Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
  • B82B—NANOSTRUCTURES FORMED BY MANIPULATION OF INDIVIDUAL ATOMS, MOLECULES, OR LIMITED COLLECTIONS OF ATOMS OR MOLECULES AS DISCRETE UNITS; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT THEREOF
  • B82B1/00—Nanostructures formed by manipulation of individual atoms or molecules, or limited collections of atoms or molecules as discrete units
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
  • C08K9/02—Ingredients treated with inorganic substances
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
  • B82B—NANOSTRUCTURES FORMED BY MANIPULATION OF INDIVIDUAL ATOMS, MOLECULES, OR LIMITED COLLECTIONS OF ATOMS OR MOLECULES AS DISCRETE UNITS; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT THEREOF
  • B82B3/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures by manipulation of individual atoms or molecules, or limited collections of atoms or molecules as discrete units
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
  • B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
  • B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
  • B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
  • B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
  • C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
  • C01B32/15—Nano-sized carbon materials
  • C01B32/158—Carbon nanotubes
  • C01B32/16—Preparation
  • C01B32/162—Preparation characterised by catalysts
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
  • C03C25/00—Surface treatment of fibres or filaments made from glass, minerals or slags
  • C03C25/10—Coating
  • C03C25/42—Coatings containing inorganic materials
  • C03C25/44—Carbon, e.g. graphite
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
  • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
  • C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
  • C08J5/10—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material characterised by the additives used in the polymer mixture
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K3/02—Elements
  • C08K3/04—Carbon
  • C08K3/041—Carbon nanotubes
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
  • C08K7/02—Fibres or whiskers
  • C08K7/04—Fibres or whiskers inorganic
  • C08K7/14—Glass

Definitions

• fibrous composite materials are increasing rapidly with a variety of demands on structural, thermal and electrical properties, for example.
• One subset of fibrous composite materials is fiber-reinforced thermoplastic matrix composites. These composites can be created with glass and/or carbon fibers, as well as ceramic, metal, and/or organic fibers, which are integrated with an uncured thermoplastic matrix material using a variety of techniques and cured through a thermal cycle. Predominantly microscale reinforcement is used with glass or carbon fibers with diameters on the order of 5 - 15 microns.
• composites of the invention incorporate CNT-infused fiber materials as described further below.
• the present composites can include any of glass fibers, carbon fibers, ceramic fibers, metal fibers and/or organic fibers that have been infused with carbon nanotubes.
• fiber or “fiber material” refers to any material which has a fibrous structure as its elementary structural component.
• the term encompasses fibers, filaments, yarns, tows, tows, tapes, woven and non-woven fabrics, plies, mats, and the like.
• Tensile strength can include three different measurements: 1) Yield strength which evaluates the stress at which material strain changes from elastic deformation to plastic deformation, causing the material to deform permanently; 2) Ultimate strength which evaluates the maximum stress a material can withstand when subjected to tension, compression or shearing; and 3) Breaking strength which evaluates the stress coordinate on a stress-strain curve at the point of rupture.
• Composite shear strength evaluates the stress at which a material fails when a load is applied perpendicular to the fiber direction.
• Electrical conductivity or specific conductance is a measure of a material's ability to conduct an electric current.
• CNTs with particular structural parameters such as the degree of twist, which relates to CNT chirality can be highly conducting, thus exhibiting metallic properties.
• a recognized system of nomenclature M. S. Dresselhaus, et al. Science of Fullerenes and Carbon Nanotubes, Academic Press, San Diego, CA pp. 756-760, (1996) has been formalized and is recognized by those skilled in the art with respect to CNT chirality.
• the CNT-infused carbon fiber material-forming processes of the invention can avoid CNT entanglement that occurs when trying to apply suspensions of pre-formed carbon nanotubes to fiber materials. That is, because pre-formed CNTs are not fused to the carbon fiber material, the CNTs tend to bundle and entangle. The result is a poorly uniform distribution of CNTs that weakly adhere to the carbon fiber material.
• processes of the present invention can provide, if desired, a highly uniform entangled CNT mat on the surface of the carbon fiber material by reducing the growth density.
• the CNTs grown at low density are infused in the carbon fiber material first. In such embodiments, the fibers do not grow dense enough to induce vertical alignment, the result is entangled mats on the carbon fiber material surfaces.
• manual application of pre-formed CNTs does not insure uniform distribution and density of a CNT mat on the carbon fiber material.
• the catalyst solution employed can be a transition metal nanoparticle which can be any d-block transition metal as described above.
• the nanoparticles can include alloys and non-alloy mixtures of d-block metals in elemental form or in salt form, and mixtures thereof.
• Such salt forms include, without limitation, oxides, carbides, and nitrides.
• Non-limiting exemplary transition metal NPs include Ni, Fe, Co, Mo, Cu, Pt, Au, and Ag and salts thereof and mixtures thereof.
• such CNT-forming catalysts are disposed on the carbon fiber by applying or infusing a CNT-forming catalyst directly to the carbon fiber material simultaneously with barrier coating deposition. Many of these transition metal catalysts are readily commercially available from a variety of suppliers, including, for example, Ferrotec Corporation (Bedford, NH).
• This example shows how a carbon fiber material can be infused with CNTs in a continuous process and mixed with a PEEK-based thermoplastic matrix material to target thermal and electrical conductivity improvements.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Nanotechnology (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Composite Materials (AREA)
• Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
• Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
• Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
• Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
• Conductive Materials (AREA)
• Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)

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• 2010
  • 2010-12-08 JP JP2012543264A patent/JP2013513020A/ja active Pending
  • 2010-12-08 US US12/963,589 patent/US20110297892A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2010-12-08 CA CA2779709A patent/CA2779709A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2010-12-08 BR BR112012013904A patent/BR112012013904A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2010-12-08 EP EP10836652.7A patent/EP2509918A4/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 2010-12-08 CN CN2010800557617A patent/CN102648155A/zh active Pending
  • 2010-12-08 WO PCT/US2010/059565 patent/WO2011072071A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 2010-12-08 KR KR1020127017728A patent/KR20120124404A/ko not_active Withdrawn
  • 2010-12-08 AU AU2010328139A patent/AU2010328139B2/en not_active Ceased
• 2012
  • 2012-05-07 ZA ZA2012/03339A patent/ZA201203339B/en unknown

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