WO2014110957A1 - 一种低压干衣机 - Google Patents

一种低压干衣机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2014110957A1
WO2014110957A1 PCT/CN2013/089818 CN2013089818W WO2014110957A1 WO 2014110957 A1 WO2014110957 A1 WO 2014110957A1 CN 2013089818 W CN2013089818 W CN 2013089818W WO 2014110957 A1 WO2014110957 A1 WO 2014110957A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
drum
air
heat
low
clothes dryer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2013/089818
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
邴进东
姚龙平
成荣锋
朱冬冬
杨坤
路三伟
Original Assignee
海尔集团公司
青岛海尔洗衣机有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 海尔集团公司, 青岛海尔洗衣机有限公司 filed Critical 海尔集团公司
Publication of WO2014110957A1 publication Critical patent/WO2014110957A1/zh

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F58/00—Domestic laundry dryers
    • D06F58/20—General details of domestic laundry dryers 
    • D06F58/206—Heat pump arrangements
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F58/00—Domestic laundry dryers
    • D06F58/20—General details of domestic laundry dryers 
    • D06F58/26—Heating arrangements, e.g. gas heating equipment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B11/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive
    • F26B11/02—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles
    • F26B11/04—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles rotating about a horizontal or slightly-inclined axis
    • F26B11/049—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles rotating about a horizontal or slightly-inclined axis with provisions for working under increased or reduced pressure, with or without heating
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F58/00—Domestic laundry dryers
    • D06F58/02—Domestic laundry dryers having dryer drums rotating about a horizontal axis
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F58/00—Domestic laundry dryers
    • D06F58/02—Domestic laundry dryers having dryer drums rotating about a horizontal axis
    • D06F58/04—Details 
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F58/00—Domestic laundry dryers
    • D06F58/20—General details of domestic laundry dryers 
    • D06F58/24—Condensing arrangements

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a clothes dryer, and more particularly to a clothes dryer which utilizes low pressure and low boiling point conditions to achieve rapid drying of laundry.
  • BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Whether it is drying clothes in the sun or drying clothes using drying equipment, the ultimate goal is to remove the moisture contained in the clothes and make the clothes dry. Since drying clothes are limited by weather factors, more and more drying equipment is used to dry clothes.
  • a heater In a drying mechanism for a clothes dryer or a washer-dryer, a heater is used to heat the air.
  • the existing electric dryers generally use a heating wire or a heating tube as a heat source, and such products have high energy consumption, long drying time and poor safety.
  • a heat pump dryer was developed, and a heat pump system was used to enhance the recycling of heat, improve heat utilization efficiency, and reduce power consumption.
  • the heat pump type clothes drying device is provided with the following air circulation passages:
  • the dry cold air is heated by the condenser of the heat pump system, and the hot air is sent into the drying chamber containing the clothes, and the moisture is taken from the clothes to become hot and humid air, which is hot and humid.
  • the evaporator of the heat pump system precipitates water vapor while the evaporator recovers heat, and the dehumidified air is again heated by the condenser and sent to the drying chamber.
  • the energy consumption of these heat pump dryers is reduced, the drying speed is not improved, and the drying process takes a long time. Generally, it takes 2-3 hours to dry the 7-8KG clothes. In order to remove the moisture in the clothes in a short time, various ways have been taken to achieve this.
  • the method adopted by the dryer is to raise the temperature, strengthen the surface air circulation, and increase the evaporation area. Despite these methods, the energy consumption and time of the drying process remain high. And drying the clothes at a high temperature, the fabric itself is damaged, and wrinkles and shrinkage are easily generated.
  • the above-mentioned drying device has not improved in terms of the drying speed, and the drying process takes a long time.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a low-pressure dryer that reduces drying energy consumption, speeds up drying, and improves drying efficiency.
  • a low-pressure dryer comprising a sealable rotatable drum, an outer chamber accommodating the drum, a heating device for heating the drum, and an air inside the drum
  • the pumping device further includes a valve for controlling the inside of the drum to communicate with the outside to adjust the air pressure inside the drum, wherein the heating device is disposed outside the drum and inside the outer chamber, and includes heat for transferring heat to the outer surface of the drum.
  • the heat transfer medium and the heater disposed in the heat transfer medium.
  • the rear end portion of the drum is coaxially provided with a hollow drum shaft, and the drum shaft is provided with a vent pipe that communicates with the outside of the drum, and the vent tube and the drum shaft are oppositely rotated, and both ends are extended to the drum.
  • the shaft is sealed between the end of the drum shaft and the vent pipe, and the gas venting pipe is provided at one end of the vent pipe.
  • a gap between the inside of the drum shaft and the vent pipe forms an air suction passage communicating with the inside of the drum, and a side of the drum shaft is provided with a suction hole communicating with the vacuuming device.
  • the pressure in the drum is maintained between 0. 005-0. OlMpa, so that the boiling point of the water is different, the lower the gas pressure, the lower the boiling point.
  • the moisture is vaporized at a temperature of 33_45 ° C.
  • the lower boiling temperature is used to save the heater heating time, reduce energy consumption, save drying time, and improve drying efficiency.
  • the drum is provided with a partition plate, and the partition plate divides the inside of the drum into a laundry chamber and a pumping chamber, and the pumping chamber is formed between the partition plate and the rear end portion of the drum, and the pumping passage and the pumping passage are formed.
  • the air chambers communicate with each other, and the partition plate is provided with a plurality of vent holes and a vent pipe perforation, and the vent pipe corresponds to one end of the inner portion of the drum through the air venting chamber to the vent hole perforation or through the vent pipe.
  • the baffle structure communicates the pumping chamber with the clothes chamber through the vent hole, relatively amplifying the path of the pumping, and avoids the possibility that the drum in the drum directly accumulates in the drum to block the pumping passage at the rear.
  • the partition plate is a curved plate, which is installed corresponding to the connection between the drum shaft and the rear end portion of the drum, and the periphery is smoothly connected with the inner wall of the rear end portion of the drum. It prevents the deformation of the clothes caused by the partition structure of the drying process, and does not affect the amount of laundry inside the drum.
  • the radius r of the baffle and the radius R of the inside of the drum satisfy: R/5 r R, and the maximum length of the axial direction of the pumping chamber is less than one tenth of the axial length of the drum.
  • the front end of the drum is provided with a suction hole that communicates with the vacuuming device.
  • it is provided on the side wall of the laundry inlet.
  • the outer chamber of the present invention is composed of an outer cylinder disposed outside the drum, the drum is coaxially disposed in the outer cylinder, the heat conducting medium is liquid, and is disposed between the drum and the outer cylinder, and the liquid level is higher than the drum and the outer cylinder The difference in radius.
  • the heat transfer medium is a liquid having a good thermal conductivity such as water or a heat transfer oil, and is preferably water. Further, the outer cylinder wall located under the drum protrudes outwardly, and a concave space is formed therein.
  • the heater is disposed in the placement space, and the minimum distance between the heater and the drum is greater than between the drum and the outer cylinder. The minimum radius difference.
  • the lower part of the drum is always in contact with water or heat-conducting oil.
  • the heat generated by the heater is transferred to the drum through the heat of water or heat-conducting oil, and the internal heating of the drum is used to heat and dry the clothes.
  • the heater is directly disposed in water or heat-conducting oil.
  • the temperature of the water or heat transfer oil can be maintained at 40 ° C to 60 ° C
  • the temperature of the surface of the drum is 35 ° C to 55 ° C
  • the temperature inside the drum is maintained at 30 ° C to 50 ° C.
  • the dryer further includes a heat pump system, the heat pump system mainly comprises a compressor, a condenser, a throttle device and an evaporator, and the compressor, the condenser, the throttle device, and the compressor are sequentially arranged by the refrigerant circulation pipe.
  • the evaporator is connected to the compressor, and the condenser is the heater.
  • the evaporator exchanges heat with the hot and humid mixed air extracted by the vacuuming device to absorb heat from the moist heat mixed air, while the moist heat mixed air is cooled and condensed into water.
  • the heater is an electric heating tube
  • the vacuuming device comprises an air condensing device
  • the humid heat mixed air extracted by the vacuuming device is condensed into water by heat exchange with the outside air through the air condensing device. .
  • the vacuuming device utilizes the basic law of fluid mechanics, a Bernoulli equation principle, and the components thereof include a negative pressure injector, a centrifugal pump and a water collector, and the centrifugal pump sequentially connects the injector and the water collector to The centrifugal pump forms a circulating water path, and the vacuuming device further comprises a vacuuming pipe, one end of which communicates with the drum shaft exhausting hole, and the other end of which passes through the evaporator or the air condensing device communicates with the injector.
  • the ejector is a venturi tube, and the rear side of the venturi outlet is connected to the vacuum pumping line, and the centrifugal pump sequentially passes through the ejector, the water collector and the circulating water path of the centrifugal pump, the circulating water circuit runs, and the venturi outlet
  • the back side starts to draw negative pressure, and the hot and humid mixed air in the drum is extracted through the vacuum pumping line.
  • the air pressure in the drum becomes smaller. With the action of the valve, the air pressure in the drum is controlled within the set range, and the saturated hot and humid mixture in the drum is mixed.
  • the air is collected into the sump by water cooled and condensed by the evaporator or air condensing device in the vacuum line.
  • the valve When the dryer is working, the valve is closed, the vacuuming device and the heater work. After the temperature and pressure in the drum reach the set value, the water vapor in the drum is large, the valve is opened, and the outside air is opened. The vacuuming device can quickly extract the saturated moist heat mixed air. After setting for a period of time, close the valve, and then continue the above steps. The frequency of opening the valve can be fixed or changed. The air pressure in the drum is within the set range until the drying condition is reached. After the setting condition is reached in the drum, the heater stops working, the valve is opened, and the vacuuming device works to extract the hot air in the drum until the setting conditions are completed. .
  • the above setting conditions are humidity or temperature in the drum or temperature change rate or laundry weight change rate.
  • the present invention has the following advantageous effects as compared with the prior art.
  • the low-pressure dryer of the invention When the low-pressure dryer of the invention is in operation, the clothes are placed in the drum and the dryer door is closed to realize the complete sealing of the drum, and the motor drives the drum to rotate, which is used for turning the clothes in the cylinder to realize the fluffiness and fluffiness of the clothes, and accelerate the drying.
  • Speed the vacuum device extracts the air and water vapor in the drum, and the air valve is controlled so that the air pressure in the drum is controlled between 0. 005-0. OlMpa, because the boiling point of water is different under different pressures, the lower the air pressure , the lower the boiling point.
  • the invention utilizes the above principle to realize the low-temperature drying of the laundry, reduces the heating time used when the conventional dryer heating device has to be heated to a higher temperature, accelerates the drying speed, and further reduces the energy consumption and reduces the clothing. Damage.
  • the heater directly heats the heat transfer medium to heat the drum. Since the heater is also disposed between the drum and the outer cylinder, the heat transfer loss is reduced, the heat efficiency is improved, the system structure is simplified, the cost is reduced, and the heat is also improved. Dry clothes
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the connection relationship of the components of the low-pressure dryer of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing another connection relationship of the components of the low-pressure dryer of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the installation of the internal partition of the drum of the low-pressure dryer of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the connection relationship of the components of the low-pressure dryer of the present invention.
  • the present invention utilizes the relationship between gas pressure and boiling point. At different gas pressures, the boiling point of water is different, and the lower the gas pressure, the lower the boiling point.
  • the corresponding relationship between the two refers to the following table:
  • the low-pressure dryer of the present invention comprises a sealed drum 1, an outer chamber accommodating the drum 2, a heating device, a vacuuming device and a gas distribution valve 10, a vacuuming device and a roller.
  • the internal communication is to extract the air inside the drum to form a low pressure environment inside the drum, the heating device is used to heat the drum, and the valve 10 controls the outside air to pass into the drum to adjust the air pressure in the drum.
  • the heating device is disposed outside the drum 1 and inside the outer chamber 2, and includes a heat transfer medium 8 for transferring heat to the outer surface of the drum and a heater 9 disposed in the heat conductive medium.
  • 005-0. OlMpa so that the gas pressure in the drum is maintained between 0. 005-0. OlMpa, so that the gas pressure is different, the lower the gas pressure, the lower the boiling point.
  • the moisture in the drum is vaporized at a temperature of 33_45 ° C.
  • the lower boiling temperature is used to save the heating time of the heater, the energy consumption is reduced, the drying time is saved, and the drying efficiency is improved.
  • a hollow roller shaft 3 is coaxially disposed at a rear end portion of the drum 1 according to the embodiment.
  • the roller shaft also supports a rotating shaft, and a direct drive motor is mounted on the drum shaft to drive rotation.
  • the hollow portion of the drum shaft 3 forms an air suction passage 31 communicating with the inside of the drum, and the side of the drum shaft 3 is provided with an air suction hole 32 communicating with the vacuuming device.
  • the drum shaft 3 is provided with a vent pipe 4 for communicating the inside of the drum 1 with the outside, and the vent pipe 4 is oppositely rotated with the drum shaft 3, both ends of which extend from the drum shaft 3, the end of the drum shaft 3 and the vent pipe 4 Sealed between them, the gas pipe 3 is provided with the valve valve 10 at one end.
  • the drum 1 is provided with a partition 5 which partitions the inside of the drum into a laundry chamber 11 and a suction chamber 12, and the suction chamber 12 is formed between the partition 5 and the rear end portion of the drum.
  • the air passage 31 communicates with the pumping chamber 12, and the partition plate 5 is provided with a plurality of vent holes 51 and a vent pipe perforation 52.
  • the vent pipe 4 corresponds to one end of the inner portion of the drum passing through the pumping chamber 12 to the vent hole 52 or Pass through the vent hole 52.
  • the baffle structure communicates the pumping chamber with the clothes chamber through the vent hole, which relatively enlarges the path of the pumping, and avoids the possibility that the inside of the drum is directly piled up in the rear of the drum to block the pumping passage.
  • Embodiment 2 Embodiment 2
  • the partition plate 5 described in this embodiment is a curved plate, which is installed corresponding to the connection between the drum shaft 3 and the rear end portion of the drum 2, and the periphery is smoothly connected with the inner wall of the rear end portion of the drum 2,
  • the radius r of the partition and the radius R inside the drum satisfy: R/5 r R (see Fig. 1).
  • This structure prevents deformation of the laundry caused by the partition structure of the drying process, and does not affect the amount of laundry inside the drum.
  • the partition 5 is a circular flat plate that conforms to the radial section of the drum, and directly divides the internal space of the drum into a space of two cylindrical structures (see Fig. 3).
  • the outer chamber 2 of the present embodiment is formed by an outer cylinder 20 disposed outside the drum.
  • the drum 1 is coaxially disposed in the outer cylinder 20, and the heat transfer medium 8 is a liquid.
  • the heat transfer medium is a liquid having a good thermal conductivity such as water or a heat transfer oil, and is preferably water.
  • the outer cylinder wall located below the drum protrudes outward, and a concave space 21 is formed inside.
  • the heater 9 is disposed in the placement space 21, and the minimum distance between the heater and the drum is greater than between the drum and the outer cylinder. The minimum radius difference.
  • the lower part of the drum is always in contact with water or heat-conducting oil.
  • the heat generated by the heater is transferred to the drum through the heat of water or heat-conducting oil, and the internal heating of the drum is used to heat and dry the clothes.
  • the heater is directly disposed in water or heat-conducting oil. Internally, the temperature of the water or heat transfer oil can be maintained at 40 ° C to 60 ° C, the temperature of the surface of the drum is 35 ° C to 55 ° C, and the temperature inside the drum is maintained at 30 ° C to 50 ° C.
  • the clothes dryer of the embodiment further includes a heat pump system
  • the heat pump system mainly includes a compressor 61, a condenser 62, a throttle device and an evaporator 63, and a refrigerant circulation pipe 64.
  • the compressor 61, the condenser 62, the throttling device, and the evaporator 63 are connected to the compressor 61 in turn, and the condenser 62 is the heater 9, the evaporator 63 and the hot and humid mixed air heat extracted by the vacuuming device. Exchange, absorbing heat from the hot and humid mixed air, while the hot and humid mixed air is cooled and condensed into water.
  • the throttle device includes a refrigerant bottle 65 and a regulating valve 66.
  • Compressor 61 compresses the refrigerant to transfer the generated high temperature and high pressure refrigerant to condenser 62.
  • condenser 62 the refrigerant releases heat, and the released heat absorbs heat transfer medium 8 such as water or heat transfer oil to form the surface of the drum.
  • heat transfer medium 8 such as water or heat transfer oil to form the surface of the drum.
  • the refrigerant passes through the condenser 62 and is regulated by the refrigerant bottle 65 and the regulating valve 66 to become a low-pressure low-temperature gas.
  • the low-temperature low-pressure gas passes through the evaporator 63, and is heated in the evaporator 63 by the moist heat mixed with the vacuuming device.
  • Embodiment 5 As shown in FIG. 2, the heater described in this embodiment is a 9 electric heating tube, and the vacuuming device includes an air condensing device, and the humid heat mixed air extracted by the vacuuming device passes through the air condensing device and the outside air. The heat exchange is cooled and condensed into water.
  • the air condensing unit is of the prior art and includes a convection condenser 13 and a fan 14.
  • Embodiment 6 is different from Embodiment 3 to Embodiment 5.
  • the heat conductive medium described in this embodiment is a heat sink, and is heated by air heat transfer.
  • the outer surface of the cylinder, the inner wall of the outer cylinder is provided with a heat insulation layer, or the outer chamber directly uses a box structure without using the outer cylinder structure, and the structure of the motor and the like is isolated outside the cabinet through the heat insulation board, for example, using a heat insulation board Surrounded by rollers, the heating device is provided with an inner wall of the heat shield.
  • the vacuuming device of the present embodiment utilizes the basic law of fluid mechanics, a Bernoulli equation principle, and its components include an injector 71 for pumping negative pressure, a centrifugal pump 72, and a water collecting unit.
  • the pump 73 is sequentially connected to the ejector 71 and the sump 73 by the centrifugal pump 72 to the centrifugal pump 72 to form a circulating water path.
  • the vacuuming device further includes a vacuuming line 74, one end of which communicates with the drum shaft venting hole 32, passes through the evaporator 63 or convection. The other end behind the condenser 13 communicates with the injector 71.
  • the ejector 71 is a venturi tube, and the rear side of the venturi outlet is in communication with the vacuuming line 74.
  • the centrifugal pump 72 sequentially passes through the ejector 71, the sump 73, and the circulating water path of the centrifugal pump 72, and the circulating water path. Operation, the back side of the outlet of the venturi tube starts to draw negative pressure, and the hot and humid mixed air in the drum is extracted through the vacuum pumping line, the air pressure in the drum becomes smaller, and the air pressure in the drum is controlled within the set range according to the action of the valve.
  • the moist hot mixed air saturated in the drum is collected into the sump by water cooled and condensed in the vacuum line through an evaporator or a convection condenser.
  • the air vent 32 of the present embodiment is disposed at the front end of the drum 1, for example, the side wall of the laundry inlet 25, the vacuuming device is evacuated from the front end of the drum, and the rear valve is controlled to enter the outside air.
  • This structure can reduce the installation of the partition plate, and the production cost is lowered, and the amount of the laundry contained in the drum is not affected compared with the above structure.
  • the valve is closed, the vacuuming device and the heater work, and after the temperature and pressure in the drum reach the set value, the water vapor in the drum is large at this time, the valve is opened, and the outside is opened. Air, at this time, the vacuuming device can quickly extract the saturated hot and humid mixed air.
  • the frequency of opening the valve can be fixed or changed. Value, keep the air pressure in the drum within the set range, until the drying condition is reached, after the drum reaches the set condition, the heater stops working, the valve is opened, and the vacuum device works to extract the hot air in the drum until the setting conditions are met. The drying is over.
  • the above setting conditions are the humidity or temperature in the drum or the temperature change rate or the change rate of the laundry weight.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Detail Structures Of Washing Machines And Dryers (AREA)

Abstract

一种低压干衣机，包括密封可转动的滚筒（1）、容纳滚筒（1）的外腔室（2）、用于给滚筒（1）加热的加热装置和将滚筒内空气抽出的抽真空装置，还包括用于控制滚筒（1）内部与外界相通以调节滚筒（1）内部气压的配气阀（10），所述的加热装置设于滚筒（1）外部、外腔室（2）内部，包括用于给滚筒（1）外表面传递热量的导热介质（8）和设在导热介质（8）内的加热器（9）。所述的滚筒（1）后端部同轴设有一中空的滚筒轴（3），滚筒轴（3）内设有将滚筒（1）内部与外界相通的通气管（4），通气管（4）与滚筒轴（3）相对转动设置，两端均伸出于滚筒轴（3），滚筒轴（3）末端与通气管（4）之间密封，通气管（4）对外的一端设有所述的配气阀（10）。该低压干衣机具有降低烘干能耗、加快干衣速度、提高干衣效率的特点。

Description

一种低压干衣机 技术领域
本发明涉及一种干衣机， 尤其是一种利用低压低沸点的条件以实现快速烘干衣物的干衣 机。
背景技术 无论是在阳光下晾晒衣物， 还是利用干衣设备烘干衣物， 其最终目的均是去除衣物中含 有的水分， 使得衣物干燥。 由于晾晒衣物受天气因素的限制， 越来越多采用各种干衣设备烘 干衣物。 在用于衣物干燥机或者洗衣干衣机的干燥机构中，大多采用加热器加热空气的加热方式。 现有电热式干衣机一般采用加热丝或加热管作为热源， 此类产品能耗高， 烘干时间长且安全 性差。 为了降低能耗， 开发出了热泵式干衣机， 使用热泵系统， 加强对热量的循环利用， 提 高热量的利用效率， 降低电能的消耗。 热泵式衣物干燥装置中设置有如下的空气循环通道： 干冷空气经由热泵系统的冷凝器进 行加热， 热空气被送入装有衣物的干燥室内， 从衣物中夺取水分， 变成湿热空气， 湿热空气 经过热泵系统的蒸发器析出水汽同时蒸发器回收热量， 除湿后的空气再次由冷凝器加热， 并 送入干燥室中。 虽然这些热泵干衣机的能耗降低了， 但是干衣速度方面， 没有提高， 干衣过程所需时间 仍然较长， 一般烘干 7-8KG衣物需要 2-3个小时。 为了短时间内除去衣物中的水分， 人们采 取各种方式来实现这一目的， 干衣机所采用的方法是升高温度， 加强表面空气流通， 增大蒸 发面积。尽管使用这些方法， 但干衣过程的能耗和时间依然居高不下。 且在高温下烘干衣物， 对织物本身有破坏， 并容易产生皱褶和縮水。 上述干衣装置在干衣速度方面， 仍然没有提高， 干衣过程所需时间仍然较长。 有鉴于此特提出本发明。 发明内容 本发明要解决的技术问题在于克服现有技术的不足， 提供一种降低烘干能耗、 加快干衣 速度、 提高干衣效率的低压干衣机。 为解决上述技术问题， 本发明采用技术方案的基本构思是： 一种低压干衣机， 包括密封 可转动的滚筒、 容纳滚筒的外腔室、 用于给滚筒加热的加热装置和将滚筒内空气抽出的抽真 空装置， 还包括用于控制滚筒内部与外界相通以调节滚筒内部气压的配气阀， 所述的加热装 置设于滚筒外部、 外腔室内部， 包括用于给滚筒外表面传递热量的导热介质和设在导热介质 内的加热器。 进一步的， 所述的滚筒后端部同轴设有一中空的滚筒轴， 滚筒轴内设有将滚筒内部与外 界相通的通气管， 通气管与滚筒轴相对转动设置， 两端均伸出于滚筒轴， 滚筒轴末端与通气 管之间密封， 通气管对外的一端设有所述的配气阀。 进一步的， 所述的滚筒轴内部与通气管之间的空隙形成与滚筒内部相通的抽气通道， 滚 筒轴侧部设有与抽真空装置连通的抽气孔。 在不同的气压下， 水的沸点不同， 气压越低， 沸点也越低， 通过控制配气阀的动作， 使 滚筒内的气压维持在 0. 005-0. OlMpa之间， 以使滚筒内的水分在温度 33_45°C时即实现气化， 利用该较低的沸点温度节约加热器加热时间， 降低能耗、 节约干衣时间， 提高了干衣效率。 进一步的， 所述的滚筒内设有一隔板， 隔板将滚筒内部分隔成衣物腔室和抽气腔室， 隔 板与滚筒后端部之间形成该抽气腔室， 抽气通道与抽气腔室相通， 隔板上设有多个通气孔和 一通气管穿孔， 通气管对应滚筒内部的一端穿过抽气腔室至通气管穿孔内或者穿过通气管穿 孔。 该隔板结构通过通气孔将抽气腔室与衣物腔室相通， 相对放大了抽气的路径， 避免了滚 筒内衣物转动过程直接堆积在滚筒后部堵塞抽气通道的可能性。 进一步的， 所述的隔板为一弧形板， 对应滚筒轴与滚筒后端部连接处安装， 周边与滚筒 后端部内壁平滑过渡连接。 防止干衣过程隔板结构导致的衣物变形， 也不影响滚筒内部的衣 物盛放量。
进一步的， 所述隔板的半径 r与滚筒内部的半径 R满足： R/5 r R， 抽气腔室轴向的最 大长度小于十分之一倍的滚筒轴向长度。 或者， 与上述方案不同， 所述的滚筒前端设有与抽真空装置连通的抽气孔。 优选设于衣 物投放口的侧壁上。 本发明所述的外腔室为设于滚筒外部的外筒构成， 滚筒同轴设于外筒内， 导热介质为液 体， 设于滚筒和外筒之间， 液面高度高于滚筒和外筒的半径差。 该导热介质为水或导热油等 导热性能较好的液体， 优选为水。 进一步的， 位于滚筒下方的外筒壁向外突起， 内部形成一凹形的置放空间， 所述的加热 器设于置放空间内， 加热器与滚筒的最小距离大于滚筒和外筒之间的最小半径差。 在滚筒转动过程， 滚筒下部始终与水或导热油接触， 加热器产生热量通过水或导热油热 传递给滚筒， 进而滚筒内部升温实现衣物加热烘干， 一般由于加热器直接设在水或导热油内 部， 能使得水或导热油的温度保持在 40°C〜60°C， 滚筒表面的温度 35°C〜55°C， 滚筒内的温 度维持在 30°C〜50°C。 进一步的， 所述的干衣机还包括热泵系统， 热泵系统主要包括压縮机、 冷凝器、 节流装 置及蒸发器， 由制冷剂循环管道依次将压縮机、 冷凝器、 节流装置、 蒸发器再至压縮机连通， 冷凝器为所述的加热器， 蒸发器与抽真空装置抽出的湿热混合空气热交换， 从湿热混合空气 中吸收热量， 同时湿热混合空气冷却并凝结成水。 或者， 进一步的方案为， 所述的加热器为电加热管， 所述的抽真空装置包括一空气冷凝 装置， 抽真空装置抽出的湿热混合空气通过空气冷凝装置与外界空气热交换冷却凝结成水。 所述的抽真空装置利用流体力学中的基本定律一伯努利方程原理， 其组成部分包括抽负 压的喷射器、 离心泵和集水器， 由离心泵依次连通喷射器、集水器到离心泵形成一循环水路， 抽真空装置还包括抽真空管路， 一端连通滚筒轴抽气孔， 经过蒸发器或空气冷凝装置后的另 一端连通喷射器。 所述的喷射器为文丘里管， 文丘里管出口的后侧与抽真空管路连通， 由离心泵依次通过 喷射器、 集水器再到离心泵的循环水路， 循环水路运行， 文丘里管出口的后侧开始抽负压， 通过抽真空管路抽取滚筒内的湿热混合空气， 滚筒内气压变小， 配合配气阀的动作， 将滚筒 内气压控制在设定范围内， 滚筒内饱和的湿热混合空气由抽真空管路内经过蒸发器或空气冷 凝装置冷却并凝结成的水收集到集水器内。 干衣机工作时， 配气阀关闭， 抽真空装置和加热器工作， 滚筒内温度和压强达到设定值 后， 此时滚筒内的水汽较大， 开启配气阀， 通入外界空气， 此时抽真空装置能迅速将饱和的 湿热混合空气抽出， 设定一段时间后， 关闭配气阀， 然后继续上述步骤， 上述步骤开启配气 阀的频率可以是固定值， 也可以是变化值， 维持滚筒内气压在设定范围内， 直至干衣后期， 滚筒内达到设定条件后， 加热器停止工作， 开启配气阀， 抽真空装置工作将滚筒内的热气抽 出直至设定条件， 干衣结束。 上述设定条件为滚筒内的湿度或者温度或者温度变化率或者衣 物重量变化率。 采用上述技术方案后， 本发明与现有技术相比具有以下有益效果。 本发明低压干衣机工作时， 把衣物放入滚筒后关好干衣机门， 实现滚筒的完全密封， 电 机带动滚筒转动， 用于翻转筒内衣物， 实现衣物的抖散蓬松， 加快烘干速度， 抽真空装置抽 取滚筒内的空气和水蒸汽， 配合配气阀使得滚筒内的气压控制在 0. 005-0. OlMpa之间， 由于 在不同的气压下， 水的沸点不同， 气压越低， 沸点也越低。 本发明利用上述原理， 从而实现 衣物的低温烘干， 减少了传统干衣机加热装置必须加热到较高温度时所用的加热时间， 加快 了干衣速度， 同时能够进一步降低能耗， 降低对衣物的损坏。 所述的加热器直接加热导热介质， 从而加热滚筒， 由于加热器也设置于滚筒和外筒之间， 减少了热量传递的损失， 提高热效率， 同时简化了系统结构， 降低了成本， 也提升了干衣质
附图说明
图 1是本发明低压干衣机部件连接关系示意图；
图 2是本发明低压干衣机部件另一连接关系示意图； 图 3是本发明低压干衣机滚筒内部隔板安装示意图； 图 4是本发明低压干衣机部件再一连接关系示意图。 具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细的描述。 本发明利用气压与沸点的关系， 在不同的气压下， 水的沸点不同， 气压越低， 沸点也越 低。 两者的对应关系参考下表：
Figure imgf000006_0001
由表中数据可看出， 在 0. 005〜0. OlMPa的气压下， 水在 32. 874°C〜45. 8°C下即可发生 沸腾， 即在气压足够低时， 水在较低温度也可达到沸点， 可以实现低温下的快速蒸发。 本发 明干衣机通过制造低压环境， 实现在低温下， 快速蒸发水分， 从而实现快速的、 低能耗的衣 物烘干效果。 如图 1至图 4所示，本发明所述的低压干衣机，包括密封的滚筒 1、容纳滚筒的外腔室 2、 加热装置、 抽真空装置及配气阀 10， 抽真空装置与滚筒内部连通以抽取滚筒内部空气， 形成 滚筒内部的低压环境， 加热装置用以给滚筒加热， 配气阀 10控制将外界空气通入滚筒内以与 抽真空装置配合调节滚筒内的气压。 所述的加热装置设于滚筒 1外部、 外腔室 2内部， 包括 用于给滚筒外表面传递热量的导热介质 8和设在导热介质内的加热器 9。 由于在不同的气压 下， 水的沸点不同， 气压越低， 沸点也越低， 本发明通过控制配气阀的动作， 使滚筒内的气 压维持在 0. 005-0. OlMpa之间， 以使滚筒内的水分在温度 33_45°C时即实现气化， 利用该较 低的沸点温度节约加热器加热时间， 降低能耗、 节约干衣时间， 提高了干衣效率。 实施例一
如图 1和图 2所示， 本实施例所述的滚筒 1后端部同轴设有一中空的滚筒轴 3， 该滚筒 轴也为支撑旋转轴， 滚筒轴上安装直驱电机以驱动旋转， 滚筒轴 3中空部形成与滚筒内部相 通的抽气通道 31， 滚筒轴 3侧部设有与抽真空装置连通的抽气孔 32。 所述的滚筒轴 3内设有将滚筒 1内部与外界相通的通气管 4， 通气管 4与滚筒轴 3相对 转动设置， 两端均伸出于滚筒轴 3， 滚筒轴 3末端与通气管 4之间密封， 通气管 3对外的一 端设有所述的配气阀 10。 所述的滚筒 1内设有一隔板 5， 隔板 5将滚筒内部分隔成衣物腔室 11和抽气腔室 12， 隔 板 5与滚筒后端部之间形成该抽气腔室 12， 抽气通道 31与抽气腔室 12相通， 隔板 5上设有 多个通气孔 51和一通气管穿孔 52， 通气管 4对应滚筒内部的一端穿过抽气腔室 12至通气管 穿孔 52 内或者穿过通气管穿孔 52。 该隔板结构通过通气孔将抽气腔室与衣物腔室相通， 相 对放大了抽气的路径， 避免了滚筒内衣物转动过程直接堆积在滚筒后部堵塞抽气通道的可能 性。 实施例二
如图 1和图 2所示， 本实施例所述的隔板 5为一弧形板， 对应滚筒轴 3与滚筒 2后端部 连接处安装， 周边与滚筒 2后端部内壁平滑过渡连接， 隔板的半径 r与滚筒内部的半径 R满 足： R/5 r R (参阅图 1 ) 。 该结构防止干衣过程隔板结构导致的衣物变形， 也不影响滚筒 内部的衣物盛放量。 或者， 隔板 5为一与滚筒的径向断面吻合的圆形平板， 直接将滚筒内部 空间分隔成两个圆筒结构的空间 （参阅图 3 ) 。 上述抽气腔室 12轴向的最大长度 K与滚筒 1轴向长度 L满足 K<L/10。 实施例三 如图 1和图 2所示， 本实施例所述的外腔室 2为设于滚筒外部的外筒 20构成， 滚筒 1同 轴设于外筒 20内， 导热介质 8为液体， 设于滚筒 1和外筒 20之间， 液面高度高于滚筒 1和 外筒 20的半径差。 该导热介质为水或导热油等导热性能较好的液体， 优选为水。位于滚筒下 方的外筒壁向外突起， 内部形成一凹形的置放空间 21， 所述的加热器 9设于置放空间 21内， 加热器与滚筒的最小距离大于滚筒和外筒之间的最小半径差。 在滚筒转动过程， 滚筒下部始终与水或导热油接触， 加热器产生热量通过水或导热油热 传递给滚筒， 进而滚筒内部升温实现衣物加热烘干， 一般由于加热器直接设在水或导热油内 部， 能使得水或导热油的温度保持在 40°C〜60°C， 滚筒表面的温度 35°C〜55°C， 滚筒内的温 度维持在 30°C〜50°C。 实施例四 如图 1所示， 本实施例所述的干衣机还包括热泵系统， 热泵系统主要包括压縮机 61、 冷 凝器 62、 节流装置及蒸发器 63， 由制冷剂循环管道 64依次将压縮机 61、 冷凝器 62、 节流装 置、 蒸发器 63再至压縮机 61连通， 冷凝器 62为所述的加热器 9， 蒸发器 63与抽真空装置 抽出的湿热混合空气热交换， 从湿热混合空气中吸收热量， 同时湿热混合空气冷却并凝结成 水。 节流装置包括制冷剂瓶 65和调节阀 66。 压縮机 61对制冷剂进行压縮将产生的高温高压的制冷剂转移至冷凝器 62， 在冷凝器 62 中制冷剂释放热量， 释放的热量将导热介质 8如水或导热油吸收进而为滚筒表面加热， 制冷 剂通过冷凝器 62后经制冷剂瓶 65和调节阀 66调节， 成为低压低温的气体， 低温低压气体通 过蒸发器 63， 在蒸发器 63 内通过与抽真空装置抽出的湿热混合空气热交换， 从湿热混合空 气中吸收热量， 同时湿热混合空气冷却并凝结成水。 实施例五 如图 2所示， 本实施例所述的加热器为 9电加热管， 所述的抽真空装置包括一空气冷凝 装置， 抽真空装置抽出的湿热混合空气通过空气冷凝装置与外界空气热交换冷却凝结成水。 空气冷凝装置为现有技术， 包括对流冷凝器 13和风机 14。 实施例六 与实施例三至实施例五不同， 本实施例所述的导热介质为散热片， 通过空气传热加热滚 筒外表面， 外筒内壁设有隔热层， 或者外腔室不采用外筒结构而直接利用一箱体结构， 箱体 内通过隔热板将电机等结构隔离在外部， 例如使用隔热板将滚筒包围， 加热装置设有隔热板 内壁。
实施例七
如图 1和图 2所示， 本实施例所述的抽真空装置利用流体力学中的基本定律一伯努利方 程原理， 其组成部分包括抽负压的喷射器 71、 离心泵 72和集水器 73， 由离心泵 72依次连通 喷射器 71、集水器 73到离心泵 72形成一循环水路， 抽真空装置还包括抽真空管路 74， 一端 连通滚筒轴抽气孔 32， 经过蒸发器 63或对流冷凝器 13后的另一端连通喷射器 71。
所述的喷射器 71为文丘里管， 文丘里管出口的后侧与抽真空管路 74连通， 由离心泵 72 依次通过喷射器 71、 集水器 73再到离心泵 72的循环水路， 循环水路运行， 文丘里管出口的 后侧开始抽负压， 通过抽真空管路抽取滚筒内的湿热混合空气， 滚筒内气压变小， 配合配气 阀的动作， 将滚筒内气压控制在设定范围内， 滚筒内饱和的湿热混合空气由抽真空管路内经 过蒸发器或对流冷凝器冷却并凝结成的水收集到集水器内。 实施例八
如图 4所示， 本实施例所述的抽气孔 32设于滚筒 1的前端， 例如衣物投放口 25的侧壁 上， 抽真空装置由滚筒前端抽真空， 后端配气阀控制进入外界空气。 该结构能够减少隔板的 安装， 生产成本降低， 相比上述结构不影响滚筒盛放的衣物量。 本发明低压干衣机工作时， 配气阀关闭， 抽真空装置和加热器工作， 滚筒内温度和压强 达到设定值后， 此时滚筒内的水汽较大， 开启配气阀， 通入外界空气， 此时抽真空装置能迅 速将饱和的湿热混合空气抽出， 设定一段时间后， 关闭配气阀， 然后继续上述步骤， 上述步 骤开启配气阀的频率可以是固定值， 也可以是变化值， 维持滚筒内气压在设定范围内， 直至 干衣后期， 滚筒内达到设定条件后， 加热器停止工作， 开启配气阀， 抽真空装置工作将滚筒 内的热气抽出直至设定条件， 干衣结束。 上述设定条件为滚筒内的湿度或者温度或者温度变 化率或者衣物重量变化率。
上述实施例中的实施方案可以进一步组合或者替换， 且实施例仅仅是对本发明的优选实 施例进行描述， 并非对本发明的构思和范围进行限定， 在不脱离本发明设计思想的前提下， 本领域中专业技术人员对本发明的技术方案作出的各种变化和改进， 均属于本发明的保护范 围。

Claims

WO 2014/110957 权 利 要 求 书 PCT/CN2013/089818
1、 一种低压干衣机， 包括密封可转动的滚筒、 容纳滚筒的外腔室、 用于给滚筒加热的 加热装置和将滚筒内空气抽出的抽真空装置， 其特征在于： 还包括用于控制滚筒内部与外 界相通以调节滚筒内部气压的配气阀， 所述的加热装置设于滚筒外部、 外腔室内部， 包括 用于给滚筒外表面传递热量的导热介质和设在导热介质内的加热器。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的一种低压干衣机， 其特征在于： 所述的滚筒后端部同轴设有 一中空的滚筒轴， 滚筒轴内设有将滚筒内部与外界相通的通气管， 通气管与滚筒轴相对转 动设置， 两端均伸出于滚筒轴， 滚筒轴末端与通气管之间密封， 通气管对外的一端设有所 述的配气阀。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的一种低压干衣机， 其特征在于： 所述的滚筒轴内部与通气管 之间的空隙形成与滚筒内部相通的抽气通道， 滚筒轴侧部设有与抽真空装置连通的抽气孔。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的一种低压干衣机， 其特征在于： 所述的滚筒内设有一隔板， 隔板与滚筒后端部之间形成一抽气腔室， 抽气通道与抽气腔室相通， 隔板上设有多个通气 孔和一通气管穿孔， 通气管对应滚筒内部的一端穿过抽气腔室至通气管穿孔内或者穿过通 气管穿孔。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的一种低压干衣机， 其特征在于： 所述的隔板为一弧形板， 对 应滚筒轴与滚筒后端部连接处安装， 周边与滚筒后端部内壁平滑过渡连接。
6、 根据权利要求 5所述的一种低压干衣机， 其特征在于： 所述隔板的半径 r与滚筒内 部的半径 R满足： R/5 r R， 抽气腔室轴向的最大长度小于十分之一倍的滚筒轴向长度。
7、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的一种低压干衣机， 其特征在于： 所述的滚筒前端设有与 抽真空装置连通的抽气孔。
8、 根据权利要求 1所述的一种低压干衣机， 其特征在于： 所述的外腔室为设于滚筒外 部的外筒构成， 滚筒同轴设于外筒内， 导热介质为液体， 设于滚筒和外筒之间， 液面高度 高于滚筒和外筒的半径差。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的一种低压干衣机， 其特征在于： 位于滚筒下方的外筒壁向外 突起， 内部形成一凹形的置放空间， 所述的加热器设于置放空间内， 加热器与滚筒的最小 距离大于滚筒和外筒之间的最小半径差。
10、 根据权利要求 1或 9所述的一种低压干衣机， 其特征在于： 所述的干衣机还包括 热泵系统， 热泵系统主要包括压縮机、 冷凝器、 节流装置及蒸发器， 由制冷剂循环管道依 次将压縮机、 冷凝器、 节流装置、 蒸发器再至压縮机连通， 冷凝器为所述的加热器， 蒸发 器与抽真空装置抽出的湿热混合空气热交换， 从湿热混合空气中吸收热量， 同时湿热混合 空气冷却并凝结成水。
11、 根据权利要求 1或 9所述的一种低压干衣机， 其特征在于： 所述的加热器为电加 热管， 所述的抽真空装置包括一空气冷凝装置， 抽真空装置抽出的湿热混合空气通过空气 冷凝装置与外界空气热交换冷却凝结成水。
PCT/CN2013/089818 2013-01-15 2013-12-18 一种低压干衣机 WO2014110957A1 (zh)

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