WO2010139191A1 - 一种高酰基结冷胶的后提取方法 - Google Patents

一种高酰基结冷胶的后提取方法 Download PDF

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WO2010139191A1
WO2010139191A1 PCT/CN2010/000784 CN2010000784W WO2010139191A1 WO 2010139191 A1 WO2010139191 A1 WO 2010139191A1 CN 2010000784 W CN2010000784 W CN 2010000784W WO 2010139191 A1 WO2010139191 A1 WO 2010139191A1
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Prior art keywords
gellan gum
acyl gellan
post
high acyl
gum according
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PCT/CN2010/000784
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王雪刚
吴荣明
章志明
王佳良
许怀远
沈煜斌
杨利强
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浙江帝斯曼中肯生物科技有限公司
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Application filed by 浙江帝斯曼中肯生物科技有限公司 filed Critical 浙江帝斯曼中肯生物科技有限公司
Priority to US13/142,379 priority Critical patent/US8864994B2/en
Priority to JP2012513453A priority patent/JP2012528903A/ja
Priority to EP10782895.6A priority patent/EP2351778B1/en
Publication of WO2010139191A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010139191A1/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12PFERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P19/00Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals
    • C12P19/04Polysaccharides, i.e. compounds containing more than five saccharide radicals attached to each other by glycosidic bonds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08BPOLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
    • C08B37/00Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups C08B1/00 - C08B35/00; Derivatives thereof
    • C08B37/0003General processes for their isolation or fractionation, e.g. purification or extraction from biomass
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08BPOLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
    • C08B37/00Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups C08B1/00 - C08B35/00; Derivatives thereof
    • C08B37/006Heteroglycans, i.e. polysaccharides having more than one sugar residue in the main chain in either alternating or less regular sequence; Gellans; Succinoglycans; Arabinogalactans; Tragacanth or gum tragacanth or traganth from Astragalus; Gum Karaya from Sterculia urens; Gum Ghatti from Anogeissus latifolia; Derivatives thereof

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of microbial fermentation, in particular to a post extraction method of high acyl gellan gum. Background technique
  • Gellan gum is a kind of bacteria isolated from nature through extensive screening... - Phytophthora capsici
  • the molecular structure of gellan gum is a main chain composed of repeating book tetrasaccharide units.
  • the monosaccharides involved are glucose, rhamnose and glucuronic acid.
  • a high acyl gellan gum both substituents, acetyl substituent and glyceryl substituent, are present. Both groups are located on the same glucose residue, with one glyceryl substituent per repeat unit and one acetyl substituent per two repeat units.
  • the acyl group is completely removed.
  • the acyl group has a significant effect on the properties of the gel.
  • the high acyl form produces a soft, elastic and non-brittle gel
  • the low acyl gellan gum produces a solid, non-elastic, but very brittle gel.
  • Corresponding gels are also available in two forms, depending on the product.
  • One is a low acyl gellan gum, that is, the acyl group on the backbone of the gellan gum is completely or partially removed; the other is a natural gellan gum, that is, a high acyl gellan gum.
  • High acyl gellan gum can exert good gelation, shaping, fixation and conjunctival effects.
  • high acyl gellan gum has the following characteristics: It is a shear-reversible, thermoreversible gel with excellent fragrance emission. It is a kind of elastic gel and can enhance the taste. It can be used in combination with other hydrosols, synergistic with starch and has excellent shaping effect. Therefore, high acyl gellan gum can be widely used in the pharmaceutical, chemical and food industries, and is a good substitute for carrageenan, agar, pectin and other hydrophilic colloids, and has broad market prospects.
  • the high acyl gellan gum produced by this process has poor appearance, low purity, low gel strength and poor solubility.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method for extracting high acyl gellan gum from a gellan gum fermentation broth with low production cost and good product quality.
  • the method for extracting the high acyl gellan gum of the invention comprises enzymatic treatment of the gellan gum fermentation broth, acid flocculation, washing of the solid fiber material after solid-liquid separation, re-solid-liquid separation, dry pulverization of the solid material, and the specific steps thereof are -
  • Step (1) the fermentation broth after the enzyme treatment is cooled, acid flocculation, solid-liquid separation
  • the solid fibrous material obtained by the step (2) solid-liquid separation is first washed with a low or non-polar solvent, solid-liquid separation, and then the solid fibrous material is washed with a lower alcohol, and then solid-liquid separation;
  • the solid material obtained in the step (3) is dried and pulverized to obtain a high acyl gellan gum product.
  • the material in the step (1) is cooled to below 35 ° C, and the pH is adjusted to 1.5 to 4 to form a fibrous flocculation, solid-liquid separation;
  • step (3) Low or non-polar solvent washing, adding 1 ⁇ 2 times of low or non-polar solvent to the material prepared in step (2), adjusting pH 4.5 ⁇ 8 with alkali, washing for 2h, Solid-liquid sound separation;
  • step (3.2) Lower alcohol washing, the material obtained in the step (3.1) is added with 4 to 5 times the amount of the lower alcohol by weight, washed for 2 hours, and separated by solid and liquid.
  • the product obtained in the step (3) is vacuum dried at 75 to 80 ° C and pulverized to obtain a high acyl gellan gum product.
  • the enzyme used in the step 1 is one or a combination of a neutral protease, an alkaline protease, an acid protease, papain, lysozyme, and a uniform high temperature enzyme used. If it is a combination of various enzymes, it can be mixed in any ratio. A combination of alkaline protease and lysozyme is preferred in a weight ratio of 5:1.
  • the concentration of the acid used in step 1 is 10%.
  • the acid used in the step 2 is one selected from the group consisting of acetic acid, citric acid, hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid. Acetic acid is preferred.
  • the solid-liquid separation equipment is a box type polypropylene plate frame filter press.
  • the low or non-polar solvent is one of acetone, butanone, diethyl ether, and hexamethylene. Preference is given to acetone.
  • the concentration of the base used to adjust the pH in step 3.1 is 10%.
  • the base used for the pH adjustment in step 3.1 is one selected from the group consisting of NaOH, KOH, Na 2 CO a and K 2 C ⁇ 3 .
  • the lower alcohol is selected from one of methanol, ethanol and isopropanol.
  • the equipment for solid-liquid separation in step 3 is a screw press.
  • the temperature for vacuum drying in step 4 is 75 to 80 °C.
  • the vacuum degree of vacuum drying in step 4 was -0.09 mp.
  • the vacuum drying time in step 4 was 1.5 h.
  • the final gelatinization fermentation broth of the fermentation is stirred, and 100PPM of alkaline protease and lysozyme are added to the mixture, and the temperature is raised to 55 ° C, stirred for 5 hours, and cooled to 32 ° C;
  • the filter cake obtained from B is added with 2 times the amount of acetone by weight, and the pH is adjusted to 6.0 by adding 10% NaOH. After stirring for 2 hours, the pump is driven into a screw press for solid-liquid separation, and the liquid is rectified. The column recovers acetone and the solids go to the next step;
  • the material obtained from C is added with 4 times the amount of ethanol by weight. After stirring for 2 hours, the pump is driven into a screw press for solid-liquid separation. The liquid is recovered through the rectification column, and the solid is taken to the next step.
  • the fibrous solid obtained from D is vacuum dried, the drying temperature is 78 ° C, the vacuum degree is -0.09 mp, and the drying time is 1.5 h. After drying, it is pulverized by a pulverizer to obtain a white-like powder, which is a high acyl gellan gum. product.
  • Example 2 A The final gelatinization fermentation broth of the fermentation is added, 100 PPM of papain is added with stirring, the temperature is raised to 55 ° C, stirred for 5 h, and the temperature is lowered to 30 ° C;
  • the filter cake obtained from B is added with 5 times the amount of diethyl ether by weight, and the pH is adjusted to 5.3 by adding 10% KOH. After stirring for 2 hours, the pump is driven into a screw press for solid-liquid separation, and the body is rectified. The column recovers ether and the solids go to the next step;
  • the fibrous solid obtained by D is vacuum dried, the drying temperature is 80 ° C, the vacuum degree is -0.09 mp, the drying time is 1.5 h, and after drying, it is pulverized by a pulverizer to obtain a white powder which is a high acyl gellan gum product. .
  • the overall process of the present invention has lower energy consumption than the original process.
  • the present invention uses only an organic acid during flocculation and precipitation, and does not introduce new calcium ions or other alkali metal ion impurities.
  • the quality of the products has been greatly improved and reached the advanced level in foreign countries.
  • the product has good appearance, high purity, high gel strength and greatly improved solubility. Specifically, the following table is shown:; the prior art of the high acyl gellan gum in the prior art

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Description

一种高酰基结冷胶的后提取方法 技术领域
本发明涉及微生物发说酵领域, 特别是一种高酰基结冷胶的后提取方法。 背景技术
结冷胶是一种从自然界中通过广泛筛选分离的细菌… -少动鞘脂单胞菌
(Sphingomonas paucimobilis ) 发酵生产而来的亲水性胶体, 具有多种有用的特 性。
结冷胶的分子基本结构是一条主链, 由重复的书四糖单元构成, 参与形成的 单糖有葡萄糖、 鼠李糖及葡萄糖醛酸。 在结冷胶的原始形态即高酰基结冷胶中, 两种取代基一一乙酰取代基和甘油酰取代基都是存在的。 两个基团都位于相同 的葡萄糖残基上, 每个重复单元有一个甘油酰取代基, 每两个重复单元有一个 乙酰取代基。 在低酰基结冷胶中, 酰基基团被彻底移除。 酰基基团对凝胶的性 质有很显著的影响, 高酰基型可以产生柔软、 富有弹性和不具有脆性的凝胶, 而低酰基结冷胶产生的是坚实、 不具有弹性, 但是很脆的凝胶。
对应于商品而言, 结冷胶也有两种形式。一种是低酰基结冷胶, 即结冷胶分 子主链上的酰基被完全或部分脱除; 另一种是天然的结冷胶, 即高酰基结冷胶。
高酰基结冷胶能发挥良好的胶凝、 赋形、 固定及结膜作用, 同时高酰基结 冷胶具有以下特色: 是一种剪切可逆、 热可逆的凝胶, 并且具有极好的香料散 发性能, 可与其他水溶胶共用、 与淀粉有协同作用、 有极佳的赋形作用, 是一 种弹性凝胶, 并能增强口感。 因此, 高酰基结冷胶可以广泛应用于医药、 化工 和食品工业中, 是卡拉胶、 琼脂、 果胶和其他亲水性胶体的良好替代产品, 具 有广阔的市场前景。 目前, 国外对高酰基结冷胶的生产专属于美国 CP Kdco公司, 其生产方法 在国内没有专利文献报道。 国内高酰基结冷胶的提取方法是先高温灭菌, 再加 碱金属氯化物和异丙醇进行絮凝沉淀(张禹等, 高酰基结冷胶的后提取方法 , 中国专利公开号: CN1687437A)。 该工艺存在如下不足:
1. 该方案在絮凝沉淀时, 由于使用了氯化钙, 引入了新的杂质;
2. 使用该工艺制得的高酰基结冷胶, 产品外观差、 纯度低、 产品凝胶强度 低且溶解性差。 发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种生产成本低, 产品质量较好的从结冷胶发酵液中 提取高酰基结冷胶的方法。
本发明的整体技术构思是:
本发明的高酰基结冷胶的提取方法包括结冷胶发酵液的酶处理、 酸絮凝、 固 液分离后固体纤维料的洗涤、 再固液分离、 固体物料的干燥粉碎, 其具体步骤 为-
( 1 ) 发酵液的酶处理;
向发酵液中加入酶制剂, 升温反应;
(2) 发酵液的酸絮凝;
将步骤 (1 ) 酶处理后的发酵液降温, 加酸絮凝, 固液分离;
(3 ) 纤维料的洗涤;
将步骤 (2) 固液分离后获得的固体纤维状料先用低或非极性溶剂洗涤, 固 液分离, 再用低级醇将固体纤维状物料进行洗涤, 再固液分离;
(4) 干燥粉碎;
将步骤 (3 ) 中获得的固体物料干燥并粉碎, 得到高酰基结冷胶产品。
更具体地为: ( 1 ) 发酵液的酶处理
向发酵液中加入已经用少量水溶解分散的以发酵液体积为基准的 100PPM 酶制剂, 升温至 50-60 °C, 维持 4〜6h;
(2)发酵液的酸絮凝
将步骤(1 )中的物料降温至 35°C以下,加酸调 pH1.5~4,形成纤维状絮凝, 固液分离;
(3 ) 纤维料的洗涤
(3.1 )低或非极性溶剂洗涤, 将步骤(2) 中制得的物料, 按重量加入 1~2 倍量的低或非极性溶剂, 用碱调 pH4.5~8, 洗涤 2h, 固液分声;
(3.2)低级醇洗涤, 将步骤(3.1 ) 中制得的物料, 按重量加入 4~5倍量的 低级醇, 洗涤 2h, 固液分离。
(4)干燥粉碎
将步骤(3 ) 中制得的产物于 75~80°C下进行真空干燥, 并粉碎, 得到高酰 基结冷胶产品。
本发明各步骤的具体工艺条件是:
步骤 1中所用的酶是中性蛋白酶, 碱性蛋白酶, 酸性蛋白酶, 木瓜蛋白酶, 溶菌酶中的一种或多种组合, 并且所用的均匀高温酶。 如 是多种酶组合, 可 以以任意比例混合。 优选碱性蛋白酶和溶菌酶的组合, 其重量比为 5: 1。
步骤 1中所用的酸的浓度是 10%。
步骤 2中所用的酸是选用醋酸, 柠檬酸, 盐酸, 硫酸中的一种。 优选醋酸。 步骤 2中固液分离的设备选用厢式聚丙烯板框压滤机。
步骤 3.1中低或非极性溶剂是丙酮, 丁酮, 乙醚, 正己垸中的一种。 优选丙 酮。
步骤 3.1中用于调整 pH的碱的浓度为 10%。
步骤 3.1中用于调整 pH的碱选用 NaOH, KOH, Na2COa, K2C〇3中的一种。 步骤 3.2中低级醇选用甲醇、 乙醇、 异丙醇中的一种。
步骤 3中固液分离的设备选用螺旋压榨机。
步骤 4中真空干燥的温度是 75~80°C。
步骤 4中真空干燥的真空度是 -0.09mp。
步骤 4中真空干燥的时间是 1.5h。 具体实施方式
提出以下实施例来具体说明, 以更好地理解本发明, 但这些实施例为非限 制性的。 实施例 1
A.将发酵终了的结冷胶发酵液,搅拌下加入 100PPM的碱性蛋白酶和溶菌 酶, 升温至 55°C, 搅拌维持 5h, 降温至 32°C ;
B. 向上述料液中缓慢加入 10%的醋酸溶液, 至料液 pH2.0, 停止, 搅拌维 持 lOmin, 将料通过泵打入厢式板框压滤机进行过滤, 滤液进入废水处理站, 得 到滤饼待用;
C. 由 B得到的滤饼按重量加入 2倍量的丙酮, 并加 10%浓度的 NaOH调整 pH至 6.0, 搅拌洗涤 2小时后泵打入螺旋压搾机进行固液分离, 液体经精馏塔 回收丙酮, 固体进入下一步骤;
D. 由 C得到的物料按重量加入 4倍量的乙醇, 搅拌洗涤 2小时后泵打入 螺旋压榨机进行固液分离, 液体经精馏塔回收乙醇, 固体进入下一步骤。
E. 由 D得到的纤维状固体进行真空干燥, 干燥温度 78°C, 真空度为 -0.09mp, 干燥时间为 1.5h, 千燥后经粉碎机粉碎得到类白色粉末即为高酰基 结冷胶产品。 实施例 2 A. 将发酵终了的结冷胶发酵液, 搅拌下加入 100PPM的木瓜蛋白酶, 升温 至 55°C, 搅拌维持 5h, 降温至 30°C ;
B. 向上述科液中缓慢加入 10%的盐酸溶液, 至料液 pH2.5, 停止, 搅拌维 持 lOmin,将料通过泵打入厢式板框压滤机进行过滤, 滤液进入废水处理站, 得 到滤饼待用;
C. 由 B得到的滤饼按重量加入 5倍量的乙醚, 并加 10%浓度的 KOH调整 pH至 5.3, 搅拌洗涤 2小时后泵打入螺旋压搾机进行固液分离, 体经精馏塔 回收乙醚, 固体进入下一步骤;
D. 由 C得到的物料按重量加入 4.5倍量的乙醇, 搅拌洗涤 2小时后泵打 入螺旋压搾机进行固液分离, 液体经精馏塔回收乙醇, 固体进入下一步骤。
E. 将 D得到的纤维状固体进行真空干燥, 干燥温度 80°C, 真空度为 -0.09mp ,干燥时间为 1.5h, 干燥后经粉碎机粉碎得到类白色粉末即为高酰基结 冷胶产品。
采用本发明的工艺相对于现有的高酰基结冷胶的后提取方法, 优势之处在 于:
1. 由于发酵液不需要高温灭菌, 本发明的整体工艺相比原有工艺能耗低。
2. 原材料用量少, 本发明在絮凝沉淀时, 只使用了有机酸, 没有引入新的 钙离子或其他碱金属离子杂质。
3. 产品质量大为改善, 达到国外先进水平。 产品外观好、 纯度高、 产品凝 胶强度高且溶解性大大改善。 具体见下表:; 现有技术中高酰基结冷胶的后提 本发明的工艺方法
取方法
产品色度≥60% 产品色度≥75%
纯度 ≥ 70% 纯度 ≥ 80% 凝胶强度 (0.5%浓度) 凝胶强度 ( 0.5%浓度) 300~400g/cm2 450~600g/cm2
溶解性 溶解性
80°C水浴 5~6分钟溶解 80°C水浴 1〜2分钟溶解

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种高酰基结冷胶的后提取方法, 包括以下工艺步骤:
( 1 ) 发酵液的酶处理; ,
向发酵液中加入酶制剂, 升温反应;
(2) 发酵液的酸絮凝;
将步骤 (1 ) 酶处理后的发酵液降温, 加酸絮凝, 再固液分离;
(3 ) 体纤维料的洗涤;
将步骤 (2) 固液分离后获得的固体纤维状料先用低或非极性溶剂洗涤, 固 液分离, 再用低级醇将固体纤维状物料进行洗涤, 固液分离;
(4) 干燥粉碎;
将步骤 (3 ) 中获得的固体物料干燥并粉碎, 得到高酰基结冷胶产品。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的高酰基结冷胶的后提取方法, 其特征在于步骤 1 中所用的酶为中性蛋白酶, 碱性蛋白酶, 酸性蛋白酶, 木瓜蛋白酶, 溶菌酶中 的一种或多种组合。
3. 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的高酰基结冷胶的后提取方法, 其特征在于步 骤 1中所用的酶选用碱性蛋白酶与溶菌酶的组合, 两者重量比为 5: 1。
4. 根据权利要求 1所述的高酰基结冷胶的后提取方法, 其特征在于酶制剂 使用量浓度为 100PPM, 以发酵液体积为基准。
5. 根据权利要求 1所述的高酰基结冷胶的后提取方法, .其特征在于酶先用 少量水溶解分散后再加入。
6.根据权利要求 1所述的高酰基结冷胶的后提取方法,其特征在于步骤(1 ) 中的升温反应为升温至 50-60°C, 维持 4~6h。
7. 根据权利要求 1 所述的高酰基结冷胶的后提取方法, 步骤 (2) 中的酸 絮凝为将步骤 (1 ) 中的物料降温至 35°C以下, 加酸调 pH1.5~4, 形成纤维状絮 凝, 固液分离。
8. 根据权利要求 1或 7所'述的高酰基结冷胶的后提取方法, 其特征在于步 骤 2中所用的酸浓度是 10%。' 一 '-
9. 根据权利要求 1或 7所述的高酰基结冷胶的后提取方法, 其特征在于步 骤 2中所用的酸选用醋酸、 柠檬酸、 盐酸、 硫酸中的一种。
10. 根据权利要求 1或 7所述的高酰基结冷胶的后提敢方法, 其特征在于 步骤 2中所用的酸选用醋酸。
11. 根据权利要求 1或 7所述的高酰基结冷胶的后提取方法, 其特征在于 步骤 2中固液分离所用的设备是厢式板框压滤机。 .
12. 根据权利要求 1 所述的高酰基结冷胶的后提取方法, 其特征在于步骤 (3 ) 中的非极性溶剂洗涤为, 将步骤(1 ) 中制得的物料, 按重量加入 1〜2倍 量的非极性溶剂, 用碱调 pH4.5~8, 洗涤 2h, 固液分离。
13. 根据权利要求 12所述的高酰基结冷胶的后提取方法, 其特征在于步骤 3中所用的低或非极性溶剂为丙酮, 丁酮, 乙醚, 正己烷中 一种。
14. 根据权利要求 12或 13所述的高酰基结冷胶的后提取方法, 其特征在 于步骤 3中所用的低或非极性溶剂选用丙酮。
15. 根据权利要求 12所述的高酰基结冷胶的后提取方法, 其特征在于步骤 3中所用碱的浓度是 10%。
16. 根据权利要求 12或 15所述的高酰基结冷胶的后提取方法, 其特征在 于步骤 3中所用的碱选用 NaOH, KOH, Na2C03, K2C03中的一种。
17. 根据权利要求 1 所述的高酰基结冷胶的后提取方法, 其特征在于, 步 骤(3) 中的醇冼涤为按重量加入 4~5倍量的低级醇, 洗涤 2h, 固液分离。
18. 根据权利要求 17所述的高酰基结冷胶的后提取方法, 其特征在于步骤 4中所用的低级醇浓度是 90-95%。
19. 根据权利要求 17或 18所述的高酰基结冷胶的后提取方法, 其特征在 于所用的低级醇是甲醇、 乙醇、 异丙醇中的一种。
20. 根据权利要求 1所述的高酰基结冷胶的后提取方法,其特征在于步骤 3 中固液分离所用的设备是螺旋压搾机。
21.根据权利要求 1所述的高酰基结冷胶的后提取方法,其特征在于步骤 4 中真空干燥的温度为 75-80°C。
22.根据权利要求 1所述的高酰基结冷胶的后提取方法,其特征在于步骤 4 中真空干燥的真空度为 -0.09mp。
23. 根据权利要求 1所述的高酰基结冷胶的后提取方法,其特征在于步骤 4 中真空干燥的时间为 1.5h。
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