WO2011079666A1 - 单板通信方法、系统和装置 - Google Patents

单板通信方法、系统和装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011079666A1
WO2011079666A1 PCT/CN2010/079094 CN2010079094W WO2011079666A1 WO 2011079666 A1 WO2011079666 A1 WO 2011079666A1 CN 2010079094 W CN2010079094 W CN 2010079094W WO 2011079666 A1 WO2011079666 A1 WO 2011079666A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
serial port
board
output
interface chip
serial
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PCT/CN2010/079094
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陆荣飞
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2011079666A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011079666A1/zh

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F13/00—Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
    • G06F13/38—Information transfer, e.g. on bus
    • G06F13/40—Bus structure
    • G06F13/4063—Device-to-bus coupling
    • G06F13/409—Mechanical coupling
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F13/00—Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
    • G06F13/38—Information transfer, e.g. on bus
    • G06F13/42—Bus transfer protocol, e.g. handshake; Synchronisation
    • G06F13/4282—Bus transfer protocol, e.g. handshake; Synchronisation on a serial bus, e.g. I2C bus, SPI bus

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a single board communication method, system, and apparatus. Background technique
  • serial port of the board is an important communication interface when the external monitoring device is debugging, testing, and fault location.
  • the external monitoring device needs to output the information according to the serial port.
  • the board is commissioned, tested, and fault located.
  • the serial port of the board is built in the board and is not taken out through the panel of the board. When the board fails to locate the fault through the serial port, the board can only be separated from the back board. Then, the serial port of the board is connected to the external monitoring device through the connection cable, so that the communication between the external monitoring device and the serial port in the board is realized.
  • each board is connected to the backplane through a socket.
  • the backplane is connected to the main control board.
  • the board can communicate with the main control board.
  • the main control board can communicate with the external monitoring device through the communication port. Connected.
  • the serial port built in the board cannot communicate with the backplane. If the monitoring device needs to communicate with the serial port in the board, you need to pull the board out of the backplane and then connect the cable.
  • One end is connected to the monitoring device, and the other end is connected to the monitoring device, so that the monitoring device can receive the information output by the serial port and debug, test and locate the board according to the information.
  • the external monitoring device cannot perform serial communication with the board connected to the backboard, and if the board separates the board from the back board, You can connect the serial port of the board to the monitoring device to implement communication between the monitoring device and the serial port.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a method, a system and a device for a single board communication, which are used to solve the problem that the serial port signal of the board connected to the backboard cannot be input and output in the prior art.
  • a single-board communication device the device includes a main control board, a backboard, and one or more single-boards, wherein the single-board has a serial port, and the single-board is connected to the backboard, and the backplane is
  • the main control board is connected to the board, the board further includes an interface chip, the back board further includes a serial port bus, the main control board further includes a serial port interface circuit, and the interface chip and the serial port interface circuit pass through the serial port a bus connection; the interface chip sends the serial port signal output by the serial port to the serial port interface circuit through the serial port bus, and the serial port interface circuit outputs the received serial port signal;
  • the serial port interface circuit sends an external serial port signal to the interface chip through the serial port bus, and the interface chip sends the received serial port signal to the serial port.
  • a single-board communication system includes a monitoring device and the single-board communication device; the single-board communication device is configured to send a serial port signal output by the serial port interface circuit to the monitoring device; The serial port interface circuit receives the serial port signal sent by the monitoring device;
  • the monitoring device is configured to receive a serial port signal sent by the single board communication device, and send a serial port signal to the single board communication device.
  • a single board communication method using the single board communication device comprising:
  • the interface chip in the board receives the serial port signal outputted by the serial port embedded in the board, and sends the serial port signal to the serial port bus in the backboard; the serial bus sends the serial port sent by the interface chip.
  • the signal is transmitted to the serial port interface circuit in the main control board; the serial port interface circuit outputs the received serial port signal; or
  • the serial port interface circuit receives an external input serial port signal, and sends the serial port signal to the interface chip through the serial port bus, and the interface chip sends the received serial port signal Give the serial port.
  • the serial port built in the single board is connected to the serial port bus of the back board through the interface chip, and the serial port bus is connected with the serial port interface circuit in the main control board, so that the serial port signal can be performed through the interface chip, the serial port bus and the serial port interface circuit.
  • the input and output enable the serial port of the board connected to the backplane to communicate with the outside.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a single board communication system in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a single board communication apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the working flow of a single board communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a single board communication apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another working process of a single board communication apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a single board communication device.
  • the serial port built in the board passes through the interface chip and the back board.
  • the serial port bus is connected, and the serial port bus is connected with the serial port interface circuit in the main control board, so that the serial port signal can be output through the interface chip, the serial port bus, and the serial port interface circuit.
  • the single-board communication device includes a main control board 20, a backboard 21, and one or more single boards 22.
  • the serial board 22 has a serial port built therein, and the single board 22
  • the backplane 21 is connected to the main control board 20, and the board 22 further includes an interface chip 220.
  • the backboard 21 further includes a serial bus 210, and the main control board 20 further includes a serial port.
  • the interface circuit 200; and the interface chip 220 and the serial interface circuit 200 are connected through the serial bus 210.
  • the interface chip 220 In the sending direction of the serial port of the board, the interface chip 220 will be The serial port signal outputted by the serial port is sent to the serial port interface circuit 200 through the serial port bus 210, and the serial port interface circuit 200 outputs the received serial port signal; and, in the receiving direction of the serial port serial port, the serial port interface The circuit 200 sends the serial port signal sent from the external port to the interface chip 220 through the serial port bus 210, and the interface chip 220 sends the received serial port signal to the serial port.
  • the sending direction of the serial port of the board The difference between receiving and sending is mainly the different direction of signal transmission.
  • the board 21 also includes:
  • the output enable control module 211 is configured to control the opening or closing of the output enable end of the interface chip. When the output enable is on, the interface chip can output signals. When the output enable is off, the interface chip cannot output signals.
  • the main control board 20 is further configured to: after receiving the serial input control command of the external input, send the serial output control command to the backboard; the serial output control command may be from an external monitoring device connected to the main control board, and the external monitoring device may The serial port output control command is sent to the main control board through the existing communication port between the main control board; the Ethernet between the main control board and the backplane, and between the backplane and the board can pass Ethernet, I2C (Inter-Integrated Circuit), etc. Existing mode of communication;
  • the backboard 21 is further configured to: send the serial port output control command sent by the main control board to the board; correspondingly, the output enable control module 211 is configured to receive the serial port output control sent by the backboard Run the command output command to enable or disable the output enable end of the interface chip in the board.
  • the serial port output control command is used to open the control command for the serial port output
  • the output enable end of the interface chip in the board is opened.
  • the serial port output control command is the serial port output close control command
  • the interface chip in the board is The output enable is turned off.
  • the main control board 20 is further configured to: after receiving the serial input switching command of the external input, send the serial output output control command to the backplane and the serial port. Output open control command;
  • the backboard 21 is further configured to: transmit, by the main control board, the serial port output close control command to the first board connected to the backboard and the output enable end of the interface chip is in an open state;
  • the serial port output open control command sent by the board is transmitted to the second board connected to the backboard and the output enable end of the interface chip is in a closed state;
  • the output enable control module in the first board is configured to receive a serial port output close control command sent by the backboard, and close an output enable end of the interface chip in the first board;
  • the output enable control module in the second board is configured to receive a serial port output open control command sent by the backboard, and open an output enable end of the interface chip in the second board.
  • the serial port output control command can include the address information of the backplane, so that the backplane can send the serial port output control command to the corresponding board.
  • the interface chip in the present invention may be: a driver chip having an output enable terminal, or a level conversion chip having an output enable terminal.
  • the driver chip drives the serial port signal and sends it to the serial bus.
  • the level conversion chip performs level conversion on the serial port signal and sends it to the serial port bus.
  • the output enable control module in the present invention may be: a central processing unit (CPU), or an Intelligent Platform Management Interface (IPMC) module.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • IPMC Intelligent Platform Management Interface
  • the serial port interface circuit of the invention comprises a level conversion chip and a serial port socket, and the level conversion chip performs level conversion on the serial port signal sent from the serial port bus and sends the serial port signal to the serial port socket, and the serial port signal outputs the serial port signal; or, the serial port interface circuit For a serial port socket, the serial port socket directly outputs the serial port signal sent from the serial bus.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides a single board communication system, where the system includes a monitoring device and the single board communication device, where
  • the single-board communication device 30 is configured to send a serial port signal outputted by the serial port interface circuit of the device to the monitoring device; and receive, by the serial port interface circuit, a serial port signal sent by the monitoring device;
  • the monitoring device 31 is configured to receive a serial port signal sent by the single board communication device, and send a serial port signal to the single board communication device.
  • the monitoring device 31 is further configured to: send a serial port output control command to the single-board communication device; and correspondingly, the single-board communication device 30 is further configured to:
  • the main control board in the device After receiving the serial output control command sent by the monitoring device, the main control board in the device sends the serial port output control command to the backplane;
  • the backplane of the device is further configured to: send the serial port output control command sent by the main control board to the single board;
  • the board in the device is configured to receive the serial port output control command sent by the backplane, and enable or disable the output enable end of the interface chip in the board according to the serial port output control command.
  • the monitoring device 31 is further configured to: send a serial port switching command to the single board communication device;
  • the single board communication device 30 is also used to:
  • the main control board in the device receives the serial port switching command sent by the monitoring device, and sends a serial port output closing control command and a serial port output opening control command to the backplane of the device;
  • the backplane of the device transmits the serial output off control command sent by the main control board to the first board connected to the backboard and the output enable end of the interface chip is in an open state;
  • the serial port output open control command is transmitted to the second board connected to the backboard and the output enable end of the interface chip is in a closed state;
  • the first board connected to the backboard of the device receives the serial output output control command sent from the backplane, and closes the output enable end of the interface chip in the first board;
  • the second board connected to the backplane of the device receives the serial port output open control command sent from the backplane, and opens the output enable end of the interface chip in the second board.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides a single-board communication method using the above-mentioned single-board communication device, which specifically includes the following steps:
  • Step 40 The interface chip in the board of the single-board communication device is received in the board. Serial port output serial port signal;
  • Step 41 The interface chip sends the received serial port signal to the serial port bus in the backplane.
  • Step 43 After receiving the serial port signal sent by the serial port interface circuit in the backplane, the serial interface circuit in the main control board outputs the serial port signal.
  • step 40 the following steps may also be included:
  • Step 400 The board communication device is powered on, and the board in the single board communication device turns off the output enable end of the interface chip in the board.
  • step 400 and before step 41 the following steps may be included:
  • the main control board receives the external input serial output open control command, and sends the serial output open control command to the backplane.
  • the backplane transmits the serial output open control command sent by the main control board to the board; the board receives the After the serial port output opens the control command, the output enable end of the interface chip in the board is opened. Then, in step 41, after the interface chip opens the output enable end of the interface chip, that is, when the output enable end of the interface chip is in an open state, the serial port signal is sent to the serial bus in the backplane.
  • Step 430 The main control board receives an external input serial port switching command, and sends a serial port output closing control command and a serial port output opening control command to the backboard.
  • the backplane transmits the serial output off control command sent by the main control board to the board in which the output enable end of the current interface chip is in an open state; and transmits the serial output open control command sent by the main control board to the current interface chip. a board whose output enable is in the closed state;
  • the board that receives the serial output shutdown control command turns off the output enable end of the interface chip in the board.
  • the board that receives the serial output control command opens the output enable end of the interface chip in the board.
  • the serial bus on the backplane can use levels such as TTL or RS232.
  • the serial bus provides a serial port to the external control board through the serial port interface circuit.
  • the interface chip on the board is a driver chip with output enable, and the serial port signal of the CPU is driven to connect with the serial bus on the backplane;
  • the interface chip on the board is an RS232 level conversion chip with output enable.
  • the serial port signal of the CPU is converted and connected to the serial bus on the backplane.
  • the output enable end of the interface chip is controlled by a CPU or other function module on the board.
  • the serial interface circuit on the main control board is composed of RS232 level conversion chip and serial port socket; if the backplane serial bus uses RS232 level, the main control board is above
  • the serial interface circuit is a serial port socket.
  • Inter-board communication is performed between each board and the main control board through Ethernet or I2C.
  • the communication port between the main control board and the monitoring device may be one or more of interfaces such as a network port and a serial port.
  • the main control board informs the board to switch.
  • the command to switch the serial port is sent to the main control board through the interface such as the network port.
  • the main control board executes the command, and the board connected to the board is used to notify the currently connected board to close the output enable end of the interface chip, and then notify the request.
  • the connected board opens the output enable end of the interface chip.
  • Step S501 The system is powered on. After power-on, the output enable terminals of the interface chips in each board are all off by default (guaranteed by hardware settings), which is an important part to ensure avoiding bus conflicts.
  • Step S502 The system is initialized. When the board is initialized, the output enable end of the interface chip in the board is in the off state. When the main control board is initialized, the status of the output enable end of the interface chip in each board is checked through the inter-board communication port. The output enable end of the interface chip is turned on in a single board.
  • Step S503 Start the serial port switching operation.
  • Step S504 The monitoring device sends a command to switch the serial port to the main control board through the interface such as the network port, and only one serial port can be opened for communication at a time.
  • Step S505 The main control board informs the output enable end of the interface chip that the output enable end of the interface chip is currently in the open state through the inter-board communication port.
  • Step S506 The main control board informs the output enable end of the interface chip that the output enable end of the interface chip is in the closed state through the inter-board communication port.
  • the custom serial bus on the backplane uses TTL levels and uses two serial port signals: the input (RX) signal and the output (TX) signal.
  • the interface chip on the board is a driver chip with output enable, such as an open collector (OC) driver chip or an open drain (OD) driver chip.
  • the serial port signal of the CPU is driven by the driver chip and connected to the serial bus on the backplane; the output enable end of the driver chip is controlled by the intelligent platform management control (IPMC) module on the board; the serial bus is performed on the main control board. Pull-up processing, that is, the serial bus is connected to the power supply through a resistor.
  • IPMC intelligent platform management control
  • the IPMC module on each board communicates with the main control board through the I2C bus.
  • the main control board and the PC are connected through a serial port and a network port respectively.
  • the serial port is composed of the serial port (serial port 1) of the main control board and the unified serial port (serial port 2) of the single board. It is output by RJ45 socket, and is connected to the PC through two serial ports of DB9 interface through the extension cable.
  • Switching mode of a serial port on a board Switching through the main control board.
  • the command to switch the serial port is sent to the main control board through the network port or serial port 1.
  • the main control board executes the command, and the output of the interface chip that is currently in the open state is notified by the I2C bus to close the output of the interface chip.
  • the enable end notifies the board that the output enable end of the interface chip is currently in the closed state to open the output enable end of the interface chip.
  • Step S701 The system is powered on.
  • the output enable end of the interface chip in each board is turned off (guaranteed by hardware settings).
  • Step S702 The system is initialized.
  • the output enable end of the interface chip is in the off state; and the main control board queries the status of the output enable end of the interface chip in each board through the I2C bus during initialization to ensure that there is no more than one board.
  • the output enable end of the middle interface chip is open.
  • Step S703 Perform a serial port switching operation.
  • Step S704 The monitoring device sends a command to switch the serial port to the main control board through the network port or the serial port 1, and only one serial port can be opened for communication at a time.
  • Step S705 The main control board notifies the output enable end of the interface chip that the output enable end of the interface chip is currently open through the I2C bus.
  • Step S706 The main control board notifies the output enable end of the interface chip that the output enable end of the interface chip is in the closed state through the I2C bus.
  • the beneficial effects of the present invention include:
  • the serial port built in the single board is connected to the serial port bus of the back board through the interface chip, and the serial port bus is connected with the serial port interface circuit in the main control board, so that the serial port signal can pass through the interface chip.
  • serial bus, serial interface circuit for input and input The signal communication between the serial port of the board connected to the backplane and the external is realized.
  • the invention realizes the selective communication between the multiple boards and the external serial port by using the serial bus of the backplane and the method of serial port switching on the board side, thereby effectively solving the problem that the serial port connection of the single board is inconvenient. Moreover, compared with the original system, the number of devices increased is small and the cost is low.
  • the present invention cover the modifications and the modifications of the invention

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Description

单板通信方法、 系统和装置 技术领域
本发明涉及通信技术领域， 尤其涉及一种单板通信方法、 系统和装置。 背景技术
现在的通讯系统和设备一般由多个系统单元组成， 例如由多种单板、 背板和机架等组成。 而对于通常与背板连接的单板， 在外部监控设备对单 板进行调试、 测试以及故障定位时， 单板的串口是一个很重要的通讯接口， 外部监控设备需要根据串口输出的信息对单板进行调试、 测试以及故障定 位。 然而， 一般情况下， 单板的串口内置在单板内， 没有通过单板的面板 引出来， 当单板出现故障需要通过串口对故障进行定位时， 只能将单板与 背板相分离， 然后通过连接线将单板的串口与外部监控设备进行连接， 从 而实现外部监控设备与单板中串口的通讯。
如图 1 所示， 各单板通过插座与背板相连， 背板与主控板相连， 单板 与主控板之间可以进行板间通信， 主控板可以通过通讯口与外部的监控设 备相连。 在单板插在背板上时， 内置在单板中的串口不能与背板通信， 若 监控设备要与单板中的串口通信， 需要将单板从背板中拔出来， 然后将连 接线的一端接监控设备， 另一端接监控设备， 以使监控设备能够接收到串 口输出的信息并根据该信息对单板进行调试、 测试以及故障定位。
在实现本发明的过程中， 发明人发现现有技术中存在以下技术问题： 外部的监控设备无法与连接在背板上的单板进行串口通信， 若釆用将 单板与背板分离， 再将单板的串口与监控设备连接来实现监控设备与串口 通信的方法， 会导致单板上的业务中断。 发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种单板通信方法、 系统和装置， 用于解决现有技 术中连接在背板上的单板的串口信号无法输入和输出的问题。
一种单板通信装置， 该装置包括主控板、 背板、 以及一个或多个单板， 所述单板中内置有串口， 所述单板与所述背板相连， 所述背板与所述主控 板相连， 所述单板还包括接口芯片， 所述背板还包括串口总线， 所述主控 板还包括串口接口电路， 所述接口芯片和所述串口接口电路通过所述串口 总线连接； 所述接口芯片将所述串口输出的串口信号通过所述串口总线发 送给所述串口接口电路， 所述串口接口电路输出接收到的所述串口信号； 以及，
所述串口接口电路将外部送来的串口信号通过所述串口总线发送给所 述接口芯片， 所述接口芯片将接收到的串口信号发送给所述串口。
一种单板通信系统， 该系统包括监控装置以及所述单板通信装置； 所述单板通信装置， 用于将所述串口接口电路输出的串口信号发送给 所述监控装置； 以及通过所述串口接口电路接收所述监控装置发来的串口 信号；
所述监控装置用于， 接收所述单板通信装置发来的串口信号； 以及向 所述单板通信装置发送串口信号。
一种使用所述单板通信装置的单板通信方法， 该方法包括：
所述单板中的接口芯片接收到内置在本单板中的串口输出的串口信 号， 将该串口信号发送给所述背板中的串口总线； 所述串口总线将接口芯 片发出的所述串口信号传送给所述主控板中的串口接口电路； 所述串口接 口电路将接收到的所述串口信号进行输出； 或者，
所述串口接口电路接收到外部输入的串口信号， 将该串口信号通过所 述串口总线发送给所述接口芯片， 所述接口芯片将接收到的串口信号发送 给所述串口。
本发明中， 内置在单板中的串口通过接口芯片与背板的串口总线相连， 串口总线与主控板中的串口接口电路相连， 从而串口信号可以通过接口芯 片、 串口总线、 串口接口电路进行输入和输出， 实现了连接在背板上的单 板的串口与外部通信的目的。 附图说明
图 1为现有技术中单板通信系统的结构示意图；
图 2为本发明实施例提供的单板通信装置的结构示意图；
图 3为本发明实施例提供的方法流程示意图；
图 4为本发明实施例中单板通信装置的工作流程示意图；
图 5为本发明实施例中的单板通信装置结构示意图；
图 6为本发明实施例中单板通信装置的另一工作流程示意图。 具体实施方式
为了解决连接在背板上的单板的串口信号无法输出的问题， 本发明实 施例提供一种单板通信装置， 本单板通信装置中， 内置在单板中的串口通 过接口芯片与背板的串口总线相连， 串口总线与主控板中的串口接口电路 相连， 从而串口信号可以通过接口芯片、 串口总线、 串口接口电路进行输 出。
参见图 2 , 本发明实施例提供的单板通信装置， 具体包括主控板 20、 背板 21、 以及一个或多个单板 22 , 所述单板 22中内置有串口， 所述单板 22与所述背板 21相连， 所述背板 21与所述主控板 20相连， 以及， 单板 22还包括接口芯片 220, 背板 21还包括串口总线 2 10, 主控板 20还包括 串口接口电路 200; 并且， 所述接口芯片 220和所述串口接口电路 200通过 所述串口总线 210连接。 在单板串口的发送方向， 所述接口芯片 220将所 述串口输出的串口信号通过所述串口总线 210 发送给所述串口接口电路 200, 所述串口接口电路 200输出接收到的所述串口信号； 以及， 在单板串 口的接收方向， 所述串口接口电路 200将外部送来的串口信号通过所述串 口总线 210发送给所述接口芯片 220,所述接口芯片 220将接收到的串口信 号发送给所述串口。 为了使描述简明和清晰， 下文主要针对单板串口的发 送方向进行说明， 接收与发送的差别主要是信号的传送方向不同。
单板 21还包括：
输出使能控制模块 211 , 用于控制接口芯片的输出使能端的打开或关 闭。 在输出使能端处于打开状态时， 接口芯片能够进行信号输出， 在输出 使能端处于关闭状态时， 接口芯片不能够进行信号输出。
作为一种应用实例：
主控板 20还用于， 在接收到外部输入的串口输出控制命令后， 向背板 发送该串口输出控制命令； 该串口输出控制命令可以来自与主控板相连的 外部监控装置， 外部监控装置可以通过与主控板间现有的通讯口向主控板 发送串口输出控制命令； 主控板与背板之间、 背板与单板之间可以通过以 太网、 I2C ( Inter-Integrated Circuit )等现有方式通信；
相应的， 背板 21还用于， 将主控板发出的所述串口输出控制命令传送 到所述单板； 相应的， 输出使能控制模块 211 用于， 接收背板发来的串口 输出控制命令， 根据该串口输出控制命令将本单板中接口芯片的输出使能 端打开或关闭。 例如， 在串口输出控制命令为串口输出打开控制命令时， 将本单板中接口芯片的输出使能端打开， 在串口输出控制命令为串口输出 关闭控制命令时 , 将本单板中接口芯片的输出使能端关闭。
作为另一种应用实例：
在该装置包括多个与背板连接的单板时， 主控板 20还用于： 在接收到 外部输入的串口切换命令后， 向背板发送串口输出关闭控制命令以及串口 输出打开控制命令；
相应的， 背板 21还用于， 将主控板发出的所述串口输出关闭控制命令 传送给与背板连接的、 接口芯片的输出使能端处于打开状态的第一单板； 将主控板发出的所述串口输出打开控制命令传送给与背板连接的、 接口芯 片的输出使能端处于关闭状态的第二单板；
相应的， 第一单板中的输出使能控制模块用于， 接收背板发来的串口 输出关闭控制命令， 并关闭第一单板中接口芯片的输出使能端；
第二单板中的输出使能控制模块用于， 接收背板发来的串口输出打开 控制命令， 并打开第二单板中接口芯片的输出使能端。
串口输出控制命令中可以包含背板地址信息， 以使得背板能够将串口 输出控制命令发送给对应的单板。
本发明中的接口芯片可以为： 具有输出使能端的驱动芯片， 或具有输 出使能端的电平转换芯片。 驱动芯片将串口信号进行驱动后发给串口总线， 电平转换芯片将串口信号进行电平转换后发给串口总线。
本发明中的输出使能控制模块可以为： 中央处理单元（CPU ), 或智能 平台管理控制 （ IPMC, Intelligent Platform Management Interface )模块。
本发明中的串口接口电路包括电平转换芯片和串口插座， 电平转换芯 片将串口总线发来的串口信号进行电平转换后发给串口插座， 由串口插座 输出串口信号； 或者， 串口接口电路为一个串口插座， 串口插座直接将串 口总线发来的串口信号进行输出。
仍参见图 2, 本发明实施例还提供一种单板通信系统， 该系统包括监控 装置以及上述单板通信装置， 其中，
单板通信装置 30, 用于将本装置中串口接口电路输出的串口信号发送 给监控装置； 以及通过所述串口接口电路接收所述监控装置发来的串口信 号； 监控装置 31用于， 接收单板通信装置发来的串口信号； 以及向所述单 板通信装置发送串口信号。
监控装置 31还用于： 向单板通信装置发送串口输出控制命令； 相应的， 单板通信装置 30还用于：
本装置中的主控板接收监控装置发来的串口输出控制命令后， 向背板 发送该串口输出控制命令；
本装置中的背板还用于， 将主控板发出的所述串口输出控制命令传送 到所述单板；
本装置中的单板用于， 接收背板发来的串口输出控制命令， 根据该串 口输出控制命令将本单板中接口芯片的输出使能端打开或关闭。
监控装置 31还用于： 向单板通信装置发送串口切换命令；
相应的， 单板通信装置 30还用于：
本装置中的主控板接收监控装置发来的串口切换命令， 向本装置中的 背板发送串口输出关闭控制命令以及串口输出打开控制命令；
本装置中的背板将主控板发出的所述串口输出关闭控制命令传送给与 该背板相连的、 接口芯片的输出使能端处于打开状态的第一单板； 将主控 板发出的所述串口输出打开控制命令传送给与该背板相连的、 接口芯片的 输出使能端处于关闭状态的第二单板；
本装置中与背板相连的第一单板接收背板发来的串口输出关闭控制命 令， 并关闭第一单板中接口芯片的输出使能端；
本装置中与背板相连的第二单板接收背板发来的串口输出打开控制命 令， 并打开第二单板中接口芯片的输出使能端。
参见图 3 ,本发明实施例还提供一种使用上述单板通信装置的单板通信 方法， 具体包括以下步骤：
步骤 40: 单板通信装置的单板中的接口芯片， 接收到内置在本单板中 的串口输出的串口信号；
步骤 41： 接口芯片将接收到的串口信号发送给背板中的串口总线； 步骤 42: 背板中的串口总线将接口芯片发出的所述串口信号传送给主 控板中的串口接口电路；
步骤 43: 主控板中的串口接口电路接收背板中串口接口电路发来的串 口信号后， 将该串口信号进行输出。
在步骤 40之前， 还可以包括以下步骤：
步骤 400: 单板通信装置上电， 单板通信装置中的单板将本单板中接口 芯片的输出使能端关闭。
在步骤 400之后、 步骤 41之前， 可以包括以下步骤：
主控板接收到外部输入的串口输出打开控制命令， 将该串口输出打开 控制命令发送给向背板； 背板将主控板发出的所述串口输出打开控制命令 传送给单板； 单板接收到串口输出打开控制命令后， 打开本单板中接口芯 片的输出使能端。 那么， 步骤 41中， 接口芯片在单板打开本接口芯片的输 出使能端后， 也即本接口芯片的输出使能端处于打开状态时， 将串口信号 发送所述背板中的串口总线。
在 43之后， 还可以包括以下步骤：
步骤 430: 主控板接收到外部输入的串口切换命令， 向背板发送串口输 出关闭控制命令以及串口输出打开控制命令；
背板将主控板发出的所述串口输出关闭控制命令传送给当前接口芯片 的输出使能端处于打开状态的单板； 将主控板发出的所述串口输出打开控 制命令传送给当前接口芯片的输出使能端处于关闭状态的一个单板；
接收到串口输出关闭控制命令的单板， 关闭本单板中接口芯片的输出 使能端； 接收到串口输出打开控制命令的单板， 打开本单板中接口芯片的 输出使能端。 下面对本发明进行具体说明：
如图 2所示： 背板上的串行总线可以釆用 TTL或者 RS232等电平。 串 行总线在主控板上通过串口接口电路对外提供一个串口。
若背板中串行总线釆用 TTL电平， 则单板上的接口芯片为带输出使能 的驱动芯片， CPU的串口信号经过它驱动后与背板上的串行总线相连； 若 背板串行总线釆用 RS232电平，则单板上的接口芯片为带输出使能的 RS232 电平转换芯片， CPU的串口信号经过它转换后与背板上的串行总线相连。 接口芯片的输出使能端由单板上的 CPU或者其他功能模块控制。
若背板中串行总线釆用 TTL 电平， 则主控板上面的串口接口电路由 RS232电平转换芯片和串口插座组成； 若背板串行总线釆用 RS232电平， 则主控板上面的串口接口电路为一个串口插座。
各单板和主控板之间通过以太网、 I2C等方式进行板间通讯。
主控板与监控设备（例如个人电脑 PC )之间的通讯口可以是网口、 串 口等接口的一种或者几种。
通过控制接口芯片的输出使能， 在同一时间， 只有一块单板的接口芯 片的输出使能端处于打开状态， 其他单板的接口芯片的输出使能端处于关 闭状态 （即处于高阻态）。
单板串口切换的方式： 通过主控板通知单板进行切换。 在监控设备上 通过网口等接口下发切换串口的命令给主控板， 然后主控板执行命令， 通 过板间通讯口通知当前连接的单板关闭接口芯片的输出使能端， 再通知需 求连接的单板打开接口芯片的输出使能端。
系统的工作流程如图 4所示：
步骤 S501 : 系统上电。 上电后各单板中接口芯片的输出使能端默认全 都处于关闭状态（通过硬件设置来保证）， 这是保证避免总线冲突的重要部 步骤 S502: 系统初始化。 其中， 单板初始化时， 单板中接口芯片的输 出使能端处于关闭状态； 而主控板在初始化时通过板间通讯口查询各单板 中接口芯片的输出使能端的状态， 确保不多于一块单板中接口芯片的输出 使能端是打开的。
步骤 S503: 开始进行串口切换操作。
步骤 S504: 监控设备通过网口等接口下发切换串口的命令给主控板， 每次只能打开一个串口进行通讯。
步骤 S505: 主控板通过板间通讯口通知接口芯片的输出使能端当前处 于打开状态的单板关闭接口芯片的输出使能端。
步骤 S506: 主控板通过板间通讯口通知接口芯片的输出使能端当前处 于关闭状态的单板打开接口芯片的输出使能端。
下面结合本发明实施例中的附图， 对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行 详细的描述。
如图 5所示， 背板上的自定义串行总线釆用 TTL电平， 使用了 2个串 口信号： 输入（RX )信号和输出 （TX )信号。
单板上的接口芯片为带输出使能的驱动芯片， 例如开集（OC )驱动芯 片或者开漏（OD )驱动芯片。 CPU的串口信号经过驱动芯片驱动后与背板 上的串行总线相连； 驱动芯片的输出使能端由单板上的智能平台管理控制 ( IPMC )模块控制； 串行总线在主控板上进行上拉处理， 即串行总线通过 电阻接到电源上。
各单板上的 IPMC模块和主控板之间通过 I2C总线进行通讯。
主控板与 PC之间分别通过串口和网口相连接。其中的串口由主控板的 串口 （串口 1 )和单板的统一串口 （串口 2 ) 复合而成， 釆用 RJ45插座输 出， 通过转接线分成 2个 DB9接口的串口连到 PC上。
通过控制驱动芯片的输出使能， 在同一时间， 只有一块单板中接口芯 片的输出使能端处于打开状态， 其他单板中接口芯片的输出使能端处于关 闭状态。
单板串口切换的方式： 通过主控板进行切换。在 PC上通过网口或者串 口 1下发切换串口的命令给主控板， 然后主控板执行命令， 通过 I2C总线 通知接口芯片的输出使能端当前处于打开状态的单板关闭接口芯片的输出 使能端， 再通知接口芯片的输出使能端当前处于关闭状态的单板打开接口 芯片的输出使能端。
本实施例的工作流程如图 6所示：
步骤 S701 : 系统上电。 各单板中接口芯片的输出使能端处于关闭状态 (通过硬件设置来保证）。
步骤 S702: 系统初始化。 其中， 单板初始化时， 接口芯片的输出使能 端处于关闭状态； 而主控板在初始化时通过 I2C 总线查询各块单板中接口 芯片的输出使能端的状态， 确保不多于一块单板中接口芯片的输出使能端 是打开的。
步骤 S703: 进行串口切换操作。
步骤 S704: 监控设备通过网口或者串口 1下发切换串口的命令给主控 板， 每次只能打开一个串口进行通讯。
步骤 S705: 主控板通过 I2C总线通知接口芯片的输出使能端当前处于 打开状态的单板关闭接口芯片的输出使能端。
步骤 S706: 主控板通过 I2C总线通知接口芯片的输出使能端当前处于 关闭状态的单板打开接口芯片的输出使能端。
综上， 本发明的有益效果包括：
本发明实施例提供的单板通信装置中， 内置在单板中的串口通过接口 芯片与背板的串口总线相连， 串口总线与主控板中的串口接口电路相连， 从而串口信号可以通过接口芯片、 串口总线、 串口接口电路进行输入和输 出， 从而实现了连接在背板上的单板的串口与外部的信号通信。 本发明通过釆用背板串行总线， 以及在单板侧进行串口切换的方法， 实现了多块单板与对外串口之间的选择通讯， 从而有效的解决了单板串口 连接不方便的问题， 而且与原系统相比增加的器件很少， 成本低廉。 本发明的精神和范围。 这样， 倘若对本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明 权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内， 则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型 在内。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种单板通信装置， 该装置包括主控板、 背板、 以及一个以上的单 板， 所述单板中内置有串口， 所述单板与所述背板相连， 所述背板与所述 主控板相连， 其特征在于， 所述单板还包括接口芯片， 所述背板还包括串 口总线， 所述主控板还包括串口接口电路， 所述接口芯片和所述串口接口 电路通过所述串口总线连接； 所述接口芯片将所述串口输出的串口信号通 过所述串口总线发送给所述串口接口电路， 所述串口接口电路输出接收到 的所述串口信号；
所述串口接口电路将外部送来的串口信号通过所述串口总线发送给所 述接口芯片， 所述接口芯片将接收到的串口信号发送给所述串口。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的装置， 其特征在于， 所述单板还包括： 输出使能控制模块， 用于控制所述接口芯片的输出使能端的打开或关 闭。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的装置， 其特征在于， 所述主控板还用于： 在接收到外部输入的串口输出控制命令后， 向背板发送该串口输出控 制命令；
所述背板还用于， 将主控板发出的所述串口输出控制命令传送到所述 单板；
所述输出使能控制模块用于， 接收所述串口输出控制命令， 根据该串 口输出控制命令将所述接口芯片的输出使能端打开或关闭。
4、 根据权利要求 2所述的装置， 其特征在于， 在该装置包括两个以上 的单板时， 所述主控板还用于：
在接收到外部输入的串口切换命令后， 向所述背板发送串口输出关闭 控制命令以及串口输出打开控制命令；
所述背板还用于， 将主控板发出的所述串口输出关闭控制命令传送给 所述两个以上的单板中接口芯片的输出使能端处于打开状态的第一单板； 将主控板发出的所述串口输出打开控制命令传送给所述两个以上的单板中 接口芯片的输出使能端处于关闭状态的第二单板；
所述第一单板中的输出使能控制模块用于， 接收所述串口输出关闭控 制命令， 并关闭第一单板中接口芯片的输出使能端；
所述第二单板中的输出使能控制模块用于， 接收所述串口输出打开控 制命令， 并打开第二单板中接口芯片的输出使能端。
5、 根据权利要求 1至 4中任一项所述的装置， 其特征在于， 所述接 口芯片为：
具有输出使能端的驱动芯片， 或具有输出使能端的电平转换芯片。
6、 根据权利要求 2至 4中任一项所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述输出 使能控制模块为：
中央处理单元 CPU, 或智能平台管理控制 IPMC模块。
7、 根据权利要求 1至 4中任一项所述的装置， 其特征在于， 所述串口 接口电路包括电平转换芯片和串口插座； 或者， 所述串口接口电路为串口 插座。
8、 一种单板通信系统， 其特征在于， 该系统包括监控装置以及权利要 求 1所述的单板通信装置；
所述单板通信装置， 用于将所述串口接口电路输出的串口信号发送给 所述监控装置； 以及通过所述串口接口电路接收所述监控装置发来的串口 信号；
所述监控装置用于， 接收所述单板通信装置发来的串口信号； 以及向 所述单板通信装置发送串口信号。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的装置， 其特征在于， 所述监控装置还用于： 向所述单板通信装置发送串口切换命令； 所述单板通信装置的主控板用于， 接收所述串口切换命令， 向所述背 板发送串口输出关闭控制命令以及串口输出打开控制命令；
所述背板用于， 将主控板发出的所述串口输出关闭控制命令传送给接 口芯片的输出使能端处于打开状态的第一单板； 将主控板发出的所述串口 输出打开控制命令传送给接口芯片的输出使能端处于关闭状态的第二单 板；
所述第一单板用于， 接收所述串口输出关闭控制命令， 并关闭第一单 板中接口芯片的输出使能端；
所述第二单板用于， 接收所述串口输出打开控制命令， 并打开第二单 板中接口芯片的输出使能端。
10、 一种使用权利要求 1 所述的单板通信装置的单板通信方法， 其特 征在于， 该方法包括：
所述单板中的接口芯片接收到内置在本单板中的串口输出的串口信 号， 将该串口信号发送给所述背板中的串口总线； 所述串口总线将接口芯 片发出的所述串口信号传送给所述主控板中的串口接口电路； 所述串口接 口电路将接收到的所述串口信号进行输出； 或者，
所述串口接口电路接收到外部输入的串口信号， 将该串口信号通过所 述串口总线发送给所述接口芯片， 所述接口芯片将接收到的串口信号发送 给所述串口。
11、 根据权利要求 10所述的方法， 其特征在于， 在单板中的接口芯片 接收到内置在本单板中的串口输出的串口信号之前， 该方法进一步包括： 所述单板通信装置上电后， 所述单板将所述接口芯片的输出使能端关 闭。
12、 根据权利要求 11所述的方法， 其特征在于， 在将所述接口芯片的 输出使能端关闭之后、 并且将该串口信号发送给所述背板中的串口总线之 前， 该方法进一步包括：
所述主控板接收到串口输出打开控制命令， 将该串口输出打开控制命 令发送给向所述背板； 所述背板将主控板发出的所述串口输出打开控制命 令传送给所述单板； 所述单板接收到所述串口输出打开控制命令后， 打开 所述接口芯片的输出使能端；
所述将该串口信号发送给所述背板中的串口总线包括：
在所述单板打开所述接口芯片的输出使能端后， 所述接口芯片将所述 串口信号发送给所述背板中的串口总线。
13、 根据权利要求 12所述的方法， 其特征在于， 在所述串口接口电路 将接收到的所述串口信号进行输出之后， 该方法进一步包括：
所述主控板接收到串口切换命令， 向所述背板发送串口输出关闭控制 命令以及串口输出打开控制命令；
所述背板将主控板发出的所述串口输出关闭控制命令传送给当前接口 芯片的输出使能端处于打开状态的单板； 将主控板发出的所述串口输出打 开控制命令传送给当前接口芯片的输出使能端处于关闭状态的一个单板； 接收到所述串口输出关闭控制命令的单板， 关闭本单板中接口芯片的 输出使能端； 接收到所述串口输出打开控制命令的单板， 打开本单板中接 口芯片的输出使能端。
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