Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
  • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
  • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
  • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
  • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
  • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
  • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
  • H01M50/514—Methods for interconnecting adjacent batteries or cells
  • H01M50/517—Methods for interconnecting adjacent batteries or cells by fixing means, e.g. screws, rivets or bolts
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
  • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

• the invention relates to an electrochemical energy store and to an arrangement of a plurality of such electrochemical energy stores.
• electrochemical energy storage in particular applications in connection with electrically or hybrid driven vehicles, require a compact and flexible arrangement of a plurality of electrochemical energy storage devices and their flexible electrical interconnection to series and / or parallel circuits, which in each case from the voltages of individual electrochemical energy storage can be provided for the application voltage required.
• EP 0 575 060 B1 describes a modular battery compartment unit comprising a plurality of battery compartments stacked and interconnected, each compartment comprising a rear portion and opposite lateral portions arranged to overlie one another access is possible at the rear portion opposite open side, at least two of the portions containing at least one battery chamber, a holding device which is attached to the battery compartment and a battery in the battery chamber holds, and attachment means that belong to each of the battery compartments and the attachment of a Battery compartment to another of the battery compartments serve.
• US 5,140,744 discloses a multi-cell storage battery, wherein the cells may be arranged so that different space and space conditions can be accommodated by means of standardized multi-cell modules.
• the present invention has for its object to provide an electrochemical energy store, which is particularly suitable for the construction of an arrangement of a plurality of such electrochemical energy storage.
• This task shall be performed by a product according to one of the independent nissol and solved by a method according to one of the independent method claims.
• Dependent claims provide advantageous developments of the invention under protection.
• the invention provides an electrochemical energy store with a housing and at least two electrical terminals, whose housing substantially has the shape of a space-filling polyhedron with at least one housing surface, on, or in which these electrical connections are arranged so that when joining and / or Aufmphegen a plurality of such electrochemical energy storage, an electrical interconnection of these energy storage to an electrical series and or parallel connection of such energy storage or by the production of an electrically conductive connection each opposite terminals of adjacent energy storage can be effected.
• An electrochemical energy store should be understood to mean any type of energy storage device that can be removed from electrical energy, wherein an electrochemical reaction takes place in the interior of the energy storage device.
• the term includes in particular galvanic cells of all kinds, in particular primary cells, secondary cells and interconnections of such cells to batteries from such cells.
• Such electrochemical energy stores usually have negative and positive electrodes, which are separated by a so-called separator. Between the electrodes there is an ion transport through an electrolyte.
• the electrodes, each having a polarity are conductively connected to electrical dischargers, which are led through the walls of the housing to the outside and connected to the electrical terminals of the energy store.
• a (three-dimensional) polyhedron (also known as polyhedron, polyhedron, or plane) is a part of three-dimensional space that is bounded exclusively by straight surfaces (planes), such as a cube or an octant of a (three-dimensional) coordinate system.
• planes straight surfaces
• Examples of everyday polyhedrons are cabinets, pyramids, houses, crystals or dice (in their usual construction).
• No polyhedra are balls, cones, bottles, pieces of cake, because they have curved edges.
• the most important polyhedra in the geometric application are cuboids, prisms, pyramids and spades (parallelepipeds).
• a space-filling polyhedron is to be understood as meaning a three-dimensional polyhedron which is shaped in such a way that, when a plurality of such polyhedra are joined and / or joined together, a three-dimensional body can be constructed without gaps or spaces between adjacent polyhedra.
• Examples of space-filling polyhedra are the cuboid, in particular the cube or the so-called parallelepiped.
• a parallelepiped (synonyms: spat, parallelepiped, parallelotope) means a geometric body that is bounded by six parallelograms that lie in pairs (congruent) in parallel planes.
• Spar is derived from calcite (calcite, chemical: CaCO 3 ) whose crystals have the shape of a parallel flax.
• room-filling polyhedra are those polyhedra which are suitable as so-called unit cells for characterizing a crystal lattice.
• An elementary cell (sometimes called a unit cell) is a unit that becomes a unit through repeated translation in three directions
• Crystal structure can be constructed. It is defined by six lattice parameters (lattice constants a, b and c as well as the intervening angles ⁇ , ß and ⁇ ) and contains all existing symmetry elements. For a given crystal structure, however, there are not just one, but an infinite number of ways to define an elementary cell.
• a body having substantially the shape of a space-filling polyhedron is meant a three-dimensional body having the property that by joining and / or joining a plurality of such bodies, a first arrangement of such bodies can be made in which each individual body thereof first arrangement occupies substantially the same position, which would occupy such a space-filling polyhedron whose shape this body substantially or should have, in a second arrangement, by a corresponding joining and / or joining together a plurality of these space-filling polyhedron with no gaps or Spaces would arise.
• Such a body does not necessarily have to be convex.
• a body is called convex if, for every 2 points of the body, the connection between these points lies completely within the body.
• Examples of such bodies are (in their usual construction) substantially cuboid bricks or substantially parallelepipedic clamping blocks with an array of a plurality of dimples on an outer surface (the "top") which are arranged so that these nubs are joined together and / or Aufraphegen the terminal blocks in a cavity in the "top" opposite outer surface engage.
• Clamping stones or hollow bricks are (in their usual construction) examples of non-convex bodies, which essentially have the shape of a space-filling polyhedron.
• these terminal blocks only "essentially” in the form of a space-filling polyhedra, which would be given in the case of substantially cuboidal clamping blocks just by the shape characterizing cuboid.
• a housing which has substantially the shape of a space-filling polyhedron
• a housing is to be understood, whose outer shape is substantially the shape of a body having substantially the shape of a space-filling polyhedron.
• Such a joining and / or joining together of a plurality of bodies which essentially have the shape of a space-filling polyhedron, thus results in arrangements of such bodies, in particular of such housings, which correspond to a dense or space-filling pack of polyhedra, whose shape substantially comprises the bodies ,
• Examples of such arrangements are walls (in their usual construction) or blocks (for example pyramids) made of bricks or clamping blocks.
• the position of the bricks or clamping blocks in such (first, real) arrangements is determined by the position of each representing polyhedron (for example, a cuboid) in a corresponding (second, imaginary) arrangement of such polyhedra, in which these polyhedra with no gaps or spaces between their surfaces, but otherwise can be arranged in any way.
• the housing has at least one first molded element which is designed such that a contraindicated joining and / or joining of a plurality of such electrochemical energy storage is not possible or leads to a non-space filling arrangement.
• first form elements are symmetry-breaking shaped elements which cause a rotational symmetry of a housing without such first form elements, for example, to be broken, ie eliminated.
• Such first form elements are preferably in the form of nubs or notches mounted on or on a housing surface.
• these form elements can also be realized by the shape and / or arrangement of the terminals, if, for example, these terminals themselves have the shape of such nubs or notches, or if, for example, the arrangement of the terminals leads to the required symmetry breaking.
• the polyhedron whose shape substantially comprises the housing itself is not rotationally symmetric, for example, symmetrical with rotations about 90 degrees about one of its axes, then these first shape elements can also be realized by choosing an asymmetrical polyhedron as the basic shape for the housing become.
• the housing substantially in the form of a single-ended polyhedron the only in a single way, namely in a single spatial orientation relative to other adjacent polyhedra with a Plurality of such polyhedra can be assembled into a space-filling, so gapless and space-free structure.
• the housing has at least one second mold element which is designed such that at least one fastening means can be pushed through the housing, which contributes to the mechanical stabilization of a space-filling arrangement of a plurality of electrochemical energy stores.
• Such second form elements are preferably realized by recesses, holes or similar deviations of the housing form of the shape of an ideal polyhedron. By such recesses or holes, for example, tie rods or bolts or similar fastening means can be performed.
• the housing has a clamping device for producing an electrically conductive connection of respectively opposing terminals of adjacent energy stores.
• Such clamping devices preferably comprise elastic components, such as springs, which press the components used for the electrically conductive connection of the terminals against each other with a certain force, so that these components are protected against unintentional disconnection of their connection to a certain extent.
• These elastic components are preferably stored in designated cavities of the housing and provided with clamping devices, for example with clamping levers, such that these elastic components when joining and / or joining adjacent housing by the fitter can be easily tensioned by operating the clamping devices. When the clamping devices are released, the electrically conductive clamping connection between the opposite terminals of adjacent energy stores is thus produced.
• at least one cooling device is integrated into the housing.
• the housing or a part of its walls is preferably made of a thermally conductive material which is preferably used to increase the heat transfer to the environment with channels for the
• Flow of a liquid or gaseous coolant is equipped.
• These channels are preferably arranged such that, when joining a plurality of such housings and / or joining them together, the openings of the channels of adjacent housings terminate as close together as possible, which in turn can preferably be achieved by means of elastic seals attached to these openings.
• a network of such cooling channels is created, which preferably extends over the entire arrangement and enables effective cooling of all the energy storage devices of the arrangement.
• recesses in preferably thermally conductive housing walls can preferably also be designed so that a network of flow ducts for a preferably gaseous coolant, for example air, forms when joining a plurality of such housings and / or.
• At least one cooling device is attached to at least one housing surface.
• the housing or a part of its walls is preferably made of a thermally conductive material.
• this housing wall is preferably shaped so that it can be brought into a good réelleleitcard with a cooling device that can be attached to the outside of this wall.
• the resulting structure of the original housing and the cooling device attached thereto can then be considered as a housing in the sense of the description of previous and other embodiments and according to the structure of an arrangement tion by joining and / or when joining a plurality of such housing can be used.
• Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a first embodiment of an electrochemical energy storage device according to the invention with electrical connections on two housing surfaces.
• FIG. 2 shows a schematic illustration of a second exemplary embodiment of an electrochemical energy store according to the invention with electrical connections on three housing surfaces;
• FIG. 3 shows a schematic illustration of an exemplary arrangement of electrochemical energy stores according to the invention
• FIG. 4 shows a schematic illustration of a further exemplary arrangement of electrochemical energy stores according to the invention.
• 5 shows a schematic representation of a further exemplary arrangement of electrochemical energy stores according to the invention
• 6 shows a schematic illustration of a third exemplary embodiment of an electrochemical energy store according to the invention with electrical connections on three housing surfaces and bores for fastening means
• 7 shows a schematic illustration of a fourth exemplary embodiment of an electrochemical energy store according to the invention with electrical connections to three housing surfaces and a cooling device
• Fig. 8 is a schematic representation of a fifth embodiment of an electrochemical energy storage device according to the invention with electrical connections to three housing surfaces, holes for fastening means and a cooling device.
• the electrochemical energy store shown in FIG. 1 with a housing and two groups 102, 103 of knob-shaped electrical connections mounted on two housing surfaces essentially has the shape of a cube or a cuboid, thus essentially the shape of a space-filling polyhedron.
• the deviations of the housing shape from the shape of an ideal space-filling polyhedron namely a cube or cuboid caused by the knob-shaped electrical connections.
• other forms of housing are also conceivable in which these deviations of the housing shape from the shape of an ideal space-filling polyhedron are also due to further or other form elements, such as recesses or mounting structures.
• these electrical connections are arranged such that, when a plurality of such electrochemical energy accumulators are joined and / or joined together, an electrical interconnection of these energy accumulators takes place in an electrical series and / or parallel connection as energy storage or by establishing an electrically conductive connection in each case opposite terminals adjacent energy storage can be effected.
• Energy storage are included as soon as a plurality of such energy storage is joined together or stacked with the correct orientation.
• FIG. 3 shows a possible arrangement of a plurality of such energy storages.
• the connections of an energy accumulator 31 1 333 protrude respectively into the corresponding indentations, not shown in the figure, of the laterally or vertically adjacent energy accumulator and can thereby be in electrical contact occur in these wells applied connection elements of the respective adjacent energy storage.
• a suitable electrical wiring of the connection elements of an energy storage device it is now possible, depending on the requirements of a technical application, to realize a required series and / or parallel connection of the energy storage device in the arrangement.
• a pure series connection of energy stores results in an addition of the electrical voltage generated by these energy stores, while a pure parallel circuit leaves the voltage unchanged but correspondingly multiplies the electrical capacity.
• the energy stores according to the invention are therefore preferably made available in different wiring variants, in which a joining or joining of such energy stores with the contacting of directly opposing connection elements, each with a series connection or a parallel connection, is directly effected. adjacent accumulated or superimposed energy storage is connected.
• the electrical contacting when joining or when joining directly opposing connections can preferably be effected automatically, for example by simple telescoping, or with the aid of connecting elements.
• connecting elements are preferably small conductor pieces, for example in the form of metallic terminals, tubes or electrically conductive, preferably a metal powder-containing silicone gaskets into consideration, which can be placed between the directly opposite terminals.
• electrically conductive, preferably a metal powder-containing silicone gaskets are also associated with the advantage that they cause an elastic storage of the energy storage.
• the electrochemical energy store shown in FIG. 2 has a housing which has at least one first mold element (205) designed in such a way that a plurality of such electrochemical energy stores can not be joined together and / or added to one another or result in a non-space-filling arrangement.
• its housing has three non-coplanar housing surfaces with preferably knob-shaped terminals 202, 203, 204, which correspond to matching ports on the not visible in this figure, hidden housing surfaces.
• the arrangements shown in Figures 4 and 5 of a plurality of such electrochemical energy storage devices can be constructed. All of these arrangements are space-filling in the sense that there are no gaps or gaps between the adjacent (imaginary) polyhedrons representing the housings, although between the real adjacent housings due to deviations from the ideal polyhedron shape, for example due to recesses in The housing surfaces or housing edges very well gaps and gaps may be present. These arrangements are not necessarily convex, as the example shown in FIG. 5 shows, because not every point on any connecting straight line of two points of these arrangements must necessarily be in the arrangement.
• the first mold element (205) shown in FIG. 2 is, for example, a nub on one of the housing surfaces and a mating recess in an opposite, not shown, concealed housing surface, which are arranged such that they possibly break the otherwise existing symmetry properties of the housing. For example, an invariance of the housing under rotations about an axis by 90 degrees, for example.
• FIGS. 6 and 8 in which the housing has at least one second mold element (605, 805) that is designed such that at least one a fastener can be pushed through the housing, which contributes to the mechanical stabilization of a space-filling arrangement of a plurality of electrochemical energy stores.
• Such second form elements may be designed as bores through the housing, for example through peripheral parts of the housing, such as through the walls of the housing. Instead of drilling differently shaped recesses or hollow screws are conceivable. By such holes or recesses rods, bolts, tie rods or similar fasteners can be pushed through the housing and through the housing adjacent energy storage or screwed into it.
• the housing has a clamping device for producing an electrically conductive connection of respectively opposing terminals of adjacent energy storage devices.
• clamping devices preferably comprise elastic components, such as springs, which press the components used for the electrically conductive connection of the terminals against each other with a certain force, so that these components are protected against unintentional disconnection of their connection to a certain extent.
• These elastic components are preferably mounted in designated cavities of the housing and provided with clamping devices, such as with clamping levers, such that these elastic components when joining and / or juxtaposing adjacent housing by the fitter can be easily tensioned by operating the clamping devices. When releasing the clamping devices thus the electrically conductive clamping connection between the opposite terminals of adjacent energy storage is made.
• the housing or a part of its walls is preferably made of a thermally conductive material, which is preferably equipped with channels for the passage of a liquid or gaseous coolant to increase the heat transfer to the environment.
• These channels are preferably arranged so that when joining and / or when joining a plurality of such housing, the openings of the channels of adjacent housing close together as closely as possible, which in turn can be preferably realized by means of these openings mounted elastic seals.
• a network of such cooling channels is formed, which preferably extends over the entire arrangement and enables effective cooling of all the energy accumulators of the arrangement.
• recesses in preferably thermally conductive housing walls can preferably also be designed such that when joining and / or joining a plurality of such housings, a network of flow channels for a preferably gaseous coolant, for example air, is formed.
• the housing or a part of its walls is preferably made of a thermally conductive material.
• this housing wall is preferably shaped so that it can be brought into a good réelleleitcard with a cooling device that can be attached to the outside of this wall.
• the resulting structure of the original housing and the cooling device attached thereto can then be considered as a housing in the sense of the description of previous and other embodiments and used to construct an assembly by joining and / or joining a plurality of such housing.
• the modules (batteries, cells) of an arrangement according to the invention can, for example, be stacked alternately with heat conducting plates.
• the contacting of the modules is preferably carried out with the aid of contacting sleeves, which can preferably be guided through corresponding cutouts in the heat-conducting plates.
• FIGS. 3, 4 and 5 show only a few exemplary possibilities for constructing an arrangement of a plurality of electrochemical devices according to the invention.
• energy storage for example, according to one of the embodiments described above.
• the construction of arrangements is possible, which adapt flexibly and space-saving the space conditions of a given application, for example, in the space-saving accommodation of traction batteries in design-related cavities of electric vehicles.
• By an appropriate rows and stacking energy storage according to the invention so complex spaces of different application environments can be effectively used.
• the invention enables a large variability in the grouping of the individual memory modules or the cells within a housing, for example a series and / or parallel connection in groups, whereby broad voltage ranges can be covered.
• a method for producing an arrangement of a plurality of electrochemical energy stores according to the invention, for example according to one of the embodiments described above, in which, when joining and / or stacking one another Are a plurality of electrochemical energy storage, an electrical interconnection of this energy storage to an electrical series and or parallel connection of such energy storage or by the production of an electrically conductive connection each opposite terminals of adjacent energy storage is effected.
• these energy stores are assembled so that the required depending on the requirements of a given application electrical series and or parallel circuits of such energy storage or by the establishment of an electrically conductive connection each opposite terminals of adjacent energy storage is effected.
• the already mentioned clamp connections can be used advantageously.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Electrochemistry (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
• Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
• Secondary Cells (AREA)

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Publications (1)

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Citations (9)

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• 2009
  • 2009-12-08 DE DE102009057368A patent/DE102009057368A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2010
  • 2010-12-08 US US13/514,483 patent/US20120295143A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2010-12-08 JP JP2012542396A patent/JP2013513212A/ja active Pending
  • 2010-12-08 KR KR1020127017524A patent/KR20120101521A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2010-12-08 CN CN2010800555467A patent/CN102640325A/zh active Pending
  • 2010-12-08 EP EP10787705A patent/EP2510567A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2010-12-08 WO PCT/EP2010/007471 patent/WO2011069651A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2010-12-08 BR BR112012013762A patent/BR112012013762A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation

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