WO2010130218A1 - 可维护锂离子电池及其维护方法 - Google Patents

可维护锂离子电池及其维护方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010130218A1
WO2010130218A1 PCT/CN2010/072726 CN2010072726W WO2010130218A1 WO 2010130218 A1 WO2010130218 A1 WO 2010130218A1 CN 2010072726 W CN2010072726 W CN 2010072726W WO 2010130218 A1 WO2010130218 A1 WO 2010130218A1
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battery
lithium ion
ion battery
outside
hollow tube
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PCT/CN2010/072726
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English (en)
French (fr)
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林道勇
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山东润峰集团新能源科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2010130218A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010130218A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/60—Arrangements or processes for filling or topping-up with liquids; Arrangements or processes for draining liquids from casings
    • H01M50/609—Arrangements or processes for filling with liquid, e.g. electrolytes
    • H01M50/627—Filling ports
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4242—Regeneration of electrolyte or reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/308—Detachable arrangements, e.g. detachable vent plugs or plug systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/60—Arrangements or processes for filling or topping-up with liquids; Arrangements or processes for draining liquids from casings
    • H01M50/609—Arrangements or processes for filling with liquid, e.g. electrolytes
    • H01M50/627—Filling ports
    • H01M50/636—Closing or sealing filling ports, e.g. using lids
    • H01M50/645—Plugs
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a lithium ion battery, in particular to a maintainable lithium ion battery. Background technique
  • Lithium-ion batteries can be divided into two types according to the battery case package. One is a hard-shell lithium-ion battery, usually packaged in a steel case, an aluminum case, and a plastic case. The other is a soft-package lithium-ion battery, usually made of soft aluminum. Plastic composite film packaging, also divided into liquid flexible packaging lithium-ion battery and polymer lithium-ion battery two categories.
  • the working principle of the lithium ion battery is: When the battery is charged, the lithium ions in the positive electrode material (lithium manganate, lithium iron phosphate, ternary material, lithium cobalt oxide, etc.) are deintercalated, transferred to the electrolyte and passed through the electrolyte. Pass through the diaphragm into the negative electrode material (graphite, etc.); when the battery is discharged, lithium ions are deintercalated from the negative electrode material (graphite, etc.), transferred to the electrolyte and passed through the electrolyte, and passed through the separator to return to the positive electrode material (manganese Lithium acid, lithium iron phosphate, ternary materials, lithium cobalt oxide, etc.). With the progress of charge and discharge, lithium ions are continuously inserted and removed through the electrolyte in the positive and negative electrodes, and it is seen that the electrolyte plays an important role in the lithium ion battery.
  • the positive electrode material lithium manganate, lithium iron phosphate
  • Power lithium-ion batteries mainly have the following two characteristics: 1.
  • the capacity of single-cell batteries is generally high, the cost is high, and the performance requirements are also high.
  • the single-cell batteries are generally serially and parallelly connected to form a battery pack. Due to the difference in consistency between the cells, there will be a backward battery in the battery pack. In actual use, there is a problem with the battery pack. Generally, only a small number of single cells appear. For example, problems such as low battery capacity, fast capacity decay, fast voltage rise during charging, and rapid voltage drop during discharge cause problems in the entire battery.
  • the problematic single cells are caused by the following two reasons: First, some side reactions generated inside the battery consume electrolyte, resulting in too little electrolyte involved in the battery reaction, affecting lithium ions.
  • the battery is transferred, so that the battery performance is damaged.
  • some side reactions generated inside the battery generate harmful gases, and the harmful gases generated react with the battery material or remain between the positive electrode material, the negative electrode material and the separator to affect the lithium.
  • the transfer of ions further damages the performance of the battery.
  • lithium-ion batteries are very sensitive to moisture, a small amount of water can cause fatal damage to the performance of lithium-ion batteries. Therefore, lithium-ion batteries are completely sealed when used, and the conventional manufacturing method is unrecoverable. .
  • the lithium ion battery is manufactured by the conventional method. After the battery has a problem, there is basically no repair method, because one of them cannot discharge the harmful gas in the battery; the second is that the electrolyte cannot be added to the battery to improve the battery. performance. Summary of the invention
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a maintainable lithium ion battery and a maintenance method thereof, which avoids the deficiencies of the prior art, and has an openable passage on the lithium ion battery, which can be maintained when the battery is damaged, and is convenient for removing harmful gases from the battery. Add additional electrolyte.
  • a maintainable lithium ion battery comprising a battery core, a battery case, and a positive and negative column of the battery, wherein the battery core is disposed in the battery case, the battery The positive and negative poles are disposed on the battery casing, and the battery casing is further provided with at least one passage for communicating the inside of the battery casing with the outside, and is provided at an exit of the passage communicating with the outside. Open seal.
  • At least one surface of the battery case is a battery cover, and the positive and negative poles of the battery are disposed on the battery cover.
  • the battery cover is provided with a passage communicating with the outside in the battery case, and an openable sealing device is disposed at an exit of the passage communicating with the outside.
  • At least one pole of the battery is provided with a passage for communicating the inside of the battery casing with the outside, and an openable sealing device is provided at the outlet of the passage communicating with the outside.
  • the openable sealing device is a steel ball or an aluminum cover or a tin cover or a rivet or a screw or a bolt.
  • the channel is a hollow tube, one end of the hollow tube is in communication with the inside of the battery case, and the other side is in communication with the outside of the battery.
  • the battery case may be a steel case, an aluminum case, and a plastic case.
  • one end of the hollow tube communicating with the outside is sealed by a rubber cap.
  • a thread is provided at one end of the hollow tube communicating with the outside, sealed by a screw or a bolt or sealed by a rubber cap.
  • the hollow tube has the same material or melting point as the battery can.
  • a method of maintaining the lithium ion battery comprising the steps of:
  • the invention has the beneficial effects that: an openable passage is provided on the battery casing or the cover plate to facilitate maintenance of the lithium ion battery damaged or used poorly, that is, the gas in the battery is removed through the passage, the electrolyte is added, and the pump is pumped. Vacuum and other steps can effectively improve the performance of the lithium-ion battery, thereby making more efficient use of the lithium-ion battery, which is conducive to cost savings.
  • the channel is a hollow tube, and the lithium ion battery is maintained by the hollow tube, which is easier to operate, and the maintenance of the lithium ion battery can be realized without the special vacuuming equipment, the liquid injection equipment, the wetting equipment, and the battery cost is saved. It is beneficial to the efficient use of batteries and online maintenance.
  • Embodiment 1 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Embodiment 2 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a portion A in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Embodiment 3 of the present invention is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a maintenance method according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • Embodiment 1 as shown in FIG. 1, a maintainable lithium ion battery, comprising a battery cell 1, a battery case 2, a positive and negative electrode column 3 of the battery, and the battery cell 1 is disposed in the battery case 2,
  • the surface above the battery case is a battery cover 5, and the positive and negative columns 3 of the battery are disposed on the battery cover 5.
  • the battery cover 5 is provided with a passage 4 communicating with the outside in the battery case, and an openable sealing device 6 is provided at the outlet of the passage 4 communicating with the outside.
  • the openable sealing device 6 is a bolt.
  • Embodiment 2 as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, is the same as Embodiment 1, except that the positive and negative poles 3 of the battery are provided with a passage 4 for communicating the inside of the battery casing with the outside.
  • An openable sealing device 6 is provided at the outlet of the passage communicating with the outside.
  • Embodiment 3 as in FIG. 4, is the same as Embodiment 1, except that the passage is a hollow tube 7, the end of the hollow tube is in communication with the inside of the battery case, and the other side is in communication with the outside of the battery. In the hollow tube and One end of the external communication is provided with a rubber cap 8 for sealing.
  • Embodiment 4 is the same as Embodiment 1, except that the battery cell 1 is disposed in a battery case.
  • the positive and negative poles 3 of the battery are disposed on the battery casing 2, and the battery casing 2 is further provided with at least one passage 4 for communicating the inside of the battery casing with the outside, in the passage 4
  • An openable sealing device 6 is provided at the outlet communicating with the outside.
  • Embodiment 5 As shown in FIG. 5, the method described in the maintenance method of the maintainable lithium ion battery provided by the present invention comprises the following steps:
  • the battery is allowed to stand to be wet;
  • the vacuuming equipment used can be realized by a general vacuum pump, and the liquid injection can be completed by using a single unit of equipment, the maintenance equipment cost is low, and the maintenance process of the battery is also easy to operate, which is not only advantageous.
  • the full utilization of lithium-ion batteries is more conducive to extending the life and use of lithium-ion batteries, and online maintenance.
  • Embodiment 6 is the same as the method of Embodiment 5, except that the passage is a hollow tube, and the maintenance method is realized by a hollow tube.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Description

说 明 书 可维护锂离子电池及其维护方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种锂离子电池， 尤其涉及一种可维护锂离子电池。 背景技术
锂离子电池自二十世纪九十年代开发成功以来， 由于它具有能量高、 循 环寿命长、 工作电压高、 无污染等独特的优势， 现已广泛应用于移动电话、 数码相机、 笔记本电脑等电子电器中， 并逐步向电动自行车、 电动汽车， 备 用电源等大容量动力锂离子电池应用领域拓展。锂离子电池如果按电池壳包 装形式可以分为两种， 一种为硬壳锂离子电池， 通常以钢壳、 铝壳以及塑料 壳包装； 另一种为软包装锂离子电池， 通常以软质铝塑复合膜包装， 还分为 液态软包装锂离子电池和聚合物锂离子电池两类。
锂离子电池的工作原理是： 电池充电时， 正极材料（锰酸锂、 磷酸亚铁 锂、 三元材料、 钴酸锂等） 中的锂离子脱嵌出来， 传递给电解液并经过电解 液， 穿过隔膜进入到负极材料（石墨等） 中； 电池放电时， 锂离子又从负极 材料（石墨等） 中脱嵌出来， 传递给电解液并经过电解液， 穿过隔膜回到正 极材料（锰酸锂、 磷酸亚铁锂、 三元材料、 钴酸锂等）中。 随充放电的进行， 锂离子不断的通过电解液在正极和负极中嵌入和脱出， 可见电解液在锂离子 电池中占有重要作用。
动力锂离子电池主要有如下两个特点： 一、 单体电池的容量一般较高， 成本较高， 对性能要求也很高； 二、 单体电池一般要进行串、 并联， 以构成 电池组使用， 由于单体电池之间存在一致性的差异， 电池组中会存在落后电 池。 在实际使用过程中， 电池组有问题一般只是其中一少部分单体电池出现 比如电池容量低、 容量衰减快、 充电时电压上升快、 放电时电压下降快等问 题， 导致整组电池出现问题。 而出现问题的单体电池， 艮大程度上是由于如 下两个原因导致的： 一、 由于电池内部产生的一些副反应会消耗电解液， 导 致参与电池反应的电解液过少， 影响锂离子在电池中的传递， 从而电池性能 被损坏； 二、 由于电池内部产生的一些副反应会产生有害气体， 而产生的有 害气体又与电池材料反应或者存留在正极材料、 负极材料和隔膜之间影响锂 离子的传递， 进一步损坏电池的性能。
由于锂离子电池对水份十分敏感， 少量的水就能对锂离子电池的性能造 成致命性的破坏， 因此锂离子电池使用时是完全密封的， 而传统的制造方法 这种密封是不可恢复的。
因此用传统方法来制造锂离子电池， 在电池出现问题后， 基本没有修复 办法， 因为其一是不能实现将电池中的有害气体排出； 二是不能实现给电池 中补充电解液， 以提高电池的性能。 发明内容
本发明的目的在于避免现有技术的不足提供一种可维护锂离子电池及其 维护方法， 在锂离子电池上设有可开启的通道， 在电池损坏时可进行维护， 便于为电池排除有害气体、 补加电解液。
为实现上述目的， 本发明采取的技术方案为： 一种可维护锂离子电池， 包括电池芯， 电池壳体， 电池的正、 负极柱， 所述的电池芯设置在电池壳体 内， 电池的的正、 负极柱设置在所述的电池壳体上， 所述电池壳体上还设有 至少一个将电池壳壳体内部与外界连通的通道，在所述通道与外界连通的出 口处设有可开启的密封装置。
进一步， 所述的电池壳体的至少一个面为电池盖板， 电池的正、 负极柱 设置在电池盖板上。 进一步， 所述的电池盖板上设有电池壳壳体内与外界连通的通道， 在所 述通道与外界连通的出口处设有可开启的密封装置。
进一步，所述电池的至少一个极柱内设有一个将电池壳壳体内部与外界 连通的通道， 在所述通道与外界连通的出口处设有可开启的密封装置。
进一步，所述的可开启的密封装置为钢球或铝盖或锡盖或铆釘或螺釘或 螺栓。
进一步， 所述的通道为中空管， 中空管一端与电池壳体内连通， 另一侧 与电池外界连通。
进一步， 所述电池壳可以为钢壳、 铝壳以及塑料壳。
进一步， 在所述中空管与外界连通的一端通过胶帽密封。
进一步， 在所述中空管与外界连通的一端设有螺纹， 通过螺釘或螺栓密 封或通过胶帽密封。
进一步， 所述中空管与所述电池壳具有相同的材质或熔点。
一种维护所述的锂离子电池的方法， 所述的方法包括以下步骤：
1) 将电池壳壳体内部与外界连通的通道或中空管开启；
2) 通过所述通道或中空管抽出锂离子电池内的气体， 排除锂离子电池 内的气体；
3) 通过所述通道或中空管为锂离子电池补加电解液；
4) 将电池静置以润湿；
5) 通过所述通道或中空管为锂离子电池抽真空；
6) 将所述通道或中空管密封。
本发明的有益效果是： 在电池壳体或盖板上设可开启的通道， 方便对损 坏或使用效果不好的锂离子电池进行维护， 即通过通道排除电池内气体、 补 加电解液、 抽真空等步骤， 可有效改善锂离子电池的性能， 从而更加有效的 利用锂离子电池， 有利于节约成本。 通道为中空管， 利用中空管对锂离子电池进行维护， 更加易于操作， 无 需特有的抽真空设备、 注液设备、 润湿设备即可实现锂离子电池的维护， 更 节约电池成本， 更有利于电池的有效利用， 并可实现在线维护。 附图说明
图 1为本发明实施例 1的结构示意图；
图 2为本发明实施例 2的结构示意图；
图 3为本发明实施例 2中 A部分的结构示意图；
图 4为本发明实施例 3的结构示意图；
图 5为本发明实施例 5维护方法流程示意图； 具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的原理和特征进行描述， 所举实例只用于解释本 发明， 并非用于限定本发明的范围。
实施例 1 , 如图 1所示， 一种可维护锂离子电池， 包括电池芯 1 , 电池 壳体 2 , 电池的正、 负极柱 3 , 所述的电池芯 1设置在电池壳体 2内， 在所 述的电池壳体上方的面为电池盖板 5 , 电池的正、 负极柱 3设置在电池盖板 5上。 所述的电池盖板 5上设有电池壳壳体内与外界连通的通道 4 , 在所述 通道 4与外界连通的出口处设有可开启的密封装置 6。 所述的可开启的密封 装置 6为螺栓。
实施例 2 , 如图 2 , 图 3所示， 与实施例 1相同， 不同的是所述的电池 的正、 负极柱 3内设有一个将电池壳壳体内部与外界连通的通道 4 , 在所述 通道与外界连通的出口处设有可开启的密封装置 6。
实施例 3 , 如图 4 , 与实施例 1相同， 不同的是所述的通道为中空管 7 , 中空管 7—端与电池壳体内连通， 另一侧与电池外界连通。 在所述中空管与 外界连通的一端设有胶帽 8进行密封。
实施例 4 , 与实施例 1相同， 不同的是所述的电池芯 1设置在电池壳体
2内， 电池的正、 负极柱 3设置在所述的电池壳体 2上， 所述电池壳体 2上 还设有至少一个将电池壳壳体内部与外界连通的通道 4 , 在所述通道 4与外 界连通的出口处设有可开启的密封装置 6。
实施例 5 , 如图 5 , 本发明所提供的可维护锂离子电池的维护方法所述 的方法包括以下步骤：
101将电池壳壳体内部与外界连通的通道开启；
102通过所述通道 4抽出锂离子电池内的气体， 排除锂离子电池内的气 体；
103通过所述通道 4为锂离子电池补加电解液；
104补加电解液后将电池静置以润湿；
105通过所述通道 4为锂离子电池抽真空；
106将所述通道 4密封。
在上述方法进行的过程中， 所使用的抽真空设备采用一般的真空泵即可 实现， 注液采用筒单设备即可完成， 维护设备成本低， 电池的维护过程也筒 单易操作， 不仅有利于锂离子电池的充分利用， 更有利于延长锂离子电池的 寿命及使用效果， 并可实现在线维护。
实施例 6 , 与实施例 5的方法相同， 不同的是所述的通道为中空管， 维 护方法是通过中空管实现的。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例， 并不用以限制本发明， 凡在本发明 的精神和原则之内， 所作的任何修改、 等同替换、 改进等， 均应包含在本发 明的保护范围之内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种可维护锂离子电池， 包括电池芯， 电池壳体， 电池的正、 负极 柱， 所述的电池芯设置在电池壳体内， 电池的正、 负极柱设置在所述的电池 壳体上， 其特征在于， 所述电池壳体上还设有至少一个将电池壳壳体内部与 外界连通的通道， 在所述通道与外界连通的出口处设有可开启的密封装置。
2. 如权利要求 1 所述的可维护锂离子电池， 其特征在于， 所述的电池 壳体的至少一个面为电池盖板， 电池的正、 负极柱设置在电池盖板上。
3. 如权利要求 2所述的可维护锂离子电池， 其特征在于， 所述的电池 盖板上设有电池壳壳体内与外界连通的通道，在所述通道与外界连通的出口 处设有可开启的密封装置。
4. 如权利要求 1 所述的可维护锂离子电池， 其特征在于， 所述电池的 至少一个极柱内设有一个将电池壳壳体内部与外界连通的通道，在所述通道 与外界连通的出口处设有可开启的密封装置。
5. 如权利要求 1或 3或 4所述的可维护锂离子电池， 其特征在于， 所 述的可开启的密封装置为钢球、 或铝盖、 或锡盖、 或铆釘、 或螺釘、 或螺栓。
6. 如权利要求 1或 2或 3或 4所述的可维护锂离子电池，其特征在于， 所述的通道为中空管， 中空管一端与电池壳体内连通， 另一侧与电池外界连 通。
7. 如权利要求 1或 2或 3或 4所述的可维护锂离子电池，其特征在于， 所述电池壳为钢壳、 或铝壳、 或塑料壳。
8. 如权利要求 6所述的可维护锂离子电池， 其特征在于， 在所述中空 管与外界连通的一端通过胶帽密封。
9. 如权利要求 6所述的可维护锂离子电池， 其特征在于， 在所述中空 管与外界连通的一端设有螺纹， 通过螺釘或螺栓密封或通过胶帽密封。
10.如权利要求 6所述的可维护锂离子电池， 其特征在于， 所述中空管 与所述电池壳具有相同的材质或熔点。
11.一种维护如权利要求 1至 10中任一所述的锂离子电池的方法，其特 征在于， 所述的方法包括以下步骤：
1)将电池壳壳体内部与外界连通的通道或中空管开启；
2)通过所述通道或中空管抽出锂离子电池内的气体， 排除锂离子电 池内的气体；
3)通过所述通道或中空管为锂离子电池补加电解液；
4)将电池静置以润湿；
5)通过所述通道或中空管为锂离子电池抽真空；
6) 将所述通道或中空管密封。
PCT/CN2010/072726 2009-05-14 2010-05-13 可维护锂离子电池及其维护方法 WO2010130218A1 (zh)

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