WO2010137713A1 - リフレクトアレイ - Google Patents
リフレクトアレイ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010137713A1 WO2010137713A1 PCT/JP2010/059153 JP2010059153W WO2010137713A1 WO 2010137713 A1 WO2010137713 A1 WO 2010137713A1 JP 2010059153 W JP2010059153 W JP 2010059153W WO 2010137713 A1 WO2010137713 A1 WO 2010137713A1
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- patch
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- reflect array
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/44—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the electric or magnetic characteristics of reflecting, refracting, or diffracting devices associated with the radiating element
- H01Q3/46—Active lenses or reflecting arrays
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/006—Selective devices having photonic band gap materials or materials of which the material properties are frequency dependent, e.g. perforated substrates, high-impedance surfaces
- H01Q15/008—Selective devices having photonic band gap materials or materials of which the material properties are frequency dependent, e.g. perforated substrates, high-impedance surfaces said selective devices having Sievenpipers' mushroom elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
- H01Q21/0018—Space- fed arrays
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
- H01Q21/065—Patch antenna array
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a reflect array. Specifically, the present invention relates to “design of a reflect array using a left-handed transmission line model, metamaterial or EBG (electric bandgap) structure”, “propagation environment improvement technology applying a reflect array”, “reflect The present invention relates to a reflection wave direction control technology using an array and an increase in MIMO transmission capacity using a reflect array.
- EBG electric bandgap
- Non-Patent Document 1 a technique for controlling the radiation direction by adding a phase difference to a reflected wave by tapering the mushroom structure has been studied.
- FIG. 1 shows a reflect array 1 having a conventional tapered mushroom structure described in Non-Patent Document 1.
- the reflect array 1 includes a plurality of patches 10, via holes 20 formed in each patch 10, a ground plane 30, and a substrate 40.
- Such a conventional tapered mushroom structure is composed of 11 patches 10 having different lengths from L1 to L11.
- FIG. 2 shows the detailed dimensions of the structure of FIG.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 are conventional design methods for controlling the reflected wave of a polarized wave whose electric field is parallel to the Y direction and perpendicular to the X direction in the X direction. Can be considered.
- FIG. 3 shows a reflect array using a conventional mushroom structure that controls the reflected wave of the same polarized wave, that is, a polarized wave whose electric field is parallel to the Y direction and perpendicular to the X direction in the Y direction.
- the structure of No. 1 is shown (refer to JP 2010-62689 A).
- “T” indicates an interval between adjacent via holes 20
- “PT” indicates an interval between adjacent patches 10
- T PT” is established.
- the length of each patch in the Y direction is “2 ⁇ W yi ”.
- the conventional reflect array 1 using the mushroom structure shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 is similar to the reflect array design using the conventional microstrip patch (see Non-Patent Document 2). Was used to determine the length of the patch.
- FIG. 4 shows an example of calculation showing the relationship between the reflection phase of the mushroom structure and the patch size.
- FIG. 4 shows the relationship between the reflection phase of the mushroom structure and the patch size when square mushroom structures of the same size are periodically arranged at intervals of 2.4 mm. If the difference in reflection phase between adjacent mushrooms is 24 degrees, the patch size difference between these mushrooms is indicated by the triangles in FIG.
- FIG. 5 shows a reflect array 1 having a periodically arranged mushroom structure.
- Table in the mushroom structure are periodically arranged in a "2 ⁇ W y" of the gap corresponding to the length size of the patch of "g y" is "T- (2 ⁇ W y)" Is done.
- the conventional method for designing a reflect array using a mushroom structure is similar to the method for designing a reflect array using a microstrip patch, and the length of the patch is determined using the value of the reflection phase of the mushroom structure. It was decided.
- the size of the patch is about a half wavelength, and the reflection phase becomes zero at the frequency at which the patch resonates. For this reason, it may be considered that the reflection phase is determined by the size of the patch.
- the reflection phase can be considered based on a left-handed transmission line model.
- FIGS. 6A and 6B are conventional right-handed transmission line models.
- FIG. 7 if the positions of the inductor “L” and the capacitance “C” can be interchanged, a left-handed transmission line model with a negative phase constant can be created.
- the mushroom structure shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B has been devised to realize this (see Non-Patent Document 3), and the capacitance “C” between the transmission lines is changed to the mushroom structure. (Equation 1) using the gap “g y ” between patches.
- the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 3 are used.
- the inductance “L” is expressed by (Equation 2), where the thickness of the substrate is “t” and the magnetic permeability of the substrate is “ ⁇ ”.
- the capacitance value of the left-handed transmission line model is determined by the gap size, so the reflection phase is the length of the patch. Rather, the gap interval is dominant.
- the resonance frequency is determined by the length of the patch, so the reflection phase is longer than the gap between the patches. Is more dominant.
- Non-Patent Document 2 a conventional reflect array design method as shown in Non-Patent Document 2 is used.
- the gap value becomes “(g yi + g yi + 1 ) / 2” as shown in FIG. 3 and cannot be made “g yi ”. there were.
- FIG. 9 is a graph with the horizontal axis as the gap and the vertical axis as the reflection phase.
- the triangular symbol is a plot of the phase value corresponding to the size of each gap “(g yi + g yi + 1 ) / 2” when the patch length is determined as shown in FIG. 4. .
- the round symbol indicates that the gap value is selected so that the difference in reflection phase is 24 degrees, and it can be seen that both values are different.
- FIG. 10 shows a value based on the above-described theoretical formulas (Formula 1) to (Formula 5) as a curve A. It can be seen that the trends of theoretical values and analytical values are in good agreement. That is, the analysis value of the reflection phase of the reflect array agrees well with the theoretical value based on the left-handed transmission line model.
- FIG. 11 shows a phase difference (triangular symbol) when using a conventional reflect array design method for determining the length of a patch, and a phase difference (rounded) when using a design method for determining the size of a gap. Symbol).
- the phase difference is not constant, and there is a limit to the performance improvement of the reflect array.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a reflect array having improved performance compared to the conventional method when using a metamaterial based on a left-handed transmission line model.
- a first feature of the present invention is a reflect array (reflect array 1) formed by arranging a plurality of mushroom structures on a ground plate (ground plate 30), each of the mushroom structures having one four sides. And a via (for example, via hole 20) that short-circuits the patch and the ground plane, and the interval between adjacent vias is at least the vertical direction of the ground plane (the direction of the electric field). The gap between adjacent patches is adjusted so that the value of the reflection phase of the reflected wave from the patch becomes a desired value. And in addition, the interval between the vias may be arranged to be equal in each of the horizontal direction and the vertical direction.
- a second feature of the present invention is a reflect array formed by arranging a plurality of mushroom structures on a ground plane, wherein each of the mushroom structures includes one quadrilateral patch, the patch, and the patch.
- the gap “PT” from the edge of the i-th patch to the edge of the (i + 1) -th patch is set to an equal value for all i, and the adjacent i If the size of the gap between the i- th patch “P i ” and the (i + 1) -th patch “P i + 1 ” is “g yi ”, the length of the i-th patch is “2 ⁇ W yi ”.
- the gist is that the interval “IVh i ” between the i th via “Vh i ” and the (i + 1) th via “Vh i + 1 ” is “W yi + g yi + W yi + 1 ”.
- a third feature of the present invention is a reflect array formed by arranging a plurality of mushroom structures on a ground plane, each of the mushroom structures being constituted by one quadrilateral patch, The distance between the center that bisects the gap between adjacent patches and the center that bisects the adjacent gap adjacent to the gap is arranged to be equal at least in the vertical direction of the ground plane (the same direction as the direction of the electric field). The size of the gap is adjusted so that the value of the reflection phase of the reflected wave from the patch becomes a desired value.
- interval may be arrange
- a fourth feature of the present invention is a reflect array (reflect array 1) formed by arranging a plurality of mushroom structures on a ground plane (ground plane 30), each of the mushroom structures having one four sides.
- a patch (patch 10) having a shape and a mushroom structure without vias constituted by the base plate, and the centers of the gaps between the patches constituting the mushroom are arranged at equal intervals and adjacent to each other.
- the size of the gap between the patches is adjusted so that the value of the reflection phase of the reflected wave from the patch becomes a desired value.
- the mushroom structure when there is no gap “ ⁇ g” value corresponding to the reflection phase “ ⁇ ”, the mushroom structure is not arranged on the surface of the reflect array, and the reflect array is provided.
- the ground plate is not installed on the back surface of the substrate, and there is a gap “ ⁇ g” value corresponding to the reflection phase “ ⁇ ”
- the mushroom structure is arranged on the surface of the reflect array, and the back surface of the reflect array is formed. May be provided with the base plate.
- the interval between the vias is “T”, and the size of the gap between the adjacent i-th patch “P i ” and the (i + 1) -th patch “P i + 1 ” is set.
- the gap is arranged between the adjacent i-th via “Vh i ” and the (i + 1) th via “Vh i + 1 ”, and the gap size “g yi ”. ”Is determined based on the phase value of the reflected wave from each patch with respect to the incident wave, and the difference obtained by subtracting the gap size“ g yi ”from the via interval“ T ”is“ 2 ⁇ W yi ”.
- a fifth feature of the present invention is a reflect array configured by the mushroom structure, wherein the size of the gap generated between the mushrooms is determined so that the equiphase surface of the reflection phase faces the desired reflection direction.
- the gap gyi is arranged at an equal interval PT, half of the length of the patch constituted by the difference between the interval PT and the gap gyi is arranged at both ends of the gap, and the length of the patch is set to gyi + Gy i + 1
- the gist is to stipulate.
- a sixth feature of the present invention is a reflect array formed by arranging a plurality of mushroom structures on a ground plane, each of the mushroom structures being constituted by one quadrilateral patch.
- the gist is to determine the value of each gap so that the equiphase surface of the reflected wave is orthogonal to the desired direction based on the relationship between the gap value and the reflection phase. .
- the length of the patch i in the electric field direction is (( Tg i-1, i ) + (Tg i, i + 1 )) / 2.
- the end points of the gap may be arranged at equal intervals PT, and the length of the patch i in the electric field direction may be (Tg i, i + 1 ) / 2.
- vias that short-circuit the ground plate and the patch may be provided in each mushroom, and the vias may be arranged at equal intervals T / 2 from the center of each gap.
- a via that short-circuits the ground plate and the patch may be provided in each mushroom, and the via may be arranged in the center of each patch.
- the via may not be a structure, but may be a mark for determining the position on the patch, and the mushroom may be configured by the ground plate and the patch.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the structure of a conventional reflect array.
- FIG. 2 is a table showing the detailed dimensions of the structure of the conventional reflect array.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the structure of a conventional reflect array.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing an example of the relationship between the reflection phase and the patch size in the structure of the conventional reflect array.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the structure of a conventional reflect array.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a right-handed transmission line model.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining a left-handed transmission line model.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the “2D LH Muscular Structure”.
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing an example of the relationship of the reflection phase with respect to the gap in the structure of the conventional reflect array.
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing an example of the relationship of the reflection phase with respect to the gap in the structure of the conventional reflect array.
- FIG. 10 is a graph showing an example of the relationship of the reflection phase with respect to the gap in the structure of the conventional reflect array.
- FIG. 11 is a graph showing an example of a phase difference between adjacent elements in a conventional reflect array structure.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the structure of the reflect array according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a detailed structure of the reflect array according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a table showing detailed dimensions of the structure of the reflect array according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining the effect of the structure of the reflect array according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram showing the structure of a reflect array according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram for explaining the effect of the structure of the reflect array according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram showing a detailed structure of the reflect array according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 19 is a table showing detailed dimensions of the structure of the reflect array according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram for explaining the effect of the structure of the reflect array according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 21 is a diagram showing the structure of a reflect array according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 22 is a contour diagram of the phase of the reflected wave in the reflect array according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 23 is a contour diagram of the phase of the reflected wave for comparison with the reflect array according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 24 is a diagram for explaining the effect of the structure of the reflect array according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 25 is a diagram for explaining the effect of the structure of the reflect array according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 26 is a graph showing an example of the relationship between the reflection phase and the gap in the structure of the reflect array according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 27 is a diagram showing a detailed structure of the reflect array according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 28 is a diagram showing a reflect array structure according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 29 is a diagram showing an overall structure of a reflect array according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 shows the reflect array 1 using the metamaterial according to the first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 12, the reflect array 1 is formed by arranging a plurality of mushroom structures on the ground plane 30.
- Each of the mushroom structures is composed of one quadrangular patch 10 and via holes 20 that short-circuit the patch 10 and the ground plane 30.
- interval of the adjacent via hole 20 is arrange
- the size of the gap between adjacent patches 10 is adjusted so that the value of the reflection phase of the reflected wave by the reflect array 1 becomes a desired value. More specific description will be given below.
- ⁇ is “24 degrees”
- PT is “2.4 mm”
- the frequency is “8.8 GHz”
- ⁇ in (Expression 5) is “70 degrees”.
- the interval between via holes is “T”
- the gap between the adjacent i-th patch “P i ” and the (i + 1) -th patch “P i + 1 ” is “g yi ”.
- Each gap is disposed between the adjacent i-th via hole “Vh i ” and the (i + 1) -th via hole “Vh i + 1 ”.
- the value of the gap size “g yi ” is the value of the phase of the reflected wave from each patch with respect to the incident wave, and is determined from FIG.
- the length of each patch is the distance from the via hole “Vh i ” to the gap “g yi ” when the difference obtained by subtracting the gap size “g yi ” from the via hole interval “T” is “2 ⁇ W yi ”.
- the patch length is “W yi ” and the patch length from the via hole “Vh i + 1 ” to the gap “g yi ” is “W yi ” and is determined as shown in FIG.
- the length of the i-th patch is “W y (i ⁇ 1) + W yi ”.
- the gap can be set to a desired value with the pitch being equal.
- FIG. 13 shows the detailed structure of the reflect array according to the first embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 14 shows the detailed dimensions of the reflect array according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 shows the effect of the reflect array according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 shows the calculated value of the far scattered field in the ZY plane.
- the solid line B shows the result in the reflect array using the metamaterial designed with the gap value of the present invention
- the solid line A shows the reflect array using the metamaterial designed with the conventional patch value. Shows the results of.
- the desired radiation in the -70 degree direction has a high level of the reflect array according to the present embodiment, whereas the radiation in the normal reflection direction (0 degree direction), which is an unnecessary direction, relates to the present embodiment.
- the level of the reflect array is low, and the effect of the reflect array according to the present embodiment can be confirmed.
- the reflection phase easily matches the theoretical value of the left-handed transmission line model, and the patch length is determined based on the conventional reflect array design method. Therefore, it is possible to suppress a state where the phase difference is not constant. That is, the performance of the reflect array can be greatly improved.
- the via hole 20 is used.
- a via conductor pillar
- a short-circuit line may be used instead of the via hole 20.
- FIG. 16 shows the reflect array 1 using the metamaterial according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- different parts from the above-described first embodiment of the present invention will be mainly described, and description of the same parts will be omitted as appropriate.
- the interval “PT” from the edge of the i-th patch to the edge of the (i + 1) -th patch is set equal to all i, and the adjacent i-th patch “P i ” ( The gap between the (i + 1) th patch “P i + 1 ” is “g yi ”.
- the spacing of each via hole is a value calculated by "W yi + g yi + W yi + 1 " for each patch not constant.
- FIG. 17 shows the calculated value of the far scattered field in the ZY plane.
- the solid line A shows the result in the reflect array using the metamaterial designed with the gap value of the present invention
- the solid line B shows the result in the reflect array using the metamaterial designed with the conventional patch value. Is shown.
- the desired radiation in the -70 degree direction has a high level of the reflect array according to the present embodiment, whereas the radiation in the normal reflection direction (0 degree direction), which is an unnecessary direction, relates to the present embodiment.
- the level of the reflect array is low, and the effect of the reflect array according to this embodiment can be confirmed.
- FIG. 18 shows a reflect array using a metamaterial according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 18 shows the detailed structure of the reflect array according to the third embodiment of the present invention for directing the reflected wave in the direction of ⁇ 45 degrees
- FIG. 19 shows the reflect array according to the third embodiment of the present invention. The detailed dimensions are shown.
- FIG. 20 shows the far scattered field of the present embodiment in comparison with the conventional results. According to FIG. 20, in the reflect array according to the present embodiment, it can be confirmed that the radiation level in the desired ⁇ 45 degree direction is slightly high and the radiation level in the 0 degree direction, which is an unnecessary direction, is lowered.
- FIG. 21 shows a reflect array using a metamaterial according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- the reflect array according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention aims at radiation in the ⁇ 45 degree direction, like the reflect array according to the third embodiment of the present invention. Are periodically arranged in the X direction and the Y direction.
- Fig. 26 shows the relationship between the gap and reflection phase (reflection phase) used in this design.
- the values indicated by triangles are design values, and the phase is selected every 18 degrees.
- the range that can be selected at this time is from ⁇ 126 degrees to 72 degrees, and there is no structure that can be selected for phases in other ranges.
- the part where the patch is not arranged is a place where there is no gap for obtaining a desired reflection phase.
- the metal on the back surface of the portion where the patch is not arranged is peeled off.
- FIG. 27 shows a structure in which the metal on the back surface of the portion where the patch is not arranged is stripped.
- FIG. 22 shows the phase of the reflected wave from the reflector at this time.
- FIG. 22 is a contour diagram of the phase of the reflected wave in the reflect array according to this embodiment. According to FIG. 22, it can be seen that the equiphase surfaces are aligned in the direction of 45 degrees from the Z axis.
- FIG. 23 is a contour diagram of the phase of the reflected wave when the back surface shown in FIG. 22 is all made of metal.
- FIG. 24 is similar to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the far radiated field in the YZ plane and the patch are arranged in the case where the entire back surface is made of metal.
- the comparison result with the far radiation field in YZ plane at the time of making it into a metal only when it exists is shown.
- the arrangement of the elements on the surface is the same as in the first embodiment, and the beam control angle in the design is -70 degrees.
- a solid line A is a case where the back surface is a front metal
- a solid line B is a case where only the back surface of the patch is a metal. In both cases, the beam is directed in the desired -70 degree direction.
- the radiation level in the 0 degree direction which is specular reflection
- the radiation level in the -70 degree direction is higher than the radiation level in the -70 degree direction. That is, as in the fourth embodiment of the present invention, it can be seen that the characteristics of the model in which only the back surface of the patch is a metal ground plane and the metal on the inner surface of the patch is stripped are better.
- FIG. 25 shows a case where the far-field in the YZ plane and the patch are arranged in the model for the element arrangement in which the gap interval is regarded as important as in the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the comparison result with the far radiation field in the YZ plane when only metal is used is shown.
- the arrangement of elements on the surface is the same as in the first embodiment, and the control angle of the beam in the design is -70 degrees.
- a solid line A is a case where the back surface is a front metal
- a solid line B is a case where only the back surface of the patch is a metal. In both cases, the beam is directed in the desired -70 degree direction.
- the radiation level in the 0 degree direction which is specular reflection
- the radiation level in the -70 degree direction is higher than the radiation level in the -70 degree direction. That is, as in the fourth embodiment of the present invention, it can be seen that the characteristics of the model in which only the back surface of the patch is a metal ground plane and the metal on the inner surface of the patch is stripped are better.
- FIG. 28 shows a reflect array 1 using a metamaterial according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 29 shows the overall structure of the reflect array 1 according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- each of the mushroom structures is configured by one quadrangular patch 10 and is not provided with the via hole 20 as in the above-described embodiment. . That is, the reflect array 1 according to the present embodiment has a so-called “vialess mushroom structure” (also referred to as EBG or HIS) in which the patch 10 and the ground plane 30 are not connected.
- EBG or HIS vialess mushroom structure
- the plurality of patches 10 are arranged in the horizontal direction (X direction) and the vertical direction (Y direction) of the ground plane 30.
- the distance between the center that bisects the gap between adjacent patches and the center that bisects the adjacent gap adjacent to the gap is the horizontal direction of the ground plane (X direction). ) And the vertical direction (Y direction).
- the size of the gap is adjusted so that the value of the reflection phase of the reflected wave from the patch becomes a desired value.
- the gap between the adjacent i-th patch “P i ” and the (i + 1) -th patch “P i + 1 ” is “g yi ”.
- the value of the gap size “g yi ” is determined by the value of the phase of the reflected wave from each patch with respect to the incident wave, as in the first embodiment of the present invention described above (see FIG. 9).
- the gap “g y1 ” between the patch having the length “W y1 ” and the patch adjacent to the patch and having the length “W y2 ” is bisected.
- a center CT2 is obtained by dividing a gap “g y2 ” between a patch having a length of “W y2 ” and a patch having a length of “W y3 ”.
- the length of the center CT3 that bisects the gap "g y3" between the patch and the patch is "W y3", a length of "W y4".
- the interval T between the center CT1 and the center CT2 and the interval T between the center CT2 and the center CT3 are arranged to be equal.
- the reflection phase easily matches the theoretical value of the left-handed transmission line model.
- the performance of the reflect array can be greatly improved.
- a reflect array with improved performance compared to the conventional method can be provided, which is useful in wireless communication and the like.
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Abstract
Description
なお、基板に強磁性体を用いない場合は、一般に基板の透磁率を「μ」自由空間の透磁率μ0で近似しても差し支えない。
マッシュルーム構造の反射波の位相は、上述の式及び左手系伝送線路モデルを用いて、(式4)から求めることができる。すなわち、図3のように、マッシュルーム構造を配置して反射板を構成し、Z軸方向から平面波を入射する場合の反射係数「Γ」の位相を「φ」とすると、反射係数「Γ」は、自由空間インピーダンス「η」及び表面インピーダンス「Zs」を用いて、(式4)のように表せる。
隣接するマッシュルーム構造に対する反射係数の位相の差を「Δφ」とすると、反射波の所望方向「α」は、(式5)で表すことができる。
以上示したように、マッシュルーム構造を用いた左手系伝送線路モデルの場合、反射位相は、パッチ間のギャップで決まるキャパシタンスの値が支配的である。
図12に、本発明の第1の実施形態に係るメタマテリアルを用いたリフレクトアレイ1について示す。図12に示すように、リフレクトアレイ1は、地板30上に、複数のマッシュルーム構造を配列することによって形成される。
図16に、本発明の第2の実施形態に係るメタマテリアルを用いたリフレクトアレイ1について示す。以下、上述した本発明の第1の実施形態と異なる部分について主に説明し、同一の部分については、その説明を適宜省略する。
図18に、本発明の第3の実施形態に係るメタマテリアルを用いたリフレクトアレイについて示す。
図21に、本発明の第4の実施形態に係るメタマテリアルを用いたリフレクトアレイについて示す。
図28に、本発明の第5の実施形態に係るメタマテリアルを用いたリフレクトアレイ1について示す。また、図29に、本発明の第5の実施形態に係るリフレクトアレイ1の全体構造について示す。図28に示すように、本実施形態に係るリフレクトアレイ1では、マッシュルーム構造の各々は、1つの四辺形のパッチ10によって構成されており、上述した実施形態のようなビアホール20が設けられていない。すなわち、本実施形態に係るリフレクトアレイ1は、パッチ10と地板30とが接続されていない、いわゆる「ビアなしマッシュルーム構造」(EBG、HISともいう)を有する。また、図29に示すように、複数のパッチ10が地板30の水平方向(X方向)及び垂直方向(Y方向)において配置されている。
10…パッチ
20…ビアホール
30…地板
40…基板
Claims (5)
- 地板上に、複数のマッシュルーム構造を配列することによって形成されるリフレクトアレイであって、
前記マッシュルーム構造の各々は、
1つの四辺形のパッチと、
前記パッチと前記地板とを短絡するビアと
によって構成されており、
隣接する前記ビアの間隔は、前記地板の垂直方向において等しくなるように配置されており、
隣接する前記パッチ間のギャップの大きさは、前記パッチからの反射波の反射位相の値が所望値となるように調整されることを特徴とするリフレクトアレイ。 - 地板上に、複数のマッシュルーム構造を配列することによって形成されるリフレクトアレイであって、
前記マッシュルーム構造の各々は、
1つの四辺形のパッチと、
前記パッチと前記地板とを短絡するビアと
によって構成されており、
i番目のパッチの端辺から(i+1)番目のパッチの端辺までの間隔「PT」を全てのiに対して等しい値とし、隣接するi番目のパッチ「Pi」と、(i+1)番目のパッチ「Pi+1」との間のギャップの大きさを「gyi」とすると、i番目のパッチの長さは「2×Wyi」であり、
i番目のビア「Vhi」と、(i+1)番目のビア「Vhi+1」との間の間隔「IVhi」は、「Wyi+gyi+Wyi+1」であることを特徴とするリフレクトアレイ。 - 1つの地板上に、複数のマッシュルーム構造を配列することによって形成されるリフレクトアレイであって、
前記マッシュルーム構造の各々は、1つの四辺形のパッチによって構成されており、
隣接する前記パッチ間のギャップを二分した中心と、前記ギャップに隣接する隣接ギャップを二分した中心との間隔は、前記地板の垂直方向において等しくなるように配置されており、
前記ギャップの大きさは、前記パッチからの反射波の反射位相の値が所望値となるように調整されることを特徴とするリフレクトアレイ。 - 前記反射位相「φ」に相当するギャップ「Δg」の値が存在しない場合、前記リフレクトアレイの表面には前記マッシュルーム構造を配列せず、前記リフレクトアレイの裏面には前記地板を設置しないと共に、
前記反射位相「φ」に相当するギャップ「Δg」の値が存在する場合、前記リフレクトアレイの表面に前記マッシュルーム構造を配列し、前記リフレクトアレイの裏面には前記地板を設置することを特徴とする請求項1乃至3の何れかに記載のリフレクトアレイ。 - 前記ビアの間隔を「T」とし、隣接するi番目のパッチ「Pi」と、(i+1)番目のパッチ「Pi+1」との間のギャップの大きさを「gyi」とすると、前記ギャップは、隣接するi番目のビア「Vhi」と、(i+1)番目のビア「Vhi+1」との間に配置されており、
前記ギャップの大きさ「gyi」は、入射波に対する各パッチからの反射波の位相の値に基づいて決定され、
前記ビアの間隔「T」から前記ギャップの大きさ「gyi」を引いた差分を「2×Wyi」とし、前記ビア「Vhi」及び「Vhi+1」から前記ギャップまでのパッチの長さをそれぞれ「Wyi」とすると、i番目のパッチの長さは「Wy(i-1)+Wyi」であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のリフレクトアレイ。
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EP20100780667 EP2437351A4 (en) | 2009-05-29 | 2010-05-28 | reflectarray |
US13/375,043 US20120105305A1 (en) | 2009-05-29 | 2010-05-28 | Reflectarray |
JP2011516081A JP5463354B2 (ja) | 2009-05-29 | 2010-05-28 | リフレクトアレイ |
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EP (1) | EP2437351A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5463354B2 (ja) |
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JP2013048343A (ja) * | 2011-08-29 | 2013-03-07 | Ntt Docomo Inc | マルチビームリフレクトアレイ |
JP2013115756A (ja) * | 2011-11-30 | 2013-06-10 | Ntt Docomo Inc | リフレクトアレー |
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CN102449847A (zh) | 2012-05-09 |
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