WO2011044748A1 - 一缸双连杆双曲轴内置型内燃机 - Google Patents

一缸双连杆双曲轴内置型内燃机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011044748A1
WO2011044748A1 PCT/CN2010/001452 CN2010001452W WO2011044748A1 WO 2011044748 A1 WO2011044748 A1 WO 2011044748A1 CN 2010001452 W CN2010001452 W CN 2010001452W WO 2011044748 A1 WO2011044748 A1 WO 2011044748A1
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Prior art keywords
piston
link
pin
crankshaft
pivot point
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PCT/CN2010/001452
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
松本武
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青岛松本造船有限公司
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Publication of WO2011044748A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011044748A1/zh

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02BINTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00Other engines
    • F02B75/06Engines with means for equalising torque
    • F02B75/065Engines with means for equalising torque with double connecting rods or crankshafts

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an internal combustion engine, i.e., an internal combustion engine, and more particularly to a piston reciprocating engine therein.
  • the piston reciprocating engines of the prior art are classified according to the number of cylinders, and can be classified into a single cylinder engine and a multi cylinder engine.
  • the engine consists of a body, a crank-and-link mechanism, a valve train, a fuel supply system, a cooling system, a lubrication system, an ignition system (for gasoline engines), and a starting system.
  • the following is a four-stroke engine as an example of how it works.
  • the four-stroke gasoline engine completes a working cycle through intake, compression, work and exhaust strokes
  • Air stroke the piston moves from the top dead center to the bottom dead center, the exhaust valve closes, the intake valve slams, and the combustible mixture is drawn into the cylinder through the intake valve until the piston moves downward to the bottom dead center;
  • the crankshaft continues to rotate, and the piston moves from the bottom dead center to the top dead center.
  • the intake and exhaust valves are closed, the cylinder becomes a closed volume, the combustible mixture is compressed, and the pressure and temperature are continuously raised when the piston reaches.
  • the intake stroke and the exhaust valve remain closed.
  • the spark plug When the piston is at the position where the compression stroke is close to the top dead center (ie, the ignition advance angle), the spark plug generates an electric spark to ignite the combustible mixture, and is combustible. After the combustion of the mixed gas, a large amount of heat is released to cause the temperature and pressure of the gas in the cylinder to rise sharply, pushing the piston to move from the top dead center to the dead center, rotating the crankshaft through the connecting rod and outputting mechanical work, in addition to maintaining the engine itself to continue to operate. In addition, the rest is used for external work.
  • the crank-link mechanism of the piston reciprocating engine is a transmission mechanism in which an internal combustion engine realizes a working cycle and completes energy conversion, and transmits a force and a change motion mode, and includes a cylinder block, a piston, a piston connecting rod, and a crankshaft;
  • the cylinder has only one piston connecting rod disposed on the piston.
  • the object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned technical drawbacks of the crank-link mechanism of the prior art internal combustion engine, and to provide a one-cylinder double-link double-crank internal combustion type internal combustion engine.
  • a one-cylinder double-link dual-crank internal combustion engine includes a crank-link mechanism, and a crank-link mechanism is provided with at least one cylinder, and each cylinder is provided with a piston; each piston of the cylinder is provided with a first connecting rod of a piston And a second link portion of the piston; the first link portion of the piston is provided with a first link and a first crankshaft, one end of the first link is movably coupled to the upper piston, and the other end of the first link is movably coupled a second crankshaft is disposed on the lower side; a second link portion of the piston is disposed with a second link and a second crankshaft, and one end of the second link is movably coupled to the upper piston, and the other end of the second link is movably coupled to the lower portion On the two crankshafts; the first link portion of the piston and the second link portion of the piston act in synchronism, and the steering between the first crankshaft and the second crankshaft is opposite.
  • first connecting rod is hinged on the piston through a first pin shaft of the piston, and the other end of the first connecting rod is hinged on the first crankshaft through a first crank pin; one end of the second connecting rod passes through the second pin of the piston
  • the shaft is hinged to the piston, and the other end of the second link is hinged to the second crankshaft by a second crank pin.
  • the first crankshaft rotates clockwise, and the second crankshaft rotates counterclockwise, and the rotational speeds of the two are the same.
  • the first link portion of the piston and the second link portion of the piston have the same structure and composition, respectively located on the left and right sides directly under the piston, and are symmetrically disposed.
  • the first pin shaft of the piston is located on the same axis line as the second pin shaft of the piston.
  • the piston is provided with a piston rod extending downwardly, and the first link and the second link are hinged on the lower end of the piston rod, and the lower end is formed into a downwardly convex arc shape.
  • the piston is provided with a piston rod extending downwardly, and the upper end of the piston rod is hinged on the piston body through a piston rod pin shaft, and the lower end of the piston rod is provided with a left convex portion and a right convex portion which are symmetrically arranged left and right, so that The entire piston rod appears to approximate an inverted T-shaped configuration; the first link is hinged to the left boss and the second link is hinged to the right boss.
  • the piston in one cylinder drives a crankshaft to drive a rotary motion through two connecting rods, that is, two crankshafts simultaneously perform mechanical energy output, and the prior art has only one crankshaft for mechanical energy output.
  • the piston moves from top dead center to bottom dead center, and the maximum moving angle formed by the connecting rod can reach 225°.
  • the maximum moving angle formed by the connecting rod is only 180°, and the crankshaft can be obtained in the present invention.
  • the rotating power of 225° is enough to burn out the fuel injected into the cylinder at one time, saving about 1/4 of the fuel, and reducing the emission of nitrogen oxides ( ⁇ ) and carbon dioxide (C0 2 ), which can fully improve the resources.
  • the utilization rate achieves the effect of energy saving and emission reduction.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structural principle of an embodiment of a crank-link mechanism according to the present invention, showing a single cylinder piston working stroke.
  • Figure 2 is also a schematic view of the structural principle of the above embodiment, showing the compression stroke of a single cylinder piston.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the structural principle of another embodiment of the crank link mechanism of the present invention.
  • the piston reciprocating engine is generally composed of a body, a crank-link mechanism, a valve train, a fuel supply system, a cooling system, and lubrication.
  • the system, the ignition system (used by the gasoline engine) and the starting system are composed.
  • the innovations in the present invention are highlighted below.
  • the above crank mechanism is provided with one cylinder or more than two cylinders (such as two-cylinder or four-cylinder, etc.), and one of the cylinders is taken as an example for description: the cylinder includes the cylinder block 1 and a piston located in the cylinder block. 2.
  • the piston 2 is provided with a piston rod 3 extending downwardly.
  • the lower end 301 of the piston rod has a circular arc shape protruding downward.
  • the piston 2 is provided with a first link portion of the piston and a second link portion of the piston.
  • the first link portion of the piston is provided with a first link 4 and a first crankshaft, and one end of the first link 4 is hinged to the lower end of the piston rod 3 of the upper piston 2 through the first pin 5 of the piston, the first link 4 The other end is hinged to the lower first crankshaft via a first crank pin (link journal) 6 .
  • the second link portion of the piston is provided with a second connecting rod 7 and a second crankshaft, and the second connecting rod 7 end is hinged to the upper piston by the second pin shaft 8 of the piston, the piston first pin 5 and the second piston
  • the pin 8 is the same pin, and the other end of the second link 7 is hinged to the lower second crankshaft via a second crank pin (link journal) 9.
  • the first link portion of the piston and the second link portion of the piston have the same structure and composition, respectively located on the left and right sides directly below the piston, and are symmetrically disposed.
  • the first link portion of the piston and the second link portion of the piston operate synchronously, and the steering between the first crankshaft and the second crankshaft is opposite, as the first crankshaft preferably rotates clockwise, and the second crankshaft rotates counterclockwise, The same rotational speed may also be preferred between the two.
  • the maximum angle ⁇ formed by the connecting line b between the point of the heart and the pivot point of the first crank pin is 225°, that is, the maximum moving clip formed by the first link 4 when the piston runs from the top dead center to the bottom dead center.
  • the angle is 225°.
  • crank link mechanism of the present invention can also adopt another preferred mode, that is, referring to Fig. 3, the piston 2 is provided with a piston rod 3 extending downwardly, and the upper end of the piston rod 3
  • the piston rod pin 10 is hinged on the piston body, and the lower end of the piston rod 3 is provided with a left convex portion 301 and a right convex portion 302 which are symmetrically arranged in a left-right direction, so that the entire piston rod looks like an inverted-shaped structure;
  • a link 4 is hinged to the left boss 301 via the first pin 5 of the piston, and the second link 7 is hinged to the right boss 302 by the second pin 8 of the piston, in this manner the first pin 5 of the piston
  • the second pin 8 with the piston is a separate pin.
  • Other parts may be the same as the corresponding parts in the above embodiment.
  • first pin of the piston and the second pin of the piston may not be at the same pivot point; the first crankshaft rotates counterclockwise, the second crankshaft clockwise Direction rotation, the speed between the two can be different; the maximum movement angle formed by the piston from top dead center to bottom dead center link can also be 190°, 195°, 200°, 215° or 220°; These should all be within the scope of the present invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)

Description

一缸双连杆双曲轴内置型内燃机
技术领域
本发明涉及内燃机即内燃发动机, 特别涉及其中的活塞往复式发动机。
背景技术
现有技术中的活塞往复式发动机按照汽缸的数量进行分类, 可以分为单缸发动机与多缸 发动机。 发动机由机体、 曲柄连杆机构、 配气机构、 燃油供给系统、 冷却系统、 润滑系统、 点火系统 (汽油发动机釆用)及起动系统等部分组成。 下面以四行程发动机为例对其工作原理
进行简要说明: 四行程汽油机经过进气、 压缩、 作功和排气行程完成一个工作循环; 其中进
1明
气行程, 活塞从上止点向下止点运动, 排气门关闭, 进气门打幵, 可燃混合气通过进气门被 吸入汽缸, 直至活塞向下运动到下止点; 压縮行书程, 曲轴继续旋转, 活塞从下止点向上止点 运动, 这时进气门和排气门都关闭, 汽缸内成为封闭容积, 可燃混合气受到压缩, 压力和温 度不断升高,当活塞到达上止点时压缩行程结束; 作功行程,进气门和排气门仍然保持关闭, 当活塞位于压缩行程接近上止点(即点火提前角)位置时,火花塞产生电火花点燃可燃混合气, 可燃混合气燃烧后放出大量的热使汽缸内气体温度和压力急剧升高, 推动活塞从上止点向下 止点运动, 通过连杆使曲轴旋转并输出机械功, 除了用于维持发动机本身继续运转外, 其余 用于对外作功, 随着活塞向下运动, 汽缸内容积增加, 气体压力和温度降低, 当活塞运动到 下止点时, 作功行程结束; 排气行程 当作功接近终了时, 排气门开启, 进气门仍然关闭, 靠 废气的压力先进行自由排气, 活塞到达下止点再向上止点运动时, 继续把废气强制排出到大 气中去, 活塞越过上止点后, 排气门关闭, 排气行程结束。 接着曲轴继续旋转, 活塞从上止 点向下止点运动, 又开始了下一个新的循环过程; 在每一个工作循环中, 活塞在上、 下止点 往复运动了四个行程, 相应地曲轴旋转了两圈。 上述活塞往复式发动机的曲柄连杆机构是内 燃机实现工作循环, 完成能量转换的传动机构, 用来传递力和改变运动方式, 其包括汽缸体、 活塞、 活塞连杆、 曲轴; 以发动机中的一个汽缸为例, 其活塞上仅设置有一根活塞连杆, 活 塞连杆一端通过活塞销轴铰接在上方的活塞上, 活塞连杆的另一端通过曲柄销轴(连杆轴颈) 铰接在下方的曲轴上, 该技术方式虽然能够驱动曲轴正常回转对外作功, 使发动机输出机械 能, 但活塞在上止点时活塞销轴的轴心点与曲柄销轴的轴心点之间的连接线, 与活塞运行到 下止点时活塞销轴的轴心点与曲柄销轴的轴心点之间的连接线处于同一条直线上, 即能形成 最大的夹角仅为 180° , 也就是说活塞从上止点运行到下止点连杆形成的最大运动夹角仅为 180° , 只能使曲轴获取 180° 的旋转动力, 其输出效率还有待于进一步改善与提高。
确认本 说 明 书 发明内容
本发明的任务在于解决现有技术内燃发动机中曲柄连杆机构所存在的上述技术缺陷, 提 供一种一缸双连杆双曲轴内置型内燃机。
其技术解决方案是:
一种一缸双连杆双曲轴内置型内燃机, 包括曲柄连杆机构, 曲柄连杆机构至少设置有一 只汽缸, 每只汽缸内设置有活塞; 每只汽缸内的活塞设置有活塞第一连杆部与活塞第二连杆 部;活塞第一连杆部设置有第一连杆与第一曲轴,第一连杆的一端活动联接在上方的活塞上, 第一连杆的另一端活动联接在下方的第一曲轴上; 活塞第二连杆部设置有第二连杆与第二曲 轴, 第二连杆一端活动联接在上方的活塞上, 第二连杆的另一端活动联接在下方的第二曲轴 上; 活塞第一连杆部与活塞第二连杆部同步动作, 第一曲轴与第二曲轴之间的转向正相反。
上述第一连杆的一端通过活塞第一销轴铰接在活塞上, 第一连杆的另一端通过第一曲柄 销轴铰接在第一曲轴上; 上述第二连杆的一端通过活塞第二销轴铰接在活塞上, 第二连杆的 另一端通过第二曲柄销轴铰接在第二曲轴上。
上述第一曲轴顺时针方向旋转, 第二曲轴逆时针方向旋转, 两者转速相同。
上述活塞第一连杆部与活塞第二连杆部二者的结构与组成相同, 分别位于活塞正下方的 左右两侧, 并成对称设置。
上述活塞第一销轴与活塞第二销轴位于同一轴心线上。
上述活塞在上止点时活塞第一销轴的轴心点与第一曲柄销轴的轴心点之间的连接直线, 与活塞运行到下止点时活塞第一销轴的轴心点与第一曲柄销轴的轴心点之间的连接直线形成 的最大夹角为 225° , 同样第二销轴的轴心点与第二曲柄销轴的轴心点之间的连接直线, 与 活塞运行到下止点时活塞第二销轴的轴心点与第二曲柄销轴的轴心点之间的连接直线形成的 最大夹角也为 225° 。
上述活塞设置有向下伸出一段的活塞杆,第一连杆与第二连杆铰接在活塞杆的下端头上, 下端头成向下凸出的圆弧形。
上述活塞设置有向下伸出一段的活塞杆, 活塞杆的上端通过活塞杆销轴铰接在活塞本体 上, 活塞杆的下端设置有成左右对称布置的左凸起部与右凸起部, 使整个活塞杆看起来近似 倒 T字型结构; 第一连杆铰接在左凸起部上, 第二连杆铰接在右凸起部上。
本发明的有益技术效果是:
本发明中, 一个汽缸中的活塞通过两根连杆分别带动一根曲轴产生旋转运动即同时有两 根曲轴进行机械能输出, 一改现有技术中只有一根曲轴进行机械能输出所带来的不足, 有利 于进一步提高内燃发动机的驱动力。 此外, 活塞从上止点运行到下止点, 连杆形成的最大运 动夹角能达到 225° ,现有技术中连杆形成的最大运动夹角仅为 180° ,本发明中各曲轴能获 得 225° 的旋转动力, 足以将一次喷入汽缸内的燃油燃尽, 节省燃油约 1/4左右, 同时减少 含氮氧化物(ΝΟχ)和二氧化碳(C02)废气的排放, 能够充分提高资源的利用率达到节能减 排的效果。
附图说明
下面结合附图与具体实施方式对本发明作进一步说明:
图 1为本发明中的曲柄连杆机构一种实施方式的结构原理示意图, 示出了单个汽缸活塞 作功行程。
图 2也同为上述实施方式的结构原理示意图, 示出了单个汽缸活塞压缩行程。
图 3为本发明中的曲柄连杆机构另一种实施方式的结构原理示意图。
具体实施方式
结合图 1与图 2 , 现以单缸或多缸活塞往复式发动机为例对本发明进行说明, 活塞往复 式发动机一般由机体、 曲柄连杆机构、 配气机构、 燃油供给系统、 冷却系统、 润滑系统、 点 火系统 (汽油发动机采用)及起动系统等部分组成。 下面重点说明本发明中的创新部分。
上述曲柄连杆机构设置有一只汽缸或两只以上的汽缸(如双缸或四缸等),现以其中的一 只汽缸为例进行说明: 该只汽缸包括汽缸体 1与位于汽缸体内的活塞 2, 活塞 2设置有向下 伸出一段的活塞杆 3, 活塞杆的下端头 301成向下凸出的圆弧形, 活塞 2设置有活塞第一连 杆部与活塞第二连杆部。 活塞第一连杆部设置有第一连杆 4与第一曲轴, 第一连杆 4一端通 过活塞第一销轴 5铰接在上方活塞 2的活塞杆 3的下端头上, 第一连杆 4的另一端通过第一 曲柄销轴 (连杆轴颈) 6铰接在下方的第一曲轴上。 活塞第二连杆部设置有第二连杆 7与第 二曲轴, 第二连杆 7—端通过活塞第二销轴 8铰接在上方的活塞上, 上述活塞第一销轴 5与 活塞第二销轴 8为同一销轴, 第二连杆 7的另一端通过第二曲柄销轴 (连杆轴颈) 9铰接在 下方的第二曲轴上。 上述活塞第一连杆部与活塞第二连杆部二者的结构与组成相同, 分别位 于活塞正下方的左右两侧, 并成对称设置。上述活塞第一连杆部与活塞第二连杆部同步动作, 第一曲轴与第二曲轴之间的转向正相反, 如优选第一曲轴顺时针方向旋转, 第二曲轴逆时针 方向旋转, 两者之间还可优选相同的转速。 上述活塞 2在上止点时活塞第一销轴的轴心点与 第一曲柄销轴的轴心点之间的连接直线 a, 与活塞 2运行到下止点时活塞第一销轴的轴心点 与第一曲柄销轴的轴心点之间的连接直线 b形成的最大夹角 α为 225° , 即活塞从上止点运 行到下止点时第一连杆 4形成的最大运动夹角为 225° 。 同样第二销轴的轴心点与第二曲柄 说 明 书 销轴的轴心点之间的连接直线 c, 与活塞运行到下止点时活塞第二销轴的轴心点与第二曲柄 销轴的轴心点之间的连接直线 d形成的最大夹角 β也为 225° , 即活塞从上止点运行到下止 点时第二连杆 7形成的最大运动夹角也为 225° 。
除上述实施方式外, 本发明中的曲柄连杆机构还可以采取另一种较为优选的方式, 即: 参看图 3, 活塞 2设置有向下伸出一段的活塞杆 3, 活塞杆 3的上端通过活塞杆销轴 10铰接 在活塞本体上, 活塞杆 3的下端设置有成左右对称布置的左凸起部 301与右凸起部 302, 使 整个活塞杆看起来近似倒 Τ字型结构; 第一连杆 4通过活塞第一销轴 5铰接在左凸起部 301 上, 第二连杆 7通过活塞第二销轴 8铰接在右凸起部 302上, 此方式中活塞第一销轴 5与活 塞第二销轴 8为各自独立的销轴。 其他部分可与上述实施方式中对应部分相同。
上述实施方式为本发明的优选实施方式。 在本说明书的指导下, 还有其他显而易见的变 化方式, 诸如: 活塞第一销轴与活塞第二销轴可以不在同一个轴心点上; 第一曲轴逆时针方 向旋转, 第二曲轴顺时针方向旋转, 两者之间转速可以不同; 活塞从上止点运行到下止点连 杆形成的最大运动夹角也可为 190° 、 195° 、 200° 、 215° 或 220° ; 如此等等, 这些均应 在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、一种内燃发动机, 包括曲柄连杆机构, 曲柄连杆机构至少设置有一只汽缸, 每只汽缸内设 置有活塞; 其特征在于: 每只汽缸内的活塞设置有活塞第一连杆部与活塞第二连杆部; 活塞 第一连杆部设置有第一连杆与第一曲轴, 第一连杆的一端活动联接在上方的活塞上, 第一连 杆的另一端活动联接在下方的第一曲轴上; 活塞第二连杆部设置有第二连杆与第二曲轴, 第 二连杆一端活动联接在上方的活塞上, 第二连杆的另一端活动联接在下方的第二曲轴上; 活 塞第一连杆部与活塞第二连杆部同步动作, 第一曲轴与第二曲轴之间的转向正相反。
2、根据权利要求 1所述的内燃发动机, 其特征在于: 所述第一连杆的一端通过活塞第一销轴 铰接在活塞上, 第一连杆的另一端通过第一曲柄销轴铰接在第一曲轴上; 所述第二连杆的一 端通过活塞第二销轴铰接在活塞上,第二连杆的另一端通过第二曲柄销轴铰接在第二曲轴上。
3、根据权利要求 1所述的内燃发动机, 其特征在于: 所述第一曲轴顺时针方向旋转, 第二曲 轴逆时针方向旋转, 两者转速相同。
4、根据权利要求 2或 3所述的内燃发动机, 其特征在于: 所述活塞第一连杆部与活塞第二连 杆部二者的结构与组成相同, 分别位于活塞正下方的左右两侧, 并成对称设置。
5、根据权利要求 2所述的内燃发动机, 其特征在于: 所述活塞第一销轴与活塞第二销轴位于 同一轴心线上。
6、根据权利要求 2或 5所述的内燃发动机, 其特征在于: 所述活塞在上止点时活塞第一销轴 的轴心点与第一曲柄销轴的轴心点之间的连接直线, 与活塞运行到下止点时活塞第一销轴的 轴心点与第一曲柄销轴的轴心点之间的连接直线形成的最大夹角为 225° , 同样第二销轴的 轴心点与第二曲柄销轴的轴心点之间的连接直线, 与活塞运行到下止点时活塞第二销轴的轴 心点与第二曲柄销轴的轴心点之间的连接直线形成的最大夹角也为 225° 。
7、根据权利要求 6所述的内燃发动机,其特征在于:所述活塞设置有向下伸出一段的活塞杆, 第一连杆与第二连杆联接在活塞杆的下端头上, 下端头成向下凸出的圆弧形。
8、根据权利要求 2所述的内燃发动机,其特征在于:所述活塞设置有向下伸出一段的活塞杆, 活塞杆的上端通过活塞杆销轴铰接在活塞本体上, 活塞杆的下端设置有成左右对称布置的左 凸起部与右凸起部, 使整个活塞杆看起来近似倒 T字型结构; 第一连杆通过所述活塞第一销 轴铰接铰接在左凸起部上, 第二连杆通过所述活塞第二销轴铰接在右凸起部上。
9、根据权利要求 8所述的内燃发动机, 其特征在于: 所述第一曲轴顺时针方向旋转, 第二曲 轴逆时针方向旋转, 两者转速相同; 所述活塞第一连杆部与活塞第二连杆部二者的结构与组 成相同, 分别位于活塞正下方的左右两侧, 并成对称设置。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的内燃发动机, 其特征在于: 所述活塞在上止点时活塞第一销轴的 权 利 要 求 书 轴心点与第一曲柄销轴的轴心点之间的连接直线, 与活塞运行到下止点时活塞第一销轴的轴 心点与第一曲柄销轴的轴心点之间的连接直线形成的最大夹角为 225° , 同样第二销轴的轴 心点与第二曲柄销轴的轴心点之间的连接直线, 与活塞运行到下止点时活塞第二销轴的轴心 点与第二曲柄销轴的轴心点之间的连接直线形成的最大夹角也为 225° 。
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