WO2012034434A1 - 真空热泵干衣方法及干衣机 - Google Patents

真空热泵干衣方法及干衣机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012034434A1
WO2012034434A1 PCT/CN2011/076206 CN2011076206W WO2012034434A1 WO 2012034434 A1 WO2012034434 A1 WO 2012034434A1 CN 2011076206 W CN2011076206 W CN 2011076206W WO 2012034434 A1 WO2012034434 A1 WO 2012034434A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
drum
heat
water
heat pump
vacuum
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2011/076206
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
舒海
吕佩师
邴进东
成荣锋
Original Assignee
海尔集团公司
青岛海尔洗衣机有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 海尔集团公司, 青岛海尔洗衣机有限公司 filed Critical 海尔集团公司
Priority to EP11824504.2A priority Critical patent/EP2617887B1/en
Priority to US13/822,884 priority patent/US9255732B2/en
Publication of WO2012034434A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012034434A1/zh

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F58/00—Domestic laundry dryers
    • D06F58/20—General details of domestic laundry dryers 
    • D06F58/24—Condensing arrangements
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F58/00—Domestic laundry dryers
    • D06F58/20—General details of domestic laundry dryers 
    • D06F58/206—Heat pump arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B11/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive
    • F26B11/02—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles
    • F26B11/04—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles rotating about a horizontal or slightly-inclined axis
    • F26B11/049—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles rotating about a horizontal or slightly-inclined axis with provisions for working under increased or reduced pressure, with or without heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B23/00—Heating arrangements
    • F26B23/001—Heating arrangements using waste heat
    • F26B23/002—Heating arrangements using waste heat recovered from dryer exhaust gases
    • F26B23/005—Heating arrangements using waste heat recovered from dryer exhaust gases using a closed cycle heat pump system ; using a heat pipe system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/52—Heat recovery pumps, i.e. heat pump based systems or units able to transfer the thermal energy from one area of the premises or part of the facilities to a different one, improving the overall efficiency
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a drying method and a clothes dryer, and more particularly to a drying method and a vacuum heat pump dryer for rapidly drying clothes under a vacuum.
  • Background Art In a drying mechanism for a clothes dryer or a washer-dryer, a device for generating heated air is often a heating method in which air is heated by a heater.
  • the existing electric dryers generally use a heating wire or a heating tube as a heat source, and such products have high energy consumption, long drying time and poor safety.
  • a heat pump dryer was developed, and a heat pump system was used to enhance the recycling of heat, improve heat utilization efficiency, and reduce power consumption.
  • the heat pump type clothes drying device is provided with an air circulation passage as follows: The heated air heated by the condenser in the heat pump circulation system is sent into the drying chamber containing the laundry, and the moisture absorption air that has taken moisture from the laundry is sent back. Dehumidification is carried out at the evaporator, and the dehumidified air is again heated by the condenser and sent to the drying chamber.
  • the energy consumption of these heat pump dryers is reduced, the drying speed is not improved, and the drying process takes a long time. Generally, it takes 2-3 hours to dry the 7-8KG clothes. In order to remove the moisture in the clothes in a short time, various ways have been taken to achieve this.
  • the method adopted by the dryer is to raise the temperature, strengthen the surface air circulation, and increase the evaporation area. Despite these methods, the energy consumption and time of the drying process remain high. And drying the clothes at a high temperature, the fabric itself is damaged, and wrinkles and shrinkage are easily generated.
  • the Chinese Patent Application No. 200610153406. 9 discloses a laundry drying apparatus capable of achieving a stable operation of a heat pump that produces dry clothes air circulating between a drying chamber and a heat pump. Wherein, the air heated by the heater in the heat pump is sent into the water tank as a drying chamber, and the air discharged from the water tank passes through the filter unit, returns to the heat pump, is dehumidified by the heat absorber, and then sent to the heater. Form an air circulation passage.
  • the filter unit is provided with a lint filter, and is provided with a pipe communicating with the air discharge port and the air introduction port.
  • the above-mentioned drying device has not improved in terms of the drying speed, and the drying process takes a long time.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a method for reducing drying energy consumption and speeding up drying. Vacuum heat pump drying method for clothing speed.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a vacuum heat pump dryer that uses a heat pump system, a steam generating device, and a vacuuming device to improve drying efficiency.
  • the basic idea of adopting the technical solution of the present invention is: a vacuum heat pump drying method, in which the laundry is placed in a sealed drum, and the internal pressure of the drum is made smaller by the action of the vacuum system, and is close to the vacuum state, The surface of the drum is heated by the heat pump system, and the laundry is brought into contact with the inner surface of the drum so that the laundry is heated to a temperature at which the moisture of the laundry evaporates, and the moisture in the laundry evaporates to form water vapor, which is carried away by the vacuum system.
  • the inside of the drum is vacuumed while introducing hot steam to increase the convective heat exchange between the clothes and the inner surface of the drum to achieve quick drying, water vapor generated by the heating of the clothes and the action of the clothes in the drum and the clothes.
  • the hot and humid mixed air formed by the hot steam is extracted by vacuuming, and is cooled by a heat pump system to be condensed into water and introduced into a water container.
  • the heat generated by the heat pump system compresses the refrigerant to heat the surface of the drum through the liquid medium.
  • the low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant exchanges heat with the hot and humid mixed air to absorb heat and cool the humid hot mixed air to condense into water, cooling and condensing.
  • the heat pump system works to generate heat so that the temperature of the liquid medium in the lower part of the immersion drum is maintained at 35 to 60 ° C, the temperature of the surface of the drum is 35 to 55 ° C, and the temperature in the drum is maintained at 30 °. 50 ° C.
  • the vacuum heat pump dryer comprises an outer cylinder, a driving device and a control device, and the dryer further comprises a sealed drum, a heat pump system, a vacuuming device and a steam generating device, and the steam generating device and the drum interior Connected to pass hot steam into the drum, the vacuuming device communicates with the inside of the drum to evacuate, and the heat pump system is disposed outside the drum, and the generated heat is exchanged with the outer surface of the drum through the liquid medium, and then the wet clothes in the drum are heated.
  • the heat pump system comprises a compressor, a condenser, a throttling device and an evaporator, and the compressor, the condenser, the throttling device, the evaporator and the compressor are sequentially connected by the refrigerant circulation pipe to form a circulation system.
  • the compressor compresses the refrigerant to transfer the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant generated to the condenser.
  • the refrigerant After passing through the condenser, the refrigerant releases heat, and the released heat is used to heat the surface of the drum, and the refrigerant passes through the condenser and is throttled.
  • the device is adjusted to become a low-pressure and low-temperature gas, and the low-temperature and low-pressure gas passes through the evaporator, and is exchanged in the evaporator through the hot and humid mixed air extracted by the vacuuming device, and absorbs heat from the moist heat mixed air, while the moist heat mixed air is cooled and condensed into water. .
  • the drum is rotatably disposed in an outer cylinder, and a liquid medium space is disposed between the lower cylinder and the outer cylinder, and heat released by the heat pump system is absorbed by the circulating water system, and the circulating water system passes the liquid medium through the circulating water pipeline and the water pump.
  • the condenser and the liquid medium circulate to achieve heat exchange.
  • the drum is rotatably disposed in an outer cylinder, and a liquid medium space is disposed between the lower cylinder and the outer cylinder, and the liquid medium space is filled with the liquid medium, and the condenser of the heat pump system is disposed in the liquid medium space, and the heat is directly released. Give liquid medium.
  • the vacuuming device utilizes the basic law of fluid mechanics, a Bernoulli equation principle, and the components thereof include a negative pressure injector, a centrifugal pump and a water collector, and the centrifugal pump sequentially connects the injector and the water collector to The centrifugal pump forms a circulating water path, and the vacuuming device further includes a vacuuming pipe, one end of which communicates with the drum, and the other end of which passes through the evaporator communicates with the injector.
  • the ejector is a venturi tube, and the side of the venturi outlet is connected to the vacuum line, and the centrifugal pump passes through the ejector, the sump, and then the circulating water path of the centrifugal pump through the ejector and the evaporator is connected.
  • the air and water inside, and the other end of the evaporator connected to the pipeline is sealingly connected with the drum to evacuate the gas in the drum, so that the air pressure in the drum becomes smaller than the vacuum, and the drum is saturated under the vacuum state.
  • the moist hot mixed air is collected into the sump through the water cooled by the evaporator in the vacuum line and condensed.
  • the steam generating device is in communication with the drum and the sump, and a part of the water in the sump is circulated in the circulation line, and a part of the water is introduced into the steam generating device, and a part of the water is discharged.
  • the present invention has the following advantageous effects as compared with the prior art.
  • the speed of the drying is accelerated, and the vacuuming device discharges the air and the water vapor in the drum, so that the pressure in the drum is close to the vacuum state, and the pressure in the cylinder is controlled to be 0. 03*10 5 ⁇ 0. l*10 5 Pa,
  • the heat pump system transfers the generated heat to the liquid medium between the drum and the outer cylinder, thereby indirectly heating the drum, and heat is exchanged in the evaporator through the hot and humid mixed air extracted by the vacuuming device to absorb heat from the moist heat mixed air. At the same time, the hot and humid mixed air is cooled and condensed into water.
  • the invention uses a heat pump system, a vacuuming device and a steam generating device on the clothes dryer, can speed up the drying speed, and can further reduce the energy consumption, and under the action of the vacuuming device, the air pressure in the drum is close to the vacuum state, here In the state, the boiling point of water is greatly reduced.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structural connection relationship of the vacuum heat pump dryer of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the connection relationship of another embodiment of the structure of the vacuum heat pump dryer of the present invention. detailed description
  • Drying clothes in the clothes dryer ultimately removes the moisture contained in the clothes.
  • various methods are used to achieve this purpose.
  • the method adopted by the clothes dryer is to raise the temperature.
  • Various methods such as enhancing surface air circulation, increasing evaporation area, and the like.
  • the boiling point of water is different, and the lower the gas pressure, the lower the boiling point.
  • the corresponding relationship between the two refers to the following table:
  • the ideal vacuum also known as the absolute vacuum
  • the vacuum referred to in real life generally has a very thin atmosphere, so the artificially created vacuum state is atmospheric, rather than absolute zero atmospheric pressure.
  • the invention adopts a vacuum heat pump drying method, puts the laundry in the sealed drum, and reduces the internal air pressure of the drum by the action of the vacuum system, and is close to the vacuum state, and simultaneously heats the surface of the drum through the heat pump system, and the inside of the drum and the drum
  • the surface contact causes the laundry to be heated to a temperature at which the moisture of the laundry evaporates, the moisture in the laundry evaporates continuously to form water vapor, is carried away by the vacuum system, and the inside of the drum is evacuated while introducing hot steam to increase convective heat exchange between the inner surface of the laundry and the drum to achieve Quickly dry clothes.
  • the water vapor generated by the heating of the clothes and the inside of the drum are The hot and humid mixed air formed by the hot steam after the action of the clothes is extracted by vacuuming, and is cooled and condensed into water by the heat pump system to be introduced into a water container; and the heat generated by the heat pump system compressing the refrigerant heats the surface of the drum through the liquid medium.
  • the low-pressure low-temperature refrigerant is exchanged with the moist heat mixed air to absorb heat, and the moist heat mixed air is cooled and condensed into water, and the cooled condensed water is collected and then heated to be converted into hot steam into the drum.
  • the drying method adopted by the present invention utilizes the relationship between the boiling point of water and the pressure of air. At a lower pressure, water can boil at a lower heating temperature, and the water vapor is extracted to achieve the purpose of quick drying. . Since the clothes are dried at a low temperature, the defects of high temperature damage to the clothes are overcome.
  • the vacuum heat pump dryer according to the present invention comprises an outer cylinder 1, a driving device and a control device, and the dryer further comprises a sealed drum 2, a heat pump system, a vacuuming device and steam generation.
  • the device 3 the steam generating device 3 passes the hot steam into the drum, the vacuum device communicates with the inside of the drum to evacuate, and the heat generated by the heat pump system is heated by the liquid medium to the outer surface of the drum to heat the wet clothes in the drum, and at the same time
  • the water vapor generated by the vacuuming device extracted from the drum and the hot steam mixed into the drum and the hot steam after the laundry acts to cool and condense into water, and the vacuum device extracts the cooled water and steam.
  • the water supply of the generating device is connected.
  • the heat pump system comprises a compressor 4, a condenser 5, a throttling device and an evaporator 6.
  • the throttling device comprises a refrigerant bottle 7 and a regulating valve 8, and the compressor 4 and the condenser are sequentially arranged by the refrigerant circulating pipe. 5.
  • the refrigerant bottle 7, the regulating valve 8, the evaporator 6 and then the compressor 4 are connected to form a circulation system.
  • the vacuuming device utilizes the basic law of fluid mechanics, a Bernoulli equation principle, and its components include an ejector 9, which is vacuumed, a centrifugal pump 10, and a sump 11, which are sequentially connected to the ejector 9 by a centrifugal pump 10.
  • the water collector 11 to the centrifugal pump 10 forms a circulation water path, and the vacuuming device further includes an evacuation line 12, one end of which communicates with the drum 2, and the other end of which passes through the evaporator 6 communicates with the injector 9.
  • the ejector 9 is a venturi tube, and the side of the venturi outlet is connected to the vacuum line 12, and is sequentially pumped by the centrifugal pump 10 through the ejector 9, the sump 11 and the circulating water of the centrifugal pump 10 through the ejector and
  • the air and water in the pipeline connected by the evaporator, and the other end of the evaporator 6 connected to the pipeline is sealingly connected with the drum 2 to evacuate the gas in the drum, so that the pressure inside the drum becomes smaller and close to the vacuum, and will be
  • the moist heat mixed air saturated in the drum near the vacuum state is collected into the sump 11 through the water cooled and condensed by the evaporator 6 in the evacuation line 12.
  • the steam generating device 3 is in communication with the drum 2 and the sump 11, respectively, and a part of the water in the sump 11 is circulated in the circulating water path, and a part of the water is introduced into the steam generating device 3, and a part of the water is discharged.
  • the compressor 4 compresses the refrigerant to transfer the generated high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant to the condenser 5. After the condenser 5, the refrigerant releases heat, and the released heat is absorbed by the circulating water system of the condenser to heat the surface of the drum.
  • the agent After passing through the condenser 5, the agent is adjusted by the refrigerant bottle 7 and the regulating valve 8 to become a low-pressure low-temperature gas, and the low-temperature low-pressure gas passes through the evaporator 6, and is exchanged in the evaporator 6 by the hot and humid mixed air extracted by the vacuuming device.
  • the hot and humid mixed air absorbs heat while the hot and humid mixed air cools and condenses into water.
  • the drum 2 is rotatably disposed in an outer cylinder 1, and a liquid medium space 15 is disposed between the lower portion of the drum 2 and the outer cylinder 1.
  • the heat released by the heat pump system is absorbed by the circulating water system, and the circulating water system passes through the circulating water pipeline 14.
  • the water pump 13 circulates the liquid medium in the condenser 5 and the liquid medium space 15 to realize heat exchange.
  • the circulating water line 14 is sequentially passed through the water pump 13 and the condenser 5 from the outlet below the liquid medium space 15 to the liquid medium space.
  • the lower portion of the drum 2 is partially immersed in the liquid medium of the liquid medium space 15, and the heat pump system works to generate heat so that the temperature of the liquid medium in the lower portion of the immersion drum is maintained at 35 to 60 ° C, and the temperature of the surface of the drum is 35 to 55 ° C.
  • the temperature is maintained at 30 to 50 °C.
  • the difference between the embodiment and the above embodiment is that the heat pump system has different heat transfer modes for heating the surface of the drum.
  • the above structure is heat exchange through the circulating water system.
  • the condenser is directly used to dissipate heat to the liquid medium.
  • the heating method reduces the loss of heat, so that the temperature inside the drum can be raised by 2 to 5 °C than the temperature of the above structure heating.
  • the liquid medium space 15 between the lower portion of the drum 2 and the outer cylinder 1 is filled with a liquid medium, and the condenser 5 of the heat pump system is disposed in the liquid medium space 15, and the heat released by the condenser 5 directly heats the liquid medium, thereby reducing
  • the circulating water system in the above structure acts as an intermediate heat transfer, reducing the loss of heat transfer.
  • the invention uses a heat pump system, a vacuuming device and a steam generating device on the clothes dryer, can speed up the drying speed, and can further reduce the energy consumption, and under the action of the vacuuming device, the air pressure in the drum is close to the vacuum state, here In the state, the boiling point of water is greatly reduced.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Detail Structures Of Washing Machines And Dryers (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Description

真空热泵干衣方法及干衣机 技术领域
本发明涉及一种干衣方法和干衣机， 尤其是一种在接近真空状态下快速烘干衣物的干 衣方法及真空热泵干衣机。 背景技术 在用于衣物干燥机或者洗衣干衣机的干燥机构中， 生成加热空气的装置大多采用通过 加热器来加热空气的加热方式。 现有电热式干衣机一般采用加热丝或加热管作为热源， 此 类产品能耗高， 烘干时间长且安全性差。 为了降低能耗， 开发出了热泵式干衣机， 使用热 泵系统， 加强对热量的循环利用， 提高热量的利用效率， 降低电能的消耗。 热泵式衣物干燥装置中设置有如下的空气循环通道： 由热泵循环系统中的冷凝器进行 过加热的加热空气被送入装有衣物的干燥室内， 从衣物中夺取了水分的吸湿空气被送回到 蒸发器处进行除湿， 除湿后的空气再次由冷凝器加热， 并送入干燥室中。 虽然这些热泵干衣机的能耗有所降低， 但是干衣速度方面， 没有提高， 干衣过程所需 时间仍然较长， 一般烘干 7-8KG衣物需要 2-3个小时。 为了短时间内除去衣物中的水分， 人们采取各种方式来实现这一目的， 干衣机所采用的方法是升高温度， 加强表面空气流通， 增大蒸发面积。 尽管使用这些方法， 但干衣过程的能耗和时间依然居高不下。 且在高温下 烘干衣物， 对织物本身有破坏， 并容易产生皱褶和縮水。 申请号为 200610153406. 9的中国专利公开了一种能够使产生在干燥室与热泵之间循环 的干衣空气的热泵实现稳定操作的衣物干燥装置。 其中， 由热泵中的加热器进行过加热的 空气送入作为干燥室的盛水桶中， 从盛水桶排出的空气穿过过滤器单元后回到热泵， 由吸 热器除湿之后再送至加热器， 形成空气循环通道。 过滤器单元中设有线屑过滤器， 并且设 有与空气排出口及空气导入口相连通的管道。 上述干衣装置在干衣速度方面， 仍然没有提高， 干衣过程所需时间仍然较长。 有鉴于此特提出本发明。 发明内容 本发明要解决的技术问题在于克服现有技术的不足， 提供一种降低烘干能耗、 加快干 衣速度的真空热泵干衣方法。 本发明的另一目的在于提供一种使用热泵系统、 蒸汽发生装置和抽真空装置以提高干 衣效率的真空热泵干衣机。 为解决上述技术问题， 本发明采用技术方案的基本构思是： 一种真空热泵干衣方法， 衣物放于密封的滚筒内， 通过真空系统的作用， 使滚筒内部气压变小， 接近真空状态， 同 时通过热泵系统为滚筒表面加热， 衣物与滚筒内表面接触使得衣物被加热到衣物水分蒸发 的温度， 衣物内水分不断蒸发形成水蒸气， 被真空系统带走。 在烘干衣物的过程中， 滚筒内部抽真空的同时通入热蒸汽增加衣物和滚筒内表面的对 流热交换以实现快速干衣， 衣物加热产生的水蒸气和通入滚筒内与衣物作用后的热蒸汽共 同形成的湿热混合空气通过抽真空抽出， 经过热泵系统冷却凝结成水导入一盛水容器内。 热泵系统对制冷剂进行压縮产生的热量通过液体介质为滚筒表面加热， 加热后将低压 低温的制冷剂与湿热混合空气进行热交换吸收热量并使湿热混合空气冷却并凝结成水， 冷 却凝结的水收集后一部分加热转化为热蒸汽通入滚筒内。 滚筒下部分浸在液体介质里， 热泵系统工作产生热量使浸没滚筒下部分的液体介质的 温度保持在 35〜60°C， 滚筒表面的温度 35〜55°C， 滚筒内的温度维持在 30〜50°C。 本发明所述的真空热泵干衣机， 包括外筒、 驱动装置和控制装置， 所述的干衣机还包 括密封的滚筒、 热泵系统、 抽真空装置及蒸汽发生装置， 蒸汽发生装置与滚筒内部连通以 将热蒸汽通入滚筒内， 抽真空装置与滚筒内部连通以抽真空， 热泵系统设于滚筒外部， 所 产生的热量通过液体介质与滚筒外表面热交换， 继而为滚筒内的湿衣物加热， 同时将抽真 空装置从滚筒内抽出的由衣物加热产生的水蒸气和通入滚筒内与衣物作用后的热蒸汽共同 形成的湿热混合空气冷却并凝结成水， 抽出湿热蒸汽冷凝成的水与蒸汽发生装置的供水相 通。 所述的热泵系统包括压縮机、 冷凝器、 节流装置及蒸发器， 由制冷剂循环管道依次将 压縮机、 冷凝器、 节流装置、 蒸发器再至压縮机连接组成循环系统， 压縮机对制冷剂进行 压縮将产生的高温高压的制冷剂转移至冷凝器， 通过冷凝器后制冷剂释放热量， 释放的热 量用于为滚筒表面加热， 制冷剂通过冷凝器后经节流装置调节， 成为低压低温的气体， 低 温低压气体通过蒸发器， 在蒸发器内通过与抽真空装置抽出的湿热混合空气热交换， 从湿 热混合空气中吸收热量， 同时湿热混合空气冷却并凝结成水。 所述的滚筒可转动地设于一外筒内， 滚筒下方与外筒之间为液体介质空间， 热泵系统 释放的热量通过循环水系统吸收， 循环水系统通过循环水管路和水泵将液体介质在冷凝器 和液体介质空间循环实现热交换。 所述的滚筒可转动地设于一外筒内， 滚筒下方与外筒之间为液体介质空间， 液体介质 空间内充满液体介质， 热泵系统的冷凝器设于该液体介质空间内， 热量直接释放给液体介 质。 所述的抽真空装置利用流体力学中的基本定律一伯努利方程原理， 其组成部分包括抽 负压的喷射器、 离心泵和集水器， 由离心泵依次连通喷射器、 集水器到离心泵形成一循环 水路， 抽真空装置还包括抽真空管路， 一端连通滚筒， 经过蒸发器后的另一端连通喷射器。 所述的喷射器为文丘里管， 文丘里管出口的侧面与真空管路连通， 由离心泵依次通过 喷射器、集水器再到离心泵的循环水路通过喷射器抽取和蒸发器连接的管路内的空气和水， 而和该管路连接的蒸发器的另一端和滚筒密封连接， 以抽空滚筒内的气体， 使得滚筒内气 压变小接近真空， 且将在接近真空状态下， 滚筒内饱和的湿热混合空气通过抽真空管路内 经过蒸发器冷却并凝结成的水收集到集水器内。 所述的蒸汽发生装置分别与滚筒和集水器连通， 集水器内的水一部分在循环管路中循 环， 一部分通入蒸汽发生装置， 多余的一部分水排出。 采用上述技术方案后， 本发明与现有技术相比具有以下有益效果。 本发明真空热泵干衣机工作时， 把衣物放入滚筒后关好干衣机门， 实现滚筒的完全密 封， 电机通过皮带带动滚筒转动， 用于翻转筒内衣物， 实现衣物的抖散蓬松， 加快烘干速 度， 抽真空装置排放滚筒内的空气和水蒸汽， 使滚筒内接近真空状态， 并能使筒内压力控 制在 0. 03*105〜0. l*105Pa之间，所述的热泵系统将产生的热量传递到滚筒和外筒之间的液 体介质， 从而间接加热滚筒， 在蒸发器内通过与抽真空装置抽出的湿热混合空气热交换， 从湿热混合空气中吸收热量， 同时湿热混合空气冷却并凝结成水。
由于在不同的气压下， 水的沸点不同， 气压越低， 沸点也越低， 水蒸汽达到饱和状态 的温度也越低。 本发明在干衣机上使用热泵系统、 抽真空装置及蒸汽发生装置， 可以加快 干衣速度， 同时能够进一步降低能耗， 在抽真空装置的作用下， 使滚筒内的气压接近真空 状态， 在此状态下， 水的沸点会极大的降低。 因而， 只需要较低的温度， 就能使水达到沸 腾， 可实现水分的快速蒸发； 从而实现衣物的低温烘干， 降低对衣物的损坏； 使用热泵系 统提供热量给滚筒加热， 也可对热湿混合空气的能量进行回收并且将湿热混合空气冷凝结 成水， 提高冷热交换的利用效率， 降低能耗； 在抽真空加热的状态下， 向滚筒内注入热蒸 汽， 能够提高滚筒内衣物的热交换且保护衣物， 提高了干衣机安全性， 杜绝了起火的隐患。
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细的描述。
附图说明
图 1是本发明真空热泵干衣机结构连接关系示意图；
图 2是本发明真空热泵干衣机结构另一实施方案的连接关系示意图。 具体实施方式
干衣机烘干衣物最终是去除衣物中含有的水分， 为了能够在短时间内除去衣物中的水 分， 人们采取各种方式来实现这一目的， 干衣机所采用的方法是升高温度， 加强表面空气 流通， 增大蒸发面积等等各种方法。 在不同的气压下， 水的沸点不同， 气压越低， 沸点也 越低。 两者对应关系参考下表：
Figure imgf000006_0001
由表中数据可看出，在 0. 03*10〜0. 1*10 Pa的气压下，水在 24°C〜45. 8°C下即可发生 沸腾， 即在气压足够低时， 水在较低温度， 甚至常温下也可达到沸点， 可以实现较低温度 下的快速蒸发。
理想真空， 也就是常说的绝对真空， 而这个状态是不存在的。 一般情况下在真空里面 还有少量的气体， 所以也是有压强的。 在实际生活中所指的真空一般有很稀薄的大气， 所 以人为制造的真空状态是具有大气压的， 而不是绝对的零大气压。
本发明采用一种真空热泵干衣方法， 将衣物放于密封的滚筒内， 通过真空系统的作用， 使滚筒内部气压变小， 接近真空状态， 同时通过热泵系统为滚筒表面加热， 衣物与滚筒内 表面接触使得衣物被加热到衣物水分蒸发的温度， 衣物内水分不断蒸发形成水蒸气， 被真 空系统带走， 滚筒内部抽真空的同时通入热蒸汽增加衣物和滚筒内表面的对流热交换以实 现快速干衣。 其中， 滚筒内在烘干衣物的过程中， 衣物加热产生的水蒸气和通入滚筒内与 衣物作用后的热蒸汽共同形成的湿热混合空气通过抽真空抽出， 经过热泵系统冷却凝结成 水导入一盛水容器内； 而热泵系统对制冷剂进行压縮产生的热量通过液体介质为滚筒表面 加热， 加热后将低压低温的制冷剂与湿热混合空气进行热交换吸收热量并使湿热混合空气 冷却并凝结成水， 冷却凝结的水收集后一部分加热转化为热蒸汽通入滚筒内。 本发明所采用的干衣方法利用水的沸点和气压的变化关系， 在较低的气压下， 水在较 低的加热温度下即可发生沸腾， 将水蒸气抽出， 从而达到快速干衣的目的。 由于是低温烘 干衣物， 从而克服了高温对衣物损坏的缺陷。 如图 1所示，本发明所述的真空热泵干衣机， 包括外筒 1、 驱动装置和控制装置， 所述 的干衣机还包括密封的滚筒 2、 热泵系统、 抽真空装置及蒸汽发生装置 3， 蒸汽发生装置 3 将热蒸汽通入滚筒内， 抽真空装置与滚筒内部连通以抽真空， 热泵系统产生的热量通过液 体介质与滚筒外表面热交换为滚筒内的湿衣物加热， 同时将抽真空装置从滚筒内抽出的由 衣物加热产生的水蒸气和通入滚筒内与衣物作用后的热蒸汽共同形成的湿热混合空气冷却 并凝结成水， 抽真空装置抽出冷却凝成的水与蒸汽发生装置的供水相通。 所述的热泵系统包括压縮机 4、 冷凝器 5、 节流装置及蒸发器 6， 节流装置包括制冷剂 瓶 7和调节阀 8， 由制冷剂循环管道依次将压縮机 4、 冷凝器 5、 制冷剂瓶 7、 调节阀 8、 蒸 发器 6再至压縮机 4连接组成循环系统。 所述的抽真空装置利用流体力学中的基本定律一伯努利方程原理， 其组成部分包括抽 负压的喷射器 9、 离心泵 10和集水器 11， 由离心泵 10依次连通喷射器 9、 集水器 11到离 心泵 10形成一循环水路， 抽真空装置还包括抽真空管路 12， 一端连通滚筒 2， 经过蒸发器 6后的另一端连通喷射器 9。 所述的喷射器 9为文丘里管， 文丘里管出口的侧面与真空管路 12连通， 由离心泵 10 依次通过喷射器 9、集水器 11再到离心泵 10的循环水路通过喷射器抽取和蒸发器连接的管 路内的空气和水， 而和该管路连接的蒸发器 6的另一端和滚筒 2密封连接， 以抽空滚筒内 的气体， 使得滚筒内气压变小接近真空， 且将在接近真空状态下滚筒内饱和的湿热混合空 气通过抽真空管路 12内经过蒸发器 6冷却并凝结成的水收集到集水器 11内。 所述的蒸汽发生装置 3分别与滚筒 2和集水器 11连通， 集水器 11内的水一部分在循 环水路循环， 一部分通入蒸汽发生装置 3， 多余的一部分水排出。 压縮机 4对制冷剂进行压縮将产生的高温高压的制冷剂转移至冷凝器 5， 通过冷凝器 5 后制冷剂释放热量， 释放的热量被通过冷凝器的循环水系统吸收以为滚筒表面加热， 制冷 剂通过冷凝器 5后经制冷剂瓶 7和调节阀 8调节， 成为低压低温的气体， 低温低压气体通 过蒸发器 6， 在蒸发器 6内通过与抽真空装置抽出的湿热混合空气热交换， 从湿热混合空气 中吸收热量， 同时湿热混合空气冷却并凝结成水。 所述的滚筒 2可转动地设于一外筒 1内，滚筒 2下方与外筒 1之间为液体介质空间 15， 热泵系统释放的热量通过循环水系统吸收， 循环水系统通过循环水管路 14和水泵 13将液 体介质在冷凝器 5和液体介质空间 15循环实现热交换， 具体的为， 循环水管路 14由液体 介质空间 15下方的出口依次通过水泵 13、 冷凝器 5再到该液体介质空间上方的入口。 滚筒 2下部分浸在液体介质空间 15的液体介质里， 热泵系统工作产生热量使浸没滚筒 下部分的液体介质的温度保持在 35〜60°C， 滚筒表面的温度 35〜55°C， 滚筒内的温度维持 在 30〜50°C。 如图 2所示， 本实施例与上述实施方案的区别在于热泵系统为滚筒表面加热的传递热 量方式不同， 上述结构为通过循环水系统的热量交换， 本实施例采用冷凝器直接散热给液 体介质加热的方式， 减少了热量的损失， 使得滚筒内的温度能够比上述结构加热的温度提 升 2- 5°C。 具体为在滚筒 2下方与外筒 1之间的液体介质空间 15内充满液体介质， 热泵系统的冷 凝器 5设于该液体介质空间 15内， 冷凝器 5释放的热量直接加热液体介质， 减少了上述结 构中的循环水系统作为中间热传递， 减少了热传递的损失。 本发明在干衣机上使用热泵系统、 抽真空装置及蒸汽发生装置， 可以加快干衣速度， 同时能够进一步降低能耗， 在抽真空装置的作用下， 使滚筒内的气压接近真空状态， 在此 状态下， 水的沸点会极大的降低。 因而， 只需要较低的温度， 就能使水达到沸腾， 可实现 水分的快速增发； 从而实现衣物的低温烘干， 降低对衣物的损坏； 使用热泵系统提供热量 给滚筒加热， 也可对热湿混合空气的能量进行回收并且将湿热混合空气冷凝结成水， 提高 冷热交换的利用效率， 降低能耗； 在抽真空加热的状态下， 向滚筒内注入热蒸汽， 能够提 高滚筒内衣物的热交换且保护衣物。
上述结构仅仅是对本发明的优选实施例进行描述， 并非对本发明的构思和范围进行限 定， 在不脱离本发明设计思想的前提下， 本领域中技术人员对本发明的技术方案作出的各 种变化和改进， 均属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims

WO 2012/034434 权 利 要 求 书 PCT/CN2011/076206
1、 一种真空热泵干衣方法， 其特征在于： 衣物放于密封的滚筒内， 通过真空系统的作 用， 使滚筒内部气压变小， 接近真空状态， 同时通过热泵系统为滚筒表面加热， 衣物与滚 筒内表面接触使得衣物被加热到衣物水分蒸发的温度， 衣物内水分不断蒸发形成水蒸气， 被真空系统带走。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的真空热泵干衣方法， 其特征在于： 在烘干衣物的过程中， 滚 筒内部抽真空的同时通入热蒸汽增加衣物和滚筒内表面的对流热交换以实现快速干衣， 衣 物加热产生的水蒸气和通入滚筒内与衣物作用后的热蒸汽共同形成的湿热混合空气通过抽 真空抽出， 经过热泵系统冷却凝结成水导入一盛水容器内。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的真空热泵干衣方法， 其特征在于： 热泵系统对制冷剂进行压 縮产生的热量通过液体介质为滚筒表面加热， 加热后将低压低温的制冷剂与湿热混合空气 进行热交换吸收热量并使湿热混合空气冷却并凝结成水， 冷却凝结的水收集后一部分加热 转化为热蒸汽通入滚筒内。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的真空热泵干衣方法， 其特征在于： 滚筒下部分浸在液体介质 里， 热泵系统工作产生热量使浸没滚筒下部分的液体介质的温度保持在 35〜60°C， 滚筒表 面的温度 35〜55°C， 滚筒内的温度维持在 30〜50°C。
5、一种用于如权利要求 1-4任一所述真空热泵干衣方法的真空热泵干衣机，包括外筒、 驱动装置和控制装置， 其特征在于： 所述的干衣机还包括密封的滚筒、 热泵系统、 抽真空 装置及蒸汽发生装置， 蒸汽发生装置与滚筒内部连通以将热蒸汽通入滚筒内， 抽真空装置 与滚筒内部连通以抽真空， 热泵系统设于滚筒外部， 所产生的热量通过液体介质与滚筒外 表面热交换， 继而为滚筒内的湿衣物加热， 同时将抽真空装置从滚筒内抽出的由衣物加热 产生的水蒸气和通入滚筒内与衣物作用后的热蒸汽共同形成的湿热混合空气冷却并凝结成 水， 抽出湿热蒸汽冷凝成的水与蒸汽发生装置的供水相通。
6、根据权利要求 1所述的真空热泵干衣机，其特征在于： 所述的热泵系统包括压縮机、 冷凝器、 节流装置及蒸发器， 由制冷剂循环管道依次将压縮机、 冷凝器、 节流装置、 蒸发 器再至压縮机连接组成循环系统， 压縮机对制冷剂进行压縮将产生的高温高压的制冷剂转 移至冷凝器， 通过冷凝器后制冷剂释放热量， 释放的热量用于为滚筒表面加热， 制冷剂通 过冷凝器后经节流装置调节， 成为低压低温的气体， 低温低压气体通过蒸发器， 在蒸发器 内通过与抽真空装置抽出的湿热混合空气热交换， 从湿热混合空气中吸收热量， 同时湿热 混合空气冷却并凝结成水。 WO 2012/034434 权 利 要 求 书 PCT/CN2011/076206
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的真空热泵干衣机， 其特征在于： 所述的滚筒可转动地设于一 外筒内， 滚筒下方与外筒之间为液体介质空间， 热泵系统释放的热量通过循环水系统吸收， 循环水系统通过循环水管路和水泵将液体介质在冷凝器和液体介质空间循环实现热交换。
8、 根据权利要求 6所述的真空热泵干衣机， 其特征在于： 所述的滚筒可转动地设于一 外筒内， 滚筒下方与外筒之间为液体介质空间， 液体介质空间内充满液体介质， 热泵系统 的冷凝器设于该液体介质空间内， 热量直接释放给液体介质。
9、 根据权利要求 6所述的真空热泵干衣机， 其特征在于： 所述的抽真空装置包括抽负 压的喷射器、 离心泵和集水器， 由离心泵依次连通喷射器、 集水器到离心泵形成一循环水 路， 抽真空装置还包括抽真空管路， 一端连通滚筒， 经过蒸发器后的另一端连通喷射器。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的真空热泵干衣机， 其特征在于： 所述的喷射器为文丘里管， 文丘里管出口的侧面与真空管路连通， 由离心泵依次通过喷射器、 集水器再到离心泵的循 环水路通过喷射器抽取和蒸发器连接的管路内的空气和水， 而和该管路连接的蒸发器的另 一端和滚筒密封连接， 以抽空滚筒内的气体， 使得滚筒内气压变小接近真空， 且将在接近 真空状态下， 滚筒内饱和的湿热混合空气通过抽真空管路内经过蒸发器冷却并凝结成的水 收集到集水器内。
11、 根据权利要求 10所述的真空热泵干衣机， 其特征在于： 所述的蒸汽发生装置分别 与滚筒和集水器连通， 集水器内的水一部分在循环管路中循环， 一部分通入蒸汽发生装置， 多余的一部分水被排出。
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