EP2771133B1 - Convertisseur électroacoustique - Google Patents

Convertisseur électroacoustique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2771133B1
EP2771133B1 EP12772258.5A EP12772258A EP2771133B1 EP 2771133 B1 EP2771133 B1 EP 2771133B1 EP 12772258 A EP12772258 A EP 12772258A EP 2771133 B1 EP2771133 B1 EP 2771133B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ring
ceramic
segments
segment
ring body
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP12772258.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2771133A2 (fr
Inventor
Rainer Busch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Atlas Elektronik GmbH
Original Assignee
Atlas Elektronik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Atlas Elektronik GmbH filed Critical Atlas Elektronik GmbH
Publication of EP2771133A2 publication Critical patent/EP2771133A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2771133B1 publication Critical patent/EP2771133B1/fr
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/44—Special adaptations for subaqueous use, e.g. for hydrophone
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
    • B06B1/06—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction
    • B06B1/0607—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using multiple elements
    • B06B1/0622—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with piezoelectric effect or with electrostriction using multiple elements on one surface
    • B06B1/0633—Cylindrical array
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/004—Mounting transducers, e.g. provided with mechanical moving or orienting device
    • G10K11/006—Transducer mounting in underwater equipment, e.g. sonobuoys
    • G10K11/008—Arrays of transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R17/00—Piezoelectric transducers; Electrostrictive transducers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electroacoustic transducer for underwater operation referred to in the preamble of claim 1 species and an acoustic underwater antenna according to the preamble of claim 6.
  • a known ultrasound transducer for sonar devices which is used for transmitting and receiving sound waves, is known in DE 195 288 81 C1 shown.
  • a ring body made of an aluminum tube a plurality of ceramic plates arranged at equal angular intervals are used.
  • the annular body axial slots, in which the ceramic plates are used in opposite polarization in pairs.
  • Sendewandler is in DE 10 2004 038 034 A1 shown. This has a ceramic ring, which is composed of individual ring segments.
  • Several transmission transducers of such a construction are arranged in a flexible hose to form an electroacoustic transmitting antenna, in particular a towed antenna, with the transmitting transducers resting on the hose casing.
  • an oil-filled or gel-filled hose of an underwater towing antenna is disclosed wherein the oil or gel is intended to prevent an acoustic short between the plurality of transducers present in the transmitter.
  • JP 2001-349757 becomes an elastic body like silicone gel or flowable material like different oils as an acoustic absorber besides one piezoelectric transducer element used to swallow unwanted vibrations.
  • an acoustic transmitter for underwater use has a plurality of cylindrical shell segments on the outside in which a plurality of sounders are fixed inwardly via two curved segments, the latter being screwed to the outer shell segments on both sides of a recess.
  • the invention is after all the problem of providing a better electro-acoustic transducer and a better underwater antenna with a higher efficiency.
  • the invention solves this problem by the features of an electroacoustic transducer according to claim 1 and by an underwater antenna according to claim 6.
  • the electroacoustic transducer according to the invention has a conventional hollow cylindrical shape as an annular transducer and is used in particular as a transmitting transducer for underwater operation.
  • a multiplicity of annular segments which can be positioned next to each other in a ring form an annular body.
  • a ceramic segment is embedded, with the ceramic segment is a piezoceramic.
  • the diameter of the annular body is thus varied by applying an electrical voltage, whereby radial sound waves are radiated all around.
  • the electroacoustic transducer according to the invention has a winding on the outside of the ceramic segments around the annular body.
  • the wrapping is preferably made of glass fiber reinforced plastic and serves to fix the ceramic segments and reduce tensile stresses occurring.
  • the ceramic segments within the ring segments are enclosed by a gel.
  • This gel filling is designed in such a way to embed the ceramic segment in the ring segment.
  • the gel has a better transmission transmission rate than conventionally used for the construction of materials used in the ring transducers.
  • the gel filling has a shape memory effect and preferably consists of a silicone gel or a wax gel. Due to the shape memory effect, the gel filling has self-healing powers and returns to its original shape after mechanical deformation. This has the advantage of a self-healing by the original shape of the gel is obtained in the ring segment after a mechanical force on the antenna or the ring transducer again. On the other hand, such a gel with shape memory effect has the advantage that in case of damage to the ring body no gel passes to the outside. In contrast to other conceivable fluid fillers, such as, for example, oil, the gel adheres to the ceramic segment due to the shape memory effect.
  • fluid fillers such as, for example, oil
  • the annular body is constructed with one annular disc at the top and bottom and with a protective jacket on the inside and outside.
  • the upper and lower annular disc serves as a flange for attachment of the intermediate ceramic segments.
  • the protective jacket is preferably made of an acoustically transparent material, in particular polyurethane or rubber, and advantageously serves as a boundary of the inside and outside of the annular body.
  • an embodiment of the annular body is conceivable in which the entire annular body is encapsulated with such a protective sheath.
  • the ceramic segments are spaced over at least two spacer elements attached to the ring body. Such attachment by means of spacer elements has the advantage of fixing the ceramic segments within the ring segment.
  • the annular body has one or more positive-locking connections at the top and / or bottom. These form-fit connections have the advantage of firmly anchoring the gel filling within the ring segment to the ring body.
  • annular body on a symmetrical arrangement of the ring segments, wherein the ring segments are constructed identical to each other.
  • an underwater acoustic antenna in particular a towed antenna, has a flexible, sound-transparent tube in which at least two electroacoustic transducers described above are arranged. Preferably, these transducers are spaced apart within the tube. An expansion and contraction of the ring body due to an applied AC voltage is transferred to the tubular casing and converted into water sound energy.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic plan view of an inventive electro-acoustic transducer, also called ring transducer. Shown is a ring body 10, which is divided into a plurality of ring segments 12, here only partially shown. Preferably, all ring segments 12 are identical.
  • Fig. 2 shows in a cross section along the section line II-II Fig. 1
  • the structure of a ring segment 12 is substantially centrally located a ceramic segment 20. It is in the ceramic segment 20 is preferably a piezoceramic, which has the property to polarize under the influence of mechanical deformation and vice versa under the Influence of an electric field to deform.
  • a wrapping 22 around the annular body 10, which is externally applied to the ceramic segments 20, ensures a fixation of the ceramic segments 20 and for a reduction of the tensile stresses on a harmless for the ceramic measure.
  • the wrapping 22 is formed of glass fiber reinforced plastic (GRP).
  • the annular body 10 shown in this embodiment of the invention has at the top and bottom of an annular disc 24, also called flange, on which the ceramic segments 20 are attached.
  • the ring body 10 shown here has a protective jacket 28 on the inside and outside of the ring body 10 in order to limit this.
  • the protective jacket 28 is formed of an acoustically transparent material, in particular polyurethane or rubber.
  • the invention is not limited to a protective jacket 28 on the inside and outside.
  • the entire annular body 10 may be enclosed by the protective jacket 28.
  • the ceramic segments 20 are embedded in a gel filling 30.
  • This gel filling 30 preferably has properties for self-healing.
  • the design of the gel filling 30 with a shape memory effect ensures that the gel filling 30 returns to its original shape after a mechanical deformation.
  • Another advantage of the shape memory effect of the gel filling 30 in contrast to a conceivable oil filling is that such a configured gel filling 30 does not penetrate in the event of damage to the transducer or the annular body 10 to the outside. In this way, a watercraft carrying an electroacoustic transducer according to the invention can not be detected by leaking gel, as would be the case, for example, with escaping oil.
  • the annular body 10 has at least one form-locking connection 32 on the upper and / or lower flange 24.
  • Such an above-described electroacoustic transducer in particular ring transducer, has the advantage of having a better transmission transmission rate over a conventional transducer according to the prior art. Due to the better transmission transmission dimensions when using gel filling, a substantial portion of the internal losses is eliminated. As a result, a large proportion of the transmission voltage and the electrical power thus required is reduced, although the same acoustic power is delivered into the water, as in a conventional ring converter without gel filling. The efficiency of the underwater antenna is advantageously improved by the use of the above-described electroacoustic transducers with a gel filling having a shape memory effect.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Transducteur électroacoustique, notamment transducteur d'émission, destiné au fonctionnement sous-marin, comprenant un corps annulaire (10) en forme de cylindre creux ayant une pluralité de segments d'anneau (12) pouvant être positionnés les uns à côté des autres en forme d'anneau, avec une configuration des segments d'anneau (12) de telle sorte que chaque segment d'anneau (12) accueille un segment en céramique (20), le segment en céramique étant un piézocéramique, et comprenant un enroulement (22) qui peut être appliqué à l'extérieur sur le segment en céramique (20), notamment en matière plastique renforcée de fibres de verre, lequel est configuré pour immobiliser les segments en céramique (20), et une charge de gel (30) qui entoure le segment en céramique (20), lequel est configuré pour enrober le segment en céramique (20) dans chaque segment d'anneau (12),
    caractérisé par
    une configuration de la charge de gel (30) avec un effet de mémoire de forme, moyennant quoi la charge de gel (30) revient dans sa forme originelle après une déformation mécanique.
  2. Transducteur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par une configuration du corps annulaire (10) respectivement avec un disque annulaire (24) en haut et en bas du corps annulaire (10) servant à la fixation des segments en céramique (20) et comprenant une enveloppe de protection (28), notamment une membrane en caoutchouc, sur le côté intérieur et le côté extérieur du corps annulaire (10) en vue de délimiter celui-ci.
  3. Transducteur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par au moins deux éléments d'espacement (26) qui sont configurés pour fixer le segment en céramique (20) au corps annulaire (10) avec un écart.
  4. Transducteur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par une ou plusieurs liaisons par complémentarité de formes (32) servant à l'ancrage de la charge de gel (30) au corps annulaire (10).
  5. Transducteur selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par une structure symétrique des segments d'anneau (12), les segments d'anneau (12) possédant une structure identique.
  6. Antenne sous-marine acoustique, notamment antenne remorquée, comprenant un tuyau flexible acoustiquement transparent et comprenant au moins deux transducteurs électroacoustiques selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5,
    caractérisée par
    un arrangement des transducteurs électroacoustiques disposés espacés en ligne à l'intérieur du tuyau.
EP12772258.5A 2011-10-28 2012-09-25 Convertisseur électroacoustique Active EP2771133B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011117229 2011-10-28
DE102011121006.0A DE102011121006B4 (de) 2011-10-28 2011-12-13 Elektroakustischer Wandler
PCT/EP2012/068888 WO2013060543A2 (fr) 2011-10-28 2012-09-25 Convertisseur électroacoustique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2771133A2 EP2771133A2 (fr) 2014-09-03
EP2771133B1 true EP2771133B1 (fr) 2019-12-04

Family

ID=47018152

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12772258.5A Active EP2771133B1 (fr) 2011-10-28 2012-09-25 Convertisseur électroacoustique

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2771133B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102011121006B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013060543A2 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011121006B4 (de) 2011-10-28 2015-08-13 Atlas Elektronik Gmbh Elektroakustischer Wandler
WO2018229735A1 (fr) * 2017-06-16 2018-12-20 Universidade Do Minho Transducteur d'émetteur ultrasonore à faisceau étendu et large bande haute fréquence pour communications sous-marines
CN113843133A (zh) * 2021-09-03 2021-12-28 中航航空电子有限公司 一种圆柱形大功率超声波破碎换能器

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3716828A (en) * 1970-02-02 1973-02-13 Dynamics Corp Massa Div Electroacoustic transducer with improved shock resistance
CA1294360C (fr) * 1988-03-11 1992-01-14 Garfield W. Mcmahon Transducteur sous-marin
DE19528881C1 (de) 1995-08-05 1996-06-27 Stn Atlas Elektronik Gmbh Elektroakustischer Wandler
DE19743096C1 (de) * 1997-09-26 1999-01-28 Stn Atlas Elektronik Gmbh Sendeantenne für eine Sonaranlage
JP2001349757A (ja) * 2000-06-12 2001-12-21 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 超音波振動子とこれを用いた超音波流量計
US7483339B2 (en) * 2003-12-12 2009-01-27 Bae Systems Information And Electronic Systems Integration Inc. Acoustic projector and method of manufacture
DE102004038034A1 (de) 2004-08-05 2006-02-23 Atlas Elektronik Gmbh Elektroakustische Sendeantenne
WO2011035745A2 (fr) * 2009-09-22 2011-03-31 Atlas Elektronik Gmbh Transducteur électroacoustique, en particulier transducteur d'émission
DE102011121006B4 (de) 2011-10-28 2015-08-13 Atlas Elektronik Gmbh Elektroakustischer Wandler

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2013060543A3 (fr) 2013-09-26
DE102011121006A1 (de) 2013-05-02
WO2013060543A2 (fr) 2013-05-02
EP2771133A2 (fr) 2014-09-03
DE102011121006B4 (de) 2015-08-13
WO2013060543A8 (fr) 2015-04-23

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