WO2011095571A2 - Verfahren zur herstellung von astaxanthin-dimethyldisuccinat - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung von astaxanthin-dimethyldisuccinat Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011095571A2 WO2011095571A2 PCT/EP2011/051618 EP2011051618W WO2011095571A2 WO 2011095571 A2 WO2011095571 A2 WO 2011095571A2 EP 2011051618 W EP2011051618 W EP 2011051618W WO 2011095571 A2 WO2011095571 A2 WO 2011095571A2
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- reaction mixture
- formula
- astaxanthin
- dichloromethane
- water
- Prior art date
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- 235000013795 astaxanthin dimethyldisuccinate Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 5
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 123
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 72
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 65
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
- JEBFVOLFMLUKLF-IFPLVEIFSA-N Astaxanthin Natural products CC(=C/C=C/C(=C/C=C/C1=C(C)C(=O)C(O)CC1(C)C)/C)C=CC=C(/C)C=CC=C(/C)C=CC2=C(C)C(=O)C(O)CC2(C)C JEBFVOLFMLUKLF-IFPLVEIFSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 235000013793 astaxanthin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 31
- MQZIGYBFDRPAKN-ZWAPEEGVSA-N astaxanthin Chemical compound C([C@H](O)C(=O)C=1C)C(C)(C)C=1/C=C/C(/C)=C/C=C/C(/C)=C/C=C/C=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)C(=O)[C@@H](O)CC1(C)C MQZIGYBFDRPAKN-ZWAPEEGVSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 229940022405 astaxanthin Drugs 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000001168 astaxanthin Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical group C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 9
- WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium methoxide Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 7
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010626 work up procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- XWGXLRRTBBCVMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbutanedioyl dichloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C(C)CC(Cl)=O XWGXLRRTBBCVMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006317 isomerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 6
- FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011877 solvent mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010533 azeotropic distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007239 Wittig reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004714 phosphonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003222 pyridines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000012045 crude solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 that is Chemical compound 0.000 description 3
- VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Dimethylaminopyridine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=NC=C1 VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FIQMHBFVRAXMOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphane oxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 FIQMHBFVRAXMOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RBACIKXCRWGCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Epoxybutane Chemical compound CCC1CO1 RBACIKXCRWGCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2,4-di(pentan-2-yl)phenoxy]acetyl chloride Chemical compound CCCC(C)C1=CC=C(OCC(Cl)=O)C(C(C)CCC)=C1 NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-azaniumyl-2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound NCC(O)C(O)=O BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KOMMINMRMUMQFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-chloro-2-methyl-4-oxobutanoic acid;2-methylbutanedioyl dichloride Chemical compound OC(=O)C(C)CC(Cl)=O.ClC(=O)C(C)CC(Cl)=O KOMMINMRMUMQFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000972773 Aulopiformes Species 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 0 CC[C@](CP(c1ccccc1)(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1)[C@@](C)CC(*)=C Chemical compound CC[C@](CP(c1ccccc1)(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1)[C@@](C)CC(*)=C 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000003109 Karl Fischer titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007295 Wittig olefination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003674 animal food additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001514 astaxanthins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001244 carboxylic acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019688 fish Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003840 hydrochlorides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940071870 hydroiodic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012442 inert solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940098779 methanesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SRXOJMOGPYFZKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 4-chloro-4-oxobutanoate Chemical compound COC(=O)CCC(Cl)=O SRXOJMOGPYFZKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYMDGNCVAMGZFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylbutazonum Chemical compound O=C1C(CCCC)C(=O)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)N1C1=CC=CC=C1 VYMDGNCVAMGZFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000019612 pigmentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019515 salmon Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005270 trialkylamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triflic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C45/00—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
- C07C45/61—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups
- C07C45/67—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton
- C07C45/68—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms
- C07C45/72—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reactions not involving the formation of >C = O groups by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms by reaction of compounds containing >C = O groups with the same or other compounds containing >C = O groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C403/00—Derivatives of cyclohexane or of a cyclohexene or of cyclohexadiene, having a side-chain containing an acyclic unsaturated part of at least four carbon atoms, this part being directly attached to the cyclohexane or cyclohexene or cyclohexadiene rings, e.g. vitamin A, beta-carotene, beta-ionone
- C07C403/24—Derivatives of cyclohexane or of a cyclohexene or of cyclohexadiene, having a side-chain containing an acyclic unsaturated part of at least four carbon atoms, this part being directly attached to the cyclohexane or cyclohexene or cyclohexadiene rings, e.g. vitamin A, beta-carotene, beta-ionone having side-chains substituted by six-membered non-aromatic rings, e.g. beta-carotene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2601/00—Systems containing only non-condensed rings
- C07C2601/12—Systems containing only non-condensed rings with a six-membered ring
- C07C2601/16—Systems containing only non-condensed rings with a six-membered ring the ring being unsaturated
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an improved process for preparing all-E astaxanthin dimethyldisuccinate of the formula I.
- Astaxanthin itself is a renowned dye, which is mainly used as a feed additive for the pigmentation of farmed salmon.
- This reaction can be carried out, for example, in dichloromethane using methanolic sodium methoxide solution as base (see also WO 2007128574) or by heating the components of the formulas II and III in 1, 2-epoxybutane.
- WO 03/066583 proposed various diesters of astaxanthin, wherein, inter alia, astaxanthin dimethyldisuccinate of the formula I is called.
- crystalline astaxanthin is reacted in an inert solvent with a carboxylic acid chloride or a carboxylic acid anhydride in the presence of an organic base
- a disadvantage of this procedure is that crystalline astaxanthin is used as starting material for the esterification.
- the production of crystalline astaxanthin as an intermediate for the esterification means a considerable production cost for crystallization, filtration, washing, drying, filling, storage and metering of the solid in the subsequent stage.
- in the crystallization of astaxanthin yield losses due to the residual solubility of the desired product in the mother liquor. It was an object of the present invention to improve the disadvantages of the known synthesis of astaxanthin dimethyl disuccinate of the formula I.
- the process for the preparation of astaxanthin dimethyl disuccinate of the formula I should be simplified and, on the other hand, the yield and purity of astaxanthin dimethyl disuccinate of the formula I should be improved.
- X is the anion of an organic or inorganic acid HX, in a solvent comprising dichloromethane, by addition of a solution of an alkali or alkaline earth metal alcoholate M 1 OR 1 or M 2 (OR 1 ) 2 in an alcohol R 1 OH as base, wherein
- M 1 is Li, Na, K or Rb,
- M 2 is equal to Mg, Ca, Sr or Ba
- R 1 is methyl, ethyl, n-propyl or iso-propyl
- a cio-dialdehyde of the formula II n a double Wittig reaction with a Ci5-phosphonium salt of the formula III wherein X "is the anion of an organic or inorganic acid HX, such as, for example, hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid or hydroiodic acid, a sulfonic acid, such as methanesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid or trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, or a trihaloacetic acid, such as trifluoroacetic acid or trichloroacetic acid, in a solvent comprising dichloromethane, by adding a solution of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal alcoholate M 1 OR 1 or M 2 (OR 1 ) 2 , preferably an alkali metal alcoholate M 1 OR 1 in an alcohol R 1 OH as base, in which
- M 1 is Li, Na, K or Rb, preferably Li or Na, in particular Na,
- M 2 is Mg, Ca, Sr or Ba, preferably Mg
- R 1 is methyl, ethyl, n-propyl or iso-propyl, preferably methyl or ethyl, in particular methyl, to give an astaxanthin of the formula IV
- the anion X " is chloride or bromide.
- process step a preference is given first to the cio-dialdehyde of the formula II and the C 15-phosphonium salt of the formula III in a solvent containing more than 90% by volume, particularly preferably more than 95% by volume, of dichloromethane, based on the total volume of the solvent , Especially in pure dichloromethane, that is, dichloromethane having a purity of greater than 99 vol .-%, dissolved.
- process step a preferably the compounds of the formulas II and III are condensed by adding a solution of sodium methoxide in methanol as the base to the astaxanthin of the formula IV.
- the two newly formed double bonds are present both in the Z configuration and in the E configuration.
- the two newly formed double bonds in the astaxanthin of the formula IV have the E, E configuration.
- the proportion of newly formed Z-configuration double bonds in the mixture of astaxanthin of formula IV is up to 25%.
- the reaction mixture is preferably subjected to an aqueous work-up to remove the salts M 1 X or M 2 X 2 .
- a crude solution of astaxanthin of the formula IV in dichloromethane which is saturated in water and contains radicals on the alcohol R 1 OH, in particular methanol, is obtained as the reaction mixture.
- the alcohol R 1 OH from the reaction mixture of process step a) by repeatedly washing the reaction mixture with water or by distilling off a solvent mixture containing dichloromethane and the alcohol R 1 OH, in particular by distilling off the solvent mixture containing dichloromethane and Alcohol R 1 OH, optionally followed by drying of the reaction mixture by removal of water by azeotropic distillation of dichloromethane and water.
- process step b) by repeated distillation, washing the distillate with water and returning the washed distillate in the astaxanthin Rohten the alcohol R 1 OH, in particular methanol, removed.
- removal of the methanol from the reaction mixture may be carried out batchwise in several stages as described above.
- the removal of the methanol from the reaction mixture is preferably carried out continuously by removing the methanol from the reaction mixture by continuous washing of the methanol-containing dichloromethane distillate with water in a mixer / settler apparatus.
- the organic lower phase is continuously recycled to the crude astaxanthin solution until the crude astaxanthin solution is methanol-free.
- the water-saturated astaxanthin crude solution is preferably dried by methods known to those skilled in the art, preferably by azeotropic distillation (dichloromethane / water heteroazeotrope). This can be achieved by Or distilling or by circling out of water by means of a suitably designed water separator.
- process step c) of the process according to the invention the astaxanthin of the formula IV which is present in the reaction mixture treated in process step b) is dissolved in dichloromethane by adding methylsuccinoyl chloride of the formula V
- R 1 OH-free preferably anhydrous, especially methanol and anhydrous dichloromethane solution of crude astaxanthin is in a conventional manner with the Methylsuccinoychlorid of formula V in the presence of an organic base to the astaxanthin dimethyldisuccinate the formula la implemented.
- Anhydrous or R 1 OH-free in this context means a water content or an R 1 OH content in the reaction mixture of less than 0.2 wt .-%, preferably less than 0.1 wt .-%, in particular less than 0.075 wt .-% water or R 1 OH based on the mass of the reaction mixture.
- organic, nitrogen-containing base for example, amines such as primary, secondary or tertiary alkyl or aryl amines, or basic nitrogen-containing heteroaromatics such as pyridine or pyridine derivatives can be used.
- a trialkylamine such as triethylamine, pyridine or a dialkylaminopyridine such as 4-dimethylaminopyridine is preferably used.
- Particularly preferred in process step c) is the organic, nitrogen-containing base pyridine or a pyridine derivative.
- the molar ratio astaxanthin: methylsuccinoyl chloride ranges from 1: 2.0 to 1: 3.0, preferably 1: 2.1 to 1: 2.5.
- the base is used at least stoichiometrically to the acid chloride, but preferably in an excess of 10-50 mol%, based on methylsuccinoyl chloride.
- the reaction temperature may be from - 10 ° C to the reflux temperature of the reaction mixture.
- the reaction is carried out in the temperature range of 0 to 25 ° C.
- reaction mixture from process step c) is worked up in water to remove water-soluble salts.
- the hydrochlorides of the organic, nitrogen-containing base are largely removed, as well as possibly still existing, in process step a) resulting salts M 1 X or M 2 X 2 from the dichloromethane-containing reaction mixture.
- the solvent is dichloromethane by an alcohol R 2 OH by removing the dichloromethane from the reaction mixture of process step d) by distillation and adding the alcohol R 2 OH to the reaction mixture, wherein R 2 is methyl, ethyl, n Propyl or i-propyl, especially methyl is replaced.
- the alcohol R 2 OH is preferably methanol.
- the solvent exchange can be carried out stepwise by distilling off a certain amount of dichloromethane and replacing it with a certain amount of alcohol R 2 OH and repeating this procedure until the dichloromethane has been removed in the desired amount, preferably completely.
- the dichloromethane removed by distillation can also be continuously replaced by the corresponding volume of the alcohol R 2 OH (isochoric procedure).
- Complete removal of dichloromethane means in the above context that the residual content of dichloromethane is less than 0.5 wt .-%, preferably less than 0.1 wt .-%, in particular less than 0.05 wt .-% dichloromethane based on the mass of the reaction mixture.
- the solvent exchange is carried out in order to be able to crystallize the astaxanthin dimethyl disuccinate of the formula Ia and in particular the all-E astaxanthin dimethyl disuccinate of the formula I which are readily soluble in dichloromethane from an alcohol R 2 OH, the triphenylphosphine oxide still present from process step a) remains in solution and thus is easily separated from the crystalline product.
- the alcohol R 2 OH in particular methanol
- water is added, the amount of water is chosen so that the Triphenylphoshinoxid not precipitate.
- the water at least partially, even before the solvent exchange (step e)) have been added to the reaction mixture.
- the water is added to the reaction mixture only after the solvent exchange of dichloromethane against the alcohol R 2 OH, in particular against methanol.
- Preference is given to a water content of 10 to 90% by volume, particularly preferably 30 to 70% by volume, very particularly preferably 40 to 60% by volume, in particular 45 to 55% by volume of water, based on the total volume of water Reaction mixture set.
- the astaxanthin dimethyldisuccinate of the formula Ia prepared by process step c) is heated to at least 50 ° C. to give the all-E astaxanthin dimethyldisuccinate of the formula I by heating the R 2 OH-containing reaction mixture from process step e) isomerized, wherein the reaction mixture has a water content of 10 to 90% by volume, particularly preferably 30 to 70% by volume, very particularly preferably 40 to 60% by volume, in particular 45 to 55% by volume of water, based on the total volume of the reaction mixture, and wherein the all-E astaxanthin dimethyldisuccinate of the formula I is obtained in crystalline form and then optionally isolated.
- the reaction mixture from process step e) is preferably isomerized at a temperature between 80 and 120 ° C., more preferably between 90 and 110 ° C. If the desired temperature above the boiling point of the solvent or the solvent mixture is below atmospheric pressure, the reaction mixture is heated in a closed system, which is suitable for the building up pressure.
- the thermal isomerization in aqueous methanol is preferably carried out between 80 and 120 ° C., more preferably between 90 and 110 ° C., under autogenous pressure in a closed apparatus.
- the reaction mixture is usually thermally isomerized for 1 to 20 hours at a temperature between 80 and 120 ° C. At lower temperatures, this time can be longer.
- the water content defined in process step f) is adjusted by adding water to the reaction mixture following process step e).
- the mixture is usually cooled to 0 to 25 ° C, preferably 0 to 12 ° C and the crystallized all-E astaxanthin dimethyldisuccinate of the formula I can be isolated in high yield and purity by filtration.
- the method according to the invention described above avoids the disadvantages of the two-stage process, in which all-E astaxanthin is first isolated and this crystalline product is subsequently converted to the all-E astaxanthin dimethyldisuccinate of the formula I.
- an astaxanthin of the formula IV prepared from the ci-dialdehyde of the formula II and the C 15-phosphonium salt of the formula III need not be isolated in substance for the conversion into astaxanthin dimethyldisuccinate of the formula Ia but as a crude solution in the presence of Triphenylphosphine oxide and other impurities from the synthesis can be reacted directly with methyl succinoyl chloride of the formula V (4-chloro-4-oxo-butyric acid methyl ester) to give astaxanthin dimethyl disuccinate of the formula Ia, and from this after thermal isomerization all-E astaxanthin dimethyldisuccinate of the formula I can be obtained in high yield and purity in crystalline form.
- the astaxanthin crude solution was prepared by reacting II with III in dichloromethane using methanolic sodium methylate solution (see Helv. Chim. Acta 64, 7, 2445 (1981).)
- the solution contained 4.56% by weight of astaxanthin (HPLC grade). Analysis) and 0.8% by weight of methanol (GC analysis) and 0.55% by weight of water (Karl Fischer titration) 982 g of this solution (corresponding to 75 mmol astaxanthin) were initially charged distilling off a standard column of 350 ml of solvent The aqueous upper phase of the distillate was separated and the lower phase washed with 175 g of water The phases were separated and the organic lower phase was recycled to the distillation bottoms.
- dichloromethane was distilled off over a Normag column top.
- the distillate was simultaneously replaced by methanol (isochoric procedure) until the transition temperature reached 65 ° C.
- the 300 ml of water were added, the mixture was stirred at 100 ° C. for 4 hours under autogenous pressure, cooled to 10 ° C. and stirred at 10 ° C. for 1 h.
- the precipitated product was filtered off, washed twice with 50 ml of cold (10 ° C) methanol and dried overnight in a vacuum oven at 50 ° C to 10 mbar.
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- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
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Priority Applications (5)
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JP2012551629A JP5384753B2 (ja) | 2010-02-08 | 2011-02-04 | アスタキサンチンジメチルジスクシネートを製造するための方法 |
CN201180008361.5A CN102741224B (zh) | 2010-02-08 | 2011-02-04 | 生产虾青素二(甲基琥珀酸酯)的方法 |
ES11701694.9T ES2533678T3 (es) | 2010-02-08 | 2011-02-04 | Procedimiento para la preparación de dimetildisuccinato de astaxantina |
DK11701694.9T DK2534130T3 (en) | 2010-02-08 | 2011-02-04 | METHOD OF PRODUCING astaxanthin-DIMETHYLDISUCCINAT |
EP11701694.9A EP2534130B1 (de) | 2010-02-08 | 2011-02-04 | Verfahren zur herstellung von astaxanthin-dimethyldisuccinat |
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WO2011095571A3 WO2011095571A3 (de) | 2011-10-13 |
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EP (1) | EP2534130B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP5384753B2 (de) |
CN (1) | CN102741224B (de) |
CL (1) | CL2012002101A1 (de) |
DK (1) | DK2534130T3 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2533678T3 (de) |
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2015067706A1 (en) | 2013-11-07 | 2015-05-14 | Dsm Ip Assets B.V. | Process for the purification of astaxanthin |
WO2015067705A1 (en) | 2013-11-07 | 2015-05-14 | Dsm Ip Assets B.V. | Process for the purification of astaxanthin |
WO2015067709A1 (en) | 2013-11-07 | 2015-05-14 | Dsm Ip Assets B.V. | Process for the purification of astaxanthin |
WO2016037785A1 (de) | 2014-09-11 | 2016-03-17 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur herstellung von astaxanthinestern |
US10125104B2 (en) | 2014-05-20 | 2018-11-13 | Asta Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd. | Carotenoid derivative, pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or pharmaceutically acceptable ester or amide thereof |
EP3514143A1 (de) | 2013-11-07 | 2019-07-24 | DSM IP Assets B.V. | Nahrungsergänzungsmittel, ölige suspensionen und pulverförmige formulierungen mit synthetischem astaxanthin in lebensmittelqualität |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN105705041B (zh) * | 2013-11-07 | 2019-07-30 | 帝斯曼知识产权资产管理有限公司 | 纯化虾青素的方法 |
Citations (2)
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WO2003066583A1 (en) | 2002-02-06 | 2003-08-14 | Dsm Ip Assets B.V. | Astaxanthin esters |
WO2007128574A1 (en) | 2006-05-10 | 2007-11-15 | Dsm Ip Assets B.V. | Process for the preparation of astaxanthin |
Family Cites Families (3)
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DE4322277A1 (de) * | 1993-07-05 | 1995-01-12 | Basf Ag | Verbessertes Verfahren zur Herstellung von Astaxanthin, neue Zwischenprodukte hierfür sowie ein Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
NL1010351C2 (nl) * | 1998-10-19 | 2001-01-08 | Werklust & Beheer B V | Esters van caroteno´den voor gebruik in de preventie en behandeling van oogaandoeningen. |
DE10254809A1 (de) * | 2002-11-22 | 2004-06-03 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Carotinoiden |
-
2011
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- 2011-02-04 EP EP11701694.9A patent/EP2534130B1/de not_active Not-in-force
- 2011-02-04 JP JP2012551629A patent/JP5384753B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-02-04 WO PCT/EP2011/051618 patent/WO2011095571A2/de active Application Filing
- 2011-02-04 DK DK11701694.9T patent/DK2534130T3/en active
- 2011-02-04 CN CN201180008361.5A patent/CN102741224B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-02-04 ES ES11701694.9T patent/ES2533678T3/es active Active
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2012
- 2012-07-27 CL CL2012002101A patent/CL2012002101A1/es unknown
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2003066583A1 (en) | 2002-02-06 | 2003-08-14 | Dsm Ip Assets B.V. | Astaxanthin esters |
WO2007128574A1 (en) | 2006-05-10 | 2007-11-15 | Dsm Ip Assets B.V. | Process for the preparation of astaxanthin |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2015067706A1 (en) | 2013-11-07 | 2015-05-14 | Dsm Ip Assets B.V. | Process for the purification of astaxanthin |
WO2015067705A1 (en) | 2013-11-07 | 2015-05-14 | Dsm Ip Assets B.V. | Process for the purification of astaxanthin |
WO2015067709A1 (en) | 2013-11-07 | 2015-05-14 | Dsm Ip Assets B.V. | Process for the purification of astaxanthin |
EP3514143A1 (de) | 2013-11-07 | 2019-07-24 | DSM IP Assets B.V. | Nahrungsergänzungsmittel, ölige suspensionen und pulverförmige formulierungen mit synthetischem astaxanthin in lebensmittelqualität |
US10125104B2 (en) | 2014-05-20 | 2018-11-13 | Asta Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd. | Carotenoid derivative, pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or pharmaceutically acceptable ester or amide thereof |
WO2016037785A1 (de) | 2014-09-11 | 2016-03-17 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur herstellung von astaxanthinestern |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
TW201144275A (en) | 2011-12-16 |
ES2533678T3 (es) | 2015-04-14 |
CL2012002101A1 (es) | 2012-11-16 |
EP2534130A2 (de) | 2012-12-19 |
TWI501946B (zh) | 2015-10-01 |
JP5384753B2 (ja) | 2014-01-08 |
WO2011095571A3 (de) | 2011-10-13 |
CN102741224A (zh) | 2012-10-17 |
EP2534130B1 (de) | 2015-01-07 |
JP2013518856A (ja) | 2013-05-23 |
CN102741224B (zh) | 2015-06-03 |
DK2534130T3 (en) | 2015-04-07 |
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