WO2012027879A1 - 牙植体 - Google Patents

牙植体 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012027879A1
WO2012027879A1 PCT/CN2010/076459 CN2010076459W WO2012027879A1 WO 2012027879 A1 WO2012027879 A1 WO 2012027879A1 CN 2010076459 W CN2010076459 W CN 2010076459W WO 2012027879 A1 WO2012027879 A1 WO 2012027879A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
groove
section
implant
segment
dental implant
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Application number
PCT/CN2010/076459
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
林志声
林佳莹
Original Assignee
百丹特生医股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 百丹特生医股份有限公司 filed Critical 百丹特生医股份有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2010/076459 priority Critical patent/WO2012027879A1/zh
Publication of WO2012027879A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012027879A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0048—Connecting the upper structure to the implant, e.g. bridging bars
    • A61C8/0075—Implant heads specially designed for receiving an upper structure
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0018—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools characterised by the shape
    • A61C8/0022—Self-screwing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a dental implant, in particular to a medical object for implanting a human body to replace a root for setting an artificial crown.
  • an integrated or two-piece dental implant as an artificial root. It is an operation for implanting an implanted end of the dental implant from the gingival cavity of the oral cavity into the cortical bone and cancellous bone of the human body, and then exposing an extended sheathing end to the external gingiva, and further an artificial
  • the tooth crown is correspondingly sleeved and fixed on the sleeve end, and the technical means mainly aims to provide a stable supporting force through the interaction between the structure of the dental implant and the human bone, thereby preventing artificial teeth. It is unstable to the user's bite and wobble when chewing. Therefore, in addition to the material, the structure of the dental implant is also an important key.
  • a plurality of long card slots extending to the corresponding gingival part are used as a mechanism for clamping the artificial crown.
  • the structure is not sufficiently thin (such as the depth of the groove is too deep, the length of the groove is too long), which may cause the cost of processing the titanium material to be increased, and the length of the clamping groove is too long, which may easily increase the difficulty of setting the artificial crown. It is more likely that the distance between the bottom of the groove and the bone of the human body is too short, and the foreign matter will extend into the groove and penetrate into the gums and bones, which may become a disease end of the human body.
  • the cross-section of the threaded end of the implanted implant is mostly triangular, which is easy to produce lateral stress concentration, which may lead to local stress of the dental implant and stress deformation or collapse.
  • the chip squeezing groove provided on the implant end of the prior art dental implant is mostly designed to reduce the processing cost, so it is designed as a symmetrical groove type, but because the chip squeezing groove on the implant end is in contact with the human bone.
  • the force is directed to the tangential direction of the corresponding rotation, such a design fails to be effective when the implanted end is drilled into the human bone, and the planting should be reduced by a better trough distribution. The difficulty of dental surgery.
  • the length of the implanted end of the prior art dental implant is designed to be drilled only to the cancellous bone portion of the root of the human body. Since the cancellous bone layer is a soft bone layer, if the bone layer is soft, The firmness of artificial roots in this way is actually unsatisfactory.
  • the root and neck of the prior art dental implant body are provided with fixing screws for fixing to the upper layer of the cortical bone of the human body, thereby exposing the cortical bone to the posterior segment of the root neck without the fixed thread. It is worn on the surface of the bone in the corresponding gingiva of the human body, and the fixed thread is extended to the posterior segment of the root and neck to be gradually widened to be fixed to the opening of the bone after implantation, and the outer expansion design is gradually widened. Often, because the inclination is too large, the bone opening that needs to be drilled becomes larger, and the extent of the damaged bone surface is increased. The improper proportion is likely to cause adverse effects such as insufficient stability after fixation.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention is to design a dental implant comprising a neck portion, an implant portion and a set of solid segments; a rear portion of the root neck portion is a distal segment.
  • the outer contour presents a gradually wide and divergent shape from the front end to the rear end, and one surface thereof is a high-polished surface, and a front portion of the root neck portion is a fixed section, and a fixing fine thread is disposed thereon.
  • the implanting section is extended and formed on the front side of the fixed section of the root and neck, and a spirally distributed screw is arranged on an outer ring surface, and the cross-sectional shape of the threaded teeth is a slope of the front end section and a slower rear end section a steeper ladder type, and the outer diameter of the thread is slightly tapered from the rear side toward the front side, and the implant section is tapered at an outer end to become a sharp end section, and the sharp end One end of the segment is a rounded end surface, and the implant segment is recessed inwardly on the screw on the corresponding sharp end portion, and a plurality of chip squeezing grooves are formed in the groove, and a groove-shaped side tangential line of the chip splicing groove is formed.
  • the inclination of the line is 60 degrees, and the other side of the groove of the chip staking groove
  • the angle between the apex angle of the groove and the axis of the implant segment should be inclined by 30 degrees; the sleeve segment is extended to the rear side of the distal segment of the root neck, and the outer diameter thereof is tapered from the front side toward the back side.
  • a plurality of spaced-apart sleeves are recessed from the rear end of the outer ring wall of the sleeve portion, and the front side groove end of the sleeve groove and the end edge of the rear end portion of the sleeve groove are spaced apart from each other by a distance.
  • the length is at least 1.5 mm.
  • the total length of the fixed section of the implant section and the root neck may be 22 mm.
  • the groove has a groove depth of 0.5 mm.
  • a front end section of the thread has an angle of intersection with a longitudinal axial surface of the dental implant, and wherein a rear end section of the thread has an angle of intersection with the longitudinal axial plane of the dental implant at 70 degrees.
  • the divergent appearance has an inclination of between 5 and 10 degrees.
  • the sleeve portion is further recessed into the corresponding sleeve groove to be provided with a ring card slot, and the sleeve portion is further provided with an impression groove between the sleeve groove and the tip segment.
  • the shallow grooved groove is used to replace the deep groove type in the prior art, and the fixed effect can be achieved, but
  • the production cost can be effectively reduced, and it is not easy to have the problem of dirt and dirt, and after the groove length of the sleeve is effectively reduced, in addition to reducing the processing cost, an artificial crown is placed on the sleeve after the operation.
  • the difficulty will also be relatively reduced. Furthermore, it is more effective to prevent foreign matter from invading into the gums and bones due to the short distance between the stent and the distal segment, resulting in undesirable lesions.
  • the invention utilizes the improved cross-sectional shape of the screw to make the ladder shape and reduce the lateral stress concentration with a smoother end surface, in addition to preventing the tip of the existing dental implant from being affected by the side of the screw. If the local force is too large and the stress is deformed or collapsed, the contact area is increased, and the stability of the joint between the screw and the bone is improved, and the front end of the thread is inclined to be inclined, and the rear end is inclined.
  • the steeper design can assist the removal of the resistance during the implantation of the dental implant into the human body, and further, the present invention has the groove shape of the chip removing groove corresponding to the force receiving surface when drilling. Design, which can effectively reduce the resistance encountered when the implant segment is drilled during dental implant surgery, and further reduce the concentrated stress on the chip occlusion groove to avoid the dental implant from cracking there. .
  • the purpose of extending the length of the implant segment to achieve the hard bone layer that can be drilled into the cancellous bone layer during the implantation operation can greatly improve the integration of the dental implant with the human bone after surgery.
  • the corresponding segment of the root and neck distal segment of the dental implant is slightly expanded compared with the prior art.
  • the surface of the cortical bone required to be destroyed during the implantation process is more Small, and relatively, because the cortical bone surface damage is small, the firmness of the dental implant can be improved.
  • Fig. 1 is an external view of a dental implant of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a side view of a dental implant of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a front end view of the dental implant of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a rear end view of the dental implant of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing a modified embodiment of the dental implant of the present invention.
  • Connection 232 set of 30;
  • Impression groove 33 dental implants 91, 92.
  • the present invention is an integrated dental implant, which comprises a neck portion 10, an implant portion 20 and a set of solid segments 30 in a preferred embodiment. .
  • the posterior segment of the root neck portion 10 is a distal segment 11 which is correspondingly worn in the gums of the human body during the implantation of the teeth.
  • the outer contour of the bone surface has a gradually wide divergent appearance from the front end to the rear end.
  • the divergence shape may have an inclination of between 5 and 10 degrees, and the inclination is smaller than that of the prior art, so as to reduce the range of bone damage required during implantation, and the surface is a high polished surface, the root
  • the front section of the neck portion 10 is a fixed section 12 on which a fine thread for fixation is provided.
  • the fixing section 12 is correspondingly inserted into and fixed to the cortical bone of the human body when the tooth is implanted.
  • the aforementioned implant segment 20 is extended and formed at the front side of the fixed section 12 of the root neck portion 10, and has a spirally distributed screw 21 on the outer ring surface, and the cross-sectional shape of the thread 21 is processed to exhibit a front end slope.
  • a ladder type with a steeper inclination of the rear end section wherein the front end section of the thread 21 and the longitudinal axial plane of the dental implant can have an angle of intersection of 50 degrees, and wherein the rear end section of the thread 21 and the dental implant
  • the longitudinal axial plane may have an angle of intersection of 70 degrees, and the outer diameter of the thread 21 is slightly tapered from the rear end toward the front section (not shown in the drawings, which may be approximately 1 to 1.5 degrees).
  • the implant section 20 is tapered at the front end to become an acute end section 22, and the end of the sharp end section 22 is processed into a circle.
  • the accommodating section 20 is recessed inwardly on the thread 21 of the corresponding sharp end section 22 to provide a plurality of chip squeezing grooves 23 for providing an assisted bone drilling during the rotation of the dental implant.
  • the one side cut line 231 of the groove type of the chip removing groove 23 corresponds to the line 232 of the groove top angle and the axis of the implant section 20 exhibiting a 60 degree inclination, and the groove type of the chip removing groove 23 is another.
  • the one side cut line 233 is inclined at 30 degrees corresponding to the line 232 of the groove top angle and the axis of the implant section 20, and the total length of the fixed section 12 of the implant section 20 and the root neck 10 can be up to 22 PCT (MM) to facilitate deep penetration into the hard bone of the human cancellous bone at the time of implantation.
  • PCT PCT
  • the aforementioned sleeve portion 30 is extended and formed at the rear side of the distal end portion 11 of the root neck portion 10, which is a ring-shaped shaft body and whose outer diameter is tapered from the front side toward the rear side, and the outer ring wall of the sleeve portion 30 is formed therein.
  • a plurality of equigated slots 31 are formed in the upper end from the rear end.
  • the groove depth of the sleeve 31 is only 0.5 mm (MM), and the front groove end of the sleeve 31 is
  • the end edge of the rear end portion 11 has a fixed spacing, and the length of the spacing may be at least 1.5 mm (MM).
  • the sleeve portion 30 is further recessed into the outer ring wall surface of the corresponding sleeve groove 31 to provide a ring card slot. 32, and the outer ring wall surface of the sleeve portion 30 is further provided with a die groove 33 between the sleeve groove 31 and the tip segment 11 , and the die groove 33 can be correspondingly fixed for the clamping of an impression, thereby facilitating the tooth implant Implementation of a mold after body implantation.
  • the structural features of the present invention can be further applied to the dental implants 91 and 92 of various lengths and outer diameters according to different needs of the user to make different deformation embodiments.
  • the change in length and outer diameter is the same as in the creation feature, and a description is hereby made.
  • the present invention has the following features by improving the structure on the dental implant:
  • the deep grooved groove 31 is used to replace the deep groove type in the prior art, and the fixed effect can be achieved.
  • the manufacturing cost can be effectively reduced, and the problem of dirt and dirt is not easily obtained, and the groove length of the fixing groove 31 is effectively reduced to at least 1.5 mm after the tip portion 11 is removed, in addition to reducing the processing cost.
  • the difficulty of setting the artificial crown on the back after the operation will also be relatively reduced.
  • the foreign matter can be effectively prevented from invading into the gums and bones because the distance between the set groove 31 and the distal segment 11 is too short. Produces a bad lesion.
  • the present invention utilizes the improved cross-sectional shape of the screw 21 to exhibit a trapezoidal shape and reduce the lateral stress concentration with a smoother end surface, in addition to preventing the existing dental implant from being affected by the side of the screw.
  • the tip When the tip is locally stressed, the stress is deformed or collapsed, and the contact area is increased, and the stability of the joint between the thread 21 and the bone is improved, and the front end of the thread 21 is inclined.
  • the design with steeper inclination in the end direction can assist the removal of the resistance during the implantation of the dental implant into the human body, and further, the groove type of the chip removal groove 23 corresponds to the force when drilling.
  • the inclined design of the surface can effectively reduce the resistance encountered when the implant segment 20 is drilled during the dental implant operation, and further reduce the concentrated stress on the chip biting groove 23 to avoid the tooth. The implant broke from there.
  • the purpose of extending the length of the implant segment 20 to achieve a hard bone layer that can be drilled into the cancellous bone under the implantation procedure can greatly improve the integration of the dental implant with the human bone after surgery.
  • the distal segment 11 on the root and neck 10 of the dental implant corresponds to the fixed segment 12 in a slightly expanded design compared with the prior art, and the existing dental implant is required to be destroyed during the implantation process.
  • the surface layer of the cortical bone is small, and relatively, because the surface damage of the cortical bone is small, the firmness of the dental implant can be improved.
  • the present invention has achieved the desired effect under the prior art, and is not familiar to those skilled in the art. Moreover, the present invention has not been disclosed before the application, and it has Creativity, practicality, and the application requirements of the patent have been met, and the patent application is filed according to law. You are requested to approve the application for the invention patent to encourage the invention.

Description

牙植体 技术领域
本发明是有关于一种牙植体，特指一种用于植入人体以取代牙根以供套设一人工齿冠的医疗对象。
背景技术
随着现代医疗科技的不断进步，于牙医学中已发展出一套受到广泛应用的植牙技术，其中一重要关键技术为利用一一体式或者两截式的牙植体做为人工牙根，其为利用手术将牙植体的一植入端自口腔中牙龈处植入，进到人体的皮质骨及松质骨内，而后于牙龈外露出一延伸的套固端，再进一步将一人工齿冠对应配合地套设并固定于套固端上，由于其技术手段主要为透过牙植体的结构与人体骨骼间的相互配合，以达到提供稳固的支撑力的功能，进而防止人工齿冠于使用者咬合、咀嚼时产生摇晃等不稳定的现象，因此牙植体除了材质外，其结构性质也是分厘必较的重要关键。
而现有技术中，利用具有良好稳定性及坚固性的钛材质做为牙植体已算得上是一发展成熟的技术，然而对于牙植体的外型结构上却仍有不少问题存在，细述如下:
1.于一体式的牙植体后端与人工齿冠的结合部位，现有技术中多半利用设置数道延伸至对应牙龈部位的长卡制槽作为套设卡制人工齿冠的机制，然其于结构上实为精简度不足（如槽深过深、槽长过长），恐造成钛材质加工的成本提高，且卡制槽长过长亦容易造成套设人工齿冠的难度提高，更可能会因为卡制槽的槽底与人体的牙龈与骨质距离太短，而导致异物顺延卡制槽而侵入牙龈、骨质之内，而成为有害人体的病端。
2.现有技术牙植体植入端的螺牙断面外型多半为三角状，如此一来容易产生侧向应力集中的现象，可能导致牙植体的局部受力过高而产生应力变形或崩坏，且现有技术的牙植体的植入端上所设的排屑咬合槽多半为了减少加工成本，因而设计为对称的槽型，但因为植入端上的排屑咬合槽与人骨接触时，其受力向为对应旋转的切线方向受力，如此的设计在植入端旋转钻入人骨中时并未能有效率的发挥效果，应可透过更佳的槽型分布而降低植牙手术的难度。
3.现有技术的牙植体的植入端的长度设计上，于植入时仅能钻入至人体牙根部的松质骨部分，由于松质骨层为软质的骨层，因此若深究如此作法的人工牙根的牢固程度，实际上为未尽人意的。
4.现有技术的牙植体的根颈部上皆会设有固定用的固定螺纹以锁固于人体的皮质骨上层，进而让未设有固定螺纹的根颈部后段露出皮质骨而穿设于对应人体的牙龈内的骨质表面，而固定螺纹至根颈部后段呈渐宽的外扩设计，以于植入后固定于骨质的开口处，然渐宽的外扩设计往往因为倾斜度过大，造成所需要钻开的骨质开口随着变大，而破坏的骨质表层范围提升，不妥当的比例很容易造成固定后稳定度不足等不良影响。
 技术问题
有鉴于上述现有技术存在的问题，本发明的主要目的在于提供一种牙植体，以期克服现有技术的难点。
技术解决方案
为达到上述目的，本发明所采用的技术方案为设计一种牙植体，其包含一根颈部、一植入段及一套固段；根颈部上的一后段为一末梢段，其外轮廓自前端朝后端呈现一渐宽的辐散状外型，且其一表面为一高抛光面，而根颈部的一前段为一固定段，其上设有一固定用的细螺纹；植入段延伸成型于根颈部的固定段的前侧处，其一外环面上设有一螺旋分布的螺牙，螺牙的断面外型为呈现前端段斜度较缓后端段斜度较陡的梯型，且螺牙的外径自后侧处朝前侧处呈现微略的渐缩，且植入段于一前端处呈现外径渐缩以成为一锐端段，而锐端段的一端部为一圆缓端面，而植入段于对应锐端段上的螺牙上朝内凹入设有多个排屑咬合槽，排屑咬合槽的一槽型的一侧切面线对应于槽型顶角与植入段的一轴心的一连线呈现60度的倾斜，且排屑咬合槽的槽型的另一侧切面线对应于槽型顶角与植入段的轴心的连线呈现30度的倾斜；套固段延伸成型于根颈部的末梢段的后侧，其外径自前侧朝后侧呈现渐缩，且其中套固段的外环壁上自后端处朝内凹入设有多个间隔分布的套固槽，套固槽的前侧槽端与末梢段的后端的端缘保持有一间距，间距的长度至少为1.5公厘。
其中，所述植入段与根颈部的固定段的总和长度可为22公厘。
其中，所述套固槽的槽深为0.5公厘。
其中，所述螺牙的一前端段与牙植体的一纵轴向面呈50度的交角，且其中螺牙的一后端段与牙植体的纵轴向面呈70度的交角。
其中，所述辐散状外型的倾斜度介于5至10度之间。
且其中，所述套固段进一步于对应套固槽处凹入设有一环卡槽，且套固段进一步于套固槽与末梢段之间设有一印模槽。
 有益效果
通过上述设计可达到的有益效果细述如下:
1.于一体式的牙植体的套固段处上以槽深较浅的套固槽取代过去现有技术中槽深较深的型态，其所能达到的固定效果不变，但于制作成本上可有效降低，且不易有藏污纳垢的问题，且套固槽的槽长有效率的缩减后，除减少了加工成本外，于手术后要于其上套设人工齿冠的难度也将相对的降低，再者，更可有效防止异物因为套固槽与末梢段的距离太短而入侵至牙龈及骨质内，产生不良病变。
2.本发明利用改善螺牙的断面外型，使其呈现梯型状而以较平滑的端面来减少侧向应力集中的现象，除可防止如现有的牙植体因螺牙侧面的尖端局部受力过大而产生应力变形或崩坏外，此外亦增加了接触面积，而可提高螺牙与骨骼间的结合稳定度，且使螺牙的前端向倾斜度较缓，后端向倾斜度较陡的设计，更可于牙植体植入人体的过程中，协助其排除阻力，且再者，本发明将排屑咬合槽的槽型对应于钻入时的受力面作倾斜的设计，如此一来可有效率地降低植牙手术中植入段钻入时所遭遇的阻力，此外更可减少于排屑咬合槽上所受到的集中应力，以避免牙植体自该处崩裂。
3.利用将植入段的长度延伸的设计而达到可于植入手术中钻入松质骨下层的硬骨层的目的，将可大幅度地提高牙植体于手术后与人体骨骼结合上的牢固程度。
4.将牙植体的根颈部末梢段对应固定段呈较先前技术微略的外扩设计，对照现有的牙植体而言，于植入过程中所需破坏的皮质骨表层部位较小，且相对地，因为皮质骨表层破坏较小而可提高牙植体实施时的牢固性。
 附图说明
图1为本发明的牙植体的外观图。
图2为本发明的牙植体的侧视图。
图3为本发明的牙植体的前端视图。
图4为本发明的牙植体的后端视图。
图5为本发明的牙植体的变形实施例示意图。
【主要元件符号说明】
根颈部 10 ；末梢段 11；
固定段 12 ； 植入段 20；
螺牙 21 ； 锐端段 22；
排屑咬合槽 23 ； 切面线 231、233；
连线 232； 套固段 30；
套固槽 31； 环卡槽 32；
印模槽 33 ； 牙植体 91、92。
 本发明的实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下将本发明配合附图，并以实施例的表达形式详细说明如下，而其中所使用的附图，其主旨仅为示意及辅助说明书之用，未必为本发明实施后的真实比例与精准配置，故不应就所附的附图的比例与配置关系局限本发明于实际实施上的专利范围，合先叙明。
请配合参看图1至图4所示，本发明为一种一体式的牙植体，其于一较佳的实施方式中包含一根颈部10、一植入段20及一套固段30。
前述的根颈部10的后段为末梢段11，于植牙时对应穿设于人体的牙龈中，骨质的表层内，其外轮廓自前端朝后端呈现渐宽的辐散状外型，辐散状外型的倾斜度可介于5至10度之间，倾斜程度较现有技术微小，以减少植入时需要对骨质进行破坏的范围，且其表面为高抛光面，根颈部10的前段为固定段12，其上设有固定用的细螺纹，固定段12于植牙时对应穿入并固定咬合于人体的皮质骨中。
前述的植入段20延伸成型于根颈部10的固定段12的前侧处，其外环面上设有螺旋分布的螺牙21，螺牙21的断面外型加工为呈现前端段斜度较缓后端段斜度较陡的梯型，其中螺牙21的前端段与牙植体的一纵轴向面可呈50度的交角，且其中螺牙21的后端段与牙植体的纵轴向面可呈70度的交角，且螺牙21的外径自后端处朝前段处呈现微略的渐缩（图式上亦不易显示，其或可约略为1至1.5度角的倾斜渐缩）以减少手术钻入骨中时产生的阻力，且植入段20于前端处呈现外径的渐缩以成为一锐端段22，而锐端段22的端部则加工成为一圆缓端面，植入段20于对应锐端段上22的螺牙21上朝内凹入设有多个排屑咬合槽23，以于牙植体旋转植入时提供一协助骨质受钻入破坏后的碎屑的流动，进而减少植入动作的阻力，并于牙植体植入后可透过与骨内组织相互卡制而防止牙植体松动或旋动，排屑咬合槽23的槽型的一侧切面线231对应于槽型顶角与植入段20轴心的连线232呈现60度的倾斜，且排屑咬合槽23的槽型的另一侧切面线233对应于槽型顶角与植入段20轴心的连线232呈现30度的倾斜，且植入段20与根颈部10的固定段12的总和长度可长达22公厘（MM），以利于植入时深入至人体松质骨底层的硬质骨中。
前述的套固段30延伸成型于根颈部10的末梢段11后侧处，其为环型杆身且其外径自前侧朝后侧呈现渐缩，且其中套固段30的外环壁上自后端处朝内凹入设有多个成等角间隔分布的套固槽31，套固槽31的槽深仅为0.5公厘（MM），套固槽31的前侧槽端与末梢段11的后端的端缘保持有一固定间距，间距的长度或可至少为1.5公厘（MM），套固段30进一步于对应套固槽31上的外环壁面凹入设有一环卡槽32，且套固段30的外环壁面进一步于套固槽31与末梢段11之间设有一印模槽33，印模槽33可对应供一印模的卡制固定，进而有利于牙植体植入后翻模的实施。
请进一步配合参看图5所示，本发明的结构特征可进一步依照使用者的需求不同，而应用实施于各种不同长度、外径的牙植体91、92上，以作成不同的变形实施态样，然仅为于长度及外径上作变更，于创作特征上相同，特此作一说明。
且本发明通过于牙植体上做结构的改良，进而具有下列特征:
1.于一体式的牙植体的套固段30处上以槽深较浅的套固槽31取代过去现有技术中槽深较深的型态，其所能达到的固定效果不变，但于制作成本上可有效降低，且不易有藏污纳垢的问题，且套固槽31的槽长有效率的缩减至与末梢段11保持至少1.5公厘后，除减少了加工成本外，于手术后要于其上套设人工齿冠的难度也将相对的降低，再者，更可有效防止异物因为套固槽31与末梢段11的距离太短而入侵至牙龈及骨质内，产生不良的病变。
2.本发明利用改善螺牙21的断面外型，使其呈现梯型状而以较平滑的端面来减少侧向应力集中的现象，除可防止如现有的牙植体因螺牙侧面的尖端局部受力过大而产生应力变形或崩坏外，此外亦增加了接触面积，而可提高螺牙21与骨骼间的结合稳定度，且使螺牙21的前端向倾斜度较缓，后端向倾斜度较陡的设计，更可于牙植体植入人体的过程中，协助其排除阻力，且再者，本发明将排屑咬合槽23的槽型对应于钻入时的受力面作倾斜的设计，如此一来可有效率地降低植牙手术中植入段20钻入时所遭遇的阻力，此外更可减少于排屑咬合槽23上所受到的集中应力，以避免牙植体自该处崩裂。
3.利用将植入段20的长度延伸的设计而达到可于植入手术中钻入松质骨下层的硬骨层的目的，将可大幅度地提高牙植体于手术后与人体骨骼结合上的牢固程度。
4.且将牙植体的根颈部10上的末梢段11对应固定段12呈较先前技术微略的外扩设计，对照现有的牙植体而言，于植入过程中所需破坏的皮质骨表层部位较小，且相对地，因为皮质骨表层破坏较小而可提高牙植体实施时的牢固性。
综观上述，可见本发明在突破先前的技术下，确实已达到所欲增进的功效，且也非熟悉该项技艺者所易于思及，再者，本发明申请前未曾公开，且其所具的创造性、实用性，显已符合专利的申请要件，爰依法提出专利申请，恳请贵局核准本件发明专利申请案，以励发明，至感德便。
以上所述的实施例仅为说明本发明的技术思想及特点，其目的在使熟习此项技艺的人士能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施，当不能以之限定本发明的专利范围，即大凡依本发明所揭示的精神所作的均等变化或修饰，仍应涵盖在本发明的专利范围内。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种牙植体，其包含一根部、一植入段及一套固段，其特征在于：
    所述根颈部上的一后段为一末梢段，其外轮廓自前端朝后端呈现一渐宽的辐散状外型，且其一表面为一高抛光面，而所述根颈部的一前段为一固定段，其上设有一固定用的细螺纹；
    所述植入段延伸成型于所述根颈部的固定段的前侧处，其一外环面上设有一螺旋分布的螺牙，所述螺牙的断面外型为呈现前端段斜度较缓后端段斜度较陡的梯型，且所述螺牙的外径自后侧处朝前侧处呈现微略的渐缩，且所述植入段于一前端处呈现外径渐缩以成为一锐端段，而所述锐端段的一端部为一圆缓端面，而所述植入段于对应所述锐端段上的螺牙上朝内凹入设有多个排屑咬合槽，所述排屑咬合槽的一槽型的一侧切面线对应于所述槽型顶角与植入段的一轴心的一连线呈现60度的倾斜，且所述排屑咬合槽的槽型的另一侧切面线对应于所述槽型顶角与植入段的轴心的连线呈现30度的倾斜；
    所述套固段延伸成型于所述根颈部的末梢段的后侧，其外径自前侧朝后侧呈现渐缩，且其中所述套固段的外环壁上自后端处朝内凹入设有多个间隔分布的套固槽，所述套固槽的前侧槽端与末梢段的后端的端缘保持有一间距，所述间距的长度至少为1.5公厘。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的牙植体，其特征在于：所述辐散状外型的倾斜度介于5至10度之间。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的牙植体，其特征在于：所述套固槽的槽深为0.5公厘。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的牙植体，其特征在于：所述螺牙的一前端段与所述牙植体的一纵轴向面呈50度的交角，且其中所述螺牙的一后端段与牙植体的纵轴向面呈70度的交角。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的牙植体，其特征在于：所述套固段进一步于对应所述套固槽处凹入设有一环卡槽，且所述套固段进一步于所述套固槽与末梢段之间设有一印模槽。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的牙植体，其特征在于：所述植入段与根颈部的固定段的总和长度可为22公厘。
PCT/CN2010/076459 2010-08-30 2010-08-30 牙植体 WO2012027879A1 (zh)

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FR2908287A1 (fr) * 2007-12-18 2008-05-16 Paris Implants Implants dentaires monoblocs visses
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EP1702581A1 (en) * 2005-03-17 2006-09-20 Jose Gersberg Juan Dental implants integrated into the bone to sustain a dental prosthesis
FR2908287A1 (fr) * 2007-12-18 2008-05-16 Paris Implants Implants dentaires monoblocs visses
CN101357080A (zh) * 2008-09-08 2009-02-04 北京大学 一种螺纹状种植体
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CN101803956A (zh) * 2009-02-13 2010-08-18 威海威高生物技术有限公司 带凸缘圆柱形加复合圆弧齿结构的口腔种植体装置

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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JP2014104121A (ja) * 2012-11-27 2014-06-09 Kyocera Medical Corp 歯科インプラント用フィクスチャーおよび歯科インプラント

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