WO2011134234A1 - 电池装置和电池容纳装置 - Google Patents

电池装置和电池容纳装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011134234A1
WO2011134234A1 PCT/CN2010/077347 CN2010077347W WO2011134234A1 WO 2011134234 A1 WO2011134234 A1 WO 2011134234A1 CN 2010077347 W CN2010077347 W CN 2010077347W WO 2011134234 A1 WO2011134234 A1 WO 2011134234A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
batteries
upper cover
battery device
technical solution
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PCT/CN2010/077347
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
倪捷
张芳勇
陶一宁
陈校校
盛专成
胡继红
Original Assignee
浙江绿源电动车有限公司
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Priority claimed from CN2010205375171U external-priority patent/CN201845840U/zh
Application filed by 浙江绿源电动车有限公司 filed Critical 浙江绿源电动车有限公司
Publication of WO2011134234A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011134234A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M6/42—Grouping of primary cells into batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/569—Constructional details of current conducting connections for detecting conditions inside cells or batteries, e.g. details of voltage sensing terminals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/213—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to battery technology, and in particular to a battery device and a battery receiving device.
  • lead-acid batteries At present, most of the batteries used in electric bicycles on the market are lead-acid batteries. Because lead-acid batteries are particularly polluting to the environment, a new type of battery device is required on the market to replace lead-acid batteries.
  • lithium-ion batteries do not have environmentally harmful substances, and the same weight of lithium-ion batteries and lead-acid batteries, the capacity of lithium-ion batteries is much higher than that of lead-acid batteries (generally 2 to 3 of lead-acid batteries). Therefore, the use of lithium-ion batteries instead of lead-acid batteries in electric vehicles has become a trend in the future.
  • the performance difference between single-cell lithium-ion batteries exists objectively throughout the life cycle, which leads to a certain section or several lithium-ion batteries in the secondary battery pack.
  • the imbalance in capacity affects the performance of the entire lithium-ion battery pack, which can cause the entire battery pack to collapse in severe cases.
  • the matrix battery pack composed of single-cell lithium-ion batteries, due to the difference in capacity and various performances caused by the power battery technology and the manufacturing process level, the matrix battery pack is liable to cause some lithium ions during use.
  • the battery is overcharged or overdischarged, while other lithium-ion batteries are undercharged or under-discharged, which causes the difference between individual lithium-ion batteries to become larger and larger until the entire large-matrix battery pack cannot be used. This greatly shortens the life of the large matrix battery.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a new protection method for charging and discharging a battery pack, which can solve at least one of the following problems: a device for replacing a new lead-acid battery, which can adopt lithium ion through series and parallel connection A battery pack formed by a battery, and capable of performing capacity equalization treatment on each of the batteries to eliminate the difference in capacity of the lithium ion battery caused by the power battery technology and the manufacturing process level, and also when the battery pack is charged or discharged, One of the single-cell Li-ion batteries is over- or under-voltage protected, as well as overcurrent and overtemperature protection to extend the life of the battery unit.
  • the present invention discloses a battery device comprising: a plurality of batteries, a plurality of batteries connected in parallel forming a parallel battery pack, and a plurality of the parallel battery packs being connected in series with each other.
  • a plurality of batteries can be flexibly combined to obtain a required voltage and current by being connected in parallel and then in series.
  • the method further includes: a balanced resistor network, including a plurality of resistors connected to the plurality of batteries, and at least one resistor between any two of the parallel battery packs to balance The capacity of the battery in each of the parallel battery packs.
  • the equalization resistor network realizes connection of a plurality of batteries, and can equalize the capacity of each battery through a resistor.
  • the equalization resistor network has a conductive contact, and the equalization resistor network connects each of the plurality of batteries through the conductive contact.
  • the conductive contact is a V-shaped elastic piece, wherein the V One end of the type elastic piece has a soldering tip welded to the equalization resistor network, and the other end of the V-shaped elastic piece has a circular protrusion which is in contact with the electrodes of the plurality of batteries.
  • V The type of shrapnel well ensures electrical communication between the plurality of batteries.
  • the contact member is a tower-type conductive spring
  • the tower-type conductive spring is a wire wound into a spiral, the radius of the two ends of the spiral is unequal, and at the end of the larger radius, The end of the wire is used as a soldering tip and soldered to the equalization resistor network.
  • the tower-type conductive springs well ensure electrical communication between the plurality of batteries.
  • the equalization resistance network has a fuse corresponding to each of the plurality of batteries, and the fuse is turned off when subjected to a current exceeding a predetermined value.
  • the use of a fuse can prevent excessive current from flowing out or flowing from the battery to avoid damage to the battery.
  • the fuse has a rated current of 6.3 A and a fuse current of 12.6 A.
  • the method further includes: a charge and discharge protection circuit connected to the plurality of batteries to perform charge and discharge protection on the plurality of batteries.
  • the charge and discharge protection circuit detects each battery and protects against overvoltage, undervoltage, overcurrent, overtemperature, and the like of the battery.
  • the charge and discharge protection circuit includes: a voltage detecting circuit connected to the plurality of batteries, detecting a voltage of each of the plurality of batteries, and inputting to the central control unit;
  • the central control unit is connected to the voltage detecting circuit, and determines, according to the voltage, whether to stop charging or discharging the plurality of batteries by using the bidirectional controllable switch.
  • the charge and discharge protection circuit further includes: a temperature detecting circuit connected between the plurality of batteries and the central control unit to detect each of the plurality of batteries The temperature is input to the central control unit, wherein the central control unit determines whether to stop discharging the plurality of batteries according to the temperature.
  • a temperature detecting circuit connected between the plurality of batteries and the central control unit to detect each of the plurality of batteries The temperature is input to the central control unit, wherein the central control unit determines whether to stop discharging the plurality of batteries according to the temperature.
  • the charge and discharge protection circuit further includes: a current detecting circuit connected between the plurality of batteries and the central control unit, detecting a current output by the plurality of batteries, and inputting And to the central control unit, wherein the central control unit limits the current output by the plurality of batteries according to the current.
  • a current detecting circuit connected between the plurality of batteries and the central control unit, detecting a current output by the plurality of batteries, and inputting And to the central control unit, wherein the central control unit limits the current output by the plurality of batteries according to the current.
  • the charge and discharge protection circuit further includes: a power control circuit connected to the central processing unit, and outputting a power signal through the central control unit to start or stop the voltage detection circuit pair Detection of the plurality of batteries.
  • the charge and discharge protection circuit does not detect the battery device to save power of the battery device.
  • each of the batteries may be independently placed into the housing or from the housing Move out.
  • the battery and the housing can be flexibly selected to match the demand combination.
  • the housing includes: an upper cover plate located at an upper portion of the housing; a lower cover plate located at a lower portion of the housing; and a fixing frame located at the upper cover plate and the lower cover Between the cover plates for accommodating the plurality of batteries.
  • the equalization resistor network is located in the upper cover and the lower cover, and the charge and discharge protection circuit is located in the upper cover.
  • the fixing frame has a plurality of mounting battery holes formed by fixing the battery grid for accommodating the plurality of batteries.
  • the fixed battery grid is disposed laterally or longitudinally within the fixed frame.
  • different placement modes of the fixed battery grid can enable the battery to be flexibly placed.
  • the battery is a lithium ion battery.
  • lithium-ion batteries do not have environmentally damaging substances, and lithium-ion batteries have much higher capacity than lead-acid batteries than lithium-ion batteries of the same weight, making battery devices perform better and last longer. .
  • the invention also discloses a battery receiving device for accommodating a plurality of batteries, comprising: an upper cover plate located at an upper portion of the battery receiving device; a lower cover plate located at a lower portion of the battery receiving device; a fixing frame located at The plurality of batteries are accommodated between the upper cover and the lower cover.
  • the fixing frame has a plurality of mounting battery holes formed by fixing the battery grid, and the plurality of batteries are accommodated.
  • the fixed battery grid is disposed laterally or longitudinally within the fixed frame.
  • different placement modes of the fixed battery grid can enable the battery to be flexibly placed.
  • the fixed battery grid has a vent hole.
  • the plurality of mounting battery holes are arranged in a matrix form.
  • two adjacent three mounting battery holes are arranged in a regular triangle.
  • the fixing frame has heating means for maintaining the temperature in the fixing frame at a predetermined temperature.
  • the heating device can operate the battery at its best performing temperature.
  • the upper cover has a space of a predetermined volume to accommodate a charge and discharge protection circuit applied to the plurality of batteries.
  • the upper cover, the lower cover, and the fixing frame each have a bolt hole, and the upper cover and the lower cover are passed through the bolt hole by using a bolt.
  • the plate and the fixing frame are connected to each other.
  • both the upper cover and the lower cover have a lateral direction and / Or longitudinally arranged stiffeners.
  • the reinforcing ribs make the battery receiving device more secure.
  • the reinforcing rib has a bolt hole thereon, and the equalizing resistor network applied to the plurality of batteries is fixed on the upper cover or the lower cover by using the bolt hole through the bolt hole. .
  • a battery device can be realized, which has better performance and longer life than a lead-acid battery, and can also realize a battery receiving device that can be independently set to suit the battery used.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a battery device in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a battery receiving device in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3A and Figure 3B a top view and a side view, respectively, of a connection of a plurality of batteries in a battery device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a balanced resistor network in a battery device in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a charge and discharge protection circuit in a battery device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIGS. 6A and 6B are schematic views of a V-shaped elastic piece used in a battery device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic illustration of a tower-type conductive spring used in a battery device in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • 8A and 8B are a front view and a rear view, respectively, of an upper cover of a battery receiving device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic illustration of a fixing frame of a battery receiving device in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic illustration of a fixed battery grid of a battery receiving device in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic illustration of a fixed battery grid of a battery receiving device in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic illustration of a lower cover of a battery receiving device in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a general schematic view of a battery device in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a battery device in accordance with the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a battery device including: a plurality of batteries 102.
  • a plurality of batteries connected in parallel form a parallel battery pack, and a plurality of the parallel battery packs are connected in series with each other.
  • a plurality of batteries can be flexibly combined to obtain a required voltage and current by being connected in parallel and then in series.
  • the method further includes: a balanced resistor network, including a plurality of resistors, and the plurality of batteries 102 Connected, at least one resistor between any two of the parallel battery packs to equalize the capacity of the battery in each of the parallel battery packs.
  • the equalization resistor network realizes connection of a plurality of batteries, and can equalize the capacity of each battery through a resistor.
  • the equalization resistor network has a conductive contact, and the equalization resistor network connects each of the plurality of batteries 102 through the conductive contact.
  • the conductive contact is a V-shaped elastic piece, wherein the V One end of the type elastic piece has a soldering tip welded to the equalization resistor network, and the other end of the V-shaped elastic piece has a circular projection which is in contact with the electrodes of the plurality of batteries 102.
  • V The type of shrapnel well ensures electrical communication between the plurality of batteries.
  • the contact member is a tower-type conductive spring
  • the tower-type conductive spring is a coil wound into a spiral, the radius of the two ends of the spiral is not equal, and at the end of the larger radius, the wire is The end is soldered to the equalization resistor network.
  • the tower-type conductive springs well ensure electrical communication between the plurality of batteries.
  • the plurality of batteries 102 are included in the equalization resistor network.
  • Each of the batteries corresponds to a fuse that is disconnected when subjected to a current exceeding a predetermined value.
  • the use of a fuse can prevent excessive current from flowing out or flowing from the battery to avoid damage to the battery.
  • the fuse has a rated current of 6.3 A and a fuse current of 12.6 A.
  • the method further includes: a charge and discharge protection circuit connected to the plurality of batteries 102 to the plurality of batteries 102 Implement charge and discharge protection.
  • the charge and discharge protection circuit detects each battery and protects against overvoltage, undervoltage, overcurrent, overtemperature, and the like of the battery.
  • the charge and discharge protection circuit includes: a voltage detection circuit connected to the plurality of batteries 102 to detect a plurality of batteries The voltage of each battery in 102 is input to a central control unit; the central control unit is connected to the voltage detecting circuit, and based on the voltage, determines whether to stop using the bidirectional controllable switch to the plurality of batteries 102 Charge or discharge.
  • the voltage of the battery is abnormal, the charging or discharging of the battery device is stopped in time to protect the battery device.
  • the charge and discharge protection circuit further includes: a temperature detecting circuit connected to the plurality of batteries 102 Detecting, between the central control unit, a temperature of each of the plurality of batteries 102 and inputting to the central control unit, wherein the central control unit determines whether to cause the Multiple batteries 102 Stop discharging.
  • a temperature detecting circuit connected to the plurality of batteries 102 Detecting, between the central control unit, a temperature of each of the plurality of batteries 102 and inputting to the central control unit, wherein the central control unit determines whether to cause the Multiple batteries 102 Stop discharging.
  • the charge and discharge protection circuit further includes: a current detecting circuit connected to the plurality of batteries 102 Between the central control unit, detecting a current output by the plurality of batteries 102 and inputting to the central control unit, wherein the central control unit pairs the plurality of batteries 102 according to the current The output current is limited.
  • a current detecting circuit connected to the plurality of batteries 102 Between the central control unit, detecting a current output by the plurality of batteries 102 and inputting to the central control unit, wherein the central control unit pairs the plurality of batteries 102 according to the current The output current is limited.
  • the charge and discharge protection circuit further includes: a power control circuit connected to the central processing unit, and outputting a power signal through the central control unit to start or stop the voltage detection circuit to Battery Detection of 102.
  • the charge and discharge protection circuit does not detect the battery device to save power of the battery device.
  • the method further includes: a housing, the plurality of batteries 102 Located in the housing, each battery can be placed into or removed from the housing independently.
  • the battery and the housing can be flexibly selected to match the demand combination.
  • the housing includes: an upper cover located at an upper portion of the housing; a lower cover located at a lower portion of the housing; and a fixing frame located at the upper cover and the lower cover Between, for accommodating the plurality of batteries 102 .
  • the equalization resistor network is located in the upper cover and the lower cover, and the charge and discharge protection circuit is located in the upper cover.
  • the fixing frame has a plurality of mounting battery holes formed by fixing the battery grid for accommodating the plurality of batteries 102. .
  • the fixed battery grid is disposed laterally or longitudinally within the fixed frame.
  • different placement modes of the fixed battery grid can enable the battery to be flexibly placed.
  • the battery is a lithium ion battery.
  • the lithium ion battery does not have a substance that pollutes the environment, and the lithium ion battery has the same capacity as the lead acid battery in the same weight of the lithium ion battery and the lead acid battery, the performance of the battery device is improved. Better and longer life.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a battery receiving device in accordance with the present invention.
  • the present invention also discloses a battery receiving device for accommodating a plurality of batteries, including: an upper cover plate 202 Located at an upper portion of the battery receiving device; a lower cover 204 located at a lower portion of the battery receiving device; and a fixing frame 206 at the upper cover 202 and the lower cover 204 Between the plurality of batteries is accommodated.
  • the fixing frame 206 There are a plurality of mounting battery holes formed by fixing the battery grid to accommodate the plurality of batteries.
  • the fixed battery grid is disposed laterally or longitudinally on the fixed frame 206. Inside. In this technical solution, different placement modes of the fixed battery grid can enable the battery to be flexibly placed.
  • the fixed battery grid has a vent hole.
  • the plurality of mounting battery holes are arranged in a matrix form.
  • the fixing frame 206 has a heating device therein, so that the fixing frame 206 The temperature inside is maintained at a predetermined temperature.
  • the heating device can operate the battery at its best performing temperature.
  • the upper cover 202 There is a space of a predetermined volume to accommodate a charge and discharge protection circuit applied to the plurality of batteries.
  • the upper cover 202, the lower cover 204, and the fixed frame 206 Each of the bolt holes has a bolt hole, and the upper cover plate 202, the lower cover 204, and the fixed frame 206 are connected to each other through the bolt holes.
  • both the upper cover 202 and the lower cover 204 have lateral and / Or longitudinally arranged stiffeners.
  • the reinforcing ribs make the battery receiving device more secure.
  • the reinforcing rib has a bolt hole, and the equalizing resistor network applied to the plurality of batteries is fixed on the upper cover 202 or the lower cover 204 through the bolt hole.
  • Figures 3A and 3B A top view and a side view, respectively, of a connection of a plurality of batteries in a battery device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a lithium ion battery is used in the battery device in this embodiment.
  • Lithium-ion batteries are connected in a matrix (such as 40 batteries for 4 strings) 10)), in the arrangement, the electrodes arranged in parallel are in the same direction, and the cells arranged in series are in the shape of an S, as shown in Figures 3A and 3B.
  • the more batteries in series Figure 3A
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a balanced resistor network in a battery device in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a lithium ion battery is used in the battery device in this embodiment. Based on the current power lithium-ion battery technology and manufacturing process level, the performance difference between individual cells exists objectively throughout its life cycle, which leads to the imbalance of battery capacity in a battery device due to the imbalance of battery capacity. The performance of the entire battery unit can, in severe cases, cause the entire battery unit to collapse. To this end, we have to equalize the capacity of the lithium-ion battery in the battery unit. As shown As shown in Figure 4, a balanced resistor network is used to connect a group of parallel lithium-ion batteries, and the difference in battery capacity is balanced by connecting resistors between the lithium-ion batteries.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of a charge and discharge protection circuit in a battery device in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • a lithium ion battery is used in the battery device in this embodiment.
  • the capacity of overcharge, over discharge and overcurrent and over temperature of lithium ion batteries is much smaller than that of lead-acid batteries, any of the above-mentioned overcharge, overdischarge and overcurrent, and over temperature will cause lithium ions. Damage to the battery even causes the entire battery pack in the entire battery unit to collapse.
  • a charge and discharge protection circuit for overcharging, over-discharging, over-current, and over-temperature protection of a single-cell lithium-ion battery is added to a plurality of lithium-ion batteries in a battery device.
  • the voltage detecting circuit 502 Detecting the voltage of the single cell, the central control unit 508 confirms whether to stop charging or discharging the battery pack in the battery device using the bidirectional controllable switch 510 based on the detected voltage; the current detecting circuit 504 Detecting the current output by the battery pack in the battery device, the central control unit 508 confirms whether to limit the magnitude of the output current based on the detected current; the temperature detecting circuit 506 detects the temperature of the battery device, and the central control unit 508 confirms whether to stop discharging the battery pack in the battery device according to the detected temperature.
  • the power control circuit 512 can control the central control unit 508 to transmit a power signal to stop the voltage detection circuit 502.
  • the detection of the battery device can conserve battery power in the battery device when the battery device is not in use.
  • the charge and discharge protection circuit in this embodiment can effectively protect the battery from damage, extend the service life of the single-cell lithium ion battery, and prolong the service life of the entire battery device.
  • FIGS. 6A and 6B are schematic views of a V-shaped shrapnel used in a battery device in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • V One end of the type of elastic piece has a welding head 602 welded to the equalization resistor network, and the other end of the V-shaped elastic piece has a circular protrusion 604 which is in contact with the electrodes of the plurality of batteries.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic illustration of a tower-type conductive spring used in a battery device in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • a schematic view of a tower type conductive spring used in the present embodiment is a wire wound into a spiral 702 The radius of the ends of the spiral is not equal, and at the end of the larger radius, the wire 702 The end is used as a soldering tip and soldered to the equalization resistor network.
  • 8A and 8B are a front view and a rear view, respectively, of an upper cover of a battery receiving device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the upper cover of the battery containing device in this embodiment has a positive terminal 802 and a negative terminal 804. And respectively for extracting the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery pack housed inside the battery housing device.
  • Bolt hole 806 on the edge of the upper cover For fixing the frame of the battery receiving device by using a screw.
  • the inside of the upper cover has a reinforcing rib 808 , making the upper cover more secure.
  • the upper cover also has a predetermined volume of space to accommodate the charge and discharge protection circuit applied to the battery pack.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic illustration of a fixed frame of a battery receiving device in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the fixing frame in this embodiment has bolt holes 902 for upper and lower covers.
  • the interior of the fixed frame has a fixed battery grid 904, and the fixed battery grid 904 has a vent 906.
  • a fixed battery grid 904 is disposed laterally or longitudinally within the fixed frame to form a battery hole 908 to accommodate the battery.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic illustration of a fixed battery grid of a battery containment device in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the battery grid 1002 is fixed in the fixed frame of the battery receiving device.
  • the plurality of formed battery cells 1004 formed are arranged in a matrix.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic illustration of a fixed battery grid of a battery containment device in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the battery grid 1102 is fixed in the fixed frame of the battery receiving device. Arranged as shown in the figure such that any one of the plurality of battery cells 1104 formed, two or two adjacent battery cells 1104 form a positive triangle.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic illustration of a lower cover of a battery receiving device in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the lower cover in this embodiment has a reinforcing rib 1202. , making the lower cover more secure.
  • the lower cover has a cover bolt hole 1204 for connecting the fixing frame in the battery receiving device.
  • the bottom cover also has a circuit bolt hole 1206 A balanced resistor network for fixing a battery pack applied to a battery receiving device.
  • Figure 13 is an overall schematic view of a battery device in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the housing of the battery device is divided into an upper cover 1302 , the fixed frame 1310, the lower cover 1314 three parts. Among them, a plurality of batteries in the battery device are housed in the fixed frame 1310.
  • the charge and discharge protection circuit 1304 is located in the upper cover 1302 to protect the battery in the battery device from being charged and discharged to avoid damage to the battery caused by overcharge, overdischarge and overcurrent, and over temperature.
  • the equalization resistor network 1306 is located in the upper cover 1302 and the lower cover 1314 for equalizing the capacity of the battery in the battery device to avoid affecting the performance of the plurality of batteries due to the imbalance of a certain section or batteries.
  • the equalization resistor network also has contacts 1308 for connection to the electrodes of the battery to enable series and parallel connection between the cells.
  • a battery device and a battery receiving device can be realized, which can bring the following advantages:
  • the current lead-acid batteries commonly used in electric vehicles are 12V, 14AH and lithium iron phosphate batteries.
  • 1.4AH as an example, if the absolute error of the manufacturing capacity of the two batteries is 2%, if the lithium iron phosphate battery 3.2V, 1.4AH combination becomes 12V, 14AH
  • the matrix battery pack is a matrix of 4 strings of 10, due to the lithium iron phosphate battery 3.2V, 1.4AH
  • the capacity manufacturing error is random, so after combination, the capacity error can cancel each other, ideally it can be offset to zero, so the 12V, 14AH battery pack thus obtained is 12V than the lead-acid battery.
  • the 14AH battery has a much smaller capacity error, making up for manufacturing capacity errors due to power battery technology and manufacturing process limitations.
  • the 14AH battery pack is only 1/3 of the lead-acid battery compared to the 12V, 14AH lead-acid battery. Therefore, the total weight of the electric vehicle is greatly reduced, and it is also easy to remove from the electric vehicle.
  • the battery in the battery device is balanced by a balanced resistor network, and each battery is charged and discharged to avoid overcharging or overdischarging. This will fully protect the battery and extend the life of the battery.
  • the charge and discharge protection circuit uses the single chip microcomputer to realize automatic control, it continuously consumes the battery power.
  • the power control function needs to be added, and the power supply on and off in the charging and discharging protection circuit in the battery device can be controlled by human control, without using the battery.
  • the power can be cut off in time so that it does not consume battery power.
  • the electric vehicle is far away from the time of use, so this function can greatly save battery power.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Description

电池装置和电池容纳装置 技术领域
本发明涉及电池技术，具体而言，涉及一种电池装置以及一种电池容纳装置。
背景技术
目前市场上广泛应用在电动自行车上的电池，绝大多数为铅酸电池，因为铅酸电池对环境污染特别大，所以市场上需求一种新型的电池装置来替代铅酸电池。
由于锂离子电池不具有污染环境的物质，而且相同重量的锂离子电池和铅酸电池相比，锂离子电池的容量比铅酸电池高的多（一般是铅酸电池的 2~3 倍），因此在电动车上采用锂离子电池来代替铅酸电池已成为今后发展的趋势。
基于目前的动力锂离子电池技术与制造工艺水平，单节锂离子电池之间的性能差异在整个寿命周期里客观存在，这就导致了二次电池组中由于某一节或几节锂离子电池的容量的不均衡而影响整个锂离子电池组的性能，严重情况下可能导致整个电池组崩溃。同时，在由单节锂离子电池组合成的矩阵电池组中，由于动力电池技术与制造工艺水平而造成的容量以及各种性能的差异，使得矩阵电池组在使用过程中容易造成某些锂离子电池过充或者过放，而另外一些锂离子电池会出现欠充或者欠放，这样就造成单个锂离子电池之间的差异越来越大，直至整个大矩阵电池组不能使用。这样一来就使大矩阵电池的寿命大大缩短。
因此，需求一种新的替代铅酸电池的装置，能够采用通过串并联锂离子电池形成的电池组，并能对其中的各个电池进行容量均衡处理，来消除由于动力电池技术与制造工艺水平而造成的锂离子电池的容量差异，同时还要在电池组充电或放电时，对其中的单节锂离子电池进行过压或者欠压保护，以及过流和过温保护，以延长电池装置的寿命。
 技术问题
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于，提供一种新的对于电池组充放电的保护方式，能够解决以下问题至少之一：需求一种新的替代铅酸电池的装置，能够采用通过串并联锂离子电池形成的电池组，并能对其中的各个电池进行容量均衡处理，来消除由于动力电池技术与制造工艺水平而造成的锂离子电池的容量差异，同时还要在电池组充电或放电时，对其中的单节锂离子电池进行过压或者欠压保护，以及过流和过温保护，以延长电池装置的寿命。
 技术解决方案
有鉴于此，本发明公开了一种电池装置，包括：多个电池，多个并联的电池形成并联电池组，多个所述并联电池组之间互相串联。在该技术方案，多个电池通过先并联后串联，可以灵活地组合出所需的电压、电流。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，还包括：均衡电阻网络，包括多个电阻，与所述多个电池连接，每个所述并联电池组中任意两个电池之间至少有一个电阻，以均衡每个所述并联电池组中的电池的容量。在该技术方案中，均衡电阻网络实现多个电池的连接，并能够通过电阻对每个电池的容量进行均衡。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述均衡电阻网络中具有导电接触件，所述均衡电阻网络通过所述导电接触件连接所述多个电池中的每个电池。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述导电接触件为 V 型弹片，其中，所述 V 型弹片的一端具有焊接头，焊接在所述均衡电阻网络上，所述 V 型弹片的另一端具有圆形凸起，与所述多个电池的电极接触。在该技术方案中， V 型弹片良好地保证了多个电池之间的电气连通。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述接触件为塔式导电弹簧，所述塔式导电弹簧为盘绕成螺旋的导线，所述螺旋两端的半径不等，且在半径较大的一端，所述导线的末端作为焊接头，焊接在所述均衡电阻网络上。在该技术方案中，塔式导电弹簧良好地保证了多个电池之间的电气连通。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述均衡电阻网络中具有与所述多个电池中的每个电池对应的保险丝，所述保险丝在承受超过预定值的电流时断开。在该技术方案中，使用保险丝能够防止有过大的电流从电池中流出或流入，避免对电池造成损坏。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，上述保险丝的额定电流为 6.3A ，熔断电流为 12.6A 。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，还包括：充放电保护电路，与所述多个电池连接，对所述多个电池实施充放电保护。在该技术方案中，充放电保护电路检测每个电池，并进行保护以防止电池的过压、欠压、过流、过温等情况发生。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述充放电保护电路包括：电压检测电路，连接到多个电池，检测所述多个电池中的每个电池的电压，并输入到中央控制单元；所述中央控制单元，连接至所述电压检测电路，根据所述电压，确定是否停止使用双向可控开关对所述多个电池进行充电或放电。在该技术方案中，在电池的电压异常时，及时停止对电池装置的充电或放电，以保护电池装置。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述充放电保护电路还包括：温度检测电路，连接在所述多个电池与所述中央控制单元之间，检测所述多个电池中的每个电池的温度，并输入到所述中央控制单元，其中，所述中央控制单元根据所述温度，确定是否使所述多个电池停止放电。在该技术方案中，在电池的温度异常时，及时使电池装置停止放电，以保护电池装置。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述充放电保护电路还包括：电流检测电路，连接于所述多个电池与所述中央控制单元之间，检测所述多个电池输出的电流，并输入到所述中央控制单元，其中，所述中央控制单元根据所述电流，对所述多个电池输出的电流进行限制。在该技术方案中，在电池装置输入出的电流异常时，及时控制电流的大小，以保护电池装置。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述充放电保护电路还包括：电源控制电路，连接至所述中央处理单元，通过所述中央控制单元输出电源信号，以启动或停止所述电压检测电路对所述多个电池的检测。在该技术方案中，在电池装置不使用时，充放电保护电路不对电池装置检测，以节省电池装置的电能。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，还包括：壳体，所述多个电池位于所述壳体中，每个电池可以被独立地放置到所述壳体中，或被从所述壳体中移出。在该技术方案中，电池与壳体均可以灵活选择，以搭配出需求的组合。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述壳体包括：上盖板，位于所述壳体的上部；下盖板，位于所述壳体的下部；固定框架，位于所述上盖板与下盖板之间，用于容纳所述多个电池。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述均衡电阻网络位于所述上盖板和所述下盖板中，所述充放电保护电路位于所述上盖板中。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述固定框架中具有通过固定电池栅形成的多个安放电池孔，用于容纳所述多个电池。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述固定电池栅横向或纵向安置在所述固定框架内。在该技术方案中，固定电池栅的不同安置方式，可以使电池可以灵活放置。
在上述技术方案中， 优选地， 所述电池为锂离子电池。 在该技术方案中， 因为锂离子电池不具有污染环境的物质， 而且在相同重量的锂离子电池和铅酸电池相比，锂离子电池的容量比铅酸电池高的多，使得电池装置的性能更好、寿命更长。
本发明还公开了一种电池容纳装置，用于容纳多个电池，包括：上盖板，位于所述电池容纳装置的上部；下盖板，位于所述电池容纳装置的下部；固定框架，位于所述上盖板与所述下盖板之间，容纳所述多个电池。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述固定框架中具有通过固定电池栅形成的多个安放电池孔，容纳所述多个电池。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述固定电池栅横向或纵向安置在所述固定框架内。在该技术方案中，固定电池栅的不同安置方式，可以使电池可以灵活放置。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述固定电池栅上具有通气孔。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述多个安放电池孔按矩阵形式排列。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，两两相邻的三个安放电池孔按正三角排列。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述固定框架内具有加热装置，使所述固定框架内的温度维持在预定温度。在该技术方案中，加热装置可以使电池在其性能最好的温度下工作。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述上盖板中具有预定体积的空间，以容纳应用于所述多个电池的充放电保护电路。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述上盖板、所述下盖板、所述固定框架中均具有螺栓孔，并使用螺栓通过所述螺栓孔将所述上盖板、所述下盖板、所述固定框架互相连接。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述上盖板、所述下盖板中均具有横向和 / 或纵向布置的加强筋。在该技术方案中，加强筋使得电池容纳装置更加牢固。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述加强筋上具有螺栓孔，并使用螺栓通过所述螺栓孔将应用于所述多个电池的均衡电阻网络固定在所述上盖板或下盖板上。
 有益效果
根据上述技术方案，可以实现一种电池装置，相比铅酸电池，性能更好、寿命更长，还可以实现一种电池容纳装置，可以独立进行设置以适应其使用的电池。
 附图说明
图 1 是根据本发明的一个实施例的电池装置的示意图；
图 2 是根据本发明的一个实施例的电池容纳装置的示意图；
图 3A 和图 3B 分别是根据本发明的一个实施例的电池装置中的多个电池的连接的俯视图和侧视图；
图 4 是根据本发明的一个实施例的电池装置中的均衡电阻网络的示意图；
图 5 是根据本发明的一个实施例的电池装置中的充放电保护电路的示意图；
图 6A 和图 6B 是根据本发明的一个实施例的电池装置中使用的 V 型弹片的示意图；
图 7 是根据本发明的一个实施例的电池装置中使用的塔式导电弹簧的示意图；
图 8A 和图 8B 分别是根据本发明的一个实施例的电池容纳装置的上盖板的正面视图和背面视图；
图 9 是根据本发明的一个实施例的电池容纳装置的固定框架的示意图；
图 10 是根据本发明的一个实施例的电池容纳装置的固定电池栅的示意图；
图 11 是根据本发明的一个实施例的电池容纳装置的固定电池栅的示意图；
图 12 是根据本发明的一个实施例的电池容纳装置的下盖板的示意图；
图13是根据本发明的一个实施例的电池装置的整体示意图。
 本发明的最佳实施方式
为了能够更清楚地理解本发明的上述目的、特征和优点，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明进行进一步的详细描述。
在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本发明，但是，本发明还可以采用其他不同于在此描述的其他方式来实施，因此，本发明并不限于下面公开的具体实施例的限制。
图 1 是根据本发明的电池装置的示意图。
如图 1 所示，本发明提供了一种电池装置，包括：多个电池 102 ，多个并联的电池形成并联电池组，多个所述并联电池组之间互相串联。在该技术方案，多个电池通过先并联后串联，可以灵活地组合出所需的电压、电流。
在上述技术方案中，还包括：均衡电阻网络，包括多个电阻，与所述多个电池 102 连接，每个所述并联电池组中任意两个电池之间至少有一个电阻，以均衡每个所述并联电池组中的电池的容量。在该技术方案中，均衡电阻网络实现多个电池的连接，并能够通过电阻对每个电池的容量进行均衡。
在上述技术方案中，所述均衡电阻网络中具有导电接触件，所述均衡电阻网络通过所述导电接触件连接所述多个电池 102 中的每个电池。
在上述技术方案中，所述导电接触件为 V 型弹片，其中，所述 V 型弹片的一端具有焊接头，焊接在所述均衡电阻网络上，所述 V 型弹片的另一端具有圆形凸起，与所述多个电池 102 的电极接触。在该技术方案中， V 型弹片良好地保证了多个电池之间的电气连通。
在上述技术方案中，所述接触件为塔式导电弹簧，所述塔式导电弹簧为盘绕成螺旋的导线，所述螺旋两端的半径不等，且在半径较大的一端，所述导线的末端作为焊接头，焊接在所述均衡电阻网络上。在该技术方案中，塔式导电弹簧良好地保证了多个电池之间的电气连通。
在上述技术方案中，所述均衡电阻网络中具有与所述多个电池 102 中的每个电池对应的保险丝，所述保险丝在承受超过预定值的电流时断开。在该技术方案中，使用保险丝能够防止有过大的电流从电池中流出或流入，避免对电池造成损坏。
在上述技术方案中，上述保险丝的额定电流为 6.3A ，熔断电流为 12.6A 。
在上述技术方案中，还包括：充放电保护电路，与所述多个电池 102 连接，对所述多个电池 102 实施充放电保护。在该技术方案中，充放电保护电路检测每个电池，并进行保护以防止电池的过压、欠压、过流、过温等情况发生。
在上述技术方案中， 所述充放电保护电路包括：电压检测电路，连接到所述多个电池 102 ，检测多个电池 102 中的每个电池的电压，输入到中央控制单元；所述中央控制单元，连接至所述电压检测电路，根据所述电压，确定是否停止使用双向可控开关对所述多个电池 102 进行充电或放电。在该技术方案中，在电池的电压异常时，及时停止对电池装置的充电或放电，以保护电池装置。
在上述技术方案中，所述充放电保护电路还包括：温度检测电路，连接在所述多个电池 102 与所述中央控制单元之间，检测所述多个电池 102 中的每个电池的温度，并输入到所述中央控制单元，其中，所述中央控制单元根据所述温度，确定是否使所述多个电池 102 停止放电。在该技术方案中，在电池的温度异常时，及时使电池装置停止放电，以保护电池装置。
在上述技术方案中，所述充放电保护电路还包括：电流检测电路，连接于所述多个电池 102 与所述中央控制单元之间，检测所述多个电池 102 输出的电流，并输入到所述中央控制单元，其中，所述中央控制单元根据所述电流，对所述多个电池 102 输出的电流进行限制。在该技术方案中，在电池装置输入出的电流异常时，及时控制电流的大小，以保护电池装置。
在上述技术方案中，所述充放电保护电路还包括：电源控制电路，连接至所述中央处理单元，通过所述中央控制单元输出电源信号，以启动或停止所述电压检测电路对所述多个电池 102 的检测。在该技术方案中，在电池装置不使用时，充放电保护电路不对电池装置检测，以节省电池装置的电能。
在上述技术方案中，还包括：壳体，所述多个电池 102 位于所述壳体中，每个电池可以被独立地放置到所述壳体中，或被从所述壳体中移出。在该技术方案中，电池与壳体均可以灵活选择，以搭配出需求的组合。
在上述技术方案中，所述壳体包括：上盖板，位于所述壳体的上部；下盖板，位于所述壳体的下部；固定框架，位于所述上盖板与下盖板之间，用于容纳所述多个电池 102 。
在上述技术方案中，所述均衡电阻网络位于所述上盖板和所述下盖板中，所述充放电保护电路位于所述上盖板中。
在上述技术方案中，所述固定框架中具有通过固定电池栅形成的多个安放电池孔，用于容纳所述多个电池 102 。
在上述技术方案中，所述固定电池栅横向或纵向安置在所述固定框架内。在该技术方案中，固定电池栅的不同安置方式，可以使电池可以灵活放置。
在上述技术方案中，所述电池为锂离子电池。在该技术方案中，因为锂离子电池不具有污染环境的物质，而且在相同重量的锂离子电池和铅酸电池相比，锂离子电池的容量比铅酸电池高的多，使得电池装置的性能更好、寿命更长。
图 2 是根据本发明的电池容纳装置的示意图。
如图 2 所示，本发明还公开了一种电池容纳装置，用于容纳多个电池，包括：上盖板 202 ，位于所述电池容纳装置的上部；下盖板 204 ，位于所述电池容纳装置的下部；固定框架 206 ，位于所述上盖板 202 与所述下盖板 204 之间，容纳所述多个电池。
在上述技术方案中，所述固定框架 206 中具有通过固定电池栅形成的多个安放电池孔，容纳所述多个电池。
在上述技术方案中，所述固定电池栅横向或纵向安置在所述固定框架 206 内。在该技术方案中，固定电池栅的不同安置方式，可以使电池可以灵活放置。
在上述技术方案中，所述固定电池栅上具有通气孔。
在上述技术方案中，所述多个安放电池孔按矩阵形式排列。
在上述技术方案中，两两相邻的三个安放电池孔按正三角排列。
在上述技术方案中，所述固定框架 206 内具有加热装置，使所述固定框架 206 内的温度维持在预定温度。在该技术方案中，加热装置可以使电池在其性能最好的温度下工作。
在上述技术方案中，所述上盖板 202 中具有预定体积的空间，以容纳应用于所述多个电池的充放电保护电路。
在上述技术方案中，所述上盖板 202 、所述下盖板 204 、所述固定框架 206 中均具有螺栓孔，并使用螺栓通过所述螺栓孔将所述上盖板 202 、所述下盖板 204 、所述固定框架 206 互相连接。
在上述技术方案中，所述上盖板 202 、所述下盖板 204 中均具有横向和 / 或纵向布置的加强筋。在该技术方案中，加强筋使得电池容纳装置更加牢固。
在上述技术方案中，所述加强筋上具有螺栓孔，并使用螺栓通过所述螺栓孔将应用于所述多个电池的均衡电阻网络固定在所述上盖板202或下盖板204上。
 本发明的实施方式
图 3A 和 3B 分别是根据本发明的一个实施例的电池装置中的多个电池的连接的俯视图和侧视图。
本实施例中的电池装置中使用的是锂离子电池。锂离子电池采用矩阵连接方式（如 40 个电池进行 4 串 10 并），在排列上，并联的电池排列的电极方向一致，而串联的电池排列方向呈 S 形，如图 3A 和图 3B 所示。串联的电池数量越多（图 3A 中横向排列的电池越多），则电池装置的电压越大，并联的电池数量越多（图 3A 中纵向排列的电池越多），则电池装置的容量越大。
图 4 是根据本发明的一个实施例的电池装置中的均衡电阻网络的示意图。
本实施例中的电池装置中使用的是锂离子电池。基于目前的动力锂离子电池技术与制造工艺水平，单个电池之间的性能差异在其整个寿命周期里客观存在，这就导致了电池装置中由于某一节或几节电池容量的不均衡而影响整个电池装置的性能，严重情况下可能导致整个电池装置崩溃。为此，我们要对电池装置中的锂离子电池的容量进行均衡处理。如图 4 所示，采用均衡电阻网络连接一组并联的锂离子电池，通过在锂离子电池之间连接电阻，以均衡电池容量的差异。
图 5 是根据本发明的一个实施例的电池装置中的充放电保护电路的示意图。
本实施例中的电池装置中使用的是锂离子电池。鉴于锂离子电池的过充、过放和过流以及过温的能力远小于铅酸电池，因此上面所述的过充、过放和过流以及过温的任何一种发生，都会导致锂离子电池的损坏，甚至使整个电池装置中的电池组的整体崩溃。针对此问题，如图 5 所示，对电池装置中的多个锂离子电池增加了对单节锂离子电池进行过充、过放和过流以及过温进行保护的充放电保护电路。其中，电压检测电路 502 检测单节电池的电压，中央控制单元 508 根据检测到的电压确认是否使用双向可控开关 510 停止电池装置中的电池组的充电或放电；电流检测电路 504 检测电池装置中的电池组输出的电流，中央控制单元 508 根据检测到的电流确认是否对输出电流大小进行限制；温度检测电路 506 检测电池装置的温度，中央控制单元 508 根据检测到的温度确认是否使所述电池装置中的电池组停止放电。电源控制电路 512 可以控制中央控制单元 508 发送电源信号，以停止电压检测电路 502 、电流检测电路 504 、温度检测电路 506 对电池装置的检测，可在电池装置不使用时节省电池装置中电池的电能。本实施例中的充放电保护电路可以有效地保护电池免受损坏，延长单节锂离子电池的使用寿命，也同时延长了整个电池装置的使用寿命。
图 6A 和图 6B 是根据本发明的一个实施例的电池装置中使用的 V 型弹片的示意图。
在整个电池装置的设计过程中，最重要的、也是最难的就是接触件的设计，其好坏，决定了电池之间电气连通的好坏。如图 6A 和 6B 所示， V 型弹片的一端具有焊接头 602 ，焊接在均衡电阻网络上， V 型弹片的另一端具有圆形凸起 604 ，与多个电池的电极接触。
图 7 是根据本发明的一个实施例的电池装置中使用的塔式导电弹簧的示意图。
如图 7 所示，为本实施例中使用的塔式导电弹簧的示意图。塔式导电弹簧为盘绕成螺旋的导线 702 ，螺旋两端的半径不等，且在半径较大的一端，导线 702 的末端作为焊接头，焊接在均衡电阻网络上。通过使用塔式导电弹簧，良好地保证了多个电池之间的电气连通。
图 8A 和 8B 分别是根据本发明的一个实施例的电池容纳装置的上盖板的正面视图和背面视图。
如图 8A 和 8B 所示，本实施例中的电池容纳装置的上盖板有正极端子 802 和负极端子 804 ，分别用于引出容纳于电池容纳装置内部的电池组的正极和负极。上盖板的边缘上具有螺栓孔 806 ，用于通过使用螺丝连接电池容纳装置的固定框架。上盖板的内部具有加强筋 808 ，使得上盖板更加的牢固。上盖板中还具有预定体积的空间，以容纳应用于电池组的充放电保护电路。
图 9 是根据本发明的一个实施例的电池容纳装置的固定框架的示意图。
如图 9 所示，本实施例中的固定框架上具有用于上盖板和下盖板的螺栓孔 902 。固定框架的内部具有固定电池栅 904 ，固定电池栅 904 上具有通气孔 906 。固定电池栅 904 横向或纵向安置在所述固定框架内，形成安放电池孔 908 ，以容纳电池。
图 10 是根据本发明的一个实施例的电池容纳装置的固定电池栅的示意图。
如图 10 所示，在电池容纳装置的固定框架内，固定电池栅 1002 按图中所示进行布置，使得形成的多个安放电池孔 1004 排列成为矩阵。
图 11 是根据本发明的一个实施例的电池容纳装置的固定电池栅的示意图。
如图 11 所示，在电池容纳装置的固定框架内，固定电池栅 1102 按图中所示进行布置，使得形成的多个安放电池孔 1104 中，两两相邻的任意三个安放电池孔 1104 形成正三角。
图 12 是根据本发明的一个实施例的电池容纳装置的下盖板的示意图。
如图 12 所示，本实施例中的下盖板上具有加强筋 1202 ，使得下盖板更加牢固。下盖板上具有盖板螺栓孔 1204 ，以连接电池容纳装置中的固定框架。下盖板上还具有电路螺栓孔 1206 ，用于固定应用于电池容纳装置中的电池组的均衡电阻网络。
图 13 是根据本发明的一个实施例的电池装置的整体示意图。
如图13所示，为本实施例中的电池装置的整体结构。电池装置的壳体分为上盖板1302 、固定框架1310、下盖板1314三部分。其中，电池装置中的多个电池容纳于固定框架1310中。充放电保护电路1304位于上盖板1302中，对电池装置中的电池进行充放电保护，以避免过充、过放和过流以及过温等情况对电池造成损害。均衡电阻网络1306位于上盖板1302和下盖板1314中，用于均衡电池装置中的电池的容量，以避免由于某一节或某几节电池的不均衡而影响多个电池的性能。均衡电阻网络上还具有接触件1308，以和电池的电极相连，实现电池之间的串联和并联。
 工业实用性
综上所述，根据本发明的技术方案可以实现一种电池装置和一种电池容纳装置，可带来以下优点：
1 、由于目前的动力电池技术与制造工艺水平的限制，单节电池之间的容量差异均客观存在，以目前电动车上常用的铅酸电池 12V 、 14AH 和磷酸铁锂电池 3.2V 、 1.4AH 为例说明，如果两种电池的制造容量的绝对误差均为 2% ，如果采用磷酸铁锂电池 3.2V 、 1.4AH 组合成为 12V 、 14AH 的矩阵电池组的话，为 4 串 10 并的矩阵，由于磷酸铁锂电池 3.2V 、 1.4AH 的容量制造误差是随机的，因此通过组合后，其容量误差可以相互抵消，理想情况下可以抵消为零，因此这样组合得到的 12V 、 14AH 电池组比铅酸电池 12V 、 14AH 的电池的容量误差小的多，弥补了由于动力电池技术与制造工艺水平的限制带来的制造上的容量误差。
2 、用 4 串 10 并的 3.2V 、 1.4AH 的磷酸铁锂离子电池组成 12V 、 14AH 的电池单元包，与 12V 、 14AH 的铅酸电池相比较，其重量只接近铅酸电池的 1/3 ，因此使得电动车总重量大大减少，同时也便于从电动车上卸下来。
3 、对电池装置内的电池进行使用均衡电阻网络进行容量均衡，并同时对每个电池进行充放电保护，避免过充或者过放。由此可以充分保护电池，延长电池的使用寿命。
4 、由于充放电保护电路是利用单片机来实现自动控制，因此其不断地消耗电池的电能。为了使电池在不用状态下，使充放电保护电路不消耗电池电能，则需要增加了电源控制功能，通过人为控制，可以控制电池装置中的充放电保护电路中的电源通断，在不用电池的情况下，可以及时切断电源，使其不消耗电池的电能。电动车在不用的时间远超过使用的时间，因此通过此功能，能大大节省电池的电能。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (29)

1．一种电池装置，其特征在于，包括：
多个电池，多个并联的电池形成并联电池组，多个所述并联电池组之间互相串联。
2．根据权利要求 1 所述的电池装置，其特征在于，还包括：
均衡电阻网络，包括多个电阻，与所述多个电池连接，每个所述并联电池组中任意两个电池之间至少有一个电阻，以均衡每个所述并联电池组中的电池的容量。
3. 根据权利要求2所述的电池装置，其特征在于，所述均衡电阻网络中具有导电接触件，所述均衡电阻网络通过所述导电接触件连接所述多个电池中的每个电池。
4．根据权利要求3所述的电池装置，其特征在于，所述导电接触件为V型弹片，其中，所述V型弹片的一端具有焊接头，焊接在所述均衡电阻网络上，所述V型弹片的另一端具有圆形凸起，与所述多个电池的电极接触。
5．根据权利要求3所述的电池装置，其特征在于，所述接触件为塔式导电弹簧，所述塔式导电弹簧为盘绕成螺旋的导线，所述螺旋两端的半径不等，且在半径较大的一端，所述导线的末端作为焊接头，焊接在所述均衡电阻网络上。
6．根据权利要求2所述的电池装置，其特征在于，所述均衡电阻网络中具有与所述多个电池中的每个电池对应的保险丝，所述保险丝在承受超过预定值的电流时断开。
7．根据权利要求6所述的电池装置，其特征在于，所述保险丝的额定电流为6.3A，熔断电流为12.6A。
8．根据权利要求2所述的电池装置，其特征在于，还包括：充放电保护电路，与所述多个电池连接，对所述多个电池实施充放电保护。
9．根据权利要求8所述的电池装置，其特征在于，所述充放电保护电路包括：
电压检测电路，连接到所述多个电池，检测所述多个电池中的每个电池的电压，并输入到中央控制单元；
所述中央控制单元，连接至所述电压检测电路，根据所述电压，确定是否停止使用双向可控开关对所述多个电池进行充电或放电。
10．根据权利要求9所述的电池装置，其特征在于，所述充放电保护电路还包括：
温度检测电路，连接在所述多个电池与所述中央控制单元之间，检测所述多个电池中的每个电池的温度，并输入到所述中央控制单元，
其中，所述中央控制单元根据所述温度，确定是否使所述多个电池停止充电或者放电。
11．根据权利要求9所述的电池装置，其特征在于，所述充放电保护电路还包括：
电流检测电路，连接于所述多个电池与所述中央控制单元之间，检测所述多个电池输入或者输出的电流，并输入到所述中央控制单元，
其中，所述中央控制单元根据所述电流，确定是否使所述多个电池停止充电或者放电。
12．根据权利要求9所述的电池装置，其特征在于，所述充放电保护电路还包括：
电源控制电路，连接至所述中央处理单元，通过所述中央控制单元输出电源信号，以启动或停止所述电压检测电路对所述多个电池的检测。
13．根据权利要求8所述的电池装置，其特征在于，还包括：
壳体，所述多个电池位于所述壳体中，每个电池可以被独立地放置到所述壳体中，或被从所述壳体中移出。
14．根据权利要求13所述的电池装置，其特征在于，所述壳体包括：
上盖板，位于所述壳体的上部；
下盖板，位于所述壳体的下部；
固定框架，位于所述上盖板与下盖板之间，用于容纳所述多个电池。
15．根据权利要求14所述的电池装置，其特征在于，所述均衡电阻网络位于所述上盖板和所述下盖板中，所述充放电保护电路位于所述上盖板中。
16．根据权利要求14所述的电池装置，其特征在于，所述固定框架中具有通过固定电池栅形成的多个安放电池孔，用于容纳所述多个电池。
17．根据权利要求16所述的电池装置，其特征在于，所述固定电池栅横向或纵向安置在所述固定框架内。
18. 根据权利要求1至17中任一项所述的电池装置，其特征在于，所述电池为锂离子电池。
19．一种电池容纳装置，用于容纳多个电池，其特征在于，包括：
上盖板，位于所述电池容纳装置的上部；
下盖板，位于所述电池容纳装置的下部；
固定框架，位于所述上盖板与所述下盖板之间，容纳所述多个电池。
20．根据权利要求19所述的电池容纳装置，其特征在于，所述固定框架中具有通过固定电池栅形成的多个安放电池孔，容纳所述多个电池。
21．根据权利要求20所述的电池容纳装置，其特征在于，所述固定电池栅横向或纵向安置在所述固定框架内。
22．根据权利要求20所述的电池容纳装置，其特征在于，所述固定电池栅上具有通气孔。
23．根据权利要求20所述的电池装置，其特征在于，所述多个安放电池孔按矩阵形式排列。
24．根据权利要求20所述的电池装置，其特征在于，两两相邻的三个安放电池孔按正三角排列。
25．根据权利要求19所述的电池容纳装置，其特征在于，所述固定框架内具有加热装置，使所述固定框架内的温度维持在预定温度。
26．根据权利要求19至25所述的电池容纳装置，其特征在于，所述上盖板中具有预定体积的空间，以容纳应用于所述多个电池的充放电保护电路。
27．根据权利要求19至25中任一项所述的电池容纳装置，其特征在于，所述上盖板、所述下盖板、所述固定框架中均具有螺栓孔，并使用螺栓通过所述螺栓孔将所述上盖板、所述下盖板、所述固定框架互相连接。
28．根据权利要求19至25中任一项所述的电池容纳装置，其特征在于，所述上盖板、所述下盖板中均具有横向和/或纵向布置的加强筋。
29．根据权利要求28所述的电池容纳装置，其特征在于，所述加强筋上具有螺栓孔，并使用螺栓通过所述螺栓孔将应用于所述多个电池的均衡电阻网络固定在所述上盖板或下盖板上。
PCT/CN2010/077347 2010-04-28 2010-09-27 电池装置和电池容纳装置 WO2011134234A1 (zh)

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