric acid doped for 3 days and 14 days, respectively.
- 2,5-PBI and Nafion represent uncomplexed membranes.
- the switch is turned on and off, and the operating temperature is changed, it can be seen that the operating performance of the electrolyte membrane is excellent.
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing the results of measuring the conductance over time for the electrolyte membrane including the aluminum grafted porous structure according to the present invention for the 2,5-PBI membrane.
- Yonsei PB 1-025-078-134-005 and Yonsei PB I-025-080-002-005 are 2,5-PBI composited with Al-MCM-41, each having a thickness of 78 j «m and 80, meaning that the A1-MCM-41 content is all 5% by weight based on the total weight of the membrane.
- 2,5-PBI and Nafion represent uncomplexed membranes.
- FIG. 8 is a graph showing the results of measuring the conductance over time for the electrolyte membrane including the aluminum grafted porous structure according to the present invention with respect to the blend of saleni and 2,5-PBI membrane.
- Yonsei C1PBI-0505-040—075-012 and Yonsei C1PBI-0703-045-075-012 are membranes that combine A1-MCM-41 in a blend of salenis and 2 ⁇ 5-PBI.
- 5-PBI means that the mixing ratio is 5: 5 and 7: 3 respectively, and the thicknesses are 40 / m and 45, respectively, and the A1-MCM—41 content is 12% by weight relative to the total weight of the membrane. Means that.
- 2,5-PBI and Nafion represent uncomplexed membranes.
- Complexation of a blend of salenis and 2,5-PBI and A1-MCM-41 first disperses the gastric porous matter in methanesulfonic acid ultrasonically, and then establishes a fixed ratio of selenium and 2,5-PBI powder. By content . It is preferable to manufacture a composite film by casting, in that the uniformity of blending and complexation can be greatly improved.
- the composite electrolyte membrane for a fuel cell according to the present invention includes a polybenzimidazole-based polymer; And a metal grafted porous structure; wherein the composite electrolyte membrane doped with phosphoric acid has a content of the metal-containing porous structure of 0.1 to 30 wt% based on the polymer.
- the content of the porous structure is less than 0.1% by weight, the effect of addition is weak and when the content exceeds 30% by weight 3 ⁇ 4> there is a fear that the brittleness of the electrolyte membrane increases.
- a porous structure is introduced into the electrolyte membrane, thereby increasing the surface area of the electrolyte membrane, thereby increasing the amount of doped phosphoric acid. Increasing the acid doped also increases the proton conductivity.
- the polymer is polybenzimidazole (PBI), poly(2-benzimidazole), poly(2-phenyl)-N-phenyl-N-phenyl-N-phenyl-N-phenyl-N-phenyl-N-phenyl-N-phenyl-N-phenyl-N-phenyl-N-phenyl-N-phenyl-N-phenyl-N-phenyl-N-phenyl-N-N-N-phenyl
- polybenzimidazole-based polymers have a high glass transition temperature, the polybenzimidazole-based polymer can be applied at high temperatures, and is useful because a film having excellent thermal and mechanical stability can be obtained.
- Polymers in acid / polymer systems act as matrices that are highly basic to dissolve and complex in the acid, ie to retain excess acid, and on the other hand are needed to obtain high conductivity.
- polybenzimidazole-based polymer that can be used in the present invention.
- At least one selected from the group consisting of aluminum, copper, iron, nickel contained in the porous structure At least one selected from the group consisting of aluminum, copper, iron, nickel contained in the porous structure.
- Metals such as aluminum have an affinity with acids, which has the effect of reducing the leakage of acid that has been doped into the electrolyte membrane over time.
- the size of the porous structure containing the metal is 900 nm or less, because when the size exceeds 900 nra, the dispersibility of the porous structure with respect to the polymer This is because it is degraded.
- the porous structure has a pore shape close to a spherical shape because the spherical shape can induce maximum surface area at a small size and increase the content of phosphoric acid.
- MCM-41 is one of MCM (Mobile Crystalline Material) developed by Mobil Corporation in USA and has a structure that uniformly sized pores having a certain size are formed in a hexagonal arrangement, that is, in a honeycomb shape. . MCM-41 is known to be manufactured through the liquid crystal mold route according to the recent research results.
- the surfactant forms a liquid crystal structure in an aqueous solution
- the silicate ions surround it
- a conjugate of the surfactant and MCM-41 is formed through a hydrothermal react ion
- the surfactant is 500 to 600 ° C.
- MCM-41 can be obtained by calcination at the temperature of. At this time, if the manufacturing conditions are changed by changing the type of surfactant or adding other organic materials, the pore size can be changed from 1.6 to !! Onm. MCM-41 is the most preferable reason in the present invention because the porosity is as high as about 80%, thereby increasing the content of phosphoric acid. On the other hand, the present invention is characterized in that not using a porous structure itself, such as MCM-41, but to prepare and use a metal-grafted porous structure by adding a metal chloride during synthesis of such a porous structure.
- An example of the metal grafted porous structure in the present invention may be A1 grafted MCM-41, which is hereinafter referred to as A1-MCM-41.
- the grafted A1 means that A1 is inserted and bonded between silicon and oxygen during the manufacture of the porous structure, and in the case of MCM-41, a hexagonal uniform channel Since the walls are composed of Si0 2 (silica), the chemical structures are completely different.
- a method of manufacturing a composite electrolyte membrane for a fuel cell according to the present invention includes forming a metal graft porous structure; Mixing the metal grafted porous structure with a polymer solution to form a composite membrane; And imparting ion conductivity by doping the composite membrane with phosphoric acid.
- the metal grafted porous structure is formed by a sol-gel process, and alkyl trimethylammonium halide, metal chloride, tetraethylorthosilicate, and the like, which are a kind of surfactant, are used.
- the metal grafted porous structure comprises the steps of adding a metal chloride to the aqueous solution of alkyl trimethylammonium halide; Adding ammonia water to the mixture and stirring; Adding tetraethylorthosilicate dropwise to the mixture followed by stirring; And by washing the reaction mixture, drying and baking to obtain a powder; can be prepared by.
- alkyltrimethylammonium halides usable in the preparation of the metal grafted porous structure include nucleodecyltrimethylammonium bromide, dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide, tetradecylmethylammonium bromide, octadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, cetyltrimethylammonium chloride. At least one selected from the group consisting of myristyl trimethylammonium chloride, decyltrimethylammonium bromide, octyltrimethylammonium bromide, and nucleosilmethylmethylammonium bromide.
- the metal which can be grafted in the metal grafted porous structure is a compound which may exist in the form of metal ion when hydrated, for example, metal such as aluminum chloride, copper chloride, nickel chloride, iron chloride, etc. Chloride can be used.
- the addition amount of the metal chloride is preferably added so that the molar ratio of the metal ion is 1 to 30 mol% based on the total solution, when the mol% is less than 1 mol%, the amount of grafted metal is too small to phosphoric acid When the ability to retain ions decreases and exceeds 30 mol%, there is a risk of poor formation or collapse in the structure of the porous structure.
- the firing step is preferably performed at a temperature of 300 ⁇ 800 ° C.
- Phosphoric acid can form three-dimensional hydrogen bond networks and can serve as an excellent proton conducting medium. Also pure phosphate at 30 ° C It has a conductivity of 0.53 S / cm, which is known to originate from the expanded self-ionization of phosphoric acid.
- phosphoric acid is subjected to an automatic dehydration process in addition to a self-dissociation process. If water is supplied, dehydration is reversible at low temperatures.
- phosphoric acid can conduct protons by forming a polyphosphate network at high temperatures with low relative humidity.
- the proton conductivity of the benzimidazole type polyimide electrolyte membrane can be increased by doping with phosphoric acid, which tends to form salts with base sites in the polymer.
- the fuel cell manufactured by employing the composite electrolyte membrane prepared according to the present invention has improved performance.
- Example 1- Preparation of 2.5-polybenzimidazole (2.5-? 81)
- the powder obtained after the calcination process is A1-MCM-41 as the metal graft-tang porous structure.
- 4 shows A ⁇ prepared according to the present invention. SEM image of MCM-41 is shown, Figure 5 shows the results of the formation of the porous structure according to the present invention.
- Example 1- (3) A composite membrane in which a metal grafted porous structure and a polymer were mixed
- the polymer solution is prepared by dissolving 2,5-polybenzimidazole prepared in Example 1 in methanesulfonic acid.
- A1-MCM—41 a metal-grafted porous structure obtained in Example 2, was added to the polymer solution at a weight ratio of 1 wt%, 3 wt%, and 5 wt%.
- Ultrasonic energy was applied for uniform mixing after the addition, and the mixture was stirred well.
- the resultant viscous 2,5-polybenzimidazole solution was spin-coated onto the glass plate according to the content of the porous structure, respectively, at 80 ° C. 1 hour, 1 hour at 100 ° C, 1 hour at 120 ° C and 2 hours at 160 ° C was added to cure.
- the resulting film was immersed in deionized water for 10 minutes and then the film was peeled off from the glass plate.
- phosphoric acid doping of the composite membrane is performed.
- the process of phosphate doping allows the composite membrane to contain phosphoric acid evenly by dipping the membrane of the prepared composite into the phosphate solution.
- the composite membrane was usually immersed in phosphate solution for about 72 hours, and the concentration of phosphate solution was 85% by weight.
- Phosphoric acid doped electrolyte membrane was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that only 2,5-PBI was used without using any porous structure.
- a phosphoric acid doped electrolyte membrane was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that MCM-41 was used as the porous structure.
- the results of the TA meter showed a high thermal stability of more than 90% in the temperature range up to 350 ° C.
- the efficiency of a fuel cell can be expressed as an output voltage that depends on the fuel cell charge density. Since the charge density of the fuel cell depends on the proton conductivity, a polymer having high proton conductivity is highly desirable as PEMFC.
- Proton conductivity was measured using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques in the frequency range of 100 kHz to 10 Hz.
- the resistance of polybenzimidazoles doped with inorganic acids was measured using an Autolab impedance analyzer and proton conductivity sal.
- Proton conductivity ⁇ is determined from the following equation.
- d, Ls, WS, and R represent the distance of the electrode, the film thickness, the width of the film, and the resistance of polybenzimidazole, respectively.
- Table 1 shows the proton conductivity of the composite electrolyte membrane doped with plybenzimidazole oleic acid including the inorganic porous structure according to the present invention:
- Comparative Example 1 is a 2,5-PBI
- FIG. 2 shows a graph comparing the proton conductivity of Example 1, Comparative Examples 1-2, and Nafion electrolyte membrane.
- the proton conductivity of the electrolyte membrane (Example) to which 5% of A1-MCM-41 was added according to the present invention was about 200 times higher than that of the simple 2,5-polybenzimidazole electrolyte membrane (Comparative Example 1). Incense It can be confirmed that it is about 3 times better than the electrolyte membrane (Comparative Example 2) to which MCM-41 is added, and about 1.5 times better than that of commercial Nafion.
- Figure 3 shows a graph showing the results of measuring the proton conductivity of the electrolyte membrane while increasing the amount of A ⁇ MCM-41 (13 ⁇ 4>, 3%, 5%), according to the metal according to the present invention It can be seen that the proton conductivity is also increased as the amount of the grafted porous structure is increased.
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Priority Applications (4)
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KR1020137006199A KR101441411B1 (ko) | 2010-10-05 | 2010-10-05 | 연료전지용 복합체 전해질 막, 이의 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 연료전지 |
US13/877,398 US9368821B2 (en) | 2010-10-05 | 2010-10-05 | Composite electrolyte membrane for fuel cell, method for producing the electrolyte membrane and fuel cell including the electrolyte membrane |
EP10858165.3A EP2626938A4 (en) | 2010-10-05 | 2010-10-05 | COMPLEX ELECTROLYTIC MEMBRANE FOR FUEL CELL, PROCESS FOR PRODUCING THE SAME, AND FUEL CELL COMPRISING SAME |
PCT/KR2010/006794 WO2012046889A1 (ko) | 2010-10-05 | 2010-10-05 | 연료전지용 복합체 전해질 막, 이의 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 연료전지 |
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PCT/KR2010/006794 WO2012046889A1 (ko) | 2010-10-05 | 2010-10-05 | 연료전지용 복합체 전해질 막, 이의 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 연료전지 |
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WO2012046889A1 true WO2012046889A1 (ko) | 2012-04-12 |
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US (1) | US9368821B2 (ko) |
EP (1) | EP2626938A4 (ko) |
KR (1) | KR101441411B1 (ko) |
WO (1) | WO2012046889A1 (ko) |
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WO2015064908A1 (ko) * | 2013-10-29 | 2015-05-07 | 연세대학교 산학협력단 | 연료전지용 고분자 전해질막, 이의 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 연료전지 |
CN105529485B (zh) * | 2015-12-28 | 2018-01-02 | 湖北工程学院 | 一种碳纳米管负载杂多酸‑磺化聚醚醚酮质子交换膜的制备方法 |
KR101696797B1 (ko) * | 2016-05-20 | 2017-01-16 | 서운학 | 케이블 피복 수지, 이를 이용한 동축 케이블 및 이의 피복 장치 |
WO2018163203A1 (en) * | 2017-03-06 | 2018-09-13 | Council Of Scientific And Industrial Research | Porous polybenzimidazole as separator for lithium ion batteries |
KR20240073280A (ko) | 2022-11-17 | 2024-05-27 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 고온 및 무가습 조건 하에서 높은 이온 전도도를 갖는 벤지미다졸계 고분자 전해질막 및 이의 제조방법 |
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BR0015178A (pt) * | 1999-11-05 | 2002-06-18 | Ici Plc | Lìquidos iÈnicos imobilizados |
CN100375741C (zh) * | 2001-09-12 | 2008-03-19 | 旭化成化学株式会社 | 生产内酰胺的方法 |
US6733828B2 (en) * | 2002-01-29 | 2004-05-11 | Kuei-Jung Chao | Method of fabricating nanostructured materials |
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- 2010-10-05 WO PCT/KR2010/006794 patent/WO2012046889A1/ko active Application Filing
- 2010-10-05 EP EP10858165.3A patent/EP2626938A4/en not_active Withdrawn
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US20060148953A1 (en) * | 2005-01-05 | 2006-07-06 | Wenbin Hong | Hydrophilic polymer-oxide-phosphoric acid compositions for proton conducting membranes |
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EP2626938A4 (en) | 2016-11-16 |
EP2626938A1 (en) | 2013-08-14 |
US20130236798A1 (en) | 2013-09-12 |
US9368821B2 (en) | 2016-06-14 |
KR101441411B1 (ko) | 2014-09-24 |
KR20130069760A (ko) | 2013-06-26 |
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