WO2011136047A1

WO2011136047A1 - Vehicle interior heat exchanger

Info

Publication number: WO2011136047A1
Application number: PCT/JP2011/059399
Authority: WO
Inventors: 雄一松元; 祐介飯野
Original assignee: サンデン株式会社
Priority date: 2010-04-28
Filing date: 2011-04-15
Publication date: 2011-11-03
Also published as: EP2565571A4; CN102869942A; EP2565571A1; US20130048260A1; JP2011230655A

Abstract

In order to improve the heat efficiency of a heat exchanger which is disposed in a vehicle interior draft passage and operates as a condenser, disclosed is a vehicle interior heat exchanger (1) which functions as a condenser, wherein a pair of tube groups (13A, 13B) each configured by staking a plurality of refrigerant flow tubes (11) are disposed in a draft direction so as to face each other, on one end side in the axial direction of the refrigerant flow tubes (11), an inlet-side header tank (14A) which has a refrigerant inlet pipe (14a) and by which the refrigerant flow tubes (11) of the tube group (13A) communicate and connect with each other and an outlet-side header tank (14B) which has a refrigerant outlet pipe (14b) and by which the refrigerant flow tubes (11) of the tube group (13B) communicate and connect with each other are disposed separately at an interval therebetween, and on the other end side in the axial direction of the refrigerant flow tubes (11), one intermediate header tank (15) by which the refrigerant flow tubes (11) of the pair of tube groups (13A, 13B) communicate and connect with each other is disposed.

Description

Car interior heat exchanger

The present invention relates to a vehicle interior heat exchanger in a vehicle heat pump device.

In a heat pump device (air conditioner) for an engine-equipped vehicle, in Patent Document 1, a refrigerant in a gas-liquid mixed state is circulated in one direction intersecting the blowing direction from the inlet side of the evaporator, and then inverted and circulated in the opposite direction. As a counterflow type in which the refrigerant flows out from the outlet side on the same side as the inlet side, the temperature distribution unevenness of the cooling air blown into the vehicle interior is suppressed.

Japanese Patent Gazette; Japanese Patent No. 3214318

On the other hand, in an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle equipped with a small engine, it is difficult to heat with a heater core that uses exhaust heat of the engine, so it is considered to heat by operating the heat exchanger in the heat pump cycle as a condenser. It has been.

As described above, even when the vehicle interior heat exchanger is used as a condenser, it is effective to use the counter flow type refrigerant flow path adopted in the evaporator to suppress uneven temperature distribution of the heating air. is there.

However, in a heat exchanger that operates as a condenser, the temperature difference between the refrigerant inlet side into which high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant flows in and the refrigerant outlet side through which it condenses and flows out low-temperature liquid refrigerant is about 30 ° C. (10% for an evaporator). (Degrees C).

For this reason, there is a concern that the heat exchange between the high temperature refrigerant inlet side and the low temperature refrigerant outlet side may reduce the efficiency of the heat exchanger and thus the heat pump cycle.
The present invention has been made paying attention to such a conventional problem, and while uniformizing the temperature distribution of the heating air from the vehicle interior heat exchanger operated as a condenser, the heat exchanger inlet side and outlet side The purpose is to maintain good thermal efficiency by suppressing heat exchange.

The present invention has the first to third inventions,
A heat exchanger of a vehicle heat pump device that is disposed in an air passage in a vehicle compartment and functions as at least a condenser, and includes the following configuration common to the first to third aspects of the invention.

A pair of tube groups in which a plurality of refrigerant flow tubes are stacked are arranged side by side in the air blowing direction of the air passage so as to face each other.
An inlet-side header tank having a refrigerant inlet and connected in communication with each refrigerant circulation tube of one of the tube groups on one end side in the axial direction of the refrigerant circulation tube, and each of the other tube group having a refrigerant outlet An outlet-side header tank connected with the refrigerant flow tube in communication is disposed.

One intermediate header tank is provided on the other axial end side of the refrigerant flow tube, and the refrigerant flow tubes of the pair of tube groups are connected in communication.
In the first invention, the inlet-side header tank and the outlet-side header tank are disposed separately and spaced apart from each other.

In the second invention, the inlet-side header tank and the outlet-side header tank of the inlet / outlet header tank are integrally formed via a heat insulating layer.
In the third invention, the inlet-side header tank and the outlet-side header tank of the inlet / outlet header tank are integrally formed, and the refrigerant inlet and the refrigerant outlet are connected to the refrigerant flow of each tank. It formed in each edge part of the opposite side of a tube lamination direction.

In the configuration common to the first to third inventions,
The refrigerant introduced from the refrigerant inlet into the inlet side header tank passes through the refrigerant distribution tube of the inlet side tube group into the intermediate header tank, and passes from the intermediate header tank through the refrigerant distribution tube of the outlet side tube group. A counter-flow type refrigerant flow path that reaches the outlet header tank and flows out of the refrigerant outlet is formed.

With this refrigerant flow path configuration, the average temperature of the inlet side tube group and the outlet side tube group in the entire area of the air passage cross section of the heat exchanger is made uniform, so that after passing through the heat exchanger The temperature distribution of the heating air is made uniform.

And in 1st invention, since the inlet side header tank and the outlet side header tank are formed separately, and are arrange | positioned mutually spaced apart, the high-temperature refrigerant | coolant around the inlet side header tank The heat exchange with the low-temperature refrigerant around the outlet-side header tank is suppressed, and the thermal efficiency can be maintained well.

In the second invention, the heat exchange between the high-temperature refrigerant around the inlet-side header tank and the low-temperature refrigerant around the outlet-side header tank can be suppressed by the interposition of the heat insulating layer, and the heat efficiency can be favorably maintained, and By forming both tanks integrally, the strength is improved and the assembly of the heat exchanger is improved.

In the third aspect of the invention, since the refrigerant inlet having the highest temperature and the refrigerant outlet having the lowest temperature are formed at the farthest positions between the two tanks, heat exchange between the regions where the temperature difference is large is suppressed. As a result, the thermal efficiency can be maintained satisfactorily, and the strength is improved and the assemblability of the heat exchanger is improved by forming both tanks integrally.

The figure which shows the outline | summary of the refrigerant circuit in the vehicle air conditioner provided with the vehicle interior heat exchanger which concerns on this invention. The perspective view of the vehicle interior heat exchanger concerning 1st Embodiment. The principal part cross-sectional view of the vehicle interior heat exchanger concerning 1st Embodiment. The perspective view of the vehicle interior heat exchanger concerning 2nd Embodiment. The principal part cross-sectional view of the vehicle interior heat exchanger concerning 2nd Embodiment. The perspective view of the vehicle interior heat exchanger concerning 3rd Embodiment. The principal part cross-sectional view of the vehicle interior heat exchanger concerning 3rd Embodiment.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.
FIG. 1 shows an outline of a refrigerant circuit in a vehicle heat pump apparatus (air conditioner) provided with a vehicle interior heat exchanger according to the present invention.

The air conditioner is connected in parallel to the vehicle interior heat exchanger 1 disposed in the air duct 51 in the vehicle interior, the vehicle exterior heat exchanger 2 disposed outside the vehicle interior, the four-way switching valve 3, and the compressor 4. The expansion valves 5 A and 5 B and the check valves 6 A and 6 B are connected by circulation through a refrigerant pipe 7.

A fan 52 is provided in the vehicle interior air passage 51, and air in the vehicle interior is blown by the fan 51 and is circulated through the vehicle interior heat exchanger 1 for cooling or heating.
During heating, the four-way valve 3 is switched to the solid line state shown in the figure, and the refrigerant pressurized by the compressor 4 flows into the vehicle interior heat exchanger 1 through the four-way valve 3 and exchanges heat with the vehicle interior air (heat radiation). ) To be condensed and liquefied. The vehicle interior air is heated by this heat exchange. The heated vehicle interior air is blown into the vehicle interior by the fan 51 to heat the vehicle interior.

Then, the liquid refrigerant passes through the check valve 6A and reaches the expansion valve 5B, is decompressed and forms a mist, flows into the vehicle exterior heat exchanger 2, and exchanges heat with the outside air (heat absorption) to vaporize (gasify). After that, the cycle of returning to the suction port of the compressor 4 and pressurizing again is repeated.

Further, at the time of cooling, the refrigerant pressurized by driving the compressor 4 flows into the vehicle exterior heat exchanger 2 via the four-way valve 3 in the illustrated dotted line state, and exchanges heat (radiates heat) with the outside air to form a gas refrigerant. Is condensed and liquefied. The liquid refrigerant passes through the check valve 6B, reaches the expansion valve 5A, is reduced in pressure and forms a mist, and flows into the vehicle interior heat exchanger 1.

Mist refrigerant exchanges heat (absorbs heat) with the passenger compartment air, evaporates into a gaseous state, and cools the passenger compartment air. The cooled passenger compartment air is blown into the passenger compartment by the fan 51 to cool the passenger compartment. The cycle in which the gaseous refrigerant is returned to the suction port of the compressor 4 and pressurized again is repeated.

As described above, the vehicle interior heat exchanger 1 that operates as a condenser during heating is configured as follows. In addition, although the heat exchanger 1 operates as a condenser during heating and when it operates as an evaporator during cooling, the refrigerant flow direction is reversed. Hereinafter, the refrigerant flow direction when operating as a condenser will be described. .

2 to 4 show a first embodiment of the vehicle interior heat exchanger 1.
A pair of

tube groups

13A and 13B are formed by laminating a plurality of refrigerant flow tubes 11 having a flat passage cross section through corrugated fins 12 in the vertical direction, and the pair of

tube groups

13A and 13B are opposed to each other. Two rows are arranged at intervals in the air blowing direction of the air blowing path 1. Each refrigerant circulation tube 11 and corrugated fin 12 are fixed by brazing or the like.

Header tanks extending in the stacking direction of the refrigerant flow tubes 11 are disposed on both sides in the tube axial direction of the two rows of

tube groups

13A and 13B.
The header tank disposed on one side (left side in the figure) of the tube in the axial direction is formed as a separate body with the inlet side header tank 14A and the outlet side header tank 14B, and is disposed with a space therebetween. Has been. The inlet-side header tank 14A and the outlet-side header tank 14B have, for example, a plurality of circular pipe members whose upper and lower end surfaces are closed with a lid member and for inserting an end portion of each refrigerant flow tube 11 as described later. It has a shape with holes.

In the inlet side header tank 14A, one end of each refrigerant flow tube 11 of the tube group 13A on the downstream side in the blowing direction is inserted into a corresponding hole, communicated with the inside of the tank, and fixed by brazing or the like.

A refrigerant inlet pipe 14a connected to the external upstream refrigerant pipe 7 communicates with the inside of the tank and is connected to the upper part of the inlet side header tank 14A by brazing.
One end of each refrigerant flow tube 11 of the tube group 13B on the upstream side in the blowing direction is inserted into the corresponding hole in the outlet header tank 14B and communicated with the inside of the tank, and is fixed by brazing or the like.

A refrigerant outlet pipe 14b connected to the external downstream refrigerant pipe 7 is connected to the inside of the tank by brazing at the lower end of the outlet header tank 14B.
The refrigerant inlet pipe 14a and the refrigerant outlet pipe 14b each have a distal end that hermetically penetrates the passage wall of the air passage 50 in the vehicle interior, and is connected to the external upstream refrigerant pipe 7 and the downstream refrigerant pipe 7 outside the vehicle interior. It is formed as follows.

Further, the intermediate header tank 15 disposed on the other axial side of the tube (the right side in the drawing) is formed of one tank, and the end portions of all the refrigerant flow tubes 11 of both the

tube groups

13A and 13B are connected to each other. They are inserted into correspondingly formed holes, communicated, and fixed by brazing or the like.

In the vehicle interior heat exchanger 1 configured as described above, the flow of the refrigerant when operating as a condenser during heating will be described with reference to FIG.
The high-pressure and high-temperature gaseous refrigerant that has flowed into the inlet-side header tank 14A through the refrigerant inlet pipe 14a from the upstream-side refrigerant pipe 7 diffuses in the inlet-side header tank 14A and flows through each refrigerant in the tube group 13A. It passes through the tube 11 into the intermediate header tank 15 on the opposite side.

The refrigerant merged in the intermediate header tank 15 turns in the reverse direction, passes through the refrigerant flow tubes 11 of the tube group 13B on the upstream side in the blowing direction, reaches the outlet tank 14B, and flows downstream from the refrigerant outlet pipe 14b. It flows out to the pipe 7.

While the refrigerant passes through the refrigerant circulation tubes 11 of the two

tube groups

13A and 13B as described above, the refrigerant exchanges heat with the blown air that is in contact with the outer surface of each of the tubes 11, and is dissipated. Similarly, heat is exchanged with the corrugated fins 12 that are cooled by the blown air contacting the outer surface, and the heat is dissipated to efficiently cool and condense.

The counter flow type refrigerant flow path is condensed in the tube group 13A on the downstream side in the blowing direction in the region near the refrigerant inlet where the high-temperature gaseous refrigerant circulates at a high density and in the tube group 13B on the upstream side in the blowing direction. A region close to the refrigerant outlet through which the low-temperature liquid refrigerant flows overlaps in the blowing direction.

On the other hand, the closer to the opposite intermediate header tank 15, the smaller the difference in refrigerant temperature (or gas-liquid ratio) flowing through the

tube groups

13A, 13B on the downstream side and upstream side in the blowing direction.
That is, in the entire area of the air passage cross section, the average value (average temperature or average gas-liquid) of the refrigerant temperature (gas-liquid ratio) of the downstream tube group 13A in the blowing direction and the refrigerant temperature (gas-liquid ratio) of the upstream tube group 13B. Ratio) is made uniform. Thereby, the temperature of the heating air blown into the passenger compartment while exchanging heat through the passenger compartment heat exchanger 1 is made uniform, and comfortable heating can be performed.

By the way, in the vehicle interior heat exchanger 1 operating as a condenser, as described above, the temperature difference between the vicinity of the refrigerant inlet and the vicinity of the refrigerant outlet is particularly large.
For example, in the case of vehicle interior heating with a heater core using engine coolant, the temperature difference between the entrance and exit due to heat exchange with air is about 10 ° C. (sensible heat change), and the vehicle interior heat exchanger 1 is When used as an evaporator, the temperature difference between the entrance and exit is about 10 ° C. (latent heat change).

On the other hand, when the vehicle interior heat exchanger 1 is operated as a condenser, the refrigerant flows in a high-temperature complete gas state on the inlet side, flows out in a low-temperature liquid state that is radiated and condensed on the outlet side, and the inlet / outlet temperature. The difference is about 30 ° C. (latent heat change).

When heat exchange is performed between the inlet side and the outlet side having a large temperature difference in this way, the liquefied low-temperature refrigerant on the outlet side is reheated by the high-temperature gaseous refrigerant on the inlet side, and the heat exchange efficiency decreases. End up.

Therefore, in the first embodiment, the inlet / outlet header tank is formed as a separate body by the inlet side header tank 14A and the outlet side header tank 14B, and is arranged with a gap therebetween.
As a result, heat exchange between the high-temperature gaseous refrigerant in the inlet-side header tank 14A and the cooled low-temperature liquid refrigerant in the outlet-side header tank 14B can be effectively suppressed, and a sufficient reduction in thermal efficiency can be achieved. Can be suppressed.

In addition, since the refrigerant inlet pipe 14a and the refrigerant outlet pipe 14b are connected to the refrigerant pipe 7 outside the passenger compartment, the refrigerant leaks into the passenger compartment even when the connection is loosened or disconnected. Can be avoided.

Further, since the refrigerant outlet pipe 14b is disposed at the lower end of the outlet tank 14B, the liquid refrigerant and the oil contained in the refrigerant smoothly flow out of the refrigerant outlet pipe 14b and stay in the lower part of the outlet tank 14B. Can be prevented and good thermal efficiency can be maintained.

4 and 5 show a second embodiment in which the refrigerant inlet / outlet header tank 21 is integrated.
As in the first embodiment, an inlet-side header tank member 21A and an outlet-side header tank member 21B formed of a circular pipe member (also possible by extrusion) are paired with a pair of plates 21C circumscribing these circular sections. 21D is integrated, and the entire outer cross section at the upper and lower ends is integrated as a shape closed with a lid member. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, and the refrigerant inlet pipe 21a and the refrigerant outlet pipe 21b are connected to corresponding positions of the integrated inlet / outlet header tank 21.

When integrated in this way, the space surrounded by the adjacent wall portions of the inlet side header tank member 21A and the outlet side header tank member 21B, the pair of

plates

21C and 21D, and the upper and lower end lid members is an air heat insulating layer. 22 is interposed. Therefore, even in the integrated tank, the heat between the high-temperature gaseous refrigerant in the inlet-side header tank member 21A and the low-temperature liquid refrigerant in the outlet-side header tank member 21B is owing to the air insulation layer 22 interposed. Exchange can be suppressed as much as possible, and thermal efficiency can be maintained well.

Further, by integrating the inlet side header tank and the outlet side header tank as the inlet / outlet header tank 21, the strength of the tank is improved, and both the

tube groups

13A and 13B are integrated on both sides in the tube axial direction. By connecting and supporting the tank, the strength of the entire heat exchanger 1 is improved.

Further, by integrating the tanks, the refrigerant flow tubes 11 of both the

tube groups

13A and 13B can be assembled to the inlet header tank member 21A and the outlet header tank member 21B at the same time. Will improve.

6 and 7 show the third embodiment, and show another embodiment in which the refrigerant inlet / outlet header tank is integrated.
The inlet / outlet header tank 31 is integrally formed in a box shape having the same outer shape as that of the intermediate header tank 15, and the tank inner space is connected to the inlet side tube group 13 A through the partition wall 32. The side header tank 31A and the outlet side header tank 31B to which the outlet side tube group 13B is connected in communication are defined.

Here, the refrigerant inlet pipe 31a is connected to the upper end of the inlet side header tank 31A, and the refrigerant outlet pipe 31b is connected to the lower end of the outlet side header tank 31B.
Here, the area around the refrigerant inlet pipe 31a is the part immediately after the high-temperature gaseous refrigerant is flown in, so that the area around the refrigerant outlet pipe 31b is the highest. On the other hand, the area around the refrigerant outlet pipe 31b is the refrigerant circulation tube of the tube group 13B. When the liquid refrigerant cooled from 11 flows out and joins, it becomes the lowest temperature.

And by arrange | positioning the refrigerant | coolant inlet pipe 31a and the refrigerant | coolant outlet pipe | tube 31b in the farthest diagonal position of the inlet / outlet side header tank 31, as mentioned above, the area | region which becomes the highest temperature in a heat exchanger, and the lowest temperature. Can be as far away as possible. Therefore, heat exchange between the high temperature region and the low temperature region is suppressed, and good thermal efficiency can be maintained.

Moreover, the strength of the tank is improved by integrating it as the inlet / outlet header tank 31, and the heat exchangers are obtained by connecting and supporting the

tube groups

13A and 13B to the integrated tanks on both sides in the tube axial direction. 1 that the overall strength is improved, and that the refrigerant flow tubes 11 of both the

tube groups

13A and 13B can be simultaneously assembled in the integrated tank, and the manufacturing efficiency of the heat exchanger is improved. This is the same as in the second embodiment.

In addition, for example, the inlet / outlet header tank 31A and the intermediate header tank 31B are generalized using members having the same outer shape, and the partition wall 32 is formed by connecting separate partition plates, thereby reducing the cost. Reduction can be achieved.

In the embodiment described above, the vehicle interior heat exchanger 1 is configured to be switched between the operation of the condenser and the evaporator. However, the condenser and the evaporator are separately provided in the vehicle interior air passage, and are switched according to the cooling and heating. The configuration according to the present invention can also be applied to the capacitor of the system.

Further, instead of the corrugated fins, a configuration in which a plurality of flat fins that penetrate each refrigerant circulation tube are arranged in the vertical direction may be employed.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Vehicle interior heat exchanger, 2 ... Vehicle exterior heat exchanger, 7 ... Refrigerant piping, 11 ... Refrigerant distribution tube, 13A, 13B ... Tube group, 14A ... Inlet side header tank, 14B ... Outlet side header tank, 14a ... Refrigerant inlet pipe, 14b ... refrigerant outlet pipe, 15 ... intermediate header tank, 21A ... inlet side header tank member, 21B ... outlet side header tank member, 21C, 21D ... plate, 21a ... refrigerant inlet pipe, 21b ... refrigerant outlet pipe, 31 ... Inlet / outlet header tank, 31A ... Inlet / outlet header tank, 31a ... Refrigerant inlet pipe, 31b ... Refrigerant outlet pipe, 32 ... Partition wall, 51 ... Air supply path, 52 ... Fan

Claims

It is a heat exchanger of a vehicle heat pump device that is disposed in an air passage in a vehicle compartment and functions as at least a condenser,
A pair of tube groups in which a plurality of refrigerant flow tubes are stacked are arranged side by side in the air blowing direction of the air passage, facing each other,
On one end side in the axial direction of the refrigerant flow tube,
An inlet-side header tank having a refrigerant inlet and connected in communication with each refrigerant flow tube of one of the tube groups;
An outlet-side header tank having a refrigerant outlet and communicating and connecting each refrigerant flow tube of the other tube group;
Are arranged separately and spaced apart from each other,
A vehicle interior heat exchanger characterized in that one intermediate header tank in which the refrigerant flow tubes of the pair of tube groups are connected in communication is disposed on the other axial end of the refrigerant flow tube.
It is a heat exchanger of a vehicle heat pump device that is disposed in an air passage in a vehicle compartment and functions as at least a condenser,
A pair of tube groups in which a plurality of refrigerant flow tubes are stacked are arranged side by side in the air blowing direction of the air passage, facing each other,
On one end side in the axial direction of the refrigerant flow tube,
An inlet-side header tank having a refrigerant inlet and connected in communication with each refrigerant flow tube of one of the tube groups;
An outlet-side header tank having a refrigerant outlet and communicating and connecting each refrigerant flow tube of the other tube group;
Are integrally disposed through a heat insulating layer,
A vehicle interior heat exchanger characterized in that one intermediate header tank in which the refrigerant flow tubes of the pair of tube groups are connected in communication is disposed on the other axial end of the refrigerant flow tube.
It is a heat exchanger of a vehicle heat pump device that is disposed in an air passage in a vehicle compartment and functions as at least a condenser,
A pair of tube groups in which a plurality of refrigerant flow tubes are stacked are arranged side by side in the air blowing direction of the air passage, facing each other,
On one end side in the axial direction of the refrigerant flow tube,
An inlet-side header tank having a refrigerant inlet and connected in communication with each refrigerant flow tube of one of the tube groups;
An outlet-side header tank having a refrigerant outlet and communicating and connecting each refrigerant flow tube of the other tube group;
Are integrally arranged,
And, the refrigerant inlet and the refrigerant outlet are formed at each end portion of each tank on the opposite side in the refrigerant flow tube stacking direction,
A vehicle interior heat exchanger characterized in that one intermediate header tank in which the refrigerant flow tubes of the pair of tube groups are connected in communication is disposed on the other axial end of the refrigerant flow tube.
The vehicle interior heat according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the plurality of refrigerant flow tubes are arranged in a vertical direction, and the refrigerant outlet is arranged at a lower end portion of the outlet header tank. Exchanger.
The vehicle interior heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the refrigerant inlet and the refrigerant outlet are connected to an external refrigerant pipe outside the vehicle compartment.