WO2011028927A1 - Antagonistes sélectifs des récepteurs de sphingosine-1-phosphate - Google Patents

Antagonistes sélectifs des récepteurs de sphingosine-1-phosphate Download PDF

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WO2011028927A1
WO2011028927A1 PCT/US2010/047713 US2010047713W WO2011028927A1 WO 2011028927 A1 WO2011028927 A1 WO 2011028927A1 US 2010047713 W US2010047713 W US 2010047713W WO 2011028927 A1 WO2011028927 A1 WO 2011028927A1
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compound
phenyl
alkyi
aryl
pain
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PCT/US2010/047713
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Michael E. Garst
Ken Chow
Todd M. Heidelbaugh
Phong Nguyen
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Allergan, Inc.
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D213/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D213/78—Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms, with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
    • C07D213/81—Amides; Imides
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P23/00—Anaesthetics
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C233/00—Carboxylic acid amides
    • C07C233/64—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C07C233/77—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by amino groups
    • C07C233/78—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by amino groups with the substituted hydrocarbon radical bound to the nitrogen atom of the carboxamide group by an acyclic carbon atom
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D307/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D307/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
    • C07D307/34—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D307/56—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D307/68—Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
    • C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
    • C07D401/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D405/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D405/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings
    • C07D405/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D413/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D413/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
    • C07D413/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C2601/00—Systems containing only non-condensed rings
    • C07C2601/12—Systems containing only non-condensed rings with a six-membered ring
    • C07C2601/14—The ring being saturated

Definitions

  • Described herein are compounds useful as antagonists of sphingosine-1 - phosphate receptors. Use of these compounds and pharmaceutical compositions including these compounds in treating disorders associated with sphingosine-1 - phosphate 3 (S1 P3) receptor modulations are described.
  • a sphingolipid is a lipid having important roles within a living body.
  • Various sphingolipids, having sphingosine as a constituent, are widely distributed within a living body, including within the nervous system on the surface cell membranes.
  • Sphingosine is a compound having the chemical structure
  • Sphingolipids present on cell membranes function to regulate cell growth; participate in the development and differentiation of cells; function in nerves; are involved in the infection and malignancy of cells; and the like.
  • Sphingosine-1 -phosphate is an important cellular metabolite, derived from ceramide that is synthesized de novo or as part of the sphingomyeline cycle (in animal cells). Sphingosine-1 -phosphate has also been found in insects, yeasts and plants.
  • ceramidase acts upon ceramides to release sphingosine, which is phosphorylated by sphingosine kinase, a ubiquitous enzyme in the cytosol and endoplasmic reticulum, to form sphingosine-1 -phosphate.
  • the reverse reaction can also occur by the action of sphingosine phosphatases, and the enzymes act in concert to control the cellular concentrations of sphingosine-1 -phosphate.
  • sphingosine-1 -phosphate concentrations can reach 0.2 to 0.9 ⁇ , and is found in association with the lipoproteins, especially high density lipoproteins (HDL).
  • HDL high density lipoproteins
  • sphingosine-1 -phosphate is a potent messenger molecule that perhaps uniquely operates both intra- and inter-cellularly, but with very different functions from ceramides and sphingosine. The balance between these various sphingolipid metabolites may be important for health. For example, within the cell, sphingosine-1 -phosphate promotes cellular division (mitosis) as opposed to cell death (apoptosis), which it inhibits. Intracellular ⁇ , sphingosine-1 -phosphate also functions to regulate calcium mobilization and cell growth in response to a variety of extracellular stimuli.
  • sphingosine-1 - phosphate the balance between sphingosine-1 - phosphate and ceramide and/or sphingosine levels in cells is critical for their viability.
  • lysophospholipids especially lysophosphatidic acid, with which it has some structural similarities
  • sphingosine-1 -phosphate exerts many of its extracellular effects through interaction with five specific G protein-coupled receptors on cell surfaces. These are important for the growth of new blood vessels, vascular maturation, cardiac development, cardiac immunity, and for directed cell movement.
  • Sphingosine-1 phosphate is stored in relatively high concentrations in human platelets, which lack the enzymes responsible for its catabolism. Sphingosine- 1 phosphate is released into the blood stream upon activation of physiological stimuli, such as growth factors, cytokines, and receptor agonists and antigens. It might also play a critical role in platelet aggregation and thrombosis, and could aggravate cardiovascular disease. Alternatively, the relatively high concentration of the sphingosine-1 phosphate in HDL may have beneficial implications for atherogenesis.
  • sphingosine-1 -phosphate together with other lysolipids such as sphingosylphosphorylcholine and lysosulfatide, are responsible for beneficial clinical effects of HDL by stimulating the production of the potent antiatherogenic signaling molecule nitric oxide by the vascular endothelium.
  • sphingosine-1 phosphate is a marker for certain types of cancer, and there is evidence that sphingosine-1 phosphate's role in cell division and proliferation may have an influence on the development of cancers.
  • fungi and plants have sphingolipids and the major sphingosine contained in these organisms has the formula
  • sphingolipids and their related compounds exhibit a variety of biological activities through inhibition or stimulation of metabolic pathways. These compounds include inhibitors of protein kinase C, inducers of apoptosis, immunosuppressive compounds, antifungal compounds, and the like. Substances having these biological activities can be useful compounds for treating various diseases.
  • S1 P sphingosine-1 - phosphate
  • S1 P sphingosine-1 - phosphate
  • the compounds described herein can be, in one example embodiment, substituted picolinamines and substituted benzamides.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable salts, hydrates, solvates, crystal forms and individual isomers, enantiomers, and diastereomers thereof of the compounds described herein can be utilized.
  • R 1 and R 2 are each independently selected from H and Ci-C 4 alkyl
  • C is a phenyl, aryl or heteroaryl having the structure
  • R 3 and R 8 are each independently selected from H, d-C ⁇ straight or branched chain alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynl, alkoxy (such as 0(Ci-C 6 )), -OH, halogen, - NR 4 2, -CN, -CO2R 4 , -C(0)NR 4 R 5 , -CH 2 OH, -CF 3 , -OCHF 2 , -OCF3, -N0 2 , alkylamino, or alkylcarboxyl;
  • m is 0-5;
  • n 0-5;
  • R 4 and R 5 are each independently selected from H, C1-C6, branched or unbranched alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynl, C3-C6 saturated or unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbon, aryl, heteroaryl, haloalkyi, hydroxyl, alkoxyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkylcarbonyl, formyl, oxycarbonyl, carboxyl, alkyi carboxylate, alkylamide, alkylamino aminocarbonyl, or amino;
  • A is CR 6 3, CXR 6 2, CX 2 R 6 , CX 3 , COQ 1 , SOQ 1 , S0 2 Q 1 , CSQ 1 , phenyl, substituted phenyl, heterocylic, heteroaromatic, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl sulfonyl, sulfone, sulfonamide, sulfoxide, ester, or thiocarbonyl;
  • X is a halogen
  • R 6 is H, C-I-C6 straight or branched chain alkyi, alkenyl, or alkynyl, haloalkyi, perfluorinated alkyi, partially fluorinated alkyi, perhalogenated alkyi, partially halogenated alkyi, phenyl, substituted phenyl, heteroaryl, cyano, ketyl, and the like;
  • Q 1 is an aryl or heteroaryl variably substituted with (R 3 ) n , a phenyl, heteroaromatic or cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, or partially saturated or saturated heterocyclic ring a bicyclic compound, NR 4 R 5 , or amide;
  • R 7 is H, C-I-C 6 branched or unbranched alkyi, alkenyl, or alkynl, haloalkyi, aryl, heteroaryl, perfluorinated alkyi and partially fluorinated alkyi, phenyl, cyano, ketyl, CF 3 , substituted aryl or heteroaryl or spirocyclic compounds; and
  • B is phenyl, aryl, heteroaromatic or cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, or partially saturated or saturated heterocyclic ring, or a bicyclic compound, with the proviso that when A is CX 3 , B is not phenyl.
  • R 1 and R 2 are H; C is aryl or heteroaryl having the structure
  • p is 1 , and Z 1 -Z 6 are each independently selected from C, N, O and S; R 3 and R 8 are halogen; m is 0-2; n is 0-2; A is COQ 1 , SOQ 1 , S0 2 Q 1 , CSQ 1 , amide, sulfonyl, sulfone, sulfonamide, sulfoxide, ester, or thiocarbonyl; Q 1 is an aryl or heteroaryl variably substituted with (R 3 ) n , a phenyl, heteroaromatic or cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, or partially saturated or saturated heterocyclic ring a bicyclic compound, NR 4 R 5 ; R 7 is H; and B is phenyl, heteroaromatic or cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, or partially saturated or saturated heterocyclic ring, or a bicyclic compound.
  • C is pyridyl; A is COQ 1 ; Q 1 is an aryl or heteroaryl variably substituted with (R 3 ) n ; and B is phenyl.
  • the compound has a structure selected from:
  • p is 0 or 1 , and Z 1 -Z 6 are each independently selected from C, N, O and S; R 3 and R 8 are halogen; m is 0-2; n is 0-2; A is CR 6 3 , CXR 6 2 , CX 2 R 6 , CX 3 ; X is a halogen; R 6 is H, C-I-C6 straight or branched chain alkyi, alkenyl, or alkynl, haloalkyl, perfluorinated alkyi, partially fluorinated alkyi, phenyl, substituted phenyl, heteroaryl, cyano, ketyl, and the like; R 7 is H; and B is phenyl, aryl, heteroaromatic or cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, or partially saturated or saturated heterocyclic ring, or a bicyclic compound, with the proviso that when A is CX3, B is not phenyl.
  • R 3 is bromine and R 8 is halogen or methyl.
  • the compound has a structure selected from:
  • R 1 and R 2 are each independently selected from H and Ci-C 4 alkyl
  • C is a phenyl, aryl or heteroaryl having the structure
  • Z 1 -Z 6 are each independently selected from C, N, O or S;
  • R 3 and R 8 are each independently selected from H, C1-C6 straight or branched chain alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynl, alkoxy (such as 0(Ci-C 6 )), -OH, halogen, - NR 4 2, -CN, -CO2R 4 , -C(0)NR 4 R 5 , -CH 2 OH, -CF 3 , -OCHF 2 , -OCF3, -N0 2 , alkylamino, or alkylcarboxyl;
  • m is 0-5;
  • R 4 and R 5 are each independently selected from H, C1-C6, branched or unbranched alkyi, alkenyl, or alkynl, C3-C6 saturated or unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbon, aryl, heteroaryl, haloalkyi, hydroxyl, alkoxyl, hydroxyalkyi, alkylcarbonyl, formyl, oxycarbonyl, carboxyl, alkyi carboxylate, alkylamide, alkylamino aminocarbonyl, or amino;
  • A is phenyl, substituted phenyl, heterocylic, heteroaromatic, cycloalkyl, or cycloalkenyl;
  • R 7 is H, C-1-C6 branched or unbranched alkyi, alkenyl, or alkynl, haloalkyi, aryl, heteroaryl, perfluorinated alkyi and partially fluorinated alkyi, phenyl, cyano, ketyl, CF 3 , substituted aryl or heteroaryl; and
  • B is phenyl, aryl, heteroaromatic or cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, or partially saturated or saturated heterocyclic ring, or a bicyclic compound.
  • the compound has a structure selected from
  • compositions comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable amount of a compound as described herein.
  • alkyl refers to straight, branched chain or cyclic hydrocarbyl groups having from 1 to about 100 carbon atoms. Whenever it appears herein, a numerical range, such as “1 to 100" or “d-C-ioo”, refers to each integer in the given range; e.g. , "d-doo alkyl” means that an alkyl group may comprise only 1 carbon atom, 2 carbon atoms, 3 carbon atoms, etc.
  • substituted alkyl refers to alkyl moieties bearing substituents typically selected from alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, heterocyclic, aryl, heteroaryl, aryloxy, halogen, haloalkyl, cyano, nitro, amino, lower alkylamino, lower dialkylamino, amido, azido, acyl (-C(O)R 9 ), alkoxymethyl, mercapto (-S-R 9 ), sulfoxy (-S(O)-R 9 ), sulfonyl (-S(0) 2 -R 9 ), sulfonamide (-S(0) 2 N(R 9 ) 2 ), carbonate (-OC(O)-O-R 9 ), oxyacyl (-OC(O)
  • alkenyl refers to straight, branched chain or cyclic hydrocarbyl groups having at least one carbon-carbon double bond, and having in the range of about 2 up to about 100 carbon atoms
  • substituted alkenyl refers to alkenyl groups further bearing one or more substituents as set forth above.
  • lower alkenyl refers to alkenyl moieties having from 1 to about 6 carbon atoms.
  • alkylacyl refers to an alkyl ketone such as ethanone, propanone, and the like.
  • alkynyl refers to straight or branched chain hydrocarbyl groups having at least one carbon-carbon triple bond, and having in the range of about 2 up to about 100 carbon atoms
  • substituted alkynyl refers to alkynyl groups further bearing one or more substituents as set forth above.
  • lower alkynyl refers to alkynyl moieties having from 2 to about 6 carbon atoms.
  • aryl refers to aromatic groups having in the range of 6 up to 14 carbon atoms and "substituted aryl” refers to aryl groups further bearing one or more substituents as set forth above.
  • cycloalkyl refers to cyclic (i.e., ring-containing) alkyl moieties typically containing in the range of about 3 up to about 8 carbon atoms, and “substituted cycloalkyl” refers to cycloalkyl groups further bearing one or more substituents as set forth above.
  • halogen or halide refers to fluoride, chloride, bromide or iodide.
  • fluoro chloro, bromo, and iodo
  • fluoro chloro, bromo, and iodo
  • heteroaryl refers to aromatic moieties containing one or more heteroatoms (e.g., N, O, S, or the like) as part of the ring structure and having in the range of 5 up to 14 total atoms in the ring structure (i.e., carbon atoms and heteroatoms).
  • heteroatoms e.g., N, O, S, or the like
  • Substituted heteroaryl refers to heteroaryl groups further bearing one or more substituents as set forth above.
  • heterocyclic or “heterocycle” refers to non-aromatic cyclic (i.e., ring-containing) groups containing one or more heteroatoms (e.g., N, O, S, or the like) as part of the ring structure, and having in the range of 3 up to 14 carbon atoms and "substituted heterocyclic” or “substituted heterocycle” refers to heterocyclic groups or heterocycles further bearing one or more substituents as set forth above.
  • heteroatoms e.g., N, O, S, or the like
  • hydroxyalkyl refers to alkyl-OH, such as hydroxym ethyl, hydroxyethyl, and the like.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable salt refers to any salt that retains the activity of the parent compound and does not impart any additional deleterious or untoward effects on the subject to which it is administered and in the context in which it is administered compared to the parent compound.
  • a pharmaceutically acceptable salt also refers to any salt which may form in vivo as a result of administration of an acid, another salt, or a prodrug which is converted into an acid or salt.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable salt refers to those salts which retain the biological effectiveness and properties of the free bases and which are obtained by reaction with inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, salicylic acid and the like.
  • inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, methanesulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, salicylic acid and the like.
  • Pharmaceutically acceptable salts of acidic functional groups may be derived from organic or inorganic bases.
  • the salt may comprise a mono or polyvalent ion.
  • the inorganic ions lithium, sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium.
  • Organic salts may be made with amines, particularly ammonium salts such as mono-, di- and trialkyl amines or ethanol amines. Salts may also be formed with caffeine, tromethamine and similar molecules.
  • Hydrochloric acid or some other pharmaceutically acceptable acid may form a salt with a compound that includes a basic group, such as an amine or a pyridine ring.
  • prodrug refers to a compound which is converted to a therapeutically active compound after administration, and the term should be interpreted as broadly herein as is generally understood in the art. While not intending to limit the scope of the present description, conversion may occur by hydrolysis of an ester group or some other biologically labile group. Generally, but not necessarily, a prodrug is inactive or less active than the therapeutically active compound to which it is converted. Ester prodrugs of the compounds disclosed herein are contemplated. An ester may be derived from a carboxylic acid of Ci (i.e.
  • an ester may be derived from a carboxylic acid functional group on another part of the molecule, such as on a phenyl ring. While not intending to be limiting, an ester may be an alkyl ester, an aryl ester, or a heteroaryl ester.
  • tautomer refers to the migration of protons between adjacent single and double bonds. The tautomerization process is reversible. Compounds described herein can undergo any possible tautomerization that is within the physical characteristics of the compound. The following is an example tautomerization that can occur in compounds described herein:
  • the term "therapeutically effective amount” means the amount of the pharmaceutical composition that will elicit the biological or medical response of a subject in need thereof that is being sought by the researcher, veterinarian, medical doctor or other clinician.
  • the subject in need thereof is a mammal. In some embodiments, the mammal is human.
  • S1 P sphingosine-1 - phosphate
  • S1 P3 antagonists Described herein are compounds that are useful as sphingosine-1 - phosphate (S1 P) antagonists, and therefore, are useful in treating a wide variety of disorders associated with modulation of S1 P receptors or are useful for the treatment of humans with diseases and conditions that are alleviated by S1 P modulation, and in particular use as S1 P3 antagonists.
  • the compounds described herein can be, in one example embodiment, substituted picolinamines and substituted benzamides.
  • R 1 and R 2 are each independently selected from H, Ci-C 4 alkyl
  • C is a phenyl, aryl or heteroaryl having the structure
  • a dshed line represents the presence or bsence of a bond and wherein p is 0- 1 , and Z 1 -Z 6 are each independently selected from C, N, O or S;
  • R 3 and R 8 are each independently selected from H, d-C ⁇ straight or branched chain alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynl, alkoxy (such as 0(Ci-C 6 )), -OH, halogen, - NR 4 2, -CN, -CO2R 4 , -C(0)NR 4 R 5 , -CH 2 OH, -CF 3 , -OCHF 2 , -OCF3, -N0 2 , alkylamino, or alkylcarboxyl;
  • m is 0-5;
  • n 0-5;
  • R 4 and R 5 are each independently selected from H, C1-C6, branched or unbranched alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynl, C3-C6 saturated or unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbon, aryl, heteroaryl, haloalkyl, hydroxyl, alkoxyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkylcarbonyl, formyl, oxycarbonyl, carboxyl, alkyl carboxylate, alkylamide, alkylamino aminocarbonyl, or amino; [0063] A is CR 6 3, CXR 6 2 , CX 2 R 6 , CX 3 , COQ 1 , SOQ 1 , S0 2 Q 1 , CSQ 1 , amide, sulfonyl, sulfone, sulfonamide, sulfoxide, ester, thiocarbonyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, heterocylic, heteroaromatic, cycloalkyl
  • X is a halogen
  • R 6 is H, C-I-C6 straight or branched chain alkyi, alkenyl, or alkynl, haloalkyi, perfluorinated alkyi, partially fluorinated alkyi, perhalogenated alkyi, phenyl, substituted phenyl, heteroaryl, cyano, ketyl, or the like;
  • Q 1 is an aryl or heteroaryl variably substituted with (R 3 ) n , a phenyl, heteroaromatic or cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, or partially saturated or saturated heterocyclic ring a bicyclic compound, NR 4 R 5 ;
  • R 7 is H, C-I-C6 branched or unbranched alkyi, alkenyl, or alkynl, haloalkyi, aryl, herteoaryl, perfluorinated alkyi and partially fluorinated alkyi, phenyl, cyano, ketyl, CF 3 , substituted aryl or heteroaryl or spirocyclic compounds; and
  • B is a variably substituted phenyl, heteroaromatic or cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, or partially saturated or saturated heterocyclic ring, or a bicyclic compound.
  • B is not phenyl
  • Another example embodiment includes the following structure
  • Some example compounds include:
  • the compounds and pharmaceutical compositions described herein are useful as medicaments in mammals, including humans, for treatment of diseases and or alleviations of conditions which are responsive to treatment by antagonists of sphingosine-1 -phosphate receptors.
  • methods for treating a disorder associated with modulation of sphingosine-1 -phosphate receptors can be performed, for example, by administering to a subject in need thereof a pharmaceutical composition containing a therapeutically effective amount of at least one invention compound.
  • the compounds described herein are useful for the treatment of mammals, including humans, with a range of conditions and diseases that are alleviated by S1 P modulation.
  • These conditions and diseases include but are not limited to treating glaucoma, elevated intraocular pressure, ischemic neuropathies, optic neuropathy, pain, visceral pain, corneal pain, headache pain, migraine, cancer pain, back pain, irritable bowel syndrome pain, muscle pain and pain associated with diabetic neuropathy, the treatment of diabetic retinopathy, other retinal degenerative conditions, dry eye, angiogenesis and wounds.
  • Other conditions and diseases include those in the ocular field including retinopathy of prematurity, diabetic retinopathy, optic neuropathy, glaucomatous retinopathy, macular degeneration, choroidal neovascularization, ocular wound healing, retinal edema.
  • Conditions and diseases in the cardiovascular field including congestive heart failure, cardiac arrhythmia, atherosclerosis, bradycardia can also be treated.
  • conditions and diseases in the pulmonary field including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, acute lung injury, acute respiratory distress syndrome, idopathic pulmonary fibrosis, ventilation-induced lung injury can also be treated.
  • applications in the field of dermatology including wound healing without scarring, scar-less skin-wound and cosmetic healing can be achieved.
  • fibrosis can be treated using compounds described herein.
  • Types of fibrosis include, but are not limited to, cystic fibrosis of the pancreas and lungs, injection fibrosis, which can occur as a complication of intramuscular injections, especially in children, endomyocardial fibrosis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis of the lungs, mediastinal fibrosis, myelofibrosis, retroperitoneal fibrosis, progressive massive fibrosis, a complication of coal workers' pneumoconiosis, and nephrogenic systemic fibrosis.
  • the compounds described herein may be administered at pharmaceutically effective dosages. Such dosages are normally the minimum dose necessary to achieve the desired therapeutic effect; in the treatment of chromic pain, this amount would be roughly that necessary to reduce the discomfort caused by the pain to tolerable levels. Generally, such doses will be in the range 1 -1000 mg/day; more preferably in the range 10 to 500 mg/day. In another example embodiment, the compound or compounds may be present in a composition in a range of about 0.5 or about 1 to about 100 mg/kg/day.
  • the actual amount of the compound to be administered in any given case will be determined by a physician taking into account the relevant circumstances, such as the severity of the pain, the age and weight of the patient, the patient's general physical condition, the cause of the pain, and the route of administration.
  • the compounds are useful in the treatment of pain in a mammal; particularly a human being. Both acute pain and chronic pain may be treated by administration of the compounds and compositions described herein.
  • acute pain is meant immediate, usually high threshold, pain brought about by injury such as a cut, crush, burn, or by chemical stimulation such as that experienced upon exposure to capsaicin, the active ingredient in chili peppers.
  • chronic pain is meant pain other than acute pain, such as, without limitation, neuropathic pain, visceral pain (including that brought about by Crohn's disease and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)), and referred pain.
  • the patient will be administered a compound orally in any acceptable form, such as a tablet, liquid, capsule, powder and the like.
  • routes may be desirable or necessary, particularly if the patient suffers from nausea.
  • Such other routes may include, without exception, transdermal, parenteral, subcutaneous, intranasal, intrathecal, intramuscular, intravenous, and intrarectal modes of delivery.
  • formulations may be designed to delay release of the active compound over a given period of time, or to carefully control the amount of drug released at a given time during the course of therapy.
  • pharmaceutical compositions including at least one compound in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable means the carrier, dilutent or excipient must be compatible with the other ingredients of the formulation and not deleterious to the recipient thereof.
  • compositions can be used in the form of a solid, a solution, an emulsion, a dispersion, a micelle, a liposome, and the like, wherein the resulting composition contains one or more compounds described herein, as an active ingredient, in admixture with an organic or inorganic carrier or excipient suitable for enteral or parenteral applications.
  • One or more compounds may be combined, for example, with the usual non-toxic, pharmaceutically acceptable carriers for tablets, pellets, capsules, suppositories, solutions, emulsions, suspensions, and any other form suitable for use.
  • the carriers which can be used include glucose, lactose, gum acacia, gelatin, mannitol, starch paste, magnesium trisilicate, talc, corn starch, keratin, colloidal silica, potato starch, urea, medium chain length triglycerides, dextrans, and other carriers suitable for use in manufacturing preparations, in solid, semisolid, or liquid form.
  • auxiliary, stabilizing, thickening and coloring agents and perfumes may be used.
  • Compounds described herein are included in pharmaceutical compositions in an amount sufficient to produce the desired effect upon the process or disease condition.
  • compositions may be in a form suitable for oral use, for example, as tablets, troches, lozenges, aqueous or oily suspensions, dispersible powders or granules, emulsions, hard or soft capsules, or syrups or elixirs.
  • Compositions intended for oral use may be prepared according to any method known to the art for the manufacture of pharmaceutical compositions and such compositions may contain one or more agents selected from the group consisting of a sweetening agent such as sucrose, lactose, or saccharin, flavoring agents such as peppermint, oil of wintergreen or cherry, coloring agents and preserving agents in order to provide pharmaceutically elegant and palatable preparations.
  • Tablets containing compounds described herein in admixture with non-toxic pharmaceutically acceptable excipients may also be manufactured by known methods.
  • the excipients used may be, for example, (1 ) inert diluents such as calcium carbonate, lactose, calcium phosphate or sodium phosphate; (2) granulating and disintegrating agents such as corn starch, potato starch or alginic acid; (3) binding agents such as gum tragacanth, corn starch, gelatin or acacia, and (4) lubricating agents such as magnesium stearate, stearic acid or talc.
  • the tablets may be uncoated or they may be coated by known techniques to delay disintegration and absorption in the gastrointestinal tract and thereby provide a sustained action over a longer period. For example, a time delay material such as glyceryl monostearate or glyceryl distearate may be employed.
  • formulations for oral use may be in the form of hard gelatin capsules wherein the compounds are mixed with an inert solid diluent, for example, calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate or kaolin. They may also be in the form of soft gelatin capsules wherein the invention compounds are mixed with water or an oil medium, for example, peanut oil, liquid paraffin, or olive oil.
  • an inert solid diluent for example, calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate or kaolin.
  • water or an oil medium for example, peanut oil, liquid paraffin, or olive oil.
  • the pharmaceutical compositions may also be in the form of a sterile injectable suspension.
  • Suspensions may be formulated according to known methods using suitable dispersing or wetting agents and suspending agents.
  • the sterile injectable preparations may also be sterile injectable solutions or suspensions in a non-toxic parenterally-acceptable diluent or solvent, for example, as a solution in 1 ,3- butanediol.
  • Sterile, fixed oils are conventionally employed as a solvent or suspending medium.
  • any bland fixed oil may be employed including synthetic mono- or diglycerides, fatty acids (including oleic acid), naturally occurring vegetable oils like sesame oil, coconut oil, peanut oil, cottonseed oil, etc., or synthetic fatty vehicles like ethyl oleate or the like. Buffers, preservatives, antioxidants, and the like can be incorporated as required.
  • compositions described herein may also be administered in the form of suppositories for rectal administration.
  • These compositions may be prepared by mixing the compounds with a suitable non-irritating excipient, such as cocoa butter, synthetic glyceride esters of polyethylene glycols, which are solid at ordinary temperatures, but liquify and/or dissolve in the rectal cavity to release the drug.
  • a suitable non-irritating excipient such as cocoa butter, synthetic glyceride esters of polyethylene glycols, which are solid at ordinary temperatures, but liquify and/or dissolve in the rectal cavity to release the drug.
  • the compounds described herein can also be administered as an ophthalmically acceptable formulation or composition.
  • a liquid which is ophthalmically acceptable is formulated such that it can be administered topically to the eye.
  • the comfort should be maximized as much as possible, although sometimes formulation considerations (e.g. drug stability) may necessitate less than optimal comfort.
  • the liquid should be formulated such that the liquid is tolerable to the patient for topical ophthalmic use.
  • an ophthalmically acceptable liquid should either be packaged for single use, or contain a preservative to prevent contamination over multiple uses.
  • solutions or medicaments are often prepared using a physiological saline solution as a major vehicle.
  • Ophthalmic solutions should preferably be maintained at a comfortable pH with an appropriate buffer system.
  • the formulations may also contain conventional, pharmaceutically acceptable preservatives, stabilizers and surfactants.
  • Preservatives that may be used in ophthalmic compositions described herein include, but are not limited to, benzalkonium chloride, chlorobutanol, thimerosal, phenylmercuric acetate and phenylmercuric nitrate.
  • a useful surfactant is, for example, Tween 80.
  • various useful vehicles may be used in the ophthalmic preparations of the present invention. These vehicles include, but are not limited to, polyvinyl alcohol, povidone, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, poloxamers, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose and purified water.
  • Tonicity adjustors may be added as needed or convenient. They include, but are not limited to, salts, particularly sodium chloride, potassium chloride, mannitol and glycerin, or any other suitable ophthalmically acceptable tonicity adjustor.
  • buffers include acetate buffers, citrate buffers, phosphate buffers and borate buffers. Acids or bases may be used to adjust the pH of these formulations as needed.
  • an ophthalmic composition as described herein may have ingredients used in the following amounts listed in Table 1 .
  • pH adjuster q.s. pH 4.5-7.5
  • Scheme A depicts example methods for preparation of compounds described herein.
  • Substituted (halogenated) picolinamides 101 are reacted with substituted 2,2-dihydroxy-1 -arylethanones 102 to form intermediates such as 103.
  • Activation of 103 with a reagent such as PCI 5 precedes reaction with various anilines, such as 4-haloaniline 104, to form Product 1.
  • Example 2
  • Scheme B depicts example methods for preparation of compounds described herein.
  • Aldehydes such as substituted aryl aldehydes or heteroaryl aldehydes 104 are condensed with substituted analines to form intermediates such as arylimine 105.
  • Scheme C depicts example methods for preparation of a variety of compounds described herein.
  • Substituted benzamines or picolinamines 107 are reacted with an aldehyde in the presence of an acid (HCI or pTsOH) to form intermediate material 108.
  • the intermediate material 108 can be activated with an appropriate leaving group such as a halogen or a benzotraizole. This activated moiety of 108 is reacted with substituted anilines (in the presence of a base) to form Product 3.
  • Scheme D depicts another example method for the preparation of compounds described herein.
  • Materials such as 4-substituted-furan-2-carboxamide 109 are reacted with chloral to produce materials such as intermediate 110.
  • Intermediate 110 is reacted with isocyanide compounds to form Product 4.
  • the material was purified by auto flash system (CH2CI2 to 1 % MeOH: CH2CI2) to give 5-bromo-N-(1 -hydroxy-2-(naphthalen-1 -yl)-2-oxoethyl)picolinamide 113 as a tan solid (0.74 g, 66%).
  • 5-bromo-N-(1 -hydroxy-2-(naphthalen-1 -yl)-2-oxoethyl)picolinamide 113 (0.74 g, 1.93 mmol) in chloroform (20 mL) was reacted with PCI 5 (0.43 g, 1.96 mmol). The mixture was heated to 50 °C for 30 minutes and cooled to 0 °C.
  • a Novel compounds with this structure were synthesized and tested for S1 P3 activity using the Flipr assay. These compounds may be assessed for their ability to activate or block activation of the human S1 P3 receptor in T24 cells stably expressing the human S1 P3 receptor.
  • the growth media for the S1 P3 receptor expressing cell line is McCoy's 5A medium supplemented with 10% charcoal-treated fetal bovine serum (FBS), 1 % antibiotic-antimycotic and 400 ⁇ g/ml geneticin.
  • FBS charcoal-treated fetal bovine serum
  • the cells are washed twice with Hank's Balanced Salt Solution supplemented with 20 mM HEPES (HBSS/Hepes buffer).
  • the cells are then dye loaded with 2 ⁇ Fluo-4 diluted in the HBSS/Hepes buffer with 1 .25 mM Probenecid and incubated at 37 °C for 40 minutes.
  • Extracellular dye is removed by washing the cell plates four times prior to placing the plates in the FLIPR (Fluorometric Imaging Plate Reader, Molecular Devices).
  • Ligands are diluted in HBSS/Hepes buffer and prepared in 384-well microplates.
  • the positive control, Sphingosine-1 -phosphate (S1 P) is diluted in HBSS/Hepes buffer with 4 mg/ml fatty acid free bovine serum albumin.
  • the FLIPR transfers 12.5 ⁇ from the ligand microplate to the cell plate and takes fluorescent measurements for 75 seconds, taking readings every second, and then for 2.5 minutes, taking readings every 10 seconds.
  • Drugs are tested over the concentration range of 0.61 nM to 10,000 nM.
  • Data for Ca 2+ responses are obtained in arbitrary fluorescence units and not translated into Ca 2+ concentrations. IC50 values are determined through a linear regression analysis using the Levenburg Marquardt algorithm.
  • GTP y 35 S binding was measured in the medium containing (mM) HEPES 25, pH 7.4, MgCI 2 10, NaCI 100, dithiothreitol 0.5, digitonin 0.003%, 0.2 nM GTP y 35 S, and 5 ⁇ g membrane protein in a volume of 150 ⁇ . Test compounds were included in the concentration range from 0.08 to 5,000 nM unless indicated otherwise. Membranes were incubated with 100 ⁇ 5'- adenylylimmidodiphosphate for 30 min, and subsequently with 10 ⁇ GDP for 10 min on ice.
  • a patient exhibits moderate intraocular pressure in the right eye.
  • An ophthalmic composition including 5-bromo-N-(1 -(4-chlorophenylamino)-2- (naphthalen-1 -yl)-2-oxoethyl) picolinamide is delivered to the right eye of the patient twice daily. Two months later, the patient exhibits normal intraocular pressure.
  • An ophthalmic composition including 4-bromo-N-((4-chlorophenylamino)(2,6- difluorophenyl)methyl) benzamide is delivered to the right eye of the patient twice daily. Two months later, the patient exhibits normal intraocular pressure.
  • [00162] ///.
  • a patient exhibits moderate intraocular pressure in the right eye.
  • An ophthalmic composition including 4-bromo-N-(2,2-dichloro-l-(4- chlorophenylamino)butyl) benmide is delivered to the right eye of the patient twice daily. Two months later, the patient exhibits normal intraocular pressure.
  • [00163] IV A patient exhibits moderate intraocular pressure in the right eye.
  • An ophthalmic composition including 4-bromo-N-(1 -(4chlorophenylamino)-2,2- dimethylpropyl) benzamide is delivered to the right eye of the patient twice daily. Two months later, the patient exhibits normal intraocular pressure.
  • a patient exhibits moderate intraocular pressure in the right eye.
  • An ophthalmic composition including 4-bromo-N-(2,2,2-trichloro-1 -(6-chloropyridin-3- ylamino)ethyl) benzamide is delivered to the right eye of the patient twice daily. Two months later, the patient exhibits normal intraocular pressure.
  • a patient exhibits moderate intraocular pressure in the right eye.
  • An ophthalmic composition including 5-bromo-N-(2,2,2-trichloro-1 -(4- ethylcycloheylamino)ethyl) picolinamide is delivered to the right eye of the patient twice daily. Two months later, the patient exhibits normal intraocular pressure.
  • a patient exhibits moderate intraocular pressure in the right eye.
  • An ophthalmic composition including 5-bromo-N-(2,2,2-trichloro-1 -(4- ethylcyclohexylamino)ethyl) picolinamide is delivered to the right eye of the patient twice daily. Two months later, the patient exhibits normal intraocular pressure.
  • Example 14
  • a patient exhibits moderate pain after a bowel surgery.
  • a tablet including 5-bromo-N-(1 -(4-chlorophenylamino)-2-(naphthalen-1 -yl)-2-oxoethyl) picolinamide is delivered taken by the patient twice daily as needed for the pain. The patient reports a reduction of pain when taking the tablet.
  • a patient exhibits moderate pain after a bowel surgery.
  • a tablet including 4-bromo-N-(2,2-dichloro-l-(4-chlorophenylamino)butyl) benmide is delivered taken by the patient twice daily as needed for the pain. The patient reports a reduction of pain when taking the tablet.
  • [00170] IV A patient exhibits moderate pain after a bowel surgery.
  • a tablet including 4-bromo-N-(1 -(4chlorophenylamino)-2,2-dimethylpropyl) benzamide is delivered taken by the patient twice daily as needed for the pain. The patient reports a reduction of pain when taking the tablet.
  • a patient exhibits moderate pain after a bowel surgery.
  • a tablet including 4-bromo-N-(2,2,2-trichloro-1 -(6-chloropyridin-3-ylamino)ethyl) benzamide is delivered taken by the patient twice daily as needed for the pain. The patient reports a reduction of pain when taking the tablet.
  • a patient exhibits moderate pain after a bowel surgery.
  • a tablet including 5-bromo-N-(2,2,2-trichloro-1 -(4-ethylcycloheylamino)ethyl) picolinamide is delivered taken by the patient twice daily as needed for the pain. The patient reports a reduction of pain when taking the tablet.
  • [00173] VII A patient exhibits moderate pain after a bowel surgery.
  • a tablet including 5-bromo-N-(2,2,2-trichloro-1 -(4- ethylcyclohexylamino)ethyl) picolinamide is delivered taken by the patient twice daily as needed for the pain. The patient reports a reduction of pain when taking the tablet.
  • Example 15
  • a patient exhibits moderate dry eye in the right eye.
  • An ophthalmic composition including 5-bromo-N-(1 -(4-chlorophenylamino)-2-(naphthalen- 1 -yl)-2-oxoethyl) picolinamide is delivered to the right eye of the patient twice daily. Two months later, the patient exhibits a reduction in dry eye symptoms.
  • [00175] //. A patient exhibits moderate dry eye in the right eye.
  • An ophthalmic composition including 4-bromo-N-((4-chlorophenylamino)(2,6- difluorophenyl)methyl) benzamide is delivered to the right eye of the patient twice daily. Two months later, the patient exhibits a reduction in dry eye symptoms.
  • a patient exhibits moderate dry eye in the right eye.
  • An ophthalmic composition including 4-bromo-N-(1 -(4chlorophenylamino)-2,2- dimethylpropyl) benzamide is delivered to the right eye of the patient twice daily. Two months later, the patient exhibits a reduction in dry eye symptoms.
  • a patient exhibits moderate dry eye in the right eye.
  • An ophthalmic composition including 4-bromo-N-(2,2,2-trichloro-1 -(6-chloropyridin-3- ylamino)ethyl) benzamide is delivered to the right eye of the patient twice daily. Two months later, the patient exhibits a reduction in dry eye symptoms.
  • a patient exhibits moderate dry eye in the right eye.
  • An ophthalmic composition including 5-bromo-N-(2,2,2-trichloro-1 -(4- ethylcycloheylamino)ethyl) picolinamide is delivered to the right eye of the patient twice daily. Two months later, the patient exhibits a reduction in dry eye symptoms.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne des composés de la formule qui s'utilisent tels des antagonistes de récepteurs de sphingosine-1-phosphate. L'invention porte également sur l'utilisation de ces composés et des compositions pharmaceutiques apparentées pour traiter des troubles associés à la modulation des récepteurs de sphingosine-1-phosphate-3 (S1P3).
PCT/US2010/047713 2009-09-04 2010-09-02 Antagonistes sélectifs des récepteurs de sphingosine-1-phosphate WO2011028927A1 (fr)

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US20030125371A1 (en) 2001-06-20 2003-07-03 Wyeth Substituted indole acid derivatives as inhibitors of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1)
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US5110987A (en) 1988-06-17 1992-05-05 Emory University Method of preparing sphingosine derivatives
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US5294722A (en) 1992-04-16 1994-03-15 E. R. Squibb & Sons, Inc. Process for the preparation of imidazoles useful in angiotensin II antagonism
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US20030125371A1 (en) 2001-06-20 2003-07-03 Wyeth Substituted indole acid derivatives as inhibitors of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1)
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