WO2012014932A1 - オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼の溶接施工方法 - Google Patents

オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼の溶接施工方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012014932A1
WO2012014932A1 PCT/JP2011/067080 JP2011067080W WO2012014932A1 WO 2012014932 A1 WO2012014932 A1 WO 2012014932A1 JP 2011067080 W JP2011067080 W JP 2011067080W WO 2012014932 A1 WO2012014932 A1 WO 2012014932A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
welding
stainless steel
austenitic stainless
weight
filler rod
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PCT/JP2011/067080
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
啓介 志賀
和裕 津野
孝直 千年
忍 古川
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新興プランテック株式会社
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Publication of WO2012014932A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012014932A1/ja

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
    • B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
    • B23K35/308—Fe as the principal constituent with Cr as next major constituent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
    • B23K35/0255—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in welding
    • B23K35/0261—Rods, electrodes, wires
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
    • B23K35/362—Selection of compositions of fluxes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/02—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts
    • B23K9/028—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts for curved planar seams
    • B23K9/0282—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts for curved planar seams for welding tube sections
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
    • B23K9/167—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a non-consumable electrode
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/23—Arc welding or cutting taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
    • B23K2101/06—Tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
    • B23K2103/04—Steel or steel alloys
    • B23K2103/05—Stainless steel

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to reverse wave welding of austenitic stainless steel. More specifically, regarding back wave welding, complete penetration welding is possible by TIG one-side welding of austenitic stainless steel piping that does not require back shield gas, and can obtain welds with excellent back wave performance without using back shield gas. Regarding the method. More specifically, the present invention relates to the provision of a welding method that can ensure two or more types of quality according to the standard of “radiation transmission test method for stainless steel welded joint” defined in JIS Z 3106.
  • back wave welding by TIG welding is generally employed as a method of forming a weld bead from one side of the object to be welded to the back surface.
  • a back shield gas such as an inert gas
  • Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-20397
  • Patent Document 1 proposes a method in which a metal shell is filled with a flux, the upper surface of the bead is covered with an inert gas, and the lower surface is covered with a molten flux so that the welded portion is completely shielded from the atmosphere.
  • Patent Document 1 ensures the ability to form a back wave, but in the case of welding a pipe or the like, a large amount of slag remains therein. May be a problem.
  • Patent Document 2 discloses a method in which a bag that expands in a pipe is installed on both sides of a groove and inflated, and a back shield gas is passed between them to make a local back shield. Has proposed.
  • Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 60-40671
  • Patent Document 2 a special jig or device for that purpose is required, and appropriate welding is performed depending on the arrangement and shape of the target structure. May not be applicable or may be difficult to adopt.
  • Patent Document 3 relates to a technique for welding two types of steel materials to form a steel pipe, although austenitic stainless steel is used. It is not a welding technique for the purpose of shielding effect to ensure performance.
  • Patent Document 4 discloses that C: 0.15% or less, Cr: 0 to 12.5%, Mo: 0.3 to 1.2%, Ni: 0 to 1 by weight%. .3%, Al: 0.01% or less, Si satisfying the following formula, and Mn satisfying the following formula, respectively, and the balance Fe and impurities, P and S in the impurities are P: 0.03% or less, respectively. And S: 0.005% or less, and O (oxygen) is made of steel satisfying the following formula, and a welding material for steel that can omit the use of a back shield gas is proposed.
  • O oxygen
  • Patent Document 4 prescribes up to ferritic stainless steel, and austenitic stainless steel with a larger amount of Cr and easily oxidized in the back is omitted from the construction object. ing.
  • Patent Document 5 provides a stainless steel pipe for non-back shield welding. This (Patent Document 5) provides the concept of non-back shield, but this method is suitable for special applications such as butt welding of water-related pipes, with various welding conditions. It can not meet a wide range of demand.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and uses a back shield gas by forming a Si oxide film on the surface of a back bead when performing back wave welding of austenitic stainless steel. It aims at providing the welding method which can construct the welding part which has the outstanding back wave performance, without.
  • an unhealthy back bead with severe irregularities is formed.
  • the cause of this is that the molten pool that becomes the back bead directly touches the atmosphere, and an oxide film such as Cr oxide having a melting point much higher than that of stainless steel molten metal is formed on the surface of the molten metal by oxygen in the atmosphere.
  • unhealthy backside bead with severe irregularities is formed.
  • the wettability refers to whether or not the molten metal is easily distributed to the base material. This is governed by the difference between the surface tension of the base metal, the surface tension of the molten metal, the surface tension of the molten metal and the surface tension of the base metal surface.
  • the present invention is characterized by taking the following means in order to solve the above-described problems.
  • First by using an austenitic stainless steel filler rod containing Si: 0.65-1.50% by weight, the use of back shield gas can be omitted by forming an Si oxide film. It is providing the welding construction method of austenitic stainless steel characterized by being.
  • the first layer is welded by the first or second method, and fourth, multi-layer welding is performed by the first or second method, respectively. Is to provide.
  • welding is performed using a TIG filler rod of austenitic stainless steel containing Si: 0.65-1.50% by weight.
  • a welding method for austenitic stainless steel characterized by forming a Si oxide film on the backside bead surface by welding using a filler rod and shielding the backside bead surface of the weld metal from the atmosphere. Is to provide.
  • the effect is not sufficient if the content is less than 0.65%, while if the content exceeds 1.50%, the ductility of the ferrite phase of the weld metal decreases. Along with this, the toughness of the welded portion is greatly reduced, and melt penetration during welding is also reduced, which becomes a problem in practical welding.
  • Si is a ferrite-forming element. If its content is excessive, it deteriorates toughness and hot workability, and increases the hot cracking susceptibility during welding, so the upper limit of Si content is 1.50%. It was.
  • a high melting point oxide such as Cr oxide that inhibits the formation of sound backside bead without using a back shield gas by forming a molten pool with a high Si content. It is possible to obtain a smooth back bead.
  • the sound back bead of the first layer (the layer generated by the first welding in the welding) can be secured.
  • the above mechanism or reason is considered as follows.
  • Si has a strong affinity for oxygen compared to the constituent elements of the main stainless steel weld metals such as Cr. Oxides are formed preferentially over elements. Further, SiO 2 this is an oxide, because good wettability with the surface tension is small molten metal, the oxygen penetration of forming a dense oxide layer (film) on the surface of the molten metal to subsequent melt metal In addition to preventing, the melting point is lower than Cr oxide (Cr 2 O 3 : 2200 ° C. or higher, SiO 2 : 1723 ° C.), which is close to the solidification temperature of the molten metal. A sound back bead having an excellent surface property with few irregularities can be secured.
  • Cr oxide Cr 2 O 3 : 2200 ° C. or higher, SiO 2 : 1723 ° C.
  • stainless steel and its filler rod contain about 0.5% or less of Si, but this amount is insufficient to secure a back bead having excellent surface properties. It is. This is apparent from the fact that in the back welding with these general stainless steel filler metals, a back-bead shape with severe irregularities is formed when the back shield gas is not used. The back and forth bead shape with severe irregularities does not satisfy the two categories according to the standard of “Radiation Transmission Test Method for Stainless Steel Welded Joint” defined in JIS Z 3106, and is not acceptable in quality as a back welded joint. Therefore, conventionally, an inert gas such as Ar has been used as the back shield gas in order to ensure a sound backside weld bead.
  • an inert gas such as Ar has been used as the back shield gas in order to ensure a sound backside weld bead.
  • a sound welded bead shape can be obtained as a result of the welded joint. Therefore, 2 according to the criteria of “radiation transmission test method for stainless steel welded joint” defined in JIS Z 3106. It is possible to secure a quality that is equal to or better than that. Furthermore, according to the present invention, since the back shield gas is not used, complicated work such as storage, transport, management, filling, and release of the back shield gas is omitted, and at the same time, the procedure burden of the welding work process is reduced, Shorten welding construction period and reduce costs.
  • a high melting point oxide such as Cr oxide that inhibits the formation of sound backside bead without using a back shield gas by forming a molten pool with a high Si content. It is possible to obtain a smooth back bead. That is, according to the welding construction method of the present invention, first, the improvement of the shape of the back bead, the second, the quality of the back bead, the third, various cost merits, etc. Effects can be achieved.
  • each claim of the present invention is as follows. According to the welding construction method described in claims 1 to 4 of the present application, the welding surface is shielded from the outside air by forming a Si oxide film on the backside bead surface, and the weld metal is shielded from the atmosphere by the back shield gas. There is no need to do so, and a healthy backside bead can be obtained.
  • welding is performed using a filler rod having a high Si content, or a flux having a high Si content is mixed with a solvent. After applying this product to the groove surface, it is welded using a filler rod with a high Si content to form an Si oxide film, and the backside bead surface of the weld metal is formed without using a back shield gas. It will be shielded from the atmosphere and a healthy backside bead will be obtained.
  • test materials were produced under the following welding conditions, and five types of tests were performed after each welding to obtain respective test results.
  • the five types of tests are ⁇ Test Example 1> Backside bead appearance ([0036] is the same hereinafter)
  • Example 1 shows the chemical composition of the filler rod used in each of the inventive examples and comparative examples.
  • Example 1 Base material: Austenitic stainless steel SUS316L Filler rod: first layer W2 (Si content: 0.90%) Remaining layer W4 (commercially available filler rod equivalent to JIS standard Y316L (Si content: 0.39%)) (Remaining layer: remaining layers other than the first layer among all layers in multilayer welding) An austenitic stainless steel filler rod containing Si: 0.65 to 1.50% by weight was used for the first layer.
  • Back shield gas None
  • Example 2 Base material: Austenitic stainless steel SUS304 Filler rod: first layer W1 (Si content: 0.77%) Remaining layer W3 (commercially available filler rod equivalent to JIS standard Y308 (Si content: 0.39%)) As the flux, as shown in FIG. 4, a flux containing Si containing 60% or more of Si by weight is mixed from the groove front side of the welded part, and the first layer is weight%. An austenitic stainless steel filler rod containing Si: 0.65-1.50% was used. Back shield gas: None
  • Example 3 Base material: Austenitic stainless steel SUS316L Filler rod: first layer W2 (Si content: 0.90%) Remaining layer W4 (commercially available filler rod equivalent to JIS standard Y316L (Si content: 0.39%)) As the flux, as shown in FIG. 4, a flux containing Si containing 60% or more of Si by weight is mixed from the groove front side of the welded part, and the first layer is weight%. An austenitic stainless steel filler rod containing Si: 0.65-1.50% was used. Back shield gas: None
  • Table 1 Chemical composition of filler rod Unit wt% A W2 filler rod was used for the first layer of Example 1 and Example 3, and a W1 filler rod was used for the first layer of Example 2. In addition, a W4 filler rod was used for the remaining layers of Example 1 and Example 3, and a W3 filler rod was used for the remaining layer of Example 2, respectively. For Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, a W3 filler rod was used for all layers, and for Comparative Example 3, a W4 filler rod was used for all layers.
  • FIG. 6 shows an oxide film on the surface in Example 2 and Comparative Example 1 by a welding method using a commercially available filler rod and not using a back shield gas. It compares the element concentration distribution of the cross section of the back bead including.
  • This analysis data is a cross section of a butt weld joint manufactured by TIG welding, and is a data obtained by performing line analysis of Si, Cr, Fe, Ni and O (oxygen) from the weld metal side of the first layer toward the back surface. is there.
  • SiK, CrK, FeK, NiK and OK on the vertical axis of the diagram showing the concentration distribution indicates the characteristic X-ray K-rays emitted from each element constituting the sample when the sample to be analyzed is irradiated with an electron beam. Show.
  • the oxide film formed on the surface of the backside bead has high concentrations of Si and Cr, and the concentrations of Fe and Ni are rapidly decreased. This indicates that the main component of the oxide film is an oxide of Si and Cr, and almost no oxide of Fe and Ni is generated.
  • the oxide film formed on the surface of the back bead is characterized by the formation of oxides containing Si, and the low melting point oxide containing Si fills the gaps between the high-melting point Cr oxides produced in granular form and melts. It covers the surface of the molten metal without hindering the flow of metal and shields the weld metal from the atmosphere, thereby forming a healthy backside bead.
  • Comparative Example 1 The bead surface of Comparative Example 1 generates an oxide containing Cr, Fe, and Ni. However, since the Si concentration does not change between the weld metal and the oxide film, the amount of oxide containing Si is It turns out that there are not many.
  • a high melting point oxide such as a composite oxide of Cr, Fe and Ni is formed on the surface of the molten metal, and the high melting point oxide inhibits the fluidity of the molten metal, thereby causing unhealthy bead with severe irregularities. Is formed.
  • Table 3 shows the results of the joint tensile test and the back bending test performed on Examples 1 to 3 in accordance with JIS B 8285 “Confirmation Test Method for Pressure Vessel Welding Method”. The determination was made in accordance with JIS B 8285 “Confirmation Test Method for Pressure Vessel Welding Method Appendix 1 (Regulation) Evaluation Criteria for Confirmation Test of Welding Method”. From the mechanical test results shown in Table 3, it is recognized that the welded joint constructed by the welding method according to the present invention has good mechanical performance in both the tensile test and the back bending test.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a unit length (eg, 100 cm) of a filler rod 1 used for welding according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the groove size is 0 to 2 mm for the root face thickness
  • the appropriate range of the groove angle is 45 to 80 degrees, preferably 60 degrees
  • the root interval 6 is 0 to 5 mm, preferably Set to 5 mm. That is, if the groove angle exceeds 80 degrees, the required amount of deposited metal increases and the efficiency is inferior.
  • the appropriate range of the angle of the groove 4 is set to 45 to 80 degrees, preferably 60 degrees.
  • a flux 2 containing 60% or more by weight of Si mixed with solvent 3 is applied to the groove front side of the welded portion as shown in FIG. And may be welded.
  • a stainless steel pipe 5, its groove 4, and a route interval 6 are shown.
  • the groove surface 5 is coated with a flux containing 60% or more of Si and a solvent mixed with a solvent.
  • first layer welding is performed using an austenitic stainless steel filler rod containing 0.65 to 1.50% of Si after coating.
  • the method of the present invention or the conventional welding method may be used.
  • a bead smoothing agent a blow hole during TIG welding, a welding auxiliary material for the purpose of eliminating poor flow of hot water
  • the present invention eliminates the need for backshield gas, which can provide a welded portion having excellent backside performance without using backshield gas when back-welding austenitic stainless steel piping. It is related to the method of complete penetration welding by one-sided welding of stainless steel. By appropriately managing the amount of Si in the molten metal during welding at a high rate, the difference in the type and situation of the welding object and welding environment can be determined. It is industrially useful as a new technology that can be applied to a wide range of welding and can be applied to all-position welding.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Arc Welding In General (AREA)
  • Nonmetallic Welding Materials (AREA)
PCT/JP2011/067080 2010-07-30 2011-07-27 オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼の溶接施工方法 WO2012014932A1 (ja)

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WO2021179675A1 (zh) * 2020-03-13 2021-09-16 中国电建集团山东电力建设第一工程有限公司 一种高寒地区塔式光热发电熔盐管道焊接工艺
TWI740748B (zh) * 2020-12-15 2021-09-21 國立屏東科技大學 用於銲接異種鋼材的氬弧銲接助銲劑
WO2024095678A1 (ja) * 2022-11-02 2024-05-10 株式会社神戸製鋼所 ソリッドワイヤ及びガスシールドアーク溶接方法

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CN106513949A (zh) * 2016-11-14 2017-03-22 苏州热工研究院有限公司 一种适用于中小径奥氏体不锈钢管内壁免充氩保护对接焊接方法
CN108941959A (zh) * 2018-08-14 2018-12-07 上海空间推进研究所 一种精确控制Φ3mm不锈钢导管自动氩弧焊成形质量的方法
CN109702382B (zh) * 2018-12-27 2021-04-02 中国原子能科学研究院 一种适合高温条件长时间服役的焊接材料及其焊接方法
KR102146475B1 (ko) * 2019-01-08 2020-08-21 주식회사조흥기계 아이스바 성형용 몰드의 제조방법

Citations (5)

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JPS55109594A (en) * 1979-02-16 1980-08-23 Nippon Steel Corp Filler rod for tig welding
JPS55109595A (en) * 1979-02-16 1980-08-23 Nippon Steel Corp Filler rod for tig welding
JPS61154793A (ja) * 1984-12-27 1986-07-14 Kobe Steel Ltd Ｔｉｇ溶接用溶加材
JPH03258486A (ja) * 1990-03-06 1991-11-18 Nkk Corp 極高真空機器用オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼のｔｉｇ溶接用フラツクス複合ワイヤ
JP2001025865A (ja) * 1999-07-09 2001-01-30 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd 小口径管の溶接方法

Patent Citations (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS55109594A (en) * 1979-02-16 1980-08-23 Nippon Steel Corp Filler rod for tig welding
JPS55109595A (en) * 1979-02-16 1980-08-23 Nippon Steel Corp Filler rod for tig welding
JPS61154793A (ja) * 1984-12-27 1986-07-14 Kobe Steel Ltd Ｔｉｇ溶接用溶加材
JPH03258486A (ja) * 1990-03-06 1991-11-18 Nkk Corp 極高真空機器用オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼のｔｉｇ溶接用フラツクス複合ワイヤ
JP2001025865A (ja) * 1999-07-09 2001-01-30 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd 小口径管の溶接方法

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021179675A1 (zh) * 2020-03-13 2021-09-16 中国电建集团山东电力建设第一工程有限公司 一种高寒地区塔式光热发电熔盐管道焊接工艺
TWI740748B (zh) * 2020-12-15 2021-09-21 國立屏東科技大學 用於銲接異種鋼材的氬弧銲接助銲劑
WO2024095678A1 (ja) * 2022-11-02 2024-05-10 株式会社神戸製鋼所 ソリッドワイヤ及びガスシールドアーク溶接方法

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