WO2011069413A1 - 纤维紧压式非浸浴超小浴比染色方法 - Google Patents

纤维紧压式非浸浴超小浴比染色方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011069413A1
WO2011069413A1 PCT/CN2010/079144 CN2010079144W WO2011069413A1 WO 2011069413 A1 WO2011069413 A1 WO 2011069413A1 CN 2010079144 W CN2010079144 W CN 2010079144W WO 2011069413 A1 WO2011069413 A1 WO 2011069413A1
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dyeing
dyed
fiber
ultra
bath ratio
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PCT/CN2010/079144
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张荣祥
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北京雪莲集团有限公司
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Priority to EP10835448.1A priority Critical patent/EP2511410A4/en
Publication of WO2011069413A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011069413A1/zh

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B5/00—Forcing liquids, gases or vapours through textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing impregnating
    • D06B5/12—Forcing liquids, gases or vapours through textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing impregnating through materials of definite length
    • D06B5/14—Forcing liquids, gases or vapours through textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing impregnating through materials of definite length through fibres, slivers or rovings
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B19/00—Treatment of textile materials by liquids, gases or vapours, not provided for in groups D06B1/00 - D06B17/00
    • D06B19/0088—Treatment of textile materials by liquids, gases or vapours, not provided for in groups D06B1/00 - D06B17/00 using a short bath ratio liquor
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
    • D06B5/00—Forcing liquids, gases or vapours through textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing impregnating
    • D06B5/12—Forcing liquids, gases or vapours through textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing impregnating through materials of definite length
    • D06B5/16—Forcing liquids, gases or vapours through textile materials to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing impregnating through materials of definite length through yarns, threads or filaments
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
    • Y02P70/62—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product related technologies for production or treatment of textile or flexible materials or products thereof, including footwear

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fiber compacting non-immersion bath ultra-small bath ratio dyeing method, which can be mainly used for dyeing loose fibers, fiber strips or yarns of various natural or chemical fibers.
  • the existing fiber dyeing methods are mainly divided into: bulk fiber dyeing, fiber strip dyeing, yarn dyeing, finished dyeing (piece dyeing, garment dyeing) and the like.
  • Each dyeing method has its own dyeing equipment, such as: wool dyeing machine, top dyeing machine, yarn dyeing machine, rope dyeing machine, etc. Since different materials to be dyed require different dyeing equipment, not only the cost of the production equipment is increased, but also a large production space is required.
  • the bath ratio is the mass ratio of the dyed material to the dye liquor used, and the more the dye liquor used for the same amount of material to be dyed, the larger the bath ratio.
  • the materials to be dyed are bathed into the dye liquor, thereby consuming a large amount of water, bath ratio. It is also relatively large. Usually, 1kg of the material to be dyed is dyed with 10-25kg of water, and the bath ratio is about 1:10-25.
  • the present invention provides a fiber compacting non-immersion bath ultra-small bath ratio dyeing method, by which no bathing is required, and ultra-small bath ratio dyeing can be realized. This reduces the water used for dyeing, reduces the amount of sewage discharged, and is also suitable for dyeing a variety of different materials, which is conducive to saving water consumption, reducing environmental pollution of dyeing wastewater, and reducing production costs. In addition, the dyeing uniformity is also improved.
  • the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: a fiber compacted non-immersion bath ultra-small bath ratio dyeing method, which usually forcibly compresses the material to be dyed, and dyes it in a compressed state through a flow dyeing solution that passes through the material to be dyed.
  • the preferred range of compression capacity of the material to be dyed in a compressed state is usually
  • the preferred range is 0. 4-0. 5g / cm 3 .
  • the material to be dyed can be loaded into a loading device for the dyeing process (during dyeing), which is usually carried out by a mechanical compacting device to achieve the desired compression capacity of the material to be dyed in the loading device.
  • the loading device is usually provided with an axial core tube, and the side wall of the core tube and the loading device is usually provided with a through hole, and the flowing dye liquid can be fed by the core tube of the material loading device to be dyed. And the material to be dyed can be radially entered through the through hole on the side wall of the core tube.
  • a water tank can usually be provided under the loading device, and the dye liquor in the water tank can be sent to the core tube for circulating dyeing through a circulation pump, at least part of the material to be dyed in the loading device is located in the water tank. Above the liquid level.
  • the dye liquor in the tank can be heated by steam and/or electric heating to achieve and/or maintain the desired bath temperature.
  • the mass bath ratio of the material to be dyed to the dye liquor used is preferably in the range of less than or equal to 1:2, and a further preferred range is 1:1-1:2.
  • the material to be dyed may be wool, cashmere, cotton, chemical fiber or a mixture of loose fibers, fiber strips or yarns.
  • the invention has the beneficial effects that: the material to be dyed is forcibly compressed, and is dyed by the flowing dyeing liquid running through the material to be dyed in a compressed state, and the tightness of each part after the dyed material is forcedly compressed,
  • a good and more pronounced uniformity can be achieved, so that the resistance of the dyeing liquid to the dyeing liquid is uniform, and the circulating flowing dye liquid enters the material to be dyed. It can maintain a uniform flow and is in full contact with the material to be dyed, so as to achieve uniform dyeing.
  • the color uniformity achieved by this dyeing method is significantly better than the existing dyeing technology, and at the same time, the same dyeing is achieved.
  • the required dye and water consumption are significantly reduced, and the discharge of the dyeing wastewater is correspondingly reduced, thereby effectively alleviating the environmental impact of the wastewater; and since the method does not use the bath, thereby eliminating the need to achieve bathing solution
  • the minimum amount of water required so that the water level in the sink can be guaranteed to be pumped That ring may be, it provides favorable conditions for further reducing the dyeing bath.
  • the method is also applicable to the dyeing of a plurality of different materials to be dyed, and various dyeing can be realized by using the same equipment, the number of dyeing equipments is reduced, the equipment cost is reduced, and the enterprise is further improved. Profit margin.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of a conventional bulk fiber dyeing apparatus.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic illustration of the apparatus of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the specific implementation process of the New Zealand washing hair dyeing in the bath ratio of 1:1.4. detailed description
  • the present invention provides a fiber-pressing non-dipping bath ultra-small bath ratio dyeing method, which successfully solves the fiber dyeing in the case of ultra-small bath ratio, reduces the water consumption of dyeing, and reduces the amount of sewage discharged.
  • the dyeing uniformity is improved, the pollution of the sewage to the environment is effectively reduced, and the production cost is reduced.
  • Disperse fiber such as: loose wool, loose cashmere, loose cotton, loose chemical fiber, etc.
  • fiber strips such as: wool, cotton, chemical strips, etc.
  • yarn such as: wool yarn, cashmere yarn, cotton yarn, chemical fiber
  • the yarn and its blended yarn, etc. are awaiting the dyeing material 4 and are mechanically pressed and pressed in a specific loading device 1.
  • Materials such as compressed fibers require uniform density to ensure that the dye liquor passes through.
  • the squeezing of the fiber is 0. 4-0. 5g / cm 3 , such as 0. 41 g / cm 3 , 0. 42g / cm / 0. 43g / cm / 0. 44g / cm 3 , 0. 45g/cm 3 , 0. 46g/cm ⁇ 0. 47g/ cm ⁇ 0. 48g/cm ⁇ 0. 49 g/cm 3 .
  • the compressed material to be dyed is loaded into the loading device, it is passed through the dye liquor for radial flow dyeing.
  • a core tube 2 penetrating the axis may be disposed in the axial direction of the loading device of the material to be dyed, a plurality of through holes are formed in the core tube, and a through hole is also formed in the side wall of the loading device to realize the dyeing liquid 5 Radial flow.
  • the dyeing liquid is input axially from the core tube, and then enters the material to be dyed through the pore diameter on the core tube and is evenly distributed.
  • the direction indicated by the arrow in the figure is the flow direction of the dye liquor.
  • the color of the dyeing liquid in the space of the material to be dyed is usually 0. 5-0. 6g/cm 3 , such as 0. 51 g/cm 3 , 0. 52g/cm 3 , 0. 53g/cm 3 , 0. 54g/ cm 3, 0. 55 g / cm 3, 0. 56g / cm 3, 0. 57g / cm 3, 0. 58g / cm ⁇ 0. 59g / cm 3.
  • the capacity of the dyeing liquid refers to the ratio of the volume of the dyeing liquid in the loading device to the space volume of the dyeing liquid, which is equal to the dyeing capacity per unit volume in the loading device. The quality of the liquid.
  • the circulation pump 3 is connected to the dyeing device.
  • a water tank 6 is usually provided under the loading device, and the dye liquor in the water tank is cyclically driven into the core tube in the loading device by a circulation pump to perform cycle dyeing.
  • the fiber-pressing non-dipping bath ultra-small bath ratio dyeing method no longer sets the bathing bath dyeing solution, and at least a part of the material to be dyed in the loading device is above the dyeing liquid level in the water tank of the dyeing device, and the dyeing liquid level in the water tank As long as the height can maintain the necessary cycle, the concentration of the dye in the dye solution should also be considered.
  • the dyeing device completes the full circulation of the dyeing solution or the treatment liquid to achieve uniformity of dyeing or treatment, and at the same time, has the function of lifting and lowering the dyeing liquid.
  • the dye can be heated by the hot steam input pipe, sent to the bottom of the tank, or heated by electric heating to maintain the necessary temperature of the dye.
  • the mass ratio of the material to be dyed and the dye liquor used in the dyeing process is about 1: 1, and the remaining dye liquor is present in the circulating pump body, the heating zone and the infusion line, and the dye bath ratio can be controlled at about 1:2. Controls are 1: 1.1, 1: 1.2, 1: 1.3, 1: 1.4, 1: 1.5, 1: 1.6, 1: 1.7, 1: 1.8, 1: 1.9.
  • the amount of liquid in the pump body and the infusion tube is a constant value, and as the amount of dyed fiber increases, the bath ratio gradually becomes smaller. Therefore, if the two are reasonable, the bath ratio will be less than 1: 2.
  • the invention can be used for the dyeing of various suitable dyes, such as the following specific examples: ⁇
  • the dyeing apparatus of the present invention is used to dye 180 kg of New Zealand washed wool of 48-50 s , 250 Kg of water only, and a bath ratio of 1:1.4.
  • the dyeing prescription and dyeing process are as follows:
  • the pump is used to circulate the dye solution in the dyeing device.
  • the temperature is first raised to 40 ° C, the leveling agent is added for 5 minutes, then the dye is added for 5 minutes, and then acetic acid is added for 5 minutes. Then, 1
  • the temperature rise rate of °C/min the temperature is raised to 98 ° C, and kept for 1 hour, then the temperature is lowered, and the floating color is washed.
  • the concentration of auxiliaries in the dyeing solution and the auxiliaries in the treatment solution will increase significantly.
  • the dye concentration in the dye liquor is increased by 5 times compared with the bath ratio of 1:10, and when the dye dosage is 5% (0WF), the dye concentration is 0.5% when the bath ratio is 1:10.
  • the dye concentration at a bath ratio of 1:2 was 2.5%.
  • the increase in dye concentration greatly increases the coloring and fixing rate of certain dyes (reactive dyes), thereby saving the amount of dye.
  • the increase of the concentration of the treatment liquid will greatly reduce the amount of some additives.
  • the reactive dyes for cotton need to be salted (Yuanming powder) to promote the dyeing.
  • the decrease of the bath ratio will double the amount of salt saved. If the bath ratio is 1:10, the salt dosage is lOOKg, and when the bath ratio is 1:2, the salt dosage is only 20Kg.
  • the material to be dyed is a kind of filter material, so the water solubility of the dye is required to be strong, especially when the dye is dark, the dye concentration is high, and the dye must be sufficiently dissolved to complete the material to be dyed. dyeing.
  • Fiber-pressed non-dip bath ultra-small bath dyeing methods have certain limitations for dyeing certain dyes or poorly water-soluble dyes.
  • the compression capacity referred to in this specification refers to the ratio of the mass of the material to be dyed to the volume of the space occupied by it (including voids), which is equal to the mass of the material to be dyed contained in the unit volume of the loading device.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Coloring (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及纤维紧压式非浸浴超小浴比染色方法，其将待染色物料强制压缩，并在压缩状态下通过贯穿待染色物料的流动染液进行染色。所述待染色物料的压缩容量通常可为0.4-0.5g/cm3，所述待染色物料与所用染液的质量浴比小于或等于1：2。本发明实现了超小浴比纤维染色，降低了染色的耗水量，减少了污水排放量，提高了染色的均匀性，有效地减轻了污水对环境的污染，降低了生产成本，主要可用于各种天然或化学纤维的散纤维、纤维条和纱线等的染色。

Description

纤维紧压式非浸浴超小浴比染色方法 技术领域
本发明涉及纤维紧压式非浸浴超小浴比染色方法，主要可用于各 种天然或化学纤维的散纤维、 纤维条或纱线等的染色。
背景技术
现有的纤维染色方式主要分为： 散纤维染色、 纤维条染色、 纱线 染色、 成品染色（匹染， 成衣染）等。 每种染色方式均有各自的染色 设备， 如： 散毛染色机、 毛条染色机、 纱线染色机、 绳状匹染机等。 由于不同的待染色物料需要不同的染色设备，不但加大了生产设备的 成本， 而且还需要占用较大的生产空间。
在纺织染色行业， 浴比系待染色物料与所用染液的质量比，相同 量的待染色物料所用染液越多， 浴比越大。现有的各种染色设备在对 待染色物料进行染色时， 为了达到均匀染色并防止染液喷出的目的， 都要将待染色物料浸浴到染液中，从而耗用大量的水， 浴比也相对较 大。 通常情况下， 1kg待染色物料进行染色需要使用 10-25kg水配制 染液， 浴比在 1 : 10-25左右。 在此技术路线下， 即使行业内的技术 人员对染色设备进行改进， 但也没有使染色所需的用水量明显减少， 浴比明显降低， 染色过程的污水排放量依然很大， 直接导致企业综合 成本增高， 利润下降， 给环境保护带来很大压力。
发明内容
为克服现有技术的缺陷，本发明提供了纤维紧压式非浸浴超小浴 比染色方法， 通过该方法， 无需浸浴， 并可以实现超小浴比染色， 由 此减少了染色用水， 降低了污水排放量， 同时还适合于多种不同物料 的染色， 有利于节省用水量， 减轻染色废水对环境的污染， 有利于缩 减生产成本。 另外还提高了染色均匀度。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：纤维紧压式非浸浴超小浴比 染色方法， 通常将待染色物料强制压缩， 并在压缩状态下通过贯穿待 染色物料的流动染液进行染色。
处于压缩状态的所述待染色物料的压缩容量优选范围通常为
0. 3-0. 5g/ cm3 , 进一步的优选范围通常为 0. 4-0. 5g/ cm3。
可以将待染色物料装入用于染色过程（染色时）的装载装置， 通 常通过机械压紧装置进行所述强制压缩 ,使装载装置中的待染色物料 达到所要求的压缩容量。
所述装载装置内通常设有轴向芯管，所述芯管和装载装置的侧壁 上通常设有通孔，所述流动染液可以由所述待染色物料装载装置的芯 管送入， 并可以通过所述芯管侧壁上的通孔径向进入所述待染色物 料。
在染色时在装载装置下通常可以设有水槽，通过循环泵可以将水 槽中的染液送入所述芯管进行循环染色，所述装载装置中至少部分待 染色物料位于所述水槽中染液液面的上方。
可以釆用蒸汽和 /或电加热的方式对水槽中的染液加热， 以实现 和 /或保持所需的染液温度。
所述待染色物料与所用染液的质量浴比优选范围为小于或等于 1 : 2 , 进一步的优选范围为 1 : 1-1 : 2。 所述待染色物料的材质可以为羊毛、 羊绒、 棉、 化纤或以上材质 混合的散纤维、 纤维条或纱线等。
本发明的有益效果是： 将待染色物料强制压缩， 并在压缩状态下 通过贯穿待染色物料的流动染液进行染色，待染色物料经过强制压缩 后， 各处的紧密度达到均勾一致， 特别是在本发明优选和进一步的优 选压缩容量范围内， 可以实现良好的和更为明显的均勾性，使待染物 料各处对染液的阻力一致，循环流动染液进入待染色物料后， 能够保 持均匀的流动， 与待染色物料充分接触， 从而达到均匀染色的目的， 根据申请人的实验，这种染色方式实现的颜色均匀程度明显地好于现 有染色技术， 同时在达到相同的染色效果时， 需要的染料和耗水量明 显降低， 染色废水的排放量也相应减少，有效地緩解了废水对环境的 影响； 而且由于本方法不再使用浸浴， 从而免去为实现浸浴染液所要 求的最低用水量，使得水槽中的水面高度只要能够保证用泵打循环即 可， 为进一步降低染色浴比提供了有利条件。 另一方面， 本方法还适 用于多种不同性质的待染色物料的染色，釆用相同的设备就可以实现 多种染色， 减少了染色设备的配置数量， 降低了设备成本， 有利于进 一步提高企业的利润率。
附图说明
图 1是传统散纤维染色设备示意图。
图 2是本发明的设备示意图。
图 3是本发明为浴比 1 : 1. 4进行新西兰洗净毛染色的具体实施 工艺示意图。 具体实施方式
参见图 1、 3 , 本发明提供了纤维紧压式非浸浴超小浴比染色方 法， 顺利解决了超小浴比情况下的纤维染色， 降低了染色的耗水量， 减少了污水排放量，提高了染色的均勾性，有效地减轻了污水对环境 的污染， 降低了生产成本。
将散纤维（如： 散羊毛、散羊绒、散棉、散化纤等）、 纤维条（如： 羊毛条、 棉条、 化纤条等）或纱线（如： 羊毛纱、 羊绒纱、 棉纱、 化 纤纱及其混纺纱等）等待染物料 4用机械压紧装置均勾地压紧并封装 在特定的装载装置 1中。压缩的纤维等物料要求密度均匀， 以保证染 液均勾通过。 压缩的纤维等待染色物料的压缩容量可达到 0. 4-0. 5g/ cm3 , 比如 0. 41 g/cm3、 0. 42g/ cm\ 0. 43g/cm\ 0. 44g/ cm3、 0. 45g/cm3、 0. 46g/cm\ 0. 47g/ cm\ 0. 48g/cm\ 0. 49 g/cm3。
待经过压缩后的待染色物料装入装载装置后，通入染液进行径向 流的染色。
通常，可以在待染色物料的装载装置的轴向上设有贯穿轴线的芯 管 2 , 芯管上设有若干通孔， 在装载装置的侧壁上也设置通孔， 以实 现染液 5的径向流。 染液由芯管轴向输入， 随后通过芯管上的细孔径 向进入待染色物料， 并均匀分布。 图中箭头所指方向为染液的流向。
待染色物料空隙中的染液的容量通常为 0. 5-0. 6g/cm3 , 比如 0. 51 g/cm3、 0. 52g/cm3、 0. 53g/cm3、 0. 54g/cm3、 0. 55 g/cm3、 0. 56g/ cm3、 0. 57g/cm3、 0. 58g/cm\ 0. 59g/cm3。 所述染液的容量系指装载装置中 染液同染液所在空间体积之比，等于装载装置内单位容积所容纳的染 液的质量。
染色装置中连接循环泵 3,在染色时装载装置下通常设有水槽 6, 并通过循环泵将水槽内的染液循环式打入装载装置内的芯管内进行 循环染色。
纤维紧压式非浸浴超小浴比染色方法不再设浸浴用染液，装载装 置内的待染色物料至少一部分处于染色装置的水槽内染液液面之上， 水槽中的染液液面高度只要能够维持必要的循环即可，同时还应考虑 染料在染液中的浓度。
染色装置完成染液或处理液的充分循环，达到染色或处理的均匀 一致， 同时要具备对染液的升降温功能。 可以通过热蒸汽输入管道， 将蒸汽送入水槽的底部对染液进行加热，也可以通过电加热形式对染 液进行加热， 以维持染液的必要温度。
染色过程中待染色物料和所用染液的质量比约为 1: 1, 剩余的染 液存在于循环泵体、 加热区域及输液管路中， 染色浴比可控制在 1: 2 左右， 也可控制在 1: 1.1、 1: 1.2、 1: 1.3、 1: 1.4、 1: 1.5、 1: 1.6、 1: 1.7、 1: 1.8、 1: 1.9。 对于一种设备其泵体及输液管中的液体量是 一个定值， 随着染色纤维量的增加， 浴比会逐渐变小。 所以两者配合 合理的情况下， 浴比会小于 1: 2。
本发明可以用于各种适宜的染料的染色， 例如下列具体实施例： 釆用本发明的染色装置染 48-50s新西兰洗净毛 180Kg, 仅用水 250Kg, 浴比为 1: 1.4。 染色处方及染色工艺如下：
染色处方： Lanaset 红 2B 0.31%
Lanaset 黄 2R 0.58%
Lanaset 兰 2R 0.068%
匀染剂 D 0.25%
水醋酸 0.8%
染色工艺：
通过泵对染色装置中的染液循环， 将温度首先升至 40°C, 添加 匀染剂， 保持 5分钟， 然后添加染料， 保持 5分钟， 再添加水醋酸， 保持 5分钟， 然后， 以 1°C/分的升温速度， 升温至 98°C, 保持 1小 时， 然后降温， 冲洗浮色。
通过该方法可以达到：
1.节省染料、 助剂： 随着浴比的降低， 染液中的染辅料和处理液 中的助剂浓度会大幅度增加。例如浴比为 1: 2时染液中染料浓度比浴 比为 1: 10时增加 5倍， 当染料用量为 5% ( 0WF ), 浴比为 1: 10时的 染料浓度为 0.5%,而浴比为 1: 2时的染料浓度为 2.5%。染料浓度的增 加会大幅度提高某些染料（活性染料）的上色率和固色率， 从而节省 染料用量。 处理液浓度的增加会大幅度降低一些助剂的用量， 例如棉 用活性染料需要加盐（元明粉）进行促染， 在保证相同盐浓度时浴比 的下降将成倍节省盐的用量。 假如浴比为 1: 10时盐用量为 lOOKg, 浴比为 1: 2时盐用量仅为 20Kg。
2.降低能耗： 处理液浴比的降低对能耗的降低也很明显， 假如 1: 10浴比是将 lOOKg水从室温升到 100°C, 而 1: 2浴比只是将 20Kg 水从室温升到 100 °C , 因此染色能耗应该成倍降低。
3 .减少污水排放： 随着染色浴比的降低， 染色用水量大幅度减 少， 污水排放量自然降低。
4 .减少设备占地空间： 由于纤维的压紧及非浸浴染色实现的超 小浴比染色，相应的溶液容器及纤维所占空间减少， 所以整体染色设 备占地也相应减少。
5 .为实现染色无水化和零排放提供了平台： 当前普遍实施的是 水作染色介质， 如果要实现无水染色， 超小浴比染色机绝对是一个很 好的操作平台，其超小的浴比带来的有限的染色介质可以方便的实施 染色介质的萃取、蒸馏等回收工艺，真正实现染色的无水化和零排放。
在超小浴比状态下，待染色物料是一种过滤材料， 因此要求染料 的水溶解性要强， 尤其是染深色时， 染料浓度很高， 必须保证染料充 分溶解， 才能完成待染色物料的染色。 纤维紧压式非浸浴超小浴比染 色方法应用于某些涂料染色或水溶性差的染料有一定的局限性。
本说明书所称压缩容量系指待染色物料质量与其所占空间 (包括 空隙）体积之比， 其数值等于装载装置的单位容积内所容纳的待染色 物料的质量。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 纤维紧压式非浸浴超小浴比染色方法，其特征在于将待染色 物料强制压缩，并在压缩状态下通过贯穿待染色物料的流动染液进行 染色。
1、 根据权利要求 1所述纤维紧压式非浸浴超小浴比染色方法， 其特征在于处于压缩状态的所述待染色物料的压缩容量为
0. 3-0. 5g/ cm3。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述纤维紧压式非浸浴超小浴比染色方法， 其特征在于处于压缩状态的所述待染色物料的压缩容量为 0. 4-0. 5g/ cm3。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述纤维紧压式非浸浴超小浴比染色方法， 其特征在于将待染色物料装入用于染色过程的装载装置 ,通过机械压 紧装置进行的所述强制压缩，使装载装置中的待染色物料达到所要求 的压缩容量。
5、 根据权利要求 4所述纤维紧压式非浸浴超小浴比染色方法， 其特征在于所述装载装置内设有轴向芯管，所述芯管和装载装置的侧 壁上设有通孔， 所述流动染液由所述芯管送入， 并通过所述芯管侧壁 上的通孔径向进入所述待染色物料。
6、 根据权利要求 5所述纤维紧压式非浸浴超小浴比染色方法， 其特征在于染色时在装载装置下设有水槽 ,通过循环泵将水槽中的染 液送入所述芯管进行循环染色，所述装载装置中至少部分待染色物料 位于所述水槽中染液液面的上方。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述纤维紧压式非浸浴超小浴比染色方法， 其特征在于釆用蒸汽和 /或电加热的方式对水槽中的染液加热， 以实 现和 /或保持所需的染液温度。
8、 根据权利要求 1、 2、 3、 4、 5、 6或 7所述纤维紧压式非浸 浴超小浴比染色方法，其特征在于所述待染色物料与所用染液的质量 浴比小于或等于 1 : 2。
9、 根据权利要求 1、 2、 3、 4、 5、 6或 7所述纤维紧压式非浸 浴超小浴比染色方法，其特征在于所述待染色物料与所用染液的质量 浴比为 1 : 1-1 : 2。
1 0、 根据权利要求 8或 9所述纤维紧压式非浸浴超小浴比染色方 法， 其特征在于所述待染色物料的材质为羊毛、 羊绒、 棉、 化纤或以 上材质混合的散纤维、 纤维条或纱线。
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CN102134793B (zh) * 2011-04-15 2012-05-23 广州番禺高勋染整设备制造有限公司 超低浴比三级叶轮泵染纱机
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