WO2012019483A1 - 泵送装置砼活塞的专用工具 - Google Patents

泵送装置砼活塞的专用工具 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012019483A1
WO2012019483A1 PCT/CN2011/075721 CN2011075721W WO2012019483A1 WO 2012019483 A1 WO2012019483 A1 WO 2012019483A1 CN 2011075721 W CN2011075721 W CN 2011075721W WO 2012019483 A1 WO2012019483 A1 WO 2012019483A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
piston
mounting plate
special tool
piston rod
hydraulic
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2011/075721
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
汤如龙
李建涛
何旭辉
Original Assignee
湖南三一智能控制设备有限公司
三一重工股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 湖南三一智能控制设备有限公司, 三一重工股份有限公司 filed Critical 湖南三一智能控制设备有限公司
Publication of WO2012019483A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012019483A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B53/22—Arrangements for enabling ready assembly or disassembly
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B27/00—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for
    • B25B27/02—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for connecting objects by press fit or detaching same
    • B25B27/026—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for connecting objects by press fit or detaching same fluid driven
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B15/00—Pumps adapted to handle specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts
    • F04B15/02—Pumps adapted to handle specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts the fluids being viscous or non-homogeneous

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of concrete pump, and in particular to a special tool for a pumping device and a piston.
  • the concrete conveying equipment realizes the suction and discharge of concrete through the expansion and contraction of the concrete piston in the concrete cylinder.
  • the piston is a consumable part and often needs to be replaced.
  • the expansion and contraction of the piston in the concrete cylinder is mainly driven by the piston rod in the hydraulic cylinder.
  • the helium piston 102 is placed in the concrete cylinder 101, the concrete cylinder 101 is connected to the water tank 105, and the tail of the piston 102 and the piston rod 103 of the hydraulic cylinder (not shown) in the pumping system are connected.
  • the connecting rod 104 is connected to the water tank 105, and the piston rod 103 of the hydraulic cylinder reciprocates under the action of the hydraulic oil to drive the helium piston 102 to expand and contract in the concrete cylinder 101.
  • the outlet of the concrete cylinder 101 and the hopper (not shown) In communication, therefore, during the retraction of the helium piston 102, the concrete cylinder 101 draws concrete from the hopper and, when extended, pumps the concrete out.
  • FIG. 2 the figure is a schematic diagram of a typical squeezing piston removal state.
  • the mast 106 is One end is against the root of the crucible piston 102, and the inner wall of the water tank 105 near the concrete cylinder 101 is used as a fulcrum, and the other end of the mast 106 is pressed to pry the crucible piston 102 out.
  • FIG. 2 the figure is a schematic diagram of a typical squeezing piston removal state.
  • the figure is a schematic diagram of a typical ⁇ piston loading state.
  • the ⁇ piston 102 When the ⁇ piston 102 is installed, the ⁇ piston 102 is aligned with the inlet of the concrete cylinder 101, so that one end of the mast 106 is held by the piston 102. On the underside, it is pushed into the concrete cylinder 101.
  • the present invention provides a special tool for a pumping device, a piston, which is driven by a hydraulic piston rod of a hydraulic cylinder, the special tool comprising a mounting plate and a grapple provided on the mounting plate The end of the grapple has a structure that is hooked with the tail end of the piston, and the mounting plate is fixed to the end of the hydraulic piston rod.
  • the root of the grapple is hinged to the mounting plate by an articulated shaft whose axis is perpendicular to the direction of movement of the helium piston.
  • a clip spring is further disposed between the grapple and the hinge shaft.
  • the special tool further includes a threaded screw rod and a screw nut matched with the threaded screw rod, one end of the threaded screw rod extends into the insertion hole of the hammer piston, and the screw nut and the screw nut The jaw pistons are in contact with each other, and the other end of the threaded rod is relatively fixed to the mounting plate.
  • the other end of the threaded screw is fixedly mounted on the base, and the base is connected to the connecting plate on the hydraulic piston rod by a fastener.
  • the base is set on the installation tray.
  • the mounting plate and the connecting plate on the hydraulic piston rod are connected by a fastener.
  • the tail portion of the mounting plate has a structure that is fitted to the end of the hydraulic piston rod; the special tool further includes a hoop, and the mounting plate and the hydraulic piston rod are assembled. The hoop is engaged with the mounting plate and the hydraulic piston rod.
  • the mounting plate has an opening, and the opening is adapted to the end of the hydraulic piston;
  • the special tool further includes a block, the block is matched with the opening, and the inside thereof The end is adapted to the structure of the end of the hydraulic piston rod, the block being coupled to the mounting plate by a fastener.
  • the number of the grapples is three, and the angle between the two is 120°.
  • the special tool for the pumping device ⁇ piston provided by the present invention comprises a mounting plate and a grapple provided on the mounting plate, the end of the grapple having a structure hooked with the tail of the piston, the mounting plate Fixed to the end of the hydraulic piston rod, when the piston is disassembled, the hydraulic piston rod retracts to drive the installation disc to retreat, and the grapple on the installation disc hooks the piston from the concrete cylinder, which is convenient to disassemble and saves time and labor.
  • the special tool of the ⁇ piston further includes a threaded screw and a screw nut matched with the threaded screw, one end of the threaded rod extends into the socket of the ⁇ piston, the thread The other end of the screw rod is relatively fixed to the mounting plate; when installed, the screw nut is in contact with the ⁇ piston, and the rotary screw nut can push the ⁇ piston into the concrete cylinder to conveniently fit the ⁇ piston into the concrete In the tank.
  • the other end of the threaded screw is fixedly mounted on the base, and the base is fitted on the mounting plate.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the working state of the helium piston
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view showing a typical squeezing piston removal state
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view showing a typical loading state of a helium piston
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a special tool for a helium piston according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 5-1 is a schematic view showing an installation tool of a special tool for a stern piston according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 5-2 is an A-direction view in Figure 5-1;
  • Figure 6-1 is a schematic view showing a disassembly tool of a special tool for a sputum piston according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 6-2 is a view taken along line B in Figure 6-1;
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the installation of a helium piston using a special tool for a piston of the present invention
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the disassembly of the helium piston using the special tool for the piston of the present invention
  • Figure 9 is a schematic view showing the first connection mode of the special tool for the piston of the piston and the hydraulic piston rod of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view showing the second connection mode of the special tool for the piston of the piston and the hydraulic piston rod of the present invention
  • 11-1 is a schematic view showing a third connection mode of a special tool for a piston of a piston and a hydraulic piston rod according to the present invention
  • Figure 11-2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of Figure 11-1.
  • the core of the present invention is to provide a special tool for the pumping device, the piston, which is used to make the disassembly of the piston more convenient.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a special tool for a helium piston according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the special tool of the pumping device piston includes a mounting plate 4 and a grapple 3 provided on the mounting plate 4, and the mounting plate 4 can be fixed to the end of the hydraulic piston rod 10; A screw nut 2 is provided, and one end of the threaded screw 1 is fixed to the mounting plate 4.
  • FIG. 5-1 is a schematic diagram of an installation tool of a special tool for a sputum piston according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5-2 is a view taken along line A in FIG. 5-1.
  • a base 5 can be provided at one end of the threaded screw 1.
  • FIG. 6-1 and FIG. 6-2 FIG. 6-1 is a schematic diagram of a disassembly tool of a special tool for a sputum piston according to a specific embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6-2 is a B-direction view of FIG. 6-1.
  • the corresponding position of the mounting plate 4 can be set to match the base 5 so that the base 5 is fitted to the mounting plate 4.
  • the size of the special tool is preferably equivalent to the size of the connecting rod 104 (not shown, referring to FIG. 1) connecting the piston 11 and the hydraulic piston rod 10; when the piston 2 is removed, after the connecting rod 104 is removed, it can be directly
  • the special tool is placed between the hydraulic piston rod 10 and the helium piston 2; after loading the helium piston 2, the special tool is taken out, and the connecting rod 104 can be directly installed; It is more convenient and quick to install the piston 2.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of installing a helium piston using the special tool of the piston of the present invention.
  • the screw nut 2 When the piston 11 is mounted, one end of the threaded screw 1 extends into the insertion hole at the rear of the piston 11, the screw nut 2 is in contact with the piston 11 and the other end of the threaded rod 1 is fixed to the end of the hydraulic piston rod 10.
  • the screw nut 2 is continuously rotated, and the piston 11 is pushed into the concrete cylinder 8.
  • the base 5 can be connected to the connecting plate 12 on the hydraulic piston rod 10 by a fastener, such as by bolting, or can be connected by other means, as long as the base 5 is in contact with the end of the hydraulic piston rod 10 during installation.
  • the screw nut 2 can be rotated to independently realize the mounting function.
  • the base 5 is machined to have a structure that can be fitted on the mounting plate 4, and the mounting plate 4 is connected to the end of the stem 10 of the hydraulic piston 4. At the same time, the base 5 can be fixed, which is convenient for the use of the special tool for the piston, and is convenient to carry.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of disassembling the helium piston using the special tool of the piston of the present invention.
  • the tail portion of the piston 11 is hooked by the grapple 3 on the mounting plate 4, and the end of the grapple 3 should have a structure that is hooked to the tail of the piston 11 while the mounting plate 4 and the hydraulic piston are The end of the rod 10 is fixedly connected.
  • the hydraulic piston rod 11 is retracted, and the mounting disc 4 is retracted, and the crucible piston 11 is hooked out of the concrete cylinder 8.
  • the threaded screw 1 When the threaded screw 1 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 5, the threaded screw 1 can be placed in the insertion hole at the rear of the piston 11 during the disassembly process to avoid interference between the threaded screw 1 and the helium piston 11. .
  • the root of the grapple 3 can be hinged to the mounting plate 4 via the hinge shaft 6, and the axis of the hinge shaft 6 is perpendicular to the direction of movement of the helium piston 11. As shown in Figure 6.
  • the three angles of the grapple are flexibly adjusted according to the size of the tail of the piston 11 so as not to be limited by the size of the piston 11 , which makes the application of the special tool wider.
  • a clamp spring 7 can be arranged between the grapple 3 and the hinge shaft 6 , and the grapple 3 can be kept inwardly engaged by the clamp spring 7;
  • the open grapple 3 is subjected to the pulling force of the clip spring 7 so as to tightly engage the tail portion of the piston 11; this ensures that the grapple 3 does not loosen during the retraction of the hydraulic piston rod 10.
  • the mounting plate 4 is fixed to the end of the hydraulic piston rod 10. , the purpose of fixing the other end of the threaded screw 1 can be achieved; at this time, the rotating screw
  • the mounting of the piston 11 can be achieved by the female 2.
  • the mounting plate 4 is fixed to the hydraulic piston rod 10 during the installation and removal of the crucible piston 2.
  • the special tool for the piston is used to push the piston 11 into the concrete cylinder 8 by the rotary pressing force of the screw nut 2, not only to operate the cylinder, but also to force the piston 11 to be evenly distributed, and to utilize the existing hydraulic pressure of the pumping device.
  • the pulling force generated by the piston rod 10 hooks the piston 11 and has the technical effect of saving time and labor, facilitating handling, and not easily causing damage to the piston.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the first connection mode of the special piston tool and the hydraulic piston rod of the present invention.
  • the end of the hydraulic piston rod 10 is provided with a connecting disc 12, the end of the hydraulic piston rod 10 is in close contact with one end of the connecting disc 12, and the end of the hydraulic piston rod 10 is provided with a corresponding threaded hole, the nut 13 and the threaded rod matched thereto 14 is screwed in from the opposite end (the one end of the mounting plate 4) to fix the hydraulic piston rod 10 and the lands 12.
  • the mounting disc 4 is fixedly connected to the other end of the connecting disc 12 by bolts, and the mounting disc 4 is fixedly connected to the end of the hydraulic piston rod 10 through the connecting disc 12; thus, the hydraulic piston rod 10 can pull the mounting disc 4 to move.
  • the structure of the structure is simple and easy to operate, and can be applied to the corresponding type of hydraulic piston rod 10.
  • the connection of the mounting plate 4 to the lands 12 can also be achieved by other fasteners.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing the second connection mode of the special tool for the piston and the hydraulic piston rod of the present invention.
  • One end of the mounting plate 4 (the end opposite to the direction of the grapple) has a structure that is fitted to the end of the hydraulic piston rod 10.
  • the mounting plate 4 is provided with a protruding structure 16; when the piston 11 is removed, The projecting structure 16 is fitted to the end of the hydraulic piston rod 10 to form a unitary body, and the end portion of the mounting plate 4 and the hydraulic piston rod 10 is engaged by the hoop 15, thereby fixing the mounting plate 4 and the hydraulic piston rod 10.
  • the structure that is fitted to the end of the hydraulic piston rod 10 can have various options.
  • the protruding structure 16 it can include a complete convex ring, can include a plurality of circumferentially extending projections, and can also be provided with a hoop. Ring 15 mates with pits, and so on.
  • FIG. 11-1 is a schematic view showing a third connection manner of the special tool for the piston of the piston and the hydraulic piston rod of the present invention
  • FIG. 11-2 is a sectional view taken along line CC of FIG. 11-1.
  • the end of the hydraulic piston rod 10 has a constricted section and an annular flange 17 connected to the constricted section, the opening and the constricted section of the end of the hydraulic piston rod 10 Fitted; when the hydraulic piston rod 10 is placed in the opening and retracted under the action of hydraulic pressure, the annular flange 17 can prevent the hydraulic piston rod 10 from passing through the opening, and the hydraulic pressure is applied in the direction of movement of the hydraulic piston rod 10
  • the piston rod 10 is relatively fixed to the mounting plate 4, so that the hydraulic piston rod 10 drives the mounting plate 4 to retreat.
  • the card block 18 can also be used. As shown in Fig.
  • the block 18 is adapted to the opening, and preferably the inner end of the block 18 is also adapted to the structure of the end of the hydraulic piston rod 10. After the hydraulic piston rod 10 is placed in the opening on the mounting plate 4, the block 18 is placed in the opening, and the inner end is caught by the hydraulic piston rod 10; in order to prevent the block 18 from falling off, the outer end of the block 18 can be mounted.
  • the disk 4 is connected by bolts 19; the arrangement of the blocks 18 makes the hydraulic piston rod 10 run more smoothly and does not come off the mounting plate 4, thereby improving the reliability of the connection.
  • grapple hooks can be arranged on the mounting plate 4, and each other has an angle of 120°.
  • Such a symmetrical arrangement makes the ⁇ piston 2 force uniform and stable; , you can also set the appropriate number of grab hooks according to actual needs.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)

Description

泵送装置砼活塞的专用工具 本申请要求于 2010 年 8 月 11 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 201020290939.3、 发明名称为"泵送装置砼活塞的专用工具"的中国专利申 请的优先权， 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。 技术领域
本发明涉及混凝土输送泵技术领域， 特别是涉及一种泵送装置砼活塞 的专用工具。
背景技术
混凝土输送设备通过混凝土缸中砼活塞的伸缩， 实现混凝土的吸入和 送出。 砼活塞是易损件， 经常需要更换。
砼活塞在混凝土缸中的伸缩主要是通过液压缸中的活塞杆来驱动。 如 图 1所示， 工作时， 砼活塞 102置于混凝土缸 101中， 混凝土缸 101与水 箱 105连接， 砼活塞 102的尾部与泵送系统中液压缸（图中未示出） 的活 塞杆 103通过连接杆 104连接于水箱 105中， 液压缸的活塞杆 103在液压 油作用下作往复运动， 带动砼活塞 102在混凝土缸 101中伸缩， 混凝土缸 101的出口与料斗 （图中未示出）相连通， 因此， 在砼活塞 102缩回的过 程中， 混凝土缸 101从料斗中吸入混凝土， 伸出时， 将混凝土泵出。
长期以来， 混凝土输送泵的易损件砼活塞的装拆是一大难题。 现有技 术中， 拆卸、 安装主要依靠撬杆进行。 如图 2所示， 该图为一种典型的砼 活塞取出状态示意图， 拆卸砼活塞 102时， 首先需要卸下砼活塞 102与液 压活塞杆 103之间的连接杆 104, 然后将撬杆 106的一端抵住砼活塞 102 的根部， 以靠近混凝土缸 101的水箱 105的内壁为支点， 按下撬杆 106的 另一端， 将砼活塞 102撬出。 如图 3所示， 该图为一种典型的砼活塞装入 状态示意图，安装砼活塞 102时，将砼活塞 102对准混凝土缸 101的进口， 使撬杆 106的一端 4氏住砼活塞 102的下侧， 将其顶入混凝土缸 101内。
使用撬杆拆卸、 安装砼活塞时， 不仅操作不便， 所需时间较长， 工作 效率较低， 而且容易损伤砼活塞， 进而影响砼活塞 102与混凝土缸 101之 间的配合关系。
因此， 如何更加筒便地拆卸、 安装砼活塞， 方便砼活塞的维修是本领 域技术人员目前需要解决的技术问题。 发明内容
为此， 本发明的目的是提供一种泵送装置砼活塞的专用工具， 该专用 工具使砼活塞的拆卸更加筒便。
为了实现上述目的， 本发明提供了一种泵送装置砼活塞的专用工具， 所述砼活塞由液压缸的液压活塞杆驱动， 该专用工具包括安装盘以及设于 所述安装盘上的抓钩， 所述抓钩的端部具有与所述砼活塞尾部相钩合的结 构， 所述安装盘与所述液压活塞杆端部固定。
可选的， 所述抓钩的根部与所述安装盘通过铰接轴铰接， 该铰接轴的 轴线与所述砼活塞的运动方向垂直。
可选的， 所述抓钩与所述铰接轴之间还设有夹子弹簧。
可选的， 所述专用工具还包括螺纹丝杆以及与所述螺纹丝杆配套的丝 杆螺母， 所述螺纹丝杆的一端伸入所述砼活塞的插孔中， 所述丝杆螺母与 所述砼活塞相抵触， 所述螺纹丝杆的另一端与安装盘相对固定。
可选的， 所述螺纹丝杆的另一端固定安装于底座上， 所述底座与所述 液压活塞杆上的连接盘通过紧固件连接。
可选的， 所述底座套装于所述安装盘上。
可选的， 所述安装盘与所述液压活塞杆上的连接盘通过紧固件连接。 可选的， 所述安装盘的尾部具有与所述液压活塞杆的端部相互嵌合的 结构； 所述专用工具还包括箍环， 所述安装盘和所述液压活塞杆嵌合时， 所述箍环与所述安装盘以及所述液压活塞杆卡合。
可选的， 所述安装盘具有开口， 所述开口与所述液压活塞^ ^端部相适 配； 所述专用工具还包括卡块， 所述卡块与所述开口相配合， 且其内端与 所述液压活塞杆端部的结构相适配， 所述卡块与所述安装盘通过紧固件连 接。
可选的， 所述抓钩的数目为三个， 且互成 120°夹角。 本发明提供的泵送装置砼活塞的专用工具包括安装盘以及设于所述安 装盘上的抓钩， 所述抓钩的端部具有与所述活塞尾部相钩合的结构， 所述 安装盘与所述液压活塞杆端部固定， 拆卸砼活塞时， 液压活塞杆缩回带动 安装盘后退， 安装盘上的抓钩将砼活塞从混凝土缸中钩出， 拆卸方便操作 而且省时省力。
在一种具体实施方式中， 砼活塞的专用工具还包括螺纹丝杆以及与所 述螺纹丝杆配套的丝杆螺母， 所述螺纹丝杆的一端伸入所述砼活塞的插孔 中， 螺纹丝杆的另一端与安装盘相对固定； 安装时， 所述丝杆螺母与所述 砼活塞相抵触， 旋转丝杆螺母即可将砼活塞顶入混凝土缸内， 方便地将砼 活塞装入混凝土缸中。
在另一种具体实施方式中，所述螺纹丝杆的另一端固定安装于底座上， 所述底座套装在所述安装盘上。 安装砼活塞时， 将安装盘固定在液压活塞 杆上， 从而可以固定底座和螺纹丝杆， 为发挥丝杆螺母的旋转顶入功能提 供前提。
附图说明
图 1为砼活塞的工作状态示意图；
图 2为一种典型的砼活塞取出状态示意图；
图 3为一种典型的砼活塞装入状态示意图；
图 4为本发明一种具体实施方式的砼活塞专用工具示意图；
图 5-1为本发明一种具体实施方式的砼活塞专用工具的安装工具示意 图；
图 5-2为图 5-1中的 A向视图；
图 6-1为本发明一种具体实施方式的砼活塞专用工具的拆卸工具示意 图；
图 6-2为图 6-1中 B向视图；
图 7为使用本发明砼活塞专用工具安装砼活塞的示意图；
图 8为使用本发明砼活塞专用工具拆卸砼活塞的示意图；
图 9 为本发明砼活塞专用工具与液压活塞杆的第一种连接方式示意 图；
图 10 为本发明砼活塞专用工具与液压活塞杆的第二种连接方式示意 图；
图 11-1为本发明砼活塞专用工具与液压活塞杆的第三种连接方式示意 图；
图 11-2是图 11-1中 C-C剖视图。
具体实施方式
本发明的核心是提供一种泵送装置砼活塞的专用工具， 该种砼活塞专 用工具使砼活塞的拆卸更加筒便。
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本发明方案， 下面结合附图和具 体实施方式对本发明作进一步的详细说明。
请参考图 4, 图 4为本发明一种具体实施方式的砼活塞专用工具示意 图。
该具体实施方式中， 泵送装置砼活塞的专用工具包括安装盘 4以及设 于安装盘 4上的抓钩 3, 安装盘 4可以与液压活塞杆 10端部固定； 还包括 螺纹丝杆 1以及与其配套的丝杆螺母 2, 螺纹丝杆 1的一端与安装盘 4相 对固定。
当螺纹丝杆 1不与安装盘 5固定相连时， 可以分解为安装工具和拆卸 工具。 请参考图 5-1和图 5-2, 图 5-1为本发明一种具体实施方式的砼活塞 专用工具的安装工具示意图； 图 5-2为图 5-1中的 A向视图。 螺纹丝杆 1 的一端可以设置底座 5。 请参考图 6-1和图 6-2, 图 6-1为本发明一种具体 实施方式的砼活塞专用工具的拆卸工具示意图； 图 6-2为图 6-1中 B向视 图。 安装盘 4的相应位置可以设置与底座 5相配合的结构， 以使底座 5套 装于安装盘 4上。
专用工具的尺寸优选与连接砼活塞 11和液压活塞杆 10的连接杆 104 (图中未示出， 参考图 1 ) 的尺寸相当； 拆卸砼活塞 2时， 在拆下连接杆 104后， 可以直接将专用工具置于液压活塞杆 10与砼活塞 2之间； 在装入 砼活塞 2后， 取出专用工具， 可以直接安装连接杆 104; 这就使拆卸与安 装砼活塞 2更加方便快捷。
请参考图 7, 该图为使用本发明砼活塞专用工具安装砼活塞的示意图。 安装砼活塞 11时， 螺纹丝杆 1的一端伸入砼活塞 11尾部的插孔中， 丝杆 螺母 2与砼活塞 11相抵触， 螺纹丝杆 1的另一端固定于液压活塞杆 10的 端部， 不断旋转丝杆螺母 2, 砼活塞 11便被顶入混凝土缸 8内。 底座 5可 以通过紧固件与液压活塞杆 10上的连接盘 12连接， 比如通过螺栓固定， 也可以采取其他方式连接， 只要在安装时，将底座 5与液压活塞杆 10的端 部相抵触， 即可旋转丝杆螺母 2, 独立地实现安装功能， 优选的技术方案 中， 将底座 5加工成具有能够套装在安装盘 4上的结构， 在安装盘 4与液 压活塞 4干 10端部连接的同时可以固定底座 5,方便砼活塞专用工具的使用， 而且便于携带。
请参考图 8, 该图为使用本发明砼活塞专用工具拆卸砼活塞的示意图。 拆卸砼活塞 11时， 使用安装盘 4上的抓钩 3钩住砼活塞 11的尾部， 抓钩 3的端部应具有与砼活塞 11尾部相钩合的结构， 同时将安装盘 4与液压活 塞杆 10的端部固定连接， 在液压油的作用下， 液压活塞杆 11缩回， 带动 安装盘 4后退的同时将砼活塞 11钩出混凝土缸 8。 当螺纹丝杆 1与安装盘 5固定相连的情况下， 在拆卸过程中， 可以使螺纹丝杆 1位于砼活塞 11尾 部的插孔中， 以避免螺纹丝杆 1与砼活塞 11之间的干涉。
为了使抓钩 3工作更加灵活， 可以将抓钩 3的根部与安装盘 4通过铰 接轴 6铰接， 并使该铰接轴 6的轴线与砼活塞 11的运动方向垂直。 如图 6 所示。 在铰接的状态下， 抓钩 3张角根据砼活塞 11尾部的大小灵活调整， 从而不受砼活塞 11大小的限制，使专用工具的应用范围更广。 为了进一步 保证抓钩 3能够紧扣砼活塞 11 , 可以在抓钩 3与铰接轴 6之间设置夹子弹 簧 7, 并通过夹子弹簧 7使抓钩 3保持向内部扣合的趋势； 使用时， 张开 的抓钩 3会受到夹子弹簧 7的拉力作用，从而紧扣住砼活塞 11的尾部； 这 样能够确保在随液压活塞杆 10后退的过程中， 抓钩 3不会松动。
此外， 在螺纹丝杆 1的底座 5套装于安装盘 4上时， 即底座 5与安装 盘 4相连的情况下， 安装砼活塞 2时， 将安装盘 4固定在液压活塞杆 10 的端部上， 可以实现固定螺纹丝杆 1的另一端的目的； 此时， 旋转丝杆螺 母 2 即可实现对砼活塞 11 的安装。 此种情况下， 在安装与拆卸砼活塞 2 的过程中， 安装盘 4均与液压活塞杆 10固定。
该种砼活塞专用工具，运用丝杆螺母 2的旋转挤压力将砼活塞 11顶入 混凝土缸 8内， 不仅操作筒便， 使砼活塞 11受力匀称， 而且利用泵送装置 已有的液压活塞杆 10产生的拉力将砼活塞 11钩出， 还具有省时省力、 便 于操控、 不容易对砼活塞造成损伤的技术效果。
根据液压活塞杆 10端部结构的不同，可以相应的设计安装盘 4与液压 活塞杆 10的固定连接方式。 请参考图 9, 该图为本发明砼活塞专用工具与 液压活塞杆的第一种连接方式示意图。液压活塞杆 10的端部设置有连接盘 12, 液压活塞杆 10端部贴紧连接盘 12的一端， 液压活塞杆 10端部设有相 应的螺纹孔， 与其相适配的螺母 13和螺紋杆 14自相对的一端 （连接安装 盘 4的一端）旋入， 将液压活塞杆 10与连接盘 12固定。 安装盘 4与连接 盘 12的另一端通过螺栓固定连接， 通过连接盘 12使安装盘 4与液压活塞 杆 10端部固定连接； 这样， 液压活塞杆 10就可以拉动安装盘 4运动。 此 种结构制作工艺筒单， 操作方便， 可以适用于相应类型的液压活塞杆 10。 当然， 也可以通过其他紧固件实现安装盘 4与连接盘 12的连接。
请参考图 10, 该图为本发明砼活塞专用工具与液压活塞杆的第二种连 接方式示意图。 安装盘 4的一端 （与抓钩方向相反的一端）具有与液压活 塞杆 10的端部相互嵌合的结构， 本例中， 安装盘 4设置有凸出结构 16; 拆卸砼活塞 11时，将凸出结构 16与液压活塞杆 10端部相嵌合，形成整体， 再使用箍环 15卡合住安装盘 4与液压活塞杆 10的端部， 从而固定安装盘 4与液压活塞杆 10。与液压活塞杆 10的端部相互嵌合的结构可以有多种选 择， 就凸出结构 16而言， 可以包括完整的凸环， 可以包括多个周向延伸的 凸块， 还可以设置与箍环 15相配合的凹坑， 等等。
为了减小连接结构占用的空间， 方便连接操作， 还可以在安装盘 4上 设置开口， 开口的结构与液压活塞杆 10端部的结构相适配。 请参考 11-1 和图 11-2, 图 11-1为本发明砼活塞专用工具与液压活塞杆的第三种连接方 式示意图， 图 11-2是图 11-1中 C-C剖视图。 液压活塞杆 10端部具有缩颈 段和与缩颈段相连的环状突缘 17, 开口与液压活塞杆 10端部的缩颈段的 相适配； 当液压活塞杆 10置于开口内， 并在液压力作用下缩回时， 环状突 缘 17能够阻止液压活塞杆 10穿过开口，在液压活塞杆 10运动方向上，使 液压活塞杆 10与安装盘 4保持相对固定， 使液压活塞杆 10带动安装盘 4 后退。 为了进一步的使安装盘 4在后退过程中比较稳定， 还可以使用卡块 18。 如图 11-1所示， 卡块 18与开口相适配， 优选卡块 18内端与液压活塞 杆 10端部的结构也相适配。 当液压活塞杆 10放入安装盘 4上的开口后， 将卡块 18放入开口中，其内端卡住液压活塞杆 10;为了防止卡块 18脱落， 卡块 18的外端可以与安装盘 4通过螺栓 19连接；卡块 18的设置使液压活 塞杆 10运行更加平稳， 不会脱离安装盘 4, 进而能够提高连接的可靠性。
为了使抓钩 3与砼活塞 11紧紧钩合，可以在安装盘 4上设置三个抓钩， 且互成 120°夹角， 这样的对称设置结构使得砼活塞 2受力均匀且稳定； 当 然， 也可以根据实际需要设置适当数量的抓钩。
以上对本发明所提供的泵送装置砼活塞的专用工具进行了详细介绍。 例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想。 应当指出， 对于 本技术领域的普通技术人员来说， 在不脱离本发明原理的前提下， 还可以 对本发明进行若干改进和修饰， 这些改进和修饰也落入本发明权利要求的 保护范围内。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种泵送装置砼活塞的专用工具， 所述砼活塞（11)由液压缸的液 压活塞杆 ( 10)驱动， 其特征在于， 所述专用工具包括安装盘（4) 以及设 于所述安装盘（4)上的抓钩 (3), 所述抓钩（3) 的端部具有与所述砼活 塞（ 11 )尾部相钩合的结构， 所述安装盘 ( 4 )与所述液压活塞杆（ 10 )端 部固定。
2、根据权利要求 1所述泵送装置砼活塞的专用工具， 其特征在于， 所 述抓钩（ 3 )的根部与所述安装盘（ 4 )通过铰接轴（ 6 )铰接， 该铰接轴（ 6 ) 的轴线与所述砼活塞（11 ) 的运动方向垂直。
3、根据权利要求 2所述泵送装置砼活塞的专用工具， 其特征在于， 所 述抓钩（3)与所述铰接轴 （6)之间还设有夹子弹簧（7)。
4、根据权利要求 1所述泵送装置砼活塞的专用工具， 其特征在于， 还 包括螺纹丝杆（ 1 ) 以及与所述螺纹丝杆（ 1 ) 配套的丝杆螺母（ 2 ), 所述 螺纹丝杆（ 1 )的一端伸入所述砼活塞（ 11 )的插孔中， 所述丝杆螺母（ 2 ) 与所述砼活塞（ 11 )相抵触， 所述螺纹丝杆（ 1 ) 的另一端与安装盘（4) 相对固定。
5、根据权利要求 4所述泵送装置砼活塞的专用工具， 其特征在于， 所 述螺纹丝杆（1)的另一端固定安装于底座（5)上， 所述底座（5)与所述 液压活塞杆 (10)上的连接盘 ( 12)通过紧固件连接。
6、根据权利要求 5所述泵送装置砼活塞的专用工具， 其特征在于， 所 述底座（5)套装于所述安装盘（4)上。
7、根据权利要求 1至 6任一项所述泵送装置砼活塞的专用工具，其特 征在于， 所述安装盘 ( 4 )与所述液压活塞杆 ( 10 )上的连接盘 ( 12 )通过 紧固件连接。
8、根据权利要求 1至 6任一项所述泵送装置砼活塞的专用工具，其特 征在于， 所述安装盘（4)的尾部具有与所述液压活塞杆 (10)的端部相互 嵌合的结构； 还包括箍环（ 15 ), 所述安装盘 ( 4 )和所述液压活塞杆 ( 10 ) 嵌合时， 所述箍环（ 15 )与所述安装盘 ( 4 )以及所述液压活塞杆（ 10 )卡 合。
9、根据权利要求 1至 6任一项所述泵送装置砼活塞的专用工具，其特 征在于， 所述安装盘（4)具有开口， 所述开口与所述液压活塞杆（10)端 部相适配； 还包括卡块（18), 所述卡块（18)与所述开口相配合， 且其内 端与所述液压活塞杆（10)端部的结构相适配， 所述卡块（18)与所述安 装盘（4)通过紧固件连接。
10、 根据权利要求 1至 6任一项所述泵送装置砼活塞的专用工具， 其 特征在于， 所述抓钩（3) 的数目为三个， 且互成 120。夹角。
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