WO2011100926A2 - 相位调整装置及多频天线 - Google Patents

相位调整装置及多频天线 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011100926A2
WO2011100926A2 PCT/CN2011/072788 CN2011072788W WO2011100926A2 WO 2011100926 A2 WO2011100926 A2 WO 2011100926A2 CN 2011072788 W CN2011072788 W CN 2011072788W WO 2011100926 A2 WO2011100926 A2 WO 2011100926A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
phase adjustment
driving
switching
drive
wheel
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2011/072788
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2011100926A3 (zh
Inventor
谢寿波
赵黎明
赵志雄
李茂斌
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to CN201180000364.4A priority Critical patent/CN102171889B/zh
Priority to EP11744284.8A priority patent/EP2690708B1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2011/072788 priority patent/WO2011100926A2/zh
Publication of WO2011100926A2 publication Critical patent/WO2011100926A2/zh
Publication of WO2011100926A3 publication Critical patent/WO2011100926A3/zh
Priority to US14/052,920 priority patent/US9343811B2/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/18—Phase-shifters
    • H01P1/184—Strip line phase-shifters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
    • H01Q3/32—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by mechanical means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
    • H03H1/00—Constructional details of impedance networks whose electrical mode of operation is not specified or applicable to more than one type of network

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a phase adjustment apparatus and a multi-frequency antenna.
  • the antenna In the field of communication technology, it is necessary to receive and transmit signals by means of an antenna.
  • the antenna In general, the antenna has a certain coverage.
  • the coverage of the antenna itself can be adjusted by adjusting the downtilt angle of the antenna.
  • the downtilt angle of the antenna is also called the antenna pitch angle, which is the angle between the antenna and the horizontal direction.
  • the adjustment of the antenna downtilt can be achieved by mechanical downtilt and electrical downtilt.
  • Mechanical downtilt is the physical tilting of the antenna down.
  • the adjustment accuracy of the downtilt angle is low (for example, the step accuracy is approximately 1.). Therefore, in general, the electric downtilt can be used.
  • the principle of electric downtilt is to change the amplitude of the vertical component and the horizontal component by changing the phase of the collinear antenna element, thereby changing the intensity of the combined amount, thereby making the vertical direction of the antenna.
  • the figure is tilted down to achieve the purpose of keeping the antenna at a standstill and adjusting the downtilt angle of the antenna.
  • the downtilt angle of the antenna beam can be adjusted by changing the phase of the antenna.
  • the multi-frequency antenna can realize the functions of at least two frequency bands, such as the function of one antenna unit to realize the 800 MHz band, the function of another antenna unit or the function of the 3G band, etc.
  • the downtilt angle of each antenna unit can be adjusted by separately adjusting the phase of the phase adjustment unit corresponding to each antenna unit.
  • a three-frequency antenna is taken as an example.
  • the three-frequency antenna has three phase adjusting units 11 corresponding to the antenna unit 14 , and each phase adjusting unit 11 is provided with a transmission mechanism 12 .
  • the transmission mechanism 12 - is correspondingly connected with a driving device 13 , and the driving device 13 controls the corresponding transmission mechanism 12 to move,
  • the phase of the corresponding phase adjustment unit 11 is adjusted by the translation of the transmission mechanism 12, thereby realizing the adjustment of the downtilt angle of the antenna unit 14.
  • each of the phase adjustment units is provided with one driving device, the more frequency bands included in the multi-frequency antenna, the driving device that needs to be used The more, the higher the cost of a single drive, thus inevitably increasing the cost of multi-frequency antennas.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a phase adjustment apparatus and a multi-frequency antenna to reduce the cost of a multi-frequency antenna.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a phase adjustment apparatus, where the phase adjustment apparatus includes at least two phase adjustment units, a switching device, and a driving device; the at least two phase adjustment units are configured to adjust a phase; The device is configured to drive the at least two phase adjustment units to move; the at least two phase adjustment units are selectively connectable to the driving device; the switching device is configured to select the at least two phase adjustment units In order to cause the drive device to drive only one of the at least two phase adjustment units connected to the drive device at the same time to achieve phase adjustment.
  • the multi-frequency antenna includes at least two antenna units, each of the antenna units is connected with a phase adjustment device, and the phase adjustment device includes at least two phase adjustments.
  • a unit, a switching device, and a driving device wherein the at least two antenna units are correspondingly connected to the at least two phase adjusting units; the at least two phase adjusting units are configured to adjust a phase; Translating at least two phase adjustment units to move; the at least two phase adjustment units are selectively connectable to the driving device; the switching device is configured to select the at least two phase adjustment units to enable the driving The device drives only one of the at least two phase adjustment units connected to the drive device at the same time to effect phase adjustment.
  • phase adjustment apparatus includes at least two phase adjustment units, a driving device, and a switching device; the driving device is configured to drive The phase adjustment unit moves to change a phase; the switching device is disposed in the transmission link of the at least two phase adjustment units and the driving device to at least one phase adjustment unit in each of the phase adjustment units An effective transmission link is established between the driving devices; the driving device drives the phase adjustment unit located in the effective transmission link to move by the transmission link established by the switching device.
  • phase adjustment device and the multi-frequency antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention, wherein the at least two phase adjustment units are selectively connected to the driving device, and the switching device is configured to select the at least two phases Adjusting unit to cause the driving device to drive only one of the at least two phase adjusting units connected to the driving device to change phase at the same time, so that at least two of the phases can be adjusted by one driving device
  • the phase of the unit is adjusted to achieve adjustment of the downtilt angle of the antenna unit. It can be seen that the number of uses of the driving device can be reduced, thereby reducing the cost of the multi-frequency antenna.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a multi-frequency antenna in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a phase adjustment device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a switching device in the phase adjustment device shown in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 4 is another schematic diagram of a switching device in the phase adjustment device shown in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of still another switching device in the phase adjusting device shown in Figure 2;
  • FIG. 6 is another schematic diagram of a switching device in the phase adjustment device shown in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a multi-frequency antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a phase adjustment apparatus, where the phase adjustment apparatus includes at least two a phase adjustment unit, a switching device, and a driving device; the at least two phase adjustment units are configured to adjust a phase; the driving device is configured to drive the at least two phase adjustment units to move; the at least two phase adjustment units Optionally connected to the driving device; the switching device is configured to select the at least two phase adjusting units to cause the driving device to drive only the at least two phases connected to the driving device at the same time Adjust one of the movements in the unit to achieve phase adjustment.
  • the phase adjustment device provided by the embodiment of the present invention, wherein the at least two phase adjustment units are selectively connected to the driving device, and the switching device is configured to select the at least two phase adjustment units to enable
  • the driving device drives only one of the at least two phase adjusting units connected to the driving device to change the phase at the same time, so that the phase of the corresponding at least two of the phase adjusting units can be adjusted by one driving device Thereby adjusting the downtilt angle of the antenna unit. It can be seen that the number of uses of the driving device can be reduced, thereby reducing the cost of the multi-frequency antenna.
  • the number of uses of the driving device is reduced in the phase adjusting device, that is, the number of driving devices is smaller than the number of phase adjusting units (since the number of phase adjusting units is the same as the number of frequency bands in the multi-frequency antenna, the driving device The number of the frequency bands is smaller than the number of frequency bands in the multi-frequency antenna), so the space occupied by the driving device is small, and the installation space is less required.
  • the reduced number of uses of the drive means also reduces the number of mounting drives, which reduces the installation time of all of the drives.
  • phase adjustment device in the present invention will be described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.
  • phase adjustment device for adjusting the downtilt angle of each phase adjustment unit in the multi-frequency antenna.
  • the phase adjustment device in this embodiment includes three phase adjustment units 11, a switching device, and a driving device 13. All of the three phase adjustment units 11 are connected to the switching device and are connected to the driving device 13 by means of a switching device that causes the driving device 13 to drive only three connected to the driving device 13 at the same time. One of the phase adjustment units 11 moves.
  • the phase adjusting device further includes a transmission mechanism 12 corresponding to each phase adjusting unit 11 to drive the phase adjusting unit to move.
  • the three phase adjustment units 11 connected to the switching device are connected to the switching device via corresponding transmission mechanisms 12.
  • the phase adjustment device includes three phase adjustment units 11 and three transmission mechanisms 12, which are a first phase adjustment unit 11 (1), a second phase adjustment unit 11 (2), and a third phase adjustment unit 11 ( 3), a first transmission mechanism 12(1) corresponding to the first phase adjustment unit 11(1), a second transmission mechanism 12(2) corresponding to the second phase adjustment unit 11(2), and a third phase corresponding thereto
  • the third transmission 12 (3) of the unit 11 (3) is adjusted, and the three transmissions 12 are connected to the same drive unit 13 via the switching means.
  • FIG. 2 is an example of a phase adjustment device applied to a three-band antenna having three frequency bands.
  • the multi-frequency antenna is used.
  • At least two phase adjustment units may be included, for example, two, four, and four or more phase adjustment units, etc., and are not limited to three phase adjustment units.
  • the transmission mechanisms may all be connected to the same to the same driving device through the switching device, wherein the switching device causes the driving device to be only one at a time
  • One of the at least two transmission mechanisms is in communication to control the at least two transmission mechanisms to be translated using one driving device, and further to adjust the phase of the at least two phase adjustment units using one driving device, reducing the driving device The number of uses.
  • the switching device capable of causing the driving device 13 to communicate with only one of the at least two transmission mechanisms 12 has various implementation structures, and several specific embodiments of the switching device will now be described by way of example. It is to be understood that the following description is merely illustrative and not restrictive, and any modifications or variations made according to the embodiments described below are within the scope of the embodiments of the invention.
  • each of the transmission mechanisms 12 corresponding to the switching device may be provided with a clutch 15 in the switching device, i.e., corresponding to the first transmission mechanism 12
  • a first clutch 15 (1) is provided, and a second clutch 15 is provided corresponding to the second transmission mechanism 12 (2)
  • a third clutch 15 (3) is provided corresponding to the third transmission mechanism 12 (3).
  • Each clutch 15 includes a follower 151 and an active member 152 that are separable or engageable with each other, and a switching member 16.
  • the follower 151 of the 15 is correspondingly connected to the transmission mechanism 12, the driving member 152 is connected to the driving device 13 and corresponds to the driven member 151, and the driving member 152 is further connected with the switching member 16, and the switching member 16 controls the clutches.
  • the active member 152 of one of the clutches 15 is coupled to the corresponding follower 151, and the active member 152 of the remaining clutch is separated from the follower 151.
  • the first transmission mechanism 12 ( 1 ) communicates with the driving device 13 , and the motor of the driving device 13 drives the first transmission mechanism 12 ( 1 ) to move, and is adjusted by the translation of the first transmission mechanism 12 ( 1 ) The phase of the first phase adjustment unit and thus the adjustment of the antenna downtilt angle.
  • the second transmission mechanism 12 (2) and the third transmission mechanism 12 (3) are not in communication with the driving device 13, the second transmission mechanism 12 (2) and the third transmission mechanism 12 (3) are not translated.
  • the second transmission mechanism 12 (2) communicates with the driving device 13, and the motor of the driving device 13 drives the second transmission mechanism 12 (2) to move, and is adjusted by the translation of the second transmission mechanism 12 (2) The phase of the second phase adjustment unit and thus the adjustment of the antenna downtilt angle.
  • the first transmission mechanism 12 (1) and the third transmission mechanism 12 (3) are not in communication with the driving device 13, the first transmission mechanism 12 (1) and the third transmission mechanism 12 (3) are not translated.
  • the third transmission mechanism 12 (3) communicates with the driving device 13, and the motor of the driving device 13 drives the third transmission mechanism 12 (3) to move, and is adjusted by the translation of the third transmission mechanism 12 (3) The phase of the third phase adjustment unit and thus the adjustment of the antenna downtilt angle.
  • the first transmission mechanism 12 (1) and the second transmission mechanism 12 (2) are not in communication with the driving device 13, the first transmission mechanism 12 (1) and the second transmission mechanism 12 (2) are not translated.
  • the state of connection and separation of the 152 and the follower 151 can be achieved by the switching member 16.
  • the switching member 16 can control the active member 152 of one of the clutches 15 to be coupled to the follower 151, and the active member 152 of the remaining clutch is separated from the follower 151.
  • the switching member 16 in the switching device can include a sliding plate 161, and the sliding plate 161 is provided with a stepped slide 162, each clutch The driving member 152 of the 15 is sleeved with a collar 163, and the collar 163 is disposed in the sliding channel 162.
  • the sliding of the sliding plate 161 enables the active member 152 of each clutch 15 to mesh with or separate from the corresponding follower 151.
  • the chute 162 may not be limited to the stepped slide, but may be a zigzag type slide, and the meander type slide can realize the clutch 15 when the slide 161 slides.
  • the active member 152 and the corresponding follower 151 are in mesh with or separated from each other.
  • the slide 161 is slid as exemplified below, and thereby the active members 152 of the clutches 15 and the corresponding followers 151 are engaged or disengaged.
  • the slider 161 can be moved along the length of the slide 162, while the side wall of the slide 162 forces the collar 163 to move the active member 152 in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the slide 162, so that the clutches 15 can be activated.
  • the member 152 and the follower 151 are connected or separated. The process of connecting or separating the active member 152 and the follower 151 of each of the clutches 15 under the movement of the slider 161 will now be described in detail.
  • the driving member 152 and the follower 151 of the first clutch 15 (1) are connected, and the driving member 152 and the follower of the second clutch 15 (2) and the third clutch 15 (3) are connected. 151 separation.
  • the state shown in FIG. 3 is the initial state, and the slide plate 161 can be moved to the right, that is, the slide plate 161 moves to the right along the length direction of the slide path 162 as indicated by the rightward arrow in FIG. 4, and the state after the movement is as shown in FIG. 4 is shown.
  • the collar 163 on the first clutch 15 ( 1 ) can be placed from the left side of the slide 161 Slide
  • the projection of 162 slips to the recess and causes the collar 163 on the second clutch 15 (2) to slide from the recess of the slide 162 located on the right side of the slider 161 to the projection, and the third clutch 15 (3)
  • the upper collar 163 has no undulating slip along the slide 162 located on the right side of the slider 161, so that the clutches 15 move only in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the slide 162, that is, in FIG.
  • the driving member 152 of the first clutch 15 (1) slides downward, the driving member 152 of the second clutch 15 (2) slides upward, and the third clutch 15 ( The active member 152 of 3) remains stationary.
  • the active member 152 of the second clutch 15 (2) and the follower 151 can be connected, the active members 152 of the first clutch 15 (1) and the third clutch 15 (3) and The follower 151 is separated.
  • the state shown in FIG. 3 is the initial state, and the slide plate 161 can also move to the left, that is, the drive slide plate 161 is moved to the left along the length direction of the slide path 162 as indicated by the leftward arrow in FIG. 5, and the state after the movement is as follows.
  • Figure 5 shows.
  • the driving slide 161 moves to the left
  • the slide 162 in the slide 161 also moves to the left.
  • the slide 162 is a stepped slide
  • the slide 162 is a stepped slide, when the slide 162 moves to the left along its length, the first The collar 163 on the clutch 15 (1) slides from the projection of the slide 162 located on the left side of the slider 161 to the recess, and the collar 163 on the third clutch 15 (3) is located on the right side of the slider 161.
  • each clutch 15 can be connected or separated from each other under the movement of the slider 161.
  • the driving device can be driven by some common mechanisms 17.
  • the movement of the motor 13 is transmitted to the connected clutch 15, for example
  • the conventional mechanism 17 may be a gear mechanism, a pulley mechanism, a sprocket mechanism, and a crank slider mechanism.
  • the collar 163 can drive the active members 152 to slide down in the direction perpendicular to the slide 162, and the collar 163 does not affect the clutches 15 due to the presence of the gaps.
  • the shaft that is connected to it in order to facilitate the slip of the collar 163 from the projection of the slide 162 to the depression or from the depression of the slide 162 to the projection, the projection between the projection and the depression of the slide 162 can be made.
  • the included angle forms an obtuse angle and may be further chamfered or rounded at the obtuse angle.
  • a slide can be provided on the slide plate 161, and the two or three clutches 15 can be made by the step shape of the slide track. One clutch is connected and the other clutches are disengaged.
  • the step shape of the slide will be complicated. Therefore, two or more slides can be provided on the slider 161, so that the shapes of the slides are simple and easy to manufacture.
  • switching component 16 in the switching device may further include a driving component correspondingly connected to the active component 152 of each clutch 15, each of the driving components is connected with a controller, and the controller controls the motor driving device.
  • the active member and the corresponding follower are in mesh with or separated from each other.
  • the controller may send a level signal to each of the driving components, and after receiving the high level signal, the driving component is activated, and the activated driving component passes through a transmission mechanism (the transmission mechanism is used for transmitting the motion and power of the driving component)
  • the active component 152 of the clutch which is different from the transmission mechanism 12), drives the active member 152 of the corresponding clutch 15 to move up and down to connect one of the clutches and separate the remaining clutches.
  • the drive member can be, but is not limited to, a motor.
  • the switching device may further include a driving wheel, at least two driven wheels, and a wheel selector; wherein, mode one, The driving wheel may be connected to the driving device, and the at least two driven wheels may Connected to the corresponding transmission mechanism by the wheel selector, the wheel selector selects one of the at least two driven wheels and the driving wheel to form a transmission chain to drive the corresponding transmission mechanism to move; or In the second mode, the driving wheel may be connected to the driving device through the wheel selector, the at least two driven wheels may be connected to the corresponding transmission mechanism, and the wheel selector selects the at least two One of the driven wheels and the driving wheel constitute a transmission chain to drive the corresponding transmission mechanism to move.
  • the process of selecting one of the at least two driven wheels and the driving wheel to form the transmission chain by means of the wheel selector is similar to the second method.
  • the process of the first method can be determined by the description of the second mode.
  • the switching device includes a driving wheel 22, three driven wheels 20, and a wheel selector 23.
  • Each of the transmission mechanisms 12 is connected to a driven wheel 20 via a driven shaft 19, respectively: the first transmission mechanism 12 ( 1 ) is connected to the first driven wheel 20 ( 1 ) through the first driven shaft 19 ( 1 ), The second transmission mechanism 12 ( 2 ) is connected to the second driven wheel 20 ( 2 ) through the second driven shaft 19 ( 2 ), and the third transmission mechanism 12 ( 3 ) is connected to the third through the third driven shaft 19 ( 3 ) Driven wheel (3).
  • the first transmission mechanism 12 ( 1 ) is connected to the first driven wheel 20 ( 1 ) through the first driven shaft 19 ( 1 )
  • the second transmission mechanism 12 ( 2 ) is connected to the second driven wheel 20 ( 2 ) through the second driven shaft 19 ( 2 )
  • the third transmission mechanism 12 ( 3 ) is connected to the third through the third driven shaft 19 ( 3 ) Driven wheel (3).
  • the position of the first driven wheel 20 ( 1 ) is located in the middle, and the position of the second driven wheel 20 ( 2 ) is located at the front and the third driven wheel 20 ( 3 )
  • the setting position is at the back.
  • a drive shaft 21 is disposed parallel to each of the driven shafts 19, and a drive wheel 22 is disposed on the drive shaft 21.
  • the drive wheel 22 is further connected with a wheel selector 23, and the wheel selector 23 selects one of the three driven wheels 20 and
  • the driving wheel 22 constitutes a transmission chain to drive the corresponding transmission mechanism 12 to move.
  • a shifting member 18 may be provided on each of the driven shafts 19 to convert the rotation of the driven wheel 20 into Translating, and then transmitting to each of the transmission mechanisms 12, wherein the shifting member 18 includes: a first shifting member 18(1) disposed on the first driven shaft 19(1), and a second driven shaft 19 (2) The second conversion member 18 ( 2 ) and the third conversion member 18 ( 3 ) provided on the third driven shaft 19 ( 3 ).
  • the driving wheel 22 When the driving wheel 22 is engaged with the first driven wheel 20 ( 1 ) and with the second driven wheel 20 ( 2 ) and the third When the driven wheel 20 (3) is separated, after the driving shaft 21 is connected to the driving device 13, the first transmission mechanism 12 ( 1 ) communicates with the driving device 13 , and the motor of the driving device 13 drives the first transmission mechanism 12 ( 1 ) to move And adjusting the phase of the first phase adjustment unit by the translation of the first transmission mechanism 12 ( 1 ) and thereby adjusting the downtilt angle of the antenna. At this time, since the second transmission mechanism 12 (2) and the third transmission mechanism 12 (3) are not in communication with the driving device 13, the second transmission mechanism 12 (2) and the third transmission mechanism 12 (3) are not translated.
  • the drive shaft 21 is connected to the driving device 13 , and the second The transmission mechanism 12 (2) is in communication with the driving device 13.
  • the motor of the driving device 13 drives the second transmission mechanism 12 (2) to move, and the second phase adjustment unit is adjusted by the translation of the second transmission mechanism 12 (2).
  • the phase and thus the adjustment of the antenna downtilt angle At this time, since the first transmission mechanism 12 (1) and the third transmission mechanism 12 (3) are not in communication with the driving device 13, the first transmission mechanism 12 (1) and the third transmission mechanism 12 (3) are not translated.
  • the drive shaft 21 is connected to the driving device 13, and the third The transmission mechanism 12 ( 3 ) communicates with the driving device 13 , the motor of the driving device 13 drives the third transmission mechanism 12 ( 3 ) to move, and the third phase adjusting unit is adjusted by the translation of the third transmission mechanism 12 ( 3 ) The phase and thus the adjustment of the antenna downtilt angle.
  • the first transmission mechanism 12 (1) and the second transmission mechanism 12 (2) are not in communication with the driving device 13, the first transmission mechanism 12 (1) and the second transmission mechanism 12 (2) are not translated.
  • the following example illustrates how one of the three driven wheels 20 can be selected by the selector 23 to form a drive train with the drive wheel 22 to drive the corresponding transmission 12 to move. It should be noted that the following description is merely exemplary and not restrictive.
  • the driving wheel 22 meshes with the first driven wheel 20(1) and is separated from the second driven wheel 20(2) and the third driven wheel 20(3).
  • the wheel selector 23 can drive the driving shaft 21 together with the driving wheel 22 to move forward along the longitudinal direction of the driving shaft 21, The drive wheel 22 is disengaged from the first driven wheel 20(1) and engaged with the second driven wheel 20(2).
  • the wheel selector 23 can also drive the driving shaft 21 together with the driving wheel 22 to move rearward along the longitudinal direction of the driving shaft 21, so that the driving wheel 22 and the first driven wheel 20 are driven. (1) Disengaged and engaged with the third driven wheel 20 (3).
  • the first driven wheel 20 ( 1 ), the second driven wheel 20 ( 2 ), and the third driven wheel 20 ( 3 ) may be the same size so that the motion and power transmitted by the driven wheels are the same. .
  • the first driven wheel 20 ( 1 ), the second driven wheel 20 ( 2 ), and the third driven wheel 20 ( 3 ) may be different in size or Individuals are not the same.
  • the size of the driven wheel 22 may be the same as or different from the size of each of the driven wheels, which may be determined as the case may be.
  • the driving wheel or the driven wheel in the embodiment of the present invention may be a gear.
  • the above technical solution can also be realized by a belt drive or a chain drive.
  • the present invention also provides an embodiment of a multi-frequency antenna.
  • the multi-frequency antenna includes three antenna units 14 , and each antenna unit 14 is connected with a phase adjustment device.
  • the phase adjustment device includes three phase adjustment units 11 , a switching device, and a driving device 13 .
  • the antenna elements 14 are correspondingly connected to the three phase adjustment units 11. All of the three phase adjustment units 11 are connected to the switching device and are connected to the driving device 13 by means of a switching device that causes the driving device 13 to drive only three connected to the driving device 13 at the same time. One of the phase adjustment units 11 moves.
  • the at least two phase adjustment units are selectively connected to the driving device, and the switching device is configured to select the at least two phase adjustment units to enable the
  • the driving device drives only one of the at least two phase adjusting units connected to the driving device to change the phase at the same time, so that the phase of the corresponding at least two of the phase adjusting units can be adjusted by one driving device, Thereby, the adjustment of the downtilt angle of the antenna unit is achieved. From this, it can be seen that the number of uses of the driving device can be reduced, thereby reducing the cost of the multi-frequency antenna.
  • phase adjustment device in the multi-frequency antenna embodiment is the same in structure and function as the phase adjustment device in the above embodiment, so that the same technical problem can be solved and the same The expected effect.
  • phase adjustment device reference may be made to the above embodiments.
  • embodiment of the invention further provides a phase adjustment device.
  • the phase adjustment device includes at least two phase adjustment units, a driving device, and a switching device; the driving device is configured to drive the phase adjustment unit to move to change a phase; and the switching device is disposed in the at least two phase adjustments Establishing an effective transmission link between the unit and the drive link of the drive device between at least one of the phase adjustment units and the drive device; the drive device being Establishing the transmission link drives the phase adjustment unit movement in the active transmission link.
  • the phase adjusting device further includes a driving phase adjusting unit corresponding to each of the phase adjusting units
  • the transmission mechanism is disposed in the transmission link of the at least two phase adjustment units and the driving device to connect the at least two phase adjustment units to the driving device through the switching device.
  • each of the transmission mechanisms corresponding to the switching device is provided with a clutch, and each of the clutches includes a follower and an active member that can be separated or meshed with each other.
  • a switching member; the follower of the clutch is coupled to the transmission mechanism, the active member is coupled to the driving device and corresponds to the driven member, and the active member is further connected to the a switching member that controls an active member of one of the clutches to be coupled with a corresponding follower, and the active members of the remaining clutch are separated from the driven member.
  • the switching device includes a driving wheel, at least two driven wheels, and a wheel selector; wherein the driving wheel is connectable with the driving device, and the at least two driven wheels can pass through the wheel selector Corresponding to the transmission mechanism, the wheel selector selects one of the at least two driven wheels and the driving wheel to form a transmission chain to drive the corresponding transmission mechanism to move; or the driving wheel can pass
  • the wheel selector is coupled to the driving device, and the at least two driven wheels are connectable to the corresponding transmission mechanism, and the wheel selector selects one of the at least two driven wheels and the driving wheel
  • the transmission chain is configured to drive the corresponding transmission mechanism to move.

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Description

相位调整装置及多频天线 技术领域
本发明涉及通信技术领域， 尤其涉及一种相位调整装置及多频天线。
背景技术
在通信技术领域中需要借助天线来接收和发送信号。 一般而言， 天线都具 有一定的覆盖范围， 在安装天线时需要使天线自身所具有的覆盖范围与人们所 设计的范围重合， 为此可以通过调整天线的下倾角来调整天线自身的覆盖范围。 所谓天线的下倾角也叫做天线俯仰角， 是天线与水平方向的夹角。
通常情况下， 天线下倾角的调整可以通过机械下倾和电下倾来实现。 机械 下倾是物理地向下倾斜天线。 但是物理地向下倾斜天线时施工和维护麻烦， 且 下倾角的调整精度较低 (例如步进精度大致为 1。）。 因此一般情况下可以采用电 下倾， 电下倾的原理是通过改变共线阵天线振子相位的方式来改变垂直分量和 水平分量的幅值大小， 从而改变合成量强度， 从而使天线的垂直方向性图下倾， 达到保持天线静止而调整天线下倾角的目的。
在使用电下倾方式调整天线的下倾角时， 可以通过改变天线的相位来调整 天线波束的下倾角度。 对于具有至少两个天线单元的多频天线 （该多频天线能 够实现至少两个频段的功能， 如一个天线单元实现 800MHz频段的功能， 另一 个天线单元实现或 3G频段的功能等）而言， 可以通过单独调节与每个天线单元 对应的相位调整单元的相位来调节各天线单元的下倾角。 为此， 需要对每个相 位调整单元配置一个传动机构， 各传动机构——对应地连接一个驱动装置 ( RCU, Remote Control Unit, 远程控制单元， 也叫驱动装置）。 如图 1所示， 以一个三频天线为例来说明， 该三频天线具有三个与天线单元 14——对应的相 位调整单元 11 , 为各相位调整单元 11设有一个传动机构 12, 各传动机构 12— 一对应地连接有一个驱动装置 13 , 驱动装置 13控制相应的传动机构 12平动， 通过传动机构 12的平动来调节相应的相位调整单元 11 的相位， 从而实现天线 单元 14的下倾角的调节。
在实现上述使用的过程中， 发明人发现现有技术中至少存在如下问题： 由于对应每个相位调整单元均设有一个驱动装置， 因此多频天线中包括的 频段越多， 需要使用的驱动装置也越多， 而单个驱动装置的成本较高， 因此必 然造成多频天线成本的上升。
发明内容
本发明的实施例提供一种相位调整装置及多频天线， 以降低多频天线的成 本。
为达到上述目的， 本发明的实施例采用如下技术方案：
本发明实施例一方面提供了一种相位调整装置， 所述相位调整装置包括至 少两个相位调整单元、 切换装置、 以及驱动装置； 所述至少两个相位调整单元 用以调节相位； 所述驱动装置用以驱动所述至少两个相位调整单元移动； 所述 的至少两个相位调整单元可选择地与所述驱动装置相连接； 所述切换装置用以 选择所述的至少两个相位调整单元以使所述驱动装置在同一时刻仅驱动与该驱 动装置连接的所述至少两个相位调整单元中的一个移动以实现相位调节。
本发明实施例另一方面还提供了一种多频天线， 所述多频天线包括至少两 个天线单元， 各所述天线单元连接有相位调整装置， 所述相位调整装置包括至 少两个相位调整单元、 切换装置以及驱动装置， 所述至少两个天线单元与所述 至少两个相位调整单元——对应连接； 所述至少两个相位调整单元用以调节相 位； 所述驱动装置用以驱动所述至少两个相位调整单元移动； 所述的至少两个 相位调整单元可选择地与所述驱动装置相连接； 所述切换装置用以选择所述的 至少两个相位调整单元以使所述驱动装置在同一时刻仅驱动与该驱动装置连接 的所述至少两个相位调整单元中的一个移动以实现相位调节。
本发明实施例再一方面还提供了一种相位调整装置， 所述相位调整装置包 括至少两个相位调整单元、 驱动装置、 以及切换装置； 所述驱动装置用以驱动 所述相位调整单元移动以改变相位； 所述切换装置设置在所述至少两个相位调 整单元与所述驱动装置的传动链路中以在各所述相位调整单元中的至少一个相 位调整单元与所述驱动装置之间建立有效传动链路； 所述驱动装置通过由所述 切换装置所建立所述传动链路驱动位于该有效传动链路中的所述相位调整单元 移动。
本发明实施例提供的相位调整装置及多频天线， 由于所述的至少两个相位 调整单元可选择地与所述驱动装置相连接， 且所述切换装置用以选择所述的至 少两个相位调整单元以使所述驱动装置在同一时刻仅驱动与该驱动装置连接的 所述至少两个相位调整单元中的一个移动以改变相位， 因此通过一个驱动装置 可以调节相应的至少两个所述相位调整单元的相位， 从而实现所述天线单元的 下倾角的调节。 由此可知可以减少驱动装置的使用数目， 从而降低多频天线的 成本。
附图说明
图 1为现有技术中多频天线的示意图；
图 2为本发明实施例中相位调整装置的示意图；
图 3为图 2所示相位调整装置中切换装置的一种示意图；
图 4为图 2所示相位调整装置中切换装置的另一种示意图；
图 5为图 2所示相位调整装置中切换装置的再一种示意图；
图 6为图 2所示相位调整装置中切换装置的又一种示意图；
图 7为本发明实施例中多频天线的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明实施例相位调整装置及多频天线进行详细描述。 应当明确， 所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例， 而不是全部的 实施例。 基于本发明中的实施例， 本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动 前提下所获得的所有其它实施例， 都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明实施例提供了一种相位调整装置， 所述相位调整装置包括至少两个 相位调整单元、 切换装置、 以及驱动装置； 所述至少两个相位调整单元用以调 节相位； 所述驱动装置用以驱动所述至少两个相位调整单元移动； 所述的至少 两个相位调整单元可选择地与所述驱动装置相连接； 所述切换装置用以选择所 述的至少两个相位调整单元以使所述驱动装置在同一时刻仅驱动与该驱动装置 连接的所述至少两个相位调整单元中的一个移动以实现相位调节。
本发明实施例提供的相位调整装置， 由于所述的至少两个相位调整单元可 选择地与所述驱动装置相连接， 且所述切换装置用以选择所述的至少两个相位 调整单元以使所述驱动装置在同一时刻仅驱动与该驱动装置连接的所述至少两 个相位调整单元中的一个移动以改变相位， 因此通过一个驱动装置可以调节相 应的至少两个所述相位调整单元的相位， 从而实现所述天线单元的下倾角的调 节。 由此可知可以减少驱动装置的使用数目， 从而降低多频天线的成本。
此外， 由于在所述相位调整装置中减少了对驱动装置的使用数目， 即驱动 装置的数目小于相位调整单元的数目 （由于相位调整单元的数目与多频天线中 频段的数目相同， 因此驱动装置的数目小于多频天线中频段的数目）， 所以驱动 装置占用的空间较小， 对安装空间的要求较低。 而且驱动装置的使用数目减少 时也减少了安装驱动装置的数目， 这样就减少了全部所述驱动装置的安装时间。
下面结合具体的实施例来说明本发明中的相位调整装置。
如图 2所示， 为本发明相位调整装置的一个具体实施例， 其用于调节多频 天线中的各相位调整单元的下倾角。 本实施例中所述相位调整装置包括三个相 位调整单元 11、 切换装置、 以及驱动装置 13。 该三个相位调整单元 11 中的全 部相位调整单元均连接至切换装置， 并通过切换装置连接至驱动装置 13 , 所述 切换装置使驱动装置 13在同一时刻仅驱动与该驱动装置 13连接的三个相位调 整单元 11 中的一个移动。 为使驱动装置 13更好地驱动与之连接的三个相位调 整单元 11 中的一个移动， 所述相位调整装置还包括与每个相位调整单元 11相 对应以驱动相位调整单元移动的传动机构 12, 其中与所述切换装置连接的三个 相位调整单元 11通过相对应的传动机构 12连接至所述切换装置。 例如，所述相位调整装置包括三个相位调整单元 11和三个传动机构 12,分 别为第一相位调整单元 11 ( 1)、 第二相位调整单元 11 (2)和第三相位调整单 元 11 (3 ), 对应于第一相位调整单元 11 ( 1 ) 的第一传动机构 12 ( 1 )、 对应于 第二相位调整单元 11 (2) 的第二传动机构 12 (2)和对应于第三相位调整单元 11 (3) 的第三传动机构 12 (3), 这三个传动机构 12通过所述切换装置连接至 同一个驱动装置 13。
这里需要说明的是， 图 2所示的实施例是以应用在具有三个频段的三频天 线中的相位调整装置为例进行的说明， 在本发明的其他实施例中， 所述多频天 线中可以包括至少两个相位调整单元， 例如可以为两个、 四个及四个以上相位 调整单元等， 而不局限于三个相位调整单元。 此外对于与所述相位调整单元相 对应的各所述传动机构而言， 这些传动机构可以全部通过切换装置连接至同一 至同一个驱动装置， 其中所述切换装置使所述驱动装置一次仅与所述至少两个 传动机构中的一个传动机构连通， 以实现使用一个驱动装置控制至少两个传动 机构平动， 并进而实现使用一个驱动装置调节至少两个相位调整单元的相位， 减少所述驱动装置的使用数目。
在本发明的各实施例中， 能够使驱动装置 13 —次仅与至少两个传动机构 12 中的一个传动机构连通的切换装置具有多种实现结构， 现以举例方式介绍切 换装置的几种具体结构， 应当注意， 下面的介绍仅仅为示例性的， 而不是限制 性的， 任何根据下面说明的方案所做的改进或变型均属于本发明实施例保护的 范围。
例如， 在图 2所示的相位调整装置实施例中， 可以在切换装置中对应与该 切换装置连接的每个传动机构 12设有一个离合器 15, 即对应第一传动机构 12
( 1 )设有第一离合器 15 ( 1)、 对应第二传动机构 12 (2)设有第二离合器 15
(2)、 对应第三传动机构 12 (3)设有第三离合器 15 (3)。 各离合器 15包括可 相互分离或者啮合的从动件 151和主动件 152、 以及切换件 16。 其中各离合器 15的从动件 151与传动机构 12——对应连接、 主动件 152与驱动装置 13连接 并与从动件 151——对应， 且主动件 152还连接有切换件 16, 切换件 16控制各 离合器 15中的一个离合器的主动件 152与对应的从动件 151连接， 其余离合器 的主动件 152与从动件 151分离。
如图 3所示， 当第一离合器 15 ( 1 ) 的主动件 152和从动件 151连接、 且 第二离合器 15 (2)和第三离合器 15 (3) 的主动件 152和从动件 151分离时， 第一传动机构 12 ( 1 )和驱动装置 13连通， 驱动装置 13的电机带动第一传动机 构 12 ( 1 )平动， 并通过该第一传动机构 12 ( 1 ) 的平动来调节第一相位调整单 元的相位并进而实现天线下倾角的调节。 此时由于第二传动机构 12 (2)和第三 传动机构 12 (3) 未与驱动装置 13连通， 因此第二传动机构 12 (2)和第三传 动机构 12 (3) 未发生平动。
如图 4所示， 当第二离合器 15 (2) 的主动件 152和从动件 151连接、 且 第一离合器 15 ( 1 )和第三离合器 15 (3) 的主动件 152和从动件 151分离时， 第二传动机构 12 (2)和驱动装置 13连通， 驱动装置 13的电机带动第二传动机 构 12 (2)平动， 并通过该第二传动机构 12 (2) 的平动来调节第二相位调整单 元的相位并进而实现天线下倾角的调节。 此时由于第一传动机构 12 ( 1 )和第三 传动机构 12 (3 ) 未与驱动装置 13连通， 因此第一传动机构 12 ( 1 )和第三传 动机构 12 (3) 未发生平动。
如图 5所示， 当第三离合器 15 (3) 的主动件 152和从动件 151连接、 且 第一离合器 15 ( 1 )和第二离合器 15 (2) 的主动件 152和从动件 151分离时， 第三传动机构 12 (3 )和驱动装置 13连通， 驱动装置 13的电机带动第三传动机 构 12 (3)平动， 并通过该第三传动机构 12 (3) 的平动来调节第三相位调整单 元的相位并进而实现天线下倾角的调节。 此时由于第一传动机构 12 ( 1 )和第二 传动机构 12 (2) 未与驱动装置 13连通， 因此第一传动机构 12 ( 1 )和第二传 动机构 12 (2) 未发生平动。
第一离合器 15 ( 1)、 第二离合器 15 (2)和第三离合器 15 (3) 的主动件 152和从动件 151的连接和分离的状态可以通过切换件 16来实现。切换件 16可 以控制各离合器 15中的一个离合器的主动件 152与从动件 151连接， 其余离合 器的主动件 152与从动件 151分离。
举例而言， 参见图 3至图 5所示的切换装置的示意图， 由此可以看出， 该 切换装置中的切换件 16可以包括滑板 161 , 滑板 161上设有阶梯型滑道 162, 各离合器 15的主动件 152上套设有套环 163 , 套环 163穿设在滑道 162中， 滑 板 161滑动能够使各离合器 15的主动件 152与对应的从动件 151相互啮合或者 分离。
本发明的其他实施例中， 滑道 162可以不局限于阶梯型滑道， 而是可以为 曲折型的滑道， 且该曲折型的滑道可以实现在滑板 161 滑动时能够使各离合器 15的主动件 152与对应的从动件 151相互啮合或者分离。 下面举例说明使滑板 161滑动， 并以此使各离合器 15的主动件 152与对应的从动件 151相互啮合或 者分离。
例如， 滑板 161可以沿滑道 162的长度方向移动， 同时滑道 162的侧壁迫 使套环 163带动主动件 152沿与滑道 162的长度方向垂直的方向移动， 从而可 以使各离合器 15的主动件 152和从动件 151连接或分离。 现在对各离合器 15 的主动件 152和从动件 151在滑板 161的运动下相互连接或分离的过程详细描 述。
在图 3所示的状态下， 第一离合器 15 ( 1 ) 的主动件 152和从动件 151连 接、 第二离合器 15 ( 2 )和第三离合器 15 ( 3 )的主动件 152和从动件 151分离。 此时以图 3所示的状态为初始状态， 滑板 161可以向右运动， 即如图 4中向右 的箭头所示滑板 161沿滑道 162的长度方向向右运动， 运动后的状态如图 4所 示。 在滑板 161向右运动时， 滑板 161 中的滑道 162也随之向右运动， 由于滑 道 162为阶梯型滑道 (即在与滑道 162的长度方向相垂直的方向上， 滑道 162 距各离合器 15的从动件 152的距离时大时小）， 因此滑道 162沿其长度方向向 右运动时， 可以使第一离合器 15 ( 1 )上的套环 163从位于滑板 161左侧的滑道 162的凸起处滑移到凹陷处， 并使第二离合器 15 (2)上的套环 163从位于滑板 161右侧的滑道 162的凹陷处滑移到凸起处， 而第三离合器 15(3 )上的套环 163 则沿位于滑板 161右侧的滑道 162无起伏的滑移， 从而使得各离合器 15仅在与 滑道 162的长度方向垂直的方向上移动， 即在由图 3所示状态变化到图 4所示 状态的过程中， 第一离合器 15 ( 1 )的主动件 152向下滑移、 第二离合器 15 (2) 的主动件 152向上滑移、 第三离合器 15 (3)的主动件 152保持不动。 这样在图 4所示的状态下， 可以使第二离合器 15 (2) 的主动件 152和从动件 151连接、 第一离合器 15 ( 1 )和第三离合器 15 (3) 的主动件 152和从动件 151分离。
或者以图 3所示的状态为初始状态， 滑板 161还可以向左运动， 即如图 5 中向左的箭头所示驱动滑板 161沿滑道 162的长度方向向左运动， 运动后的状 态如图 5所示。 在驱动滑板 161向左运动时， 滑板 161 中的滑道 162也随之向 左运动， 由于滑道 162为阶梯型滑道， 因此滑道 162沿其长度方向向左运动时， 可以使第一离合器 15 ( 1 )上的套环 163从位于滑板 161左侧的滑道 162的凸起 处滑移到凹陷处， 并使第三离合器 15 (3 )上的套环 163从位于滑板 161右侧的 滑道 162的凹陷处滑移到凸起处， 而第二离合器 15 (2)上的套环 163则沿位于 滑板 161右侧的滑道 162无起伏的滑移， 从而使得各离合器 15仅在与滑道 162 的长度方向垂直的方向上移动， 即在由图 3所示状态变化到图 5所示状态的过 程中， 第一离合器 15 ( 1 ) 的主动件 152向下滑移、 第三离合器 15 (3) 的主动 件 152向上滑移、 第二离合器 15 (2)的主动件 152保持不动。 这样在图 5所示 的状态下， 可以使第三离合器 15 (3)的主动件 152和从动件 151连接、 第一离 合器 15 ( 1 )和第二离合器 15 (2) 的主动件 152和从动件 151分离。
由上面的说明可知， 各离合器 15的主动件 152和从动件 151 可以在滑板 161的运动下相互连接或分离。
其中需要说明的是， 再次参见图 2, 在通过滑板 161、 滑道 162 以及套环 163将各离合器 15中的一个离合器连接并将其余离合器分离后， 可以通过一些 常用的机构 17来将驱动装置 13的电机的运动传递到已连接的离合器 15上， 例 如该常用的机构 17可以为齿轮机构、带轮机构、链轮机构以及曲柄滑块机构等。 一般而言，套环 163的内径与各离合器 15的主动件 152的外径之间可以具 有间隙。 这样再次参见图 3至图 5可知， 套环 163既可以带动各主动件 152在 垂直于滑道 162的方向上上下滑移， 而且由于所述间隙的存在套环 163又不会 影响各离合器 15跟随与之连接的转轴转动。 此外， 为便于套环 163从滑道 162 的凸起处滑移到凹陷处或从滑道 162 的凹陷处滑移到凸起处， 可以使滑道 162 的凸起处和凹陷处之间的夹角形成钝角， 并可以进一步地在该钝角处设有倒角 或倒圓。
通常情况下， 当两个或三个离合器 15对应一个滑板 161 时， 可以在滑板 161 上设有一条滑道， 通过该滑道所具有的阶梯形状来使该两个或三个离合器 15中的一个离合器连接、 并使其他离合器分离。 而当更多个离合器 15对应一个 滑板 161、且仅在滑板 161上设置一条滑道来保证各离合器中的一个离合器连接 而其余离合器分离时， 则该一条滑道的阶梯形状将会较为复杂， 因此可以在滑 板 161上设置两条或更多条滑道， 以使得各条滑道的形状较为简单并便于制作。
除上面所述的切换件 16, 还可以应用其他形式的切换件。 如， 所述切换装 置中的切换件 16还可以包括与各离合器 15的主动件 152——对应连接的驱动 部件， 各所述驱动部件连接有控制器， 所述控制器控制所述电机带动所述主动 件与对应的从动件相互啮合或者分离。 其中， 该控制器可以向各所述驱动部件 发送电平信号， 当接收到高电平信号后驱动部件启动， 启动的驱动部件通过传 动机构 （该传动机构用于将驱动部件的运动和动力传送给离合器的主动部件 152, 区别于所述的传动机构 12 )带动相应的离合器 15的主动件 152上下移动， 以使各离合器中的一个离合器连接、 并使其余离合器分离。 所述的驱动部件可 以为但并不局限于电机。
除上面描述的切换装置结构之外， 所述切换装置还可以具有其他的实现结 构， 例如所述切换装置还可以包括主动轮、 至少两个从动轮、 和选轮器； 其中， 方式一， 所述主动轮可以与所述驱动装置连接， 所述至少两个从动轮可以 通过所述选轮器与相应的所述传动机构连接， 所述选轮器选择所述至少两个从 动轮中的一个与所述主动轮构成传动链以带动相应的所述传动机构移动； 或者， 方式二， 所述主动轮可以通过所述选轮器与所述驱动装置连接， 所述至少 两个从动轮可以与相应的所述传动机构连接， 所述选轮器选择所述至少两个从 动轮中的一个与所述主动轮构成传动链以带动相应的所述传动机构移动。
下面说明在方式二下， 如何通过选轮器选择至少两个从动轮中的一个与主 动轮构成传动链。 应当理解， 在方式一下通过选轮器选择至少两个从动轮中的 一个与主动轮构成传动链的过程与方式二类似， 可以通过对方式二的描述来确 定方式一的过程。
如图 6所示， 在本发明的另一实施例中， 所述切换装置包括主动轮 22、 三 个从动轮 20和选轮器 23。 其中， 每个传动机构 12通过从动轴 19连接一个从动 轮 20, 分别为： 第一传动机构 12 ( 1 )通过第一从动轴 19 ( 1 )连接第一从动轮 20 ( 1 ), 第二传动机构 12 ( 2 )通过第二从动轴 19 ( 2 )连接有第二从动轮 20 ( 2 ), 第三传动机构 12 ( 3 )通过第三从动轴 19 ( 3 )连接有第三从动轮（ 3 )。 同位置处， 例如在图 6所示的状态下， 第一从动轮 20 ( 1 )的位置位于中间、 第 二从动轮 20 ( 2 ) 的位置位于前部、 第三从动轮 20 ( 3 ) 的设置位置位于后部。 平行于各从动轴 19设有一个主动轴 21 , 主动轴 21上设有一个主动轮 22, 主动 轮 22还连接有选轮器 23 , 选轮器 23选择三个从动轮 20中的一个与主动轮 22 构成传动链以带动相应的传动机构 12移动。
需要说明的是， 当各传动机构 12的运动为平动， 而各从动轮的运动为转动 时， 可以在每个从动轴 19上设有一个变换部件 18以将从动轮 20的转动转换为 平动， 而后再传递给各传动机构 12, 其中变换部件 18 包括： 设在第一从动轴 19 ( 1 )上的第一变换部件 18 ( 1 )、 设在第二从动轴 19 ( 2 )上的第二变换部件 18 ( 2 )、 以及设在第三从动轴 19 ( 3 )上的第三变换部件 18 ( 3 )。
当主动轮 22与第一从动轮 20 ( 1 )啮合、 且与第二从动轮 20 ( 2 )和第三 从动轮 20 (3)分离时， 将主动轴 21与驱动装置 13连接后， 第一传动机构 12 ( 1 )和驱动装置 13连通， 驱动装置 13的电机带动第一传动机构 12 ( 1 )平动， 并通过该第一传动机构 12 ( 1 )的平动来调节第一相位调整单元的相位并进而实 现天线下倾角的调节。 此时由于第二传动机构 12 (2)和第三传动机构 12 (3) 未与驱动装置 13连通， 因此第二传动机构 12 (2)和第三传动机构 12 (3) 未 发生平动。
当主动轮 22与第二从动轮 20 ( 2 )啮合、 且与第一从动轮 20 ( 1 )和第三 从动轮 20 (3)分离时， 将主动轴 21与驱动装置 13连接后， 第二传动机构 12 (2)和驱动装置 13连通， 驱动装置 13的电机带动第二传动机构 12 (2)平动， 并通过该第二传动机构 12(2)的平动来调节第二相位调整单元的相位并进而实 现天线下倾角的调节。 此时由于第一传动机构 12 ( 1 )和第三传动机构 12 (3) 未与驱动装置 13连通， 因此第一传动机构 12 ( 1 )和第三传动机构 12 (3 ) 未 发生平动。
当主动轮 22与第三从动轮 20 ( 3 )啮合、 且与第一从动轮 20 ( 1 )和第二 从动轮 20 (3)分离时， 将主动轴 21与驱动装置 13连接后， 第三传动机构 12 ( 3 )和驱动装置 13连通， 驱动装置 13的电机带动第三传动机构 12 ( 3 )平动， 并通过该第三传动机构 12 (3 )的平动来调节第三相位调整单元的相位并进而实 现天线下倾角的调节。 此时由于第一传动机构 12 ( 1 )和第二传动机构 12 (2) 未与驱动装置 13连通， 因此第一传动机构 12 ( 1 )和第二传动机构 12 (2) 未 发生平动。
下面举例说明如何通过选轮器 23选择三个从动轮 20中的一个与主动轮 22 构成传动链以带动相应的传动机构 12移动。 应当注意， 下面的介绍仅仅为示例 性的， 而不是限制性的。
在图 6所示的状态下， 主动轮 22与第一从动轮 20 ( 1 )啮合， 并与第二从 动轮 20 (2)和第三从动轮 20 (3)分离。 以图 6所示的状态为初始状态， 选轮 器 23可以驱动主动轴 21连同主动轮 22沿主动轴 21的长度方向向前部运动， 以使主动轮 22与第一从动轮 20 ( 1 )脱离啮合并与第二从动轮 20 ( 2 )进入啮 合。 或者， 以图 6所示的状态为初始状态， 选轮器 23还可以驱动主动轴 21连 同主动轮 22沿主动轴 21的长度方向向后部运动， 以使主动轮 22与第一从动轮 20 ( 1 )脱离啮合并与第三从动轮 20 ( 3 )进入啮合。
通常而言， 可以使第一从动轮 20 ( 1 )、 第二从动轮 20 ( 2 )和第三从动轮 20 ( 3 ) 的大小相同， 以便使得由各从动轮传递而来的运动和动力相同。 当然并 不局限于此， 在本发明的其他实施例中也可以使第一从动轮 20 ( 1 )、 第二从动 轮 20 ( 2 )和第三从动轮 20 ( 3 ) 的大小互不相同或个别不相同。 此外， 从动轮 22的大小可以和各从动轮的大小相同或不同， 这可以视具体情况而定。
应当理解， 本发明实施例中的主动轮或从动轮可以为齿轮。 但并不局限于 此， 上述技术方案还可以通过皮带传动、 链条传动等方式来实现。
除上述实施例外， 本发明还提供了一种多频天线的实施例。 如图 7所示， 所述多频天线包括三个天线单元 14, 各天线单元 14连接有相位调整装置， 所述 相位调整装置包括三个相位调整单元 11、 切换装置、 以及驱动装置 13 , 三个天 线单元 14与三个相位调整单元 11——对应连接。 该三个相位调整单元 11中的 全部相位调整单元均连接至切换装置， 并通过切换装置连接至驱动装置 13 , 所 述切换装置使驱动装置 13在同一时刻仅驱动与该驱动装置 13连接的三个相位 调整单元 11中的一个移动。
本实施例提供的多频天线， 由于所述的至少两个相位调整单元可选择地与 所述驱动装置相连接， 且所述切换装置用以选择所述的至少两个相位调整单元 以使所述驱动装置在同一时刻仅驱动与该驱动装置连接的所述至少两个相位调 整单元中的一个移动以改变相位， 因此通过一个驱动装置可以调节相应的至少 两个所述相位调整单元的相位， 从而实现所述天线单元的下倾角的调节。 由此 可知可以减少驱动装置的使用数目， 从而降低多频天线的成本。
需要说明的是， 该多频天线实施例中的相位调整装置与上述实施例中的相 位调整装置在结构和功能上均相同， 因此能够解决相同的技术问题， 达到相同 的预期效果。 关于所述相位调整装置的具体说明， 可以参见上述的实施例。 除此之外， 本发明实施例还提供了一种相位调整装置。 所述相位调整装置 包括至少两个相位调整单元、 驱动装置、 以及切换装置； 所述驱动装置用以驱 动所述相位调整单元移动以改变相位； 所述切换装置设置在所述至少两个相位 调整单元与所述驱动装置的传动链路中以在各所述相位调整单元中的至少一个 相位调整单元与所述驱动装置之间建立有效传动链路； 所述驱动装置通过由所 述切换装置所建立所述传动链路驱动位于该有效传动链路中的所述相位调整单 元移动。
为使所述驱动装置更好地驱动与之连接的所述至少两个相位调整单元中的 一个移动， 所述相位调整装置还包括与每个所述相位调整单元相对应以驱动相 位调整单元移动的传动机构， 所述传动机构设置在所述至少两个相位调整单元 与所述驱动装置的传动链路中以将所述至少两个相位调整单元通过所述切换装 置连接至所述驱动装置。
对于所述切换装置而言， 在所述切换装置中对应与所述切换装置连接的每 个所述传动机构设有一个离合器， 各所述离合器包括可相互分离或者啮合的从 动件及主动件、 以及切换件； 所述离合器的从动件与所述传动机构——对应连 接、 主动件与所述驱动装置连接并与所述从动件——对应， 且所述主动件还连 接所述切换件， 所述切换件控制各所述离合器中的一个离合器的主动件与对应 的从动件连接， 其余离合器的主动件与从动件分离。
或者， 所述切换装置包括主动轮、 至少两个从动轮、 和选轮器； 其中， 所 述主动轮可以与所述驱动装置连接， 所述至少两个从动轮可以通过所述选轮器 与相应的所述传动机构连接， 所述选轮器选择所述至少两个从动轮中的一个与 所述主动轮构成传动链以带动相应的所述传动机构移动； 或者， 所述主动轮可 以通过所述选轮器与所述驱动装置连接， 所述至少两个从动轮可以与相应的所 述传动机构连接， 所述选轮器选择所述至少两个从动轮中的一个与所述主动轮 构成传动链以带动相应的所述传动机构移动。 以上所述， 仅为本发明的具体实施方式， 但本发明的保护范围并不局限于 此， 任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内， 可轻易想到 变化或替换， 都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。 因此， 本发明的保护范围应 以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种相位调整装置， 其特征在于， 包括至少两个相位调整单元、 切换装 置、 以及驱动装置； 所述至少两个相位调整单元用以调节相位；
所述驱动装置用以驱动所述至少两个相位调整单元移动；
所述的至少两个相位调整单元可选择地与所述驱动装置相连接；
所述切换装置用以选择所述的至少两个相位调整单元以使所述驱动装置在 同一时刻仅驱动与该驱动装置连接的所述至少两个相位调整单元中的一个移动 以实现相位调节。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的相位调整装置， 其特征在于， 所述相位调整装置 还包括与每个所述相位调整单元相对应以驱动相位调整单元移动的传动机构， 与所述切换装置连接的至少两个相位调整单元通过相对应的所述传动机构连接 至所述切换装置。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的相位调整装置， 其特征在于， 在所述切换装置中 对应与所述切换装置连接的每个所述传动机构设有一个离合器， 各所述离合器 包括可相互分离或者啮合的从动件和主动件、 以及切换件； 所述离合器的从动 件与所述传动机构——对应连接、 主动件与所述驱动装置连接并与所述从动件 ——对应， 且所述主动件还连接所述切换件， 所述切换件控制各所述离合器中 的一个离合器的主动件与对应的从动件连接， 其余离合器的主动件与从动件分 离。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的相位调整装置， 其特征在于， 所述切换件包括滑 板， 所述滑板上设有曲折型滑道， 所述主动件上套设有套环， 所述套环穿设在 所述滑道中， 所述滑板滑动使所述主动件与对应的从动件相互啮合或者分离。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的相位调整装置， 其特征在于， 所述滑板沿所述滑 道的长度方向移动的同时， 所述滑道的侧壁迫使所述套环带动所述主动件沿与 所述滑道的长度方向垂直的方向移动以使所述主动件与对应的从动件相互啮合 或者分离。
6、 根据权利要求 3所述的相位调整装置， 其特征在于， 所述切换件包括与 各所述离合器的主动件——对应连接的驱动部件， 各所述驱动部件连接有控制 器， 所述控制器控制各所述驱动部件带动所述主动件与对应的从动件相互啮合 或者分离。
7、 根据权利要求 2所述的相位调整装置， 其特征在于， 所述切换装置包括 主动轮、 至少两个从动轮、 和选轮器；
所述主动轮与所述驱动装置连接， 所述至少两个从动轮通过所述选轮器与 相应的所述传动机构连接， 所述选轮器选择所述至少两个从动轮中的一个与所 所述主动轮通过所述选轮器与所述驱动装置连接， 所述至少两个从动轮与 相应的所述传动机构连接， 所述选轮器选择所述至少两个从动轮中的一个与所
8、 一种多频天线， 其特征在于， 包括至少两个天线单元， 各所述天线单元 连接有相位调整装置， 所述相位调整装置包括至少两个相位调整单元、 切换装 应连接；
所述至少两个相位调整单元用以调节相位；
所述驱动装置用以驱动所述至少两个相位调整单元移动；
所述的至少两个相位调整单元可选择地与所述驱动装置相连接；
所述切换装置用以选择所述的至少两个相位调整单元以使所述驱动装置在 同一时刻仅驱动与该驱动装置连接的所述至少两个相位调整单元中的一个移动 以实现相位调节。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的多频天线， 其特征在于， 所述相位调整装置还包 括与每个所述相位调整单元相对应以驱动相位调整单元移动的传动机构， 与所 述切换装置连接的至少两个相位调整单元通过相对应的所述传动机构连接至所 述切换装置。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的多频天线， 其特征在于， 在所述切换装置中对 应与所述切换装置连接的每个所述传动机构设有一个离合器， 各所述离合器包 括可相互分离或者啮合的从动件和主动件、 以及切换件； 所述离合器的从动件 与所述传动机构——对应连接、 主动件与所述驱动装置连接并与所述从动件一 一对应， 且所述主动件还连接所述切换件， 所述切换件控制各所述离合器中的 一个离合器的主动件与对应的从动件连接， 其余离合器的主动件与从动件分离。
11、根据权利要求 10所述的多频天线，其特征在于，所述切换件包括滑板， 所述滑板上设有阶梯型滑道， 所述主动件上套设有套环， 所述套环穿设在所述 滑道中， 所述滑板滑动使所述主动件与相应地从动件相互啮合或者分离。
12、 根据权利要求 11所述的多频天线， 其特征在于， 所述滑板沿所述滑道 的长度方向移动的同时， 所述滑道的侧壁迫使所述套环带动所述主动件沿与所 述滑道的长度方向垂直的方向移动以使所述主动件与对应地从动件相互啮合或 者分离。
13、 根据权利要求 10所述的多频天线， 其特征在于， 所述切换件包括与各 所述离合器的主动件——对应连接的驱动部件， 各所述驱动部件连接有控制器， 所述控制器控制各所述驱动部件带动所述主动件与对应的从动件相互啮合或者 分离。
14、 根据权利要求 9所述的多频天线， 其特征在于， 所述切换装置包括主 动轮、 至少两个从动轮、 和选轮器；
所述主动轮与所述驱动装置连接， 所述至少两个从动轮通过所述选轮器与 相应的所述传动机构连接， 所述选轮器选择所述至少两个从动轮中的一个与所 所述主动轮通过所述选轮器与所述驱动装置连接， 所述至少两个从动轮与 相应的所述传动机构连接， 所述选轮器选择所述至少两个从动轮中的一个与所
15、 一种相位调整装置， 其特征在于， 包括至少两个相位调整单元、 驱动 装置、 以及切换装置； 所述驱动装置用以驱动所述相位调整单元移动以改变相 位； 所述切换装置设置在所述至少两个相位调整单元与所述驱动装置的传动链 路中以在各所述相位调整单元中的至少一个相位调整单元与所述驱动装置之间 建立有效传动链路； 所述驱动装置通过由所述切换装置所建立所述传动链路驱 动位于该有效传动链路中的所述相位调整单元移动。
16、 根据权利要求 15所述的相位调整装置， 其特征在于， 所述相位调整装 置还包括与每个所述相位调整单元相对应以驱动相位调整单元移动的传动机 构， 所述传动机构设置在所述至少两个相位调整单元与所述驱动装置的传动链 路中以将所述至少两个相位调整单元通过所述切换装置连接至所述驱动装置。
17、 根据权利要求 16所述的相位调整装置， 其特征在于， 在所述切换装置 中对应与所述切换装置连接的每个所述传动机构设有一个离合器， 各所述离合 器包括可相互分离或者啮合的从动件及主动件、 以及切换件； 所述离合器的从 动件与所述传动机构——对应连接、 主动件与所述驱动装置连接并与所述从动 件——对应， 且所述主动件还连接所述切换件， 所述切换件控制各所述离合器 中的一个离合器的主动件与对应的从动件连接， 其余离合器的主动件与从动件 分离。
18、 根据权利要求 16所述的相位调整装置， 其特征在于， 所述切换装置包 括主动轮、 至少两个从动轮、 和选轮器；
所述主动轮与所述驱动装置连接， 所述至少两个从动轮通过所述选轮器与 相应的所述传动机构连接， 所述选轮器选择所述至少两个从动轮中的一个与所 所述主动轮通过所述选轮器与所述驱动装置连接， 所述至少两个从动轮与 相应的所述传动机构连接， 所述选轮器选择所述至少两个从动轮中的一个与所
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