WO2011147141A1 - 分体式360°渔塘自动投饲机 - Google Patents

分体式360°渔塘自动投饲机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011147141A1
WO2011147141A1 PCT/CN2010/076861 CN2010076861W WO2011147141A1 WO 2011147141 A1 WO2011147141 A1 WO 2011147141A1 CN 2010076861 W CN2010076861 W CN 2010076861W WO 2011147141 A1 WO2011147141 A1 WO 2011147141A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
throwing
feeding
port
feed
hopper
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Application number
PCT/CN2010/076861
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴为国
Original Assignee
Wu Weiguo
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Publication date
Application filed by Wu Weiguo filed Critical Wu Weiguo
Publication of WO2011147141A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011147141A1/zh

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/80—Feeding devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture machinery, and particularly relates to a split type 360 ° automatic feeding machine for fish ponds. Background technique
  • Feeding machines are indispensable equipment for aquaculture. Usually, the feeding machine is installed on the shore of the fishing pond. The feed can only be thrown from one side. There is also a double-sided throwing machine such as Patent No.: 200620165358. 0, but the patent is thrown by two throwing motors, structure Complex, can not be fed in large areas, the existing feeders are not suitable for the feeding of benthic aquatic products such as shrimp, because the shrimps have a small range of activities, and the shrimps swim to a lesser extent to eat, due to excessive concentration Injury is caused, so most of the existing shrimp farming is artificially fed. Summary of the invention
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a split 360 ° automatic fishing machine for fish ponds suitable for the cultivation of benthic aquatic products such as shrimp.
  • the split type 360 ° fish pond automatic feeding machine is provided with a conveying mechanism between the feeding mechanism and the throwing mechanism, and the feeding mechanism is: upwardly connected on the upper opening of the upper and lower tapered hopper There is a material box and a feeder connected to the lower part; the throwing mechanism is: 360 ° The upper part of the horizontal throwing disc is centrally provided with a feeding port, and the lower base of the throwing disc is provided with a throwing disc rotating shaft, throwing The disk rotating shaft is driven by a power device or directly driven by a throwing motor; the feeding mechanism is: one end of the horizontally disposed conveying pipe is bent downward to form a discharging port, and the other end is provided with a feeding port, the conveying mechanism The feed port is connected with the discharge port of the feeding mechanism, and a bearing is arranged between the discharge port of the conveying mechanism and the feed port of the throwing mechanism, and the throwing disk rotates relative to the conveying mechanism.
  • the above-mentioned conveying mechanism further includes: a conveying pipe is arranged between the discharging port and the feeding port of the conveying pipe a suction device with a filter and a valve connected to the inner cavity; or a blower disposed at an outer end of the delivery pipe in the direction of the discharge port from the discharge port; or a feed in the delivery pipe at one end of the feed port
  • the auger, or the feed agitator at one end of the feed port is provided with a feed auger, and the outer end of the feed pipe is provided with a blower.
  • the above-mentioned throwing tray is: a rotating shaft mounting position is arranged in the middle of the base, a disc cover is arranged on the middle of the feeding port, and a throwing guiding plate is evenly distributed between the base and the disc cover at a certain radius.
  • a polishing channel is formed between two adjacent guide plates, and a lower surface of the base is provided with a reinforcing rib that generates a cooling airflow downward; or a throwing disc of the throwing mechanism is: a lower portion of the hollow throwing disc housing is centered There is a throwing motor shaft mounting position, a feeding center at the upper center, and a throwing tube around the center.
  • the outer end portion of the above-mentioned throwing guide plate or the throwing pipe is provided with a long and short interval.
  • the hollow throwing disc housing described above is divided into an upper casing and a lower casing, and a discharge pipe is installed at a joint of the upper and lower casings.
  • the feeder is as follows: a discharge nozzle is connected to a lower portion of the hopper, and a vibration feeder is disposed on a lower opening of the hopper in the discharge nozzle, wherein the vibration feeder is set on the lower side of the lower opening of the hopper
  • the outer side of the rear wall of the discharge weir is hinged at one end of the connecting rod, the other end of the connecting rod is hinged on the rear wall of the hopper, the bottom of the discharging bowl is fixed with a bearing through the bearing seat, and the inner ring of the bearing is installed with eccentricity
  • the feeding motor shaft is connected to the eccentric sleeve, the feeding motor is fixed on the hopper, and the mouth of the discharging nozzle is connected with the feeding port of the conveying mechanism; or the feeder is: connecting the conveying pipe at the lower part of the hopper Feeding port, with auger inside the feeding pipe.
  • the bearing is arranged between the discharge port of the conveying mechanism and the feeding port of the throwing mechanism: the feeding port in the middle of the disk cover of the throwing tray is provided with a connecting pipe upward, and the discharging port is inserted in the connecting pipe, More than one bearing is disposed between the spout and the connecting pipe, and at least one of the bearings has a sealing cover or a sealing member between the discharging port and the connecting pipe.
  • the above-mentioned bin is connected into a barrel by four identical injection plates, and the upper end of the four injection plates is connected with a window frame connection plate, and the side cover of the cover is covered on the connection plate, and one end of the cover is spliced at On the connecting plate, the other end is provided with an iron block or a magnetic block, and the iron block or the magnetic block cooperates with the magnetic block or the iron block on the connecting plate to lock the cover.
  • the lower portion of the above-mentioned throwing mechanism is provided with a supporting device which is a floating body or a pile or base provided downward.
  • the above floating body has three or more floating balls distributed in the lower part of the throwing mechanism, and the floating ball is fixedly connected to the base of the throwing mechanism or the throwing mechanism through the support rods fixedly connected at the upper portion thereof.
  • the throwing disc of the invention can be thrown at a water surface of 360°, and the feeding radius can be adjusted according to the size of the fish pond and the linear speed of the rotation of the throwing disc;
  • the invention utilizes the suction feeding of the throwing disc itself: Since the throwing disc and the conveying pipe have a deep groove ball bearing sealing connection, the rotating energy of the throwing disc is small, the generated suction force is large, the suction distance and the throwing disc
  • the linear speed of the rotation is related to the increase or decrease of the linear speed of the rotation of the throwing disc, so that the negative pressure air flow generated by the rotation of the throwing disc is also increased or decreased, which is suitable for the distance from the fishing pond throwing mechanism to the feeding mechanism, and the feed. It can be sucked from low to high; the auxiliary feeding device can be used to feed the feed directly from the warehouse.
  • the connection length can be set according to the feeding radius and the feeding distance of the fishing pond, especially the breeding of benthic aquatic products such as shrimp. Feeding, reducing the workload.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is an enlarged view of a portion A of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of the feeding mechanism of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the state in which the material box of the present invention is assembled by four plastic plates;
  • Figure 5 is a perspective view of the hopper and vibrating feeder portion of the feeding mechanism of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the vibrating feeder of the present invention when the discharge crucible is moved down to the lowermost side
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the vibrating feeder of the present invention when the discharge crucible is moved up to the uppermost side
  • Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view showing the second structure of the conveying mechanism of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view showing the third structure of the conveying mechanism of the present invention
  • Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view showing the fourth structure of the conveying mechanism of the present invention
  • Figure 12 is a partial cross-sectional view of the throwing mechanism of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a perspective view showing the structure of the base and the throwing guide of the throwing disc of the present invention
  • Figure 14 is a perspective view of the disc cover of the throwing disc of the present invention
  • Figure 15 is a perspective view of the throwing guide plate of the throwing disc of the present invention.
  • Figure 16 is a perspective view showing the structure of the base of the throwing disc and the projection guide of the present invention
  • Figure 17 is a perspective view of the main member of the throwing tray of the present invention
  • Figure 18 is a perspective view showing the structure of the material tank and its control device of the present invention.
  • Figure 19 is a schematic view showing the support of the throwing mechanism of the present invention supported on the water surface of the pond;
  • Figure 20 is a schematic view showing the floating body of the throwing mechanism of the present invention supported on the water surface of the pond;
  • FIG. 1 A first figure
  • the split type 360° fishing pond automatic feeding machine is provided with a conveying mechanism 2 between the feeding mechanism 1 and the throwing mechanism 3, and the feeding mechanism 1 is: a conical hopper 12 which is small in the upper and lower sides The upper opening is connected upwards The lower part of the box 1 is connected to the lower part of The throwing disc rotating shaft 33, the throwing disc rotating shaft 33 is driven by the power device or directly driven by the throwing motor 32; the conveying mechanism 2 is: one end of the horizontally disposed conveying pipe 23 is bent downward to form a discharging port 24, the other end is provided with a feed port 22, the feed port 22 of the feed mechanism 2 is connected with the discharge port of the feeding mechanism 1, the discharge port 24 of the feed mechanism 2 and the feed port 3461 of the throwing mechanism 3 Connecting, a bearing and a sealing device are arranged between the discharge port 24 of the conveying mechanism 2 and the feeding port 3461 of the throwing mechanism 3, and the conveying mechanism 2 and the discharging port thereof are rotated when the feeding mechanism and the feeding port thereof are rotated 24 No rotation, split type
  • the above-mentioned conveying mechanism 2 further includes: a suction device 25 with a screen 252 and a valve 251 connected to the inner cavity of the delivery pipe 23 between the discharge port 24 of the delivery pipe 23 and the inlet port 22
  • the feed pipe 23 and the suction device 25 jointly feed the feed into the feed pipe 23, and the feed does not enter the suction pipe 253 under the action of the filter 252, and the valve 251 can adjust the air flow of the suction pipe 253, and can also adjust and control.
  • the valve 251 intermittently operates the suction pipe 253; or a blower 27 is provided at the outer end of the delivery pipe 23 in the direction of the feed port 22 in the discharge port 24 to increase the conveying speed of the feed; or at the inlet 22
  • the feed pipe 23 of the end is provided with a feed auger 28 for forcibly feeding forward; or a feed auger 28 is disposed in the feed pipe 23 at the end of the feed port 22, and the outer end of the feed pipe 23 is provided with
  • the blower 27 forces the feed forward.
  • the throwing tray 34 (see FIGS. 12-16) of the above-described throwing mechanism 3 is: a motor shaft mounting hole 347 is provided in the middle of the base 341, and a disc cover 346 having a feed port 3461 in the middle is disposed above the base 341. , a projection guide plate 342 is disposed between the base 341 and the disc cover 346 at a certain radius, and the outer end portion of the guide plate 342 has a long and short interval (see FIG. 13), so that the thrown The feed has a near-distance, and a projection passage 345 is formed between the adjacent two guide plates 342.
  • the lower surface of the base 341 is radioactively provided with a reinforcing rib 343 which generates a cooling airflow downward.
  • the base 341 can be made of plastic or aluminum die-casting.
  • the material guiding plate 342 is formed by metal stamping.
  • the upper portion of the projection guiding plate 342 is provided with a protrusion 3421 for connecting with the mounting hole 3462 on the disk cover 346, and the lower portion is provided with an anchor 3422.
  • the anchor 3422 is wide and narrow, and is anchored.
  • Piece 3422 is embedded on the reinforcing rib 343 at the lower part of the squeegee base 341, so that the bonding force of the throwing guide plate 342 and the throwing disc base 341 is enhanced, and the reinforcing rib 343 replaces the fan to cool the throwing motor;
  • Motor the convex end cover is mounted on the lower part to become the base 322 of the motor, and the motor shaft is extended from the upper part to connect the throwing disc, eliminating the motor fan and the fan cover; or the throwing disc 35 of the throwing mechanism (see figure) 17)
  • a lower portion of the hollow throwing disc housing 351 is provided with a motor shaft mounting hole 3511, an upper center is provided with a feeding port 3512, and a peripheral portion is radioactively distributed with a discharge tube 352 and a discharge tube 352.
  • the outer end portion is provided with a long and short interval to facilitate throwing the material to different regions, wherein: the hollow throwing disc housing 351 is divided into an upper casing and a lower casing, and the upper and lower casings are die-casted from plastic or aluminum.
  • the discharge pipe 352 is installed at the joint of the upper and lower casings.
  • the connecting method of the rotating shaft 33 and the throwing disc 34/35 may also be a connecting method such as a flange.
  • horizontal throwing The level of the tray 34 is only a basic horizontal placement, and the throwing path is not horizontal, because the base formed by the base 341 or the discharge tube 352 of the throwing tray 34/35 is tapered, and the feed is thrown along the edge.
  • the upper wall of the tapered base is thrown upwards at an elevation angle, so its trajectory is a parabolic trajectory.
  • the feeder 13 is: a hopper 12 is disposed in the hopper 12, a lower end of the hopper 12 is connected with a discharge nozzle 14, and a lower portion of the hopper 12 in the discharge nozzle 14 is provided with a vibrating feeder, wherein
  • the vibrating feeder is provided with a discharge port 131 on the lower side of the lower opening of the hopper 12, the outer side of the rear wall of the discharge port 131 is hinged at one end of the link 138, and the other end of the link 138 is hinged to the rear wall of the hopper 12.
  • a movable door 132 for blocking the discharge raft 131 is hinged.
  • the bottom of the discharge raft 131 is fixed with a bearing 136 through a bearing seat 137, and an eccentric sleeve 135 is mounted in the inner ring of the bearing, and the motor shaft is fed.
  • the 134 is connected to the eccentric sleeve 135, and the feeding motor 133 is fixed on the hopper 12.
  • the mouth 141 of the discharging nozzle 14 is connected to the feeding port 22 of the conveying mechanism 2, directly above the feeding motor shaft 134 and outside the eccentric sleeve 135.
  • the bottom of the discharge crucible 131 is horizontally or downwardly inclined, and a discharge gap L is disposed between the outlet of the discharge crucible 131 and the side wall of the discharge nozzle 14 to ensure that the vibrated feed can be smoothly sent out;
  • the feeder is: 12 is connected to a lower portion of the discharge nozzle 14, the discharge nozzle 14 of the nozzle port 141 and the feed port 2 with the feeding device 28.
  • the feed auger 22 is connected.
  • the bearing and the sealing device are disposed between the discharge port 24 of the conveying mechanism 2 and the feeding port 3461 of the throwing mechanism 3: the feeding port 3461 in the middle of the disk cover 346 of the throwing tray 34 is provided with a connection upward.
  • the tube 348, the discharge port 24 is inserted in the connecting pipe 348, and two bearings 243 are disposed between the discharging port 24 and the connecting pipe 348.
  • the bearing 243 can be selected by a deep groove ball bearing with a sealing cover, and the sealing cover of the bearing is used instead of the sealing.
  • the bent portion of the discharge port 24 of the conveying mechanism 2 should make the height of the conveying pipe 23 of the conveying mechanism 2 higher than the highest point of the parabolic trajectory of the throwing feed so as not to affect the feed.
  • the above-mentioned bin 11 is connected into a barrel by four identical injection-molded plates 111.
  • Each of the injection-molded plates 111 has a reinforcing strip 117 on one side thereof, and the four injection-molded plates 111 are spliced and the reinforcing strips 117 form the reinforcing columns of the four corners of the bin.
  • the upper end of the four injection molding plates 111 is connected with a window frame connecting plate 116.
  • the side wall 1121 of the cover 112 is sleeved on the upper part of the connecting plate 116, and one end of the cover 112 is fastened to the connecting plate 116 by the pin 113.
  • On the inner wall, the other end is provided with an iron block 115.
  • the iron block 115 cooperates with the magnetic block 114 on the connecting plate 116 to lock the box cover 112.
  • the iron block 115 and the magnetic block 114 can be installed in reverse.
  • the lower part of the above-mentioned throwing mechanism 3 is provided with a supporting device which is a floating body 7 or a pile 6 or a base which is disposed downward; the pile 6 can be welded with a steel pipe and a base 31, and the other end of the steel pipe is inserted into the bottom of the steel pipe, and the steel pipe is replaced
  • the safety grounding of the electrical appliance, the supporting device can be made of raw materials such as concrete or wood.
  • the above-mentioned floating body 7 is three or four floating balls 71 uniformly distributed around the throwing mechanism 3, and the floating ball 71 is fixedly connected to the base of the throwing mechanism 3 or the throwing mechanism 3 through the support rod 72 fixedly connected at the upper portion thereof.
  • the spherical float does not cause the feed to accumulate on the float.
  • the throwing mechanism 3 of the present invention is mounted on the water surface 5 of a fish and a shrimp pond by a supporting device, and the feeding mechanism 1 of the present invention is mounted on the shore 4 of the fish and the shrimp pond, and the present invention is
  • the feed port 22 of the conveying mechanism 2 is connected to the nozzle opening 141 of the discharge nozzle 14 of the feeding mechanism 1 or the discharge port of the hopper 12, the discharge port 24 of the conveying mechanism 2 and the inlet of the throwing mechanism 3 3461 sealing connection, pouring the feed into the bin 11, using the control device 119 to set the feeding time, feeding interval, etc., turning on the power switch, the throwing power of the throwing mechanism 3
  • the feeding machine 133 of the machine 32 and the feeding mechanism 1 starts to work, and the feeding motor of the feeder 13 of the feeding mechanism 1 drives the discharge ⁇ 131 to continuously move up and down and left and right (vibration) and feed forward, and the feed is in gravity and discharge.
  • the driving force of the throwing force of 131 and the suction force generated by the rotation of the throwing mechanism 3 (when the feeding distance is large, the auxiliary feeding such as auger and blower can also be increased.
  • the feeding port through the throwing mechanism 3 3461 enters the hollow portion of the middle collecting chamber 344 of the throwing tray 34 of the throwing mechanism 3 or the throwing disc housing 351, and the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the throwing disc 34/35 feeds the feed along the throwing passage 345 or the throwing tube 352 is evenly thrown outward on the water surface by a parabolic trajectory in the range of 360 °.
  • the feed distance of the feed is far and near, and the fish and shrimp are almost uniformly projected.
  • the feed can be replenished into the tank 11 at any time during the throwing process.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Feeding And Watering For Cattle Raising And Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
  • Filling Or Emptying Of Bunkers, Hoppers, And Tanks (AREA)

Description

说 明 书 分体式 360 ° 渔塘自动投饲机 技术领域
本发明属于水产养殖机械技术领域， 特指分体式 360 ° 渔塘自动投饲机。 背景技术
投饲机是水产养殖不可缺少的设备。 通常投饲机安装在渔塘的岸边， 饲料 只能从一面抛出， 也有双面抛料的投饲机如专利号： 200620165358. 0， 但该专 利由二个抛料电机抛料， 结构复杂， 不能大面积供料， 已有的投饲机都不适合 用于对虾等底栖类水产品投料， 因为对虾活动范围少， 而且对虾游到较少的范 围内吃饲， 会因过度密集造成伤害， 所以现有对虾养殖大多采用人工投料。 发明内容
本发明的目的是提供分体式 360 ° 渔塘自动投饲机，以适合对虾等底栖类水 产品产殖的需要。
本发明的目的是这样实现的：
分体式 360 ° 渔塘自动投饲机， 在供料机构和抛料机构之间设置有输料机 构， 所述的供料机构是： 在上大下小的锥形料斗的上部开口上向上连接有料箱、 下部连接有送料器； 所述的抛料机构是： 360 ° 水平抛料盘的上部居中设置有进 料口， 抛料盘的下部底座上向下设置有抛料盘转轴， 抛料盘转轴用动力装置带 动或用抛料电机直接带动； 所述的输料机构是： 横向设置的输料管的一端向下 折弯形成出料口、 另一端设置有进料口， 输料机构的进料口与供料机构的出料 口连接， 输料机构的出料口与抛料机构的进料口之间设置有轴承， 抛料盘相对 于输料机构转动。
上述的输料机构还包括： 在输料管的出料口与进料口之间设置有与输料管 的内腔联通的带滤网和阀门的吸气装置； 或在出料口向进料口方向的输料管的 外端部设置有鼓风机； 或在进料口一端的输料管内设置有送料搅龙， 或在进料 口一端的输料管内设置有送料搅龙、 输料管的外端部设置有鼓风机。
上述的抛料盘是： 在底座的中部设置有转轴安装位、 之上设置有中部有进 料口的盘盖， 底座与盘盖之间、 一定半径处向外均布有抛料导向板， 相邻两导 向板之间形成抛料通道， 底座的下表面设置有向下产生冷却气流的加强筋； 或 所述的抛料机构的抛料盘是： 中空的抛料盘壳体的下部居中设置有抛料电机轴 安装位、 上部居中设置有进料口、 四周均布有抛料管。
上述的抛料导向板或抛料管的外端部为有长有短间隔设置。
上述的中空的抛料盘壳体分为上壳体和下壳体， 上下壳体的结合处安装抛 料管。
上述的送料器是： 在料斗的下部连接有出料嘴， 出料嘴之内的料斗的下部 开口上设置有震动送料器， 其中的震动送料器是在料斗的下部开口的下侧套装 有出料簸箕， 出料簸箕的后壁的外侧铰接在连杆的一端， 连杆的另一端铰接在 料斗的后壁上， 出料簸箕的底部通过轴承座固定有轴承， 轴承内圈内安装有偏 心套， 送料电机轴连接在偏心套上， 送料电机固定在料斗上， 出料嘴的嘴口与 输料机构的进料口连接； 或所述的送料器是： 在料斗的下部连接输料管的进料 口， 输料管内带有搅龙。
上述的输料机构的出料口与抛料机构的进料口之间设置有轴承是： 抛料盘 之盘盖中部的进料口上向上设置有连接管， 出料口插在连接管内， 出料口与连 接管之间设置有一个以上的轴承， 至少其中一个轴承带有密封盖或出料口与连 接管之间有密封件。
上述的料箱由四块相同的注塑板连接成桶体， 四块注塑板的上端四周连接 有窗框式连接板， 箱盖的侧壁套盖在连接板上， 箱盖的一端绞接在连接板上，另 一端设置有铁块或磁块， 铁块或磁块与连接板上的磁块或铁块配合锁紧箱盖。 上述的抛料机构的下部设置有支撑装置， 支撑装置是浮体或朝下设置的立 桩或基座。
上述的浮体是三个以上的浮球分布在抛料机构的下部， 浮球通过其上部固 定连接的支撑杆固定连接在抛料机构或抛料机构的底座上。
本发明相比现有技术突出的优点是：
1、 本发明的抛料盘可向水面 360° 抛料， 投料半径可根据渔塘大小及抛料 盘旋转的线速度调整；
2、 本发明利用抛料盘自身的吸力送料： 因为抛料盘与输料管有深沟球轴承 密封连接， 所以抛料盘旋转能耗小， 产生的吸力大， 吸料距离和抛料盘旋转的 线速度有关， 抛料盘旋转的线速度加大或减少， 使得抛料盘旋转产生的负压气 流也跟着增强或减弱， 适合大小渔塘抛料机构到供料机构的距离， 而且饲料可 从低处向高处吸； 增加辅助送料装置可实现饲料从仓库直接供料， 可根据渔塘 的投料半径及输料距离设置连接长度， 特别是对虾等底栖类水产品的养殖替代 人工投料， 减少工作量。
附图说明
图 1是本发明的立体结构示意图；
图 2是图 1的 A部放大图；
图 3是本发明的供料机构的结构示意图；
图 4是本发明的料箱由四块塑料板组合状态示意图；
图 5是本发明的供料机构的料斗与震动送料器部分的立体图；
图 6是本发明的震动送料器的出料簸箕下移至最下侧时的剖视图； 图 7是本发明的震动送料器的出料簸箕上移至最上侧时的剖视图； 图 8是本发明的输料机构的结构之一的剖视图；
图 9是本发明的输料机构的结构之二的剖视图；
图 10是本发明的输料机构的结构之三的剖视图； 图 11是本发明的输料机构的结构之四的剖视图；
图 12是本发明的抛料机构的局部剖视图；
图 13是本发明的抛料盘的底座及抛料导向板的结构之一的立体示意图； 图 14是本发明的抛料盘的盘盖的立体示意图；
图 15是本发明的抛料盘的抛料导向板的立体示意图；
图 16是本发明的抛料盘的底座及抛料导向板的结构之二的立体示意图； 图 17是本发明用抛料管作抛料盘的主要构件的立体示意图；
图 18是本发明的料箱及其控制装置的结构立体示意图。
图 19是本发明的抛料机构用立桩支撑在池塘水面上的示意图；
图 20是本发明的抛料机构用浮体支撑在池塘水面上的示意图；
其中： 供料机构 1 ; 输料机构 2; 抛料机构 3; 岸 4; 水面 5; 立桩 6; 浮体 7; 料箱 11 ; 料斗 12; 送料器 13; 出料嘴 14; 进料口 22; 输料管 23; 出料口 24; 吸 气装置 25; 鼓风机 27; 送料搅龙 28; 机座 31 ; 抛料电机 32; 转轴 33; 抛料盘 34; 抛料盘 35; 浮球 71 ; 支撑杆 72; 注塑板 111 ; 箱盖 112; 销轴 113; 磁块 114; 铁 块 115; 连接板 116; 加强条 117; 控制装置 119; 下料滤网 121 ; 出料簸箕 131 ; 活动门 132; 送料电机 133; 送料电机轴 134; 偏心套 135; 轴承 136; 轴承座 137; 连杆 138; 嘴口 141 ; 环形盖 241 ; 密封件 242; 轴承 243; 阀门 251 ; 滤网 252; 吸 气管 253; 底座 322; 底座 341 ; 导向板 342; 加强筋 343; 集料腔 344; 抛料通道 345； 盘盖 346; 安装孔 347; 连接管 348; 抛料盘壳体 351 ; 抛料管 352; 侧壁 1121; 凸块 3421 ; 锚固件 3422; 进料口 3461 ; 安装孔 3462; 电机轴安装孔 3511 ; 进料 P 3512;
具体实施方式
下面结合附图以具体实施例对本发明作进一步描述， 参见图 1-20 :
分体式 360° 渔塘自动投饲机， 在供料机构 1和抛料机构 3之间设置有输料机 构 2， 所述的供料机构 1是： 在上大下小的锥形料斗 12的上部开口向上连接有料 箱 1 1、 下部连接有送料器 13; 所述的抛料机构 3是： 360 ° 水平抛料盘 34的上部 居中设置有进料口 3461， 抛料盘 34的下部底座 341上向下设置有抛料盘转轴 33， 抛料盘转轴 33用动力装置带动或用抛料电机 32直接带动； 所述的输料机构 2是： 横向设置的输料管 23的一端向下折弯形成出料口 24、 另一端设置有进料口 22， 输料机构 2的进料口 22与供料机构 1的出料口连接， 输料机构 2的出料口 24与抛料 机构 3的进料口 3461连接， 输料机构 2的出料口 24与抛料机构 3的进料口 3461之间 设置有轴承及密封装置， 抛料机构及其进料口转动时， 输料机构 2及其出料口 24 不转动， 分体式 360 ° 渔塘自动投饲机的抛料或间歇抛料动作由控制装置 1 19按 设定的程序自动控制。
上述的输料机构 2还包括： 在输料管 23的出料口 24与进料口 22之间设置有与 输料管 23的内腔联通的带滤网 252和阀门 251的吸气装置 25， 输料管 23和吸气装 置 25共同把饲料吸入输料管 23， 在滤网 252的作用下饲料不会进入吸气管 253， 阀门 251可调节吸气管 253的气流， 也可以调节控制阀门 251使吸气管 253间歇工 作； 或在出料口 24向进料口 22方向的输料管 23的外端部设置有鼓风机 27， 以增 加饲料的运送速度； 或在进料口 22—端的输料管 23内设置有送料搅龙 28， 将饲 料强制向前送； 或在进料口 22—端的输料管 23内设置有送料搅龙 28、 输料管 23 的外端部设置有鼓风机 27将饲料强制向前送。
上述的抛料机构 3的抛料盘 34 (参见图 12— 16 ) 是： 在底座 341的中部设 置有电机轴安装孔 347， 在底座 341之上设置有中部有进料口 3461的盘盖 346， 底座 341与盘盖 346之间、 一定半径处向外呈放射性均布有抛料导向板 342，导 向板 342的外端部为有长有短间隔设置 （参见图 13)， 使抛出的饲料有远有近， 相邻两导向板 342之间形成抛料通道 345，底座 341的下表面呈放射性设置有向 下产生冷却气流的加强筋 343， 底座 341可用塑料或铝压铸制成， 抛料导向板 342用金属冲压成形，抛料导向板 342的上部设置有与盘盖 346上的安装孔 3462 连接用的凸块 3421、 下部设置有锚固件 3422， 锚固件 3422下宽上窄， 锚固件 3422镶嵌在抛料盘底座 341下部的加强筋 343上， 使抛料导向板 342和抛料盘 底座 341的结合力增强， 加强筋 343替代风扇， 给抛料电动机冷却； 所述的电 机可用立式电机， 凸椽端盖装在下部成为电机的底座 322， 电机轴从上部伸出连 接抛料盘， 省去电机风扇及风扇罩； 或所述的抛料机构的抛料盘 35 (参见图 17) 也可以是： 中空的抛料盘壳体 351的下部居中设置有电机轴安装孔 3511、 上部 居中设置有进料口 3512、 四周呈放射性均布有抛料管 352， 抛料管 352的外端 部为有长有短间隔设置， 以便于将料抛向不同的区域， 其中： 中空的抛料盘壳 体 351分为上壳体和下壳体， 上下壳体用塑料或铝压铸制成， 上下壳体的结合 处安装抛料管 352。 转轴 33和抛料盘 34/35的连接方法还可以是法兰等连接方 法， 总之只要把水平的抛料盘 34/35固定在竖直的转轴 33上即可， 需要说明的 是：水平抛料盘 34的水平只是基本水平放置的意思，其抛料轨迹并不是水平的， 因为抛料盘 34/35的底座 341或抛料管 352形成的面是锥形的， 饲料在抛出时 沿锥形的底座上壁向上有一个仰角抛出， 所以其运动轨迹是抛物线轨迹。
上述的送料器 13是： 料斗 12内设置有下料滤网 121， 料斗 12的下部连接有出 料嘴 14， 出料嘴 14之内的料斗 12的下部开口上设置有震动送料器， 其中的震动 送料器是在料斗 12的下部开口的下侧套装有出料簸箕 131， 出料簸箕 131的后壁 的外侧铰接在连杆 138的一端， 连杆 138的另一端铰接在料斗 12的后壁上， 料斗 12的前壁上铰接有可遮挡住出料簸箕 131的活动门 132， 出料簸箕 131的底部通过 轴承座 137固定有轴承 136， 轴承内圈内安装有偏心套 135， 送料电机轴 134连接 在偏心套 135上， 送料电机 133固定在料斗 12上， 出料嘴 14的嘴口 141与输料机构 2的进料口 22连接， 送料电机轴 134的正上方与偏心套 135的外沿距离最大时， 出 料簸箕 131的底部水平或向下倾斜设置， 出料簸箕 131的出口与出料嘴 14的侧壁 之间设置有出料间隙 L以保证震动出的饲料能顺利送出； 或所述的送料器是： 在 料斗 12的下部连接有出料嘴 14， 出料嘴 14的嘴口 141与带有送料搅龙 28的输料机 构 2的进料口 22连接。 上述的输料机构 2的出料口 24与抛料机构 3的进料口 3461之间设置有轴承及 密封装置是： 抛料盘 34之盘盖 346中部的进料口 3461上向上设置有连接管 348， 出料口 24插在连接管 348内， 出料口 24与连接管 348之间设置有二个轴承 243， 轴 承 243可选用有密封盖的深沟球轴承， 轴承的密封盖替代密封件， 轴承支承输料 管 23， 输料管 23不旋转， 出料口 24上设置有盖住轴承 243及连接管 348上端部的 与出料口 24—体的环形盖 241， 环形盖 241起到对连接部位的防水作用， 输料机 构 2的出料口 24的折弯部应使输料机构 2的输料管 23的高度高于抛出饲料之抛物 线轨迹之最高点， 以便不影响饲料抛出后的运动轨迹。
上述的料箱 11由四块相同的注塑板 111连接成桶体， 每块注塑板 111的一边 有加强条 117， 四块注塑板 111拼接后加强条 117使料箱的四个角形成增强柱， 四 块注塑板 111的上端四周连接有窗框式连接板 116， 箱盖 112的侧壁 1121套盖在连 接板 116的上部， 箱盖 112的一端通过销轴 113绞接在连接板 116的内壁上，另一端 设置有铁块 115， 铁块 115与连接板 116上的磁块 114配合锁紧箱盖 112， 当然， 所 述的铁块 115和磁块 114可以对调安装。
上述的抛料机构 3的下部设置有支撑装置， 支撑装置是浮体 7或朝下设置的 立桩 6或基座； 立桩 6可用钢管和机座 31焊接，钢管的另一端插入水底，钢管替代 电器的安全接地， 支撑装置可用混泥土或木材等原料制造。
上述的浮体 7是三个或四个浮球 71均布在抛料机构 3的四周， 浮球 71通 过其上部固定连接的支撑杆 72固定连接在抛料机构 3或抛料机构 3的机座 31 上，球形浮体不会使饲料堆积在浮体上。
本发明的使用： 将本发明的抛料机构 3通过支撑装置安装在鱼、 虾塘的水面 5上， 将本发明的供料机构 1安装在鱼、 虾塘的岸 4上， 将本发明的输料机构 2的 进料口 22与供料机构 1的出料嘴 14的嘴口 141或料斗 12的出料口连接， 输料机构 2 的出料口 24与抛料机构 3的进料口 3461密封连接， 将饲料倒入料箱 11内， 利用控 制装置 119设定好投料时间、 投料间隔等， 接通电源开关， 抛料机构 3的抛料电 机 32和供料机构 1的送料电机 133开始工作， 供料机构 1之送料器 13的送料电机带 动出料簸箕 131不断的上下左右运动 （震动） 并向前送料， 饲料在重力、 出料簸 箕 131的抛送力的带动及抛料机构 3旋转产生的吸力下 （送料距离较大时， 也可 以增加搅龙及鼓风机等辅助送料图 8图 10图 11 ) 通过抛料机构 3的进料口 3461进 入抛料机构 3的抛料盘 34的中部集料腔 344或抛料盘壳体 351的中空部， 靠抛料盘 34/35旋转产生的离心力将饲料沿抛料通道 345或抛料管 352在 360 ° 范围按抛物 线轨迹向外均匀地抛向水面， 由于导向板 342或抛料管 352长短不一并间隔设置， 使得饲料的抛射距离有远有近， 几乎均匀地抛射到鱼、 虾塘的设定抛射半径内， 在抛料的过程中也可随时向料箱 11内补充饲料。
上述实施例仅为本发明的较佳实施例， 并非依此限制本发明的保护范围， 故： 凡依本发明的结构、 形状、 原理所做的等效变化， 均应涵盖于本发明的保 护范围之内。

Claims

权利 要求 书
1、 分体式 360 ° 渔塘自动投饲机， 其特征在于： 在供料机构和抛料机构之 间设置有输料机构， 所述的供料机构是： 在上大下小的锥形料斗的上部开口向 上连接有料箱、 下部连接有送料器； 所述的抛料机构是： 360 ° 水平抛料盘的上 部居中设置有进料口， 抛料盘的下部底座向下设置有抛料盘转轴， 抛料盘转轴 用动力装置带动或用抛料电机直接带动； 所述的输料机构是： 横向设置的输料 管的一端向下折弯形成出料口、 另一端设置有进料口， 输料机构的进料口与供 料机构的出料口连接， 输料机构的出料口与抛料机构的进料口之间设置有轴承， 抛料盘相对于输料机构转动。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的分体式 360 ° 渔塘自动投饲机， 其特征在于： 所述 的输料机构还包括： 在输料管的出料口与进料口之间设置有与输料管的内腔联 通的带滤网和阀门的吸气装置； 或在出料口向进料口方向的输料管的外端部设 置有鼓风机； 或在进料口一端的输料管内设置有送料搅龙， 或在进料口一端的 输料管内设置有送料搅龙、 输料管的外端部设置有鼓风机。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的分体式 360 ° 渔塘自动投饲机， 其特征在于： 所述 的抛料盘是： 在底座的中部设置有转轴安装位、 之上设置有中部有进料口的盘 盖， 底座与盘盖之间、 一定半径处向外均布有抛料导向板， 相邻两导向板之间 形成抛料通道， 底座的下表面设置有向下产生冷却气流的加强筋； 或所述的抛 料机构的抛料盘是： 中空的抛料盘壳体的下部居中设置有抛料电机轴安装位、 上部居中设置有进料口、 四周均布有抛料管。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的一体式 360 ° 渔塘自动投饲机， 其特征在于： 所 述的抛料导向板或抛料管的外端部为有长有短间隔设置。
5、 根据权利要求 3所述的一体式 360 ° 渔塘自动投饲机， 其特征在于： 所 述的中空的抛料盘壳体分为上壳体和下壳体， 上下壳体的结合处安装抛料管。
6、 根据权利要求 1所述的分体式 360 ° 渔塘自动投饲机， 其特征在于： 所述 的送料器是： 在料斗的下部连接有出料嘴， 出料嘴之内的料斗的下部开口上设 置有震动送料器， 其中的震动送料器是在料斗的下部开口的下侧套装有出料簸 箕， 出料簸箕的后壁的外侧铰接在连杆的一端， 连杆的另一端铰接在料斗的后 壁上， 出料簸箕的底部通过轴承座固定有轴承， 轴承内圈内安装有偏心套， 送 料电机轴连接在偏心套上， 送料电机固定在料斗上， 出料嘴的嘴口与输料机构 的进料口连接； 或所述的送料器是： 在料斗的下部连接输料管的进料口， 输料 管内带有搅龙。
7、 根据权利要求 1所述的分体式 360 ° 渔塘自动投饲机， 其特征在于： 所述 的输料机构的出料口与抛料机构的进料口之间设置有轴承是： 抛料盘之盘盖中 部的进料口上向上设置有连接管， 出料口插在连接管内， 出料口与连接管之间 设置有一个以上的轴承， 至少其中一个轴承带有密封盖或出料口与连接管之间 有密封件。
8、 根据权利要求 1所述的分体式 360 ° 渔塘自动投饲机， 其特征在于： 所 述的料箱由四块相同的注塑板连接成桶体， 四块注塑板的上端四周连接有窗框 式连接板， 箱盖的侧壁套盖在连接板上， 箱盖的一端绞接在连接板上，另一端设 置有铁块或磁块， 铁块或磁块与连接板上的磁块或铁块配合锁紧箱盖。
9、 根据权利要求 1一 6任一项所述的分体式 360 ° 渔塘自动投饲机， 其特征 在于： 所述的抛料机构的下部设置有支撑装置，支撑装置是浮体 7或朝下设置的 立桩 6或基座。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的分体式 360 ° 渔塘自动投饲机， 其特征在于： 所 述的浮体是三个以上的浮球分布在抛料机构的下部， 浮球通过其上部固定连接 的支撑杆固定连接在抛料机构或抛料机构的底座上。
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