WO2011113975A2 - Shock absorbing device for seabed dredgers - Google Patents

Shock absorbing device for seabed dredgers Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011113975A2
WO2011113975A2 PCT/ES2011/000080 ES2011000080W WO2011113975A2 WO 2011113975 A2 WO2011113975 A2 WO 2011113975A2 ES 2011000080 W ES2011000080 W ES 2011000080W WO 2011113975 A2 WO2011113975 A2 WO 2011113975A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tube
flange
fixed
steel tube
welded
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2011/000080
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
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WO2011113975A3 (en
Inventor
Agustín Prudencio MARTINEZ
Original Assignee
Demoliciones Tecnicas S.A. (Detecsa)
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Publication of WO2011113975A2 publication Critical patent/WO2011113975A2/en
Publication of WO2011113975A3 publication Critical patent/WO2011113975A3/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/88—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with arrangements acting by a sucking or forcing effect, e.g. suction dredgers
    • E02F3/90—Component parts, e.g. arrangement or adaptation of pumps
    • E02F3/905—Manipulating or supporting suction pipes or ladders; Mechanical supports or floaters therefor; pipe joints for suction pipes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/06—Floating substructures as supports
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/24—Safety devices, e.g. for preventing overload
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F1/00—Springs
    • F16F1/02—Springs made of steel or other material having low internal friction; Wound, torsion, leaf, cup, ring or the like springs, the material of the spring not being relevant
    • F16F1/04—Wound springs
    • F16F1/12—Attachments or mountings
    • F16F1/128—Attachments or mountings with motion-limiting means, e.g. with a full-length guide element or ball joint connections; with protective outer cover

Definitions

  • Impact absorption device for dredging of funds Technical sector
  • the present invention relates to an impact absorption device for bottom dredging that is specially installed in an articulated arm of an excavator. Therefore, this invention fits especially within the field of marine machinery machinery and other means in which the operator works on an unstable basis.
  • dredging systems can be divided into three broad categories depending on the system used to extract the material from the bottom of the sea.
  • we have the hydraulic dredging where the material is extracted dissolved in the water itself
  • we have the drag dredging where the dredged material is dragged along the bottom to be deposited in a container that is subsequently hoisted to the surface and finally there is the mechanical dredging, where the material is extracted as it is deposited in the seabed.
  • Hydraulic dredgers require large pumps to suck the mixture of water and bottom materials.
  • This type of dredgers are usually ships specially designed for this purpose, where through a telescopic arm they are sucking from the bottom to some interior tanks where the collected is stored. Subsequently, they can unload all the product stored either through gates located at the bottom of the ship or through ducts where it is sucked again and propelled towards the desired direction.
  • these types of dredgers are used for dredging sand at great depth to be subsequently deposited on the coast to create or modify the coast profiles.
  • Drag dredging is characterized by the type of container used to deposit dredged material, depending on whether buckets, hoppers or clams are used.
  • the operation is similar to the operation of trawling fishing vessels, that is, they leave the tank aft until it bottoms and then the vessel moves forward causing the tank to be filled with the bottom material. Once the filling is completed, the tank is collected and then unloaded either on the ship itself or on auxiliary barges.
  • excavator or retro-excavator dredges stand out.
  • This type of dredgers are composed of a barge on which a conventional excavator or retro-excavator machine used in civil works is anchored. As a general rule, these barges are fixed to the seabed by large pillars that are submerged until the barge is stable.
  • the machines used for dredging can be of three different types depending on the mechanism that they place in their final part and that collects the bottom material. The first type is the bivalve, where there is a large ladle composed of two pieces usually the same as when closed they catch the material to be dredged. The next type is by means of a shovel of the appropriate size to the capacity of the machine. The last type is by an octopus, where a series of metal parts that close the collected material.
  • the known devices and systems do not solve the problems arising from the shipment of machinery on ships. That is, when a barge on which an excavator is located is not anchored to the bottom, for reasons of operability, the onslaught of the sea cause the movement of shooting or pitching that can affect the operation of the machine when it is dredging. On the other hand, when changes occur in the barge's stinging torque due to the weight gain at the end of the excavator arm when it picks up the bottom material, they cause heel movements in the barge, which must be compensated by the adrizante pair. These three movements that have been mentioned, of balancing, pitching or heel can cause the arm of the excavator to crash uncontrollably against the seabed, being able to cause the breakage of any of the elements that make up the arm of said shovel.
  • This invention consists of an impact absorption device specially designed to be used by excavator machines when used on barges for dredging the seabed. This device is intended to solve the aforementioned problems.
  • the device has two main functions. First avoid, or at least minimize, the damages that could be produced by uncontrolled movements of the barge. Second serve as a detector when the arm has reached the bottom.
  • this invention is based on a set of tubes and rods that house a spring damping system adapted to the large loads that it must bear. This absorption device will be placed at the end of the arm of the excavator, just behind the element used to collect the dredged material, either a bivalve or an octopus.
  • the device consists of two pieces built with structural steel tubes with different diameters.
  • the first of the pieces of greater diameter, is formed by a fixed structural steel tube with tie-down flanges on both ends.
  • the mission of this piece is to allow the inner rod of the second piece to pass. Its placement is located in the final part of the machine arm, between the last articulated section of the arm and the dredged material collection system, that is the bivalve or the octopus.
  • the second piece that makes up the device is the impact absorption system itself. It consists of five elements mainly:
  • - Moving part Piece similar to the previous one, of the same thickness but with a diameter greater than the fixed one, but smaller than the fixed structural tube, so that it can slide over it. It also has a flange reinforced with brackets, at one of its ends with the difference that this flange is blind and serves as a support to the system stem. On the outside it will support two lugs to fix a bolt from which the dredging collection system will be hung. Welded at 180 ° at the end that has no flange, there are two housings for the passage of the guides of the mechanism.
  • Structural steel tube with a diameter and thickness less than the fixed part of this second piece. Its length is equal to the sum of the fixed part plus the mobile when they are in the rest position, that is to say extended, which is equivalent to a length equal to twice the guide minus 1 to 10 centimeters, which is welded to the flange of the moving part and runs through it. This tube serves as a guide for the damping springs described below.
  • the device is completed with the whole set of hydraulic hoses necessary to operate the elements that are placed next to the set described.
  • Figure 1 shows a view of the device.
  • Figure 2 shows a partially sectioned view of the device.
  • the device is composed of a fixed part (1) and a moving part (4, 5) which in turn includes other movable elements.
  • Both the fixed part (1) and the mobile part (4, 5) are constructed with structural steel tubes with different diameters.
  • the fixed part (1) is formed by a steel tube with tie flanges (2, 3) at both ends.
  • tie flanges (2, 3) at both ends.
  • this tube (1) has a diameter of between 300 and 500 millimeters, thickness between 15 and 30 millimeters and length of at least 2,500 mm. Its placement is located in the final part of the arm of the machine or excavator, not shown in the figure, more specifically between the last articulated section of the arm and the dredged material collection system, that is the bivalve or the octopus.
  • the second piece that makes up the device is the impact absorption system itself. It consists of five elements mainly:
  • this piece is formed by a structural steel tube (4) of the same thickness as the fixed structural tube (1) but of smaller diameter with a flange (6) at one of its ends and reinforced with brackets, which will serve to fix it to the piece described above through the flange (3).
  • This flange (6) supports the guides (10) of the mechanism.
  • the stem (12) of the device will run through the inside of this tube (4).
  • - Moving part Piece similar to the previous one. It consists of a tube (5) with a diameter greater than the fixed one (4), with a thickness of around 20 millimeters and a length between 1,700 and 1,950 millimeters, so that it can slide over it. It also has a flange (7) reinforced with brackets, at one of its ends with the difference that this flange (7) is blind and serves as support for the rod (12) of the device. On the outside it will support two lugs (8) to fix a bolt, not shown in the figures, from which the dredging collection system will be hung. Welded at 180 ° at the end that has no flange, there are two housings (9) for the passage of the guides (10) of the mechanism.
  • Structural steel tube that for this embodiment has a diameter of at least 90 millimeters, and length equal to the sum of the tube (4) of the fixed part plus the tube (5) of the mobile when they are in the rest position, that is to say extended, which is equivalent to a length equal to twice the guide (10) minus a safety distance.
  • This rod (12) is welded to the flange (7) of the moving part and runs through it.
  • springs (13) Within the tube (5) of the moving part and using the guide rod (12), one or more springs (13) with a suitable wire diameter are arranged to support the loads that have been considered.
  • the device is completed with the whole set of hydraulic hoses necessary to operate the elements that are placed next to the set described.
  • This device is installed in excavators and other construction machinery, especially for application in areas where operators have no vision of the environment and work on unstable situations in which the extendable arm must adapt to unexpected movements. Therefore, this invention is of industrial application within the field of construction machinery, especially marine construction machinery as well as in other fields such as mining.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Vibration Dampers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a shock absorbing device for seabed dredgers, which is positioned on the last joint of a dredger arm and which is formed by: a stationary steel tube (1) having flanges (2, 3) at both ends; and a shock absorbing system formed by (i) a stationary steel tube (4) with a plate-reinforced flange (6) at one end, (ii) a steel tube (5) including a blind flange (7) reinforced with lugs (8) traversed by a bolt that is secured to the collection system of the dredger, (iii) guides (10) formed by bars welded to the flange (6) and provided with a travel stop element (11) having an inductive sensor, (iv) a rod (12) having one end welded to the flange (7) and another free end, (v) fitted springs (13), said rod (12) forming the spring guide, and (vi) hydraulic brake lines.

Description

Dispositivo de absorción de impactos para dragados de fondos. Sector de la técnica. La presente invención se refiere a un dispositivo de absorción de impactos para dragados de fondos que se instala especialmente en un brazo articulado de una excavadora. Por tanto, esta invención se encuadra especialmente dentro del sector de la técnica de maquinaria para trabajo marinos y otros medios en los que el operario trabaja sobre una base inestable.  Impact absorption device for dredging of funds. Technical sector The present invention relates to an impact absorption device for bottom dredging that is specially installed in an articulated arm of an excavator. Therefore, this invention fits especially within the field of marine machinery machinery and other means in which the operator works on an unstable basis.
Estado de la Técnica. State of the art.
En la actualidad, los sistemas de dragado se pueden dividir en tres grandes categorías en función del sistema utilizado para extraer el material del fondo del mar. Por un lado tenemos el dragado hidráulico en donde el material se extrae disuelto en el propio agua, por otro lado tenemos el dragado de arrastre, en donde el material dragado se arrastra por el fondo para ser depositado en un contenedor que posteriormente es izado a superficie y por último está el dragado mecánico, donde el material se extrae tal cual se encuentra depositado en el lecho marino.  At present, dredging systems can be divided into three broad categories depending on the system used to extract the material from the bottom of the sea. On the one hand we have the hydraulic dredging where the material is extracted dissolved in the water itself, on the other hand we have the drag dredging, where the dredged material is dragged along the bottom to be deposited in a container that is subsequently hoisted to the surface and finally there is the mechanical dredging, where the material is extracted as it is deposited in the seabed.
Las dragas hidráulicas requieren de unas grandes bombas para poder succionar la mezcla de agua y materiales del fondo. Este tipo de dragas suelen ser buques especialmente diseñados para este cometido, en donde a través un brazo telescópico van succionando desde el fondo hasta unos tanques interiores en donde se almacena lo recogido. Posteriormente podrán descargar todo el producto almacenado bien a través de compuertas situadas en el fondo del buque o través de conductos en donde es succionado nuevamente e impulsado hacia la dirección deseada. En la actualidad este tipo de dragas son utilizadas para el dragado de arena a gran profundidad para ser posteriormente depositada en la costa para crear o modificar los perfiles de costa. El caso más conocido de este proceso es la creación de islas artificiales que se ha desarrollado a lo largo de lo últimos años en el Golfo Pérsico mediante grandes dragas de succión de más de 200 metros de eslora y capaces de dragar en profundidades superiores a 150 metros. El dragado de arrastre se caracteriza por el tipo de contenedor que se utiliza para depositar el material dragado, según se utilicen cubetas, tolvas o almejas de carga. El funcionamiento es similar al funcionamiento de los buques pesqueros de arrastre, es decir, largan por popa el depósito hasta que este toca fondo y a continuación el buque avance haciendo que el depósito se vaya llenando del material del fondo. Una vez que se ha completado el llenado, se recoge el depósito para luego ser descargado bien en el propio buque o bien en barcazas auxiliares. Hydraulic dredgers require large pumps to suck the mixture of water and bottom materials. This type of dredgers are usually ships specially designed for this purpose, where through a telescopic arm they are sucking from the bottom to some interior tanks where the collected is stored. Subsequently, they can unload all the product stored either through gates located at the bottom of the ship or through ducts where it is sucked again and propelled towards the desired direction. At present, these types of dredgers are used for dredging sand at great depth to be subsequently deposited on the coast to create or modify the coast profiles. The best known case of this process is the creation of artificial islands that have developed over the last years in the Persian Gulf through large suction dredges of more than 200 meters in length and capable of dredging at depths greater than 150 meters . Drag dredging is characterized by the type of container used to deposit dredged material, depending on whether buckets, hoppers or clams are used. The operation is similar to the operation of trawling fishing vessels, that is, they leave the tank aft until it bottoms and then the vessel moves forward causing the tank to be filled with the bottom material. Once the filling is completed, the tank is collected and then unloaded either on the ship itself or on auxiliary barges.
El último tipo de dragado que hemos mencionado es el dragado mecánico. En este tipo de dragado el material del fondo es extraído tal cual se encuentra depositado, siendo un proceso similar a la extracción de material de una mina. Los sistemas mecánicos de dragado son utilizados en los puertos donde no existe un gran calado o donde pueden existir materiales grandes, tales como grandes rocas o basura, que harían que otros sistemas no fueran efectivos. The last type of dredging we have mentioned is mechanical dredging. In this type of dredging the bottom material is extracted as it is deposited, being a process similar to the extraction of material from a mine. Mechanical dredging systems are used in ports where there is no large draft or where there may be large materials, such as large rocks or trash, which would make other systems ineffective.
Dentro de estos tipos de sistema dragado mecánico destacan las dragas excavadoras o retro-excavadoras. Este tipo de dragas se componen de una barcaza sobre la cual se ancla una máquina excavadora o retro-excavadora convencional de las utilizadas en obra civil. Como norma general, estas barcazas se fijan al fondo marino mediante grandes pilares que se sumergen hasta hacer que la barcaza sea estable. Las máquinas utilizadas para el dragado pueden ser de tres tipos diferentes en función del mecanismo que sitúan en su parte final y que recoge el material del fondo. El primer tipo es la bivalva, en donde existe un gran cucharón compuesto por dos piezas por lo general iguales que al cerrarse atrapan el material a dragar. El siguiente tipo es mediante una pala del tamaño apropiado a la capacidad de la máquina. El último tipo es mediante un pulpo, donde una serie de piezas metálicas que cierran el material recogido. Within these types of mechanical dredging system, excavator or retro-excavator dredges stand out. This type of dredgers are composed of a barge on which a conventional excavator or retro-excavator machine used in civil works is anchored. As a general rule, these barges are fixed to the seabed by large pillars that are submerged until the barge is stable. The machines used for dredging can be of three different types depending on the mechanism that they place in their final part and that collects the bottom material. The first type is the bivalve, where there is a large ladle composed of two pieces usually the same as when closed they catch the material to be dredged. The next type is by means of a shovel of the appropriate size to the capacity of the machine. The last type is by an octopus, where a series of metal parts that close the collected material.
Los dispositivos y sistemas conocidos no solucionan los problemas derivados del embarque de maquinaria en navios. Es decir, cuando una barcaza sobre la que se encuentra una excavadora no está anclada al fondo, por motivos de operatividad, los embates del mar hacer que se produzcan movimiento de balaceo o cabeceo que pueden afectar al funcionamiento de la máquina cuando esta está dragando. Por otro lado, al producirse cambios en el par escorante de la barcaza debido al aumento de peso en el extremo del brazo de la excavadora cuando esta recoge el material del fondo, hacen que se produzcan movimientos de escora en la barcaza, que deben ser compensados por el par adrizante. Estos tres movimientos que se han mencionado, de balanceo, cabeceo o escora pueden hacer que el brazo de la máquina excavadora choque de forma descontrolada contra el lecho marino, pudiéndose producir la rotura de alguno de los elementos que conforman el brazo de dicha pala. The known devices and systems do not solve the problems arising from the shipment of machinery on ships. That is, when a barge on which an excavator is located is not anchored to the bottom, for reasons of operability, the onslaught of the sea cause the movement of shooting or pitching that can affect the operation of the machine when it is dredging. On the other hand, when changes occur in the barge's stinging torque due to the weight gain at the end of the excavator arm when it picks up the bottom material, they cause heel movements in the barge, which must be compensated by the adrizante pair. These three movements that have been mentioned, of balancing, pitching or heel can cause the arm of the excavator to crash uncontrollably against the seabed, being able to cause the breakage of any of the elements that make up the arm of said shovel.
Por otro lado, cuando se está operando la excavadora, el operario nunca sabe cuando ha llegado al fondo del mar, sino es por su propia intuición o pericia. On the other hand, when the excavator is being operated, the operator never knows when he has reached the bottom of the sea, but is by his own intuition or expertise.
Explicación de la invención. Explanation of the invention.
Esta invención consiste en un dispositivo de absorción de impactos especialmente diseñado para ser utilizado por máquinas excavadora cuando son utilizadas sobre barcazas para el dragado de los fondos marinos. Con este dispositivo se pretende solucionar los problemas anteriormente mencionados. This invention consists of an impact absorption device specially designed to be used by excavator machines when used on barges for dredging the seabed. This device is intended to solve the aforementioned problems.
El dispositivo tiene dos funciones principales. Primero evitar, o por lo menos minimizar, los daños que se podrían producir por movimientos no controlados de la barcaza. Segundo servir de detector cuando el brazo ha llegado a tocar el fondo. Para ello, esta invención se basa en un conjunto de tubos y vástagos que albergan un sistema de amortiguación mediante muelles adaptado a las grandes cargas que debe soportar. Este dispositivo de absorción se colocará al final del brazo de la máquina excavadora, justo por detrás del elemento utilizado para recoger el material dragado, bien sea una bivalva o un pulpo. The device has two main functions. First avoid, or at least minimize, the damages that could be produced by uncontrolled movements of the barge. Second serve as a detector when the arm has reached the bottom. To do this, this invention is based on a set of tubes and rods that house a spring damping system adapted to the large loads that it must bear. This absorption device will be placed at the end of the arm of the excavator, just behind the element used to collect the dredged material, either a bivalve or an octopus.
El dispositivo se compone de dos piezas construidas con tubos de acero estructural con diferentes diámetros. La primera de las piezas, de mayor diámetro, está formada por un tubo de acero estructural fijo con bridas de amarre en ambos extremos. La misión de esta pieza es permitir el paso del vástago interno de la segunda pieza. Su colocación se sitúa en la parte final del brazo de la máquina, entre el último tramo articulado del brazo y el sistema de recogida del material dragado, esto es la bivalva o el pulpo. The device consists of two pieces built with structural steel tubes with different diameters. The first of the pieces, of greater diameter, is formed by a fixed structural steel tube with tie-down flanges on both ends. The mission of this piece is to allow the inner rod of the second piece to pass. Its placement is located in the final part of the machine arm, between the last articulated section of the arm and the dredged material collection system, that is the bivalve or the octopus.
La segunda pieza que compone el dispositivo es propiamente el sistema de absorción de impactos. Se compone de cinco elementos principalmente: The second piece that makes up the device is the impact absorption system itself. It consists of five elements mainly:
- Pieza fija: Formado por un tubo de acero estructural del mismo espesor que el tubo estructural fijo pero de diámetro inferior. Esta pieza cuenta con una brida en uno de sus extremos y reforzada con cartelas, que servirá para su fijación a la pieza descrita anteriormente. Esta brida sirve de soporte a las guías del mecanismo. Por la parte interior de este tubo discurrirá el vástago del sistema.  - Fixed part: Formed by a structural steel tube of the same thickness as the fixed structural tube but of smaller diameter. This piece has a flange at one of its ends and reinforced with brackets, which will serve to fix it to the piece described above. This flange supports the mechanism guides. The stem of the system will run through the inside of this tube.
- Pieza móvil: Pieza similar a la anterior, del mismo espesor pero de un diámetro superior a la fija, pero inferior al tubo estructural fijo, para que pueda deslizar sobre ella. Lleva también una brida reforzada con cartelas, en uno de sus extremos con la diferencia que esta brida es ciega y sirve de soporte al vástago del sistema. Soportará por su parte exterior dos orejetas para fijar un bulón del que se colgará el sistema de recogida del dragado. Soldadas a 180° en el extremo que no tiene brida, se encuentran dos alojamientos para el paso de las guías del mecanismo.  - Moving part: Piece similar to the previous one, of the same thickness but with a diameter greater than the fixed one, but smaller than the fixed structural tube, so that it can slide over it. It also has a flange reinforced with brackets, at one of its ends with the difference that this flange is blind and serves as a support to the system stem. On the outside it will support two lugs to fix a bolt from which the dredging collection system will be hung. Welded at 180 ° at the end that has no flange, there are two housings for the passage of the guides of the mechanism.
- Guías: Pletinas de longitud ligeramente inferior a la longitud de la pieza móvil y soldadas a la brida de la parte fija y que discurren por dentro de los alojamientos de la pieza móvil. Dispondrán de un tope para evitar que puedan sobrepasar el recorrido máximo. Sobre estos topes se colocará un sensor inductivo que será el encargado de indicar al operario mediante un avisador acústico que se ha llegado al fondo. El sensor activará la señal cuando el tope de la guía se haya separado una distancia determinada del final del alojamiento.  - Guides: Slabs of length slightly less than the length of the moving part and welded to the flange of the fixed part and running inside the housings of the moving part. They will have a cap to prevent them from exceeding the maximum distance. On these stops an inductive sensor will be placed that will be in charge of indicating the operator by means of an acoustic warning that the bottom has been reached. The sensor will activate the signal when the guide stop has separated a certain distance from the end of the housing.
- Vástago: Tubo de acero estructural de diámetro y espesor inferior a la pieza fija de esta segunda pieza. Su longitud es igual a la suma de la pieza fija más la móvil cuando están en posición de reposo, es decir extendidas, lo que equivale a una longitud igual al doble de la guía menos 1 a 10 centímetros , que va soldado a la brida de la pieza móvil y recorre toda ella. Este tubo sirve de guía para los muelles de amortiguación que a continuación se describen. - Stem: Structural steel tube with a diameter and thickness less than the fixed part of this second piece. Its length is equal to the sum of the fixed part plus the mobile when they are in the rest position, that is to say extended, which is equivalent to a length equal to twice the guide minus 1 to 10 centimeters, which is welded to the flange of the moving part and runs through it. This tube serves as a guide for the damping springs described below.
- Muelles: Dentro de la pieza móvil y utilizando el vástago de guía, se disponen uno o varios muelles con un diámetro de alambre suficiente de espira, apropiados para soportar las cargas que se han considerado. El recorrido total del sistema, limitado por los topes de las guías y por los muelles y es equivalente a la longitud de la pieza fija.  - Springs: Inside the moving part and using the guide rod, one or several springs with a sufficient wire diameter are arranged, suitable for supporting the loads that have been considered. The total travel of the system, limited by the stops of the guides and the springs and is equivalent to the length of the fixed part.
El dispositivo se completa con todo el conjunto de latiguillos hidráulicos necesarios para actuar los elementos que se coloca a continuación de conjunto descrito. The device is completed with the whole set of hydraulic hoses necessary to operate the elements that are placed next to the set described.
Breve explicación de los dibujos. Brief explanation of the drawings.
La figura 1 muestra una vista del dispositivo. Figure 1 shows a view of the device.
La figura 2 muestra una vista seccionada parcialmente del dispositivo. Figure 2 shows a partially sectioned view of the device.
Exposición detallada de una realización de la invención. Tal y como se muestra en la figura 1 y 2 el dispositivo se compone de una pieza fija (1) y una pieza móvil (4, 5) que a su vez incluye otros elementos movibles. Tanto la pieza fija (1) como la móvil (4, 5) están construidas con tubos de acero estructural con diferentes diámetros. La pieza fija (1) está formada por un tubo de acero con bridas (2, 3) de amarre en ambos extremos. En función de la potencia de la excavadora en la que se instale este dispositivo, las dimensiones variarán. Para el caso de un dispositivo de amortiguación típico este tubo (1) tiene un diámetro de entre 300 y 500 milímetros, espesor entre 15 y 30 milímetros y longitud de al menos 2.500 milímetros. Su colocación se sitúa en la parte final del brazo de la máquina o excavadora, no mostrado en la figura, más concretamente entre el último tramo articulado del brazo y el sistema de recogida del material dragado, esto es la bivalva o el pulpo. Detailed statement of an embodiment of the invention. As shown in Figure 1 and 2, the device is composed of a fixed part (1) and a moving part (4, 5) which in turn includes other movable elements. Both the fixed part (1) and the mobile part (4, 5) are constructed with structural steel tubes with different diameters. The fixed part (1) is formed by a steel tube with tie flanges (2, 3) at both ends. Depending on the power of the excavator in which this device is installed, the dimensions will vary. In the case of a typical damping device this tube (1) has a diameter of between 300 and 500 millimeters, thickness between 15 and 30 millimeters and length of at least 2,500 mm. Its placement is located in the final part of the arm of the machine or excavator, not shown in the figure, more specifically between the last articulated section of the arm and the dredged material collection system, that is the bivalve or the octopus.
La segunda pieza que compone el dispositivo es propiamente el sistema de absorción de impactos. Se compone de cinco elementos principalmente: The second piece that makes up the device is the impact absorption system itself. It consists of five elements mainly:
- Pieza fija. Para el caso objeto de esta realización de la invención, esta pieza está formada por un tubo (4) de acero estructural del mismo espesor que el tubo estructural fijo (1) pero de diámetro inferior con una brida (6) en uno de sus extremos y reforzada con cartelas, que servirá para su fijación a la pieza descrita anteriormente a través de la brida (3). Esta brida (6) sirve de soporte a las guías (10) del mecanismo. Por la parte interior de este tubo (4) discurrirá el vástago (12) del dispositivo.  - Fixed part. For the case object of this embodiment of the invention, this piece is formed by a structural steel tube (4) of the same thickness as the fixed structural tube (1) but of smaller diameter with a flange (6) at one of its ends and reinforced with brackets, which will serve to fix it to the piece described above through the flange (3). This flange (6) supports the guides (10) of the mechanism. The stem (12) of the device will run through the inside of this tube (4).
- Pieza móvil: Pieza similar a la anterior. Consiste en un tubo (5) de un diámetro superior a la fija (4), con espesor de entorno a los 20 milímetros y longitud entre 1.700 y 1.950 milímetros, para que pueda deslizar sobre ella. Lleva también una brida (7) reforzada con cartelas, en uno de sus extremos con la diferencia que esta brida (7) es ciega y sirve de soporte al vástago (12) del dispositivo. Soportará por su parte exterior dos orejetas (8) para fijar un bulón, no mostrado en las figuras, del que se colgará el sistema de recogida del dragado. Soldadas a 180° en el extremo que no tiene brida, se encuentran dos alojamientos (9) para el paso de las guías (10) del mecanismo. - Moving part: Piece similar to the previous one. It consists of a tube (5) with a diameter greater than the fixed one (4), with a thickness of around 20 millimeters and a length between 1,700 and 1,950 millimeters, so that it can slide over it. It also has a flange (7) reinforced with brackets, at one of its ends with the difference that this flange (7) is blind and serves as support for the rod (12) of the device. On the outside it will support two lugs (8) to fix a bolt, not shown in the figures, from which the dredging collection system will be hung. Welded at 180 ° at the end that has no flange, there are two housings (9) for the passage of the guides (10) of the mechanism.
Guías (10) las cuales consisten en pletinas soldadas a la brida (6) de tubo (4) y que discurren por dentro de los alojamientos (9) del tubo (5) de la pieza móvil. Dispondrán de un tope (11) para evitar que puedan sobrepasar el recorrido máximo. Sobre estos topes (11) se colocará un sensor inductivo, no mostrado en las figuras, que será el encargado de indicar al operario mediante un avisador acústico que se ha llegado al fondo. El sensor activará la señal cuando el tope (11) de la guía (10) se haya separado una distancia determinada del final del alojamiento. - Vástago (12): Tubo de acero estructural que para este modo de realización tiene un diámetro de al menos 90 milímetros, y longitud igual a la suma del tubo (4) de la pieza fija más el tubo (5) de la móvil cuando están en posición de reposo, es decir extendidas, lo que equivale a una longitud igual al doble de la guía (10) menos una distancia de seguridad.Guides (10) which consist of plates welded to the pipe flange (6) (4) and which run inside the housings (9) of the tube (5) of the moving part. They will have a stop (11) to prevent them from exceeding the maximum travel. On these stops (11) an inductive sensor will be placed, not shown in the figures, which will be in charge of indicating the operator by means of an acoustic warning that the bottom has been reached. The sensor will activate the signal when the stop (11) of the guide (10) has separated a certain distance from the end of the housing. - Stem (12): Structural steel tube that for this embodiment has a diameter of at least 90 millimeters, and length equal to the sum of the tube (4) of the fixed part plus the tube (5) of the mobile when they are in the rest position, that is to say extended, which is equivalent to a length equal to twice the guide (10) minus a safety distance.
Este vástago (12) está soldado a la brida (7) de la pieza móvil y recorre toda ella. This rod (12) is welded to the flange (7) of the moving part and runs through it.
Muelles (13): Dentro del tubo (5) de la pieza móvil y utilizando el vástago (12) de guía, se disponen uno o varios muelles (13) con un diámetro de alambre apropiados para soportar las cargas que se han considerado. Springs (13): Within the tube (5) of the moving part and using the guide rod (12), one or more springs (13) with a suitable wire diameter are arranged to support the loads that have been considered.
El recorrido total del sistema, limitado por los topes (11) de las guías y por los muelles (13). The total travel of the system, limited by the stops (11) of the guides and by the springs (13).
El dispositivo se completa con todo el conjunto de latiguillos hidráulicos necesarios para actuar los elementos que se coloca a continuación de conjunto descrito. The device is completed with the whole set of hydraulic hoses necessary to operate the elements that are placed next to the set described.
Aplicación industrial. Industrial application.
Este dispositivo se instala en excavadores y otra maquinaria de construcción, en especial para su aplicación en zonas donde los operarios no tiene visión del medio y que trabajan sobre en situaciones inestables en los que el brazo extensible debe adaptarse a movimiento inesperados. Por tanto, esta invención es de aplicación industrial dentro del campo de la maquinaria de construcción, en especial, maquinaria de construcción marina así como en otros campos como la minería. This device is installed in excavators and other construction machinery, especially for application in areas where operators have no vision of the environment and work on unstable situations in which the extendable arm must adapt to unexpected movements. Therefore, this invention is of industrial application within the field of construction machinery, especially marine construction machinery as well as in other fields such as mining.

Claims

Reivindicaciones.  Claims
Dispositivo de absorción de impactos para dragados de fondos marinos situado entre el último tramo articulado del brazo y el sistema de recogida del material dragado, de una excavadora caracterizado porque está constituido por: Impact absorption device for seabed dredging located between the last articulated section of the arm and the dredged material collection system, of an excavator characterized in that it is constituted by:
• un tubo fijo (1) de acero con dos bridas (2, 3) de amarre en ambos extremos, siendo la brida (3) de fijación al último brazo articulado de la excavadora,  • a fixed steel tube (1) with two flanges (2, 3) for mooring at both ends, the flange (3) being fixed to the last articulated arm of the excavator,
• un sistema de absorción de impactos compuesto por cinco elementos:  • an impact absorption system composed of five elements:
i. un tubo de acero fijo (4) del mismo espesor que el tubo fijo (1) pero de diámetro inferior, que incluye una brida (6) en uno de sus extremos y reforzada con cartelas,  i. a fixed steel tube (4) of the same thickness as the fixed tube (1) but of smaller diameter, which includes a flange (6) at one of its ends and reinforced with brackets,
ii. un tubo de acero móvil (5) del mismo espesor que el anterior tubo (4) con un diámetro superior, pero inferior al tubo fijo (1), que incluye una brida (7) reforzada con cartelas, en uno de sus extremos siendo la brida ciega y soportando en su parte exterior dos orejetas (8) atravesadas por un bulón de fijación al sistema de recogida de la excavadora y porque el otro extremo del tubo (5) carece de bridas y están soldadas a 180° dos alojamientos (9) de paso de guías (10),  ii. a movable steel tube (5) of the same thickness as the previous tube (4) with a larger diameter, but smaller than the fixed tube (1), which includes a flange (7) reinforced with brackets, at one of its ends being the Blind flange and supporting on its outside two lugs (8) crossed by a bolt fixing to the excavator collection system and because the other end of the tube (5) lacks flanges and two housings are welded 180 ° (9) passing guides (10),
iii. guías (10) formadas por pletinas de longitud ligeramente inferior a la longitud del tubo móvil (5) y soldadas a la brida (6) del tubo fijo (4) que disponen de un tope (11) de recorrido máximo sobre el que se colocan un sensor tipo inductivo, iv. vástago (12) conformado por un tubo de acero estructural de diámetro y espesor inferior al tubo fijo (4) estando soldado su extremo superior a la brida (7) del tubo móvil (5) y el extremo inferior libre y ubicado en el tubo estructural fijo (1) siendo su longitud igual a la suma del tubo fijo (4) más el móvil (5) cuando están en posición de reposo, es decir extendidos, uno o varios muelles (13) ubicados dentro de los tubos (4, 5) siendo la guía de los muelles (13) el vástago (12), y un conjunto de latiguillos hidráulicos. iii. guides (10) formed by plates slightly shorter than the length of the mobile tube (5) and welded to the flange (6) of the fixed tube (4) that have a stop (11) of maximum travel on which they are placed an inductive type sensor, iv. rod (12) formed by a structural steel tube of diameter and thickness less than the fixed tube (4) its upper end being welded to the flange (7) of the movable tube (5) and the free lower end and located in the structural tube fixed (1) being its length equal to the sum of the fixed tube (4) plus the mobile (5) when they are in the rest position, that is to say extended, one or more springs (13) located inside the tubes (4, 5) the spring guide (13) being the rod (12), and a set of hydraulic hoses.
Dispositivo de absorción de impactos para dragados de fondos marinos según reivindicación 1 caracterizado porque el recorrido total del sistema es igual a la longitud del tubo fijo (4). Impact absorption device for seabed dredging according to claim 1 characterized in that the total system travel is equal to the length of the fixed tube (4).
PCT/ES2011/000080 2010-03-18 2011-03-18 Shock absorbing device for seabed dredgers WO2011113975A2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES201000365A ES2366292B1 (en) 2010-03-18 2010-03-18 IMPACT ABSORPTION DEVICE FOR FUNDS DRAGINGS.
ESP20100365 2010-03-18

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WO2011113975A2 true WO2011113975A2 (en) 2011-09-22
WO2011113975A3 WO2011113975A3 (en) 2011-11-17

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB306260A (en) * 1928-01-25 1929-02-21 Wilfrid Quixano Henriques Improvements in or relating to excavating or dredging machinery
US4200054A (en) * 1976-12-10 1980-04-29 Elliston Thomas L Stabilized hoist rig for deep ocean mining vessel
JP2001031363A (en) * 1999-07-21 2001-02-06 Ohbayashi Corp Hanging frame for crane ship
JP2005344383A (en) * 2004-06-03 2005-12-15 Kobelco Contstruction Machinery Ltd Crushing device

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB306260A (en) * 1928-01-25 1929-02-21 Wilfrid Quixano Henriques Improvements in or relating to excavating or dredging machinery
US4200054A (en) * 1976-12-10 1980-04-29 Elliston Thomas L Stabilized hoist rig for deep ocean mining vessel
JP2001031363A (en) * 1999-07-21 2001-02-06 Ohbayashi Corp Hanging frame for crane ship
JP2005344383A (en) * 2004-06-03 2005-12-15 Kobelco Contstruction Machinery Ltd Crushing device

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPI Derwent Publications Ltd., London, GB; AN 2001-222556 & JP 2001 031363 A (OHBAYASHI CORP) 06 February 2001 *
DATABASE WPI Derwent Publications Ltd., London, GB; AN 2006-005455 & JP 2005 344383 A (KOBELCO CONSTR MACHINERY LTD ET AL.) 15 December 2005 *

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WO2011113975A3 (en) 2011-11-17
ES2366292A1 (en) 2011-10-19

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