WO2011080831A1 - Système de génération photovoltaïque à collecte de lumière - Google Patents

Système de génération photovoltaïque à collecte de lumière Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011080831A1
WO2011080831A1 PCT/JP2009/071790 JP2009071790W WO2011080831A1 WO 2011080831 A1 WO2011080831 A1 WO 2011080831A1 JP 2009071790 W JP2009071790 W JP 2009071790W WO 2011080831 A1 WO2011080831 A1 WO 2011080831A1
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Prior art keywords
power generation
slit
solar power
cell array
generation system
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PCT/JP2009/071790
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
秀明 石橋
Original Assignee
Ishibashi Hideaki
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ishibashi Hideaki filed Critical Ishibashi Hideaki
Priority to PCT/JP2009/071790 priority Critical patent/WO2011080831A1/fr
Publication of WO2011080831A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011080831A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
    • H01L31/0543—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means comprising light concentrating means of the refractive type, e.g. lenses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
    • H01L31/0547—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means comprising light concentrating means of the reflecting type, e.g. parabolic mirrors, concentrators using total internal reflection
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a technique for increasing the power generation efficiency of a concentrating solar power generation apparatus that generates power by concentrating sunlight on a solar cell by a condensing lens.
  • a conventional solar power generation system for ordinary houses is not a concentrating solar power generation system that condenses sunlight by a condensing means such as a condensing lens or a concave mirror, so it is used in one solar power generation cell.
  • Sunlight is only equivalent to the light receiving area of the photovoltaic cell. Therefore, in order to increase the amount of power generation in the solar power generation system, a large number of expensive solar power generation cells have to be arranged, resulting in a high cost of the solar power generation system.
  • the amount of sunlight used in the solar power generation cell is smaller than that of the concentrating type, the power generation efficiency is low.
  • An outline of a conventional concentrating solar power generation system configuration is as follows.
  • a condensing plate having a plurality of condensing lenses for condensing sunlight using a plurality of condensing lenses, and a predetermined back side of the condensing plate.
  • a plurality of photovoltaic cells fixed at intervals, and each condensing lens is a circular convex lens.
  • US Pat. No. 5,118,361 discloses a condensing lens array plate in which a large number of circular lenses are arranged in an array and a photovoltaic power generation cell arranged in the focal position of each circular lens in an array.
  • a distributed photovoltaic cell array board is disclosed.
  • a lens using a Fresnel lens as a circular lens is also known.
  • the technique described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-142373 collects light using a circular Fresnel lens and arranges a photovoltaic power generation cell at the focal position.
  • the purpose of the invention of Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2005-142373 is not to improve the efficiency of power generation, but to effectively use the scattered light generated on the stepped surface of the Fresnel lens.
  • the invention aims to allow solar power generation and rooftop greening at the same time by passing a plant on the ground hidden behind the apparatus.
  • the direction of arrival of sunlight changes from moment to moment due to daily fluctuations and seasonal fluctuations of the sun.
  • sunlight is concentrated at one point.
  • the position where the focus is formed moves in the three-dimensional space, in order to arrange the photovoltaic cell at the focal position, the position of the photovoltaic cell array is aligned three-dimensionally, or a circular lens and sunlight
  • a driving device that rotates the three axes so that the power generation cell array is integrated and faces the direction of arrival of the sun like a sunflower is required.
  • Using this drive mechanism is complicated and expensive, and the drive mechanism increases the height of the concentrating solar power generation system.
  • the present invention devised a tracking method and a condensing method for daily fluctuations and seasonal fluctuations of solar rays in a solar power generation system, and reduces power generation efficiency while reducing the mounting area of expensive solar power generation cells.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a concentrating solar power generation system that does not require a special cooling mechanism. It is another object of the present invention to provide a concentrating solar power generation system that suppresses the weight and height of the solar power generation system and can easily withstand storms.
  • a concentrating solar power generation system converges sunlight received by a light receiving surface into a substantially straight line and emits a linearly focused light beam.
  • a cylindrical lens arranged in a converging direction such as an east-west direction, a plurality of photovoltaic cells receiving the linearly focused light beam, and a photovoltaic cell array arranged below the cylindrical lens;
  • a relative position adjusting mechanism that adjusts a relative distance between the cylindrical lens and the photovoltaic cell array in accordance with an incident angle of sunlight, and the cylindrical lens and the photovoltaic cell array in accordance with the incident angle of sunlight.
  • a north-south direction elevation angle adjusting mechanism for adjusting the north-south direction elevation angle.
  • the relative position adjustment mechanism adjusts the relative distance between the cylindrical lens and the solar power cell array with respect to the cylindrical lens. The relative position of is moved.
  • the focal length (the depth connecting the focal points) changes depending on the incident angle in the east-west direction as seen from the north-south direction of the sunlight that changes with the daily fluctuation of the sun, but the photovoltaic cell array below is moved up and down
  • the position where the sunlight focuses (the depth at which the focus is focused) is adjusted to the position (depth) of the photovoltaic cell array.
  • a substantially linear slit is disposed at the focal plane position of the cylindrical lens, and at least a part of the back surface is A slit body located between the cylindrical lens and the photovoltaic power cell array, and disposed below the cylindrical lens so that the cylindrical lens and the slit are parallel to each other;
  • the sunlight reflected by the surface of the photovoltaic cell array is reflected by the reflector on the back surface of the slit body to the photovoltaic cell array.
  • Re-incidence, and reflection and re-incidence are repeated between the back surface of the slit body and the photovoltaic cell array. Is obtained is characterized by increasing the amount of light to be used for power generation in the photovoltaic cell array by.
  • the relative position adjustment mechanism adjusts the relative distance between the cylindrical lens, the slit body, and the solar power generation cell array with respect to the cylindrical lens. The relative position between the body and the photovoltaic cell array is moved.
  • the focal length (the depth connecting the focal points) varies depending on the incident angle in the east-west direction as seen from the north-south direction of the sunlight, which changes with the daily fluctuation of the sun.
  • the position where the sunlight focuses (the depth at which the focus is focused) is adjusted to the position (depth) of the photovoltaic cell array.
  • the relative position adjustment mechanism adjusts the relative distance between the cylindrical lens, the slit body, and the photovoltaic cell array, and the cylindrical lens and the photovoltaic cell array. And the relative position of the slit body is moved.
  • the focal length (the depth connecting the focal points) changes depending on the incident angle in the east-west direction seen from the north-south direction of sunlight that changes with the daily fluctuation of the sun, but by raising and lowering only the slit body below.
  • the position where the sunlight focuses (the depth at which the focus is focused) is adjusted to the position (depth) of the slit, so that the sunlight passes through the slit and guides the light into the cavity where the photovoltaic power generation cell is located. It will generate electricity.
  • the arrival direction of sunlight accompanying the daily and seasonal variations of the sun So that sunlight can be focused at an appropriate elevation angle and received on the photovoltaic cell array at any time of morning, afternoon, and evening, and any day of spring, summer, autumn or winter.
  • the angle of the device can be adjusted, the amount of received sunlight is increased, and it is possible to efficiently generate power with a smaller number of photovoltaic power generation cells.
  • the concentrating solar power generation system according to the present invention is characterized in that the slit body is formed to be concavely curved with respect to the solar power cell array with the slit as a vertex.
  • the photovoltaic power generation cell array is formed to be concavely curved with respect to the cylindrical lens with the irradiation position of the central light beam of the linearly focused light beam as a vertex. It is characterized by this. As described above, since the photovoltaic cell array is curved, more light is incident on the photovoltaic cell array, so that it is possible to efficiently generate power.
  • the said photovoltaic power generation cell shall be a transmissive
  • a transmissive cell By using a transmissive cell, light that is not used for photoelectric conversion passes through the photovoltaic cell, repeatedly reflects on the inner wall of the cavity, and can enter the photovoltaic cell again. That is, it is possible to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency in the photovoltaic power generation cell of sunlight guided into the cavity.
  • the slit body includes a cavity that is provided below the slit body and surrounds the photovoltaic cell array, and is provided with a reflector that reflects light on at least a partial region of the inner wall surface thereof.
  • sunlight that has passed through the slit and entered the cavity sunlight that has passed through the transmission cell without being converted into power generation energy is reflected between the reflector on the inner wall surface of the cavity and the back surface of the slit body. Light is repeatedly reflected between the reflectors to increase the amount of light provided for power generation in the photovoltaic cell array.
  • the photovoltaic cell array includes at least a photovoltaic cell in which a wavelength band with high power generation efficiency is an arbitrary one wavelength band, and a solar photovoltaic cell in which a wavelength band with high power generation efficiency is an arbitrary other wavelength band It is also preferable to include a plurality of cells.
  • the slit only needs to have a width that allows a linear light beam connected by the cylindrical lens to pass therethrough, and serves as a lid on the upper surface of the cavity.
  • the slit width is narrow.
  • the slit width is narrow, but the introduction of light into the cavity may not be successful.
  • the slit body includes a slit width adjusting mechanism that increases or decreases the slit width.
  • the slit width adjusting means of the slit width adjusting mechanism is not limited.
  • the slit body is composed of two plate-like members that face each other independently, and the slit width is increased or decreased by sliding the slit body. There is something.
  • the slit body is composed of two plate-like members facing each other independently, the slit is formed between the opposing edges of the plate-like member, and the slit width adjusting mechanism is provided in the plate-like member. There is one that increases or decreases the width of the slit by rotating the plate-like member around the rotation axis.
  • the cylindrical lens is a Fresnel lens
  • the weight of the lens can be suppressed, so that the material cost can be reduced and the thickness can be reduced, which is advantageous in securing the mechanical structure strength.
  • the thickness of the lens can be suppressed, the height of the housing can be reduced, and the structure can easily withstand storms.
  • the outer surface of the cylindrical lens on the sunlight receiving surface side has hydrophilicity.
  • the solar ray tracking method and the concentrating method in the solar power generation system have been devised to increase the power generation efficiency while reducing the mounting area of expensive solar power generation cells.
  • the height of the system housing can be kept low and it can easily withstand storms.
  • the 2 which shows a mode that the relative position adjustment mechanism 40 driven with a 1st pattern adjusts the relative distance of the cylindrical lens 10, the slit body 20, and the photovoltaic cell array 30 (the 2).
  • the figure (the 1) which shows typically a mode that the relative position of the cylindrical lens 10, the slit body 20, and the photovoltaic cell array 30 is adjusted with the relative position adjustment mechanism 40 driven with a 2nd pattern.
  • the figure (the 2) which shows a mode that the relative distance of the cylindrical lens 10, the slit body 20, and the photovoltaic cell array 30 is adjusted with the relative position adjustment mechanism 40 driven with a 2nd pattern.
  • FIG. 1 shows typically a mode that the relative position of the cylindrical lens 10, the slit body 20, and the photovoltaic cell array 30 is adjusted with the relative position adjustment mechanism 40 driven with a 3rd pattern.
  • the figure (the 2) which shows a mode that the relative position of the cylindrical lens 10, the slit body 20, and the photovoltaic cell array 30 is adjusted with the relative position adjustment mechanism 40 driven with a 3rd pattern.
  • the north-south direction elevation angle adjustment mechanism 50 adjusts the elevation angle of the north-south direction integrally with the cylindrical lens 10, the slit body 20, and the photovoltaic power generation cell array 30.
  • FIG. 1 shows typically a mode that the relative position of the cylindrical lens 10, the slit body 20, and the photovoltaic cell array 30 is adjusted with the relative position adjustment mechanism 40 driven with a 3rd pattern.
  • the north-south direction elevation angle adjustment mechanism 50 adjusts the elevation angle of the north-south direction integrally with the cylindrical lens 10, the slit body 20, and the photovoltaic
  • FIG. 1 and 2 are diagrams showing a configuration example of a first concentrating solar power generation system according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a plan view, a front view, and a side view of a concentrating solar power generation system 100.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing a transverse sectional view and a longitudinal sectional view of the concentrating solar power generation system 100.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing, in a vertical cross section in the side surface direction, the received sunlight is collected by the cylindrical lens 10, passes through the slit body 20 and is received by the photovoltaic power generation cell array 30.
  • the concentrating solar power generation system 100 includes a cylindrical lens 10, a slit body 20, a solar power generation cell array 30, a relative position adjustment mechanism 40, a north-south direction elevation angle adjustment mechanism 50, a cavity 60, a housing.
  • a body 70 is provided.
  • the cylindrical lens 10 is made of a transparent material such as glass or plastic resin, and focuses sunlight received by the light receiving surface as a substantially linear light beam, and is a plano-convex lens.
  • the cylindrical lens 10 is a Fresnel lens.
  • a Fresnel lens it is less bulky than a cylindrical lens, it is lightweight, material costs can be reduced, and the overall height of the device can be reduced, and the concentrated sun is exposed to the external environment such as wind and rain. This is because it is advantageous for the photovoltaic system 100.
  • the light collecting effect is basically the same as that of a hemispherical plano-convex lens.
  • the cylindrical lens 10 has a plano-convex lens whose upper surface is a flat surface and whose lower surface is a convex surface.
  • the plane of the upper surface serves as a sunlight receiving surface, is refracted at the boundary surface that exits the cylindrical lens 10, and is condensed into a substantially linear light beam at a position away from the focal length.
  • a photocatalytic coating is applied to the outer surface of the cylindrical lens 10 on the sunlight receiving surface side. If the photocatalyst coating is applied, dirt is less likely to adhere to the outer surface of the cylindrical lens 10 even if the entire apparatus is installed under conditions that are exposed to the outside environment such as the rooftop, so that a large amount of received light from the sun is secured. In addition, the cleaning work can be reduced.
  • the photocatalyst coating agent is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a titanium oxide coating agent.
  • a hydrophilic photocatalytic coating agent the outer surface of the cylindrical lens 10 on the sunlight receiving surface side can be made hydrophilic. By doing so, the irregular reflection by the water droplet adhering to the cylindrical lens can be prevented, and the reduction of the light collection efficiency can be prevented.
  • the cylindrical lens 10 is arranged so that the converged light beam is in the east-west direction. That is, if it arrange
  • the slit body 20 is provided with a substantially linear slit 21, and is disposed below the cylindrical lens so that a substantially linear light beam focused by the cylindrical lens passes through the slit 21.
  • the slit body 20 is disposed so that the slit 21 and the cylindrical lens are parallel to each other.
  • the shape of parts other than the slit 21 is not ask
  • two pieces of plate-like bodies may face each other and the gap between them may be the slit 21.
  • the arrangement direction of the slits 21 is the east-west direction.
  • At least a part of the back surface of the slit body 20 is a reflector 22. In this example, the entire back surface is the reflector 22.
  • at least a part of the inner wall surface of the housing 70 is a reflector 71. In this example, the entire inner wall surface is a reflector 71.
  • the photovoltaic power generation cell array 30 is an array of photovoltaic power generation cells that generate power by receiving sunlight. It arrange
  • FIG. 3 shows a state in which the received sunlight is collected by the cylindrical lens 10, passes through the slit body 20, and is received by the photovoltaic power generation cell array 30 from a longitudinal section in the side surface direction.
  • the elevation angle in the north-south direction shown in FIG. 3 is an example.
  • the rectangular region of the photovoltaic cell array 30 is configured to be as small as possible (the number of photovoltaic cells is small), and the entire rectangular region is cylindrical. It is preferable that the light beam that has been focused by the lens 10 and passed through the slit 21 is projected. As described above, the conditions for minimizing the rectangular area in which the photovoltaic cells are arranged will be described.
  • the plano-convex cylindrical lens 10 is employed to reduce the projected area of the light beam by refracting the sunlight received on the plane side at the boundary surface of the convex surface and focusing it linearly.
  • the projected area of the light beam at the position of the photovoltaic cell array 30 varies depending on the light arrival direction, the relative distance in the vertical direction of the cylindrical lens 10, the slit body 20, and the photovoltaic cell array 30. Since the direction of arrival of the sun varies from east to west due to daily fluctuations, the focal length (depth) changes from moment to moment when the installation state of the concentrating solar power generation system 100 is fixed against daily fluctuations. It will be.
  • the present invention focuses on this point, and includes a relative position adjustment mechanism 40 that adjusts the relative distance between the cylindrical lens 10, the slit body 20, and the photovoltaic cell array 30 according to the focal length determined by the incident angle of sunlight. It is said.
  • the relative position adjusting mechanism 40 moves the cylindrical lens 10 without moving the slit body 20 and the photovoltaic power generation cell array 30, thereby moving the relative positions of the two.
  • FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 are diagrams schematically showing how the relative distances between the cylindrical lens 10, the slit body 20, and the photovoltaic cell array 30 are adjusted by the relative position adjusting mechanism 40 driven by the first pattern.
  • the detailed illustration of the mechanical structure of the relative position adjusting mechanism 40 is omitted, and is only schematically shown.
  • the drive mechanism itself of the relative position adjusting mechanism 40 is not particularly limited as long as it moves the casing that supports the cylindrical lens 10 with respect to the slit body 20 and the photovoltaic cell array 30, and includes a motor, a wheel, a wire,
  • the mechanical mechanism of driving such as a piston is not limited.
  • the cylindrical lens 10 is moved by the relative position adjustment mechanism 40. The relative movement is made so that the focal point is formed at the depth at which the slit body 20 and the photovoltaic cell array 30 exist, and the solar radiation is received in the rectangular region where the photovoltaic cell array 30 is arranged. .
  • the sunbeams arrive at a high south angle (for example, an elevation angle of 70 degrees with respect to the ground) at noon, they pass through the cylindrical lens 10.
  • the focal length depth at which the focal point is focused
  • the relative position adjusting mechanism 40 The cylindrical lens 10 is moved relative to each other, and adjusted so that the focal point is formed at the depth where the slit body 20 and the photovoltaic cell array 30 exist, so that the sunlight is received in the rectangular region where the photovoltaic cell array 30 is arranged. It has become.
  • a device for improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency in the photovoltaic cell array 30 by reflection by the reflector 22 provided on the back surface of the slit body 20 and the reflector 71 provided on the inner wall surface of the cavity 60. Will be described later.
  • the second pattern is the adjustment of the relative distance between the cylindrical lens 10, the slit body 20, and the photovoltaic cell array 30.
  • the relative position adjustment mechanism 40 controls the slit body 20 and the photovoltaic cell array with respect to the cylindrical lens 10. 30 relative positions are moved. That is, without moving the cylindrical 10, the slit body 20 and the photovoltaic power generation cell array 30 are moved to move the relative positions of the two.
  • FIG. 6A and 6B schematically show how the relative distances between the cylindrical lens 10, the slit body 20, and the photovoltaic cell array 30 are adjusted by the relative position adjusting mechanism 40 that is driven in the second pattern.
  • FIG. 4 the detailed structure of the mechanical structure of the relative position adjusting mechanism 40 is not shown.
  • FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b) if the sun rays are coming from a low east angle (for example, an elevation angle of 30 degrees with respect to the ground) in the morning, the light passes through the cylindrical lens 10 and converges. If the focal length (the depth at which the focal point is focused) is relatively shallow and the focal point is formed at the positions shown in FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b), a cylindrical shape is obtained as shown in FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b).
  • a low east angle for example, an elevation angle of 30 degrees with respect to the ground
  • the lens 10 moves relatively so that the focal length of the light beam (the depth at which the focal point is focused) is located at the position of the slit body 20 and the photovoltaic cell array 30, and the sunlight rays are emitted in the rectangular region where the photovoltaic cell array 30 is arranged. To receive.
  • FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b) assuming that the sunbeams arrive at a high south angle (for example, an elevation angle of 70 degrees with respect to the ground) at midday, the light passes through the cylindrical lens 10. Assuming that the focal length (the depth at which the focal point is focused) is relatively deeper than in the morning, and the focal point is formed at the position shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, FIGS. 7A and 7B.
  • the rectangular lens 10 is moved relative to the cylindrical lens 10 so that the focal length of the light beam (the depth at which the focal point is focused) is positioned between the slit body 20 and the photovoltaic cell array 30, and the photovoltaic cell array 30 is disposed. It is designed to receive sunlight in the area.
  • a device for improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency in the photovoltaic cell array 30 by reflection by the reflector 22 provided on the back surface of the slit body 20 and the reflector 71 provided on the inner wall surface of the cavity 60. Will be described later.
  • the relative position of the cylindrical lens 10, the slit body 20, and the photovoltaic cell array 30 is adjusted by the relative position adjustment mechanism 40 with respect to the cylindrical lens 10 and the photovoltaic cell array 30.
  • the relative position of 20 is moved. That is, without moving the cylindrical 10 and the photovoltaic power generation cell array 30, the slit body 20 is moved to move the relative position between them.
  • FIGS. 8A and 8B schematically show how the relative distance adjustment mechanism 40 driven by the third pattern adjusts the relative distances between the cylindrical lens 10, the slit body 20, and the photovoltaic cell array 30.
  • FIG. As in FIG. 4, the details of the mechanical structure of the relative position adjusting mechanism 40 are not shown.
  • FIGS. 8 (a) and 8 (b) if the sun rays arrive in the morning from an eastern low angle (for example, an elevation angle of 30 degrees with respect to the ground), they pass through the cylindrical lens 10 and converge. Assuming that the focal length (the depth at which the focal point is focused) is relatively shallow and the focal point is formed at the position shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, the slits as shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B. The body 20 moves relative to the focal length of the light beam (the focal depth), the linear light beam focused by the cylindrical body 10 passes through the slit body 20, and the lower photovoltaic cell array 30 is arranged. It directs sunlight into the cavity.
  • an eastern low angle for example, an elevation angle of 30 degrees with respect to the ground
  • the solar light guided into the cavity is light that is not used for power generation in the photovoltaic cell if the back surface of the slit body 20 and the inner wall of the cavity 60 are mirror-finished. Will repeat reflection until it enters the photovoltaic cell.
  • the sunbeams arrived from a high south angle (for example, an elevation angle of 70 degrees with respect to the earth) at noon, they passed through the cylindrical lens 10.
  • the focal length the depth at which the focal point is focused
  • the slit body 20 has a focal length (focal point) of the light beam.
  • the linear light beam that is relatively moved so as to be located at a certain depth) passes through the slit body 20 through the cylindrical body 10, and the solar light is directed into the cavity in which the photovoltaic cell array 30 below is disposed. It is a guide.
  • the relative position adjusting mechanism 40 driven by the third pattern is mounted and the relative distances between the cylindrical lens 10, the slit body 20, and the photovoltaic cell array 30 are adjusted to guide all the sunlight into the cavity 60.
  • the solar power generation cell array 30 in the cavity 60 can use sunlight for power generation.
  • a device for improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency in the photovoltaic cell array 30 by reflection by the reflector 22 provided on the back surface of the slit body 20 and the reflector 71 provided on the inner wall surface of the cavity 60. Will be described later.
  • the north-south direction elevation angle adjustment is performed in which the cylindrical lens 10, the slit body 20, and the photovoltaic cell array 30 are integrated to adjust the north-south elevation angle according to the incident angle of sunlight.
  • a configuration including the mechanism 50 is preferable.
  • the trajectory of the sun varies from day to day depending on the season, and the direction of arrival of sunlight is high at midday in the north-south direction during summer and low in the north-south direction in winter.
  • the incident angle (elevation angle) in the north-south direction seen from the east-west direction and the incidence angle in the east-west direction (elevation angle) seen from the north-south direction change from moment to moment.
  • the cylindrical lens 10 is used to converge the light beam on the east-west line, and the relative position adjustment mechanism 40 causes the cylindrical lens 10 and the slit pair to converge. Adjustment is made by adjusting the relative distance between the solar cell array 30 and the solar cell array 30, and the north-south elevation angle adjusting mechanism 50 adjusts the north-south elevation angle variation among the daily variations of the sun.
  • the elevation angle in the north-south direction at the same time changes due to the seasonal variation of the sun.
  • the north-south elevation angle adjustment mechanism 50 can cope with the seasonal variation every day. For example, it is well known that the elevation angle in the north-south direction at noon differs 47 degrees (twice the inclination of the earth axis) between the winter solstice and the summer solstice.
  • the cylindrical lens 10, the slit body 20, and the sunlight are adjusted by the relative position adjustment mechanism 40 while the north-south elevation angle adjustment mechanism 50 adjusts the elevation angle in the north-south direction every moment in accordance with the daily fluctuation of the sun.
  • the relative position of the power generation cell array 30 is adjusted every moment so that the sunlight is focused on the photovoltaic cell array 30 in a substantially straight line in any time zone in any season.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram schematically showing how the elevation angle in the north-south direction is adjusted by the north-south direction elevation angle adjustment mechanism 50 integrally with the cylindrical lens 10, the slit body 20, and the photovoltaic cell array 30.
  • the mechanical structure of the north-south elevation angle adjusting mechanism 50 is not shown.
  • the drive mechanism itself of the north-south direction elevation angle adjusting mechanism 50 is not particularly limited, and for example, as long as the entire housing 70 in which the cylindrical lens 10, the slit body 20, and the photovoltaic cell array 30 are mounted is moved relative to the ground.
  • the mechanical mechanism of driving such as a motor, a wheel, a wire, and a piston, is not limited.
  • the elevation angle in the north-south direction of the entire housing 70 is adjusted by the north-south elevation angle adjustment mechanism 50. Is adjusted so as to be the angle (elevation angle of 40 degrees with respect to the ground) and adjusted so that the sunlight comes from the direction facing the concentrating photovoltaic power generation system 100 (90 degrees). Sunlight is received in a rectangular area where the cell array 30 is arranged.
  • the north-south direction elevation angle adjustment mechanism 50 causes the north-south of the entire housing 70 to be Adjust the elevation angle of the direction to be the angle (elevation angle 70 degrees with respect to the ground), and adjust so that sunlight comes from the direction facing the concentrating solar power generation system 100 (90 degrees), Sunlight is received in a rectangular region where the photovoltaic cell array 30 is arranged.
  • the slit body 20, and the photovoltaic cell array 30 By mounting the above-described north-south direction elevation angle adjustment mechanism 50 and adjusting the elevation angle in the north-south direction of the cylindrical lens 10, the slit body 20, and the photovoltaic cell array 30, a smaller number of solar cells can be mounted. In any time zone or any season in the photovoltaic cell array 30, it is possible to effectively use sunlight for the area on the plane side of the cylindrical lens 10 for power generation.
  • the photoelectric conversion efficiency in the photovoltaic cell array 30 is increased by reflection by the reflector 22 provided on the back surface of the slit body 20 and the reflector 71 provided on the inner wall surface of the cavity 60. Describe how to improve.
  • a housing 70 that surrounds the side surface and the bottom surface of the photovoltaic cell array 30 is provided, and solar power generation is performed by the housing 70 and the slit body 20 that serves as a lid on the top surface.
  • a cavity 60 that surrounds the cell array 30 is formed, and a reflector 22 that reflects light on the back surface of the slit body 20 and a reflector 71 that reflects light also on the inner wall surface of the housing 70 are provided.
  • the amount of light provided for power generation in the photovoltaic cell array 30 is increased by the sunlight that passes through the slit 21 of the slit body 20 and enters the cavity 60 being repeatedly reflected by the reflector 22 and the reflector 71. is there.
  • FIG. 4 (b), FIG. 5 (b), FIG. 6 (b), FIG. 7 (b), FIG. 8 (b), FIG. After the light is collected by the cylindrical lens 10, passes through the slit body 20 and enters the cavity 60, the sunlight repeatedly reflects on the reflector 22 and the reflector 71 and is received by the photovoltaic cell array 30.
  • sunlight passes through the slit 21 of the slit body 20 and enters the cavity 60. Since the rear surface of the slit body 20 is provided with a mirror-like reflector 22 and the inner wall surface of the housing 70 is provided with a mirror-like reflector 71, sunlight that has once entered the cavity 60 is reflected unless it is absorbed. repeat.
  • the element that absorbs sunlight in the cavity 60 is only each photovoltaic cell 31 of the photovoltaic cell array 30, the reflection is repeated until it enters the photovoltaic cell and is effectively used for photoelectric conversion. .
  • the first device is a device in which the photovoltaic cell array 30 is a transmissive cell.
  • the aim is to effectively use sunlight that is not consumed for power generation even if it is incident on the vicinity of a rectangular area of the photovoltaic cell array 30.
  • a mechanical structure that is not directly related to photoelectric conversion such as a frame substrate, is an opaque material that absorbs light among the structures that constitute the photovoltaic cell array 30, light is attenuated in the rectangular region of the photovoltaic cell array 30. End up. Therefore, if the photovoltaic cell array 30 is a transmissive cell so that light that is not used for photoelectric conversion can be transmitted, the photovoltaic power generation efficiency is improved.
  • the second device is a photovoltaic cell array 30, solar power generation cells 31a in which at least the wavelength band with high power generation efficiency is the first wavelength band, and sunlight in which the wavelength band with high power generation efficiency is the second wavelength band.
  • This is a device that includes two or more types of power generation cells 31b.
  • photovoltaic power generation cells with different wavelength bands suitable for photoelectric conversion improves the power generation utilization efficiency of sunlight.
  • sunlight includes light of various wavelength bands as natural light
  • the photovoltaic power generation cell has a wavelength band of light that can efficiently perform photoelectric conversion according to its characteristics.
  • FIG. 11 schematically shows the wavelength band of light received in the photovoltaic cell and the photoelectric conversion efficiency.
  • FIG. 11 schematically shows two photovoltaic power generation cells having different wavelength bands suitable for photoelectric conversion.
  • a solar power generation cell 31a having high power generation efficiency in light having a long wavelength (light from infrared rays) and a solar power generation cell 31b having high power generation efficiency in light having a short wavelength (light from ultraviolet rays) are illustrated.
  • the solar power generation cell 31a and the solar power generation cell 31b it is possible to effectively photoelectrically convert light in various wavelength bands introduced into the cavity.
  • the relative position of the cylindrical lens 10, the slit body 20, and the solar power generation cell array 30 is adjusted by mounting the relative position adjustment mechanism 40.
  • High-efficiency solar power generation can be performed regardless of the daily fluctuations of the sun, and the north-south elevation angle adjustment mechanism 50 is installed to adjust the north-south elevation angle of the cylindrical lens 10, the slit body 20, and the photovoltaic cell array 30. By doing so, high-efficiency solar power generation can be performed regardless of the seasonal variation of the sun.
  • the sunlight that has passed through the slit 21 is used in the solar cell 31 in the cavity 60 for photoelectric conversion, and the reflector 22 and the reflector 71. Therefore, a lot of sunlight is effectively photoelectrically converted in the photovoltaic cell and used for power generation.
  • power generation is achieved by making the photovoltaic cell array a transmissive type or by combining multiple types of different wavelength bands with high photoelectric conversion efficiency as photovoltaic cells included in the photovoltaic cell array. Efficiency can be improved.
  • the concentrating solar power generation system 100a is a configuration example including a slit width adjusting mechanism 80 that increases or decreases the slit width of the slit body.
  • the slit body 20 has a role to cover the sun so that the sun that has once passed through the slit body 20 does not come out of the cavity 60 while securing the width through which the incoming sunlight passes.
  • the focal length (depth) varies depending on the arrival direction of sunlight with respect to the cylindrical lens 10
  • the relative position adjustment mechanism 40 causes the relative position of the cylindrical lens 10, the slit body 20, and the photovoltaic cell array 30.
  • the slit width of the slit body 20 was kept small, and the role as a lid was emphasized.
  • the width of the slit 21 of the slit body 20 is expanded and contracted by the slit width adjusting mechanism 80, so that the arrival direction of sunlight, the weather, etc. It corresponds to the situation of.
  • the slit body 20 includes two plate-like members 23a and 23b that are independent from each other, and the slit 21 is formed between the opposing edges of the plate-like members 23a and 23b. In the state, the slit width is increased or decreased by sliding the plate-like members 23a and 23b.
  • the drive mechanism itself of the slit width adjusting mechanism 80a is not particularly limited as long as the slit plate-like member of the slit body 20 is slid and moved, and the mechanical mechanism of driving such as a motor, a wheel, a wire, a piston, etc. is not limited. .
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram showing how the slit width is adjusted by the slit width adjusting mechanism 80a of the first configuration example.
  • the slit width adjusting mechanism 80a is not shown. As shown in FIG. 12, the relative position of the slit body 20 with respect to the cylindrical lens 10 or the like does not change, but the slit width increases or decreases.
  • the slit body 20 is composed of two plate-like members 23a and 23b independent of each other, and the slit 21 is formed between the opposing edges of the plate-like members 23a and 23b.
  • the width of the slit 21 is increased or decreased by providing a mechanism for rotating the plate member about the rotation axis provided on the plate member.
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram showing how the slit width is adjusted by the slit width adjusting mechanism 80b of the second configuration example. The slit width adjusting mechanism 80b is not shown.
  • the plate-like members 23a and 23b are provided with a rotation shaft, and can rotate around the rotation shaft.
  • the rotation angle increases as shown in FIG. 13 (a)
  • the interval between the opposing edges of the plate members 23a and 23b increases
  • the rotation angle decreases as shown in FIG. 13 (b)
  • the plate members 23a and 23b The interval between facing edges is reduced.
  • the point of using the slit width adjusting mechanisms 80a and 80b depending on the weather will be described.
  • the sunlight is not only straight light but also scattered light from the outside, such as cloudy sky, it is difficult to focus and there is no portion where solar energy is concentrated.
  • the slit width is kept small, the amount of light entering the cavity 60 cannot be sufficiently secured. Therefore, on a cloudy day or the like, it is better to widen the slit 21 to keep the cavity opening area large. Therefore, the slits are enlarged by the slit width adjusting mechanisms 80a and 80b.
  • the width of the slit 21 of the slit body 20 can be adjusted by the slit width adjusting mechanism 80, and flexibly responds to the situation such as the direction of arrival of sunlight and the weather. can do.
  • the concentrating solar power generation system 100a is an example in the case where the slit body 20 is curved and disposed.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram when the slit body 20 is bent concavely with respect to the photovoltaic cell array 30 with the slit 21 as a vertex.
  • the photovoltaic cell array 30 By curving the slit body 20 with the slit 21 as a vertex, more light reflected by the photovoltaic cell array 30 hits the reflector 22 on the back surface of the slit body 20, and more light reflected by the reflector 22 is again generated. The light enters the photovoltaic cell array 30.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram when the photovoltaic power generation cell array 30 is curved in a concave shape with respect to the cylindrical lens with the irradiation position of the central ray (the central ray in FIG. 15) of the converged rays as the apex. It is. Since the photovoltaic cell array 30 is curved, more light hits the photovoltaic cell, and much of the incident light can be collected.
  • the photovoltaic power generation cell array 30 is arranged so that the center point (center line in the east-west direction) of the curved arc is different from the focal position of the cylindrical lens 10.
  • the position of the slit 21 of the slit body 20 is made to coincide with the focal plane of the cylindrical lens 10.
  • the third and fourth embodiments can be implemented in combination.
  • the curvature of the slit body 20 and the photovoltaic cell array 30 may be configured in a parabolic shape.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de génération photovoltaïque à collecte de lumière ayant une surface réduite, sur laquelle sont installées des cellules de génération photovoltaïque, et qui produit un meilleur rendement de génération par conception de procédés de suivi et de collecte de la lumière en fonction des variations quotidiennes et saisonnières de la lumière du soleil. Une lentille cylindrique (10) est disposée de manière à ce qu'un faisceau lumineux formé par la convergence du faisceau solaire reçu par une surface de réception lumineuse soit orienté sensiblement selon la direction Est-Ouest. Un corps fendu (20) porte une fente (21) sensiblement linéaire et est placé au-dessous de la lentille cylindrique (10), de manière à ce que le faisceau lumineux concentré par la lentille cylindrique (10) passe à travers la fente (21). Un réseau de cellules de génération photovoltaïque (30) est disposé au-dessous du corps fendu (20) afin de recevoir le faisceau lumineux passant à travers la fente (21) de celui-ci (20). Le système de génération photovoltaïque à collecte de lumière possède un mécanisme de réglage de la position relative (40) destiné à régler les distances relatives entre la lentille cylindrique (10), le corps fendu (20) et le réseau de cellules de génération photovoltaïque (30) en fonction de l'angle d'incidence variant avec les variations quotidiennes et saisonnières du soleil, et un mécanisme de réglage de l'angle d'élévation selon la direction Sud-Nord (50), destiné à régler les angles d'élévation dans la direction Sud-Nord.
PCT/JP2009/071790 2009-12-28 2009-12-28 Système de génération photovoltaïque à collecte de lumière WO2011080831A1 (fr)

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Cited By (1)

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CN107294486A (zh) * 2017-06-23 2017-10-24 中国葛洲坝集团电力有限责任公司 导光太阳能电池板

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US5118361A (en) * 1990-05-21 1992-06-02 The Boeing Company Terrestrial concentrator solar cell module
JPH10200140A (ja) * 1997-01-14 1998-07-31 Toyota Motor Corp 太陽電池装置
JP2004172256A (ja) * 2002-11-19 2004-06-17 Daido Steel Co Ltd 線集光型太陽光発電装置
JP2005142373A (ja) * 2003-11-06 2005-06-02 Daido Steel Co Ltd 集光型太陽光発電装置
JP2009139077A (ja) * 2007-11-12 2009-06-25 Fukujiro Ukawa 円周分割パラボラアンテナと、太陽光追尾架台
JP2009277817A (ja) * 2008-05-14 2009-11-26 Aruze Corp 太陽電池装置及び太陽電池システム
JP2009277464A (ja) * 2008-05-14 2009-11-26 Aruze Corp 色素増感型太陽電池及び色素増感型太陽電池システム

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5118361A (en) * 1990-05-21 1992-06-02 The Boeing Company Terrestrial concentrator solar cell module
JPH10200140A (ja) * 1997-01-14 1998-07-31 Toyota Motor Corp 太陽電池装置
JP2004172256A (ja) * 2002-11-19 2004-06-17 Daido Steel Co Ltd 線集光型太陽光発電装置
JP2005142373A (ja) * 2003-11-06 2005-06-02 Daido Steel Co Ltd 集光型太陽光発電装置
JP2009139077A (ja) * 2007-11-12 2009-06-25 Fukujiro Ukawa 円周分割パラボラアンテナと、太陽光追尾架台
JP2009277817A (ja) * 2008-05-14 2009-11-26 Aruze Corp 太陽電池装置及び太陽電池システム
JP2009277464A (ja) * 2008-05-14 2009-11-26 Aruze Corp 色素増感型太陽電池及び色素増感型太陽電池システム

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107294486A (zh) * 2017-06-23 2017-10-24 中国葛洲坝集团电力有限责任公司 导光太阳能电池板
CN107294486B (zh) * 2017-06-23 2023-04-28 南京绿新能源研究院有限公司 导光太阳能电池板

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