WO2011162114A1 - 無線通信装置、無線通信システム、無線通信方法および基地局 - Google Patents
無線通信装置、無線通信システム、無線通信方法および基地局 Download PDFInfo
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- 230000006854 communication Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007175 bidirectional communication Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
- H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
- H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
- H04W74/0833—Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access
- H04W74/0841—Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access with collision treatment
- H04W74/085—Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access with collision treatment collision avoidance
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a wireless communication device, a wireless communication system, a wireless communication method, and a base station.
- 4G Long Term Evolution
- 3GPP Third Generation Partnership Project
- eNodeB macrocell base station
- HeNodeB Home eNodeB
- femtocell base station small mobile phone base station
- RHH remote radio head
- the user terminal synchronizes the frame with the base station based on a synchronization signal transmitted from the base station, and then the oscillator inside the user terminal is connected to the oscillator of the base station with high accuracy. Synchronize.
- each user terminal performs time adjustment according to the distance between the base station and the user terminal, which is called Timing Advance. Do. Specifically, Timing Advance is performed during a random access procedure in which a user terminal transmits a preamble toward a random access window. The Timing Advance value can be obtained from the relationship between the arrival time of the preamble at the base station and the random access window. Such random access is described in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2.
- the communication network is used for direct communication by people such as meters, vending machines, electronic advertisements, etc. in addition to conventional terminals directly used by people such as conventional mobile phones and PCs (Personal Computers). It is also spreading to other terminals.
- MTC such communication that is not directly used by a person
- MTC terminal a terminal that is not directly used by a person
- This MTC is being discussed in 3GPP.
- applications of MTC various applications such as Metering that collects information on water supply systems and power systems, and Health that collects device information for healthcare use are being studied.
- the MTC terminal is a terminal specialized for these applications.
- the MTC terminal has characteristics such as Time Controlled, Online Small Data Transmissions, and the like. For this reason, the MTC terminal may be required to periodically connect to the base station every 30 minutes or every hour, and transmit information to the MTC server via the base station. In this case, when connecting to the base station, the MTC terminal is assumed to perform Timing Advance including transmission of the preamble, similar to the above user terminal.
- the number of MTC terminals accommodated in each cell is expected to be extremely large. For this reason, when a plurality of MTC terminals simultaneously transmit a preamble as an access request at a specific timing, the number of cases where the preamble collides with the base station and the connection with the base station fails.
- a reception unit that receives a radio signal from a base station, a transmission unit that transmits an initial signal for connection to the base station, a random number generation unit that generates a random number
- a wireless communication apparatus comprising: a control unit that controls transmission timing of the initial signal by the transmission unit according to a delay time corresponding to the random number generated by the random number generation unit after synchronization processing based on the wireless signal Is done.
- the radio signal received by the receiving unit may include random number generating data, and the random number generating unit may generate the random number using the random number generating data.
- the radio signal received by the receiving unit includes one or two or more random number generating data, each of the random number generating data is associated with identification information, and the random number generating unit includes:
- the wireless communication device may generate the random number using random number generation data associated with the corresponding identification information.
- the radio signal received by the receiving unit may be a broadcast signal.
- the random number generation data may indicate an upper limit value of the random number generated by the random number generation unit.
- the random number generation data may indicate a lower limit value of the random number generated by the random number generation unit.
- the random number generation data may indicate a lower limit value and an upper limit value of the random number generated by the random number generation unit.
- the random number generation data may indicate the median value and variance of the random numbers generated by the random number generation unit.
- the random number generation data may indicate a random number model for the random number generation unit to generate the random number.
- the random number generation data may be a value specified by the user.
- the wireless communication device may perform the synchronization process at a periodic timing according to an instruction from the base station.
- a base station a reception unit that receives a radio signal from the base station, a transmission unit that transmits an initial signal for connection to the base station, a random number generation unit that generates a random number, and A control unit that controls a transmission timing of the initial signal by the transmission unit according to a delay time corresponding to the random number generated by the random number generation unit after a synchronization process based on a radio signal received from the base station;
- a wireless communication system is provided.
- the random number is generated, and the synchronization process based on the radio signal received from the base station is generated by the random number generation unit.
- a wireless communication method including transmitting an initial signal for connection to the base station according to a delay time corresponding to the random number.
- the base station is a transmission unit that transmits a radio signal to the radio communication device, and is transmitted from the radio communication device according to a delay time corresponding to a random number generated in the radio communication device. And a receiving unit that receives an initial signal for the wireless communication device to connect to the base station.
- the timing of access requests by wireless communication devices such as MTC terminals can be distributed.
- FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration example of a wireless communication system 1.
- FIG. It is explanatory drawing which showed the frame format of 4G. It is the sequence diagram which showed the comparative example of random access. It is explanatory drawing which showed the relationship between time and the amount of cell traffic.
- 3 is a flowchart showing the operation of the MTC terminal 20. It is explanatory drawing which showed the structural example of BCH by 2nd Embodiment.
- a plurality of constituent elements having substantially the same functional configuration may be distinguished by adding different alphabets after the same reference numeral.
- a plurality of configurations having substantially the same functional configuration are distinguished as necessary as MTC terminals 20A, 20B, and 20C.
- MTC terminals 20A, 20B, and 20C are simply referred to as the MTC terminal 20.
- FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration example of the wireless communication system 1.
- the radio communication system 1 includes an eNodeB 10, a core management network including an MME (Mobility Management Entity) 12, an S-GW (Serving Gateway) 14, and a PDN (Packet Data Network) -GW 16, and an MTC.
- the terminal 20 and the MTC server 30 are provided.
- the eNodeB 10 shown in FIG. 1 is an example of a base station
- the MTC terminal 20 is an example of a wireless communication device.
- the wireless communication device may be a user terminal (UE: User Equipment).
- the base station may be, for example, a relay node that relays communication between the eNodeB 10 and the wireless communication device, or Home eNodeB that is a small home base station.
- the eNodeB 10 is a radio base station having a function of a transmission unit that transmits a radio signal to the MTC terminal 20 and a function of a reception unit that receives a radio signal from the MTC terminal 20. Although only one eNodeB 10 is shown in FIG. 1, a large number of eNodeBs are actually connected to the core network. Moreover, although description is abbreviate
- the MME 12 is a device that controls the setting, release, and handover of a data communication session.
- the MME 12 is connected to the eNodeB 10 via an interface called X2.
- the S-GW 14 is a device that performs routing and transfer of user data.
- the PDN-GW 16 functions as a connection point with the IP service network, and transfers user data to and from the IP service network.
- the MTC terminal 20 is a terminal specialized for an application for MTC being studied in 3GPP, and performs radio communication with the eNodeB 10 according to the application. Further, the MTC terminal 20 performs bidirectional communication with the MTC server 30 via the core network. The user executes a predetermined application by accessing the MTC server 30. The user basically does not access the MTC terminal 20 directly.
- the MTC terminal 20 will be described in detail in “1-4. MTC terminal”.
- FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a 4G frame format.
- a 10 ms radio frame is composed of ten 1 ms subframes # 0 to # 9.
- Each subframe of 1 ms is composed of two 0.5 ms slots.
- each 0.5 ms slot is composed of 7 Ofdm symbols.
- a synchronization signal used for frame synchronization by the user terminal is transmitted using the Ofdm symbol shaded in FIG. More specifically, the secondary synchronization signal (SSS) in the fifth Ofdm symbol of subframe # 0, the primary synchronization signal (PSS) in the sixth Ofdm symbol of subframe # 0, the secondary synchronization signal in the fifth Ofdm symbol of subframe # 5, A primary synchronization signal is transmitted in the sixth Ofdm symbol of subframe # 5.
- SSS secondary synchronization signal
- PSS primary synchronization signal
- a primary synchronization signal is transmitted in the sixth Ofdm symbol of subframe # 5.
- the user terminal acquires a 5 ms period using the primary synchronization signal and simultaneously detects a cell number group corresponding to the current location from the three cell number groups. Thereafter, the user terminal acquires a radio frame period (10 ms period) using the secondary synchronization signal.
- a ZadoffChu sequence is used as the code sequence of the synchronization signal. Since 168 types of encoded sequences are used for the cell numbers in the cell number group and two types of encoded sequences are used to obtain a radio frame period, 336 types of encoded sequences are prepared. Based on the combination of the secondary synchronization signal transmitted in subframe # 0 and the secondary synchronization signal transmitted in subframe # 5, the user terminal determines whether the received subframe is subframe # 0 or subframe # 5 Can be judged.
- Timing Advance The 4G user terminal performs time adjustment according to the distance between the eNodeB 10 and the user terminal, called Timing Advance, so that the radio signals transmitted from the plurality of user terminals are simultaneously received by the eNodeB 10. Specifically, Timing Advance is performed during a random access procedure in which a user terminal transmits a preamble toward a random access window. The Timing Advance value can be acquired from the relationship between the arrival time of the preamble to the eNodeB 10 and the random access window. Since the random access window is arranged at a predetermined position in the radio frame, it arrives periodically.
- a general MTC terminal performs Timing Advance similar to that of a user terminal and acquires a Timing Advance value.
- a flow of random access assumed to be performed by the eNodeB 10 and a general MTC terminal will be described as a comparative example with the embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 3 is a sequence diagram showing a comparative example of random access.
- the MTC terminal when receiving the primary synchronization signal and the secondary synchronization signal from the eNodeB 10 (S42), the MTC terminal performs downlink frame synchronization as described in “1-2. Frame synchronization” ( S44).
- the MTC terminal transmits a preamble (an initial signal for connection to the eNodeB 10) toward a random access window in the radio frame (S46).
- a preamble an initial signal for connection to the eNodeB 10
- the MTC terminal sets PREAMBLE_TRANSMISSION_COUNTER indicating the number of preamble transmissions, sets backoff parameter value 0 which is a parameter related to backoff, and transmits the preamble with appropriate power.
- backoff parameters is shown in the table below.
- the eNodeB 10 calculates a Timing Advance value from the relationship between the arrival time of the preamble to the eNodeB 10 and the random access window (S48). Then, the eNodeB 10 transmits a random access response to the MTC terminal (S50).
- This random access response includes, for example, uplink transmission permission data and a Timing Advance value.
- the MTC terminal When receiving the random access response, the MTC terminal adjusts the transmission timing based on the Timing Advance value (S52), and transmits the L2 / L3 message (S54). On the other hand, when the eNodeB 10 transmits a contention resolution message to the MTC terminal (S56), the MTC terminal and the eNodeB 10 are connected.
- random access in which the MTC terminal arbitrarily transmits a preamble is classified as a contention-based type.
- this contention-based type the preambles transmitted by a plurality of MTC terminals may collide.
- a contention-free type there is a random access called a contention-free type in which the preamble transmission timing is instructed in advance by the eNodeB 10.
- the embodiment of the present disclosure is proposed for contention-based random access among these random accesses.
- the MTC terminal 20 is a terminal specialized for an application for MTC which is being studied in 3GPP.
- An example of an application for MTC is shown below.
- the MTC terminal 20 may be an electrocardiogram measuring device corresponding to the above “4. Health”.
- the MTC server 30 requests the report of the electrocardiogram measurement result from the MTC terminal 20, and the measurement result of the electrocardiogram is received from the MTC terminal 20. Reported to the MTC server 30.
- the MTC terminal 20 may be a vending machine corresponding to the above “3. Payment”.
- the MTC server 30 requests the MTC terminal 20 to report the sales status, and the MTC terminal 20 reports the sales status to the MTC server 30.
- MTC terminal 20 The characteristics of such an MTC terminal 20 are shown below. Note that the MTC terminal 20 need not have all the following features.
- the MTC terminal 20 moves less, connects to the eNodeB 10 at a low frequency, performs a small amount of data communication, and returns to the idle mode again. In addition, a certain amount of delay is allowed for data communication.
- the MTC terminal 20 may be required to periodically transmit information. However, if each MTC terminal 20 tries to connect to the eNodeB 10 periodically, such as every 30 minutes or every hour, the problem described below with reference to FIG. 4 occurs.
- FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between time and cell traffic volume.
- the number of MTC terminals 20 accommodated in each cell is expected to be extremely large. For this reason, when each MTC terminal 20 tries to connect to the eNodeB 10 (random access) and transmit information at the same timing, the cell traffic volume locally increases at a specific timing, as shown in FIG. There is concern. In addition, even at the time of recovery from a power failure in the entire area, if random access is simultaneously performed by the respective MTC terminals 20, the amount of cell traffic increases locally.
- the embodiment of the present disclosure has been created with the above circumstances in mind.
- the timing of random access by the MTC terminal 20 can be distributed. As a result, it is possible to suppress random access collisions in the eNodeB 10 and increase the throughput of the entire system.
- the MTC terminal 20 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure will be described in detail.
- FIG. 5 is a functional block diagram showing the configuration of the MTC terminal 20 according to the first embodiment.
- the MTC terminal 20 includes an antenna 216, an antenna duplexer 218, a reception circuit 220, a transmission circuit 222, a signal processing unit 230, and an upper layer 240.
- the antenna 216 receives a radio signal from the eNodeB 10 and converts the radio signal into an electrical reception signal. At the time of reception, since the antenna 216 and the reception circuit 220 are connected via the antenna duplexer 218, the reception signal obtained by the antenna 216 is supplied to the reception circuit 220.
- the antenna 216 and the transmission circuit 222 are connected via the antenna duplexer 218, a transmission signal is supplied from the transmission circuit 222 to the antenna 216.
- the antenna 216 transmits this transmission signal to the eNodeB 10 as a radio signal.
- the MTC terminal 20 may include a plurality of antennas.
- the MTC terminal 20 can perform MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) communication, diversity communication, and the like.
- MIMO Multiple Input Multiple Output
- the reception circuit 220 performs demodulation processing and decoding processing on the reception signal supplied from the antenna 216 and supplies the processed reception data to the signal processing unit 230. As described above, the reception circuit 220 functions as a reception unit in cooperation with the antenna 216.
- the receiving circuit 220 performs a synchronization process based on the received signal. More specifically, when a period or timing is designated by the eNodeB 10, the MTC server 30, or the MTC user, the receiving circuit 220 performs a synchronization process according to the designated period or timing.
- the transmission circuit 222 performs modulation processing of transmission data supplied from the signal processing unit 230 and supplies the processed transmission signal to the antenna 216. As described above, the transmission circuit 222 functions as a transmission unit in cooperation with the antenna 216.
- the signal processing unit 230 includes a reception data processing unit 232, an interface 233, a random number generation unit 234, a transmission timing control unit 236, and a transmission data processing unit 238, as shown in FIG.
- the reception data processing unit 232 analyzes the reception data supplied from the reception circuit 220 and supplies the reception data for the upper layer to the interface 233. On the other hand, the reception data processing unit 232 supplies the random number generation data used for random number generation in the random number generation unit 234 to the random number generation unit 234. Note that the random number generation data may be included in a broadcast signal (BCH) transmitted from the eNodeB 10.
- BCH broadcast signal
- the interface 233 is an interface with the upper layer 240.
- the reception data is output from the interface 233 to the upper layer 240, and the transmission data is input from the upper layer 240 to the interface 233.
- the upper layer 240 is a functional unit record for executing an application corresponding to the MTC terminal 20.
- examples of the application include “Metering” and “Health”.
- the application is “Metering”
- data indicating the amount of water or electricity used is assumed as the transmission data.
- data indicating the current physical condition of the patient is assumed as the transmission data.
- the random number generation unit 234 generates a random number using the random number generation data supplied from the reception data processing unit 232.
- the random number generation data may be data set by the MTC server 30 or data set by the MTC user.
- the random number generation data may be data indicating the upper limit value of the random number generated by the random number generation unit 234.
- the random number generation unit 234 generates random numbers within a range that does not exceed the data for random number generation.
- the random number generation data may be data indicating the lower limit value of the random number generated by the random number generation unit 234.
- the random number generation unit 234 generates random numbers within a range that does not fall below the random number generation data.
- the random number generation data may be data indicating a lower limit value and an upper limit value of the random numbers generated by the random number generation unit 234.
- the random number generation unit 234 generates a random number within the range of the lower limit value and the upper limit value indicated by the random number generation data.
- the random number generation data may be data indicating the median value and variance of random numbers generated by the random number generation unit 234.
- the random number generation unit 234 generates a random number according to the median value and variance indicated by the random number generation data.
- the random number generation data may be data indicating a random number model for the random number generation unit 234 to generate a random number.
- the random number generation unit 234 generates a random number according to the random number model indicated by the random number generation data.
- the random number model various random number models such as a normal distribution random number model and a uniform distribution random number model are conceivable.
- the random number generation data may be data indicating an initial random number for the random number generation unit 234 to generate a random number.
- the random number generation unit 234 generates a random number using the initial random number indicated by the random number generation data.
- the transmission timing control unit 236 controls the preamble transmission timing according to the delay time corresponding to the random number generated by the random number generation unit 234. For example, the delay time may be set to a longer time as the random number generated by the random number generation unit 234 is larger.
- the transmission timing control unit 236 controls the preamble transmission timing according to the delay time after the synchronization processing by the receiving circuit 220. More specifically, the transmission timing control unit 236 may perform control so that the preamble is transmitted in the random access window near the time when the delay time has elapsed after the synchronization processing by the reception circuit 220.
- the transmission data processing unit 238 supplies a preamble to the transmission circuit 222 at a timing controlled by the transmission timing control unit 236 during random access. As a result, the preamble is transmitted from the antenna 216 at a timing controlled by the transmission timing control unit 236. In addition, the transmission data processing unit 238 generates transmission data including data supplied from the interface 233 during data transmission, and supplies the transmission data to the transmission circuit 222.
- a preamble is transmitted according to time. Therefore, even when the plurality of MTC terminals 20 are set to start random access at the same timing, the preamble transmission timings by the plurality of MTC terminals 20 can be distributed. As a result, it is possible to suppress random access collision in the eNodeB 10 and increase the throughput of the entire system.
- FIG. 6 is a sequence diagram showing operations of the MTC terminal 20 and the eNodeB 10. As shown in FIG. 6, when receiving the primary synchronization signal and the secondary synchronization signal from the eNodeB 10 (S304), the MTC terminal 20 performs downlink frame synchronization as described in “1-2. Frame synchronization”. (S308).
- the MTC terminal 20 also receives a BCH (broadcast channel) in S304, thereby obtaining various data.
- Various data includes provisional IDs such as RA-RNTIs (Random access radio network temporary identifiers), TTI window value related to the time when the MTC terminal 20 monitors the response from the eNodeB 10, and data related to power control of preamble transmission, And data for random number generation.
- RA-RNTIs Random access radio network temporary identifiers
- TTI window value related to the time when the MTC terminal 20 monitors the response from the eNodeB 10
- data for random number generation data for random number generation.
- the transmission timing control unit 236 transmits the preamble from the MTC terminal 20 over a delay time corresponding to the generated random number. (S312). Then, the transmission timing control unit 236 controls the transmission data processing unit 238 so that the preamble is transmitted from the MTC terminal 20 in the random access window after the delay time has elapsed (S316).
- the eNodeB 10 calculates the Timing Advance value from the relationship between the arrival time of the preamble to the eNodeB 10 and the random access window (S320).
- the eNodeB 10 transmits a random access response to the MTC terminal 20 (S324).
- the random access response includes, for example, uplink transmission permission data, a BI (Backoff Indicator) indicating the backoff parameter value shown in the above table, and a Timing Advance value.
- BI Backoff Indicator
- the MTC terminal 20 When receiving the random access response, the MTC terminal 20 adjusts the transmission timing based on the Timing Advance value (S328), and transmits the L2 / L3 message (S332). On the other hand, the eNodeB 10 transmits a contention resolution message to the MTC terminal (S336), whereby the MTC terminal 20 and the eNodeB 10 are connected.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the operation of the MTC terminal 20.
- the MTC terminal 20 determines whether or not the timing according to the designated predetermined period has arrived as shown in FIG. 7 ( S410). And when the timing according to a predetermined period comes, the MTC terminal 20 receives a radio signal from eNodeB10 (S420), and the receiving circuit 220 performs a synchronization process (S430).
- the random number generation unit 234 generates a random number using the random number generation data included in the received signal from the eNodeB 10 (S440). Further, the transmission timing control unit 236 determines a delay time according to the random number generated by the random number generation unit 234 (S450). Then, the transmission timing control unit 236 controls the transmission data processing unit 238 so that the preamble is transmitted from the MTC terminal 20 in the random access window after the delay time has elapsed (S460).
- the random number generation unit 234 generates a random number using the random number generation data included in the received signal.
- the allowable delay time and the desired delay time differ depending on the MTC terminal 20.
- an MTC terminal 20 in which an application for transmitting data indicating the amount of water or electricity used is installed and an MTC terminal 20 in which an application for transmitting data indicating the current physical state of a patient is installed are acceptable.
- the delay time is considered to be different.
- the second embodiment of the present disclosure described below is proposed in view of this point.
- the eNodeB 10 transmits data for generating one or more random numbers in association with a group ID (identification information), for example, in BCH.
- a group ID identification information
- BCH group ID
- FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration example of the BCH according to the second embodiment.
- the BCH includes a group ID and random number generation data.
- the group ID and the random number generation data are associated with each other on a one-to-one basis.
- the group ID: X is associated with random number generation data: X
- the group ID: Y is associated with random number generation data: Y.
- the group ID is identification information indicating the group of the MTC terminal 20.
- This group of MTC terminals 20 may be formed for each application installed in the MTC terminal 20, for example.
- the MTC terminals 20 may be grouped by the eNodeB 10, the MTC server 30, or the MTC user, and the group ID may be notified in advance from the eNodeB 10, the MTC server 30, or the MTC user.
- the reception data processing unit 232 receives the random number generation data associated with the group ID corresponding to the MTC terminal 20 among the random number generation data included in the BCH. Extract. Then, the random number generation unit 234 generates a random number using the random number generation data extracted by the reception data processing unit 232. With this configuration, it is possible to control the delay characteristics related to preamble transmission by the MTC terminal 20 according to the group to which the MTC terminal 20 belongs.
- a preamble is transmitted according to time. Therefore, even when the plurality of MTC terminals 20 are set to start random access at the same timing, the preamble transmission timings by the plurality of MTC terminals 20 can be distributed. As a result, it is possible to suppress random access collision in the eNodeB 10 and increase the throughput of the entire system. Further, according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure, it is possible to control delay characteristics related to preamble transmission by the MTC terminal 20 according to the group to which the MTC terminal 20 belongs.
- each step in the processing of the MTC terminal 20 in this specification does not necessarily have to be processed in time series in the order described as a sequence diagram or a flowchart.
- each step in the processing of the MTC terminal 2 may be processed in an order different from the order described as the flowchart, or may be processed in parallel.
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Abstract
Description
1.無線通信システムの概略
1-1.無線通信システムの構成
1-2.フレーム同期
1-3.Timing Advance
1-4.MTC端末
2.第1の実施形態
2-1.MTC端末の構成
2-2.MTC端末の動作
3.第2の実施形態
4.まとめ
現在、3GPPにおいて4Gの無線通信システムの規格化が進められている。本開示の実施形態は、一例としてこの4Gの無線通信システムに適用することができるので、まず、4Gの無線通信システムの概略を説明する。
図1は、無線通信システム1の構成例を示した説明図である。図1に示したように、無線通信システム1は、eNodeB10と、MME(Mobility Management Entity)12、S-GW(Serving Gateway)14、およびPDN(Packet Data Network)-GW16を含むコアネットワークと、MTC端末20と、MTCサーバ30と、を備える。
上記のeNodeB10およびMTC端末20は、詳細については決定されていないが、eNodeB10およびユーザ端末間の通信に準ずる形で無線通信を行うことが予想される。そこで、以下では、eNodeB10およびユーザ端末間で共有される無線フレーム、およびフレーム同期について説明する。以下で説明する内容は、eNodeB10およびMTC端末20間の通信に援用可能である。
4Gのユーザ端末は、複数のユーザ端末から送信された無線信号がeNodeB10で同時に受信されるようにするために、Timing Advanceと呼ばれる、eNodeB10およびユーザ端末間の距離に応じた時間調整を行う。具体的には、Timing Advanceは、ユーザ端末がランダムアクセスウィンドウに向けてプリアンブルを送信するランダムアクセスの手続き中に行われる。上記のプリアンブルのeNodeB10への到達時刻と上記ランダムアクセスウィンドウとの関係からTiming Advance値を取得することが可能である。なお、ランダムアクセスウィンドウは、無線フレーム中の所定位置に配されているので、周期的に到来する。
MTC端末20は、上述したように、3GPPにおいて検討されているMTC用のアプリケーションに特化した端末である。以下に、MTC用のアプリケーションの一例を示す。
2.Trcking&Tracing
3.Payment
4.Health
5.Remote Maintenace/Control
6.Metering
7.Consumer Devices
2.Time Controlled
3.Time Tolerant
4.Packet Switched Only
5.Online Small Data Transmissions
6.Offline Small Data Transmission
7.Mobile Originated Only
8.Infrequent Mobile Terminated
9.MTC Monitoring
10.Offline Indication
11.Jamming Indication
12.Priority Alarm Message
13.Extra Low Power Consumption
14.Secure Connection
15.Location Specific Triger
16.Group based MTC Features
また、上記の「2.Time Controlled」に従い、MTC端末20は周期的な情報の送信が求められる場合も考えられる。しかし、各MTC端末20が30分ごと、または1時間ごとなど、周期的にeNodeB10との接続を試みると、以下に図4を参照して説明する問題が生じる。
[2-1.MTC端末の構成]
まず、図5を参照して、第1の実施形態によるMTC端末20の構成を説明する。
乱数生成用のデータは、乱数生成部234により生成される乱数の上限値を示すデータであってもよい。この場合、乱数生成部234は、乱数生成用のデータを上回らない範囲で乱数を生成する。
乱数生成用のデータは、乱数生成部234により生成される乱数の下限値を示すデータであってもよい。この場合、乱数生成部234は、乱数生成用のデータを下回らない範囲で乱数を生成する。
乱数生成用のデータは、乱数生成部234により生成される乱数の下限値および上限値を示すデータであってもよい。この場合、乱数生成部234は、乱数生成用のデータの示す下限値および上限値の範囲内で乱数を生成する。
乱数生成用のデータは、乱数生成部234により生成される乱数の中央値および分散を示すデータであってもよい。この場合、乱数生成部234は、乱数生成用のデータの示す中央値および分散に従って乱数を生成する。
乱数生成用のデータは、乱数生成部234が乱数を生成するための乱数モデルを示すデータであってもよい。この場合、乱数生成部234は、乱数生成用のデータの示す乱数モデルに従って乱数を生成する。なお、乱数モデルとしては、正規分布の乱数モデルや、一様分布の乱数モデルなど、多様な乱数モデルが考えられる。
乱数生成用のデータは、乱数生成部234が乱数を生成するための初期乱数を示すデータであってもよい。この場合、乱数生成部234は、乱数生成用のデータの示す初期乱数を用いて乱数を生成する。
以上、図5を参照して本開示の実施形態によるMTC端末20の構成を説明した。続いて、図6および図7を参照し、MTC端末20の動作を説明する。
以上、本開示の第1の実施形態を説明した。第1の実施形態においては、乱数生成部234が、受信信号に含まれる乱数生成用のデータを用いて乱数を生成する旨を説明した。しかし、MTC端末20に実装されるアプリケーションは多岐にわたるので、許容される遅延時間や望まれる遅延時間はMTC端末20によって異なる場合が想定される。例えば、水道や電気の使用量を示すデータを送信するアプリケーションが実装されたMTC端末20と、患者の現在の身体状態を示すデータを送信するアプリケーションが実装されたMTC端末20とでは、許容される遅延時間が異なると考えられる。以下に説明する本開示の第2の実施形態は、この点に鑑みて提案されるものである。
以上説明したように、本開示の実施形態によるMTC端末20においては、周期的に受信回路220がランダムアクセスのための同期処理を行った後、乱数生成部234により生成された乱数に応じた遅延時間に従ってプリアンブルが送信される。したがって、複数のMTC端末20が同一タイミングでランダムアクセスを開始するように設定されている場合であっても、複数のMTC端末20によるプリアンブルの送信タイミングを分散させることができる。その結果、eNodeB10におけるランダムアクセスの衝突を抑制し、システム全体におけるスループットの増加を図ることが可能である。また、本開示の第2の実施形態によれば、MTC端末20によるプリアンブル送信に関する遅延特性を、MTC端末20が属するグループに応じて制御することができる。
12 MME
14 S-GW
16 PDN-GW
20 MTC端末
30 MTCサーバ
216 アンテナ
220 受信回路
222 送信回路
230 信号処理部
232 受信データ処理部
233 インタフェース
234 乱数生成部
236 送信タイミング制御部
238 送信データ処理部
240 上位レイヤ
Claims (14)
- 基地局から無線信号を受信する受信部と;
前記基地局に接続するための初期信号を送信する送信部と;
乱数を生成する乱数生成部と;
前記基地局から受信される無線信号に基づく同期処理の後、前記乱数生成部により生成された前記乱数に応じた遅延時間に従って前記送信部による前記初期信号の送信タイミングを制御する制御部と;
を備える、無線通信装置。 - 前記受信部により受信される無線信号は乱数生成用のデータを含み、
前記乱数生成部は、前記乱数生成用のデータを用いて前記乱数を生成する、請求項1に記載の無線通信装置。 - 前記受信部により受信される無線信号に、1または2以上の前記乱数生成用のデータを含み、前記乱数生成用のデータの各々には識別情報が対応付けられており、
前記乱数生成部は、前記無線通信装置が該当する識別情報に対応付けられている乱数生成用のデータを用いて前記乱数を生成する、請求項2に記載の無線通信装置。 - 前記受信部により受信される無線信号はブロードキャスト信号である、請求項3に記載の無線通信装置。
- 前記乱数生成用のデータは、前記乱数生成部により生成される前記乱数の上限値を示す、請求項4に記載の無線通信装置。
- 前記乱数生成用のデータは、前記乱数生成部により生成される前記乱数の下限値を示す、請求項4に記載の無線通信装置。
- 前記乱数生成用のデータは、前記乱数生成部により生成される前記乱数の下限値および上限値を示す、請求項4に記載の無線通信装置。
- 前記乱数生成用のデータは、前記乱数生成部により生成される前記乱数の中央値および分散を示す、請求項4に記載の無線通信装置。
- 前記乱数生成用のデータは、前記乱数生成部が前記乱数を生成するための乱数モデルを示す、請求項4に記載の無線通信装置。
- 前記乱数生成用のデータは、ユーザにより指定された値である、請求項4に記載の無線通信装置。
- 前記無線通信装置は、前記基地局からの指示に従う周期的なタイミングで前記同期処理を行う、請求項1に記載の無線通信装置。
- 基地局と;
前記基地局から無線信号を受信する受信部、
前記基地局に接続するための初期信号を送信する送信部、
乱数を生成する乱数生成部、および、
前記基地局から受信される無線信号に基づく同期処理の後、前記乱数生成部により生成された前記乱数に応じた遅延時間に従って前記送信部による前記初期信号の送信タイミングを制御する制御部、
を有する無線通信装置と;
を備える、無線通信システム。 - 基地局から無線信号を受信することと;
乱数を生成することと;
前記基地局から受信される無線信号に基づく同期処理の後、前記乱数生成部により生成された前記乱数に応じた遅延時間に従い、前記基地局に接続するための初期信号を送信することと;
を含む、無線通信方法。 - 基地局であって、
無線通信装置に無線信号を送信する送信部と;
前記無線通信装置から、前記無線通信装置において生成された乱数に応じた遅延時間に従って送信される、前記無線通信装置が前記基地局に接続するための初期信号を受信する受信部と;
を備える、基地局。
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US13/696,667 US9591672B2 (en) | 2010-06-23 | 2011-06-13 | Wireless communication device, wireless communication system, wireless communication method, and base station |
KR1020127031943A KR20130088026A (ko) | 2010-06-23 | 2011-06-13 | 무선 통신 장치, 무선 통신 시스템, 무선 통신 방법 및 기지국 |
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CN108616343B (zh) * | 2017-01-23 | 2020-10-02 | 上海朗帛通信技术有限公司 | 一种用于无线通信中的ue、基站中的方法和装置 |
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CN102972083A (zh) | 2013-03-13 |
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