WO2011028182A1 - Compositions d'additifs pour carburants organiques, procédés de fabrication de celles-ci et carburants émulsionnés contenant lesdites compositions d'additifs pour carburants organiques - Google Patents

Compositions d'additifs pour carburants organiques, procédés de fabrication de celles-ci et carburants émulsionnés contenant lesdites compositions d'additifs pour carburants organiques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011028182A1
WO2011028182A1 PCT/SG2010/000326 SG2010000326W WO2011028182A1 WO 2011028182 A1 WO2011028182 A1 WO 2011028182A1 SG 2010000326 W SG2010000326 W SG 2010000326W WO 2011028182 A1 WO2011028182 A1 WO 2011028182A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
composition
fuel
fuel additive
organic
organic fuel
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Application number
PCT/SG2010/000326
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English (en)
Inventor
Thiam Siew Teo
Original Assignee
Singapore Emulsion Fuel Pte Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Singapore Emulsion Fuel Pte Ltd filed Critical Singapore Emulsion Fuel Pte Ltd
Publication of WO2011028182A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011028182A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/32—Liquid carbonaceous fuels consisting of coal-oil suspensions or aqueous emulsions or oil emulsions
    • C10L1/328—Oil emulsions containing water or any other hydrophilic phase
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
    • C11C3/00—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom
    • C11C3/04—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom by esterification of fats or fatty oils
    • C11C3/06—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom by esterification of fats or fatty oils with glycerol

Definitions

  • the present invention generally relates to the emulsion fuel technologies, and more particularly to the process of manufacturing biodiesel and glycerin, organic fuel additive compositions and emulsion fuels, and the organic fuel additive compositions and emulsion fuels manufactured by said process.
  • water-based emulsion diesel For the reduction of environmental pollution, water-based emulsion diesel has been used in the Europe for many years. While the water-based emulsion diesel reduces environmental pollution especially black smokes, it suffers from the decreased fuel power and the higher cost incurred in the manufacture process.
  • Biodiesel is usually derived from vegetable oil; it pushes the prices of vegetable oils higher, burdening the citizens of poor countries. Furthermore, current technologies in manufacturing biodiesel from vegetable oils focus on the recovery of fatty esters, leaving the glycerin entity out of the biodiesel process.
  • the organic fuel additive composition comprises surfactant in an amount of 10-25% of the composition; glycerin in an amount of 10-30% of the composition; polyethoxy-ester in an amount of 15-45% of the composition; water in an amount of 1-15% of the composition; and diesel in an amount of 10-40% of the composition; whereby all components are admixed together to form the organic fuel additive composition.
  • the surfactant is preferably 15-20% of the composition.
  • the surfactant is NP-9, NP15, or in combination.
  • the glycerin has over 85% purity, and is preferably 10-20% of the composition, and further preferably 12-18% of the composition.
  • the polyethoxy-ester is preferably 20-30% of the composition.
  • the water has a pH value between 6.8 to 7.2 and is preferably 5-10% of the composition.
  • the diesel is fossil diesel, biodiesel or in combination, and preferably 15-25% of the composition, the water has a pH value between 6.8 to 7.2.
  • the glycerin is manufactured by the process comprising providing a suitable vegetable oil for processing; adding alcohol and catalyst into the vegetable oil to form a mixture; heating the mixture to a predetermined temperature for a predetermined time period; separating the heated mixture into two fractions: fraction A and fraction B; and neutralizing the fraction B with an inorganic or organic acid substance to have a neutral pH value, and then heating the fraction B to a predetermined temperature, and then distilling to get the glycerin.
  • the emulsion fuel comprises fossil diesel in an amount of 60-80% of the fuel; water in an amount of 10-25% of the fuel; and organic fuel additive composition in an amount of 10-25% of the fuel; wherein the organic fuel additive composition comprises surfactant in an amount of 10-25% of the composition; glycerin in an amount of 10-30% of the composition; polyethoxy-ester in an amount of 15-45% of the composition; water in an amount of 1-15% of the composition; and diesel in an amount of 10-40% of the composition; whereby all components are admixed to form the emulsion fuel.
  • the fossil diesel is preferably
  • the water not including the water used in the organic fuel additive composition is preferably about 12-18%» of the fuel.
  • the organic fuel additive composition is preferably 12- 18% of the fuel.
  • the surfactant in the organic fuel additive composition is preferably 15-20% of the composition.
  • the surfactant in the organic fuel additive composition is NP-9, NP15, or in combination.
  • the glycerin in the organic fuel additive composition has over 85% purity, and is preferably 10-20% of the composition, and further preferably 12-18% of the composition.
  • the polyethoxy-ester in the organic fuel additive composition is preferably 20-30% of the composition.
  • the water in the organic fuel additive composition has a pH value between 6.8 to 7.2 and is preferably 5-10% of the composition.
  • the diesel in the organic fuel additive composition is fossil diesel, biodiesel or in combination, and preferably 15-25% of the composition, the water has a pH value between 6.8 to 7.2.
  • the glycerin is manufactured by the process comprising providing a suitable vegetable oil for processing; adding alcohol and catalyst into the vegetable oil to form a mixture; heating the mixture to a predetermined temperature for a predetermined time period; separating the heated mixture into two fractions: fraction A and fraction B; and neutralizing the fraction B with an inorganic or organic acid substance to have a neutral pH value, and then heating the fraction B to a predetermined temperature, and then distilling to get the glycerin.
  • FIG 1 is a block diagram showing the process and products produced by the process in accordance with one embodiment of present invention.
  • the present invention provides a process for processing vegetable oils to obtain biodiesel, fatty alcohol and glycerin, organic fuel additive compositions, and emulsion biodiesel containing the organic fuel additive compositions, and further provides the organic fuel additive compositions and emulsion fuels manufactured by the process provided by the present invention.
  • the clean refined vegetable oil 10 is any vegetable oil available for example palm oil; the vegetable oil does not require to be 100% pure; as long as the impurities existing in the vegetable oil do not interfere with the process of the present invention, the vegetable oil is suitable for use in the present invention.
  • the content of free fatty acid in the vegetable oil is critical for the process. Our inventors discovered that the content of the free fatty acid shall be less than 2.5% in the vegetable oil; preferably less 1.0%; more preferably less 0.5%.
  • the vegetable oil is first processed 20 by adding alcohol and catalyst; all materials are mixed and heated to a predetermined temperature for a predetermined time period.
  • the temperature and heating duration are dependent upon the used vegetable oil, alcohol and catalyst, and can be easily determined by one skilled in the art.
  • the alcohol is methanol, ethanol or long chain alcohols with 10, 12 or 14 carbons
  • the catalyst is potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide
  • the temperature is about 70-80 °C
  • the heating duration is about 20-30 minutes. It is preferred to have air injection during the process.
  • the alcohol and hydroxides are preferably in equal molar ratio; the ratio of the vegetable oil and the alcohol/hydroxides is preferably 4-6 to 1, more preferably 5 to 1.
  • fraction A The processed mixture is then separated 30 into two fractions: fraction A and fraction B.
  • fraction B 100 it is about 10% of the total mixture with glycerin as its main component.
  • the fraction B is first neutralized 110 with an inorganic or organic acid substance for example phosphoric acid or citrus acid to have a neutral pH value, and then refined with heating the fraction B to about 90-110 °C and distilling to get purified glycerin for further uses as discussed below.
  • fraction A 40 it is about 90% of the total mixture with ester
  • the fraction A is first neutralized 50 with an inorganic or organic acid substance for example phosphoric acid or citrus acid to have a neutral pH value, and initially distilled 60 at a low temperature for example 60-70 °C to produce fatty alcohol (product A2) 70, and further distilled 80 at a high temperature for example 100-110 °C to produce refined biodiesel (product Al).
  • the refined biodiesel can be used directly as fuel for internal combustion engines.
  • the organic fuel additive compositions in accordance with one aspect of the present invention comprise surfactant, glycerin, polyethoxy-ester, water and diesel.
  • surfactant is about 10-25% of the final composition, preferably 15- 20%;
  • glycerin has over 85% purity, and is about 10-30% of the final composition, preferably about 10-20%, and further preferably 12-18%;
  • polyethoxy-ester is about 15- 45% of the final composition, preferably about 20-30%;
  • water is about 1-15% of the final composition, preferably 5-10%; diesel is about 10-40% of the final composition, preferably 15-25%.
  • the suitable surfactant is characterized by that the surfactant wraps water when the surfactant and water are mixed; the exemplary surfactants include NP-9, NP-15 or in combination thereof; the water has a pH value between 6.8 to 7.2.
  • the organic fuel additive compositions disclosed herein are manufactured by admixing the surfactant and diesel first and then with glycerin, polyethoxy-ester and water.
  • the emulsion biodiesel in accordance with one aspect of the present invention comprises fossil diesel, water and organic fuel additive composition as aforedescribed.
  • fossil diesel is about 60-80% of the final emulsion fuel, preferably about 65-75%; water is about 10-25% of the final emulsion fuel, preferably about 12-18%; and organic fuel additive composition is about 10-25%, preferably 12-18%,
  • the emulsion fuel is manufactured by admixing the fossil diesel, water and organic fuel additive compositions together.
  • composition A [0045] lOg NP-9, lOg glycerin, 45g polyethoxy-ester, 5g water and 20g diesel were admixed to produce composition A.
  • composition A [0047] lOg NP-15, lOg glycerin, 45g polyethoxy-ester, 5g water and 20g diesel were admixed to produce composition A.
  • composition A [0049] lOg NP-9, lOg NP-15, lOg glycerin, 45g polyethoxy-ester, 5g water and 20g diesel were admixed to produce composition A.
  • composition A [0051] lOOg of biodiesel, lOg of pure water, and lOg of composition A were admixed to produce emulsion biodiesel, where the composition A can be substituted by composition B, and composition C.
  • the emulsion biodiesel of the present invention has many advantages including: no modification to existing engines, no modification to existing infrastructures, reduction of harmful gas emission, reduction of smoke, improvement of engine performance and power, improvement of fuel consumption, and reduction of productivity down time.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une composition d'additif pour carburant organique. L'invention concerne, en outre, un carburant émulsionné contenant ladite composition d'additif pour carburant organique.
PCT/SG2010/000326 2009-09-04 2010-09-06 Compositions d'additifs pour carburants organiques, procédés de fabrication de celles-ci et carburants émulsionnés contenant lesdites compositions d'additifs pour carburants organiques WO2011028182A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SG200905907-2 2009-09-04
SG200905907-2A SG169257A1 (en) 2009-09-04 2009-09-04 Organic fuel additive compositions and methods for making the same and emulsion fuel comprising the organic fuel additive compositions

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011028182A1 true WO2011028182A1 (fr) 2011-03-10

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PCT/SG2010/000326 WO2011028182A1 (fr) 2009-09-04 2010-09-06 Compositions d'additifs pour carburants organiques, procédés de fabrication de celles-ci et carburants émulsionnés contenant lesdites compositions d'additifs pour carburants organiques

Country Status (4)

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US (1) US20110056119A1 (fr)
MY (1) MY165486A (fr)
SG (1) SG169257A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011028182A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10995291B2 (en) 2018-12-15 2021-05-04 Hka Hydrofuel, Llc Fuel compositions

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2549139B (en) 2016-04-07 2019-01-30 A & C Freeman Process for recovery of glycerol from biodiesel production streams

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4083698A (en) * 1975-06-30 1978-04-11 Fuel Systems, Inc. Clear and stable liquid fuel compositions for internal combustion engines
US5424467A (en) * 1993-07-14 1995-06-13 Idaho Research Foundation Method for purifying alcohol esters
JP2004091625A (ja) * 2002-08-30 2004-03-25 Eng Kk ボイラ用乳化植物油燃料
US20040111955A1 (en) * 2002-12-13 2004-06-17 Mullay John J. Emulsified water blended fuels produced by using a low energy process and novel surfuctant
US20050022445A1 (en) * 2002-08-27 2005-02-03 Rakesh Sarin Surfactant composition including ethoxylate of cnsl
US20050183324A1 (en) * 2004-02-20 2005-08-25 Ernesto Marelli Fuel for diesel engines in microemulsion form and method for preparing the same
US20070119529A1 (en) * 2003-04-30 2007-05-31 David Hobson Ethoxylated surfactants for water in oil emulsions
US20080048147A1 (en) * 2006-08-22 2008-02-28 Sanimax Industries Inc. Glycerin systems
US20080110083A1 (en) * 2006-10-13 2008-05-15 Martin Baehr Fuel compositions containing glycerol
US20090151231A1 (en) * 2007-12-12 2009-06-18 Wen-Jhy Lee Process for manufacturing emulsified fuels by using oily water

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8088183B2 (en) * 2003-01-27 2012-01-03 Seneca Landlord, Llc Production of biodiesel and glycerin from high free fatty acid feedstocks

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4083698A (en) * 1975-06-30 1978-04-11 Fuel Systems, Inc. Clear and stable liquid fuel compositions for internal combustion engines
US5424467A (en) * 1993-07-14 1995-06-13 Idaho Research Foundation Method for purifying alcohol esters
US20050022445A1 (en) * 2002-08-27 2005-02-03 Rakesh Sarin Surfactant composition including ethoxylate of cnsl
JP2004091625A (ja) * 2002-08-30 2004-03-25 Eng Kk ボイラ用乳化植物油燃料
US20040111955A1 (en) * 2002-12-13 2004-06-17 Mullay John J. Emulsified water blended fuels produced by using a low energy process and novel surfuctant
US20070119529A1 (en) * 2003-04-30 2007-05-31 David Hobson Ethoxylated surfactants for water in oil emulsions
US20050183324A1 (en) * 2004-02-20 2005-08-25 Ernesto Marelli Fuel for diesel engines in microemulsion form and method for preparing the same
US20080048147A1 (en) * 2006-08-22 2008-02-28 Sanimax Industries Inc. Glycerin systems
US20080110083A1 (en) * 2006-10-13 2008-05-15 Martin Baehr Fuel compositions containing glycerol
US20090151231A1 (en) * 2007-12-12 2009-06-18 Wen-Jhy Lee Process for manufacturing emulsified fuels by using oily water

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10995291B2 (en) 2018-12-15 2021-05-04 Hka Hydrofuel, Llc Fuel compositions

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Publication number Publication date
MY165486A (en) 2018-03-23
SG169257A1 (en) 2011-03-30
US20110056119A1 (en) 2011-03-10

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