WO2011024651A1 - スラリー調製方法、スラリー調製装置、炭化水素合成反応装置、及び炭化水素合成反応システム - Google Patents
スラリー調製方法、スラリー調製装置、炭化水素合成反応装置、及び炭化水素合成反応システム Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
- C10G2/30—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen
- C10G2/32—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen with the use of catalysts
- C10G2/34—Apparatus, reactors
- C10G2/342—Apparatus, reactors with moving solid catalysts
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- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
- C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
- C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
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- C01B3/50—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification
- C01B3/508—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by selective and reversible uptake by an appropriate medium, i.e. the uptake being based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions
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- C01B3/56—Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification by contacting with solids; Regeneration of used solids
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- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon
- C10G2/30—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen
- C10G2/32—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen with the use of catalysts
- C10G2/33—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures of undefined composition from oxides of carbon from carbon monoxide with hydrogen with the use of catalysts characterised by the catalyst used
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- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0205—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step
- C01B2203/0227—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step
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- C01B2203/0205—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step
- C01B2203/0227—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step
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- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
- C01B2203/042—Purification by adsorption on solids
- C01B2203/043—Regenerative adsorption process in two or more beds, one for adsorption, the other for regeneration
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- C01B2203/04—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a purification step for the hydrogen or the synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0465—Composition of the impurity
- C01B2203/0475—Composition of the impurity the impurity being carbon dioxide
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- C01B2203/08—Methods of heating or cooling
- C01B2203/0805—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
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- C01B2203/08—Methods of heating or cooling
- C01B2203/0872—Methods of cooling
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- C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/1205—Composition of the feed
- C01B2203/1211—Organic compounds or organic mixtures used in the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/1235—Hydrocarbons
- C01B2203/1241—Natural gas or methane
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- C01B2203/1258—Pre-treatment of the feed
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- C01B2203/127—Catalytic desulfurisation
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/40—Characteristics of the process deviating from typical ways of processing
- C10G2300/44—Solvents
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/52—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a slurry preparation method, a slurry preparation apparatus, a hydrocarbon synthesis reaction apparatus, and a hydrocarbon synthesis reaction system.
- GTL Gas To Liquids
- natural gas is reformed to generate synthesis gas mainly composed of carbon monoxide gas (CO) and hydrogen gas (H2).
- CO carbon monoxide gas
- H2 hydrogen gas
- hydrocarbons are synthesized using a catalyst by a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction (hereinafter referred to as “FT synthesis reaction”).
- FT synthesis reaction By hydrogenating and purifying the synthesized hydrocarbons, liquid fuel products such as naphtha (crude gasoline), kerosene, light oil, and wax are produced.
- a hydrocarbon synthesis reaction apparatus that includes a reaction vessel and a synthesis gas introduction path and synthesizes hydrocarbons using an FT synthesis reaction is known.
- the reaction vessel contains a catalyst slurry in which solid catalyst particles are suspended in a medium solution.
- the synthesis gas introduction path introduces synthesis gas into the reaction vessel.
- the catalyst slurry and the synthesis gas can be brought into contact with each other inside the reaction vessel to synthesize hydrocarbons.
- a general slurry preparation method using FT wax will be described.
- the FT wax stored in the storage container is heated and melted.
- the melted FT wax and the catalyst particles are put into a mixing container for preparing the catalyst slurry.
- liquid FT wax and catalyst particles are mixed in a mixing vessel to prepare a catalyst slurry.
- the mixing container is heated and mixed so that the FT wax does not solidify in the mixing container. According to this method, since the FT wax mainly composed of hydrocarbon is used as the medium liquid, the deterioration of the catalyst is suppressed.
- FT wax is a solid at normal temperature and normal pressure, it needs to be heated to maintain the liquid phase in order to use it as a catalyst slurry medium solution. And there is a problem that costs are high. Furthermore, in order to heat the FT wax during the preparation process, it is necessary to provide a heating means for the storage container, the mixing container, and the like, which causes a problem that the apparatus becomes large and the apparatus is expensive to manufacture. In particular, since the preparation of the catalyst slurry outside the reaction vessel is mainly required at the time of starting the operation of the hydrocarbon synthesis reaction apparatus or at the time of restarting the operation after the operation stop, the heating means is the hydrocarbon synthesis reaction apparatus. It is idled during operation, and it is desirable to reduce production costs.
- FT wax is a hydrocarbon produced by the FT synthesis reaction and has a smaller production volume than the so-called petroleum hydrocarbons refined from petroleum.
- the present invention provides a slurry preparation method, a slurry preparation apparatus, a hydrocarbon synthesis reaction apparatus, and a hydrocarbon synthesis reaction system.
- a slurry preparation method is a catalyst slurry obtained by suspending solid catalyst particles in a medium liquid and a synthesis gas mainly composed of carbon monoxide gas and hydrogen gas. And a slurry preparation method for preparing the catalyst slurry to be supplied to the inside of a reaction vessel that synthesizes hydrocarbons by contact with each other, wherein a liquid petroleum solvent that is liquid at normal temperature and normal pressure is used as the medium liquid.
- the slurry preparation method of the present invention is a catalyst slurry preparation method used for synthesizing hydrocarbons by contacting with a synthesis gas mainly composed of carbon monoxide gas and hydrogen gas,
- a synthesis gas mainly composed of carbon monoxide gas and hydrogen gas
- a petroleum solvent that is liquid at normal temperature and normal pressure is used as the medium liquid.
- normal temperature means a normal temperature without heating or cooling.
- the normal pressure means a pressure that is neither specifically reduced nor pressurized with respect to atmospheric pressure.
- a petroleum-based solvent means a liquid hydrocarbon purified from petroleum. When a petroleum-based solvent that is liquid at room temperature and normal pressure is used as the medium liquid of the catalyst slurry, it is not necessary to heat the medium liquid in order to maintain the medium liquid in a liquid phase. Therefore, the catalyst slurry can be prepared in a short time, with low energy and at low cost. Petroleum solvents can be produced without using hydrocarbons refined from petroleum and synthesized by FT synthesis reaction.
- the petroleum solvent may contain paraffin.
- paraffin is mainly synthesized as a hydrocarbon by this synthesis reaction.
- the petroleum solvent contains paraffin, the synthesized hydrocarbon and the petroleum solvent exhibit similar characteristics. Therefore, it is possible to effectively suppress the deterioration of the catalyst contained in the catalyst slurry due to the medium liquid.
- Examples of such a petroleum solvent include liquid paraffin and petroleum solvent.
- the sulfur concentration in the petroleum solvent may be 1 ⁇ g / L or less. Preferably it may be 0.1 ⁇ g / L or less, more preferably 0.02 ⁇ g / L or less.
- the sulfur concentration in the petroleum-based solvent is 1 ⁇ g / L or less, the deterioration of the catalyst contained in the catalyst slurry due to the medium liquid can be reliably suppressed.
- the concentration of sulfur in the petroleum solvent is higher than 1 ⁇ g / L, the catalyst contained in the catalyst slurry may be deteriorated by the medium liquid.
- the slurry preparation apparatus is a slurry preparation apparatus that is directly used for carrying out the slurry preparation method according to the present invention, wherein the catalyst slurry is prepared by mixing the catalyst particles and the medium liquid.
- the catalyst slurry can be prepared by mixing the catalyst particles and the medium liquid respectively supplied from the catalyst supply unit and the medium liquid supply unit in the mixing container. Moreover, when preparing a catalyst slurry, it is not necessary to heat in order to maintain a medium liquid in a liquid phase state. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide heating means for maintaining the medium liquid in the liquid phase state in the mixing container and the medium liquid supply unit. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the size and cost of the slurry preparation device.
- the hydrocarbon synthesis reaction apparatus is a slurry supply for supplying the slurry preparation apparatus according to the present invention, the reaction container, and the catalyst slurry prepared by the slurry preparation apparatus into the reaction container. And a section.
- the catalyst slurry prepared by the slurry preparation apparatus can be supplied to the reaction vessel by the slurry supply unit.
- the hydrocarbon can be synthesized by bringing the catalyst slurry and the synthesis gas into contact with each other in the reaction vessel.
- the hydrocarbon synthesis reaction apparatus can be reduced in size and cost.
- the hydrocarbon synthesis reaction system includes the hydrocarbon synthesis reaction apparatus according to the present invention, reforming a hydrocarbon raw material to generate the synthesis gas, and supplying the synthesis gas to the reaction vessel.
- the hydrocarbon synthesis reaction apparatus in which size reduction and cost reduction are realized is provided, the hydrocarbon synthesis reaction system itself can be reduced in size and cost.
- the present invention it is easy to secure the necessary amount of the catalyst slurry medium liquid, and the catalyst slurry can be prepared in a short time, with low energy and at low cost without requiring heating.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an overall configuration of a liquid fuel synthesis system according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is the schematic which shows the whole structure of the slurry preparation apparatus in the FT synthetic
- a liquid fuel synthesizing system is a plant facility that executes a GTL process for converting a hydrocarbon feedstock such as natural gas into liquid fuel.
- the liquid fuel synthesis system 1 includes a synthesis gas generation unit 3, an FT synthesis unit (hydrocarbon synthesis reaction apparatus) 5, and a product purification unit 7.
- the synthesis gas generation unit 3 reforms natural gas that is a hydrocarbon raw material to generate synthesis gas containing carbon monoxide gas and hydrogen gas.
- the FT synthesis unit 5 generates liquid hydrocarbons from the generated synthesis gas by an FT synthesis reaction.
- the product refining unit 7 hydrogenates and refines liquid hydrocarbons generated by the FT synthesis reaction to produce a base material (liquid fuel base material) of liquid fuel (naphtha, kerosene, light oil, wax, etc.).
- a base material liquid fuel base material
- liquid fuel liquid fuel
- the synthesis gas generation unit 3 mainly includes, for example, a desulfurization reactor 10, a reformer 12, an exhaust heat boiler 14, gas-liquid separators 16 and 18, a decarboxylation device 20, and a hydrogen separation device 26.
- the desulfurization reactor 10 is composed of a hydrodesulfurization device or the like and removes sulfur components from natural gas as a raw material.
- the reformer 12 reforms the natural gas supplied from the desulfurization reactor 10 to generate a synthesis gas containing carbon monoxide gas (CO) and hydrogen gas (H 2 ) as main components.
- the exhaust heat boiler 14 recovers the exhaust heat of the synthesis gas generated in the reformer 12 and generates high-pressure steam.
- the gas-liquid separator 16 separates water heated by heat exchange with the synthesis gas in the exhaust heat boiler 14 into a gas (high-pressure steam) and a liquid.
- the gas-liquid separator 18 removes the condensate from the synthesis gas cooled by the exhaust heat boiler 14 and supplies the gas to the decarboxylation device 20.
- the decarbonation device 20 has an absorption tower 22 that removes carbon dioxide gas from the synthesis gas supplied from the gas-liquid separator 18 by using the absorbent, and carbon dioxide is diffused from the absorbent containing the carbon dioxide to absorb the absorbent. And a regeneration tower 24 for regeneration.
- the hydrogen separation device 26 separates a part of the hydrogen gas contained in the synthesis gas from the synthesis gas from which the carbon dioxide gas has been separated by the decarbonation device 20.
- the decarboxylation device 20 may not be provided depending on circumstances.
- the reformer 12 reforms natural gas using carbon dioxide and steam by, for example, the steam / carbon dioxide reforming method represented by the following chemical reaction formulas (1) and (2).
- a high-temperature synthesis gas mainly composed of carbon monoxide gas and hydrogen gas is generated.
- the reforming method in the reformer 12 is not limited to the steam / carbon dioxide reforming method described above, but includes, for example, a steam reforming method, a partial oxidation reforming method (POX) using oxygen, and a partial oxidation method.
- An autothermal reforming method (ATR), a carbon dioxide gas reforming method, or the like, which is a combination of the reforming method and the steam reforming method, can also be used.
- the hydrogen separator 26 is provided on a branch line branched from a main pipe connecting the decarbonator 20 or the gas-liquid separator 18 and the bubble column reactor 30.
- the hydrogen separator 26 can be configured by, for example, a hydrogen PSA (Pressure Swing Adsorption) apparatus that performs adsorption removal of impurities contained in hydrogen gas using a pressure difference.
- This hydrogen PSA apparatus has an adsorbent (zeolite adsorbent, activated carbon, alumina, silica gel, etc.) in a plurality of adsorption towers (not shown) arranged in parallel, and each adsorption tower contains impurities.
- Supply hydrogen gas with high purity separated from synthesis gas for example, about 99.999%) continuously by repeating each step of hydrogen gas pressurization, adsorption, desorption (decompression), and purge in order. Can do.
- the hydrogen gas separation method in the hydrogen separator 26 is not limited to the pressure fluctuation adsorption method such as the hydrogen PSA device described above, and for example, a hydrogen storage alloy adsorption method, a membrane separation method, or a combination thereof. There may be.
- the hydrogen storage alloy method is, for example, a hydrogen storage alloy (TiFe, LaNi 5 , TiFe 0.7 to 0.9 Mn 0.3 to 0.1 having the property of adsorbing / releasing hydrogen gas when cooled / heated. Or TiMn 1.5 or the like) to separate hydrogen gas.
- a hydrogen storage alloy TiFe, LaNi 5 , TiFe 0.7 to 0.9 Mn 0.3 to 0.1 having the property of adsorbing / releasing hydrogen gas when cooled / heated. Or TiMn 1.5 or the like
- a plurality of adsorption towers containing hydrogen storage alloys are provided, and in each adsorption tower, hydrogen gas adsorption by cooling the hydrogen storage alloy and hydrogen gas release by heating the hydrogen storage alloy are alternately repeated to synthesize Hydrogen gas in the gas can be separated and recovered.
- the membrane separation method is a method of separating hydrogen gas having excellent membrane permeability from a mixed gas using a membrane made of a polymer material such as aromatic polyimide. Since this membrane separation method does not involve a phase change, the energy required for operation is small, and the running cost is low. Further, since the structure of the membrane separation apparatus is simple and compact, the equipment cost is low and the required area of the equipment is small. Further, the separation membrane has no driving device and has a wide stable operation range, so that there is an advantage that maintenance management is easy.
- the main pipe connecting the decarboxylation device 20 or the gas-liquid separator 18 and the bubble column reactor 30 functions as a synthesis gas introduction unit that introduces synthesis gas into the bubble column reactor 30.
- the synthesis gas generation unit 3 supplies synthesis gas to the FT synthesis unit 5 through the main pipe.
- the FT synthesis unit 5 mainly includes, for example, a bubble column reactor 30, a gas-liquid separator 34, a separator 36, a gas-liquid separator 38, and a first rectifying column 40.
- the bubble column reactor 30 is an example of a reaction vessel that converts synthesis gas into liquid hydrocarbon (synthesizes liquid hydrocarbon from synthesis gas).
- the bubble column reactor 30 functions as a reactor for FT synthesis that synthesizes liquid hydrocarbons from synthesis gas by an FT synthesis reaction (chemical reaction).
- the bubble column reactor 30 includes a bubble column slurry bed reactor.
- the bubble column type slurry bed type reactor has a column type container.
- a catalyst slurry in which solid catalyst particles are suspended in a liquid medium oil (medium liquid) is stored inside the tower-shaped container. The catalyst particles contained in the catalyst slurry are not dissolved in the medium oil.
- the bubble column reactor 30 generates gaseous or liquid hydrocarbons from synthesis gas by FT synthesis.
- the synthesis gas that is the raw material gas supplied from the synthesis gas generation unit 3 is supplied as bubbles from the dispersion plate at the bottom of the bubble column reactor 30 and passes through the catalyst slurry. Thereby, a catalyst slurry and synthesis gas contact. Then, hydrogen gas and carbon monoxide gas react as shown in the following chemical reaction formula (3) by the action of the catalyst particles suspended in the catalyst slurry.
- the bubble column reactor 30 is a heat exchanger type in which a heat transfer tube 32 is disposed.
- water Boiler Feed Water
- the reaction heat of the FT synthesis reaction can be recovered as medium pressure steam by heat exchange between the catalyst slurry and water.
- the gas-liquid separator 34 separates water heated through circulation in the heat transfer tube 32 disposed in the bubble column reactor 30 into water vapor (medium pressure steam) and liquid.
- the separator 36 is an example of a filtering unit that separates catalyst particles and liquid hydrocarbons in the catalyst slurry, and is disposed outside the bubble column reactor 30 in this example.
- the gas-liquid separator 38 is connected to the top of the bubble column reactor 30 and cools unreacted synthesis gas and hydrocarbons produced as a gas.
- the first rectification column 40 distills the liquid hydrocarbons supplied via the separator 36 and the gas-liquid separator 38 and fractionates the hydrocarbons into fractions according to the boiling point.
- the separator 36 may be disposed in the bubble column reactor 30.
- the product purification unit 7 includes, for example, a wax fraction hydrocracking reactor 50, a middle fraction hydrotreating reactor 52, a naphtha fraction hydrotreating reactor 54, and gas-liquid separators 56, 58, 60. And a second rectifying column 70 and a naphtha stabilizer 72.
- the wax fraction hydrocracking reactor 50 is connected to the lower part of the first fractionator 40.
- the middle distillate hydrotreating reactor 52 is connected to the center of the first rectifying column 40.
- the naphtha fraction hydrotreating reactor 54 is connected to the upper part of the first fractionator 40.
- the gas-liquid separators 56, 58 and 60 are provided corresponding to the hydrogenation reactors 50, 52 and 54, respectively.
- the second rectifying column 70 fractionates the liquid hydrocarbons supplied from the gas-liquid separators 56 and 58 according to the boiling point.
- the naphtha stabilizer 72 fractionates the liquid hydrocarbon of the naphtha fraction supplied from the gas-liquid separator 60 and the second rectifying column 70, and discharges lighter components than butane as flare gas, and has 5 or more carbon atoms. Is obtained as a product naphtha.
- the liquid fuel synthesis system 1 is supplied with natural gas (main component is CH 4 ) as a hydrocarbon feedstock from an external natural gas supply source (not shown) such as a natural gas field or a natural gas plant.
- the synthesis gas generation unit 3 reforms the natural gas to produce a synthesis gas (a mixed gas containing carbon monoxide gas and hydrogen gas as main components).
- the natural gas is supplied to the desulfurization reactor 10 together with the hydrogen gas separated by the hydrogen separator 26.
- the desulfurization reactor 10 converts the sulfur contained in the natural gas into hydrogen sulfide by a known hydrodesulfurization catalyst using the hydrogen gas, and removes the generated hydrogen sulfide by adsorbing with an adsorbent such as ZnO. To do.
- an adsorbent such as ZnO.
- the natural gas (which may contain carbon dioxide) desulfurized in this way is generated in carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) gas supplied from a carbon dioxide supply source (not shown) and the exhaust heat boiler 14. After being mixed with water vapor, it is supplied to the reformer 12.
- the reformer 12 reforms the natural gas using carbon dioxide and steam by the steam / carbon dioxide reforming method described above, so that the reformer 12 has a high temperature mainly composed of carbon monoxide gas and hydrogen gas. Generate synthesis gas.
- the reformer 12 is supplied with, for example, fuel gas and air for the burner included in the reformer 12, and the steam / carbonic acid that is endothermic by the combustion heat of the fuel gas in the burner. The reaction heat necessary for the gas reforming reaction is covered.
- the high-temperature synthesis gas (for example, 900 ° C., 2.0 MPaG) generated in the reformer 12 in this manner is supplied to the exhaust heat boiler 14 and is exchanged by heat exchange with the water flowing in the exhaust heat boiler 14. It is cooled (for example, 400 ° C.) and the exhaust heat is recovered. At this time, the water heated by the synthesis gas in the exhaust heat boiler 14 is supplied to the gas-liquid separator 16, and the gas component from the gas-liquid separator 16 is reformed as high-pressure steam (for example, 3.4 to 10.0 MPaG). The water in the liquid is returned to the exhaust heat boiler 14 after being supplied to the vessel 12 or other external device.
- high-temperature synthesis gas for example, 900 ° C., 2.0 MPaG
- the synthesis gas cooled in the exhaust heat boiler 14 is supplied to the absorption tower 22 or the bubble column reactor 30 of the decarboxylation device 20 after the condensed liquid is separated and removed in the gas-liquid separator 18.
- the absorption tower 22 removes carbon dioxide from the synthesis gas by absorbing the carbon dioxide contained in the synthesis gas in the stored absorption liquid.
- the absorption liquid containing carbon dioxide gas in the absorption tower 22 is sent to the regeneration tower 24, and the absorption liquid containing carbon dioxide gas is heated by, for example, steam and stripped. To the reformer 12 and reused in the reforming reaction.
- the synthesis gas produced by the synthesis gas production unit 3 is supplied to the bubble column reactor 30 of the FT synthesis unit 5.
- the synthesis gas supplied to the bubble column reactor 30 is subjected to an FT synthesis reaction by a compressor (not shown) provided in a main pipe connecting the decarboxylation device 20 and the bubble column reactor 30.
- the pressure is increased to an appropriate pressure (for example, about 3.6 MPaG).
- a part of the synthesis gas from which the carbon dioxide gas is separated by the decarboxylation device 20 is also supplied to the hydrogen separation device 26.
- the hydrogen separator 26 separates the hydrogen gas contained in the synthesis gas by adsorption and desorption (hydrogen PSA) using the pressure difference as described above.
- the separated hydrogen gas is subjected to various reactions using a hydrogen gas in the liquid fuel synthesis system 1 from a gas holder or the like (not shown) through a compressor (not shown).
- a hydrogen-utilizing reactor for example, desulfurization reactor 10, wax fraction hydrocracking reactor 50, middle fraction hydrotreating reactor 52, naphtha fraction hydrotreating reactor 54, etc.
- the FT synthesis unit 5 synthesizes liquid hydrocarbons from the synthesis gas produced by the synthesis gas production unit 3 by an FT synthesis reaction.
- the synthesis gas from which the carbon dioxide gas has been separated in the decarbonator 20 flows from the bottom of the bubble column reactor 30 and rises in the catalyst slurry stored in the bubble column reactor 30. To do.
- the carbon monoxide gas and the hydrogen gas contained in the synthesis gas react with each other by the above-described FT synthesis reaction to generate hydrocarbons.
- water is circulated through the heat transfer tube 32 of the bubble column reactor 30 to remove the reaction heat of the FT synthesis reaction, and a part of the water heated by this heat exchange is vaporized. It becomes water vapor.
- the water separated by the gas-liquid separator 34 is returned to the heat transfer tube 32, and the gas component is supplied to the external device as medium pressure steam (for example, 1.0 to 2.5 MPaG).
- the liquid hydrocarbon synthesized in the bubble column reactor 30 is taken out as a catalyst slurry from the center of the bubble column reactor 30 and sent to the separator 36.
- the separator 36 separates the removed catalyst slurry into catalyst particles (solid content) and a liquid content containing a liquid hydrocarbon product. Part of the separated catalyst particles is returned to the bubble column reactor 30, and the liquid is supplied to the first rectifying column 40. Further, unreacted synthesis gas and synthesized hydrocarbon gas are introduced into the gas-liquid separator 38 from the top of the bubble column reactor 30.
- the gas-liquid separator 38 cools these gases, separates some of the condensed liquid hydrocarbons, and introduces them into the first fractionator 40.
- the gas component separated by the gas-liquid separator 38 is mainly composed of unreacted synthesis gas and C 4 or less hydrocarbons, and most of them are reintroduced into the bottom of the bubble column reactor 30.
- the unreacted synthesis gas contained in the gas is reused for the FT synthesis reaction.
- the remaining gas may be used as fuel gas for the reformer 12, or may be introduced into an external combustion facility (not shown) and burned to the atmosphere after being burned.
- the first rectifying column 40 receives liquid hydrocarbons (having various carbon numbers) supplied from the bubble column reactor 30 through the separator 36 and the gas-liquid separator 38 as described above. Naphtha fraction (boiling point lower than about 150 ° C), middle distillate equivalent to kerosene / light oil fraction (boiling point about 150-360 ° C) and wax fraction (boiling point higher than about 360 ° C) Fractionate. Liquid hydrocarbons (mainly C 21 or more) of the wax fraction taken out from the bottom of the first fractionator 40 are transferred to the wax fraction hydrocracking reactor 50.
- Liquid hydrocarbons (mainly C 11 to C 20 ) corresponding to the kerosene / light oil fraction taken out from the center of the first fractionator 40 are transferred to the middle fraction hydrotreating reactor 52.
- the liquid hydrocarbon (mainly C 5 to C 10 ) of the naphtha fraction taken out from the upper part of the first rectifying column 40 is transferred to the naphtha fraction hydrotreating reactor 54.
- the wax fraction hydrocracking reactor 50 supplies liquid hydrocarbons (generally C 21 or more) of the wax fraction having a large number of carbon atoms taken out from the bottom of the first rectifying column 40 from the hydrogen separator 26. Hydrocracking using the generated hydrogen gas, the carbon number of the hydrocarbon is reduced to approximately 20 or less. In this hydrocracking reaction, using a catalyst and heat, a C—C bond of a hydrocarbon having a large number of carbon atoms is cleaved to generate a hydrocarbon having a small number of carbon atoms (low molecular weight).
- a product containing liquid hydrocarbons obtained by hydrocracking in the wax fraction hydrocracking reactor 50 is separated into a gas and a liquid by a gas-liquid separator 56, of which liquid hydrocarbons
- the gas fraction (including hydrogen gas) is transferred to the two fractionator 70 and transferred to the middle fraction hydrotreating reactor 52 and the naphtha fraction hydrotreating reactor 54.
- the middle distillate hydrotreating reactor 52 is a middle distillate liquid hydrocarbon (generally C) that corresponds to a kerosene / light oil distillate having a medium carbon number taken from the center of the first rectifying column 40. 11 to C 20 ) are hydrorefined using the hydrogen gas supplied from the hydrogen separator 26 via the wax fraction hydrocracking reactor 50. In this hydrorefining reaction, in order to obtain mainly branched saturated hydrocarbons, the liquid hydrocarbon is isomerized, and hydrogen is added to the unsaturated bonds of the liquid hydrocarbon to saturate.
- C middle distillate liquid hydrocarbon
- the hydrorefined liquid hydrocarbon-containing product is separated into a gas and a liquid by the gas-liquid separator 58, and the liquid hydrocarbon is transferred to the second rectifying column 70, where the gas component is separated. (Including hydrogen gas) is reused in the hydrogenation reaction.
- the naphtha fraction hydrotreating reactor 54 removes liquid hydrocarbons (generally C 10 or less) of the naphtha fraction with a small number of carbon atoms extracted from the upper part of the first rectifying column 40 from the hydrogen separator 26 and wax fractions. Hydrogen purification is performed using the hydrogen gas supplied through the fraction hydrocracking reactor 50. As a result, the hydrorefined liquid hydrocarbon-containing product is separated into a gas and a liquid by the gas-liquid separator 60, and the liquid hydrocarbon is transferred to the naphtha stabilizer 72, and the gas component (hydrogen gas) Is reused in the hydrogenation reaction.
- liquid hydrocarbons generally C 10 or less
- the second rectifying column 70 is configured to convert the liquid hydrocarbons supplied from the wax fraction hydrocracking reactor 50 and the middle fraction hydrotreating reactor 52 as described above into about 10 or less carbon atoms. Hydrocarbons (boiling point lower than about 150 ° C), kerosene fraction (boiling point about 150-250 ° C), light oil fraction (boiling point about 250-360 ° C), wax fraction hydrocracking reactor Fractionate into 50 undecomposed wax fractions (boiling point above about 360 ° C.). An undecomposed wax fraction is mainly obtained from the bottom of the second fractionator 70 and is recycled upstream of the wax fraction hydrocracking reactor 50. Kerosene and light oil are taken out from the center of the second rectifying column 70. On the other hand, hydrocarbons having approximately 10 or less carbon atoms are taken out from the top of the second rectifying column 70 and supplied to the naphtha stabilizer 72.
- the naphtha stabilizer 72 fractionates hydrocarbons having approximately 10 or less carbon atoms supplied from the naphtha fraction hydrotreating reactor 54 and the second rectification tower 70 to obtain naphtha (C 5 as a product). To C 10 ). Thereby, high-purity naphtha is taken out from the lower part of the naphtha stabilizer 72.
- gas carbon number of target products composed mainly of hydrocarbons below predetermined number (C 4 or less) (flare gas) is discharged. This gas may be used as the fuel gas for the reformer 12, or may be recovered as LPG (not shown), and released into the atmosphere after being introduced into an external fuel facility (not shown) and burned. May be.
- the slurry preparation device 80 includes a mixing container 82, a catalyst supply unit 84, and a medium oil supply unit 86.
- the mixing container 82 mixes catalyst particles and medium oil to prepare a catalyst slurry.
- the catalyst supply unit 84 supplies catalyst particles to the mixing container 82.
- the medium oil supply unit 86 supplies medium oil to the mixing container 82.
- the catalyst supply unit 84 includes a catalyst container 88 and a catalyst supply path 90.
- the catalyst container 88 stores catalyst particles.
- the catalyst supply path 90 connects the catalyst container 88 and the mixing container 82.
- the catalyst particles stored in the catalyst container 88 are supplied to the mixing container 82 through the catalyst supply path 90.
- the supply amount of the catalyst particles is adjusted by, for example, a control valve provided in the catalyst supply path 90.
- the medium oil supply unit 86 includes a medium oil container 92 and a medium oil supply path 94.
- the medium oil container 92 stores medium oil.
- the medium oil supply path 94 connects the medium oil container 92 and the mixing container 82.
- the medium oil stored in the medium oil container 92 is supplied to the mixing container 82 through the medium oil supply path 94.
- the supply amount of the medium oil is adjusted by, for example, a control valve provided in the medium supply path 94.
- the medium oil container 92 is not provided with a heating unit that heats the medium oil stored therein.
- the mixing container 82 includes a container main body 96 and a stirring unit 98.
- the container body 96 stores the catalyst particles and the medium oil supplied from the catalyst supply unit 84 and the medium oil supply unit 86.
- the agitator 98 agitates and mixes the catalyst particles and the medium oil accommodated in the container body 96.
- the stirring unit 98 includes a rotation shaft portion 98a, a wing portion 98b, and a drive portion 98c.
- the rotation shaft portion 98a is provided so as to extend from the top of the container body 96 toward the lower side in the axial direction.
- the wings 98b are provided so as to protrude radially from the rotation shaft portion 98a around the rotation shaft portion 98a.
- the drive part 98c rotates the rotating shaft part 98a around the said axis line.
- the stirring unit rotates the rotating shaft part 98a by the driving part 98c to rotate the wing part 98b.
- the catalyst particles and the medium oil accommodated in the container main body 96 are stirred and mixed.
- the container main body 96 is not provided with a heating unit that heats the medium oil supplied to the container body 96.
- the FT synthesis unit 5 includes a slurry supply unit 100 that supplies the catalyst slurry prepared by the slurry preparation device 80 to the inside of the bubble column reactor 30.
- the slurry supply unit 100 includes a slurry supply path 100a, an on-off valve 100b, and a pressurized gas supply unit 100c.
- the slurry supply path 100 a connects the container main body 96 and the bubble column reactor 30.
- the on-off valve 100b opens and closes the slurry supply path 100a.
- the pressurized gas supply unit 100 c supplies pressurized gas that pressurizes the interior of the container body 96 to the interior of the container body 96.
- the pressurized gas it is preferable to employ a gas that does not affect the deterioration of the catalyst.
- Examples of such pressurized gas include nitrogen gas.
- the slurry supply unit 100 supplies the pressurized gas to the inside of the container main body 96 by the pressurized gas supply unit 100c with the on-off valve 100b opened. Thereby, the slurry supply unit 100 supplies the catalyst slurry inside the container main body 96 to the bubble column reactor 30.
- a petroleum-based solvent that is liquid at normal temperature and normal pressure is used as the medium oil.
- This petroleum solvent may contain paraffin.
- the concentration of sulfur in this petroleum solvent is 1 ⁇ g / L or less, preferably 0.1 ⁇ g / L or less, more preferably 0.02 ⁇ g / L or less.
- the normal temperature means a normal temperature (for example, 15 ° C. to 25 ° C.) without heating or cooling.
- the normal pressure means a pressure (for example, atmospheric pressure) that does not particularly reduce or pressurize the atmospheric pressure.
- a petroleum-based solvent means a liquid hydrocarbon refined from so-called crude oil, not from coal or natural gas. Examples of such petroleum solvents include liquid paraffin (for example, Cosmo White P (manufactured by Cosmo Oil Lubricants Co., Ltd.)) and petroleum solvent (for example, AF Solvent No. 6 (manufactured by Nippon Oil Corporation)). It is done.
- the petroleum solvent may contain paraffin as a main component (for example, the mass percent concentration of paraffin in the petroleum solvent is 70% or more and 100% or less).
- catalyst particles and medium oil are supplied into the container body 96 by the catalyst supply unit 84 and the medium oil supply unit 86, respectively. Then, in the container main body 96, the catalyst particles and the medium oil are stirred and mixed by the stirring unit 98 to prepare a catalyst slurry.
- the prepared catalyst slurry is supplied to the bubble column reactor 30 by the slurry supply unit 100 as necessary.
- a petroleum-based solvent that is liquid at normal temperature and normal pressure is used as the medium oil of the catalyst slurry. Therefore, it is not necessary to heat the medium oil in order to maintain the medium oil in a liquid phase state, and the catalyst slurry can be prepared in a short time, with low energy and at low cost.
- Petroleum solvents can be produced without using hydrocarbons refined from crude oil and synthesized by FT synthesis reaction. Therefore, even before the FT synthesis reaction is started, this petroleum-based solvent can be used as a medium oil for the catalyst slurry supplied into the bubble column reactor 30. Therefore, a required amount of petroleum-based solvent can be easily secured as a medium oil used for preparing the catalyst slurry.
- the petroleum-based solvent contains paraffin.
- the chemical reaction inside the bubble column reactor 30 is an FT synthesis reaction, and mainly paraffin is synthesized as a hydrocarbon by this synthesis reaction.
- the synthesized hydrocarbon and the petroleum solvent exhibit similar characteristics. Therefore, it can suppress effectively that the catalyst contained in a catalyst slurry deteriorates with a medium oil.
- the sulfur concentration in the petroleum solvent is 1 ⁇ g / L or less, the deterioration of the catalyst contained in the catalyst slurry due to the medium oil can be more reliably suppressed.
- the sulfur concentration in the petroleum solvent is higher than 1 ⁇ g / L, the catalyst contained in the catalyst slurry may be deteriorated by the medium oil.
- the slurry preparation apparatus 80 when preparing the catalyst slurry, the medium oil is maintained in a liquid phase state without heating the medium oil. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide heating means for maintaining the medium oil in the liquid phase state in the mixing container 82 and the medium oil supply unit 86. Therefore, the slurry preparation apparatus 80 can be reduced in size and cost can be reduced.
- the FT synthesis unit 5 according to the present embodiment includes a slurry preparation device 80 that is reduced in size and cost. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the size and cost of the FT synthesis unit 5.
- the liquid fuel synthesizing system 1 according to the present embodiment includes an FT synthesizing unit 5 that is reduced in size and cost. Therefore, the liquid fuel synthesizing system 1 can be reduced in size and cost.
- natural gas is used as the hydrocarbon raw material supplied to the liquid fuel synthesizing system 1, but it is not limited to this example.
- other hydrocarbon raw materials such as asphalt and residual oil may be used.
- liquid hydrocarbon was synthesize
- this invention is not limited to this example.
- the synthesis reaction in the bubble column reactor include oxo synthesis (hydroformylation reaction) “R—CH ⁇ CH 2 + CO + H 2 ⁇ R—CH 2 CH 2 CHO”, methanol synthesis “CO + 2H 2 ⁇ CH 3 OH”,
- DME dimethyl ether
- the mixing container 82 is not limited to the one shown in the above embodiment, and any mixing vessel 82 may be used as long as it can prepare catalyst slurry by mixing catalyst particles and medium oil.
- the slurry supply unit 100 is not limited to that shown in the above embodiment, and may be any device that supplies the catalyst slurry prepared by the slurry preparation device 80 into the bubble column reactor 30.
- a synthesis gas mainly composed of carbon monoxide gas and hydrogen gas.
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2009年8月31日に、日本に出願された特願2009-200345号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
また、FTワックスは、FT合成反応により生成された炭化水素であり、石油から精製されるいわゆる石油系の炭化水素に比べて生産量が少ないものなので、特に炭化水素合成反応装置の稼動開始時にこの種の炭化水素合成反応装置を他に所有していない場合などには、反応容器の内部に供給する必要がある触媒スラリーの媒体液としての必要量を確保するのが難しいという問題もある。
換言すると、本発明のスラリーの調製方法は、一酸化炭素ガス及び水素ガスを主成分とする合成ガスと接触させて炭化水素を合成するために用いる触媒スラリーの調製方法であって、媒体液に固体の触媒粒子を懸濁させて触媒スラリーを調製する際に、常温および常圧で液体である石油系溶媒を前記媒体液として用いる。
触媒スラリーの媒体液として、常温および常圧で液体の石油系溶媒を用いると、媒体液を液相状態に維持するために媒体液を加熱する必要が無い。したがって、短時間、低エネルギーおよび低コストで触媒スラリーを調製することができる。
また、石油系溶媒は、石油から精製され、FT合成反応により合成される炭化水素を用いずに製造できる。そのため、FT合成反応が開始される前であっても、反応容器の内部に供給する触媒スラリーを調製するための媒体液として、必要量の石油系溶媒を容易に確保することができる。
また、媒体液として液体の炭化水素である石油系溶媒を用いるので、触媒スラリーを調製する際の触媒の劣化を抑制することができる。
このような石油系溶媒としては、例えば、流動パラフィン及び石油系ソルベントが挙げられる。
また、触媒スラリーを調製する際に、媒体液を液相状態に維持するために加熱する必要が無い。そのため、混合容器および媒体液供給部に媒体液を液相状態に維持する加熱手段を設ける必要が無い。したがって、スラリー調製装置の小型化および低コスト化を実現することができる。
また、小型化および低コスト化が実現されたスラリー調製装置を備えているので、炭化水素合成反応装置の小型化および低コスト化を実現することができる。
図1に示すように、液体燃料合成システム(炭化水素合成反応システム)1は、天然ガス等の炭化水素原料を液体燃料に転換するGTLプロセスを実行するプラント設備である。この液体燃料合成システム1は、合成ガス生成ユニット3と、FT合成ユニット(炭化水素合成反応装置)5と、製品精製ユニット7とを含む。合成ガス生成ユニット3は、炭化水素原料である天然ガスを改質して一酸化炭素ガスと水素ガスを含む合成ガスを生成する。FT合成ユニット5は、生成された合成ガスからFT合成反応により液体の炭化水素を生成する。製品精製ユニット7は、FT合成反応により生成された液体の炭化水素を水素化及び精製して液体燃料(ナフサ、灯油、軽油、ワックス等)の基材(液体燃料基材)を製造する。以下、これら各ユニットの構成要素について説明する。
脱硫反応器10は、水添脱硫装置等で構成されて原料である天然ガスから硫黄成分を除去する。改質器12は、脱硫反応器10から供給された天然ガスを改質して、一酸化炭素ガス(CO)と水素ガス(H2)とを主成分として含む合成ガスを生成する。排熱ボイラー14は、改質器12にて生成した合成ガスの排熱を回収して高圧スチームを発生する。気液分離器16は、排熱ボイラー14において合成ガスとの熱交換により加熱された水を気体(高圧スチーム)と液体とに分離する。気液分離器18は、排熱ボイラー14にて冷却された合成ガスから凝縮分を除去し気体分を脱炭酸装置20に供給する。脱炭酸装置20は、気液分離器18から供給された合成ガスから吸収液を用いて炭酸ガスを除去する吸収塔22と、当該炭酸ガスを含む吸収液から炭酸ガスを放散させて吸収液を再生する再生塔24とを有する。水素分離装置26は、脱炭酸装置20により炭酸ガスが分離された合成ガスから、当該合成ガスに含まれる水素ガスの一部を分離する。ただし、上記脱炭酸装置20は場合によっては設けないこともある。
CH4+CO2→2CO+2H2 ・・・(2)
スラリー調製装置80は、混合容器82と、触媒供給部84と、媒体油供給部86とを備えている。混合容器82は、触媒粒子と媒体油とを混合して触媒スラリーを調製する。触媒供給部84は、混合容器82に触媒粒子を供給する。媒体油供給部86は、混合容器82に媒体油を供給する。
媒体油供給部86は、媒体油容器92と、媒体油供給路94と、を備えている。媒体油容器92は媒体油を貯留する。媒体油供給路94は、媒体油容器92と混合容器82とを接続する。媒体油供給部86においては、媒体油容器92に貯留された媒体油が、媒体油供給路94を通して混合容器82に供給される。媒体油の供給量は、例えば媒体供給路94に設けられた制御弁により調節される。なお、本実施形態では、媒体油容器92には、内部に貯留された媒体油を加熱する加熱部が設けられていない。
図示の例では、攪拌部98は、回転軸部98aと、羽部98bと、駆動部98cと、を備えている。回転軸部98aは、容器本体96の頂部から軸線方向の下側に向けて延びるように設けられている。羽部98bは、回転軸部98aを中心として回転軸部98aから放射状に突出するように設けられる。駆動部98cは、回転軸部98aを上記軸線回りに回転させる。攪拌部は、駆動部98cにより回転軸部98aを回転させて、羽部98bを回転させる。これにより、容器本体96内に収容された触媒粒子および媒体油を攪拌して混合する。また、本実施形態では、容器本体96には、内部に供給された媒体油を加熱する加熱部が設けられていない。
スラリー供給部100は、スラリー供給路100aと、開閉弁100bと、加圧ガス供給部100cとを備えている。スラリー供給路100aは、容器本体96と気泡塔型反応器30とを接続する。開閉弁100bは、スラリー供給路100aを開閉する。加圧ガス供給部100cは、容器本体96の内部を加圧する加圧ガスを容器本体96の内部に供給する。加圧ガスには、触媒の劣化に影響を与えない気体を採用することが好ましい。このような加圧ガスとしては、例えば、窒素ガスなどが挙げられる。
スラリー供給部100は、開閉弁100bを開状態にして、加圧ガス供給部100cにより容器本体96の内部に加圧ガスを供給する。これにより、スラリー供給部100は、容器本体96の内部の触媒スラリーを気泡塔型反応器30に供給する。
また、石油系溶媒は、原油から精製され、FT合成反応により合成される炭化水素を用いずに製造できる。そのため、FT合成反応が開始される前であっても、この石油系溶媒を、気泡塔型反応器30の内部に供給する触媒スラリーの媒体油として用いることができる。したがって、触媒スラリーの調製に用いる媒体油として、必要量の石油系溶媒を容易に確保することができる。
さらに、本実施形態では、石油系溶媒がパラフィンを含有している。また、気泡塔型反応器30の内部での化学反応が、FT合成反応であり、この合成反応によって炭化水素として主にパラフィンが合成される。この場合には、合成される炭化水素と石油系溶媒とが類似する特性を示す。したがって、触媒スラリーに含まれる触媒が媒体油によって劣化することを効果的に抑制することができる。
さらに、石油系溶媒における硫黄の濃度が1μg/L以下となっている場合には、触媒スラリーに含まれる触媒の、媒体油による劣化をより一層確実に抑制することができる。なお、石油系溶媒における硫黄の濃度が1μg/Lより高いと、触媒スラリーに含まれる触媒が、媒体油によって劣化するおそれがある。
また、本実施形態に係るFT合成ユニット5は、小型化および低コスト化が実現されたスラリー調製装置80を備えている。したがって、FT合成ユニット5の小型化および低コスト化を実現することができる。
また、本実施形態に係る液体燃料合成システム1は、小型化および低コスト化が実現されたFT合成ユニット5を備えている。したがって、液体燃料合成システム1の小型化および低コスト化を実現することができる。
これにより、触媒スラリーの媒体液の必要量を容易に確保できる。また、加熱を要せず短時間に触媒スラリーを調製することができる。また、低エネルギーおよび低コストで触媒スラリーを調製することができる。
3 合成ガス生成ユニット
5 FT合成ユニット(炭化水素合成反応装置)
7 製品精製ユニット
30 気泡塔型反応器(反応容器)
80 スラリー調製装置
82 混合容器
84 触媒供給部
86 媒体油供給部
100 スラリー供給部
Claims (6)
- 一酸化炭素ガス及び水素ガスを主成分とする合成ガスと接触させて炭化水素を合成するために用いる触媒スラリーの調製方法であって、
媒体液に固体の触媒粒子を懸濁させて触媒スラリーを調製する際に、常温および常圧で液体である石油系溶媒を前記媒体液として用いる触媒スラリーの調製方法。 - 請求項1記載のスラリー調製方法であって、
前記石油系溶媒は、パラフィンを含有する。 - 請求項1又は2記載のスラリー調製方法であって、
前記石油系溶媒は、硫黄の濃度が1μg/L以下である。 - 請求項1から3いずれか1項に記載のスラリー調製方法の実施に直接使用するスラリー調製装置であって、
前記触媒粒子と前記媒体液とを混合して前記触媒スラリーを調製する混合容器と、
前記混合容器に前記触媒粒子を供給する触媒供給部と、
前記混合容器に前記媒体液を供給する媒体液供給部と、
を備える。 - 請求項4記載のスラリー調製装置と、
前記合成ガスと前記触媒スラリーとを接触させる反応容器と、
前記スラリー調製装置で調製された前記触媒スラリーを前記反応容器の内部に供給するスラリー供給部と、
を備える炭化水素合成反応装置。 - 請求項5記載の炭化水素合成反応装置と、
炭化水素原料を改質して前記合成ガスを生成し、該合成ガスを前記反応容器に供給する合成ガス生成ユニットと、
前記炭化水素から液体燃料基材を精製する製品精製ユニットと、
を備える炭化水素合成反応システム。
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EP10811701A EP2474593A4 (en) | 2009-08-31 | 2010-08-12 | SLUDGE MANUFACTURING METHOD, MUD PRODUCTION DEVICE, HYDROCARBON SYNTHESIS ACTION DEVICE AND HYDROGEN HYDROTHETIC REACTION SYSTEM |
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US13/391,754 US20120190535A1 (en) | 2009-08-31 | 2010-08-12 | Slurry preparation method, slurry preparation device, hydrocarbon synthesis reaction apparatus, and hydrocarbon synthesis reaction system |
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ZA201202145B (en) | 2013-05-29 |
EA201290112A1 (ru) | 2012-06-29 |
EP2474593A1 (en) | 2012-07-11 |
CN102482583B (zh) | 2015-05-13 |
US20120190535A1 (en) | 2012-07-26 |
EP2474593A4 (en) | 2013-03-20 |
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