WO2011035745A2 - Transducteur électroacoustique, en particulier transducteur d'émission - Google Patents

Transducteur électroacoustique, en particulier transducteur d'émission Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011035745A2
WO2011035745A2 PCT/DE2009/001333 DE2009001333W WO2011035745A2 WO 2011035745 A2 WO2011035745 A2 WO 2011035745A2 DE 2009001333 W DE2009001333 W DE 2009001333W WO 2011035745 A2 WO2011035745 A2 WO 2011035745A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tube
electroacoustic transducer
end caps
transducer according
electrodes
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2009/001333
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2011035745A3 (fr
Inventor
Rainer Busch
Original Assignee
Atlas Elektronik Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Atlas Elektronik Gmbh filed Critical Atlas Elektronik Gmbh
Priority to DE112009005266T priority Critical patent/DE112009005266A5/de
Priority to EP09740040.2A priority patent/EP2480345B1/fr
Priority to US13/496,099 priority patent/US20120213036A1/en
Priority to KR1020127010140A priority patent/KR20120068935A/ko
Priority to PCT/DE2009/001333 priority patent/WO2011035745A2/fr
Publication of WO2011035745A2 publication Critical patent/WO2011035745A2/fr
Publication of WO2011035745A3 publication Critical patent/WO2011035745A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R17/00—Piezoelectric transducers; Electrostrictive transducers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
    • B06B1/06—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction
    • B06B1/0644—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using a single piezoelectric element
    • B06B1/0655—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using a single piezoelectric element of cylindrical shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
    • B06B1/06—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction

Definitions

  • Electroacoustic transducer in particular transmitting transducer
  • the invention relates to an electroacoustic transducer, in particular a transmitting transducer, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the distance of the two plate-shaped end caps is made by a piezoelectric actuator, which consists of a stack of hollow cylindrical, piezo-ceramic elements with in between arranged electrodes.
  • the two plate-like, annular or polygonal end caps are arranged on the front sides of the stack, and a tie rod passed through the hollow cylindrical piezoceramic elements and the end plates sets the stack under mechanical pressure.
  • the spanned between the end caps, concave curved lamellae are mounted with their ends at the periphery of the end caps with gap spacing in the circumferential direction side by side.
  • the concave curved lamellae are enclosed on the outside on their side facing away from the stack by a rubber sheath, which is attached to the end caps waterproof and the gaps between the lamellae waterproof covers.
  • a rubber sheath which is attached to the end caps waterproof and the gaps between the lamellae waterproof covers.
  • Such an electroacoustic transducer used as a transmitting transducer transmits in a relatively narrow band and can transmit only up to a certain water depth, e.g. 100 m, whereby its transmission behavior, since it is filled with air, is influenced by the depth of the water.
  • the stack of piezoelectric elements, the so-called. Piezo stack, and the tensioning device for this condition in the known electroacoustic transducer a relatively high weight, which makes him for certain types of use in the Underwater sound, eg for installation in towed antennas or towed bodies, makes unattractive.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a suitable in particular for underwater electroacoustic transducer, which is characterized by a low weight and sufficiently inexpensive to manufacture at sufficiently high acoustic power, in particular transmission power.
  • the electroacoustic transducer according to the invention has the advantage that the vibration excitation of the slats not by a heavy-weight stack of piezoelectric elements, which also still needs to be mechanically biased with a stable and heavy tie rods, but is produced by thin and lightweight composite modules that directly to attached to the slats.
  • the attachment of the composite modules to the preferably made of plastic slats is preferably carried out by up or lamination in the slat production, whereby the non-fluid-resistant composite modules are already protected in manufacturing technology simple manner against environmental influences, such as water or oil. Instead of laminating or laminating, it is also possible to consider sticking with a suitable adhesive.
  • the converter is characterized by a wider bandwidth than the well-known Barel Stave converter and is very well suited for use in acoustic underwater towed antennas because of its low weight and its easy-to-fit dimensions.
  • each composite module is aligned on the slats so that the piezoceramic fibers extend in the longitudinal direction of the slats.
  • the electrodes are with a DC voltage thus proves that at the adjacent to a film layer electrodes alternately a high and a low DC potential and at the opposite to the piezoceramic fibers electrodes on the two film layers each have the same potential.
  • an alternating voltage can be applied to the electrodes.
  • the piezoceramic fibers in the composite modules carry out expansions and contractions in the longitudinal direction of the lamellae in the same direction, as a result of which the lamellae, since they are mechanically fixed at the ends, curve more or less strongly and thus transversely to the transducer axis, ie in the radial direction , vibrate and create sound waves in the surrounding medium.
  • the moduli of elasticity of the slats and the number of composite modules present in each slat the acoustic power of the electroacoustic transducer is adjustable.
  • the distance between the end plates is made by means of a tube, on the two end faces of which the end plates are secured radially projecting beyond the tube.
  • the tube is made of a plastic material with inlaid carbon or glass fibers. If the end plates and the lamellae are also advantageously produced from the plastic material, then the entire converter can be manufactured completely cost-effectively from FRP material. Such a converter is robust and has a low weight.
  • each end cap has in its area bounded by the end face of the tube a preferably coaxial with the tube axis passage opening and the tube shell of the tube breakthroughs.
  • the end caps are supported over its circumference in the interior of an oil-filled or gel-filled hose of an underwater towed antenna on its hose wall and the enclosed by the hose wall on the one hand and the lamella covering shell on the other hand enclosed space is hermetically sealed and filled with the same oil or gel ,
  • the pull cable of the underwater towed antenna extending in the hose and the connection lines for the transducers and electronic components present in the hose can advantageously be passed centrally through the interior of the transducers.
  • the tube wall of the end plates supporting tube is occupied with a plurality of spaced apart in the circumferential and axial direction of the tube composite modules, which are fixedly connected to the tube wall, preferably laminated in this.
  • These composite modules are controlled in the same way as the composite modules assigned to the slats.
  • the drive causes the pipe to expand and contract in the longitudinal axis alternately, increasing the compression and stretching of the vanes caused by the composite modules in the vanes, thus increasing the acoustic power radiated by the transducer.
  • the composite modules may be disposed on the inside or outside or inside and outside, then preferably alternately, of the tube wall and are preferably laminated into the tube wall so as to oppose the surrounding medium of the tube, such as oil or gel, are protected.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section of an electro-acoustic transducer used in a hose of an underwater towed antenna, 2 shows a detail of a top view of the electroacoustic transducer in FIG. 1, FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged exploded view of a composite module in the electroacoustic transducer in Fig. 1 and 2,
  • FIG. 4 shows a detail of a longitudinal section of a relative to the transducer shown in Fig. 1 modified electroacoustic transducer.
  • the illustrated in Fig. 1 in longitudinal section and in Fig. 2 fragmentary in plan view of electroacoustic transducer, which is preferably operated as transmitting transducer, has two spaced apart, eg plate-like end caps 11, 12 and spanned between the two end caps 11, 12, here concavely curved, oscillatory blades 13.
  • the two end caps 11, 12 are attached to the end face of a tube 14 so that they project radially beyond the tube 14.
  • the tube 14 consists for example of plastic with inserted carbon or glass fibers.
  • the end caps 11, 12 and the fins 13 are made of the same plastic material, so that the entire converter can be inexpensively made entirely of plastic.
  • the end caps 11, 12 are formed in the embodiment as a circular plate.
  • the end caps 11, 12 may also be designed as polygonal plates whose number of edges corresponds to the number of lamellae 13, wherein the lamella ends in each case on one of the edges extending between the flat surface of the end caps 11, 12 rest and are fixed.
  • the juxtaposed, the tube 14 surrounding lamellae 13 are outside, ie on its side facing away from the tube 14 outside, enclosed by a fluid-tight, elastic shell 16 which covers the gap 15 between the slats 13 liquid-tight.
  • the sheath 16 is attached to the end caps 11, 12 in a fluid-tight manner.
  • each blade 13 For vibrational excitation of the clamped between the end caps 11, 12 slats 13 at least one composite module 7 is fixed to each blade 13.
  • a plurality of composite modules are arranged on each blade 13, wherein the composite modules 17 are arranged spaced apart in the longitudinal direction of the fins 13.
  • the solid connection of the composite modules 17 with the slats 13 takes place, for example, by gluing or laminating the composite modules, the composite modules 17 being arranged on the outside or inside or on the outside and inside of the slats 13.
  • the composite modules 17 are arranged alternately on each lamella 13 on the inside and outside of the lamellae 13 and laminated into the lamella 13, which is carried out during the manufacturing process of the lamellae 13.
  • Fig. 3 is an enlarged exploded view of the structure of a composite module 17 schematically outlined.
  • the composite module 17 has two congruent film layers 18, 19 of electrically insulating material, on whose mutually facing layer surfaces in each case an electrode structure 20 or 21 arranged, for example printed, is.
  • an electrode structure 20 or 21 arranged, for example printed, is.
  • dashed lines For visualization of arranged on the lower layer surface of the top in Fig. 3 film layer 18 electrode structure 20, this is shown by dashed lines.
  • piezoceramic fibers 22 are arranged, which are spaced apart and preferably aligned parallel to each other.
  • the elongate piezoceramic fibers 22 have, for example, a square or rectangular cross section.
  • the gaps between the piezoceramic fibers 22 are filled with an electrically insulating material, for example with a polymer or epoxy, which is not shown in Fig. 3 for clarity, resulting in a coherent composite or composite layer.
  • the two electrode structures 20 are identical.
  • Each electrode structure 20 or 21 has two identically formed comb-like structural parts 23, 24 with a conductor track 25 or 26 extending in the direction of the piezoceramic fibers 22 and electrodes 27, 28 which extend in one piece, finger-like and preferably parallel to one another.
  • the two comb-like structural parts 23, 24 engage each other with their electrodes 27, 28, so that in each case one Electrode 27 of the one structural part 23 and an electrode 28 of the other structural part 24 of the electrical structures 20 and 21 are adjacent and parallel to each other.
  • Electrodes 27, 28 are therefore also referred to as "interdigitated electrods".
  • the two film layers 18, 19 are arranged in mirror image with mutually facing electrode structures 20, 21 on the piezoceramic fibers 22, wherein only the electrodes 27, 28 (and not the interconnects 25, 26) contact the piezoceramic fibers 22 on their opposite longitudinal sides.
  • the two film layers 18, 19 with electrode structures 20, 21 resting on the piezoceramic fibers 22 are firmly connected to one another.
  • Such a composite module 17 is known and described, for example, in EP 1 983 584 A2, where it is referred to as "piezoelectric macro-fiber composite actuator".
  • the composite modules 17 connected to the slats 13 are aligned with the slats 13 in such a way that the piezoceramic fibers 22 run in the longitudinal direction of the slats 13.
  • the two structural parts 23, 24 of each electrode structure 20, 21 applied with a DC voltage so that alternately on a film layer 18 and 19 adjacent electrodes 27, 28 alternately a high and a low DC potential and at the opposite to the piezoceramic fibers 22 opposite electrodes 26 and 27 of the two film layers 18, 19 each have the same DC potential.
  • the DC voltage is an AC voltage superimposed so that the former is not exceeded.
  • the electroacoustic transducer emits sound waves 29 in the radial direction, as shown symbolically in FIG. 1. Due to the small dimensions of the transducer with respect to the wavelengths of the sound waves emitted by it at an operating frequency of, for example, 2 kHz, the transducer has an omnidirectional radiation behavior with broadband sound radiation.
  • the two film layers 18, 19 further, similar film layers with just such electrode structures 20, 21 rest, where In the case of between two film layers, there is always one layer of piezoceramic fibers 22 in the arrangement described.
  • ⁇ For use in underwater towed antennas are then preferably circular end caps 11, 12 in its bounded by the end face of the tube 14 area with a through hole 30, which is preferably introduced as a coaxial bore, and the tube 14 in its tubular jacket 141 with openings 31st , eg in the form of slits or circular or elliptical holes.
  • the electro-acoustic transducer is inserted into a hose 32 of an underwater towed antenna so that the end caps 11, 12 are supported on the hose wall of the hose 32 over their circumference. In Fig. 1, this is shown for an electroacoustic transducer.
  • a plurality of such electroacoustic transducers are arranged one behind the other in the hose in the manner described.
  • a usually centrally in the hose 32 extending, not shown here traction cable of the underwater towed antenna is guided by the hollow, enclosed by the tube 14 interior of the converter, as well as the electrical connection lines for the converter.
  • the tube 32 is filled with oil or gel and closed at the end.
  • the at each transducer between the two end caps 11, 12 extending and bounded by the tube wall of the tube 32 and the fins 13 envelope 6 limited space 33 is hermetically sealed and filled with the same oil or gel as the rest of the tube 32. This is ensures that between the hose 32 consecutively arranged transducers no acoustic short circuit can occur.
  • the slats 13 may also be convexly curved. But then the converter is less suitable for installation in the hose of an underwater towed antenna, but is quite suitable for other purposes. It is also possible to refrain from a curvature of the slats 13 and to execute the slats 13 stretched flat. The effect of the conversion of the stretching movement of the lamellae 7 into a radial bulging movement is thereby reduced, so that the acoustic power of the transducer decreases.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un transducteur électroacoustique, en particulier un transducteur d'émission pour systèmes sonar, qui comprend deux embouts (11, 12) placés à une distance fixe l'un de l'autre, plusieurs lames (13) s'étendant entre les deux embouts (11, 12) et dont les extrémités sont fixées aux embouts (11, 12) côte à côte dans le sens périphérique, ainsi qu'une enveloppe (16) élastique entourant l'extérieur des lames (13). Le but de l'invention est de réduire sensiblement le poids du transducteur et de simplifier sa fabrication. A cet effet, des modules composites (17) sont fixées aux lames (13) à des fins d'excitation vibratoire, chaque module composite (17) comportant des structures d'électrodes placées sur au moins deux couches de film en matériau isolant, lesquelles structures comportent des électrodes espacées les unes des autres, ainsi que des fibres en céramique piézoélectrique espacées les unes des autres, placées entre les couches de film et mises en contact sur des grands côtés des électrodes, tournés radialement à l'opposé.
PCT/DE2009/001333 2009-09-22 2009-09-22 Transducteur électroacoustique, en particulier transducteur d'émission WO2011035745A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE112009005266T DE112009005266A5 (de) 2009-09-22 2009-09-22 Elektroakustischer wandler, insbesondere sendewandler
EP09740040.2A EP2480345B1 (fr) 2009-09-22 2009-09-22 Transducteur électroacoustique, en particulier transducteur d'émission
US13/496,099 US20120213036A1 (en) 2009-09-22 2009-09-22 Electroacoustic Transducer, in Particular Transmitting Transducer
KR1020127010140A KR20120068935A (ko) 2009-09-22 2009-09-22 전기 음향 변환기, 특히 송신 변환기
PCT/DE2009/001333 WO2011035745A2 (fr) 2009-09-22 2009-09-22 Transducteur électroacoustique, en particulier transducteur d'émission

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/DE2009/001333 WO2011035745A2 (fr) 2009-09-22 2009-09-22 Transducteur électroacoustique, en particulier transducteur d'émission

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011035745A2 true WO2011035745A2 (fr) 2011-03-31
WO2011035745A3 WO2011035745A3 (fr) 2011-06-03

Family

ID=43608394

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE2009/001333 WO2011035745A2 (fr) 2009-09-22 2009-09-22 Transducteur électroacoustique, en particulier transducteur d'émission

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20120213036A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2480345B1 (fr)
KR (1) KR20120068935A (fr)
DE (1) DE112009005266A5 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011035745A2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013060543A3 (fr) * 2011-10-28 2013-09-26 Atlas Elektronik Gmbh Convertisseur électroacoustique

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2932224B1 (fr) * 2012-12-12 2019-10-23 Aktiebolaget SKF Coupleur et système de coupleur, transducteur, et composant de construction
GB2526566A (en) 2014-05-28 2015-12-02 Skf Ab Couplant and arrangement of couplant, transducer, and construction component
WO2015200457A1 (fr) * 2014-06-24 2015-12-30 Qi2 Elements, Llc Formation et orientation d'un faisceau d'ondes guidées hélicoïdales dans des structures de type tuyaux et plaques
DE102021208106A1 (de) 2021-07-27 2023-02-02 Atlas Elektronik Gmbh Schleppantenne mit einem Drucksensor

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US4525645A (en) * 1983-10-11 1985-06-25 Southwest Research Institute Cylindrical bender-type vibration transducer
EP0251797A2 (fr) * 1986-07-02 1988-01-07 Nec Corporation Transducteur à ultrasons non directif
US5640371A (en) * 1994-03-22 1997-06-17 Western Atlas International, Inc. Method and apparatus for beam steering and bessel shading of conformal array
US5869189A (en) * 1994-04-19 1999-02-09 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Composites for structural control
US6535459B1 (en) * 2002-04-18 2003-03-18 Her Majesty The Queen In Right Of Canada, As Represented By The Minister Of National Defence In Her Brittanic Majesty's Government Of The United Kingdom Of Great Britain And Northern Ireland Barrel stave projector-stave attachment
EP1467060A1 (fr) * 2003-04-08 2004-10-13 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Dispositif piezoélectrique flexible pour détection, actionnement et contrôle de l'état d'une structure au fond de puits
US20050152219A1 (en) * 2004-01-08 2005-07-14 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Acoustic transducers for tubulars
US20060016055A1 (en) * 1999-10-29 2006-01-26 U.S.A As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Adminstration Piezoelectric composite apparatus and a method for fabricating the same

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US5063542A (en) * 1989-05-17 1991-11-05 Atlantic Richfield Company Piezoelectric transducer with displacement amplifier
US5136556A (en) * 1991-10-28 1992-08-04 The Unites States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Wide bandwidth barrel stave projector
EP1177816B1 (fr) * 2000-08-01 2004-11-03 Head Technology GmbH Raquette pour jeux de balle et méthode de fabrication
ATE337835T1 (de) * 2002-01-14 2006-09-15 Head Technology Gmbh Verbesserter ski, verfahren zum versteifen des skis und verfahren zum herstellen des skis
US7246660B2 (en) * 2003-09-10 2007-07-24 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Borehole discontinuities for enhanced power generation
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4525645A (en) * 1983-10-11 1985-06-25 Southwest Research Institute Cylindrical bender-type vibration transducer
EP0251797A2 (fr) * 1986-07-02 1988-01-07 Nec Corporation Transducteur à ultrasons non directif
US5640371A (en) * 1994-03-22 1997-06-17 Western Atlas International, Inc. Method and apparatus for beam steering and bessel shading of conformal array
US5869189A (en) * 1994-04-19 1999-02-09 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Composites for structural control
US20060016055A1 (en) * 1999-10-29 2006-01-26 U.S.A As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Adminstration Piezoelectric composite apparatus and a method for fabricating the same
US6535459B1 (en) * 2002-04-18 2003-03-18 Her Majesty The Queen In Right Of Canada, As Represented By The Minister Of National Defence In Her Brittanic Majesty's Government Of The United Kingdom Of Great Britain And Northern Ireland Barrel stave projector-stave attachment
EP1467060A1 (fr) * 2003-04-08 2004-10-13 Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. Dispositif piezoélectrique flexible pour détection, actionnement et contrôle de l'état d'une structure au fond de puits
US20050152219A1 (en) * 2004-01-08 2005-07-14 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Acoustic transducers for tubulars

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2013060543A3 (fr) * 2011-10-28 2013-09-26 Atlas Elektronik Gmbh Convertisseur électroacoustique

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2480345A2 (fr) 2012-08-01
US20120213036A1 (en) 2012-08-23
DE112009005266A5 (de) 2012-11-15
EP2480345B1 (fr) 2013-08-28
KR20120068935A (ko) 2012-06-27
WO2011035745A3 (fr) 2011-06-03

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