WO2010150802A1 - 無線基地局装置及び移動局装置、無線通信方法 - Google Patents
無線基地局装置及び移動局装置、無線通信方法 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0697—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using spatial multiplexing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
- H04L5/0048—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
- H04B7/0678—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission using different spreading codes between antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
- H04J13/00—Code division multiplex systems
- H04J13/0003—Code application, i.e. aspects relating to how codes are applied to form multiplexed channels
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
- H04J13/00—Code division multiplex systems
- H04J13/0007—Code type
- H04J13/004—Orthogonal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
- H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
- H04L27/2602—Signal structure
- H04L27/26035—Maintenance of orthogonality, e.g. for signals exchanged between cells or users, or by using covering codes or sequences
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
- H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
- H04L27/2602—Signal structure
- H04L27/261—Details of reference signals
- H04L27/2613—Structure of the reference signals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/0001—Arrangements for dividing the transmission path
- H04L5/0026—Division using four or more dimensions
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
- H04L5/0078—Timing of allocation
- H04L5/0082—Timing of allocation at predetermined intervals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
- H04W88/02—Terminal devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
- H04W88/08—Access point devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/0202—Channel estimation
- H04L25/0204—Channel estimation of multiple channels
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
- H04L5/0058—Allocation criteria
- H04L5/006—Quality of the received signal, e.g. BER, SNR, water filling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
- H04L5/0058—Allocation criteria
- H04L5/0073—Allocation arrangements that take into account other cell interferences
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a radio base station apparatus, a mobile station apparatus, and a radio communication method for transmitting a downlink reference signal (reference signal).
- LTE Long Term Evolution
- REL8-LTE an orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA: Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing Access) method is defined for the downlink.
- the OFDMA scheme is a multicarrier transmission scheme in which a frequency band is divided into a plurality of narrow frequency bands (subcarriers) and data is transmitted on each subcarrier. It can be expected that high-speed transmission can be realized by increasing the frequency utilization efficiency by arranging subcarriers densely while being orthogonal to each other on the frequency axis.
- REL8-LTE defines the downlink reference signal configuration.
- the downlink reference signal includes 1) downlink CQI (Channel Quality ⁇ Indicator) measurement for scheduling and adaptive control, 2) channel estimation for downlink synchronous detection in a user terminal (hereinafter referred to as LTE terminal) supporting REL8-LTE, 3) Used for estimation of downlink channel conditions for cell search and handover.
- CQI Channel Quality ⁇ Indicator
- a wireless transmission method for improving communication quality by providing a plurality of antennas for each of a transmitter and a receiver is defined (for example, non-patent document). 1).
- MIMO Multiple-Input Multiple-Output
- Single user MIMO can perform four-layer spatial multiplexing using a maximum of four transmission antennas in a base station.
- Each layer is transmitted from all the transmission antennas by using different transmission phase / amplitude control (precoding) instead of corresponding to the transmission antenna on a one-to-one basis.
- precoding transmission phase / amplitude control
- each layer transmitted ideally simultaneously is received orthogonally (without interfering with each other) at the receiver side.
- precoding vectors transmission antennas
- precoding are considered in consideration of fading fluctuations so that transmission layers (transmission information sequences) transmitted simultaneously do not interfere with each other and are received at a high SINR in an LTE terminal. Weight).
- precoding enables beam forming that realizes directional transmission in which a desired wave is emphasized for a specific user terminal.
- Multi-user MIMO is realized by assigning the same resource block (RB) of a certain subframe to a plurality of user terminal layers.
- RB resource block
- the number of layers allocated to each user is limited to one.
- the present invention has been made in view of such a point, and an object thereof is to provide a radio base station apparatus and a radio communication method capable of radio communication using a downlink reference signal configuration suitable for increasing the number of transmission layers.
- a plurality of transmission antennas and different reference transmissions assigned to the same radio resource are orthogonalized between downlink reference signals of the same transmission layer adjacent in the two-dimensional direction of the frequency direction and the time direction.
- a reference signal generation unit that generates an orthogonal reference signal in which downlink reference signals of layers are orthogonalized based on a two-dimensional orthogonal code;
- a multiplexing unit that multiplexes the orthogonal downlink reference signal and transmission data of the same transmission layer;
- a transmitter that simultaneously transmits a transmission signal obtained by multiplexing the orthogonal downlink reference signal and transmission data by the multiplexer in a plurality of transmission layers from the plurality of transmission antennas.
- orthogonal downlink reference signals adjacent in the frequency direction in the same transmission layer can be orthogonalized by orthogonal codes
- orthogonal downlink reference signals adjacent in the time direction can be orthogonalized by orthogonal codes.
- orthogonal downlink reference signals mapped to the same allocation resource can be orthogonalized between transmission layers. That is, three orthogonalizations such as a frequency direction, a time direction, and between layers related to an orthogonal downlink reference signal can be performed with a simple two-dimensional orthogonal code, and an increase in the number of transmission layers and orthogonalization between users are realized.
- wireless communication can be performed using a downlink reference signal configuration suitable for increasing the number of transmission layers.
- a DM-RS Demodulation-Reference Signal
- PDSCH common data channel
- a downlink reference signal configuration suitable for orthogonalizing DM-RSs multiplexed on transmission data for each transmission layer between a plurality of transmission layers (4 layers, 8 layers, or more) will be described.
- a downlink reference signal configuration suitable for orthogonalizing DM-RSs orthogonalized between transmission layers between users will be described.
- the scheduler allocates the radio resource of the downlink shared channel (PDSCH) in the subframe period to the resource block. Assign in units of (RB).
- FIGS. 1A and 1B are conceptual diagrams of a downlink reference signal configuration proposed by the present inventors.
- FIG. 1A shows a DM-RS pattern per resource block.
- the figure shows one resource block in which the frequency domain is composed of 12 subcarriers and one subframe is composed of 14 symbols in accordance with the size per resource block defined by LTE. .
- transmission data and DM-RS are multiplexed so as not to overlap in the time domain and the frequency domain.
- the DM-RS is prepared for each transmission layer. For example, in the case of 8 transmission layers, a total of 8 DM-RSs are generated corresponding to each transmission layer.
- Radio resources (time domain and frequency domain) (hereinafter referred to as “allocated resources”) allocated to one layer of DM-RS are [1 subcarrier ⁇ 2 consecutive symbols].
- allocated resources are [1 subcarrier ⁇ 2 consecutive symbols].
- the size of the allocated resource is not limited and can be set flexibly as [2 subcarriers ⁇ 2 consecutive symbols].
- DM-RSs of four transmission layers are multiplexed on one allocation resource.
- a DM-RS multiplexing system a code division multiplexing (CDM) system is applied. Since four transmission layer DM-RSs are multiplexed on one allocation resource, if at least two allocation resources are secured apart in the frequency direction within the same resource block, a total of eight transmission layer DM-RSs are multiplexed. It becomes possible to do.
- FIG. 1 (a) three allocated resources are arranged apart from each other in the frequency direction within the same resource block.
- a plurality of (four transmission layers) DM-RSs with different transmission layers multiplexed on one allocation resource are orthogonal to each other.
- Fig. 1 (b) shows a configuration example of a two-dimensional orthogonal code.
- the two-dimensional orthogonal code W shown in the figure is a second orthogonal code W0 composed of a 2 ⁇ 4 Walsh code and a second orthogonal code W0 composed of a 2 ⁇ 4 Walsh code and each row orthogonal to the first orthogonal code W0.
- the first and second orthogonal codes W0 and W1 are designed to have a size corresponding to the maximum multiplexing number per allocation resource (4 transmission layers) and the element size (1 ⁇ 2) of 1 allocation resource.
- three allocation resources R11, R12, R13 are arranged at equal intervals in the frequency direction, and are the same subcarrier as each allocation resource R11, R12, R13.
- Three allocation resources R21, R22, and R23 are arranged separated by a predetermined number of symbols in the time axis direction.
- DM-RSs corresponding to the first transmission layer # 1 to the fourth transmission layer # 4 are code division multiplexed (CDM) to an allocation resource R11.
- the four DM-RSs corresponding to the first transmission layer # 1 to the fourth transmission layer # 4 multiplexed to the allocation resource R11 are code division multiplexed so as to be orthogonal between the transmission layers using the first orthogonal code W0. is doing. This is because each row (-1, -1), (-1, 1), (1, 1) corresponding to each transmission layer is transmitted to each DM-RS corresponding to the first transmission layer # 1 to the fourth transmission layer # 4. In other words, it can be paraphrased as being spread multiplexed by 1) and (1, ⁇ 1).
- DM-RSs first transmission layer # 1 to fourth transmission layer # 4 multiplexed on the allocation resource R11 are code division multiplexed (orthogonalized) using the first orthogonal code W0.
- DM-RSs first transmission layer # 1 to fourth transmission layer # 4 are orthogonalized between transmission layers by the first orthogonal code W0.
- Allocation resource R12 is a radio resource adjacent to allocation resource R11 in the frequency domain.
- the four DM-RSs corresponding to the fifth transmission layer # 5 to the eighth transmission layer # 8 multiplexed on the allocation resource R12 are code division multiplexed so as to be orthogonal between the transmission layers using the second orthogonal code W1. is doing. This is because each DM-RS corresponding to the fifth transmission layer # 5 to the eighth transmission layer # 8 is assigned to each row (1, 1), (1, -1), (-1,- In other words, it can be paraphrased as being spread-multiplexed by multiplying by 1) and (-1, 1). FIG.
- DM-RSs for example, four DM-RSs (fifth transmission layer # 5 to eighth transmission layer # 8) multiplexed on the allocation resource R12 are code division multiplexed (orthogonalized) using the second orthogonal code W1. The figure is shown. DM-RSs (fifth transmission layer # 5 to eighth transmission layer # 8) are orthogonalized between transmission layers by the second orthogonal code W1.
- the allocation resource R13 is a radio resource adjacent to the allocation resource R12 in the frequency direction.
- Four DM-RSs (first transmission layer # 1 to fourth transmission layer # 4) multiplexed on the allocation resource R13 are code division multiplexed using the first orthogonal code W0 so as to be orthogonal between the transmission layers. ing.
- DM-RSs (first transmission layer # 1 to fourth transmission layer # 4) and (fifth transmission layer # 5 to eighth) of each transmission layer multiplexed on the individual allocation resources R11, R12, and R13.
- Transmission layer # 8) has an orthogonal relationship between the transmission layers in each of the allocation resources R11, R12, and R13.
- DM-RSs first transmission layer # 1 to fourth transmission layer multiplexed on one allocation resource (R11, R13) # 4) is orthogonally multiplexed (spread) using the first orthogonal code W0, and DM-RSs (fifth transmission layer # 5 to eighth transmission layer # 8) multiplexed on the other allocation resource R12 are Since orthogonal multiplexing (spreading) is performed using 2 orthogonal codes W1, orthogonalization is performed between allocation resources (R11, R12) and allocation resources (R12, R13) adjacent in the frequency axis direction.
- another three allocation resources R21, R22, and R23 are located at the same subcarrier as the above three allocation resources R11, R12, and R13 and at a predetermined number of symbols away in the time domain. Has been placed.
- the allocation resource R21 is adjacent to the allocation resource R11 in the time axis direction.
- Four DM-RSs corresponding to the fifth transmission layer # 5 to the eighth transmission layer # 8 are multiplexed on the allocation resource R21.
- the four DM-RSs (fifth transmission layer # 5 to eighth transmission layer # 8) multiplexed on the allocation resource R21 are code division multiplexed using the second orthogonal code W1 so as to be orthogonal between the transmission layers.
- FIG. 2 shows a concept in which four DM-RSs (fifth transmission layer # 5 to eighth transmission layer # 8) multiplexed on the allocation resource R21 are code division multiplexed (orthogonalized) using the second orthogonal code W1. The figure is shown.
- DM-RSs (fifth transmission layer # 5 to eighth transmission layer # 8) are orthogonalized between transmission layers by the second orthogonal code W1.
- the allocation resource R22 is adjacent to the allocation resource R12 in the time axis direction.
- Four DM-RSs corresponding to the first transmission layer # 1 to the fourth transmission layer # 4 are multiplexed on the allocation resource R22.
- Four DM-RSs (first transmission layer # 1 to fourth transmission layer # 4) multiplexed on the allocation resource R22 are code division multiplexed using the first orthogonal code W0 so as to be orthogonal between the transmission layers. Yes.
- the allocation resource R23 is adjacent to the allocation resource R13 in the time axis direction.
- Four DM-RSs corresponding to the fifth transmission layer # 5 to the eighth transmission layer # 8 are multiplexed on the allocation resource R23.
- the four DM-RSs (fifth transmission layer # 5 to eighth transmission layer # 8) multiplexed on the allocation resource R23 are code division multiplexed using the second orthogonal code W1 so as to be orthogonal between the transmission layers. Yes.
- the multiplexed DM-RSs (first transmission layer # 1 to fourth transmission layer # 4) are orthogonally multiplexed (spread) using the first orthogonal code W0, and multiplexed on the other allocated resources (R21, R23).
- DM-RSs (fifth transmission layer # 5 to eighth transmission layer # 8) are orthogonally multiplexed (spread) using the second orthogonal code W1, so that the allocation resources adjacent to each other in the time domain (R11) , R21), between allocated resources (R12, R22), and between allocated resources (R13, R23).
- FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram showing a state in which DM-RSs are orthogonalized in a two-dimensional direction composed of a frequency axis direction and a time axis direction.
- This figure shows orthogonal states in the transmission layer # 2 of four allocation resources R11, R12, R21, and R22 adjacent in the two-dimensional direction (frequency axis direction and time axis direction).
- the allocation resources R11 and R12 adjacent in the frequency axis direction surrounded by the dotted line L1 are orthogonal to each other, and the allocation is adjacent in the time axis direction surrounded by the dotted line L2.
- the resources R12 and R22 are orthogonal. Such orthogonalization in the two-dimensional direction is maintained in all transmission layers.
- each DM-RS corresponding to the first transmission layer # 1 to the fourth transmission layer # 4 is code division multiplexed using one of the first orthogonal codes W0 constituting the two-dimensional orthogonal code W
- Each DM-RS corresponding to the fifth transmission layer # 5 to the eighth transmission layer # 8 is code division multiplexed using the other second orthogonal code W1 constituting the two-dimensional orthogonal code W. Is not limited to this aspect.
- DM-RSs can be orthogonalized between users using the first orthogonal code W0 and the second orthogonal code W1 that form the two-dimensional orthogonal code W.
- the two codes ( ⁇ 1, ⁇ 1) and ( ⁇ 1, 1) from the top are assigned to the user UE1 (layers # 1 to # 1). 2), and the subsequent two codes (1, 1) and (1, -1) are assigned to the user UE2 (layers # 1 to # 2).
- different user UE1 and user UE2 are allocated to each allocation resource R11, R12, R13 adjacent in the frequency axis direction.
- DM-RSs of a plurality of layers (first transmission layer # 1, second transmission layer # 2) for the user UE1 are assigned to the allocation resource R11 (R13) to which the users UE1 and UE2 are allocated, and the head of the first orthogonal code W0
- code division multiplexing using 2 codes DM-RSs of a plurality of layers (first transmission layer # 1, second transmission layer # 2) for user UE2 are used, and subsequent 2 codes of first orthogonal code W0 are used. Code division multiplexing. In this way, the user UE1 and the user UE2 are multiplexed on the allocation resource R11 (R13).
- DM-RSs of a plurality of layers are second orthogonally crossed.
- Code division multiplexing is performed using the first two codes of code W1
- DM-RSs of a plurality of layers are subsequent to second orthogonal code W1.
- Code division multiplexing is performed using two codes.
- a plurality of users are orthogonally multiplexed in each allocation resource, and DM-RSs (first first) of each of the plurality of users are allocated between the allocation resource R11 (R13) and the allocation resource R12 adjacent in the frequency axis direction. Orthogonalization is achieved with respect to (transmission layer # 1, second transmission layer # 2) and (third transmission layer # 3, fourth transmission layer # 4).
- a plurality of layers (third transmission layer # 3, fourth transmission layer # 4) for the user UE1 also for the allocation resource R21 adjacent to the allocation resource R11 in the time axis direction.
- DM-RSs using the first two codes of the second orthogonal code W1 and DM-RSs of a plurality of layers (third transmission layer # 3, fourth transmission layer # 4) for the user UE2 Is code-division multiplexed using two subsequent codes of the second orthogonal code W1.
- the DM-RS first transmission layer # 1, second transmission layer # 2
- DM-RS third Orthogonalization is achieved with respect to transmission layer # 3 and fourth transmission layer # 4.
- orthogonalization between users is achieved between the allocated resource R12 and the allocated resource R22, and orthogonality between layers is achieved, and orthogonalization between users is also performed between the allocated resource R13 and the allocated resource R23. And orthogonality between layers are achieved.
- a radio communication method using downlink DM-RSs orthogonalized as described above, and embodiments of a radio base station apparatus and a radio terminal to which such a radio communication method is applied will be described.
- a radio access system targeting LTE and LTE-A will be described as an example, but application to other systems is not limited.
- a mobile communication system having a user terminal (for example, a mobile station) and a radio base station apparatus will be described with reference to FIG.
- the mobile communication system 1 is based on an LTE system, and a radio communication method using CRS, CQI-RS, and DM-RS as downlink reference signals is applied.
- the mobile communication system 1 includes a radio base station apparatus 20 and a plurality of user terminals 10 communicating with the radio base station apparatus 20 (10 1 , 10 2 , 10 3 ,... 10 n , n is an integer of n> 0) With.
- the radio base station apparatus 20 is connected to an upper station, for example, the access gateway apparatus 30, and the access gateway apparatus 30 is connected to the core network 40.
- the user terminal 10 communicates with the radio base station apparatus 20 in the cell 50.
- the access gateway device 30 may be referred to as an MME / SGW (Mobility Management Entity / Serving Gateway).
- a mobile station communicates wirelessly with a radio base station apparatus, but more generally a user terminal (UE: User Equipment) including both a mobile terminal and a fixed terminal.
- UE User Equipment
- OFDMA orthogonal frequency division multiple access
- SC-FDMA single carrier-frequency division multiple access
- OFDMA is a multi-carrier transmission scheme that performs communication by dividing a frequency band into a plurality of narrow frequency bands (subcarriers) and mapping data to each subcarrier.
- SC-FDMA is a single carrier transmission method that reduces interference between terminals by dividing a system band into bands each consisting of one or continuous resource blocks for each terminal, and a plurality of terminals using different bands. .
- a communication channel in the LTE system will be described.
- a reference signal for transmitting CRS, CQI-RS, and DM-RS which are downlink reference signals
- PDSCH physical downlink shared channel
- DM-RS is transmitted by the reference signal by applying the multiplexing method described above.
- a user data signal is transmitted through the physical downlink shared channel.
- DM-RS sequence information With the physical downlink control channel, DM-RS sequence information, scheduling information, user ID that performs communication using the physical downlink shared channel, and information on the transport format of the user data, that is, downlink scheduling information, and physical The user ID that performs communication using the uplink shared channel and the information on the transport format of the user data, that is, the uplink scheduling grant, etc. are notified.
- DM-RS sequence information when DM-RS is defined by indexes from transmission layer # 1 to transmission layer # 8, which index is used when single stream transmission is applied.
- the control signal To the user terminal by PDCCH or higher layer signaling. When applying multi-layer transmission, the control signal also notifies which index is used by other users multiplexed in the same resource block.
- broadcast channels such as Physical-Broadcast Channel (P-BCH) and Dynamic-Broadcast Channel (D-BCH) are transmitted.
- the information transmitted by the P-BCH is Master Information Block (MIB), and the information transmitted by the D-BCH is System Information Block (SIB).
- MIB Master Information Block
- SIB System Information Block
- the D-BCH is mapped to the PDSCH and transmitted from the radio base station apparatus 20 to the user terminal 10.
- a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) shared by each user terminal 10 and a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH: Physical-Uplink-Control-Channel) that is an uplink control channel are used.
- User data is transmitted through the physical uplink shared channel.
- the physical uplink control channel transmits precoding information for downlink MIMO transmission, acknowledgment information for downlink shared channels, downlink radio quality information (CQI: Channel Quality Indicator), and the like.
- a physical random access channel for initial connection and the like is defined.
- the user terminal 10 transmits a random access preamble on the PRACH.
- the radio base station apparatus 20 includes a plurality of transmission antennas # 1 to #N, and simultaneously transmits transmission data and downlink reference signals (including DM-RS) of each transmission layer from the plurality of transmission antennas.
- DM-RS downlink reference signals
- the actual number of transmission antennas is assumed to be eight. That is, the maximum number of transmission layers can be up to 8.
- the radio base station apparatus 20 generates a transmission data generation unit 21 that generates transmission data, an orthogonal RS sequence generation unit 22 that generates orthogonal DM-RSs, a multiplexing unit 23 that multiplexes transmission data and orthogonal DM-RSs, and a scramble code
- a scramble code generation unit 24 that performs the scrambling code multiplication by the orthogonal DM-RS and a scramble processing unit 25 that scrambles the scramble code.
- transmission data generation, orthogonal DM-RS generation, scrambling code generation, and transmission data and orthogonal DM-RS multiplexing are performed for each transmission layer.
- the transmission data generation unit 21 performs error correction coding and interleaver on the symbol series of the transmission data.
- a turbo code is defined as a code having error correction capability for encoding transmission data.
- the transmission data generation unit 21 performs error correction coding / interleaving on the transmission data, and then serial-parallel converts the transmission data sequence (n bits constituting one OFDM symbol) to generate a plurality of data signals for subcarrier modulation. Generate. Interleaving may be performed after a plurality of data signals are generated.
- the transmission data generation unit 21 further performs subcarrier modulation on a plurality of data signals in parallel. In subcarrier modulation, a modulation method such as BPSK, QPSK, or 16QAM is applied.
- Orthogonal DM-RSs corresponding to transmission layers # 1 to # 4 are generated by the orthogonal RS sequence generation unit 22 (# 1 to # 4).
- the orthogonal RS sequence generation unit 22 (# 1) generates an orthogonal DM-RS that is multiplexed with the transmission data of the transmission layer # 1.
- the orthogonal RS sequence generation unit 22 (# 1) multiplies the DM-RS sequence of the transmission layer # 1 by the first row ( ⁇ 1, ⁇ 1) of the first orthogonal code W0 to obtain the orthogonal DM-RS. Generate.
- the orthogonal RS sequence generation units 22 (# 2 to # 4) corresponding to the other transmission layers # 2 to # 4 receive the first orthogonal code W0 2 for the DM-RS sequence of the transmission layer # 2.
- the DM-RS sequence of the transmission layer # 3 is multiplied by the DM-RS sequence of the transmission layer # 3 by multiplying the DM-RS sequence of the transmission layer # 3 by the third row (1 1) of the first orthogonal code W0. Is multiplied by the fourth row (1 ⁇ 1) of the first orthogonal code W0.
- orthogonal DM-RSs that are orthogonal between the transmission layers # 1 to # 4 are generated.
- orthogonal DM-RSs corresponding to the transmission layers # 5 to # 8 are generated by the orthogonal RS sequence generation unit 22 (# 5 to # 8).
- the orthogonal RS sequence generation unit 22 (# 5) generates an orthogonal DM-RS that is multiplexed with the transmission data of the transmission layer # 5.
- the orthogonal RS sequence generation unit 22 (# 5) multiplies the DM-RS sequence of the transmission layer # 5 by the first row (1 1) of the second orthogonal code W1 to generate an orthogonal DM-RS.
- the orthogonal RS sequence generators 22 (# 6 to # 8) corresponding to the other transmission layers # 6 to # 8 perform the second orthogonal code W1 for each DM-RS sequence of the transmission layer # 6.
- the second orthogonal code W1 is multiplied by the third row ( ⁇ 1 ⁇ 1) of the second orthogonal code W1 for each DM-RS sequence of the transmission layer # 7.
- the eight DM-RS sequences are multiplied by the fourth row ( ⁇ 1/1) of the second orthogonal code W1 to generate orthogonal DM-RSs orthogonal between the transmission layers # 5 to # 8.
- the orthogonal DM-RSs of the four transmission layers # 1 to # 4 generated by the orthogonal RS sequence generation unit 22 (# 1 to # 4) as described above are assigned to the same allocation resource (R11, R13, R22), respectively. Is multiplexed. Therefore, in each allocation resource (R11, R13, R22), orthogonal DM-RSs of four transmission layers # 1 to # 4 are orthogonally multiplexed.
- the orthogonal DM-RSs of the transmission layers # 5 to # 8 generated by the orthogonal RS sequence generation unit 22 (# 5 to # 8) are multiplexed on the same allocation resource (R12, R21, R23), respectively. Therefore, in each allocation resource (R12, R21, R23), each orthogonal DM-RS of transmission layers # 5 to # 8 is orthogonally multiplexed.
- the DM-RS for four layers of transmission layers # 1 to # 4 and the DM-RS for four layers of transmission layers # 5 to # 8 are divided. 4 layers are multiplexed. Allocation resources (R12, R21, R23) in which the orthogonal DM-RSs of the transmission layers # 5 to # 8 are multiplexed and allocation resources (R11) in which the orthogonal DM-RSs of the transmission layers # 1 to # 4 are multiplexed , R13, and R22) are adjacent to each other in the frequency direction and also in the time direction. Therefore, in each of the transmission layers # 1 to # 4 and the transmission layers # 5 to # 8, DM-RSs adjacent in the frequency direction are orthogonal, and DM-RSs adjacent in the time direction are orthogonal. Become.
- “Un # n” is added after “22” for convenience.
- the first two codes of the first and second orthogonal codes W0 and W1 are applied to the user UE1, and the subsequent two codes are applied to the user UE2. Also, the first two codes of the first and second orthogonal codes W0 and W1 are applied to the user UE1, and the subsequent two codes are applied to the user UE2.
- the orthogonal DM-RSs corresponding to the transmission layers # 1 and # 2 of the user UE1 are generated by the orthogonal RS sequence generation unit 22 (U1 # 1 and U1 # 2).
- the orthogonal RS sequence generation unit 22 (U1 # 1) multiplies the DM-RS sequence of the transmission layer # 1 by the first code ( ⁇ 1 ⁇ 1) of the first orthogonal code W0 to obtain the orthogonal DM-RS.
- the orthogonal RS sequence generation unit 22 (U1 # 2) corresponding to the transmission layer # 2 performs the second row ( ⁇ 1 1) of the first orthogonal code W0 with respect to the DM-RS sequence of the transmission layer # 2.
- the orthogonal DM-RS corresponding to the transmission layer # 1 of the user UE2 is generated by the orthogonal RS sequence generation unit 22 (U2 # 1).
- the orthogonal RS sequence generation unit 22 (U2 # 1) multiplies the DM-RS sequence of the transmission layer # 1 by the code (11) of the third surface of the first orthogonal code W0 to generate the orthogonal DM-RS. Is generated.
- the orthogonal RS sequence generation unit 22 (U2 # 2) corresponding to the transmission layer # 2 performs the fourth row (1-1) of the first orthogonal code W0 with respect to the DM-RS sequence of the transmission layer # 2. Multiply
- the orthogonal DM-RS corresponding to the transmission layers # 3 and # 4 of the user UE1 is generated by the orthogonal RS sequence generation unit 22 (U1 # 3, U1 # 4).
- the orthogonal RS sequence generation unit 22 (U1 # 3) multiplies the DM-RS sequence of the transmission layer # 3 by the first code (1 1) of the second orthogonal code W1 to generate an orthogonal DM-RS.
- Orthogonal DM-RSs corresponding to the transmission layers # 3 and # 4 of the user UE2 are generated by the orthogonal RS sequence generation unit 22 (U2 # 3 and U2 # 4).
- the orthogonal RS sequence generation unit 22 (U2 # 3) multiplies the DM-RS sequence of the transmission layer # 3 by the third code ( ⁇ 1 ⁇ 1) of the second orthogonal code W1 to generate the orthogonal DM- Generate RS.
- the orthogonal RS sequence generation unit 22 (U2 # 4) corresponding to the transmission layer # 4 performs the fourth code ( ⁇ 1 of the second orthogonal code W1 on the DM-RS sequence of the transmission layer # 4. 1) is multiplied.
- the orthogonal DM-RSs of the transmission layers # 1 and # 2 generated by the orthogonal RS sequence generation unit 22 (U1 # 1, UE1 # 2) for the user terminal UE1 and the orthogonal RS sequence for the user terminal UE2 are multiplexed on the same allocation resource (R11, R13, R22), respectively.
- orthogonal DM-RSs of transmission layers # 3 and # 4 generated by the orthogonal RS sequence generation unit 22 (U1 # 3, UE1 # 4) for the user terminal UE1 and orthogonal RS sequence generation unit 22 are multiplexed on the same allocation resource (R12, R21, R23), respectively.
- the scramble code generation unit 24 generates a scramble code for randomizing neighboring cell interference.
- Two scrambling methods user-specific scrambling and cell-specific scrambling, can be applied.
- the user-specific scramble method is applied, the orthogonal DM-RS is scrambled using a scramble code assigned to the user.
- the scramble sequence may be determined by a user ID given for each user, or may be notified to the user terminal by higher layer signaling.
- the scramble code may be determined by the cell ID of the connected cell (cell that receives the PDCCH), or may be given from the connected cell by higher layer signaling (such as broadcast information).
- FIG. 6 shows the concept of the scramble method when the user-specific scramble method is applied.
- the scramble processing unit 25 includes two multiplication units 25a and 25b corresponding to orthogonal code sections.
- the same modulation symbol is multiplied to compensate so that the orthogonal code itself is not scrambled, and only the orthogonal codes are scrambled.
- one multiplication unit 25a multiplies (1, 1, 1, 1) as the same modulation symbol
- the other multiplication unit 25b uses (-1, -1, -1, -1) as the same modulation symbol. Multiply Thereby, it is scrambled between orthogonal codes, but not scrambled within the orthogonal code section.
- Equation (1) indicates that the reference signal sequence (RS) of the sequence i is repeated with the SF sequence for the orthogonal sequence (o) and scrambled with the cycle of SF.
- DM-RS can be orthogonalized even between users with different connected cells (different scramble sequences), which is effective for application of multi-user MIMO over a plurality of cells.
- FIG. 7 shows the concept of the scramble method when the cell-specific scramble method is applied.
- the scramble processing unit 25 multiplies the orthogonal code by the cell-specific scramble code.
- a scramble method for multiplying an orthogonal code by a cell-specific scramble code can be expressed by equation (2).
- RS (i) o (i ⁇ mod (SF)) ⁇ s (i) (2)
- the scrambling method (1) that scrambles only between orthogonal codes may be applied to the cell-specific scrambling method, or the scrambling method (2) that scrambles orthogonal codes is applied to the user-specific scrambling method. Also good.
- a scramble code that scrambles only between orthogonal codes without extending the orthogonal codes is expanded to a two-dimensional orthogonal code.
- a scramble method for maintaining two-dimensional (frequency direction, time direction) orthogonality can be expressed by equation (3).
- RS (t, f) o (t ⁇ mod (SF t ), f ⁇ mod (SF f )) S ( ⁇ t / SF t >>, ⁇ f / SF f >>) (3)
- the reference signal sequence (RS) is expressed in two dimensions of time (t) and frequency (f), and the orthogonal sequence (o) is repeated in the time domain with a period of SF t.
- the scrambling method scrambles for each resource block.
- the scramble method that maintains only the orthogonality in the time domain can be expressed by equation (4).
- RS (t, f) o (t ⁇ mod (SF t ), f ⁇ mod (SF f )) S ( ⁇ t / SF t >>, f) (4)
- the time domain is scrambled with a period of SF t , but the frequency domain is always scrambled. That is, the orthogonality of orthogonal codes is maintained in the time domain but not in the frequency domain.
- scrambling in units of resource blocks is a method that improves the scrambling effect in the frequency domain when the scrambling effect is insufficient.
- the scramble method that maintains only the orthogonality in the frequency domain can be expressed by equation (5).
- RS (t, f) o (t ⁇ mod (SF t ), f ⁇ mod (SF f )) S (t, ⁇ f / SF f >>) (5)
- the frequency domain is scrambled with a period of SF f , but the time domain is always scrambled. That is, the orthogonality of the orthogonal code is maintained in the frequency domain, but not maintained in the time domain.
- scrambling in resource block units is a method that improves the scrambling effect in the time domain when the scrambling effect is insufficient.
- the multiplexing unit 23 multiplexes transmission data and orthogonal DM-RS so as not to overlap one resource block.
- transmission data is mapped to white resource elements, and orthogonal DM-RSs are mapped to the allocation resources R11 to R13 and R21 to R23 described above.
- transmission data and orthogonal DM-RS are multiplexed for each transmission layer.
- the precoding unit 26 determines the precoding vector in consideration of fading variation so that the transmission layers simultaneously transmitted do not interfere with each other and are received at a high SINR at the user terminal.
- the user terminal selects and feeds back a PMI (Precoding Matrix Indicator) that maximizes the received SINR of each transmission layer.
- PMI Precoding Matrix Indicator
- the IFFT unit 27 performs inverse fast Fourier transform on a frequency domain transmission signal (subcarrier signal) in which transmission data and orthogonal DM-RS are subcarrier mapped.
- the frequency component signal assigned to the subcarrier is converted into a time component signal sequence by inverse fast Fourier transform. Thereafter, a cyclic prefix is added by the CP adding unit 28, power is amplified by the transmission amplifier 29, and then transmitted via the transmission antenna.
- a user terminal 10 receives a signal in which orthogonal DM-RSs and transmission data are multiplexed for each transmission layer.
- the received signal is input to the CP removing unit 31 to remove the cyclic prefix.
- the FFT unit 32 performs fast Fourier transform on the received signal from which CP has been removed, and converts a time-series signal component into a sequence of frequency components.
- the demultiplexer 33 performs subcarrier demapping on the received signal, transmits a reference signal for transmitting an RS sequence signal, a control channel for transmitting downlink control information (for example, PHICH, PDCCH), and transmission data.
- Separate shared channels eg PDSCH).
- the orthogonal DM-RS is input to the multilayer channel estimation unit 34.
- the PDSCH is input to a multi-layer demodulator 35 serving as a demodulator for downlink transmission data.
- the multi-layer channel estimation unit 34 uses the DM-RS sequence information obtained by decoding the PDCCH (or PDSCH) (or orthogonal RS set information, and information on the two-dimensional orthogonal code W) of the corresponding transmission layer. DM-RS is acquired, and channel estimation is performed for the transmission layer using DM-RS. The downlink transmission data is demodulated based on the multilayer channel estimation.
- the scramble information is notified by higher layer signaling.
- the scramble information includes frequency domain repetition period SF f , time domain repetition period SF t , and information for specifying a scramble code corresponding to each orthogonal code section.
- the multi-layer channel estimation unit 34 descrambles the DM-RS according to the notified scramble information.
- W [W0 W1]
- a two-dimensional orthogonal code may be generated by multiplying the orthogonal code and alternately switching the multiplication direction (the direction of the straight arrow in FIG. 9A) in the frequency domain (see FIG. 9B). Even with such a method, orthogonal codes can be generated by despreading processing in either time or frequency.
- FIGS. 14A and 14B are explanatory diagrams of orthogonalization when the number of transmission layers is two.
- the orthogonality of the DM-RS in the time direction and the frequency direction in the transmission layer # 1 is realized by switching the multiplication direction of the two-dimensional orthogonal code shown in FIG. Therefore, orthogonalization using the two-dimensional orthogonal code of the transmission layer # 2 will be described with reference to the two-dimensional orthogonal code of the transmission layer # 1.
- three allocation resources R51-R53 are arranged at equal intervals in the frequency direction in the resource block RB1, and are the same subcarrier as each allocation resource R51-R53 and have a predetermined symbol in the time direction.
- Allocated resources R61 to R63 are arranged apart from each other.
- three allocation resources R54-R56, R64-R66 are arranged in a similar arrangement interval in the resource block RB2 adjacent to the resource block RB1.
- the two-dimensional orthogonal code W 1 used in the transmission layer # 2 is orthogonal between layers with respect to the two-dimensional orthogonal code W 0 used in the transmission layer # 1.
- the two-dimensional orthogonal code W 0 of the reference transmission layer 1 is set to (1, 1), but the orthogonal relationship with the two-dimensional orthogonal code W 1 is clarified for convenience of explanation. This is just an example. Therefore, also in the transmission layer # 1, the DM-RS is orthogonal to the time direction and the frequency direction as in the transmission layer # 2.
- each code of the two-dimensional orthogonal code W 1 sequentially in the forward direction (Forward direction) in the time direction shown in the triangular arrow is multiplied.
- each symbol of the two-dimensional orthogonal code W 1 is sequentially multiplied in the forward direction (Forward direction) indicated by the triangular arrow to the consecutive symbols of the allocation resource R61.
- consecutive symbols of the allocation resources R52 and R62 adjacent to the allocation resources R51 and R61 in the frequency direction are sequentially two-dimensional orthogonal codes W 1 in the reverse direction (Reverse direction) in the time direction in which the multiplication directions are switched. Each code is multiplied.
- the resource element groups are allocation resources R51 and R61, allocation resources R52 and R62, allocation resources R53 and R63, allocation resources R54 and R64, allocation resources R55 and R65, and allocation resources R56 and R66, respectively.
- the code ( ⁇ 1) is mapped to the first resource element in the forward direction, and the code (1) is mapped to the subsequent resource element.
- the code ( ⁇ 1) is mapped to the first resource element in the forward direction, and the code (1) is mapped to the subsequent resource element. Therefore, between the allocation resources (R51, R61), DM-RSs are orthogonalized by two combinations of code (1, -1).
- allocation resource R52 code (1) is mapped to the first resource element in the reverse direction, and code ( ⁇ 1) is mapped to the subsequent resource element.
- allocation resource R62 code (1) is mapped to the first resource element in the reverse direction, and code ( ⁇ 1) is mapped to the subsequent resource element. Therefore, DM-RSs are orthogonalized between the allocation resources (R51, R52) and (R61, R62) by combining two sets of codes (1, -1). In addition, the same relationship is established between other allocated resources. In this way, by multiplying the two-dimensional orthogonal code W 1 in the time domain and switching the multiplication direction in the frequency domain, orthogonalization between the DM-RS time direction, frequency direction, and transmission layers # 1 and # 2 is realized. Is done.
- the multiplication direction of the two-dimensional orthogonal code in the frequency domain it is also possible to switch the multiplication direction of the two-dimensional orthogonal code in the frequency domain and the time domain as shown in FIG. That is, in the same transmission layer, a code of a two-dimensional orthogonal code is mapped to a resource element group of a downlink reference signal in the same frequency region, and the code mapping direction is between adjacent resource element groups in the frequency direction and the time direction.
- the resource element groups are the respective allocation resources R51 to R56, R61 to R66.
- the code (1) is mapped to the first resource element in the time direction, and the code ( ⁇ 1) is mapped to the subsequent resource element.
- the code ( ⁇ 1) is mapped to the first resource element in the time direction, and the code (1) is mapped to the subsequent resource element. Therefore, between the allocation resources (R51, R61), DM-RSs are orthogonalized by two combinations of code (1, -1).
- the code ( ⁇ 1) is mapped to the first resource element in the time direction, and the code (1) is mapped to the subsequent resource element. Therefore, DM-RSs are orthogonalized between the allocation resources (R51, R52) by two combinations of code (1, -1). In addition, the same relationship is established between other allocated resources. Even with such a configuration, it is possible to realize orthogonalization between the time direction, frequency direction, and transmission layers # 1 and # 2 of DM-RS.
- FIGS. 16A and 16B are explanatory diagrams of a first orthogonal pattern when the number of transmission layers is four.
- the orthogonalization of the DM-RS in the time direction and the frequency direction in the transmission layer # 1 is realized, and the higher-level transmission is based on the two-dimensional orthogonal code used in the transmission layer # 1.
- the orthogonalization in layers will be described.
- three allocation resources R7a to R7c are arranged at equal intervals in the frequency direction in the resource block RB1, and are the same subcarrier as each allocation resource R7a to R7c and have a predetermined symbol in the time direction.
- Allocated resources R8a to R8c are arranged apart by a number.
- three allocation resources R7d-R7l, R8d-R8l are also arranged in the resource blocks RB2, RB3, RB4 adjacent to the resource block RB1 at the same arrangement interval.
- the two-dimensional orthogonal codes X 1 , X 2 , and X 3 used in the transmission layers # 2, # 3, and # 4 are the two-dimensional orthogonal codes X 0 used in the transmission layer # 1. Is orthogonal between the layers.
- the two-dimensional orthogonal code X 0 of the reference transmission layer 1 is ( 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 ).
- the two-dimensional orthogonal codes X 1 , X 2 are used.
- X 3 is illustrated in order to clarify the orthogonal relationship with X 3 . Therefore, also in the transmission layer # 1, the DM-RS is orthogonal to the time direction and the frequency direction as in the transmission layer # 2.
- Each two-dimensional orthogonal code X 1 , X 2 , X 3 is described by dividing the first two codes (first code group) and the second two codes (second code group) separately.
- the first two codes correspond to triangular arrows indicating the mapping direction (multiplication)
- the second half codes correspond to ⁇ -shaped arrows indicating the mapping direction (multiplication).
- the first two codes is (1,1)
- a second half 2 code (1, -1, -1).
- using the two-dimensional orthogonal code X 2 of the transmission layer # 3 it will be described orthogonalization in the first orthogonal pattern.
- the first orthogonal pattern shown in FIG. 16A is a pattern formed by mapping to the resource element group in the order of the first half 2 code and the second half 2 code.
- each resource element group is a pair of allocation resources R8n and R7n. That is, this orthogonal pattern is realized by alternately assigning the first half 2 code and the second half 2 code of the two-dimensional orthogonal code X 2 in the time direction and the frequency direction, and by making the mapping direction reverse in the frequency direction.
- the second half code is mapped in the forward direction to the allocation resource R7a as indicated by the ⁇ -shaped arrow.
- the first two codes are mapped in the forward direction to the allocation resource R8a adjacent to the allocation resource R7a in the time direction, as indicated by a triangular arrow. Further, the first two codes are mapped in the reverse direction to the allocation resource R7b adjacent to the allocation resource R7a in the frequency direction, as indicated by a triangular arrow. Further, the latter two codes are mapped in the reverse direction to the allocation resource R8b adjacent to the allocation resource R8a in the frequency direction as indicated by the ⁇ -shaped arrow.
- the code (-1) is mapped to the first resource element in the time direction, and the code (-1) is mapped to the subsequent resource element.
- the code (1) is mapped to the first resource element in the time direction, and the code (1) is mapped to the subsequent resource element. Therefore, between the allocation resources (R7a, R8a), DM-RSs are orthogonalized by two combinations of codes (1, 1) and (-1, -1).
- the code (1) is mapped to the first resource element in the time direction, and the code (1) is mapped to the subsequent resource element.
- the code ( ⁇ 1) is mapped to the first resource element in the time direction, and the code ( ⁇ 1) is mapped to the subsequent resource element. Therefore, DM-RSs are orthogonalized between the allocation resources (R7a, R7b) and (R8a, R8b) by combining the two sets of codes (1, 1) and (-1, -1). Further, orthogonalization is similarly performed between other allocation resources and in other transmission layers. Thus, in the first orthogonal pattern, orthogonalization between the time direction, the frequency direction, and the transmission layers # 1 to # 4 of the DM-RS is realized.
- the peak power of the first orthogonal pattern cannot be made random in the first orthogonal pattern because the mapping direction in the frequency direction can be considered as the number of codes in the same direction. For example, between the allocation resources R8a to R81 adjacent in the frequency direction, (1, 1) is mapped to all the allocation resources in the Forward direction, so that the peak power is increased.
- FIGS. 17A and 17B are explanatory diagrams of a second orthogonal pattern when the number of transmission layers is four.
- the orthogonalization of the DM-RS in the time direction and the frequency direction in the transmission layer # 1 is realized, and the higher-level transmission is based on the two-dimensional orthogonal code used in the transmission layer # 1.
- the orthogonalization in layers will be described.
- using the two-dimensional orthogonal code X 2 of the transmission layer # 3 it will be described orthogonalization of the second orthogonal pattern.
- the second orthogonal pattern shown in FIG. 17A switches the order of the first two codes and the second two codes of the two-dimensional orthogonal code mapped to the resource element group for each of a plurality of resource blocks (here 2RB).
- 2RB resource blocks
- the second orthogonal pattern is realized by replacing the first two codes and the second two codes of the two-dimensional orthogonal code X 2 with the same pattern configuration as the first orthogonal pattern in units of two resource blocks RB.
- the number of RBs for exchanging the first half 2 code and the second half 2 code is not limited to 2 RBs.
- the second half code is mapped in the forward direction to the allocation resource R7a as indicated by the ⁇ -shaped arrow.
- the first two codes are mapped in the forward direction to the allocation resource R8a adjacent to the allocation resource R7a in the time direction, as indicated by a triangular arrow. Further, the first two codes are mapped in the reverse direction to the allocation resource R7b adjacent to the allocation resource R7a in the frequency direction, as indicated by a triangular arrow. Further, the latter two codes are mapped in the reverse direction to the allocation resource R8b adjacent to the allocation resource R8a in the frequency direction as indicated by the ⁇ -shaped arrow.
- the resource blocks RB1 and RB2 are the same as the first orthogonal pattern.
- the first half 2 code corresponding to the triangular arrow and the second half 2 code corresponding to the ⁇ arrow are interchanged.
- the first two codes are mapped to the allocated resource R7g in the forward direction as indicated by a triangular arrow.
- the second half code is mapped in the forward direction to the allocation resource R8g adjacent to the allocation resource R7g in the time direction, as indicated by the ⁇ -shaped arrow.
- the second half code is mapped in the reverse direction to the allocation resource R7h adjacent to the allocation resource R7g in the frequency direction, as indicated by the ⁇ -shaped arrow.
- the first two codes are mapped in the reverse direction to the allocation resource R8h adjacent to the allocation resource R8g in the frequency direction, as indicated by a triangular arrow.
- the code (-1) is mapped to the first resource element in the time direction, and the code (-1) is mapped to the subsequent resource element.
- the code (1) is mapped to the first resource element in the time direction, and the code (1) is mapped to the subsequent resource element. Therefore, between the allocation resources (R7a, R8a), the DM-RS is orthogonalized by the combination of the codes (1, 1) and (-1, -1). Thus, in the time direction, since the first half 2 code and the second half 2 code are combined, the orthogonality of DM-RS is maintained.
- the code (1) is mapped to the first resource element in the time direction, and the code (1) is mapped to the subsequent resource element.
- the code ( ⁇ 1) is mapped to the first resource element in the time direction, and the code ( ⁇ 1) is mapped to the subsequent resource element. Therefore, DM-RSs are orthogonalized between the allocation resources (R7a, R7b) and (R8a, R8b) by the combination of the codes (1, 1) and (-1, -1).
- the code (1) is mapped to the first resource element in the time direction, and the code (1) is mapped to the subsequent resource element.
- the code (1) is mapped to the first resource element in the time direction, and the code (1) is mapped to the subsequent resource element. Therefore, between the allocation resources (R7g, R7h), the DM-RS is not orthogonalized by two combinations of the code (1, 1).
- the code ( ⁇ 1) is mapped to the first resource element in the time direction, and the code ( ⁇ 1) is mapped to the subsequent resource element.
- the code ( ⁇ 1) is mapped to the first resource element in the time direction, and the code ( ⁇ 1) is mapped to the subsequent resource element. Therefore, between the allocation resources (R8g, R8h), the DM-RS is not orthogonalized by the two combinations of the codes (-1, -1).
- the first half 2 codes (second half 2 codes) are continuously mapped in the frequency direction between the resource blocks RB2 and RB3.
- DM-RS orthogonalization is realized (within RB3 and RB4), DM-RS orthogonalization is not realized in part of the frequency direction.
- details are omitted, in the transmission layers # 2 and # 4, orthogonalization in the time direction and frequency direction of DM-RS is realized.
- the peak power of the second orthogonal pattern is randomized compared to the first orthogonal pattern. That is, the second orthogonal pattern is randomized more than the first orthogonal pattern because the same pattern configuration as the first orthogonal pattern is replaced by the two latter-half codes of the two-dimensional orthogonal code in units of two resource blocks RB.
- FIG. 18A and 18B are explanatory diagrams of a third orthogonal pattern when the number of transmission layers is four.
- the orthogonalization of the DM-RS in the time direction and the frequency direction in the transmission layer # 1 is realized, and the higher-level transmission is based on the two-dimensional orthogonal code used in the transmission layer # 1.
- the orthogonalization in layers will be described.
- using the two-dimensional orthogonal code X 2 of the transmission layer # 3 it will be described orthogonalization in the third orthogonal pattern.
- the third orthogonal pattern shown in FIG. 18A is an orthogonal pattern obtained by switching the order of the first two codes and the second two codes of a two-dimensional orthogonal code mapped to the resource element group in one resource block. That is, in the third orthogonal pattern, the first half 2 code and the second half 2 code of the two-dimensional orthogonal code X 2 are alternately allocated in the time direction and the frequency direction in units of two allocated resources adjacent in the frequency direction and mapped in the frequency direction. This is realized by reversing the direction. For example, the second half code is mapped in the forward direction to the allocation resource R7a as indicated by the ⁇ -shaped arrow.
- the first two codes are mapped in the forward direction to the allocation resource R8a adjacent to the allocation resource R7a in the time direction, as indicated by a triangular arrow.
- the second half code is mapped in the reverse direction to the allocation resource R7b adjacent to the allocation resource R7a in the frequency direction as indicated by the ⁇ -shaped arrow.
- the first two codes are mapped in the reverse direction to the allocation resource R8b adjacent to the allocation resource R8a in the frequency direction, as indicated by a triangular arrow.
- the first two codes are mapped in the forward direction to the allocation resource R7c adjacent to the allocation resource R7b in the frequency direction, as indicated by a triangular arrow.
- the latter two codes are mapped in the forward direction as indicated by the ⁇ -shaped arrow.
- the first two codes are mapped in the Reverse direction as indicated by a triangular arrow.
- the latter two codes are mapped in the Reverse direction as indicated by the ⁇ -shaped arrow.
- the code (-1) is mapped to the first resource element in the time direction, and the code (-1) is mapped to the subsequent resource element.
- the code (1) is mapped to the first resource element in the time direction, and the code (1) is mapped to the subsequent resource element. Therefore, between the allocation resources (R7a, R8a), the DM-RS is orthogonalized by the combination of the codes (1, 1) and (-1, -1). Thus, in the time direction, since the first half 2 code and the second half 2 code are combined, the orthogonality of DM-RS is maintained.
- the code ( ⁇ 1) is mapped to the first resource element in the time direction, and the code ( ⁇ 1) is mapped to the subsequent resource element.
- the code (1) is mapped to the first resource element in the time direction, and the code (1) is mapped to the subsequent resource element. Therefore, between the allocation resources (R7a, R7b), the DM-RS is not orthogonalized by two combinations of the codes (-1, -1). Further, even between (R8a, R8b), DM-RSs are not orthogonalized by two combinations of code (1, 1).
- the code (1) is mapped to the first resource element in the time direction, and the code (1) is mapped to the subsequent resource element.
- the code ( ⁇ 1) is mapped to the first resource element in the time direction, and the code ( ⁇ 1) is mapped to the subsequent resource element. Therefore, between the allocation resources (R7b, R7c) and between the allocation resources (R8b, R8c), the DM-RS is orthogonalized by the combination of the codes (1, 1) and (-1, -1).
- the peak power of the third orthogonal pattern is further randomized compared to the first orthogonal pattern. That is, the third orthogonal pattern is further randomized than the first pattern because the first half 2 codes (second half 2 codes) are switched in units of two allocated resources adjacent in the frequency direction. For example, in the allocation resources R8a to R8f adjacent in the frequency direction, (1, 1) and (-1, -1) are alternately mapped to the allocation resources in the Forward direction. Therefore, an increase in peak power is further suppressed.
- FIGS. 19A and 19B are explanatory diagrams of a fourth orthogonal pattern when the number of transmission layers is four.
- the orthogonalization of the DM-RS in the time direction and the frequency direction in the transmission layer # 1 is realized, and the higher-level transmission is based on the two-dimensional orthogonal code used in the transmission layer # 1.
- the orthogonalization in layers will be described.
- using the two-dimensional orthogonal code X 2 of the transmission layer # 3 it will be described orthogonalization in the fourth orthogonal pattern.
- a code of a two-dimensional orthogonal code is mapped to a resource element group of a downlink reference signal in the same frequency region in the same transmission layer, and the code mapping direction is in the frequency direction. It is opposite for each of a plurality of adjacent resource element groups (here, two resource element groups), and the two-dimensional orthogonal code is divided into the first two codes and the second two codes, and the resources are arranged in the order of the first two codes and the second two codes.
- the orthogonal pattern is formed by switching the order of the first two codes and the second two codes of a two-dimensional orthogonal code mapped to an element group and mapped to a resource element group within one resource block.
- the first half 2 code and the second half 2 code of the two-dimensional orthogonal code X 2 are alternately allocated in the time direction and the frequency direction, and in the frequency direction, the mapping direction is reversed in units of two allocated resources. It is realized by doing.
- the second half code is mapped in the forward direction to the allocation resource R7a as indicated by the ⁇ -shaped arrow.
- the first two codes are mapped in the forward direction to the allocation resource R8a adjacent to the allocation resource R7a in the time direction, as indicated by a triangular arrow.
- the first two codes are mapped in the forward direction to the allocation resource R7b adjacent to the allocation resource R7a in the frequency direction, as indicated by a triangular arrow.
- the latter two codes are mapped in the forward direction to the allocation resource R8b adjacent to the allocation resource R8a in the frequency direction as indicated by the ⁇ -shaped arrow.
- the latter two codes are mapped in the reverse direction to the allocation resource R7c adjacent to the allocation resource R7b in the frequency direction, as indicated by the ⁇ -shaped arrow.
- the first two codes are mapped in the Reverse direction as indicated by a triangular arrow.
- the first two codes are mapped in the Reverse direction as indicated by a triangular arrow.
- the latter two codes are mapped in the Reverse direction as indicated by the ⁇ -shaped arrow.
- the code (-1) is mapped to the first resource element in the time direction, and the code (-1) is mapped to the subsequent resource element.
- the code (1) is mapped to the first resource element in the time direction, and the code (1) is mapped to the subsequent resource element. Therefore, between the allocation resources (R7a, R8a), the DM-RS is orthogonalized by the combination of the codes (1, 1) and (-1, -1). Thus, in the time direction, since the first half 2 code and the second half 2 code are combined, the orthogonality of DM-RS is maintained.
- the code (1) is mapped to the first resource element in the time direction, and the code (1) is mapped to the subsequent resource element.
- the code ( ⁇ 1) is mapped to the first resource element in the time direction, and the code ( ⁇ 1) is mapped to the subsequent resource element. Therefore, DM-RSs are orthogonalized between the allocation resources (R7a, R7b) and (R8a, R8b) by the combination of the codes (1, 1) and (-1, -1). The same result is obtained between other allocation resources and in other transmission layers. In this way, also in the fourth orthogonal pattern, orthogonalization between the time direction, the frequency direction, and the transmission layers # 1 to # 4 of DM-RS is realized.
- the peak power of the fourth orthogonal pattern is further randomized as compared to the first orthogonal pattern. That is, the fourth orthogonal pattern is more randomized than the first orthogonal pattern because the first half code and the second half code having the same mapping direction are adjacent to each other. For example, in the allocation resources R8a to R8f adjacent in the frequency direction, (1, 1) and (-1, -1) are alternately mapped to the adjacent allocation resources in the Forward direction. Therefore, an increase in peak power is further suppressed.
- the first orthogonal pattern achieves orthogonalization between the time direction, the frequency direction, and the transmission layers # 1 to # 4, but the peak power is random. It is not converted.
- the second and third orthogonal patterns although the orthogonalization of DM-RS is not realized in a part of the frequency direction, the peak power is randomized compared to the first orthogonal pattern.
- the fourth orthogonal pattern orthogonalization is realized in the time direction, the frequency direction, and between the transmission layers # 1 to # 4, and the peak power is randomized as compared with the first orthogonal pattern.
- a set of two codes (1) and two codes (-1) is mapped to resource elements arranged in the time direction and the frequency direction, so that the DM-RS transmission layers # 1- # 4
- the orthogonality between them, particularly the orthogonality to the transmission layer # 1, is realized in two dimensions in the time direction and the frequency direction.
- the configuration in which the direction in which the orthogonal code is multiplied in the time domain is alternately switched in the frequency domain has been described for generating a two-dimensional orthogonal code.
- a two-dimensional orthogonal code may be generated while cyclically shifting in a region.
- orthogonal codes can be generated by despreading processing in either time or frequency.
- the orthogonalization realized by the cyclic shift of the two-dimensional orthogonal code will be described.
- three allocation resources R91-R93 are arranged at equal intervals in the frequency direction, and are the same subcarrier as each allocation resource R91-R93 and predetermined in the time direction.
- Allocated resources R101-R103 are arranged as far as the number of symbols.
- three allocation resources R94-R96 and R104-R106 are arranged in a similar arrangement interval in the resource block RB2 adjacent to the resource block RB1.
- the two-dimensional orthogonal codes W 1 , W 2 , and W 3 used in the transmission layers # 2, # 3, and # 4 are the two-dimensional orthogonal codes W 0 used in the transmission layer # 1. Is orthogonal between the layers.
- Each code of each two-dimensional orthogonal code W 0 , W 1 , W 2 , W 3 is mapped while being shifted in a cyclic direction indicated by an arrow between a plurality of resource element groups arranged in the frequency direction.
- the resource element group is a pair of allocation resources 9n and 10n, respectively.
- Each resource element group 9n, the 10n, two-dimensional orthogonal each code of the code W 2 for each group is allocated only one code amount of cyclic shift in a two-dimensional orthogonal each code frequency direction code W 2 assigned to each group Has been. That is, the orthogonal pattern, a plurality of resource element groups arranged in the frequency direction, each resource element group toward the higher frequency side, each code of the two-dimensional orthogonal code W 2 is shifted by one code component by mapping This is realized.
- (1, 1, -1, -1) is mapped to the resource element groups R91 and R101, and (-1) is assigned to the resource element groups R92 and R102 that are adjacent to the resource element groups R91 and R101 in the frequency direction. 1, 1, -1) are mapped.
- the code ( ⁇ 1) is mapped to the first resource element in the time direction, and the code ( ⁇ 1) is mapped to the subsequent resource element.
- the code (1) is mapped to the first resource element in the time direction, and the code (1) is mapped to the subsequent resource element. Therefore, in the resource element groups R91, R101, each code of the two-dimensional orthogonal code W 2 is mapped. At this time, the codes of the two-dimensional orthogonal codes W 0 , W 1 , and W 3 are mapped also in the same resource element group in the other transmission layers # 1, # 2, and # 4. Therefore, in the resource element groups R91 and R101, orthogonality between the transmission layers with the other transmission layers # 1, # 2, and # 4 is realized in the frequency direction.
- the code ( ⁇ 1) is mapped to the first resource element in the time direction, and the code (1) is mapped to the subsequent resource element.
- the code ( ⁇ 1) is mapped to the first resource element in the time direction, and the code ( ⁇ 1) is mapped to the subsequent resource element.
- the code (1) is mapped to the first resource element in the time direction, and the code (-1) is mapped to the subsequent resource element.
- (1, -1, -1, 1) is mapped to the group consisting of the first resource elements in the time direction of the allocated resources R101 to R104, and (1, 1,--) is assigned to the group consisting of the subsequent resource elements. 1, -1) are mapped. That is, each code of the two-dimensional orthogonal code W 2 is mapped to the resource elements of the same subframe of the allocation resources R101 to R104 while being shifted by one code toward the head in the time direction. Thus, when each code of the two-dimensional orthogonal code W 2 is only one code amount cyclic shift in the frequency direction but also in the time direction, each code of the two-dimensional orthogonal code W 2 is cyclically shifted by one code component .
- each code of the two-dimensional orthogonal code W 0, W 1, W 3 is mapped is cyclically shifted by one code amount. Therefore, the allocation resources R101 to R104 can be orthogonalized between the transmission layers of the other transmission layers # 1, # 2, and # 4 even in the time direction. As described above, in this orthogonal pattern, orthogonality between DM-RS transmission layers # 1 to # 4 is realized in two dimensions in the time direction and the frequency direction.
- the peak power of the orthogonal pattern is orthogonalized between the transmission layers in a wide area over the four allocation resources, it is compared with a configuration that realizes orthogonalization between the transmission layers by switching the mapping direction of the two-dimensional orthogonal code. Randomized. Therefore, an increase in peak power is suppressed.
- orthogonality between the transmission layers # 1 to # 4 is realized in two dimensions in the time direction and the frequency direction, and the peak power is randomized. It is possible.
- a set of two codes (1) and two codes ( ⁇ 1) is mapped to resource elements arranged in the time direction and the frequency direction.
- the orthogonality between DM-RS transmission layers # 1 to # 4 is realized in two dimensions in the time direction and the frequency direction.
- the DM-RS is described as an example of the downlink reference signal.
- other types of downlink reference signals for example, CSI-RS (Channel State Information-Reference Signal) for CQI measurement and PMI selection are used.
- CSI-RS Channel State Information-Reference Signal
- PMI selection the same applies to the above.
- a code division multiplexing (CDM) method is applied as the CSI-RS multiplexing method.
- FIG. 10A and 10 (b) are conceptual diagrams showing an example of a downlink reference signal configuration proposed by the present inventors.
- two allocation resources R31 and R32 are arranged at equal intervals in the frequency direction within the same resource block, and are the same subcarrier as each allocation resource R31 and R32 and have a predetermined number of symbols in the time axis direction.
- Allocation resources R41 and R42 are arranged apart from each other.
- Each allocation resource is [1 subcarrier ⁇ 2 consecutive symbols].
- the size of the allocated resource is not limited and can be set flexibly as [2 subcarriers ⁇ 2 consecutive symbols].
- Each transmission resource is multiplexed with 4 transmission layer CSI-RSs.
- the two-dimensional orthogonal code is the same as the orthogonal code used when orthogonalizing the DM-RS.
- the CSI-RS multiplexed on the allocation resource (R31, R42) is multiplexed using the first orthogonal code W0, and the CSI-RS multiplexed on the allocation resource (R32, R41) uses the second orthogonal code W1. Are multiplexed.
- the CSI-RS multiplexed on the allocation resource is orthogonalized between the allocation resources (R31, R32) and the allocation resources (R41, R42) adjacent in the frequency axis direction. Further, the CSI-RS multiplexed on the allocation resource is orthogonalized between the allocation resources (R31, R41) adjacent in the time domain and between the allocation resources (R32, R42).
- CSI-RS can be orthogonalized between users using a two-dimensional orthogonal code in the same manner as DM-RS.
- two codes from the head of each of the first and second orthogonal codes W0 and W1 are allocated to the user UE1, and each subsequent two code is allocated to the user UE2.
- CSI-RS of the transmission layer of user UE1 and the transmission layer of user UE2 multiplexed on one allocation resource are mutually orthogonal.
- the CSI-RS of the allocation resource (R31, R42) is orthogonalized using the first orthogonal code W0
- the CSI-RS of the allocation resource (R32, R41) is orthogonalized using the second orthogonal code W1. Therefore, orthogonalization between users can be achieved even between allocated resources adjacent in the frequency axis direction and the time axis direction.
- the CSI-RS is orthogonalized using the same orthogonal code as the two-dimensional orthogonal code used for DM-RS orthogonalization.
- the present invention is not limited to this configuration. Any two-dimensional orthogonal code may be used as long as the CSI-RS can be orthogonalized between the frequency direction, the time direction, and between layers, and an orthogonal code different from the two-dimensional orthogonal code used for DM-RS orthogonalization is used. May be.
- the radio base station apparatus 40 according to the modification will be described with reference to FIG. In addition, in FIG. 11, about the structure which has the function same as the radio base station apparatus 20 which concerns on embodiment mentioned above, the same code
- the radio base station apparatus 40 includes a plurality of transmission antennas # 1 to #N, and simultaneously transmits transmission data and downlink reference signals (including CSI-RS) of each transmission layer from the plurality of transmission antennas.
- the actual number of transmission antennas is assumed to be eight. That is, the maximum number of transmission layers can be up to 8.
- the radio base station apparatus 40 includes a transmission data generation unit 21 that generates transmission data, an orthogonal CSI-RS sequence generation unit 41 that generates orthogonal CSI-RS, transmission data and orthogonal CSI-RS after precoding.
- a multiplexing unit 42 that multiplexes, a scramble code generation unit 43 that generates a scramble code, and a scramble processing unit 44 that scrambles the orthogonal CSI-RS by multiplying the scramble code.
- transmission data generation, orthogonal CSI-RS generation, scrambling code generation, and transmission data and orthogonal CSI-RS multiplexing are performed for each transmission layer.
- the orthogonal CSI-RS sequence generation unit 41 corresponding to the transmission layers # 1 to # 4 has the codes of the first orthogonal code W0 in the order of identification numbers (# 1 to # 4) with respect to the CSI-RS sequences of the respective transmission layers. In order from the top to generate an orthogonal CSI-RS. As a result, orthogonal CSI-RSs that are orthogonal between the transmission layers # 1 to # 4 are generated. Also, the orthogonal CSI-RS sequence generation unit 41 corresponding to the transmission layers # 5 to # 8 performs the second orthogonal code W1 in the order of the identification number (# 5 to # 8) with respect to the CSI-RS sequence of each transmission layer. The orthogonal CSI-RS is generated by multiplying the codes in order from the top. As a result, orthogonal CSI-RSs that are orthogonal between the transmission layers # 5 to # 8 are generated.
- CSI-RS for four layers of transmission layers # 1 to # 4 and CSI-RS for four layers of transmission layers # 5 to # 8 In each case, four layers are multiplexed. Also, each allocation resource (R32, R41) in which the orthogonal CSI-RSs of the transmission layers # 5 to # 8 are multiplexed, and an allocation resource (R31) in which the orthogonal CSI-RSs of the transmission layers # 1 to # 4 are multiplexed. , R42) are adjacent to each other in the frequency direction and also in the time direction.
- the CSI-RS adjacent in the frequency direction is orthogonal
- the CSI-RS adjacent in the time direction is orthogonal.
- three orthogonalization between a frequency direction, a time direction, and a layer is attained by a two-dimensional orthogonal code.
- the orthogonal CSI-RS sequence generation unit 41 corresponding to the transmission layer of the user terminal UE1 generates an orthogonal CSI-RS using the first two codes of the first and second orthogonal codes W0 and W1. Further, the orthogonal CSI-RS sequence generation unit 41 corresponding to the transmission layer of the user terminal UE2 generates an orthogonal CSI-RS using the subsequent two codes of the first and second orthogonal codes W0 and W1. As a result, the orthogonal CSI-RSs of the transmission layers # 1 and # 2 of the user terminal UE1 and the orthogonal CSI-RSs of the transmission layers # 1 and # 2 of the user terminal UE2 are multiplexed on the same allocation resource.
- orthogonal CSI-RSs of the transmission layers # 3 and # 4 of the user terminal UE1 and the orthogonal CSI-RSs of the transmission layers # 3 and # 4 of the user terminal UE2 are multiplexed on the same allocation resource.
- the CSI-RS for the four transmission layers # 1 and # 2 of the user terminals UE1 and UE2 and the four transmission layers # 3 and # 4 of the user terminals UE1 and UE2 It is divided into CSI-RS and each of them is multiplexed in 4 layers.
- the relationship with each allocation resource (R32, R41) in which each orthogonal CSI-RS is multiplexed is an arrangement relationship that is adjacent in the frequency direction and also adjacent in the time direction.
- CSI-RSs adjacent in the frequency direction are orthogonal and CSI-RSs adjacent in the time direction are Will be orthogonal.
- three orthogonalization between the frequency direction, the time direction, and the layers can be performed by the two-dimensional orthogonal code.
- the scramble code generation unit 43 generates a scramble code for randomizing neighboring cell interference.
- the scramble processing unit 44 multiplies the orthogonal CSI-RS by the scramble code by the same method as the scramble processing unit 25 according to the above-described embodiment. Therefore, the details of the scramble process are omitted.
- the scrambling method cell-specific scrambling can be applied.
- the scramble code may be determined by the cell ID of the connected cell (cell that receives the PDCCH), or may be given from the connected cell by higher layer signaling (such as broadcast information).
- the multiplexing unit 42 is provided after the precoding unit 26 and multiplexes the transmission data and the orthogonal CSI-RS so as not to overlap one resource block.
- transmission data and orthogonal CSI-RS are multiplexed for each transmission antenna.
- the IFFT unit 27 performs inverse fast Fourier transform on the transmission data (subcarrier signal) in the frequency domain in which transmission data and orthogonal CSI-RS are subcarrier mapped.
- the frequency component signal assigned to the subcarrier is converted into a time component signal sequence by inverse fast Fourier transform. Thereafter, a cyclic prefix is added by the CP adding unit 28, power is amplified by the transmission amplifier 29, and then transmitted via the transmission antenna.
- the user terminal 30 according to a modification of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 12, a configuration having the same function as that of the user terminal 10 according to the above-described embodiment will be described with the same reference numerals.
- the reception processing system of the user terminal 30 receives a signal obtained by multiplexing orthogonal CSI-RS and transmission data for each transmission layer.
- the cyclic prefix is removed from the received signal by the CP removing unit 31 and fast Fourier transform is performed by the FFT unit 32 to convert the time-series signal component into a sequence of frequency components.
- the received signal is subcarrier demapped in the demultiplexing unit 33, and a reference signal for transmitting an RS sequence signal, a control channel for transmitting downlink control information (eg, PHICH, PDCCH), and transmission data are transmitted.
- a reference signal for transmitting an RS sequence signal e.g, PHICH, PDCCH
- transmission data are transmitted.
- a control channel for transmitting downlink control information e.g, PHICH, PDCCH
- PDSCH shared channels
- the orthogonal CSI-RS is input to the CQI measurement unit 47 and the PMI selection unit 48.
- the PDSCH is input to a multi-layer demodulator 35 serving as a demodulator for downlink transmission data.
- the CQI measurement unit 47 uses the CSI-RS sequence information obtained by decoding the PDCCH (or PDSCH) (or orthogonal CSI-RS set information, and information related to the two-dimensional orthogonal code W) of the corresponding transmission layer. CSI-RS is acquired, and CQI is measured for the transmission layer using CSI-RS.
- the PMI selection unit 48 uses the CSI-RS sequence information obtained by decoding the PDCCH (or PDSCH) (or orthogonal CSI-RS set information, which is information related to the two-dimensional orthogonal code W) of the corresponding transmission layer. CSI-RS is acquired, and PMI is selected for the transmission layer using CSI-RS.
- CSI-RSs that are two-dimensionally mapped on a resource block can be orthogonalized by orthogonal codes between CSI-RSs that are adjacent in the frequency direction in the same transmission layer.
- the CSI-RSs adjacent in the direction can be orthogonalized with orthogonal codes, and the CSI-RSs mapped to the same allocation resource can be orthogonalized between transmission layers. That is, three orthogonalizations such as a frequency direction, a time direction, and between layers with respect to CSI-RS can be performed with a simple two-dimensional orthogonal code, and an increase in the number of transmission layers and orthogonalization between users are realized.
- a two-dimensional orthogonal code may be generated by multiplying the orthogonal code and alternately switching the multiplication direction (the direction of the straight arrow in FIG. 13A) in the frequency domain (see FIG. 13B). Even with such a method, orthogonal codes can be generated by despreading processing in either time or frequency.
- the present invention is applicable to a radio communication system including DM-RS and CSI-RS in downlink reference signals.
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Abstract
Description
本発明の1つの側面では、LTE-A端末において共通データチャネル(PDSCH)の復調に用いられるリファレンス信号であるDM-RS(Demodulation-Reference Signal)を送信レイヤ間で直交させる。送信レイヤ毎に送信データに多重されるDM-RSを複数送信レイヤ(4レイヤ、8レイヤ、それ以上)間で直交させるのに好適な下りリファレンス信号構成について説明する。また、送信レイヤ間で直交させるDM-RSをユーザ間で直交させるのに好適な下りリファレンス信号構成について説明する。
図1(a)に1リソースブロック当たりのDM-RSパターンを示す。同図には、LTEで規定された1リソースブロック当たりのサイズに合わせて、周波数領域が連続する12サブキャリアで構成され、1サブフレームが14シンボルで構成された1リソースブロックが図示されている。1リソースブロックに、送信データとDM-RSとが時間領域及び周波数領域で重ならないように多重されている。DM-RSは送信レイヤ毎に用意される。例えば、8送信レイヤの場合には各送信レイヤに対応して、合計で8つのDM-RSが生成される。1レイヤのDM-RSに割り当てられる無線リソース(時間領域及び周波数領域)(以下、「割当リソース」という)は[1サブキャリア×連続する2シンボル]である。但し、割当リソースのサイズは限定されるものではなく、[2サブキャリア×連続する2シンボル]のように柔軟に設定可能である。
あるシンボル位置(1サブフレーム内で連続する2シンボル)では、3つの割当リソースR11,R12,R13が周波数方向に等間隔で配置され、各割当リソースR11,R12,R13と同一サブキャリアであって時間軸方向に所定シンボル数だけ離れて3つの割当リソースR21,R22,R23が配置されている。
下りリンクについては、下りリファレンス信号であるCRS,CQI-RS,DM-RSを伝送するリファレンス・シグナルと、各ユーザ端末10で共有される物理下りリンク共有チャネル(PDSCH)と、物理下りリンク制御チャネル(下りL1/L2制御チャネル)とが用いられる。リファレンス・シグナルにより、上述した多重方法を適用してDM-RSが伝送される。物理下りリンク共有チャネルにより、ユーザデータの信号が伝送される。物理下りリンク制御チャネルにより、DM-RS系列情報、スケジューリング情報、物理下りリンク共有チャネルを用いて通信を行うユーザIDや、そのユーザデータのトランスポートフォーマットの情報、すなわち、Downlink Scheduling Information、及び、物理上りリンク共有チャネルを用いて通信を行うユーザIDや、そのユーザデータのトランスポートフォーマットの情報、すなわち、Uplink Scheduling Grantなどが通知される。DM-RS系列情報は、具体的にはDM-RSが送信レイヤ#1~送信レイヤ#8までインデックスで定義されている場合、シングルストリーム送信を適用する場合には、どのインデックスが用いられているかを、PDCCH又はハイヤー・レイヤーシグナリングでユーザ端末に通知する。マルチレイヤー送信を適用する場合、同一リソースブロックに多重される他ユーザがどのインデックスを用いているかについても制御信号で通知する。
ユーザUE1の送信レイヤ#1、#2に対応した直交DM-RSは、直交RS系列生成部22(U1#1、U1#2)で生成される。直交RS系列生成部22(U1#1)は、送信レイヤ#1のDM-RS系列に対して、第1の直交符号W0の先頭コード(-1 -1)を乗算して直交DM-RSを生成する。同様に、送信レイヤ#2に対応した直交RS系列生成部22(U1#2)は、送信レイヤ#2のDM-RS系列に対して第1の直交符号W0の2行目(-1 1)を乗算する。一方、ユーザUE2の送信レイヤ#1に対応した直交DM-RSは、直交RS系列生成部22(U2#1)で生成される。直交RS系列生成部22(U2#1)は、送信レイヤ#1のDM-RS系列に対して、第1の直交符号W0の3番面のコード(1 1)を乗算して直交DM-RSを生成する。同様に、送信レイヤ#2に対応した直交RS系列生成部22(U2#2)は、送信レイヤ#2のDM-RS系列に対して第1の直交符号W0の4行目(1 -1)を乗算する。
スクランブル処理部25は、直交符号区間に対応した2つの乗算部25a,25bで構成される。直交符号の区間では同一の変調シンボルを乗算して直交符号自体がスクランブルされないよう補償し、直交符号間だけをスクランブルする。たとえば、一方の乗算部25aは同一の変調シンボルとして(1,1,1,1)を乗算し、他方の乗算部25bは同一の変調シンボルとして(-1,-1,-1,-1)を乗算する。これにより、直交符号間ではスクランブルされるが、直交符号区間内ではスクランブルされないこととなる。
RS(i)=o(i・mod(SF))・s(《i/SF》) (1)
(1)式は、系列iのリファレンス信号系列(RS)が、直交系列(o)はSFの周期で繰り返し、スクランブルはSFの周期でスクランブルすることを表している。《i/SF》はSFをiで割った商を表す。
スクランブル処理部25は、セル固有のスクランブル符号を直交符号に乗算している。
セル固有のスクランブル符号を直交符号に乗算するスクランブル法は(2)式で表すことができる。
RS(i)=o(i・mod(SF))・s(i) (2)
なお、直交符号間のみをスクランブルする(1)式のスクランブル法をセル固有スクランブル法に適用してもよいし、直交符号をスクランブルする(2)式のスクランブル法をユーザ固有スクランブル法に適用してもよい。
2次元(周波数方向、時間方向)の直交性を維持するスクランブル法は、(3)式で表すことができる。
RS(t、f)=o(t・mod(SFt),f・mod(SFf))
・s(《t/SFt》,《f/SFf》) (3)
(3)式では、リファレンス信号系列(RS)を時間(t)と周波数(f)の2次元で表現しており、直交系列(o)は、時間領域はSFtの周期で繰り返し、周波数領域はSFfの周期で繰り返し、スクランブルに関しては時間領域はSFtの周期でスクランブルし、周波数領域はSFfの周期でスクランブルすることを表している。すなわち、リソースブロック毎でスクランブルするスクランブル法となる。
時間領域の直交性のみを維持するスクランブル法は、(4)式で表すことができる。
RS(t、f)=o(t・mod(SFt),f・mod(SFf))
・s(《t/SFt》,f) (4)
(4)式では、スクランブルに関しては時間領域はSFtの周期でスクランブルするが、周波数領域は常にスクランブルすることを表している。すなわち、直交符号の直交性は時間領域では維持されるが、周波数領域では維持されないことになる。(3)式で表すように、リソースブロック単位でスクランブルするのでは、スクランブル効果が不十分である場合に周波数領域でのスクランブル効果を改善した方法である。
RS(t、f)=o(t・mod(SFt),f・mod(SFf))
・s(t,《f/SFf》) (5)
(5)式では、スクランブルに関しては周波数領域はSFfの周期でスクランブルするが、時間領域は常にスクランブルすることを表している。すなわち、直交符号の直交性は周波数領域では維持されるが、時間領域では維持されないことになる。(3)式で表すように、リソースブロック単位でスクランブルするのでは、スクランブル効果が不十分である場合に時間領域でのスクランブル効果を改善した方法である。
ユーザ端末10の受信処理系は、上記したように直交DM-RSと送信データとが送信レイヤ毎に多重した信号を受信する。受信信号がCP除去部31に入力されてサイクリックプレフィックスが除去される。FFT部32は、CP除去された受信信号を高速フーリエ変換して時系列の信号成分を周波数成分の列に変換する。分離部33は、受信信号をサブキャリアデマッピングして、RS系列信号を送信しているリファレンス・シグナル、下り制御情報を送信している制御チャネル(例えば、PHICH,PDCCH)、送信データを送信している共有チャネル(例えば、PDSCH)を分離する。
Claims (21)
- 複数の送信アンテナと、
周波数方向及び時間方向の2次元方向でそれぞれ隣接する同一送信レイヤの下りリファレンス信号間が直交化し、かつ同一無線リソースに割り当てられた異なる送信レイヤの下りリファレンス信号間が直交化した直交リファレンス信号を、2次元直交符号を基にして生成するリファレンス信号生成部と、
同一送信レイヤの前記直交下りリファレンス信号と送信データとを多重する多重部と、
前記多重部で前記直交下りリファレンス信号と送信データとを多重して得られた送信信号を前記複数の送信アンテナから複数送信レイヤで同時送信する送信部と、
を具備したことを特徴とする無線基地局装置。 - 周波数方向及び時間方向の2次元方向でそれぞれ隣接する個々の無線リソースに、互いに異なる送信レイヤの下りリファレンス信号を符号多重したことを特徴とする請求項1記載の無線基地局装置。
- 周波数方向及び時間方向の2次元方向でそれぞれ隣接する個々の無線リソースに、異なるユーザ端末の下りリファレンス信号を複数の送信レイヤに亘り符号多重したことを特徴とする請求項1記載の無線基地局装置。
- 前記リファレンス信号生成部は、前記2次元直交符号が、一回に多重される送信レイヤ数及び又はユーザ数に対応した数の直交コードからなる第1の直交符号W0と、前記第1の直交符号と対応する数の直交コードからなり各コードが前記第1の直交符号の対応するコードとそれぞれ直交した第2の直交符号W1とで構成され、前記第1の直交符号W0に基づいて生成された直交下りリファレンス信号と前記第2の直交符号W1に基づいて生成された直交下りリファレンス信号が時間方向及び周波数方向に交互に繰り返すことを特徴とする請求項1記載の無線基地局装置。
- 前記リファレンス信号生成部は、時間領域で直交符号を乗算する方向を周波数領域で交互に入れ替えて2次元直交符号を生成することを特徴とする請求項1記載の無線基地局装置。
- 前記リファレンス信号生成部は、直交コードを周波数領域で巡回シフトさせながら2次元直交符号を生成することを特徴とする請求項1記載の無線基地局装置。
- 前記リファレンス信号生成部で生成された直交リファレンス信号を、セル固有のスクランブル符号を用いてスクランブルするスクランブル手段を備えたことを特徴とする請求項1記載の無線基地局装置。
- 前記リファレンス信号生成部で生成された直交リファレンス信号を、ユーザ固有のスクランブル符号を用いてスクランブルするスクランブル手段を備えたことを特徴とする請求項1記載の無線基地局装置。
- 前記スクランブル手段は、直交符号の区間では、直交性を維持するようにスクランブルすることを特徴とする請求項5記載の無線基地局装置。
- 前記スクランブル手段は、周波数領域及び時間領域の2次元の直交性を維持することを特徴とする請求項5記載の無線基地局装置。
- 前記スクランブル手段は、時間領域の直交性のみを維持するスクランブルであることを特徴とする請求項5記載の無線基地局装置。
- 前記スクランブル手段は、周波数領域の直交性のみを維持するスクランブルであることを特徴とする請求項5記載の無線基地局装置。
- 複数の送信アンテナと、
周波数方向及び時間方向の2次元方向でそれぞれ隣接する同一送信レイヤの下りリファレンス信号間が直交化し、かつ同一無線リソースに割り当てられた異なる送信レイヤの下りリファレンス信号間が直交化した直交リファレンス信号を、2次元直交符号を基にして生成するリファレンス信号生成部と、
同一送信レイヤの前記直交下りリファレンス信号と送信データとを多重する多重部と、
前記多重部で前記直交下りリファレンス信号と送信データとを多重して得られた送信信号を前記複数の送信アンテナから複数送信レイヤで同時送信する送信部と、
を具備し、
前記リファレンス信号生成部は、同一送信レイヤにおいて、同一周波数領域の下りリファレンス信号のリソースエレメントグループに、前記2次元直交符号のコードをマッピングし、前記コードのマッピング方向が周波数方向における隣接するリソースエレメントグループ間で反対であることを特徴とする無線基地局装置。 - 複数の送信アンテナと、
周波数方向及び時間方向の2次元方向でそれぞれ隣接する同一送信レイヤの下りリファレンス信号間が直交化し、かつ同一無線リソースに割り当てられた異なる送信レイヤの下りリファレンス信号間が直交化した直交リファレンス信号を、2次元直交符号を基にして生成するリファレンス信号生成部と、
同一送信レイヤの前記直交下りリファレンス信号と送信データとを多重する多重部と、
前記多重部で前記直交下りリファレンス信号と送信データとを多重して得られた送信信号を前記複数の送信アンテナから複数送信レイヤで同時送信する送信部と、
を具備し、
前記リファレンス信号生成部は、同一送信レイヤにおいて、同一周波数領域の下りリファレンス信号のリソースエレメントグループに、前記2次元直交符号のコードをマッピングし、前記コードのマッピング方向が周波数方向および時間方向における隣接するリソースエレメントグループ間で反対であることを特徴とする無線基地局装置。 - 前記2次元直交符号を第1コード群及び第2コード群に分割し、第1コード群、第2コード群の順序で前記リソースエレメントグループにマッピングすることを特徴とする請求項13記載の無線基地局装置。
- 複数のリソースブロック毎に、前記リソースエレメントグループにマッピングする前記2次元直交符号の前記第1コード群および前記第2コード群の順序を切り替えることを特徴とする請求項15記載の無線基地局装置。
- 1リソースブロック内で、前記リソースエレメントグループにマッピングする前記2次元直交符号の前記第1コード群および前記第2コード群の順序を切り替えることを特徴とする請求項15記載の無線基地局装置。
- 複数の送信アンテナと、
周波数方向及び時間方向の2次元方向でそれぞれ隣接する同一送信レイヤの下りリファレンス信号間が直交化し、かつ同一無線リソースに割り当てられた異なる送信レイヤの下りリファレンス信号間が直交化した直交リファレンス信号を、2次元直交符号を基にして生成するリファレンス信号生成部と、
同一送信レイヤの前記直交下りリファレンス信号と送信データとを多重する多重部と、
前記多重部で前記直交下りリファレンス信号と送信データとを多重して得られた送信信号を前記複数の送信アンテナから複数送信レイヤで同時送信する送信部と、
を具備し、
前記リファレンス信号生成部は、同一送信レイヤにおいて、同一周波数領域の下りリファレンス信号のリソースエレメントグループに、前記2次元直交符号のコードをマッピングし、前記コードのマッピング方向が周波数方向における隣接する複数のリソースエレメントグループ毎で反対であり、
前記2次元直交符号を第1コード群および第2コード群に分割し、第1コード群、第2コード群の順序で前記リソースエレメントグループにマッピングし、1リソースブロック内で、前記リソースエレメントグループにマッピングする前記2次元直交符号の前記第1コード群および前記第2コード群の順序を切り替えることを特徴とする無線基地局装置。 - 複数の送信アンテナと、
周波数方向及び時間方向の2次元方向において、同一無線リソースに割り当てられた異なる送信レイヤの下りリファレンス信号間が直交化した直交リファレンス信号を、2次元直交符号を基にして生成するリファレンス信号生成部と、
同一送信レイヤの前記直交下りリファレンス信号と送信データとを多重する多重部と、
前記多重部で前記直交下りリファレンス信号と送信データとを多重して得られた送信信号を前記複数の送信アンテナから複数送信レイヤで同時送信する送信部と、
を具備し、
前記リファレンス信号生成部は、同一送信レイヤにおいて、同一周波数領域の下りリファレンス信号のリソースエレメントグループに、前記2次元直交符号のコードをマッピングし、前記コードは、周波数方向に配置された複数のリソースエレメントグループ間で巡回シフトしながらマッピングされることを特徴とする無線基地局装置。 - 複数の受信アンテナと、
前記複数の受信アンテナで同時受信された複数送信レイヤの受信信号から、周波数方向及び時間方向の2次元方向でそれぞれ隣接する同一送信レイヤの下りリファレンス信号間が直交化され、かつ同一無線リソースに割り当てられた異なる送信レイヤの下りリファレンス信号間が直交化された直交リファレンス信号を分離する分離手段と、
前記分離手段で分離された各送信レイヤの直交リファレンス信号に基づいて各送信レイヤのチャネル推定するチャネル推定部と、
前記チャネル推定部による各レイヤのチャネル推定結果に基づいて各レイヤの送信データを復調する復調手段と、
を具備する移動局装置。 - 周波数方向及び時間方向の2次元方向でそれぞれ隣接する同一送信レイヤの下りリファレンス信号間が直交化し、かつ同一無線リソースに割り当てられた異なる送信レイヤの下りリファレンス信号間が直交化した直交リファレンス信号を、2次元直交符号を基にして生成するステップと、
同一送信レイヤの前記直交下りリファレンス信号と送信データとを多重するステップと、
前記直交下りリファレンス信号と送信データとを多重して得られた送信信号を複数送信レイヤで同時送信するステップと、
を具備したことを特徴とする無線通信方法。
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US20150304076A1 (en) * | 2009-04-22 | 2015-10-22 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Apparatus and method for transmitting a reference signal in a wireless communication system |
US10218481B2 (en) * | 2009-04-22 | 2019-02-26 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Apparatus and method for transmitting a reference signal in a wireless communication system |
US10419184B2 (en) | 2009-04-22 | 2019-09-17 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Apparatus and method for transmitting a reference signal in a wireless communication system |
US11005627B2 (en) | 2009-04-22 | 2021-05-11 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Apparatus and method for transmitting a reference signal in a wireless communication system |
JP2011142406A (ja) * | 2010-01-05 | 2011-07-21 | Ntt Docomo Inc | 無線基地局装置、移動端末装置及び無線通信方法 |
US20130343320A1 (en) * | 2011-03-07 | 2013-12-26 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Terminal device, base station device, and wireless communication system |
JP2013158013A (ja) * | 2013-03-19 | 2013-08-15 | Ntt Docomo Inc | 無線基地局装置、移動端末装置、無線通信方法及び無線通信システム |
US20210336832A1 (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2021-10-28 | Qualcomm Incorporated | User equipment initiated data aided phase tracking reference signals on multiple layers of a communication link |
US11784865B2 (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2023-10-10 | Qualcomm Incorporated | User equipment initiated data aided phase tracking reference signals on multiple layers of a communication link |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
MX2011013369A (es) | 2012-04-20 |
JP2011120190A (ja) | 2011-06-16 |
US9048914B2 (en) | 2015-06-02 |
BRPI1013271A2 (pt) | 2019-04-02 |
US20120155423A1 (en) | 2012-06-21 |
RU2012101075A (ru) | 2013-07-27 |
KR101313029B1 (ko) | 2013-10-01 |
EP2448156B1 (en) | 2017-03-08 |
IL216917A (en) | 2016-02-29 |
CN102804658A (zh) | 2012-11-28 |
EP2448156A1 (en) | 2012-05-02 |
PT2448156T (pt) | 2017-03-29 |
JP5198480B2 (ja) | 2013-05-15 |
RU2521004C2 (ru) | 2014-06-27 |
IL216917A0 (en) | 2012-02-29 |
CN102804658B (zh) | 2016-05-04 |
EP2448156A4 (en) | 2016-01-13 |
KR20120023824A (ko) | 2012-03-13 |
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