WO2012031921A2

WO2012031921A2 - Housing for receiving an electric drive

Info

Publication number: WO2012031921A2
Application number: PCT/EP2011/064782
Authority: WO
Inventors: Markus KLÖPZIG; Klaus Schleicher; Uwe Schüller
Original assignee: Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date: 2010-09-08
Filing date: 2011-08-29
Publication date: 2012-03-15
Also published as: WO2012031921A3; CN103081304A; DE102010040399A1; CN103081304B

Abstract

The invention relates to a housing for receiving an electric drive, comprising coolant channels through which a coolant can flow. Said claimed housing (1) comprises two concentric housing parts (10, 20), one inner housing part (10) receives the electric drive (30) and an outer housing part (20) is arranged over the inner housing part (10). The coolant channels (12) are embodied in the surfaces of the inner and/or the outer housing parts (10, 20) which face each other and extend in the direction of the periphery of the housing parts (10, 20) along at least one section of an axis of the housing part (10, 20).

Description

description

Housing for receiving an electric drive

The invention relates to a housing for receiving a elec ^¬ cal drive with a flow through a cooling fluid cooling channels.

If in the following description of an electric drive is mentioned, so this is to be understood. In particular ^¬ sondere are to be understood as an electric drive propulsion ^¬ next machinery and generators also aggregates which constitute a functional union of several devices or machines.

Electrical drives of high power density required a forced cooling, which is realized either with air or a cooling fluid. A forced air cooling requires the ef ^¬ fektiven dissipation of the heat loss in an electric drive large areas, so that the housing must have a corresponding size. However, electrical drives, which are used for example in a motor vehicle or rail vehicle ^¬ convincing to its electric propulsion mode must be made compact as possible to optimize the available installation space. A Luftküh ^¬ ment therefore usually exudes.

Cooling passages of a (cooling) housing of an electric drive through which a cooling fluid is typically provided in a one-part housing. As the cooling fluid, a mixture of water and glycol is usually used. The cooling channels extend parallel to a longitudinal axis of the housing, which is parallel to a driven by the electric drive shaft. The most circular, designed as bores cooling channels can be distributed over the circumference of the housing, in which case a ^¬ accordingly large housing with yet only a small cooling surface must be provided. A deflection of the cooling fluid of a cooling channel to another cooling channel is usually carried out at the end faces outside of the housing in a separate, connected to the housing housing part. The provision of this additional housing part leads to a further magnification ^¬ tion of the housing volume. In order to reduce the housing volume of such housing, the cooling holes are therefore often provided only in corners of the housing. However, this reduction of the housing leads to a further reduced cooling surface.

Another disadvantage of at least one front side ^¬ seen housing parts for deflecting the cooling fluid from a cooling passage to another (adjacent) cooling passage that a complex seal between the housing parts and the cooling housing must be made. The seal is particularly important if the electric drive is operated at high power. One in one

Motor vehicle or a rail vehicle used elekt ^¬ cal drive is often operated with voltages of up to 800 V at currents of up to 400 A. A through the

Cooling fluid produced short circuit could therefore lead to destruction of the electric drive.

The production of the electrical connections to the windings of the electric drive and the drive of a supplied ^¬ arranged control is typically done in a so.

Terminal box, which is arranged outside the housing and secured thereto. Within the terminal box, the ends of the electric drive ending in it are connected via a clamping connection to a corresponding, stripped contact of a cable. Although the described connection can be realized with low contact ^resistances , it is complex to perform manually. In addition, the terminal box must be sealed from consuming ^¬ against moisture penetration and possibly penetrating cooling fluid. Within the terminal box resulting Wär ^¬ me, for example, heat loss of the terminal connections or heat loss disposed within the terminal box Control, usually can not be removed by the cooling channels of the housing. The high heat load can therefore lead to premature failure of the components located in the terminal box.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a housing for receiving an electric drive, which allows for compact external dimensions effective cooling of the electric drive and optionally other components.

This object is achieved by a housing according to the Merkma ^¬ len of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments he ^¬ give themselves from the dependent claims.

The invention provides a housing for receiving an electrical drive with ^¬ rule through which a cooling fluid cooling channels. The housing comprises two concentric housing parts, of which an inner housing portion accommodating the electric drive and an outer housing part over the inner Gehäu ^¬ seteil is arranged. The cooling channels are formed in the mutually facing surfaces of the inner and / or the outer housing part and extend in the circumferential direction of the housing parts along at least a portion of an axis of the housing parts.

Due to the division of the housing and the m circumferential direction extending cooling channels, it is possible to cool the majority of the housing shell due to a direct fluid contact. Under a majority of the housing shell more than 70%, in particular more than 80% of the surface of the housing shell understood. The division of the housing and the guide according to the invention the cooling channels he ^¬ enables, moreover, the configuration of the housing with compact dimensions. A particularly compact design of the housing results when the inner and the outer housing part are cylindrical.

A particularly effective cooling results when the cooling channels between the housing parts are at least partially coiled ^¬ . The at least partially spiraling the cooling channels between the housing parts has the further advantage of a particularly simple manufacturability, since the cooling channels can be introduced, for example, by a turning or milling process in the inner and / or the outer part. An equally effective cooling is obtained when the cooling channels between the housing parts at least from ^¬ meandering manner. Such guidance of the cooling channels can be useful, for example, if certain portion of the housing to be cooled more than others. In another embodiment of the cooling channels of a housing according to the invention may extend from ^¬ cut coiled in one and in another section of meandering.

For reasons of production and the resulting costs, it is expedient if the cooling channels are introduced either from ^¬ finally in the inner housing part or exclusively in the outer housing part. Especially before ^¬ Trains t Here, it is when the cooling channels are formed in the inner Ge ^¬ casing part, so that the outer housing part can be provided as a simple, cost-effective cylinder.

The cooling channels in the mutually facing surfaces of the inner and / or the outer housing part can be formed either 1-way or 2-course. A 2-course Ausbil ^¬ tion of the cooling channels has the advantage that the mutually ^¬ ordered cooling channels can be shorted at one end, so that a passage for the flow and a gear for the return of the cooling fluid is used. Due to the then adjusting temperature distribution results in a particularly homogeneous cooling over the entire surface of the Ge housing. In the case of a 1-channel cooling channel, the flow and outflow of the cooling fluid must be provided at the opposite ends of the housing, provided that the cooling channels are designed in the form of a helix. In a meandering Ausges ^¬ taltung of the cooling channels supply and return can also be carried out in a 1-handed coolant channel at one end of the housing.

Preferably, the cooling channels as flat grooves with an ace ^¬ pektverhältnis of at least 1: 2, especially 1: 4 forms, been ^¬. Under a flat groove is a groove to understand, which has a greater width than depth. Flat grooves as a cooling ^¬ channels have the advantage that the diameter of the hold ^¬ ren and / or outer housing part not need despite large cooling capacity can be substantially increased compared to a non-refrigerated housing. Moreover, Flachnu ^¬ th the advantage of a large cross-section and thus a small hydraulic resistance. Due to the large surface of the cooling channels, a high cooling capacity is ^{bereitge ¬} provides.

According to a further embodiment, the inner Gehäu ^¬ seteil includes an integral Steckerdom, in which at least end part of the electrical connection lines of the electric drive and is connected to disposed in the Steckerdom plug contact connection elements which are contacted via a complementary external plug-in element. Since the plug ^¬ dom is integrally formed with the inner housing part, there is a good thermal conductivity to the cooling channels having housing portion. Within the plug-in dome to ^¬ ordered, heat loss producing elements are thus much better connected to the cooling in comparison to the prior art due to the better heat conduction.

In particular, the plug dome is connected via a heat conduction to a dome or a circumferential annular bead of the outer housing part, wherein in the dome or in the circumferential annular bead at least one fluid connection for feeding and / or discharge of the cooling fluid is arranged, wherein the at least one fluid port in at least one of Kühlka ^¬ ducts opens into the mutually facing surfaces of the inner and / or outer housing part. The parallel provision ei ^¬ nes dome or a circumferential annular bead on the outer housing part allows for a simple Kühlmittelein ^¬ feeding and / or -ausleitung in the cooling channels. On the other hand, can be improved in terms of heat dissipation to the cooling channels connected by the connection of the dome or the circumferential annular bead and the Steckerdom. This makes it possible to dissipate the resulting heat loss in the Steckerdom effectively.

Alternatively, the plug dome comprises, in addition to the plug contact connection elements, at least one fluid connection for feeding and / or discharging the cooling fluid, wherein the at least one fluid connection opens into at least one of the cooling channels in the facing surfaces of the inner and / or outer housing part. Although the structural design of the plug dome is complex, this configuration variant provides direct coolant inlet and outtake in the Steckerdom the possibility that Ver ^¬ pleasurable heat optimally deliver arising therein to the coolant.

According to a further embodiment, the inner and the outer housing part are permanently connected to each other. Such a permanent connection can in particular be firmly bonded, e.g. be made by a weld or a soldering.

Alternatively, the inner and outer housing parts can be connected to one another in a ^detachable manner. In this case, it is provided that the inner and the outer housing part are sealed against each other at least at the opposite ends in the axial direction via a sealing means. As a sealant in particular an O-seal (O-ring) can be used. A seal of each adjacent cooling channels can optionally be additionally provided. If the inner and the outer housing part are connected to one another via a press fit, Thus, a possible cooling fluid exchange between adjacent cooling channels without functional disadvantages can be accepted.

The outer housing part is expediently made of at least one molded part. Provided that the shape of the inner housing member allows, it is expedient if the äuße ^¬ re housing part is formed as a single component. Is an assembly by an axial movement of the inner and outer housing part not possible, the outer housing part may also be made of a plurality of moldings, which are connected only when applying the moldings on the inner housing part with ^¬ each other and possibly with the inner housing part.

The outer housing part is for example made of a metal, in particular aluminum, or a fiber composite material forms ^¬ ge. The use of aluminum has the advantage of a low weight and a high thermal conductivity, so that the absorbed from the interior of the housing, heat can be abge ^¬ also be transferred via the outer casing part to the surroundings. Fiber composite also has the advantage of low weight and high strength. Furthermore, fiber composite material is characterized by a low thermal conductivity, so that no heat is removed from the cooling fluid via the outer housing part. What Ma ^¬ TERIAL is preferably used is left to the expert.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to an exporting ^¬ approximately embodiment in the drawing. Show it:

1 is an exploded perspective view of a housing according to the invention for an electric drive,

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the invention

Housing according to FIG. 1, Fig. 3 shows a part of the housing according to the invention in a perspective view illustrating a first embodiment of an inventive ausges ^¬ talteten plug Doms, and

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of an alternative housing according to the invention.

1 shows an exploded view of a housing 1 according to the invention, in which an electric drive (not shown) is received and cooled. The two-part housing 1 comprises an inner, cylindrical housing part 10 and an outer, likewise cylindrical housing part 20. The inner housing part 10 takes the non-loan ersicht- in FIG. 1, drive, and optionally other components of the on ^¬ drive on.

Kühlkanä ^¬ le 12 are formed on the outside of the inner housing part 10, which turn around a longitudinal axis of the housing part 10 in the circumferential direction. The cooling channels 12 are separated and closed by the outer housing part 20, which is pushed in the finished state of the housing on the inner housing part 10, against each other and closed. Through the cooling channels 12, a cooling fluid, such as a water-glycol mixture is promoted. The coiled guidance of the cooling channels 12 along the longitudinal axis of the housing 1 causes a large ^¬ part of the housing shell has a direct fluid contact for Küh ^¬ ment of the interior of the housing part 10 arranged electric drive.

The cooling channels are preferably formed as flat grooves, which can be introduced in a simple manner by machining in the inner housing part 10. The Flachnu ^¬ th have an aspect ratio of at least 1: 2, especially 1: 4, to which not only a large heat transfer surface ^¬ is provided, but also a low hydrau ^¬ Lischer resistor the consequence is. The greater the ratio of the flat grooves Aspektver ^¬ is selected, the less can the Be the diameter of the inner housing part 10 at the same cooling capacity.

The cooling channels 12 may be formed either 1-way or 2-course. The latter variant has the advantage that a bypass of a simple deflection of the cooling fluid at the end of the helix is possible. The fact that a cool inlet and a warm return are adjacent to each other in a 2- course cooling channel, results over the entire axial length of the housing, a uniform cooling of the arranged inside electrical drive.

Contrary to the drawing, the cooling channels 12 could also be formed meander-shaped, but also along the axis of the housing. This makes it possible by Lei ^¬ tung guide to cool certain areas of the housing special ^¬ id.

In another, not shown embodiment, the cooling channels could be formed instead as 12 on the outer surface of the Neren in ^¬ housing part 10 on the inner surface of the outer housing part 20th Likewise, mixed variants are conceivable in which the cooling channels 12 are formed in sections in the inner housing part as well as in the outer housing part 20.

The inner housing part 10 is cup-shaped in the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 and has at the end facing the viewer a bottom 14 which has a central passage 15 for a connected to the electric drive shaft. At the other, of ^¬ fenen end of the cylindrical housing part 10, a Ste ^¬ ckerdom 11 is provided, which is an integral part of the inner housing part 10. This means that the plug dome 11 is made in one piece with the cylindrical portion of the inner housing part 10. Because there are no joints between the plug dome 11 and the cooled, cylindrical portion of the inner housing part 10, the Ste ckerdom 11 good heat conductively connected to the cylindrical section and thus the cooling.

In the plug dome 11 ends at least a portion of the electrical see connection lines of the electric drive. In particular, the windings of the electric drive end in the plug dome. These are connected in the plug dome with corresponding plug-in contact connection elements 16, which can be contacted via a complementary external plug-in element. Dar ^¬ addition, in the Steckerdom 11 further electrical components, such as for example, be an electric circuit for actuation of the electric drive are provided, which are also through plug contact terminal members 16 electrically contacted.

Inside the connector dome 11 heat losses in ^¬ play, due to the selected electrical connection of the connecting leads to the plug-in contact connection elements as well as due to the heat loss of the optionally provided electrical circuit may on good Wärmeleitan- binding to the cylindrical portion and the cooling channels are discharged 12th

Fig. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of the housing 14 described in connection with Fig. 1, wherein said outer casing part is Ge ^¬ applied to the inner housing part 10 20. The outer housing part 20 is applied to the inner housing part 10 by a displacement in the axial direction, ie in the direction of the longitudinal axis designated by the reference numeral 50. The outer diameter of the inner housing part 10 and the inner diameter of the outer housing part 20 are matched to one another such that an interference fit is present. Preferably, O-rings 25, 26 are provided as sealing means at the opposite outer ends to prevent leakage of cooling fluid from the cooling channels 12 and the housing 1. Special sealing means for sealing juxtaposed cooling channels 12 are not absolutely necessary since due to the press fit only a small amount of cooling medium can undesirably exchange.

From the cross-sectional view of the pot-shaped structure of the inner housing part 10 is still good, in which the symmetrical to the axis 50 in the bottom 14 provided passage 15 can be seen. At the other, open end of the inner housing part 10 is a bearing plate 17 for closing ^¬ Shen the interior of the inner housing part 10 is arranged. In this case, the end shield 17 also closes off the plug dome 11, in the interior of which the plug contact connection elements 16, which are shown only schematically, and an electrical circuit 35, which is also indicated only schematically, are arranged. By way of example, the end shield can be screwed to the inner housing part 10 using optimum sealing means. The design and attachment of the bearing plate 17 could be done differently from the description in various other ways. While the inner housing part 10 is preferably made of aluminum, the outer housing part 20 can optionally be made of a metal or a fiber composite material. Preferably, the outer housing part 20 is integrally ausgebil ^¬ det, as shown in Fig. 1. However, the outer housing part 20 could also consist of several sub-segments, which are only after application to the inner housing ^¬ part 10 firmly connected to each other. This is necessary, for example, when the bottom 14 of the inner Ge ^¬ housing part 10 merges into a flange, which no longer allows axial displacement of the outer housing part 10 to the inner housing part 10.

As an alternative to the detachable connection of outer housing part 20 and inner housing part 10 shown in FIG. 2, a non-detachable connection between the two housing parts could also be provided. This is preferably carried out in the region of the sealing elements 25, 26 shown in FIG. Enough. This can be brought about by welding or soldering.

The feeding and / or discharge of the cooling fluid into the cooling channels 12 can take place according to a variant shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 via the plug dome 11. For this purpose, the plug dome has corresponding fluid connections, wherein in FIGS. 1 and 3 only a single fluid connection 23 is shown. The fluid connection 23 is connected by way of a feed channel 24, for example, to the first cooling channel 11, which is closest to the plug dome 11.

In the alternative embodiment variant shown in FIG. 4, the outer housing part 20 likewise has a dome or a circumferential annular bead 21, which comes to rest in the operational state of the housing 1 adjacent to the plug dome 11. The plug dome 11 and the dome or circumferential annular bead 21 are thermally coupled to one another via a heat conducting means 22, for example a thermal paste or foil. Corresponding fluid ports 23 are arranged in the dome or rotating annular ring 21, wherein the ge ^¬ showed fluid port 23 opens in Fig. 4 via the supply channel 24 in the cooling ^¬ channel 12 of the inner housing part 10. In the case of the 2-channel design of the cooling channel already described above, it is also possible for the cooling fluid to be discharged in the region of the plug-in dome 11 or the dome or circumferential annular bead 21 of the outer housing part 20. If the cooling channels formed only 1 start, then the training circuit of the cooling fluid, for example, in the Bo ^¬ carried the 14 facing end of the housing area. In a meandering guidance of the cooling channels, feeding and / or discharge of the cooling fluid can again take place in spatial proximity to one another.

The feeding and / or discharge of the cooling fluid in the plug dome or adjacent to this in the dome or circumferential annular bead 21 of the outer housing part 20 allows a further improved cooling of the electrical components located in the plug dome 11.

The housing according to the invention enables the cooling of an electric drive arranged in the interior or aggregate in an efficient manner, since a heat transfer over a large part of the available ^¬ surfaces can take place.

At the same time, the housing according to the invention can be built very compact. Another advantage is that the production of all electrical connections to the housing located in the electric drive (including optional other components) can be done via a plug connection, wherein the heat generated by the connector and other electronic components can also be dissipated via the cooling arrangement.

Claims

claims

Characterized in that the housing (1) comprises two concentric Gehäusetei ^¬ le (10, 20), of which an inner housing part (10) is the electric drive (1) housing for receiving an electric drive with cooling channels through which a cooling fluid can flow 30) and an outer housin ^¬ seteil (20) over the inner housing part (10) is arranged, wherein the cooling channels (12) in the mutually facing surfaces of the inner and / or the outer housing part (10, 20) are formed and in the circumferential direction of the housing parts (10, 20) along at least a portion of an axis of the housing ^¬ parts (10, 20) extend.

2. Housing according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner and the outer housing part (10, 20) are cylindrical.

3. Housing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cooling channels (12) between the housing parts (10, 20) are at least partially coiled.

4. Housing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cooling channels (12) between the housin ^¬ seteilen (10, 20) at least partially meander-shaped.

5. Housing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cooling channels (12) are formed 1-way or 2-common and / or arranged.

6. Housing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cooling channels (12) are formed as flat grooves with an aspect ratio of at least 1: 2, in particular 1: 4.

7. Housing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner housing part (10) comprises an inte ^¬ gralen plug dome (11), in which at least part of the electrical connection lines of the electric drive ends and connected to the plug dome (11) arranged plug contact ^¬ connection elements (16), which are contacted via a complementary external plug-in element.

8. Housing according to claim 7, characterized in that the plug dome (11) via a heat conducting means (22) to a dome or a circumferential annular bead (21) of the outer housing part (20) is connected, wherein in the cathedral or in the umlaut fenden annular bead (21) is arranged at least one fluid port (23) for feeding and / or exit of the cooling fluid, wherein the at least one fluid port (23) least at ^¬ one of the cooling channels (12) in the facing surfaces of the inner and / or the outer housing part (10, 20) opens.

9. The housing of claim 7, characterized in that the Steckerdom (11) includes fully in addition at least one fluid port (23) for feeding and / or exit of the cooling fluid, wherein the at least one fluid port (23) least at ^¬ one of the cooling channels (12) in the mutually facing surfaces of the inner and / or the outer housing part (10, 20) opens.

10. Housing according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the inner and the outer housing part (10, 20) are non-detachably, in particular cohesively connected by a weld or soldering together.

11. Housing according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the inner and the outer housing part (10, 20) are releasably connected to each other.

12. Housing according to claim 11, characterized in that the inner and the outer housing part (10, 20) at least at the ends opposite in the axial direction via a sealing means (25, 26), in particular an O-seal, are sealed against each other.

13. Housing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer housing part (20) is made of at least ^¬ a molded part.

14. Housing according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer housing part (20) made of a metal, in particular aluminum, or a fiber composite material is formed.