WO2011052843A1 - Pile à combustible à oxyde solide, et procédé de production associé - Google Patents

Pile à combustible à oxyde solide, et procédé de production associé Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011052843A1
WO2011052843A1 PCT/KR2009/007059 KR2009007059W WO2011052843A1 WO 2011052843 A1 WO2011052843 A1 WO 2011052843A1 KR 2009007059 W KR2009007059 W KR 2009007059W WO 2011052843 A1 WO2011052843 A1 WO 2011052843A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fuel cell
oxide fuel
solid oxide
buffer member
electrolyte
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/KR2009/007059
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
유영성
최진혁
이태희
백승욱
배중면
Original Assignee
한국전력공사
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Application filed by 한국전력공사 filed Critical 한국전력공사
Publication of WO2011052843A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011052843A1/fr

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/12Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
    • H01M8/1213Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the electrode/electrolyte combination or the supporting material
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/12Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02Details
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02Details
    • H01M8/0271Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
    • H01M8/0273Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes with sealing or supporting means in the form of a frame
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/12Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
    • H01M2008/1293Fuel cells with solid oxide electrolytes
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a solid oxide fuel cell, and more particularly, to a solid oxide fuel cell and a method for manufacturing the same, which prevent a poor contact with an upper separator when stacking a separator and enable smooth current collection.
  • Fuel cells convert chemical energy generated by oxidation directly into electrical energy, which is a new environmentally friendly future energy technology that generates electrical energy from materials rich in the earth such as hydrogen and oxygen.
  • the fuel cell is supplied with oxygen to the cathode and hydrogen to the anode to perform electrochemical reactions in the form of electrolysis and reverse reaction of water, thereby generating electricity, heat, and water without causing pollution. Produce electric energy with high efficiency.
  • Such a fuel cell can increase the efficiency of 40% or more because it is free from the limitation of the Carnot Cycle, which acts as a limit in the conventional heat engine.
  • unlike the conventional heat engine since the mechanically moving part is unnecessary, there are various advantages such as miniaturization and no noise. Therefore, research and technology development related to fuel cells are actively progressing.
  • the fuel cell may be a phosphate fuel cell (PAFC), molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC), solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), or polymer electrolyte fuel.
  • PAFC phosphate fuel cell
  • MCFC molten carbonate fuel cell
  • SOFC solid oxide fuel cell
  • PEMFC Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell
  • DMFC methanol fuel cells
  • AFC alkaline fuel cells
  • each of the fuel cells has various output ranges, uses, and the like, so that a fuel cell can be selected according to a purpose.
  • the solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is relatively easy to control the position of the electrolyte, the position of the electrolyte is fixed, there is no risk of electrolyte exhaustion.
  • SOFC solid oxide fuel cell
  • Solid oxide fuel cells typically use yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) as the electrolyte, Ni-YSZ cermet as the anode, and perovskite material as the cathode.
  • Oxygen ions are used as mobile ions.
  • a metal support solid oxide fuel cell is composed of a separator plate laminated in multiple layers and a plurality of cells arranged in each separator plate. At this time, the cell is composed of an electrolyte, an anode (anode) and an air electrode (cathode) which are formed in contact with both sides of the electrolyte, and a metal support which is in direct contact with the fuel electrode.
  • An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problem, and in the fuel cell stack in which the separator plate and one stacked unit cell are alternately stacked, by offsetting the bending difference of the surface of the stacked unit cell,
  • the present invention provides a solid oxide fuel cell and a method for manufacturing the same, which can prevent poor contact and allow smooth current collection.
  • another object of the present invention is a height generated between a plurality of stacked unit cells arranged in a separator plate in a fuel cell stack manufactured by arranging the stacked unit cells in a plurality of array types (array type) on the separator plate.
  • the solid oxide fuel cell of the present invention includes an electrolyte, a unit cell including a fuel electrode (anode) and an air electrode (cathode) respectively bonded to both surfaces of the electrolyte; And a buffer member bonded to the unit cell and having elasticity.
  • the solid oxide fuel cell further includes an inner separator plate on which the unit cell and the buffer member are mounted.
  • the solid oxide fuel cell further includes an outer separator plate on which the stacked unit cell including the unit cell, the buffer member, and the inner separator plate is seated and assembled.
  • the external separator has a plurality of array types (array type) in which stacked unit cells are stacked in a plurality of rows.
  • the solid oxide fuel cell further includes a support bonded to the buffer member to support the unit cell and the buffer member.
  • the material of the support is a metal, ceramic or metal-ceramic composite.
  • the buffer member is porous and conductive and is in the form of a mesh, felt or preform.
  • the material is also a metal, ceramic or metal-ceramic composite.
  • a method of manufacturing a solid oxide fuel cell according to the present invention includes manufacturing an electrolyte-coated anode or cathode sintered body, and bonding the buffer member having elasticity to the anode or cathode sintered body.
  • the method of manufacturing the solid oxide fuel cell further includes bonding the support to the buffer member.
  • the method of manufacturing the solid oxide fuel cell further includes bonding an inner separator plate to the support.
  • the method for manufacturing a solid oxide fuel cell further includes coating or bonding an air electrode or a fuel electrode to a surface of an electrolyte to complete a stacking unit cell.
  • the method for manufacturing a solid oxide fuel cell further includes assembling the stacking unit cell to an external separator and stacking the external separator.
  • the buffer member offsets the bending difference on the surface of the stacked unit cell to separate the upper portion.
  • the buffer member offsets the height difference between the stacked unit cells located in the same layer and is located on the same layer. Since all of the stacked unit cells are made to be in close contact with the upper separator, poor contact with the upper separator is prevented and smooth current collection is possible.
  • the buffer member may be made of a metal or a ceramic having high conductivity and a composite of two or more components, thereby improving current collection efficiency due to its conductivity.
  • sufficient mechanical strength can be obtained by fabricating the support for supporting the unit cell and the buffer member from a metal, ceramic, or metal-ceramic composite.
  • FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a solid oxide fuel cell according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the stacked unit cell shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the stacked unit cell shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the stacked unit cell shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 4 is a process chart showing a manufacturing process of a solid oxide fuel cell according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of a solid oxide fuel cell according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view showing a stacked unit cell of a solid oxide fuel cell according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view showing a stacked unit cell of a solid oxide fuel cell according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • buffer member 221 buffer member 221
  • 222 slurry bonding material
  • FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of a solid oxide fuel cell according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • a seating groove (100a) is formed, the outer separation plate 100 is stacked in a multi-layer, and one stacked unit cell assembled in the mounting groove (100a) of the outer separation plate 100. 200.
  • the stacked unit cell 200 it is also possible to mount the stacked unit cell 200 on the surface of the flat plate-shaped external separator plate without forming the mounting groove 100a in the external separator plate 100, and a channel-shaped flow path in the external separator plate. It is also possible to form and to seat the stacked unit cells 200 in the flow path. On the other hand, a plurality of flow path forming grooves (100b) for forming a flow path are formed on the side of the outer separation plate 100, respectively.
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the stacked unit cell shown in FIG. 1
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the stacked unit cell shown in FIG. 1.
  • the stacked unit cell 200 includes a unit cell 210, a buffer member 220, a support 230, and an internal separator 240.
  • the unit cell 210 has a form in which a cathode (anode) 212 is bonded to one side and an cathode (cathode) 213 is coated on the other side with an electrolyte 211 interposed therebetween. At this time, a thermochemically stable metal oxide is used as the electrolyte 211.
  • the anode 212 and the cathode 213 have a porous structure to facilitate the electrochemical reaction, and the electrolyte has a dense structure such that fuel gas and oxidizing gas are not vented with each other.
  • the buffer member 220 is positioned between the unit cell 210 and the support 230, and is formed of a conductive and porous member such as a mesh, a felt, or a pre-form.
  • a conductive and porous member such as a mesh, a felt, or a pre-form.
  • the material of the buffer member 220 not only metals such as iron (Fe), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), and the like which have excellent conductivity, but also alloys or other metals of these metal elements may be used.
  • a ceramic or metal-ceramic composite such as a high conductivity perovskite, may be used.
  • the support 230 is coupled to the buffer member 220 so that the buffer member 220 is positioned between the unit cell 210 to support the unit cell 210 and the buffer member 220, and a flow path forming hole ( 230a) is formed.
  • the support 230 may be made of a metal, ceramic, or metal-ceramic composite to obtain sufficient mechanical strength.
  • the inner separation plate 240 is bonded to the bottom of the support 230, and the channel channels 240a and 240b are formed at the top and the bottom thereof, respectively.
  • the upper and lower flow channel channels 240a and 240b are formed in a direction orthogonal to each other, and each flow channel channel 240a and 240b communicates with the flow path forming groove 100b formed in the outer separation plate 100.
  • the widths of the channel channels 240a and 240b are arranged in the same or similar size.
  • the inner separation plate 240 is finally bonded to the outer separation plate 100 when the stacked unit cell 200 is inserted and seated in the seating groove 100a of the outer separation plate 100.
  • the inner separator 240 may be made of the same material as the support 230.
  • FIG. 4 is a process chart showing a manufacturing process of a solid oxide fuel cell according to the present invention.
  • an electrolyte 211 is coated on one surface of a relatively thick anode 212 to manufacture a sintered anode sintered body (S1).
  • the manufacturing method means a sintered body manufactured according to a conventional ceramic unit cell manufacturing method.
  • the anode sintered body and the support 230 are bonded and sintered, respectively (S2).
  • this support 230 is subsequently joined (bonded) with the internal separator 240.
  • the sintering is performed at a high temperature of 400 ° C. to 1600 ° C. in the air in a reducing atmosphere in the case of metal and in the case of conductive ceramics.
  • the stack is intact even if the heat treatment is omitted, the same effect can be obtained because the sintering proceeds even during a high temperature stack operation.
  • the cathode 213 is printed or attached to the surface of the electrolyte 211 and then heat-treated, thereby completing the stacked unit cell 200 (S3).
  • the printing conditions follow the conventional printing method, and when the metal buffer member and the support body are used, the heat treatment is not performed or is performed in a reducing atmosphere, and the others are usually performed in air, and are determined within 500 ° C to 1400 ° C.
  • the assembly is completed by bonding and heat treatment with the outer separation plate 100 using a conductive bonding material (S4). ).
  • a conductive bonding material S4.
  • the plurality of stacked unit cells 200 and the plurality of outer separator plates 100 including the current collector and the sealing material are stacked and assembled into fuel.
  • the battery stack is completed (S5).
  • the surface of the stacked unit cell 200 may not be horizontal and may have bending (height difference between each other). Can be lost.
  • the buffer member 220 positioned between the unit cell 210 and the support 230 plays a buffer role
  • the stacked unit cell when stacked with the external separator 100 or the internal separator 240 is stacked.
  • the (200) surface deflection difference (height difference) is offset. Therefore, the surface of the stacked unit cell 200 assembled to the outer separator 100 is uniformly in close contact with the upper outer separator 100 or the inner separator 240 to enable smooth current collection.
  • the solid oxide fuel cell according to the present invention can be configured as a stack (Stack) by vertically stacked as desired, at this time, the inlet and discharge of the external reaction gas should be easy so that the stack is properly operated (power generation).
  • an inner manifold or an external manifold may be included in the stack configuration, in the case of the external manifold, the outer separation having grooves or channels connected to the reaction gas flow path as shown in FIG. It may have a plate, and in a multiple array array structure, the external separator plate should be arranged in a lattice structure.
  • FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of a solid oxide fuel cell according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the structure of the stacked unit cell and the manufacturing process of the solid oxide fuel cell are the same as in the embodiment of the present invention, description thereof will be omitted.
  • a plurality of seating grooves (100a) is formed and the stacked unit cell 200 is stacked in a plurality of arrays (array type), the external separation plate 100, and the external separation It includes a plurality of stacked unit cells 200 assembled in each seating groove (100a) of the plate (100).
  • a plurality of flow path forming grooves 100b forming a flow path are formed on the side of the outer separator plate 100, respectively.
  • the solid oxide fuel cell according to another embodiment of the present invention configured as described above, since it is very difficult to precisely control the thickness of the anode and the electrolyte, and the thickness of the bonding layer for joining the components, it is a stacked type located on the same layer. The height difference occurs between the unit cells 200.
  • the buffer member 220 positioned between the unit cell 210 and the support 230 plays a buffer role, thereby increasing the height difference between the stacked unit cells 200 when the external separator plate 100 is stacked. Offset. Therefore, all of the stacked unit cells 200 located on the same layer may be uniformly in close contact with the upper outer separator 100 or the inner separator 240 to collect current, and a shock absorbing member made of metal or ceramic having high conductivity. (220) The current collection efficiency is excellent due to its high conductivity.
  • FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view showing a stacked unit cell of a solid oxide fuel cell according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • the position of the buffer member 220 is changed in the stacked unit cell 200 of the first or second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the buffer member 220 is located between the support 230 and the inner separator 240.
  • the method for manufacturing a solid oxide fuel cell includes preparing a cathode sintered body coated with an electrolyte, bonding the support 230 to the anode sintered body, and seating the anode sintered body and the support 230 on an inner separator. In including, further comprising the step of bonding the buffer member 220 between the support 230 and the inner separator 240.
  • FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view showing a stacked unit cell of a solid oxide fuel cell according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the stacked unit cell 200 of the solid oxide fuel cell according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention has a form in which a support is omitted in the stacked unit cell 200 of the first or second embodiment of the present invention. That is, in the present embodiment, the buffer member 220 is positioned between the unit cell 210 and the internal separator 240. At this time, the inner separator 240 is to take the role of the support.
  • the method for manufacturing a solid oxide fuel cell according to the present embodiment includes preparing a cathode sintered body coated with an electrolyte, and seating the anode sintered body on an inner separator plate, thereby buffering between the anode sintered body and the inner separator plate 240. Bonding the member 220 further.
  • the gas distribution and the current collector effect can be reduced, but the height of the stacked unit cell is reduced due to the removal of the support can reduce the height of the overall stack, making it easy to manufacture a compact stack Do.
  • the present invention has been described based on the preferred embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments, and can be changed within the scope described in the claims by those skilled in the art. have.
  • the present invention is also included when a solid oxide fuel cell is used as a solid oxide electrolyzing cell (SOEC) that produces hydrogen and fuel fluid by reverse reaction rather than electricity generation.
  • SOEC solid oxide electrolyzing cell
  • the electrolyte-supported solid oxide fuel cell or the cathode-supported solid oxide fuel cell may be directly buffered with each unit cell and the supporting cell. It can also be said to fall within the scope of the present invention because it can lower the electrical contact resistance and maximize the current collecting effect by the effect of canceling the height difference by contacting the member.
  • the manufacturing method of the anode support type solid oxide fuel cell described above may be replaced by the manufacturing method of the cathode coated cathode sintered body instead of the electrolyte coated anode sintered manufacturing step.
  • the manufacturing method of the cathode coated cathode sintered body instead of the electrolyte coated anode sintered manufacturing step.
  • the buffer member offsets the bending difference on the surface of the stacked unit cell to separate the upper portion.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

La présente invention concerne une pile à combustible avec oxyde solide, divisée de façon à empêcher un contact défectueux avec une plaque de séparateur supérieure lors de la stratification de la plaque de séparateur, et permettre ainsi un recueil de courant lissé. L'invention comprend : une pile unique comprenant un électrolyte, et une électrode à combustible (anode) et une électrode à air (cathode) respectivement formées sur les deux côtés de l'électrolyte ; et un élément d'amortissement souple joint à la pile unique. En conséquence, il est possible d'empêcher un contact défectueux avec la plaque de séparateur supérieure, et ainsi d'assurer un recueil de courant lissé puisque la surface de la pile assemblée sur la plaque de séparateur est complètement placée en contact étroit avec la plaque de séparateur supérieure grâce à l'élément d'amortissement lors de la stratification de la plaque de séparateur.
PCT/KR2009/007059 2009-10-30 2009-11-27 Pile à combustible à oxyde solide, et procédé de production associé WO2011052843A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR10-2009-0104643 2009-10-30
KR1020090104643A KR101226489B1 (ko) 2009-10-30 2009-10-30 고체산화물 연료전지 및 그 제조방법

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WO2011052843A1 true WO2011052843A1 (fr) 2011-05-05

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Families Citing this family (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20140030771A (ko) * 2012-09-03 2014-03-12 한국전력공사 고체산화물 전해셀 또는 연료전지의 집전효율 향상을 위한 집전체 및 그 제조 방법
KR102327262B1 (ko) 2016-03-31 2021-11-17 한양대학교 산학협력단 고체산화물 연료전지(solid oxide fuel cell, SOFC) 또는 고체산화물 수전해전지(solid oxide electrolyte cell, SOEC)의 제조 방법

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100341402B1 (ko) * 1999-03-09 2002-06-21 이종훈 고체산화물 연료전지의 단전지와 스택구조
KR100496408B1 (ko) * 2000-11-27 2005-06-17 닛산 지도우샤 가부시키가이샤 연료 전지 및 고체 산화물 연료 전지용 단전지
JP2008078069A (ja) * 2006-09-25 2008-04-03 Dainippon Printing Co Ltd 単室型固体酸化物形燃料電池のスタック構造

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100889266B1 (ko) * 2007-07-30 2009-03-19 한국과학기술원 고체산화물 연료전지의 단전지 및 분리판간 결합구조

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100341402B1 (ko) * 1999-03-09 2002-06-21 이종훈 고체산화물 연료전지의 단전지와 스택구조
KR100496408B1 (ko) * 2000-11-27 2005-06-17 닛산 지도우샤 가부시키가이샤 연료 전지 및 고체 산화물 연료 전지용 단전지
JP2008078069A (ja) * 2006-09-25 2008-04-03 Dainippon Printing Co Ltd 単室型固体酸化物形燃料電池のスタック構造

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