Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
  • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
  • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
  • B22F3/20—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by extruding
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
  • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
  • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
  • B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
  • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
  • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
  • B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
  • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
  • B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
  • B22F5/10—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of articles with cavities or holes, not otherwise provided for in the preceding subgroups
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
  • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
  • B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
  • B22F5/10—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of articles with cavities or holes, not otherwise provided for in the preceding subgroups
  • B22F5/106—Tube or ring forms
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22C—ALLOYS
  • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
  • C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22C—ALLOYS
  • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
  • C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
  • C22C33/0257—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
  • C22C33/0278—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5%
  • C22C33/0285—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5% with Cr, Co, or Ni having a minimum content higher than 5%
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
  • C22C—ALLOYS
  • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
  • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
  • C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a process for producing a
• carbide or cermet blanks can be carried out with much less complex equipment and processes.
• a production of blanks made of hard metal or cermets can be achieved by extrusion with subsequent sintering. Relevant production methods are described, for example, in the documents US Pat. No. 2,422,994, DE 36 01 385 A1, EP 465 946 A1, EP 1 017 527 B1, EP-A-0 340 495, EP-A-0 458 774, WO-A-92/22390 or US-A-4,779,440.
• One object is to provide a way to obtain rods for manufacturing tools from HSS or HSS-E easier. Another object is to provide a raw material with which such tools can be produced economically.
• a method according to the invention for the production of a powder-metallurgical steel, in particular tool steel, such as HSS or HSS-E steel, is characterized in that first of all steel powder having a predetermined microstructure is produced.
• a binder e.g. Wax or paraffin
• a plastically deformable raw material is prepared, which - can be subjected directly to a primary molding process, preferably due to the appropriate selection of the particle size and / or particle size distribution of the steel powder. It can do that without it
• Interrupting a blank for a steel component are manufactured, which has an arbitrarily complex spatial shape.
• the actual structure formation takes place, that is, the steel particles, which preferably have as close as possible a spherical shape to the
• Atmospheric pressure performed sintering process has sufficient density and strength.
• HIP Hot Isostatic Pressing
• the steel powder is subjected to homogenization of the geometry of the powder particles during mixing with the binder and / or before mixing.
• the steel powder is subjected to a screening process before mixing, so that it is subjected to the mixing process in a predetermined particle size and / or particle size distribution, it is possible to exert further positive influence on the strength of the steel structure.
• the starting structure of the steel powder can be optimally selected freely from the manufacturing process of the powder.
• the material properties of the steel produced can be additionally influenced within wide limits.
• the blank is subjected to HIP (hot isostatic pressing) treatment before, during or after sintering.
• HIP hot isostatic pressing
• the blank is subjected during the sintering process for controlling the steel structure to a temperature treatment, such as a hardening process. This is done by going through a suitable temperature / Time program, which can be selected according to material specifications as required.
• the plastically deformable mass succeeds in a preferably continuous extrusion process
• the plastically deformable mass is preferably by a
• powdered steel is processed analogously as in the production of carbide with the addition of a binder.
• the powdered steel with the binder is then extruded and sintered.
• a further aspect of the invention is the provision of a raw material for producing a steel according to claim 12.
• a method is provided wherein cobalt is additionally used as the binder metal.
• a method is provided wherein the pressing is performed by an extrusion die with a die, whereby the raw mass can be extruded into a continuous rod.
• an inner channel for guiding coolant and / or lubricant is arranged in sections in the rod.
• the inner channel is formed at least partially helical or rectilinear.
• a steel is provided, wherein the steel can be produced from a raw material according to claim 6.
• powder metallurgical steel can be made easier and cheaper.
• a tool steel such as HSS-E
• a high-alloy steel serve.
• the powder can be ground by spraying the molten steel or else.
• the production according to the invention of a powder-metallurgical steel requires few production plants and is therefore more cost-effective to manufacture than the prior art. Further, by the process of the present invention in the production of powder metallurgical steel, higher productivity can be obtained as compared with the prior art production methods.
• FIG. 1 shows a diagram to illustrate the method steps according to the invention
• FIG. 2 shows a nozzle for the extrusion of a continuous powder metallurgical rod DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS
• powdered steel to make powder metallurgy steels therefrom.
• This steel is typically a high alloy steel which may contain, for example, 0.46% carbon and 13% chromium.
• the powdered steel is compacted by repeated repeated rolling. From the blocks thus formed, then e.g. Tools are made.
• the arrangement of cooling channels can be effected by making holes in the already partially compacted steel between the first rolling operations. Overall, this method of manufacturing a powder metallurgical steel requires a high amount of production equipment. In addition, the prior art manufacturing method is time consuming.
• FIG. 1 shows the method sequence according to the invention for producing a
• steel powder metallurgical steel in particular tool steel, such as HSS or HSS-E steel.
• steel powder is produced in a first process step, which preferably has a previously selected structure, such as e.g. the fabric of a
• a binder such as e.g. Paraffin or wax
• Urform batches doneverarbeitbar is. Dashed lines indicate a variant according to which the steel powder is additionally coated with a binding metal, such as e.g. Cobalt is mixed.
• a binding metal such as e.g. Cobalt is mixed.
• Binder the steel powder - for example, in a ball mill - a machining to homogenize the geometry of the powder particles are subjected. The edges of the powder particles are removed in this way and the particles become an im
• the raw mass thus produced is now formed into a blank having a predetermined spatial shape, preferably extruded by means of an extrusion press, so that
• the binder is expelled at selected temperatures. Then the actual sintering process takes place, in which the steel structure is finally created.
• the blank may be subjected to HIP (hot isostatic pressing) treatment before, during or after sintering. This optional method step is indicated by a dashed line in FIG. 1.
• the blank is subjected to a temperature treatment, such as e.g. one
• Hardening process is subjected.
• the sintering plant passes through a predetermined temporally controlled temperature profile, so that the steel finally has the desired structure quality.
• the steel powder can also be obtained by grinding or grinding steel particles
• Extrusion die with a nozzle (102) is extruded into a continuous rod.
• the resulting in the extrusion step blanks (green compacts / green forms) in the design as a steel / binder mixture can therefore analogously to the production of Cemented carbide or cermets are processed.
• the processing with an extrusion die, which may have a nozzle for extrusion, and the subsequent sintering process allow a simple, rapid and advantageous production of a powder metallurgy steel.
• the output form in the extrusion as continuous rods is advantageous because this can already be the rough geometric shape of a drilling, milling, sinking or reaming tool.
• powdered steel is treated and processed, for example tungsten carbides as starting material for the production of hard metal (with the addition of a binder such as cobalt).
• internal channels can advantageously be easily formed in the extruded rod, which in particular have dimensions (diameter, circular or elliptical cross-section) through the further processing operations, e.g. sintering, can not change as much as compared to the processing of the prior art by rolling the case may be the case. It can therefore be ensured a higher dimensional accuracy in the production of the inner channels of powder metallurgy steels.
• Fig. 1 shows an example of a nozzle for the extrusion of a continuous rod, wherein a raw material is injected into the nozzle through an inlet opening 103, 104, which may have the surface of a circular ring.
• the raw mass comprises powdered steel, wherein the steel may also be high-alloyed, and at least one further binding metal, such as e.g. Cobalt, may have.
• the raw mass is brought together in the region 105, whereby by e.g. continuously rotating rods 107 in the pressed raw mass wired inner channels 101 can be formed. From the nozzle 102 can then exit a continuous rod 106 with inner channels 101. If the bars 107 do not rotate but stand still, continuous bars 106 with straight inner channels can be formed.
• extrusion nozzles or nozzles which can be used in a suitable manner are known per se and, for example, in the publications US Pat. No. 2,422,994, DE 36 01 385 A1, EP 465 946 A1, EP 1 017 527 B1, EP-A-0 340 495, EP-A-0 458 774, WO-A-92/22390 or US-A-4,779,440 whose disclosure content is expressly incorporated in the present application.
• the invention thus provides a method for producing a powder metallurgical steel.
• the method comprises the steps of: producing steel powder, preferably with a predetermined structure; Mixing the steel powder with a binder to form a plastically deformable raw material; Original shapes of the raw mass to a blank with a given spatial shape; and sintering the blank.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Metallurgy (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

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Citations (8)

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• 2010
  • 2010-05-05 DE DE102010019599A patent/DE102010019599A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2011
  • 2011-05-05 KR KR1020127030327A patent/KR20130124152A/ko not_active Ceased
  • 2011-05-05 JP JP2013508514A patent/JP5940058B2/ja active Active
  • 2011-05-05 EP EP11719228A patent/EP2566640A2/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2011-05-05 WO PCT/EP2011/057257 patent/WO2011138422A2/de not_active Ceased
• 2012
  • 2012-11-01 US US13/666,164 patent/US20130136647A1/en not_active Abandoned

Patent Citations (8)

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