WO2011157051A1 - 多级发动机制动控制装置和控制方法 - Google Patents

多级发动机制动控制装置和控制方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011157051A1
WO2011157051A1 PCT/CN2011/000767 CN2011000767W WO2011157051A1 WO 2011157051 A1 WO2011157051 A1 WO 2011157051A1 CN 2011000767 W CN2011000767 W CN 2011000767W WO 2011157051 A1 WO2011157051 A1 WO 2011157051A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
engine
brake
cylinder
engine brake
radial
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2011/000767
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨洲
柯恩九
奚勇
Original Assignee
上海尤顺汽车部件有限公司
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Application filed by 上海尤顺汽车部件有限公司 filed Critical 上海尤顺汽车部件有限公司
Publication of WO2011157051A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011157051A1/zh

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01LCYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/06Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for braking
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01LCYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L2810/00Arrangements solving specific problems in relation with valve gears
    • F01L2810/02Lubrication

Definitions

  • Multi-stage engine brake control device and control method . . .
  • the present invention relates to the field of automobiles, and more particularly to a brake device for an automobile engine, and more particularly to a multi-stage engine brake control device and control method.
  • the exhaust and heat dissipation system of the engine is dissipated.
  • the end result is effective engine braking that slows down the speed of the vehicle.
  • Overhead Engine Brakes typically have two to three brake boxes for attachment to the engine.
  • the integrated engine brake is an integral part or integrated part of the engine.
  • the integrated rocker brake is an integrated engine brake mechanism in the existing exhaust rocker arm.
  • Both top-mounted engine brakes and integrated engine brakes use more than two brake controls, with more than two brake boxes or two rocker shafts, for multi-cylinder (typically six-cylinder) engines.
  • the engine supplies oil to control the operation of the engine brakes.
  • the integrated engine brakes of the prior art all use two rocker shafts. There are two axial oil holes in each rocker shaft, one is a conventional oil hole (the oil hole is not shown in the drawing of the present application), and the second is an added brake oil hole.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a multi-stage engine brake control device, which is capable of solving the prior art, using two rocker arm axial brake devices to supply lubricating oil and brake
  • the multi-stage engine brake control apparatus of the present invention includes an engine rocker shaft, at least one engine brake control valve, and a multi-cylinder engine brake mechanism, wherein at least one of the engine rocker shafts is disposed An axial brake oil hole and at least one radial brake oil hole, wherein any one of the radial brake oil holes communicates with one of the axial brake oil holes, the radial brake oil hole Connected to the multi-cylinder engine brake mechanism, any one of the axial brake oil holes is in communication with the engine brake control valve.
  • the multi-cylinder engine brake mechanism is a six-cylinder engine brake mechanism, the number of the engine brake control valves is one, and an axial brake oil hole is disposed in the engine rocker arm shaft. And six radial brake oil holes, each of which is in communication with an engine brake mechanism of a cylinder, the axial brake oil hole and the engine system Further, the multi-cylinder engine brake mechanism is a six-cylinder engine brake mechanism, the number of the engine brake control valves is two, and the engine rocker arm shaft is provided with two axial brakes.
  • An oil hole and six radial brake oil holes each of which is in communication with an engine brake mechanism of a cylinder, wherein the two axial brake oil holes
  • An axial brake oil hole is connected to an engine brake control valve and communicates with the three-cylinder engine brake mechanism through three radial brake oil holes, and another axial brake oil hole and another engine brake control The valve is connected, and the other three Also in communication with the brake mechanism to the brake cylinder engine hole.
  • the present invention also provides a method of controlling multi-stage engine braking using the multi-stage engine brake control device described above, wherein the control method is composed of the following steps: a) when the engine requires low-speed braking, One of the two engine brake control valves generates a three-cylinder brake in a six-cylinder engine brake mechanism; b) when the engine requires high-grade brake, simultaneously opens the two engine brake control valves , produces all six cylinder brakes in the six-cylinder engine brake mechanism.
  • the multi-cylinder engine brake mechanism is a six-cylinder engine brake mechanism, the number of the engine brake control valves is two, and the engine rocker arm shaft is provided with two axial brakes. Oil hole and six radial brake oil holes, any of the radial brake oil holes described above
  • the engine brake mechanism of one cylinder is in communication, and one of the two axial brake oil holes is in communication with an engine brake control valve and passes through two radial brake oil holes. It is connected to the two-cylinder engine brake mechanism in the six-cylinder engine brake mechanism, and the other axial brake oil hole is connected to the other engine brake control valve, and through the other four radial brake oil holes and the other four cylinders.
  • the engine brake mechanism is connected.
  • the present invention also provides a method of controlling multi-stage engine braking using the multi-stage engine brake control device described above, the control method comprising the following steps: a) when the engine requires low-speed braking, only the said The first engine brake control valve generates a two-cylinder brake in a six-cylinder engine brake mechanism; b) when the engine requires a mid-range brake, only the second engine brake control valve is opened to generate a six-cylinder Four-cylinder brake in the engine brake mechanism; c) When the engine requires high-grade brake, the two engine brake control valves are simultaneously opened to generate all six-cylinder brakes in the six-cylinder engine brake mechanism.
  • the multi-cylinder engine brake mechanism is a six-cylinder engine brake mechanism, the number of the engine brake control valves is three, and three axial brake oils are disposed in the engine rocker shaft.
  • a hole and six radial brake oil holes any one of said radial brake oil holes communicating with said engine brake mechanism of said one cylinder, said first said axial brake oil hole and said first
  • the engine brake control valve is in communication and communicates with the engine brake mechanism of a cylinder through the first radial brake oil hole, and the second axial brake oil hole and the first Two of the engine brake control valves are in communication and communicate with the other three cylinders of the engine brake mechanism through three other said radial brake oil holes, the third said axial brake oil
  • the bore is in communication with the third described engine brake control valve and is in communication with the remaining two cylinder engine brake mechanisms via the remaining two of said radial brake oil ports.
  • the present invention also provides a method of controlling multi-stage engine braking using the multi-stage engine brake control device described above, the control method consisting of the following steps: a) when the engine requires single-cylinder braking, only the said The first engine brake control valve produces a one-cylinder brake in a six-cylinder engine brake mechanism; b) when the engine requires a two-cylinder brake, only the third engine system described above a dynamic control valve that generates a two-cylinder brake in a six-cylinder engine brake mechanism; C) when the engine requires a three-cylinder brake, only opens the second engine brake control valve to generate a six-cylinder engine brake mechanism Medium three-cylinder brake; d) when the engine requires four-cylinder braking, simultaneously opening the first and second engine brake control valves to generate a four-cylinder brake in the six-cylinder engine brake mechanism; When the engine requires five-cylinder braking, the second and third engine brake control valves are simultaneously opened to generate a five-cylinder brake in the six-cylinder engine brake mechanism; f) when the engine requires a complete machine At the same time
  • the effect of the present invention is positive and significant compared to the prior art.
  • the invention only uses one rocker arm shaft, which simplifies the design and installation, reduces the cost, can reduce the engine brake control valve or increase the engine brake control level, and improves the working efficiency and reliability of the brake device.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic illustration of a first embodiment of a multi-stage engine brake control apparatus of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a second embodiment of the multi-stage engine brake control device of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic illustration of a third embodiment of the multi-stage engine brake control apparatus of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a fourth embodiment of the multi-stage engine brake control device of the present invention.
  • the multi-stage engine brake control device of the present invention comprises an engine rocker shaft 210, an engine brake control valve 3 and a six-cylinder engine brake mechanism 41, 42, 43 , 44, 45 and 46 (The actual number of cylinders can be different).
  • a fluid passage is provided in the rocker shaft 210, including an axial brake oil hole 205, and the plugs 201 and 202 are sealed at both ends.
  • One side of the axial brake oil hole 205 communicates with the engine brake control valve 3 through the oil hole 211, and the other side has radial brake oil to the engine brake mechanisms 41, 42, 43, 44, 45 and 46.
  • the holes 2121, 2122, 2123, 2124, 2125 and 2126 are in communication.
  • the lubricating oil holes are not shown in the drawings of the present application, including the axial lubricating oil holes in the rocker shaft.
  • the working process of this embodiment is: when the engine is required to switch from the normal working state to the engine braking state, the engine brake control is wide open, and the oil passes through the fluid passage in the rocker shaft 210, including the lower oil hole 211.
  • the multi-stage engine brake control apparatus of the present invention includes an engine rocker shaft 210, two engine brake control valves 31 and 32, and a six-cylinder engine brake mechanism 41, 42, 43, 44 , 45 and 46 (the actual number of cylinders can be different).
  • a fluid passage is provided in the rocker shaft 210, which includes two axial brake oil holes 2051 and 2052.
  • a spacer or pin 2021 is added between the third and fourth cylinders 43 and 44 to separate the brake oil holes 2051 and 2052.
  • the two brake oil holes 2051 and 2052 can also be obtained by drilling blind holes (not drilled) from the two ends of the rocker shaft 210.
  • One side of the first axial brake oil hole 2051 communicates with the first engine brake control valve 31 through the oil hole 2111, and the other side passes the path of the engine brake mechanisms 41, 42 and 43 that pass the forward three cylinders. It is connected to the brake oil holes 2121, 2122 and 2123.
  • One side of the second axial brake oil hole 2052 communicates with the second engine brake control valve 32 through the oil hole 21 12 and the other side with the engine brake mechanisms 44, 45 and 46 of the rear three cylinders.
  • Radial brake oil holes 2124, 2125 and 2126 are in communication.
  • the multi-stage engine brake control method using the present embodiment is: when the engine only needs low-speed braking, the first engine brake control valve 31 is opened for oil supply, and the oil passes through the fluid passage in the rocker shaft 210, including Side oil hole 21 1 1, first axial brake oil hole 2051, radial brake oil holes 2121, 2122 and 2123, supply oil to the three-cylinder engine brake mechanisms 41, 42 and 43 to produce a six-cylinder engine system Three-cylinder brake in the moving mechanism; When the engine requires high-grade braking, the first and second engine brake control valves 31 and 32 are simultaneously opened to generate all six cylinders in the six-cylinder engine brake mechanism (41, 42 , 43, 44, 45 and 46) Brake.
  • the engine's low-range brake can also use the second engine brake control valve 32 to brake the three-cylinder engine through the second axial brake oil hole 2052, the radial brake oil holes 2124, 2125 and 2126.
  • the mechanisms 44, 45 and 46 supply oil and produce a three-cylinder brake in a six-cylinder engine brake mechanism.
  • the structural difference between this embodiment and the embodiment 2 is that the spacer or the plug 2021 is moved from between the third and fourth cylinders 43 and 44 (FIG. 2) to the second and third cylinders 42.
  • the first axial brake oil hole 2051 communicates with the radial brake oil holes 2121 and 2122 of the engine brake mechanisms 41 and 42 of the forward two cylinders;
  • the axial brake oil hole 2052 communicates with the radial brake oil holes 2123, 2124, 2125 and 2126 leading to the remaining four cylinder engine brake mechanisms 43, 44, 45 and 46.
  • the multi-stage engine brake control method using the present embodiment is: when the engine only needs low-speed braking, the first engine brake control valve 31 is opened for oil supply, and the oil passes through the fluid passage in the rocker shaft 210, including The side oil hole 2111, the first axial brake oil hole 2051, the radial brake oil holes 2121 and 2122, supply oil to the two-cylinder engine brake mechanisms 41 and 42, and generate two cylinders in the six-cylinder engine brake mechanism Braking;
  • the second engine brake control valve 32 is opened for oil supply, and the oil passes through the fluid passage in the rocker shaft 210, including the lower oil hole 2112, and the second axial brake oil a hole 2052, radial brake oil holes 2123, 2124, 2125 and 2126, supplying oil to the remaining four-cylinder engine brake mechanisms 43, 44, 45 and 46, producing a four-cylinder brake in a six-cylinder engine brake mechanism;
  • the first and second engine brake control valves 31 and 32 are simultaneously
  • the multi-stage engine brake control apparatus of the present invention includes an engine rocker shaft 210, three engine brake control valves 31, 32 and 33, and a six-cylinder engine brake mechanism 41, 42, 43, 44, 45 and 46 (the actual number of cylinders can be different).
  • Rocker shaft 210 is built in A fluid passage is provided which includes three axial brake oil holes 2051, 2052 and 2053.
  • a spacer or pin 2021 is added between the third and fourth cylinders 43 and 44, and an increase between the first and second cylinders 41 and 42 is added.
  • a spacer or pin 2022 is added between the third and fourth cylinders 43 and 44, and an increase between the first and second cylinders 41 and 42.
  • One side of the first axial brake oil hole 2051 communicates with the first engine brake control 31 through the oil hole 21 11 and the radial brake of the other side with the engine brake mechanism 41 leading to the first cylinder
  • the oil holes 2121 are in communication.
  • One side of the second axial brake oil hole 2052 communicates with the second engine brake control valve 32 through the oil hole 2112, and the other side has the diameter of the engine brake mechanisms 44, 45 and 46 leading to the rear three cylinders. It is connected to the brake oil holes 2124, 2125 and 2126.
  • One side of the third axial brake oil hole 2053 communicates with the third engine brake control valve 33 through the oil hole 2113, and the other side is radial with the engine brake mechanisms 42 and 43 leading to the remaining two cylinders.
  • the oil holes 2122 and 2123 are in communication.
  • the multi-stage engine brake control method using the present embodiment is: when the engine only needs one cylinder (lowest gear) braking, the first engine brake control valve 31 is opened for oil supply, and the oil passes through the rocker shaft 210.
  • the fluid passage includes a lower oil hole 2111, a first axial brake oil hole 2051, and a radial brake oil hole 2121, and supplies oil to the one-cylinder engine brake mechanism 41 to generate one of the six-cylinder engine brake mechanisms.
  • Cylinder brake when the engine requires two-cylinder braking, the third engine brake control valve 33 is opened for oil supply, and the oil passes through the fluid passage in the rocker shaft 210, including the lower oil hole 21 13, the third axial direction Brake oil hole 2053, radial brake oil holes 2122 and 2123, supply oil to two-cylinder engine brake mechanisms 42 and 43 to generate two-cylinder brake in a six-cylinder engine brake mechanism; when the engine requires three-cylinder brake
  • the second engine brake control valve 32 is opened for oil supply, the oil passes through the fluid passage in the rocker shaft 210, including the lower oil hole 2112, the second axial brake oil hole 2052, and the radial brake oil hole.
  • the multi-cylinder engine brake mechanism may be a N (N 2, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, etc.) cylinder engine brake mechanism.
  • the order of the multi-cylinder engine brake mechanisms may be different. Therefore, the scope of the invention should not be determined by the specific examples described above, but by the appended claims and their legal equivalents. .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)

Description

多级发动机制动控制装置和控制方法. . .
技术领域
本发明涉及汽车领域, 尤其涉及汽车发动机的制动装置, 特别是一种 多级发动机制动控制装置和控制方法。
背景技术 说
利用内燃机制动的方法为人共知, 只需将发动机暂时转换为压缩机, 转换过程中切断燃油, 在发动机活塞压缩冲程结束时或接近结束时打开排 气阔, 允许被压缩气体 (制动时为空气) 释放, 发动机在压缩冲程中压缩 气体所吸收的能量, 不能在随后的膨胀冲程返回到发动机活塞, 而是通过 书
发动机的排气及散热系统散发掉。 最终的结果是有效的发动机制动, 减缓 车辆的速度。
现有技术中, 发动机制动器有顶置式和集成式两大类。 顶置式发动机 制动器一般带有两到三个制动箱, 作为安装在发动机上的附件。 集成式发 动机制动器为发动机的一个组成部分或集成件。 比如集成式摇臂制动器, 就是在现有的排气摇臂内集成发动机制动机构。 无论是顶置式发动机制动 器, 还是集成式发动机制动器, 都使用两个以上的制动控制阔, 通过两个 以上的制动箱或两根摇臂轴, 向多缸(一般为六缸)发动机制动机构供油, 控制发动机制动器的运作。 已有技术中的集成式发动机制动器, 全都采用 两根摇臂轴。 每根摇臂轴内有两种轴向油孔, 一种是常规的润滑油孔 (本 申请的附图中未显示润滑油孔), 第二种是增加的制动油孔。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种多级发动机制动控制装置, 所述的这种多 级发动机制动控制装置要解决现有技术中采用两根摇臂轴向制动装置供给 润滑油和制动用油而导致的堵头多、 漏油大、 安装复杂和发动机制动控制 级别少的技术问题。 本发明的这种多级发动机制动控制装置, 包括一根发动机摇臂轴、 至 少一个发动机制动控制阀和多缸发动机制动机构, 其中, 所述的发动机摇 臂轴内设置有至少一个轴向制动油孔和至少一个径向制动油孔, 任意一个 所述的径向制动油孔均与一个所述的轴向制动油孔连通, 所述的径向制动 油孔与所述的多缸发动机制动机构连接, 任意一个轴向制动油孔均与所述 的发动机制动控制阀连通。
进一步的, 所述的多缸发动机制动机构是六缸发动机制动机构, 所述 的发动机制动控制阀的数目是一个, 所述的发动机摇臂轴中设置有一个轴 向制动油孔和六个径向制动油孔, 任意一个所述的径向制动油孔均各自与 一缸所述的发动机制动机构连通, 所述的轴向制动油孔与所述的发动机制 进一步的, 所述的多缸发动机制动机构是六缸发动机制动机构, 所述 的发动机制动控制阀的数目是两个, 所述的发动机摇臂轴中设置有两个轴 向制动油孔和六个径向制动油孔, 任意一个所述的径向制动油孔均各自与 一缸所述的发动机制动机构连通, 所述的两个轴向制动油孔中的一个轴向 制动油孔与一个发动机制动控制阀连通, 并通过三个径向制动油孔与三缸 发动机制动机构连通, 另一个轴向制动油孔与另一个发动机制动控制阀连 通, 并通过另外三个径向制动油孔与另外三缸发动机制动机构连通。
本发明还提供了利用上述多级发动机制动控制装置来控制多级发动机 制动的方法,其中, 所述的控制方法由下述步骤组成: a ) 当发动机需要低 档制动时, 只幵通所述的两个发动机制动控制阀中的一个, 产生六缸发动 机制动机构中的三缸制动; b )当发动机需要高档制动时, 同时开通所述的 两个发动机制动控制阀, 产生六缸发动机制动机构中的所有六缸制动。
进一步的, 所述的多缸发动机制动机构是六缸发动机制动机构, 所述 的发动机制动控制阀的数目是两个, 所述的发动机摇臂轴中设置有两个轴 向制动油孔和六个径向制动油孔, 任意一个所述的径向制动油孔均各自与 一缸所述的发动机制动机构连通, 所述的两个轴向制动油孔中的一个轴向 制动油孔与一个发动机制动控制阀连通, 并通过两个径向制动油孔与六缸 发动机制动机构中的两缸发动机制动机构连通, 另一个轴向制动油孔与另 一个发动机制动控制阀连通, 并通过另外四个径向制动油孔与另外四缸发 动机制动机构连通。
本发明还提供了利用上述多级发动机制动控制装置来控制多级发动机 制动的方法, 所述的控制方法由下述步骤组成: a)当发动机需要低档制动 时, 只开通所述的第一个发动机制动控制阀, 产生六缸发动机制动机构中 的两缸制动; b)当发动机需要中档制动时, 只开通所述的第二个发动机制 动控制阀, 产生六缸发动机制动机构中的四缸制动; c)当发动机需要高档 制动时, 同时开通所述的两个发动机制动控制阀, 产生六缸发动机制动机 构中的所有六缸制动。
进一步的, 所述的多缸发动机制动机构是六缸发动机制动机构, 所述 的发动机制动控制阀的数目是三个, 所述的发动机摇臂轴中设置有三个轴 向制动油孔和六个径向制动油孔, 任意一个所述的径向制动油孔与一缸所 述的发动机制动机构连通, 第一个所述的轴向制动油孔与第一个所述的发 动机制动控制阀连通, 并通过第一个所述的径向制动油孔与一缸所述的发 动机制动机构连通, 第二个所述的轴向制动油孔与第二个所述的发动机制 动控制阀连通, 并通过另外三个所述的径向制动油孔与另外三缸所述的发 动机制动机构连通, 第三个所述的轴向制动油孔与第三个所述的发动机制 动控制阀连通, 并通过其余两个所述的径向制动油孔与其余两缸发动机制 动机构连通。
本发明还提供了利用上述多级发动机制动控制装置来控制多级发动机 制动的方法,所述的控制方法由下述步骤组成: a ) 当发动机需要单缸制动 时, 只开通所述的第一个发动机制动控制阀, 产生六缸发动机制动机构中 的一缸制动; b )当发动机需要双缸制动时, 只幵通所述的第三个发动机制 动控制阀, 产生六缸发动机制动机构中的两缸制动; C )当发动机需要三缸 制动时, 只开通所述的第二个发动机制动控制阀, 产生六缸发动机制动机 构中的三缸制动; d )当发动机需要四缸制动时, 同时开通所述的第一和第 二个发动机制动控制阀, 产生六缸发动机制动机构中的四缸制动; e )当发 动机需要五缸制动时, 同时开通所述的第二和第三个发动机制动控制阀, 产生六缸发动机制动机构中的五缸制动; f ) 当发动机需要整机全制动时, 同时开通所述的三个发动机制动控制阀, 产生六缸发动机制动机构中的所 有六缸制动。
本发明和已有技术相比较, 其效果是积极和明显的。 本发明仅采用一 根摇臂轴, 简化了设计和安装, 降低了成本, 可以减少发动机制动控制阀 或增加发动机制动控制级别, 提高制动装置工作效率和可靠性。
附图说明:
图 1是本发明的多级发动机制动控制装置的第一实施例的示意图。
图 2是本发明的多级发动机制动控制装置的第二实施例的示意图。
图 3是本发明的多级发动机制动控制装置的第三实施例的示意图。
图 4是本发明的多级发动机制动控制装置的第四实施例的示意图。
具体实施方式
实施例 1:
如图 1所示, 本发明的多级发动机制动控制装置, 包括一根发动机摇 臂轴 210、 一个发动机制动控制阀 3和六缸发动机制动机构 41, 42, 43 , 44, 45和 46 (实际应用中可以是不同的缸数)。 摇臂轴 210内设置有流体 通道, 其中包括一个轴向制动油孔 205, 两头有堵头 201和 202密封。 轴 向制动油孔 205的一侧通过油孔 211与发动机制动控制阀 3连通, 另一侧 与通向发动机制动机构 41, 42, 43, 44, 45和 46的径向制动油孔 2121, 2122, 2123, 2124, 2125和 2126连通。 为了简单明了, 本申请的附图中 未显示润滑油孔, 包括摇臂轴内的轴向润滑油孔等。 本实施例的工作过程是: 当需要发动机从正常工作状态转换至发动机 制动状态时, 发动机制动控制阔 3开通供油, 机油通过摇臂轴 210内的流 体通道,包括下侧油孔 211,轴向制动油孔 205,径向制动油孔 2121 , 2122 , 2123 , 2124, 2125和 2126, 向发动机制动机构 41, 42 , 43 , 44, 45和 46 供油。 所以, 本实施例是采用一个发动机制动控制阀 3, 同时向六缸发动 机制动机构供油的单级发动机制动控制。
实施例 2:
如图 2所示, 本发明的多级发动机制动控制装置, 包括一根发动机摇 臂轴 210、两个发动机制动控制阀 31与 32和六缸发动机制动机构 41, 42, 43, 44, 45和 46 (实际应用中可以是不同的缸数)。 摇臂轴 210内设置有 流体通道, 其中包括两个轴向制动油孔 2051和 2052。 摇臂轴的两头除了 有堵头 201和 202之外, 中间还在第三和第四缸 43和 44之间增加了隔块 或插销 2021, 将制动油孔 2051和 2052隔开。 两个制动油孔 2051和 2052 也可以通过从摇臂轴 210的两头向中间钻盲孔 (不钻通) 得到。 第一个轴 向制动油孔 2051的一侧通过油孔 2111与第一个发动机制动控制阀 31连 通, 另一侧与通向前三缸的发动机制动机构 41, 42和 43的径向制动油孔 2121 , 2122和 2123连通。第二个轴向制动油孔 2052的一侧通过油孔 21 12 与第二个发动机制动控制阀 32连通,另一侧与通向后三缸的发动机制动机 构 44, 45和 46的径向制动油孔 2124, 2125和 2126连通。
采用本实施例的多级发动机制动控制方法过程是: 当发动机只需要低 档制动时, 第一个发动机制动控制阀 31开通供油, 机油通过摇臂轴 210 内的流体通道, 包括下侧油孔 21 1 1, 第一个轴向制动油孔 2051, 径向制动 油孔 2121, 2122和 2123, 向三缸发动机制动机构 41, 42和 43供油, 产 生六缸发动机制动机构中的三缸制动; 当发动机需要高档制动时, 第一和 第二个发动机制动控制阀 31和 32同时开通, 产生六缸发动机制动机构中 的所有六缸 (41, 42 , 43, 44, 45和 46 ) 制动。 当然, 发动机的低档制动也可以采用第二个发动机制动控制阀 32, 通 过第二个轴向制动油孔 2052、 径向制动油孔 2124, 2125和 2126, 向三缸 发动机制动机构 44, 45和 46供油, 产生六缸发动机制动机构中的三缸制 动。
实施例 3 :
如图 3所示, 本实施例与实施例 2在结构上的区别是将隔块或插销 2021从第三和第四缸 43和 44之间 (图 2 ) 移到了第二和第三缸 42和 43 之间 (图 3 ) ,这样, 第一个轴向制动油孔 2051与通向前二缸的发动机制 动机构 41和 42的径向制动油孔 2121和 2122连通; 第二个轴向制动油孔 2052与通向其余四缸的发动机制动机构 43, 44, 45和 46的径向制动油孔 2123 , 2124, 2125和 2126连通。
采用本实施例的多级发动机制动控制方法过程是: 当发动机只需要低 档制动时, 第一个发动机制动控制阀 31开通供油, 机油通过摇臂轴 210 内的流体通道, 包括下侧油孔 2111, 第一个轴向制动油孔 2051, 径向制动 油孔 2121和 2122, 向两缸发动机制动机构 41和 42供油, 产生六缸发动 机制动机构中的两缸制动; 当发动机需要中档制动时, 第二个发动机制动 控制阀 32开通供油, 机油通过摇臂轴 210内的流体通道, 包括下侧油孔 2112,第二个轴向制动油孔 2052,径向制动油孔 2123, 2124, 2125和 2126, 向其余四缸发动机制动机构 43, 44, 45和 46供油, 产生六缸发动机制动 机构中的四缸制动; 当发动机需要高档制动时, 第一和第二个发动机制动 控制阀 31和 32同时幵通, 产生六缸发动机制动机构中的所有六缸 (41, 42, 43, 44, 45和 46 ) 制动。
实施例 4 :
如图 4所示, 本发明的多级发动机制动控制装置包括一根发动机摇臂 轴 210、 三个发动机制动控制阀 31, 32与 33和六缸发动机制动机构 41, 42, 43, 44, 45和 46 (实际应用中可以是不同的缸数)。 摇臂轴 210内设 置有流体通道, 其中包括三个轴向制动油孔 2051, 2052和 2053。 摇臂轴 的两头除了有堵头 201和 202之外, 中间还在第三和第四缸 43和 44之间 增加了隔块或插销 2021, 第一和第二缸 41和 42之间增加了隔块或插销 2022。 第一个轴向制动油孔 2051的一侧通过油孔 21 11与第一个发动机制 动控制阔 31连通, 另一侧与通向第一缸的发动机制动机构 41的径向制动 油孔 2121连通。第二个轴向制动油孔 2052的一侧通过油孔 2112与第二个 发动机制动控制阀 32连通, 另一侧与通向后三缸的发动机制动机构 44, 45和 46的径向制动油孔 2124, 2125和 2126连通。 第三个轴向制动油孔 2053的一侧通过油孔 2113与第三个发动机制动控制阀 33连通, 另一侧与 通向其余两缸的发动机制动机构 42和 43的径向制动油孔 2122和 2123连 通。
采用本实施例的多级发动机制动控制方法过程是: 当发动机只需要一 缸 (最低档)制动时, 第一个发动机制动控制阀 31开通供油, 机油通过摇 臂轴 210内的流体通道, 包括下侧油孔 2111, 第一个轴向制动油孔 2051, 径向制动油孔 2121, 向一缸发动机制动机构 41供油, 产生六缸发动机制 动机构中的一缸制动; 当发动机需要两缸制动时, 第三个发动机制动控制 阀 33开通供油, 机油通过摇臂轴 210内的流体通道, 包括下侧油孔 21 13, 第三个轴向制动油孔 2053, 径向制动油孔 2122和 2123, 向两缸发动机制 动机构 42和 43供油, 产生六缸发动机制动机构中的两缸制动; 当发动机 需要三缸制动时,第二个发动机制动控制阀 32开通供油,机油通过摇臂轴 210内的流体通道, 包括下侧油孔 2112, 第二个轴向制动油孔 2052, 径向 制动油孔 2123, 2124, 2125和 2126, 向三缸发动机制动机构 44, 45和 46 供油,产生六缸发动机制动机构中的三缸制动; 当发动机需要四缸制动时, 第一和第二个发动机制动控制阀 31和 32同时开通, 向四缸发动机制动机 构 41, 44, 45和 46供油, 产生六缸发动机制动机构中的四缸制动; 当发 动机需要五缸制动时,第二和第三个发动机制动控制阀 32和 33同时开通, 向五缸发动机制动机构 42, 43, 44, 45和 46供油, 产生六缸发动机制动 机构中的五缸制动; 当发动机需要六缸 (最高档) 制动时, 第一、 第二和 第三个发动机制动控制阔 31, 32和 33同时开通, 向六缸发动机制动机构 41, 42, 43, 44, . 45和 46供油, 产生六缸发动机制动机构中的所有六缸 制动。
上述说明包含了很多具体的实施方式, 这不应该被视为对本发明范围 的限制, 而是作为代表本发明的一些具体例证, 许多其他演变都有可能从 中产生。.比如,所述的多缸发动机制动机构可以是 N (N二 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 等等) 缸发动机制动机构。 此外, 所述的多缸发动机制动机构的顺序可以 是不同的。 因此, 本发明的范围不应由上述的具体例证来决定, 而是由所 附属的权力要求及其法律相当的权力来决定。 .

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种多级发动机制动控制装置, 包括一根发动机摇臂轴、 至少一个发动 机制动控制阀和多缸发动机制动机构, 其特征在于: 所述的发动机摇臂 轴内设置有至少一个轴向制动油孔和至少一个径向制动油孔,任意一个 所述的径向制动油孔均与一个所述的轴向制动油孔连通,所述的径向制 动油孔与所述的多缸发动机制动机构连接,任意一个轴向制动油孔均与 所述的发动机制动控制阀连通。
2. 如权利要求 1所述的多级发动机制动控制装置, 其特征在于: 所述的多 缸发动机制动机构是六缸发动机制动机构,所述的发动机制动控制阀的 数目是一个,所述的发动机摇臂轴中设置有一个轴向制动油孔和六个径 向制动油孔,任意一个所述的径向制动油孔均各自与一缸所述的发动机 制动机构连通, 所述的轴向制动油孔与所述的发动机制动控制阀连通。
3. 如权利要求 1所述的多级发动机制动控制装置, 其特征在于: 所述的多 缸发动机制动机构是六缸发动机制动机构,所述的发动机制动控制阀的 数目是两个,所述的发动机摇臂轴中设置有两个轴向制动油孔和六个径 向制动油孔,任意一个所述的径向制动油孔均各自与一缸所述的发动机 制动机构连通,所述的两个轴向制动油孔中的一个轴向制动油孔与一个 发动机制动控制阀连通, 并通过三个径向制动油孔与三缸发动机制动机 构连通, 另一个轴向制动油孔与另一个发动机制动控制阀连通, 并通过 另外三个径向制动油孔与另外三缸发动机制动机构连通。
4. 如权利要求 1所述的多级发动机制动控制装置, 其特征在于: 所述的多 缸发动机制动机构是六缸发动机制动机构,所述的发动机制动控制阀的 数目是两个,所述的发动机摇臂轴中设置有两个轴向制动油孔和六个径 向制动油孔,任意一个所述的径向制动油孔均各自与一缸所述的发动机 制动机构连通,所述的两个轴向制动油孔中的一个轴向制动油孔与一个 发动机制动控制阀连通,并通过两个径向制动油孔与六缸发动机制动机- 构中的两缸发动机制动机构连通,另一个轴向制动油孔与另一个发动机: 制动控制阀连通,并通过另外四个径向制动油孔与另外四缸发动机制动 机构连通。
5. 如权利要求 1所述的多级发动机制动控制装置, 其特征在于: 所述的多 缸发动机制动机构是六缸发动机制动机构,所述的发动机制动控制阔的 数目是三个,所述的发动机摇臂轴中设置有三个轴向制动油孔和六个径 向制动油孔,任意一个所述的径向制动油孔与一缸所述的发动机制动机 构连通,第一个所述的轴向制动油孔与第一个所述的发动机制动控制阀 连通,并通过第一个所述的径向制动油孔与一缸所述的发动机制动机构 连通,第二个所述的轴向制动油孔与第二个所述的发动机制动控制阀连 通,并通过另外三个所述的径向制动油孔与另外三缸所述的发动机制动 机构连通,第三个所述的轴向制动油孔与第三个所述的发动机制动控制 阀连通,并通过其余两个所述的径向制动油孔与其余两缸发动机制动机 构连通。
6. 一种利用如权利要求 3所述的多级发动机制动控制装置控制多级发动机 制动的方法,其特征在于: 所述的控制方法由下述步骤组成: a) 当发动 机需要低档制动时, 只开通所述的两个发动机制动控制阀中的一个, 产 生六缸发动机制动机构中的三缸制动; b ) 当发动机需要高档制动时, 同时幵通所述的两个发动机制动控制阀,产生六缸发动机制动机构中的 所有六缸制动。
7. 一种利用如权利要求 4所述的多级发动机制动控制装置控制多级发动机 制动的方法,其特征在于: 所述的控制方法由下述步骤组成: a) 当发动 机需要低档制动时, 只开通一个发动机制动控制阀, 产生六缸发动机制 动机构中的两缸制动; b) 当发动机需要中档制动时, 只开通另一个发 动机制动控制阀, 产生六缸发动机制动机构中的四缸制动; c ) 当发动 机需要高档制动时, 同时开通所述的两个发动机制动控制阔, 产生六缸 发动机制动机构中的所有六缸制动。
8. 一种利用如权利要求 5所述的多级发动机制动控制装置控制多级发动机 制动的方法,其特征在于: 所述的控制方法由下述步骤组成: a) 当发动 机需要单缸制动时, 只开通所述的第一个发动机制动控制阀, 产生六缸 发动机制动机构中的一缸制动; b ) 当发动机需要双缸制动时, 只开通 所述的第三个发动机制动控制阀,产生六缸发动机制动机构中的两缸制 动; c ) 当发动机需要三缸制动时, 只开通所述的第二个发动机制动控 制阀, 产生六缸发动机制动机构中的三缸制动; d) 当发动机需要四缸 制动时, 同时开通所述的第一和第二个发动机制动控制阀, 产生六缸发 动机制动机构中的四缸制动; e ) 当发动机需要五缸制动时, 同时幵通 所述的第二和第三个发动机制动控制阔,产生六缸发动机制动机构中的 五缸制动; f ) 当发动机需要整机全制动时, 同时开通所述的三个发动 机制动控制阀, 产生六缸发动机制动机构中的所有六缸制动。
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