Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D487/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00
  • C07D487/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains three hetero rings
  • C07D487/14—Ortho-condensed systems
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
  • A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
  • A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
  • A61K31/506—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim not condensed and containing further heterocyclic rings
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D209/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
  • C07D209/56—Ring systems containing three or more rings
  • C07D209/80—[b, c]- or [b, d]-condensed
  • C07D209/82—Carbazoles; Hydrogenated carbazoles

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a method for purifying a pyrrolocarbazole derivative (compound of formula (I) or compound (I)) using an acid complex thereof.
• the present invention also relates to a crystalline form of an acid complex of formula (la).
• a specific fused pyrrolocarbazole compound known as 1 1 -isobutyl-2-methyl-8-(2- pyrimidinylamino)-2,5,6,1 1 ,12,13-hexahydro-4/-/indazolo[5,4-a]pyrrolo [3,4- c]carbazol-4-one is a potent, orally-active TIE-2A/EGF-R 40 inhibitor having antitumor and anti-angiogenic activity and is represented by the following formula (I):
• the present invention in one aspect provides an acid complex of compound (I).
• the inventors have thus discovered that the crystallization of such a complex allows removing most of the impurities, notably those that are difficult to eliminate by conventional techniques, such as chromatography, and hence to obtain a high purity level.
• the acid complex of the compound (I) according to the invention makes the subsequent purification of compound (I) easier and thus provides a process that is workable on a industrial scale. In particular, it reduces the need of large volumes of solvent generally required for purification by chromatography.
• Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the acid complex of the compound of formula (I) from the compound (II).
• a base during the nucleophilic substitution step allows increasing the yields of the acid complex and thus of the compound of formula (I), as well as to reduce the resulting impurities.
• the presence of a base does not increase the degradation of compound (II).
• Another object of the present invention is to provide the use of such an acid complex for purifying compound (I) and notably to reach a purity of more than 95%.
• Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for the purification of compound (I), notably comprising the treatment of the acid complex with a decolorizing agent in order to remove the by-product compound of formula (IV).
• Still another object of the present invention is to provide a crystalline form of the acid complex of formula (la).
• Figure 1 represents an X-ray powder diffractogram of form A 0 of compound (I).
• Figure 2 represents the X-ray powder diffractogram of the acetic acid complex of compound of formula (I).
• Figure 3 represents the 1 H NMR spectrum of the acetic acid complex of the compound of formula (I).
• the invention provides an acid complex of a compound of formula (I) :
• said acid complex having the following formula (la) :
• R represents Ci-Cs alkyl
• the carboxylic acid RCOOH can be selected in the list consisting of acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, hexanoic acid, heptanoic acid or octanoic acid.
• RCOOH represents acetic acid. It should be understood that the acetic acid complex of compound I can be referred to as an acid complex of formula (la) wherein R represents Ci alkyl.
• R represents C 2 -C 8 alkyl.
• the invention provides a method for the preparation of the acid complex of formula (la), as herein-defined, comprising:
• Hal represents Br, CI, or I ;
• the base is an amine, notably a secondary or tertiary amine.
• the amine is a trialkylamine.
• the amine is of formula R1 R2R3N, wherein Ri represents C1-C6 alkyl and R2, R3 are independently selected in the list consisting of H and C1-C6 alkyl.
• the amine is a trialkylamine wherein R ⁇ R 2 and R 3 independently represent Ci-C 6 alkyl, notably diisopropylamine or triethylamine; triethylamine being particularly preferred.
• the presence of the base enhances the reaction kinetic, while enabling both to increase the yield and the purity of the reaction, notably by reducing the amounts in by-products, in particular those related to the degradation of the compounds of formula (II). Further, it has been observed that the base does not increase the amount of by-product of formula (IV).
• the molar ratio of the base relatively to the compound of formula (II) ranges from 1 to 2, and is notably of about 1 .5 equivalent. In still a further aspect, the molar ratio of the compound of formula (III) relative to the compound of formula (II) ranges from 1 to 2, and is notably of about 1 .5 equivalent.
• solvents there is no particular restriction on the nature of the solvent to be employed, provided that it has no adverse effect on the reaction or on the reagents involved.
• suitable solvents include polar solvents, notably alcohols, in particular alcohols having a boiling point above 100°C, such as n-butanol.
• reaction can take place over a wide range of temperatures, and the precise reaction temperature is not critical to the invention.
• the reaction mixture is heated to reflux, notably at a temperature ranging from 100 to 120°C.
• the time required for the reaction may also vary widely, depending on many factors, notably the reaction temperature and the nature of the reagents. While the progress of the reaction can be monitored by HPLC, a period of about 18 to 22 hours is generally sufficient.
• step ii) the compound of formula (I) is contacted with a carboxylic acid of formula RCOOH.
• the carboxylic acid is added to the reaction mixture resulting at the end of step i).
• the volume of RCOOH that is added to the reaction mixture ranges from 1 to 20 volumes, notably from 5 to 15 volumes, relative to the compound of formula (II) or (I).
• the temperature of addition of the acid RCOOH to the reaction mixture is not critical. It can be chosen notably between the boiling point and the melting point of the acid RCOOH, and in particular in the range of 60 to 120°C.
• the reaction mixture of step i) is cooled to about 75°C, before the acid RCOOH is added.
• the reaction mixture is then generally heated to a temperature ranging from 60°C to 80°C, notably at 75°C, over a period of about 10 to 30 minutes.
• the acid complex of formula (la) is recovered from the reaction mixture.
• step iii) comprises:
• the complex of formula (la) form can be crystallized from the reaction mixture by conventional methods, including notably cooling or chilling, crystal seeding, evaporation of a portion of the solution, or precipitation by adding an anti-solvent such as methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE).
• MTBE methyl tert-butyl ether
• a preferred embodiment comprises cooling the reaction mixture to about 20°C.
• the reaction mixture can be cooled rapidly by standard cooling methods, typically with a temperature cooling rate in the range of -0.1 °C/min to - 10°C/min.
• the crystallized complex of formula (la) can be isolated by any conventional methods including filtration and centrifugation.
• the recovered crystals of the acid complex may then be washed with a solvent, for instance with methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE).
• MTBE methyl tert-butyl ether
• the invention provides a crystalline form of an acid complex of formula (la):
• R represents Ci alkyl, characterized by an X-ray powder diffractogram comprising one or more of the following peaks: 5,19 ⁇ 0.2 degrees 2-Theta; 6,17 ⁇ 0.2 degrees 2-Theta; 6,44 ⁇ 0.2 degrees 2-Theta; 14,36 ⁇ 0.2 degrees 2-Theta; and 26,09 ⁇ 0.2 degrees 2-Theta, when measured using Cu- ⁇ radiation.
• the X-ray powder diffractogram comprises a peak at 6,44 ⁇ 0.2 degrees 2- Theta and one or more of the following peaks: 5,19 ⁇ 0.2 degrees 2-Theta; 6,17 ⁇ 0.2 degrees 2-Theta; 14,36 ⁇ 0.2 degrees 2-Theta; and 26,09 ⁇ 0.2 degrees 2- Theta, when measured using Cu- ⁇ radiation.
• the X-ray powder diffractogram comprises peaks at 6,44 ⁇ 0.2 degrees 2-Theta and 6,17 ⁇ 0.2 degrees 2-Theta and one or more of the following peaks: 5,19 ⁇ 0.2 degrees 2-Theta; 14,36 ⁇ 0.2 degrees 2-Theta; and 26,09 ⁇ 0.2 degrees 2-Theta, when measured using Cu- ⁇ radiation.
• the X-ray powder diffractogram comprises peaks at 6,44 ⁇ 0.2 degrees 2-Theta; 6,17 ⁇ 0.2 degrees 2-Theta; and 26,09 ⁇ 0.2 degrees 2-Theta and one or more of the following peaks: 5,19 ⁇ 0.2 degrees 2-Theta and 14,36 ⁇ 0.2 degrees 2-Theta, when measured using Cu- ⁇ radiation.
• the X-ray powder diffractogram comprises peaks at 5,19 ⁇ 0.2 degrees 2-Theta; 6,17 ⁇ 0.2 degrees 2-Theta; 6,44 ⁇ 0.2 degrees 2-Theta; 14,36 ⁇ 0.2 degrees 2-Theta; and 26,09 ⁇ 0.2 degrees 2- Theta, and one or more of the following peaks: 10,51 ⁇ 0.2 degrees 2-Theta; 15,84 ⁇ 0.2 degrees 2-Theta; 18,33 ⁇ 0.2 degrees 2-Theta; 20,69 ⁇ 0.2 degrees 2-Theta; and 23,71 ⁇ 0.2 degrees 2-Theta, when measured using Cu-Kct radiation.
• the crystalline acetic acid complex of formula (la) has an X-ray powder diffractogram substantially as depicted in Figure 2.
• the crystalline form of an acid complex of formula (la) where R represents Ci alkyl has a purity of at least about 92%. In a more preferred embodiment, the crystalline form of an acid complex of formula (la) where R represents Ci alkyl has a purity of at least about 97%. In a still more preferred embodiment, the crystalline form of an acid complex of formula (la) where R represents Ci alkyl has a purity of at least about 99.5%.
• the crystallization of the complex of formula (la) allows to eliminate most of the impurities resulting from the preparation steps of compound of formula (I).
• the resulting complex is generally recovered in a purity ranging from 92 to 99.5% or more.
• removing the majority of the impurities generally allows a purity ranging from 92 to 97%.
• the remaining impurities are mainly by-product of formula (IV) that tends to crystallize together with the acid complex of formula (I). Further removing compound of formula (IV) hence allows a purity equal or greater than 99.5%.
• the invention provides an acid complex of formula (la) obtainable according to the method herein-disclosed.
• the invention provides the use of an acid complex of formula (la) for purifying or in a method for purifying the corresponding compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
• the purified compound of formula (I) has a purity of more than 98%, preferably of more than 99%.
• the invention provides a method for the purification of the compound of formula (I) as herein-defined, comprising:
• the step of converting the acid complex of formula (la) into the compound of formula (I) is carried out by drying the complex at a temperature comprised in the range of from 70°C to 90°C, notably at a temperature of about 80°C.
• the step of converting the acid complex of formula (la) into the compound of formula (I) can be carried out by dissolving in a solvent the complex of formula (la), notably in a solvent suitable for crystallizing the compound of formula (I), for example under the polymorphic form A 0 .
• Polymorphic form A 0 of compound (I) has been disclosed in international patent application n° PCT/US2009/065099, the content of which is herein-incorporated by reference.
• Figure 1 represents an X-ray powder diffractogrann of form A 0 of compound (I). It presents representative peaks according to Table 1 .
• Suitable solvents for crystallizing the compound of formula (I) under the polymorphic form A 0 may notably be selected in the list consisting of 1 -butanol; 1 - pentanol; 1 -propanol; 2-butanol; 2-butanone; 2-pentanone; 3-pentanone; acetone; acetonitrile; butyronitrile; chlorobenzene; cyclohexane; dichloromethane; di- isopropyl-amine; dimethyl-sulfoxide; EGDE; ethanol; ethyl acetate; ethylene glycol; heptane; iPrOH; isopropyl acetate; methanol; methyl acetate; methyl ethyl ketone; methyl isopropyl ketone; methyl tert-butyl ether; n-butyl-acetate; pentanol; propanitrile; pyridine; sec-butano
• the dissolution of the complex can be performed at a temperature in the range of 60°C and 80°C, notably of about 70°C, under stirring.
• the progress of the reaction of conversion of the acid complex into the compound of formula (I) can be monitored by RX diffraction.
• the conversion reaction can be performed over a period sufficient to convert the whole acid complex of formula (la) into the compound of formula (I).
• the resulting compound of formula (I) is recovered from the reaction mixture prior the step of treatment with the decolorizing agent, notably by crystallizing the compound of formula (I) and isolating the crystals.
• Crystallization can be performed by any conventional methods, including notably cooling or chilling, crystal seeding, evaporation of a portion of the solution, or precipitation by adding an anti-solvent.
• a preferred embodiment comprises cooling the reaction mixture to about 10°C, notably rapidly by standard cooling methods, typically with a cooling rate temperature in the range of -0.1 to -10°C/min.
• the crystallized compound of formula (I) can be isolated by any conventional methods including filtration and centrifugation.
• the recovered crystals of the compound of formula (I) may then be washed with a solvent, for instance with isopropyl acetate.
• the isolated product may then be dried under vacuum.
• the step of contacting the compound of formula (I) with a decolorizing agent is carried out in a solvent selected in the list consisting of dichloromethane, methanol, ethanol or any solvent capable to solubilise compound (I) or any binary or ternary mixture thereof.
• the decolorizing agent is an activated charcoal, notably a steam or chemically activated charcoal.
• activated charcoals are those provided under the trade names LSMTM, L3STM, 3STM, DARCO G60TM for steam activated charcoals and CPLTM, ENO PCTM, CAP SUPERTM for chemically activated charcoals; typically from Ceca or Norit manufacturers.
• Preferred charcoal is ENO PCTM charcoal.
• the decolorizing agent allows substantially removing by adsorption, any residual by-products which can be present in the reaction mixture together with the compound of formula (I) (or with the acid complex of formula (la) respectively), in particular the by-product of formula (IV).
• the purified compound of formula (I) may then be recovered by filtering the reaction mixture, and evaporating the solvent under vacuum.
• the recovered compound of formula (I) may then be optionally recrystallized, notably under polymorphic form A 0 .
• the compound of formula (I) can be dissolved in isopropylacetate and then cooled to a temperature of about 10°C to 20°C until complete formation of polymorphic form A 0 .
• the crystals of the purified compound of formula (I) may then be recovered by any conventional methods, notably by centrifugation, and washed with a solvent such as isopropylacetate.
• the invention provides a method for the purification of the compound of formula (I) as herein-defined, said method comprising the steps of : i) contacting the acid complex of formula (la) as herein-defined with a decolorizing agent in a solvent ;
• step i) The steps of treatment with a decolorizing agent (step i) and of conversion of the acid complex of formula (la) into the compound of formula (I) (step ii) can be performed according to the same procedures than those herein-disclosed.
• the resulting purified compound of formula (I) is further reacted with an acid so as to obtain an acid addition salt, preferably a monoacid addition salt.
• an acid addition salt preferably a monoacid addition salt.
• the acid is the paratoluenesulfonic acid (PTSA).
• the term "about” refers to a range of values from ⁇ 10% of a specified value.
• the phrase “about 50 mg” includes ⁇ 10% of 50, or from 45 to 55 mg.
• complex refers to the non covalently bounded association of two molecules of the acid RCOOH with one molecule of the compound of formula (I).
• alkyl refers to a straight-chain, or branched alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, isoamyl, neopentyl, 1 -ethyl propyl, 3- methylpentyl, 2,2-dimethylbutyl, 2,3-dimethylbutyl, hexyl, octyl, etc.
• Lower alkyl groups which are preferred, are alkyl groups as defined above which contain 1 to 4 carbons.
• a designation such as “C1 -C4 alkyl” refers to an alkyl radical containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
• solvent means a substance, typically a liquid, that is capable of completely or partially dissolving another substance, typically a solid, and which is nonreactive towards the starting reagents, the intermediates or the products, at the reaction temperature considered, it being possible for the latter to vary from the solidification point of the solvent to the boiling point of the solvent.
• anti-solvent means a solvent in which a compound is substantially insoluble.
• decolorizing agent refers to a porous or finely divided carbon, notably activated, with a large surface area, that can adsorb coloured impurities from the liquid reaction mixture, notably aromatic impurities.
• volume when referring to a ratio, means a (litre/kilogramme) (L/kg) ratio.
• Compound (II) is supplied by Cephalon (typical purity > 92% LCAP); it can be prepared according to the preparation of example 1-29 of WO-2005/063763.
• Triethylamine was purchased from SAFC (typical purity > 99%).
• 2- BromoPyrimidine was purchased from Acros (typical purity > 98%).
• Solvents were purchased from SDS Carlo Erba (typical purityPPS grade)
• HPLC A reversed-phase HPLC method was developed and qualified for determining the identity, the assay and purity of compound of formula (I) drug substance. The analysis is performed on an XTerra MS C18 column (150 x 4.6 mm, 5 ⁇ packing) using a 55-85% organic gradient over 27 minutes, and measuring the absorbance at 270 nm.
• XRPD X-ray powder diffraction
• Figure 2 represents the X-ray powder diffractogram of the acetic acid complex of compound of formula (I). It presents representative XRPD peaks according to Table 2.
• NMR Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
• Figure 3 represents the 1 H NMR spectrum of the acetic acid complex of the compound of formula (I). It presents representative peaks according to table 3. Peaks at 0.88 (corresponding to the compound (I)) and at 2.13 (corresponding to acetic acid) confirm the presence of two molecules of acetic acid for one molecule of compound of formula (I).
• TM 1 17°C
• Example 2 Converting the acetic acid complex into the compound of formula (I) via a polymorphic transformation
• a reactor was charged at about 20°C with crude the compound of formula (I) form Ao (4.040 kg; 1 eq, dichloromethane (222 L; 40V) and ethanol (56 L; 10 V). The mixture was stirred yield (80 rpm) at 20°C for 15 minutes in order to obtain a solution perfectly clear.
• the mixture was purified with 50% w/w activated charcoal lens (2 x 1 kg, ; 49.5 % w/w). Then the liquors were filtered through a 0.3 ⁇ Cuno filter cartridge to remove insoluble particles (activated charcoal). The solvents were evaporated until dryness under vacuum.
• a reactor was charged at about 20°C with the compound of formula (I) form A 0 (6.075 kg; 1 eq) and dichloromethane (92 L; 15 V). The mixture was stirred (80 rpm) at 20°C for 15 minutes. After cooling the mixture to 10°C, paratoluene sulfonic acid (PTSA - 2.417 kg; 1 eq) was added portion wise. The mixture was stirred at 80 rpm at 10°C for 1 hour. Then, MTBE (122 L; 15 V) was added portion wise via a feed vessel. The mixture was heated to 45°C at least 1 h (checking that the reaction was complete by RX/DSC, if it is necessary, continue the contact).
• PTSA - 2.417 kg; 1 eq paratoluene sulfonic acid

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