WO2012045209A1 - 一种小型断路器 - Google Patents

一种小型断路器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012045209A1
WO2012045209A1 PCT/CN2010/077614 CN2010077614W WO2012045209A1 WO 2012045209 A1 WO2012045209 A1 WO 2012045209A1 CN 2010077614 W CN2010077614 W CN 2010077614W WO 2012045209 A1 WO2012045209 A1 WO 2012045209A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
jumper
lever
circuit breaker
miniature circuit
buckle
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PCT/CN2010/077614
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
方华朋
Original Assignee
Fang Huapeng
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Priority to PCT/CN2010/077614 priority Critical patent/WO2012045209A1/zh
Publication of WO2012045209A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012045209A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/50Manual reset mechanisms which may be also used for manual release
    • H01H71/505Latching devices between operating and release mechanism
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/50Manual reset mechanisms which may be also used for manual release
    • H01H71/52Manual reset mechanisms which may be also used for manual release actuated by lever

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a circuit breaker and belongs to a miniature circuit breaker.
  • Miniature circuit breakers refer to low-voltage circuit breakers used on AC 50/60Hz rated voltages of 230/400V and rated currents up to 32A. They are commonly used in industrial, commercial, high-rise and residential buildings. In order to meet the needs of users, miniature circuit breakers usually have overload, short circuit and leakage protection functions.
  • the main components are three separate housings, transmission mechanism, arc extinguishing chamber, short circuit tripping drive, overload tripping drive, and leakage.
  • the buckle driver, the movable contact, the static contact and the connecting terminal are composed, the transmission mechanism is installed in the chamber between the upper and lower casings, and the inner part is separated by the intermediate casing by the two-pole circuit, and the transmission mechanism is mainly by a buckle, Jumper, bracket, moving contact frame, "U” type connecting rod and handle.
  • the bracket, "U” type connecting rod and handle form a four-bar mechanism.
  • the bracket has a "V” slot and a "U” connector. One end of the rod is placed in the "V” groove and can be slid therein, and the jumper is angular.
  • one end of the jumper is stuck with the lock, and the other end blocks the "V" groove on the bracket, and the jumper is
  • the latches are hinged between the upper and lower housings by a shaft.
  • the short-circuit tripping driver and the leakage tripping driver are set together to share one iron core.
  • the short-circuit tripping driver or the leakage tripping driver drives the iron core to push the latch to disengage the latch from the jumper.
  • the "V" groove on the bracket opens, and the "U” type link slides along the "V” groove to prevent the bracket from being caught.
  • the bracket is driven by the spring force to disengage the movable contact from the static contact.
  • the overload trip drive uses a bimetal to drive the latching action. When overloaded, the bimetal is deformed by heat to cause the latch to act and disengage from the jumper to form a trip.
  • the miniature circuit breaker has the following defects in use: 1. Since the buckle has a large pressure on the buckle, the friction between the jumper and the buckle is large, and when the trip is required, sufficient thrust is required. The buckle force can make the lock buckle and the jump buckle disengage; in the short circuit, the current in the short-circuit coil is large, and the generated magnetic force can satisfy the tripping condition of the jump buckle, but in the leakage current, the current in the leakage coil is small. The generated magnetic force can not meet the tripping condition of the jumper.
  • the sensitivity of the leakage trip is low, which is easy to cause leakage without tripping.
  • the tension of the bimetal after heat deformation needs to be sufficient to overcome the jump between the buckle and the buckle.
  • the frictional force can make the lock action, and it is easy to be overloaded and not tripped.
  • the leakage tripping drive detects the signal through the zero-sequence current transformer, and then the control circuit controls its action. Due to the limited space in the miniature circuit breaker housing, the current zero-sequence current transformer generally uses an electronic transformer. When the transformer is working, it must be supplied with voltage by the line to work normally, which poses a safety hazard. 3. There is a gap between the moving contact and the intermediate casing.
  • the technical solution of the invention is: a miniature circuit breaker comprising a base, a middle plate, a cover plate, an arc extinguishing chamber, a bimetal, a transmission mechanism, a zero sequence current transformer and a trip drive, wherein the transmission mechanism is mainly composed of a lock
  • the buckle, the jump buckle, the bracket, the movable contact frame, the "U" type connecting rod and the handle are composed of a lever, and the long arm end of the lever is engaged with the lock buckle. The short arm end of the lever is engaged with the jumper.
  • a support frame is arranged in the base, and the buckle, the jump buckle and the lever are respectively hinged to the support frame by means of a pin shaft.
  • the side of the buckle is provided with a fin, and the lever is stuck with the fin.
  • the jumper is provided with a jumper spring, one end of the jumper spring is stuck on the jumper body, and the other end is hung on the lever.
  • the movable contact frame is provided with a blocking piece, and the middle plate is provided with a sliding groove matched with the blocking piece, the side surface of the sliding groove is provided with a partition plate and an opening, and the blocking piece can slide along the sliding groove and can open or block Said opening.
  • the zero-sequence current transformer is an electromagnetic zero-sequence current transformer, and the middle plate is composed of two large and medium plates and a small and medium plate, and the zero-sequence current transformer is placed on the large and medium plates. Between the small and medium plates.
  • the large middle plate is provided with a through groove, and the arc extinguishing chamber is disposed in the through groove.
  • the small middle plate is embedded with a lug electrically connected to the bimetal, and the adjusting lug is arranged on the lug.
  • the invention has the following beneficial effects: due to the above solution, when the short circuit or the electric leakage occurs, the trip driver acts, the iron core pushes the lock, the lock and the lever are disengaged, the lever can rotate freely, and the tripping action realizes the trip. Since the buckle acts on the long arm of the lever, the buckle acts on the short arm of the lever, so that the tripping of the jumper can be achieved by the iron core generating a small thrust on the trip drive, thereby solving the existing The problem of large tripping force between the jumper and the buckle in the miniature circuit breaker improves the sensitivity of the leakage trip.
  • the invention has the characteristics of compact structure, small tripping force and sensitive tripping during leakage, and the product can protect the leakage when the product does not need to provide additional voltage as the power source of the product during the work.
  • Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a diagram of the component distribution of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is an overall view of the present invention.

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  • Breakers (AREA)

Description

一种小型断路器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种断路器,属于一种小型断路器。
背景技术
小型断路器是指交流50/60Hz额定电压230/400V、额定电流32A以下线路上使用的低压断路器,常用于工业、商业、高层及民用住宅等场所。为了满足用户的需求,小型断路器通常都有过载、短路及漏电保护功能,主要由三个分体组成的壳体、传动机构、灭弧室、短路脱扣驱动器、过载脱扣驱动器、漏电脱扣驱动器、动触头、静触头及接线端子组成,传动机构安装于上、下壳体之间的腔室内,其内部下方被中间壳体将2极电路分开,传动机构主要由锁扣、跳扣、支架、动触头架、“U”型连杆及手柄组成,支架、“U”型连杆及手柄组成四杆机构,支架上开有“V”型槽,“U”型连杆的一端置于“V”型槽内并可在其中滑动,跳扣为角形,正常使用时跳扣的一端与锁扣相卡,另一端阻塞支架上的“V”型槽,跳扣与锁扣均通过轴铰接在上、下壳体之间。短路脱扣驱动器及漏电脱扣驱动器套装在一起,共用一个铁芯,当漏电或短路时,短路脱扣驱动器或漏电脱扣驱动器使铁芯动作,推动锁扣,使锁扣与跳扣脱离,跳扣旋转,支架上的“V”型槽打开,“U”型连杆沿“V”型槽滑动无法卡住支架,支架在弹簧力的作用下带动动触头与静触头脱离。过载脱扣驱动器采用双金属片驱动锁扣动作,过载时,双金属片受热变形使锁扣动作并与跳扣脱离,形成脱扣。这种小型断路器在使用时存在以下缺陷:1、由于跳扣对锁扣的压力很大,跳扣与锁扣之间的的磨擦力较大,在脱扣时,需要足够的推力(脱扣力)才能使锁扣与跳扣脱开;在短路时,短路线圈内的电流较大,产生的磁力能够满足跳扣的脱扣条件,但在漏电时,漏电线圈内的电流较小,产生的磁力不能够满足跳扣的脱扣条件,漏电脱扣的灵敏度低,易造成漏电不脱扣的现象;过载时,双金属片受热变形后的张力需要足以克服跳扣与锁扣之间的的磨擦力才能使锁扣动作,易出现过载不脱扣现象。2、漏电脱扣驱动器通过零序电流互感器检测信号,再由控制电路控制其动作,由于小型断路器壳体内的空间有限,目前使用的零序电流互感器一般采用电子式互感器,这种互感器在工作时必需由线路提供电压才能正常工作,存在安全隐患。3、动触头与中间壳体之间有空隙,当动触头与静触头分断的瞬间,电弧会沿该空隙进入到动触头支架所在的腔室,使电弧在动触头上停滞的时间过长,易烧坏动触头,短路分断能力不高。
发明内容
为了克服背景技术的不足,本发明提供一种小型断路器,主要解决了现有的小型断路器中跳扣与锁扣之间的脱扣力较大的问题,同时在壳体内布置出安装电磁式零序电流互感器的空间,采用性能较好的电磁式零序电流互感器;改变了动触头与中间壳体的通道结构。在不改变原有的小型断路器的壳体外形结构和尺寸的情况下,提高了漏电脱扣的灵敏度。具有结构紧凑、脱扣力小及漏电时脱扣灵敏的特点,产品在工作中无需线路提供额外的电压作为产品的电源,就可以在漏电时起到保护作用。
本发明的技术方案是:一种小型断路器,包括底座、中板、盖板、灭弧室、双金属片、传动机构、零序电流互感器及脱扣驱动器,其中的传动机构主要由锁扣、跳扣、支架、动触头架、“U”型连杆及手柄组成,所述的锁扣与跳扣之间设有杠杆,所述的杠杆的长臂端与锁扣相卡,杠杆的短臂端与跳扣相卡。
所述的底座内设有支撑架,锁扣、跳扣及杠杆分别通过销轴方式与支撑架铰接。
所述的锁扣的侧面设有一翅片,杠杆与翅片相卡。
所述的锁扣的回转轴上方部分向双金属片一侧弯曲并与双金属片相对应。
所述的跳扣上设有跳扣弹簧,所述的跳扣弹簧的一端卡在跳扣本体上,另一端挂在杠杆上。
所述的动触头架上设有挡片,中板上设有与挡片相配合的滑槽,滑槽的侧面设有隔板及开口,挡片能够沿滑槽滑动并能打开或挡住所述的开口。
所述的零序电流互感器为电磁式零序电流互感器,所述的中板由大中板及小中板两个分体组成,所述的零序电流互感器置于大中板及小中板之间。
所述的大中板上设有一个通槽,灭弧室置于通槽内。
所述的小中板内镶嵌有与双金属片电连接的接线片,接线片上设有调节螺钉。
本发明具有如下有益效果:由于采取上述方案,在短路或漏电时,脱扣驱动器动作,铁芯推动锁扣,锁扣与杠杆脱开,杠杆能够自由旋转,跳扣动作,实现脱扣。由于锁扣作用在杠杆的长力臂上,跳扣作用在杠杆的短力臂上,因此在脱扣驱动器上铁芯产生很小的推力下就能使跳扣实现脱扣,解决了现有的小型断路器中跳扣与锁扣之间的脱扣力较大的问题,提高了漏电脱扣的灵敏度。本发明具有结构紧凑、脱扣力小及漏电时脱扣灵敏的特点,产品在工作中无需线路提供额外的电压作为产品的电源,就可以在漏电时起到保护作用。
附图说明
附图1是本发明的结构剖视图。
附图2是本发明的部件分布图。
附图3是本发明的整体外观图。
附图4是图1中A处放大图。
图中1-底座,2-中板,3-盖板,4-灭弧室,5-双金属片,6-零序电流互感器,7-脱扣驱动器,8-锁扣,9-跳扣,10-支架,11-动触头架,12-“U”型连杆,13-手柄,14-杠杆,15-支撑架,16-翅片,17-跳扣弹簧,18-挡片,19-滑槽,20-隔板,21-开口,22-大中板,23-小中板,24-通槽,25-接线片,26-调节螺钉。
具体实施方式:
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步说明:
由图1-图4所示,一种小型断路器,包括底座1、中板2、盖板3、灭弧室4、双金属片5、传动机构、零序电流互感器6及脱扣驱动器7,其中的传动机构主要由锁扣8、跳扣9、支架10、动触头架11、“U”型连杆12及手柄13组成,所述的锁扣8与跳扣9之间设有杠杆14,所述的杠杆14的长臂端与锁扣8相卡,杠杆14的短臂端与跳扣9相卡。在短路或漏电时,脱扣驱动器7动作,铁芯推动锁扣8,锁扣8与杠杆14脱开,杠杆14能够自由旋转,跳扣9动作,实现脱扣。由于锁扣8作用在杠杆14的长力臂上,跳扣9作用在杠杆14的短力臂上,因此在脱扣驱动器7上铁芯产生很小的推力下就能使跳扣9实现脱扣,解决了现有的小型断路器中跳扣9与锁扣8之间的脱扣力较大的问题,提高了漏电脱扣的灵敏度。本发明具有结构紧凑、脱扣力小及漏电时脱扣灵敏的特点,产品在工作中无需线路提供额外的电压作为产品的电源,就可以在漏电时起到保护作用。
由图1所示,所述的底座1内设有支撑架15,锁扣8、跳扣9及杠杆14分别通过销轴方式与支撑架15铰接。本实施例只体现了杠杆14一种安装方式,也可以不采用支撑架15,而将锁扣8、跳扣9及杠杆14分别通过销轴方式铰接在底座1与盖板3之间。
由图1结合图2所示,所述的锁扣8的侧面设有一翅片16,杠杆14与翅片16相卡。翅片16上方设有弯片,弯片与杠杆14相卡。锁扣8动作时,杠杆14与翅片16脱离,杠杆14自由转动。
由图1结合图2所示,所述的锁扣8的回转轴上方部分向双金属片5一侧弯曲并与双金属片5相对应。当过载时,双金属片5弯曲,推动锁扣8顺时针转动,锁扣8与杠杆14脱离,跳扣9脱扣。
由图1结合图2所示,所述的跳扣9上设有跳扣弹簧17,所述的跳扣弹簧17的一端卡在跳扣9本体上,另一端挂在杠杆14上。当锁扣8与杠杆14脱开后,跳扣弹簧17使杠杆14逆时针转动,跳扣9脱扣。
由图1结合图4所示,所述的动触头架11上设有挡片18,中板2上设有与挡片18相配合的滑槽19,滑槽19的侧面设有隔板20及开口21,挡片18能够沿滑槽19滑动并能打开或挡住所述的开口21。动触头与静触头接合时,挡片18挡住开口21,当动触头与静触头断开时,产生电弧不会进入动触头架11所在的腔室,当开距超过2/3时,开口21逐渐打开,形成内循环通道,此时电弧已经进入灭弧室4内。此结构避免了动触头与静触头刚断开时电弧通过开口21进入动触头架11所在的腔室并长时间滞留在动触头上,防止烧毁动触头,提高了短路分断能力。
由图1结合图2所示,所述的零序电流互感器6为电磁式零序电流互感器,所述的中板2由大中板22及小中板23两个分体组成,所述的零序电流互感器6置于大中板22及小中板23之间。零序电流互感器6采用性能较好的电磁式零序电流互感器,提高了漏电脱扣的灵敏度,改变了零序电流互感器6的安装位置,结构更加紧凑合理。
由图1结合图2所示,所述的大中板22上设有一个通槽24,灭弧室4置于通槽24内。灭弧室4位于底座1与盖板3之间,增大了灭弧室4的空间,灭弧效果好。
由图1结合图2所示,所述的小中板23内镶嵌有与双金属片5电连接的接线片25,接线片25上设有调节螺钉26。双金属片5直接与小中板23内的接线片25相连,占用空间少,结构紧凑。调节螺钉26的螺母镶嵌在小中板23内,小中板23上设有与调节螺钉26对应的通孔,通过调节螺钉26可以调整双金属片5的位置,便于调节。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种小型断路器,包括底座(1)、中板(2)、盖板(3)、灭弧室(4)、双金属片(5)、传动机构、零序电流互感器(6)及脱扣驱动器(7),其中的传动机构主要由锁扣(8)、跳扣(9)、支架(10)、动触头架(11)、“U”型连杆(12)及手柄(13)组成,其特征在于:所述的锁扣(8)与跳扣(9)之间设有杠杆(14),所述的杠杆(14)的长臂端与锁扣(8)相卡,杠杆(14)的短臂端与跳扣(9)相卡。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种小型断路器,其特征在于:所述的底座(1)内设有支撑架(15),锁扣(8)、跳扣(9)及杠杆(14)分别通过销轴方式与支撑架(15)铰接。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种小型断路器,其特征在于:锁扣(8)的侧面设有一翅片(16),杠杆(14)与翅片(14)相卡。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种小型断路器,其特征在于:锁扣(8)的回转轴上方部分向双金属片(5)一侧弯曲并与双金属片(5)相对应。
  5. 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种小型断路器,其特征在于:跳扣(9)上设有跳扣弹簧(17),所述的跳扣弹簧(17)的一端卡在跳扣(9)本体上,另一端挂在杠杆(14)上。
  6. 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种小型断路器,其特征在于:动触头架(11)上设有挡片(18),中板(2)上设有与挡片(18)相配合的滑槽(19),滑槽(19)的侧面设有隔板(20)及开口(21),挡片(18)能够沿滑槽(19)滑动并能打开或挡住所述的开口(21)。
  7. 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种小型断路器,其特征在于:所述的零序电流互感器(6)为电磁式零序电流互感器,所述的中板(2)由大中板(22)及小中板(23)两个分体组成,所述的零序电流互感器(6)置于大中板(22)及小中板(23)之间。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种小型断路器,其特征在于:所述的大中板(22)上设有一个通槽(24),灭弧室(4)置于通槽(24)内。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的一种小型断路器,其特征在于:小中板(23)内镶嵌有与双金属片(5)电连接的接线片(25),接线片(25)上设有调节螺钉(26)。
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CN114220700A (zh) * 2021-12-25 2022-03-22 浙江新控电气科技有限公司 多功能控制与保护开关电器
CN114242529B (zh) * 2021-11-30 2023-07-21 国网江苏省电力有限公司盐城供电分公司 智能空气断路器

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CN110289198A (zh) * 2019-07-26 2019-09-27 贵州泰永长征技术股份有限公司 一种小型断路器的限流和快速分断结构
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