WO2011132675A1 - Matériau absorbant l'eau - Google Patents

Matériau absorbant l'eau Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011132675A1
WO2011132675A1 PCT/JP2011/059629 JP2011059629W WO2011132675A1 WO 2011132675 A1 WO2011132675 A1 WO 2011132675A1 JP 2011059629 W JP2011059629 W JP 2011059629W WO 2011132675 A1 WO2011132675 A1 WO 2011132675A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
soft tissue
oil palm
trunk
water absorption
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Application number
PCT/JP2011/059629
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
昭彦 小杉
▲隆▼ 森
隆益 荒井
善則 村田
Original Assignee
独立行政法人国際農林水産業研究センター
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 独立行政法人国際農林水産業研究センター filed Critical 独立行政法人国際農林水産業研究センター
Priority to CN201180030545.1A priority Critical patent/CN102946992B/zh
Publication of WO2011132675A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011132675A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
    • B01J20/24—Naturally occurring macromolecular compounds, e.g. humic acids or their derivatives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
    • B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
    • B01J2220/48—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation
    • B01J2220/4812—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation the starting material being of organic character
    • B01J2220/485—Plants or land vegetals, e.g. cereals, wheat, corn, rice, sphagnum, peat moss
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
    • B01J2220/50—Aspects relating to the use of sorbent or filter aid materials
    • B01J2220/68—Superabsorbents

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a naturally derived water-absorbing material.
  • a highly water-absorbing material is a material that can absorb water from several tens to several thousand times its own weight.
  • a highly water-absorbing resin having a water absorption performance of 10 g or more per 1 g of resin. It stipulates.
  • a resin obtained by cross-linking sodium polyacrylate with N—N′-methylenebisacrylamide is widely used as a typical synthetic superabsorbent resin.
  • Synthetic superabsorbent resins are widely used in disposable hygiene products and the like, but their biodegradability is low, and their disposal method is problematic.
  • Starch which is a naturally derived material, or cellulose such as pulp or paper has water absorbency, and is superior to synthetic superabsorbent resins in terms of biodegradability.
  • the water absorption of cellulose is due to the capillary phenomenon between the fibers, and does not reach the synthetic high water absorption resin.
  • the water-absorbing material derived from starch has low water absorption performance and is not classified as high water absorption. Furthermore, since starch becomes slurry when absorbed, it is difficult to handle.
  • xanthan gum-derived polymers (Patent Document 1) and Karaya gum-derived polymers (Patent Document 2) are known as highly water-absorbing materials mainly composed of naturally occurring polysaccharides.
  • xanthan gum and karaya gum which are naturally derived polysaccharides, are water-soluble and, like starch, dissolve when water is absorbed and are difficult to handle.
  • Patent Document 1 heats xanthan gum at 90 ° C. to 120 ° C. or mixes it with a poor solvent for xanthan gum.
  • Patent Document 2 polycarboxylic acid is added to Karaya gum and then heated at 120 ° C. to 180 ° C. for surface crosslinking.
  • it is generally necessary to perform extraction and purification operations from natural materials, and further, in order to insolubilize the materials, such as Karaya gum and xanthan gum. Need.
  • Today there is a demand for naturally-derived water-absorbing materials that can reduce the running cost without adding the availability and processing of the materials.
  • the present invention provides a water-absorbing material that is obtained from an oil palm trunk and is mainly composed of a fine particulate material called a soft tissue in the trunk.
  • the soft tissue in the oil palm trunk is a fine particulate material present in the woody part inside the trunk.
  • the water-absorbing material of the present invention can be obtained, for example, by drying the felled oil palm trunk and separating the soft tissue from the solid content in the wood part.
  • the water-absorbing material of the present invention is a naturally-derived material and can be used in various fields such as animal excreta treatment, feed additives, agricultural and horticultural materials.
  • animal excreta treatment e.g., cowpoxa treatment
  • feed additives e.g., talc, karaya gum
  • heat treatment or the like e.g., heat treatment or the like
  • Oil palm is a plant of the palm family that is cultivated to collect palm oil, and is cut and replanted approximately every 25 years in order to maintain oil and fat productivity.
  • about 40 million hectares of replanting is currently being carried out annually, so about 30 million tons of oil palm has been harvested.
  • the trunk is hardly reused and it is left as it is. ing.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the oil palm trunk cut in the longitudinal direction as indicated by broken lines in FIG.
  • the oil palm trunk constitutes a woody part composed of a soft tissue 1, a vascular bundle 2 and a bark 3. Since the outer layer portion near the bark 3 has a relatively low water content, the outer layer portion is used for plywood only in the outer layer portion.
  • the soft tissue 1 and the vascular bundle 2 it has only been studied to hydrolyze and use as a raw material for ethanol fermentation, and its use has not been established yet.
  • the oil palm trunk can be easily divided into fine powdery solid solids and acicular solids with a sieve after drying the water-insoluble component after collecting the sap, that is, the juice residue.
  • the powdery fine particulate solid is called soft tissue. It is also possible to dry the felled oil palm trunk without squeezing the sap and separate the soft tissue from the woody part.
  • the soft structure of oil palm that is, the water-absorbing material of the present invention has a porous structure in which fine pores are densely packed, and this porous structure is considered to play an important role in water absorption performance.
  • Oil palm soft tissue can be obtained by simply defibrating and drying the wood part of the oil palm trunk tree, and does not require additional treatment such as heat treatment at high temperatures. Therefore, the running cost can be reduced as compared with the extraction and purification of polysaccharides.
  • the soft tissue of oil palm swells when water is added, but is not gel-like when it does not contain water.
  • a major feature is that even if salts and organic components are contained in the moisture, the water absorption capacity of the soft tissue hardly changes. For this reason, soft tissue is applied to water-absorbing articles intended to absorb body fluids such as urine, sweat, saliva and blood, such as paper diapers, portable toilets, pet urine absorbing materials, meat and fish freshness-retaining materials, etc. can do.
  • water-absorbing articles for civil engineering materials that absorb mud, river water, seawater, soil and fertilizers can be used as soil improvement materials, or agricultural and horticultural materials such as water retention materials in dry land It can be used in a wide range, for example, as a water-absorbing article.
  • the soft tissue may be used alone, for example, by wrapping it with a cloth or non-woven fabric to form a water-absorbing article.
  • the water-absorbing material of the present invention may be preliminarily mixed with water and mixed with inorganic matter, soil or fertilizer.
  • the oil palm trunk is divided into a hard bark surrounding the outside and a yellowish white wood part.
  • the bark of the felled oil palm was removed, the woody part was squeezed, and the solid residue after squeezing the sap was dried at 60 ° C. for 1 to 3 days.
  • the dried product was lightly pulverized in a mortar and fractionated with a sieve, it could be divided into fine powdery particles, ie soft tissue (diameter of about 30 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m), and needle-like solid solids, ie vascular bundles. .
  • a soft tissue image is shown in FIG. 3, and a vascular bundle image is shown in FIG. It can be seen that the soft tissue is fine powdery particles and the vascular bundle is in a needle-like form.
  • about 50 to 60% of the wood part was soft tissue and the rest was vascular bundle.
  • Soft tissue and vascular bundles were dried at 70 ° C. for 1 day. 1 g of each solid content was weighed and placed in a tea bag under conditions that allow free swelling (size of bag that does not rupture even if it absorbs water 100 times) and was immersed in 1 liter of distilled water at 20 ° C. for 1 hour. Thereafter, the tea bag was suspended for 3 hours to drain water, then weighed (20 ° C.), and the water absorption capacity was determined from the following formula from the weight difference before and after immersion. The results are shown in Table 1.
  • microcrystalline cellulose powder (Sigma Cell; Sigma Aldrich), cellulose powder (Whatman), starch (from corn; Wako Pure Chemical), silica gel (Wako Pure Chemical), agar (for microbial culture; Wako Pure Chemical), 1 g each of duran gum (Wako Pure Chemical Industries) was weighed, placed in a tea bag under conditions that allow free swelling (size of bag that does not burst even if it absorbs water 100 times), and was immersed in 1 liter of distilled water at 20 ° C. for 1 hour.
  • the tea bag was suspended for 3 hours to drain water, and then weighed (20 ° C.) (this was referred to as the resin amount after immersion), and the water absorption ratio was determined from the weight difference from the resin amount before immersion. The results are shown in Table 1.
  • the solid content obtained from the oil palm trunk, particularly the soft tissue has very high water absorption performance.
  • the vascular bundle had a water absorption ratio of 1.4 times, while the soft tissue showed a water absorption ratio of about 20 times. That is, it can be seen that the water-absorbing material of the present invention has performance comparable to that of the highly water-absorbent resin specified in JIS Method-K-7223.
  • the solid content from oil palm trunk is known to contain cellulose and hemicellulose as a constituent component, and a small amount of starch, but it is extremely high compared to the commercially available cellulose and starch components listed as comparative examples. It showed water absorption ability. Therefore, the water-absorbing performance of this soft tissue has shown that it has the water-absorbing ability by the function or structure different from the water-absorbing ability which a cellulose and starch have. Moreover, it turns out that the water absorption capacity
  • FIG. 5 reveals that the soft tissue has a structure in which fine porous structures such as egg shells are densely packed.
  • FIG. 6 it can be seen that fine pores are not densely packed in the vascular part, and that the structure is completely heterogeneous.
  • the soft tissue was immersed in 0.05M phosphate buffer pH 5.5, and then excess water was removed with gauze and transferred to a petri dish, and the soil containing microorganisms was reduced to about 0. Mixed with 5 g, spread flat to make a solid medium and cultured at 30 ° C. Vigorous growth of filamentous fungi was mainly confirmed on the second day of culture.
  • 1 ml of commercially available mold enzyme (Sigma, Cellulase) is added to 1 g of soft tissue and reacted in an acetate buffer (pH 5.0) for 48 hours. I let you.
  • the decomposition solution was centrifuged at 14,000 rpm at 4 ° C. for 5 minutes, and the supernatant was diluted with distilled water to an appropriate concentration, and the sugar composition was measured.
  • Each free sugar contained in the decomposition solution was measured by high performance liquid chromatography (Prominence, manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) using a differential refraction detector with an Aminex HPX-87P column (Bio-Rad).
  • High performance liquid chromatography Prominence, manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation
  • Aminex HPX-87P column Bio-Rad
  • the high water absorption performance of the soft tissue prepared from the oil palm trunk depends on its unique porous structural characteristics, and further has biodegradability. . Therefore, the solid content prepared from the oil palm trunk, particularly the soft tissue, can be used as a highly water-absorbing material.
  • the water-absorbing material of the present invention may be wrapped in a water-permeable material such as paper or cloth to make a water-absorbing article.
  • a water-permeable material such as paper or cloth
  • water absorption performance hardly deteriorates even in solutions containing high salt concentrations such as seawater or flammable organic solvents. It can also be used as a poor environmental improvement material in the region. It can also be used as a soil conditioner that absorbs moisture and gradually releases the absorbed moisture.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention a pour objet un matériau absorbant l'eau - qui comprend en tant que composant principal un matériau particulaire menu qui est obtenu à partir de troncs de palmier à huile et qui est appelé parenchyme qui est présent dans les troncs — le parenchyme susmentionné ayant des caractéristiques structurales poreuses, et possédant l'excellente caractéristique de performance d'absorption de l'eau diminuant très peu même par rapport à des liquides contenant des solvants organiques ou des liquides possédant une concentration élevée en sel tels que l'eau de mer.
PCT/JP2011/059629 2010-04-20 2011-04-19 Matériau absorbant l'eau WO2011132675A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201180030545.1A CN102946992B (zh) 2010-04-20 2011-04-19 吸水性原材料

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2010-097436 2010-04-20
JP2010097436A JP2011224479A (ja) 2010-04-20 2010-04-20 吸水性素材

Publications (1)

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WO2011132675A1 true WO2011132675A1 (fr) 2011-10-27

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JP (1) JP2011224479A (fr)
CN (1) CN102946992B (fr)
MY (1) MY171656A (fr)
WO (1) WO2011132675A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2014019036A (ja) * 2012-07-17 2014-02-03 Mywood 2 Kk オイルパーム圧密材
EP3424591A4 (fr) * 2016-03-01 2019-10-09 Biosolvit Indústria, Comércio E Distribuição De Fibras Vegetais E Productus Derivados LTDA Procédé d'obtention d'absorbeur d'hydrocarbures et produit obtenu

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2016159402A1 (fr) * 2015-03-30 2016-10-06 주식회사 아시아모빌 Composition de papier utilisant le tronc de palmier à huile et son procédé de préparation
KR101771606B1 (ko) * 2015-07-24 2017-08-28 아시아나노셀룰로오스 주식회사 비목질계 바이오매스를 활용한 나노셀룰로오스 및 이를 포함하는 화장료 조성물, 고흡수성 소재
JP7260861B2 (ja) * 2017-05-25 2023-04-19 株式会社パームホルツ ヤシ材の利用方法
CN112604389A (zh) * 2020-11-13 2021-04-06 无锡华南钢结构环保有限公司 一种燃机进气系统用的水雾分离器

Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4604136B1 (ja) * 2009-06-16 2010-12-22 株式会社 東亜興業 パルプ製造装置、パルプ製造方法及び高濃度パルパー

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JPH0671171A (ja) * 1992-06-17 1994-03-15 Masanaka Watanabe 吸着剤、トロピカルパーム
JPH11293677A (ja) * 1998-04-14 1999-10-26 Kanegafuchi Chem Ind Co Ltd 植生基材
JP3969913B2 (ja) * 1999-11-19 2007-09-05 正中 渡邉 生ゴミの処理方法及びその処理製品
JP4665261B2 (ja) * 2008-06-19 2011-04-06 株式会社北海道エコシス 撥水性を有する油吸着材

Patent Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4604136B1 (ja) * 2009-06-16 2010-12-22 株式会社 東亜興業 パルプ製造装置、パルプ製造方法及び高濃度パルパー

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
TOMIMURA, YOICHI: "Chemical Characteristics of Oil Palm Trunk, Bulletin of FFPRI", BULL. FOR. & FOR. PROD. RES. INST., no. 362, 1992, pages 133 - 142 *
YUTAKA MORI ET AL.: "Ethanol and Lactic Acid Production from Oil Palm Trunk", THE JAPAN INSTITUTE OF ENERGY, 2 August 2007 (2007-08-02), pages 196 - 197 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2014019036A (ja) * 2012-07-17 2014-02-03 Mywood 2 Kk オイルパーム圧密材
EP3424591A4 (fr) * 2016-03-01 2019-10-09 Biosolvit Indústria, Comércio E Distribuição De Fibras Vegetais E Productus Derivados LTDA Procédé d'obtention d'absorbeur d'hydrocarbures et produit obtenu

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Publication number Publication date
MY171656A (en) 2019-10-22
CN102946992A (zh) 2013-02-27
JP2011224479A (ja) 2011-11-10
CN102946992B (zh) 2014-12-17

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