WO2010127561A1 - 一体化挤压成型设备 - Google Patents

一体化挤压成型设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010127561A1
WO2010127561A1 PCT/CN2010/000643 CN2010000643W WO2010127561A1 WO 2010127561 A1 WO2010127561 A1 WO 2010127561A1 CN 2010000643 W CN2010000643 W CN 2010000643W WO 2010127561 A1 WO2010127561 A1 WO 2010127561A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
screw
extrusion
cavity
molding apparatus
screws
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2010/000643
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘�英
Original Assignee
上海亦晨信息科技发展有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
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Publication of WO2010127561A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010127561A1/zh

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26FPERFORATING; PUNCHING; CUTTING-OUT; STAMPING-OUT; SEVERING BY MEANS OTHER THAN CUTTING
    • B26F3/00Severing by means other than cutting; Apparatus therefor
    • B26F3/004Severing by means other than cutting; Apparatus therefor by means of a fluid jet
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23LFOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L7/00Cereal-derived products; Malt products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L7/10Cereal-derived products
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23PSHAPING OR WORKING OF FOODSTUFFS, NOT FULLY COVERED BY A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS
    • A23P30/00Shaping or working of foodstuffs characterised by the process or apparatus
    • A23P30/20Extruding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/001Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
    • B29C48/0022Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with cutting
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/355Conveyors for extruded articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
    • B29C48/41Intermeshing counter-rotating screws
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
    • B29C48/415Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders and having partially non-intermeshing screws
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505Screws
    • B29C48/52Screws with an outer diameter varying along the longitudinal axis, e.g. for obtaining different thread clearance
    • B29C48/525Conical screws
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505Screws
    • B29C48/56Screws having grooves or cavities other than the thread or the channel
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505Screws
    • B29C48/57Screws provided with kneading disc-like elements, e.g. with oval-shaped elements
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2793/00Shaping techniques involving a cutting or machining operation
    • B29C2793/0027Cutting off
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2793/00Shaping techniques involving a cutting or machining operation
    • B29C2793/009Shaping techniques involving a cutting or machining operation after shaping
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92504Controlled parameter
    • B29C2948/92609Dimensions
    • B29C2948/92638Length
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92819Location or phase of control
    • B29C2948/92933Conveying, transporting or storage of articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/04Particle-shaped
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/05Filamentary, e.g. strands
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/345Extrusion nozzles comprising two or more adjacently arranged ports, for simultaneously extruding multiple strands, e.g. for pelletising
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/25Solid
    • B29K2105/251Particles, powder or granules
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29LINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/731Filamentary material, i.e. comprised of a single element, e.g. filaments, strands, threads, fibres

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an integrated extrusion molding device, in particular to a device for processing pre-mixed rice flour dough or dough by using a screw extruder and a matching extrusion, coating, cutting device, etc., belonging to food processing Technical field.
  • the extrusion-forming step is an important part of the production process.
  • a single-screw or twin-screw extruder is used to extrude the hydrate of the grain powder and pass through a certain shape mold to obtain the desired The shape, size of the grain food, and transport on the corresponding conveyor belt, until the inspection and packaging steps.
  • International Publication discloses an integrated composite grain mixing, extrusion, and molding apparatus. Including raw material mixing equipment, twin-screw extruder, extrusion unit, cutting and forming equipment.
  • the raw material mixing device and the twin-screw extruder are connected through a continuous vertical conveying pipe, and a control valve is arranged in the pipe to adjust the speed at which the premixed raw material enters the extruder and the product efficiency.
  • twin-screw extruder two screws threaded into each other are arranged in parallel, and are rotated in opposite directions, so that the material conveyed from top to bottom can be sufficiently compacted and conveyed.
  • extrusion disc At the end of the extruder, there is an extrusion disc, and the extrusion disc is provided with a plurality of extrusion holes, and a cutting device is arranged close to the extrusion hole, and the extruded strip material can be cut into the required strips. Shape, granule or sheet product to meet the needs of a variety of grain composite products.
  • a twin screw structure of an extruder is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5,350,585.
  • the twin-screw structure is divided into a plurality of sections, and the thread densities are inconsistent to meet the needs of various stages in the extrusion process.
  • a hollow is also formed in the screw to facilitate the material to be thoroughly mixed in the screw extruder.
  • traditional screw extrusion machines still have some shortcomings:
  • the screw of the conventional screw extruder is placed directly in the cavity of the elliptical or circular cross section. During the extrusion and conveying process, the material is liable to accumulate in some parts, so that the extrusion effect is reduced.
  • the invention provides an integrated extrusion molding apparatus, which in turn comprises a feeding device (20), a screw extruder (10), an extrusion die (40), a rotary motor box (50), a coating device, a conveying device (70) and a cutting device (90), wherein: the feeding device (20) is a feeding funnel with a flow control valve and a monitoring device; the screw extruder (10) includes a cavity for mounting a screw, a support strut, and a plurality of screws that are tightly engaged with the interior of the cavity; the extrusion die (40) has two extrusion discs (41), the extrusion disc is in the shape of a frustum, and the extrusion port is distributed on the disc The outer ring surface; the conveying device (70) is disposed under the extrusion disk, including a driving roller and an adhesive belt (72);
  • a cutting device (90) is disposed between adjacent conveyor belts, including an injection port (91), and a high-pressure jet (92) emitted from the injection port to cut the strip-shaped continuous material (200) into fixed-length segment materials. (210).
  • the conveying device (70) can be divided into a front conveying device (70) and a rear conveying device (70'), and between the adjacent two conveying devices There is a drop, the rear conveyor (70') is lower in height than the front conveyor (70);
  • a fixed strut (74) and a guide surface (75) are provided to guide the strip-shaped continuous material to the rear conveying device (70'), and the material is accurately jetted by the high pressure. (92) Cut off.
  • the above-mentioned integrated extrusion molding apparatus wherein the ejection opening (91) is inclined, and an angle with the guide surface (75) is between 85'C and 95?
  • the injection port intermittently jets the jet through the timing device such that the length of the final product is substantially uniform.
  • the screw extruder comprises three screws, the three screws constitute a three-screw structure, and the three screws are arranged in two layers of an upper layer screw group and a lower layer screw;
  • the upper screw group includes a first upper screw (1) and a second upper screw (2), and the two upper screws have no contact, and the two screws rotate in the same direction; the lower screw (3) and the upper screw (1, 2) Sealed separately, and the direction of rotation of the lower layer screw is opposite to that of the upper layer screw.
  • the screw extruder (10) has an inner cavity in the cavity, and is integrally combined with the inner screw; the shape of the inner cavity is close to the edge of the screw structure.
  • An outer cavity (7) is further disposed outside the inner cavity (6), and the inner cavity is sealed with a multi-screw structure and supported between the outer cavity (7).
  • a temperature adjusting device (8) is further disposed between the inner layer cavity and the outer layer cavity, and a constant temperature layer (9) is arranged at the bottom.
  • thermo adjustment device is an electric heating device, and a plurality of separately regulated temperature control devices are arranged along the axial direction of the screw cavity. .
  • the extrusion molding apparatus comprises two or more screw extruders (10), and two sets of extruders are arranged to face each other, sharing the same extrusion die (40),
  • the two extrusion discs (41) are distributed orthogonally to the screw extruder.
  • the segmentation process of the extruded material can be realized by the conveyor with high and low drop and the high-pressure waterjet system, and the product of the specified length can be accurately obtained, and the cutting process is also clean and safe.
  • Figure 3 is a horizontal view of the extrusion molding apparatus of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a plan view of the extrusion molding apparatus of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the screw extruder of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is an orthogonal distribution diagram of the double extruder of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the extrusion screw temperature control device and the single screw of the extrusion molding apparatus of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is an internal structural view of an extrusion die of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a diagram showing the relationship between the extrusion die and the conveyor belt of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view showing the distribution of the cutting device and the conveying device of the present invention.
  • FIG 11 is a schematic view of the conveyor of the present invention and the guide surface thereof. detailed description
  • the utility model comprises a feeding device (20), a screw extruder (10), an extrusion die (40), a cutting device (30), a rotary motor box (50), wherein the feeding device (20) has a flow rate a feed funnel for controlling the valve and the monitoring device;
  • the screw extruder (10) includes a cavity for mounting the screw, a support post, and a plurality of screws that are tightly engaged with the interior of the cavity;
  • the extrusion die (40) There are two extrusion discs (41), the extrusion disc is in the shape of a frustum, and the extrusion port is distributed on the outer ring surface of the disc.
  • the material enters the screw extruder (10) through the feeding device (20), and the screw extruder has a twin-screw or multi-screw structure for horizontal extrusion and conveying, and finally deposits the material close to the extrusion die ( At one end of 40), the material is pushed into the extrusion die by a continuous screw rotation process, and through the extrusion holes in the mold, the extrusion holes are distributed on the circular extrusion disk (41), and The material is thus extruded.
  • Extrusion die (40) The machine has two extrusion discs (41). The extrusion discs are in the shape of a frustum, and the caliber is smaller on one side of the extrusion die and larger on the side away from the extrusion die. .
  • an extrusion port (42) is distributed on the extrusion disk, and the extrusion port is distributed on the outer ring surface of the disk.
  • the extrusion ports are arranged in groups of three, and the three extrusion ports of each group are arranged along the tangential direction of the disc. It can be distributed at an angle with respect to the disc, such as an angle of 90°, and a total of 4 groups are allocated. Alternatively, it is also possible to assign three groups of 120° angles or six groups of 60° angles.
  • the diameter of the extrusion disc (41) is generally selected to be between 15 and 65 cm, preferably 15 to 30 cm in diameter.
  • the diameter of the extrusion port (42) is controlled to be between 1 mm and 15 mm, and an extrusion disc having different diameter extrusion holes can be selected as an alternative depending on the product requirements. Among them, it is preferred that the pores for the production of the reconstituted rice granules have a pore diameter of 1.2 mm or 3.8 mm so that the final particle size of the finished product can be close to the natural rice.
  • the shape of the extrusion port may also be other shapes such as a square, a rectangle, an ellipse or the like.
  • the central portion of the extrusion apparatus in the extrusion molding apparatus of the present invention is a storage chamber (43) for storing material conveyed from the extrusion screw to the extrusion die (40). Also, on both sides of the inlet of the screw (1, 2) and the storage chamber, a stopper (44) is additionally provided to prevent the material from flowing back and accumulating at the corner.
  • the extrusion tray (41) has three sets of extrusion ports (42), which are in the shape of a large inner and outer taper, which is favorable for the material to maintain a certain degree of compaction when being extruded out of the extrusion tray.
  • the extrusion die (40) of the present invention and the conveying device (70) are vertically distributed, the conveyor belt (72) is located directly below the extrusion tray (41), and at the same time, both ends of the conveying device are provided.
  • the baffle (73) prevents material from accumulating and scattering away from the conveyor belt.
  • the conveyor belt uses a material having a certain viscosity such as rubber, plastic or smooth metal as a surface. During the conveyance, the material extruded through the extrusion hole (42) is distributed in a strip shape on the conveyor belt.
  • the product becomes straight and slender due to the pulling action of the viscous material; when the conveying speed of the conveyor belt (72) is less than the production speed of the material extrusion At the same time, due to the detachment of the viscous material and the free accumulation of the material, the finished product is a product with a certain degree of distortion.
  • the optional speed of the conveyor belt is 2 to 25 cm / sec, preferably 5-8 cm / sec.
  • the rotation of the extrusion disk can also form a special form such as a entanglement or a spiral.
  • FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 are schematic diagrams showing the distribution of the cutting device (90) and the conveying device of the present invention.
  • the conveying device is a segment of all the conveying devices, and only represents two adjacent conveying devices and the cutting device located therein.
  • the conveying device includes a front conveying device (70) and a rear conveying device (70'), wherein The conveying device setting (70,) is lower than the (70) of the front conveying device, and the two-part conveying device is in close contact with each other, and the conveying direction of the unprocessed continuous material (200) is transmitted from the front conveyor belt to the rear conveyor belt, that is, as shown in the figure The left-to-right direction shown in 10.
  • a guide surface (75) is provided at the end of the front conveyor (70), and is fixedly supported by a fixed strut (74).
  • the guide surface (75) and the roller (71) are disposed close to each other, and are located at the end of the roller, that is, the position inclined downward, so that the material can be directly slid onto the guide surface by the conveyor belt, and the continuous material is pushed through thereafter. Squeeze so that it slides along the guide surface to the rear conveyor and is suspended after the guide surface.
  • a high pressure water jet cutting device (90) including an injection port (91) for ejecting a liquid stream (generally a water flow), the position of the injection port being relative to the vertical direction Slightly inclined and almost perpendicular to the upper surface of the guide face, angle between 85 ° and 95 °.
  • the high pressure jet (92) is intermittently ejected, and the material is cut off at the suspended position of the material, and the cut material is continuously conveyed to the subsequent device by the dragging force transmitted underneath to form a segment material having substantially the same length.
  • a recovery device (93) is provided for collecting the severed material fragments and the debris directed to the lower portion at the junction via the two conveyors.
  • the high pressure water jets may be arranged in a plurality of side by side so as to simultaneously cut the long straight strip material covered by the entire conveyor belt surface.
  • the interval of the high pressure water jet is uniformly adjusted according to the speed of the conveyor belt, and the product of the interval time and the conveyor speed of the conveyor belt is equal to a range of 30 cm to 75 cm.
  • the specification of the product material can be adjusted by individually adjusting the conveyor speed or the injection interval time.
  • the cavity of the screw extruder (10) has an inner cavity (6), and an internal screw (1, 2, 3)
  • the overall combination also includes a feed slot (5) for the premixed material to enter the extrusion device; the inner cavity (6) is shaped to fit against the edge of the screw structure; the inner cavity (6) An outer cavity (7) is further disposed, and the inner cavity is sealed with a three-screw structure consisting of three screws and supported between the outer cavity (7). And three screws are arranged in two layers of the screw group (1, 2) and the lower layer screw (3).
  • the upper screw group comprises a first upper layer screw (1) and a second upper layer screw (2), the two screws have the same height, do not contact each other, and rotate in the same direction, and the material falls into the upper layer screw through the feed slot (5)
  • the lower screw (3) and the upper screw group (1, 2) are respectively engaged, and the rotation direction of the lower screw (3) is opposite to the rotation direction of the upper screw group.
  • the angle between the axis of the two upper screws and the lower screw axis is 75-85 °, preferably 80-83 °.
  • the bottom of the screw extruder is provided with a constant temperature layer (9) filled with a constant temperature liquid or steam to ensure that the overall temperature of the device is greater than 40 ° C.
  • the material entering the intermediate portion is partially pressed into the bottom of the screw group by the lower screw and the second upper screw (2), and the remaining portion enters the transmission path of the second upper screw (2).
  • the bottom material is co-extruded by the first upper layer screw (1), partially enters the first upper layer screw, and is again pressed with the lower layer screw; the remaining portion enters the intermediate portion.
  • the material entering the intermediate zone and the material falling directly from the feed chute are extruded through the lower screw and the second upper screw into the bottom and the second upper screw, respectively. It is worth noting that in this three-screw extruder, the time during which the material resides in the lower screw is more than 65% to 80% of the total, and only part of the material is squeezed. Pressing back into the upper layer screw is related to the viscosity characteristics of the material itself. The material with higher viscosity will have a larger proportion of extrusion into the upper layer.
  • a fixed structure is arranged between the inner cavity and the outer cavity to maintain the stability of the two-layer cavity, and the fixed structure is a conventional mechanical configuration such as a fixed flange or a fixed bracket; and the fixed structure can also A buffer layer made of a porous material.
  • a temperature adjusting device (8) specifically a heating device, may be selected as a resistance wire heater or a steam nozzle, and passed through A temperature sensor is provided at different positions in the axial direction of the extruder to detect the temperature of each segment. Then, the heating device is arranged in each axial direction, and is adjusted by an electric heating control circuit or a steam valve to achieve multi-stage temperature control, which is convenient for temperature control of extruded products of different extrusion degrees and positions.
  • each screw being divided into a plurality of sections, including a squeeze end (106), along The first extrusion section (101), the second extrusion section (102), the third extrusion section (103), the fourth extrusion section (104) and the fifth extrusion section (105) are sequentially disposed in the axial direction.
  • the thread density of each extrusion section is different, wherein the first extrusion section closest to the end (106) has the highest thread density, followed by the second extrusion section and the fourth extrusion section, the third extrusion section and the The five extrusion segments have a lower thread density.
  • the heating device (8) is also allocated one by one, and can be divided into a first heating device (81) and a second heating device (82) according to different pressing segments. , a third heating device (83), a fourth heating device (84), and a fifth heating device (85). and, The heating device is located between the two screws and is controlled by a separate temperature adjustment device.
  • the heating device is a coiled thermal resistor, and a temperature sensor is provided at each of the corresponding heating devices, so as to adjust the temperature of each specific point, and stepwise temperature control can be realized.
  • the extrusion temperature of the screw extruder is generally controlled at 45-60 ° C, wherein at the fifth extrusion section where the material enters, the temperature is controlled at 45-50 ° C, and the temperature at the fourth extrusion section is 50-55 ⁇ .
  • the temperature at the third extrusion section is 45-55 ° C, and the temperature of the first and second extrusion sections is 55-60 ° C.
  • FIG. 6 there is shown an orthogonal distribution structure diagram of a double extruder of the present invention.
  • the combined screw type extrusion apparatus of the present invention wherein the extrusion molding apparatus comprises two or more screw extruders (10), and two sets of extruders are arranged to face each other and communicate to the same extrusion die (40).
  • the two extrusion discs (41) are distributed orthogonally to the screw extruder.
  • a disassembly groove is arranged on the inner cavity of the screw, and the disassembly groove is distributed along the axial direction in the direction of the tangent plane of the contact points of the two screws. Moreover, after the disassembly groove is cut and broken along its length direction, the inner cavity can be smashed, thereby taking out the screws respectively wrapped in the cavity, and separately cleaning and maintaining. It can be retrofitted with a new inner cavity.
  • a conveying device is disposed under the cutting device, and the conveying device receives the cut-formed product of the cutting device and conveys it to a drying processing device.
  • the transfer device is more specifically a conveyor belt located directly below the extrusion port and having a funnel-shaped casing on the outside to prevent the product from being scattered outside the conveyor belt after being extruded.
  • a liquid film coating system or a spraying system is also provided, and a coating material such as an edible coating film, cooking oil, grease or the like is applied to the product.
  • the coating film can prevent the mutual adhesion of the grain hydrates, adhesion to the machine, further prevent cracking which may occur during the subsequent drying process, and also contribute to maintaining the shape of the grain hydrate.

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Description

一体化挤压成型设备 技术领域
本发明涉及一种一体化挤压成型设备,具体地说是采用螺杆挤压机和配套的 挤出、涂覆、 切断等装置来对预混合的米粉团或面团进行加工的设备, 属于食品 加工技术领域。
背景技术
随着对食品的营养的要求的日益增加,各种复合营养素的谷物产品及其生产 方法也迅速地发展着, 从早期的酸预蒸法工艺、直接浸吸法和涂膜法等工艺, 发 展到如今比较完备的:从谷物粉碎一预处理一与营养素混合一挤压一成型一干燥 —筛选一按比例配米, 最后得到营养素强化复合谷物的工艺流程。
而其中的挤压 -成型的步骤是生产过程中的重要环节, 一般采取的单螺杆或 者双螺杆挤压机, 将谷物粉末的水合物挤压后通过一定的形状模具, 经切割而得 到所需要的形状、 尺寸的谷物类食品, 并在相应的传送带上进行输送, 直至检验 和包装步骤。
参见附图 1, 国际公幵文本 (WO01〃2151 ) 公开了一种一体化的复合谷物 混合、 挤压、 成型设备。 包括原料混合装置, 双螺杆挤压机, 挤出装置, 切割成 型设备。 其中的原料混合装置与双螺杆挤压机, 通过连通的垂直输送管道相连, 并且在管道中设有控制阀, 以调整预混原料进入挤压机的速度以及产品效率。双 螺杆挤压机中平行布置有两个螺纹相互咬合的螺杆, 相向转动, 使由上而下输送 的物料能够进行充分地压实和输送。在挤压机的末端具有挤出盘, 挤出盘上开设 有多个挤出孔, 紧贴挤出孔处设置有切割装置, 能够将挤压出的条状物料切割成 所需要的长条状、 粒状或片状产品, 以符合各种谷物复合产品的需要。
参见附图 2, 美国专利 (US5350585 ) 公幵一种挤压机的双螺杆结构。 所述 的双螺杆结构分为多段, 其螺紋密度均不一致, 以配合挤压过程中的各个阶段的 需要。 同时, 螺杆中也开设有空洞, 以便于物料在螺杆挤压机中充分混合。 然而, 传统的螺杆挤压成型机仍有一些不足:
1、 对于长条状物料需要进行切断, 而传统的设备采用机械刀具进行切割其 精确度和清洁难以保证。
2、 传统的螺杆挤压机的螺杆直接放置于椭圆形或圆形截面的腔体中, 再挤 压和输送过程中, 物料易于在某些部位产生堆积, 从而使挤压效果降低。
3、 并且由于螺杆腔体内经常有堆积现象, 而长期未能得到充分挤压的这些 堆积物, 经过一段时间后会凝结成块, 从而影响整体产品产出效率以及产品的均 匀程度, 需要经常清理。 然而传统的双螺杆挤压机的螺杆更换过程困难, 且在停 机之后, 螺杆因相互咬合的结构, 依然会产生机械转动, 容易造成事故。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种一体化挤压成型设备, 依次包括进料装置 (20), 螺杆挤 压机 (10), 挤出模具 (40), 回转马达箱 (50), 涂覆装置, 传送装置 (70) 以 及切断装置 (90), 其中: 所述进料装置 (20) 为带有流量控制阀和监测设备的 进料漏斗; 所述螺杆挤压机(10)包括安装螺杆的腔体, 支撑支柱, 以及与腔体 内部相互密闭咬合的多根螺杆; 所述挤出模具 (40) 共有两个挤出盘 (41 ), 挤 出盘为锥台形状, 且挤出口分布在圆盘的外环面上; 所述传送装置(70)设置在 挤出盘下方, 包括驱动滚轮和具有粘附性的传送带 (72);
相邻的传送带之间设置有切断装置(90), 包括喷射口 (91 ), 以及由喷射口 发出的高压射流 (92)以将条状的连续物料 (200)切为固定长度的段状物料 (210)。
上述的一体化挤压成型设备, 其中, 所述的传送装置(70)可分为一个前传 送装置 (70) 和一个后传送装置 (70' ), 相邻的的两个传送装置之间都有落差, 后传送装置 (70' ) 高度低于前传送装置 (70);
在前传送装置 (70) 的转动轴上, 设有固定支杆 (74) 和导架面 (75 ), 引 导条状连续物料至后传输装置 (70' ), 并使物料准确地被高压射流 (92) 切断。
上述的一体化挤压成型设备, 其中, 所述的喷射口 (91 ) 为倾斜的, 并且与 所述导架面 (75 ) 的角度为 85'C至 95Ό之间; 所述喷射口通过定时装置间歇式喷射射流, 使最后产品的长度基本均一。 上述的一体化挤压成型设备, 其中, 所述的螺杆挤压机中包含有三根螺杆, 所述的三根螺杆组成三螺杆结构, 且三根螺杆分上层螺杆组与下层螺杆两层排 布;
上层螺杆组包括第一上层螺杆 (1 ) 和第二上层螺杆 (2), 其两根上层螺杆 之间无接触, 两根螺杆的转动方向相一致; 下层螺杆 (3 ) 与上层螺杆 (1, 2) 分别密闭咬合, 且下层螺杆转动方向为与上层螺杆方向相反。
上述的一体化挤压成型设备, 其中, 所述的三螺杆结构, 位于下方的螺杆作 为主动螺杆, 由驱动马达驱动; 位于上方的两根螺杆作为从动螺杆, 由相互咬合 的螺纹带动转动。
上述的一体化挤压成型设备, 其中, 所述的三螺杆结构, 螺杆组的共三根螺 杆, 由驱动马达通过调速一致的齿轮驱动。
上述的一体化挤压成型设备, 其中, 所述的螺杆挤压机(10) 的腔体内具有 一内层腔体, 同内部螺杆整体结合; 内层腔体的形状紧贴螺杆结构的边缘设置; 内层腔体 (6) 外还设有一外层腔体 (7), 所述内层腔体内密封有多螺杆结构, 且支撑于外层腔体 (7) 之间。
上述的一体化挤压成型设备, 其中, 在所述的内层腔体与外层腔体之间还设 有一温度调节设备 (8 ), 底部有恒温层 (9)。
9. 如权利要求 8所述的一体化挤压成型设备, 其特征在于, 所述的温度调节设 备为电加热装置, 且沿螺杆腔体轴向分段布置有多个分别调控的温度控制装置。
上述的一体化挤压成型设备,其中, 所述的挤压成型设备包括两组或以上的 螺杆挤压机(10), 两组挤压机相向布置, 共用同一个挤出模具 (40), 所述的两 个挤出盘 (41 ) 与螺杆挤压机正交分布。
通过本发明所采用的技术方案, 可以得到以下优点:
1、 通过具有高低落差的传送装置与高压水刀系统实现挤压成型后的物料的 分段处理, 能够准确地获得指定长度的产品, 并且切割过程也清洁、 安全。
2、 提高挤压效率和空间的利用率, 能够在不扩大设备占用面积的情况下有 效增加单台挤压设备的最高产率。
3、 减少物料堆积现象, 并且降低了螺杆清洗更换的频率。 4、 便于螺杆的整体更换和修理, 避免更换螺杆过程中产生的安全问题, 并 且可以在不停机的情况下实现对外部腔体以及温度控制、 检测装置的检验检修。
5、 为挤压成型的过程中的分段控制和检修, 提供了可能性。
附图说明
图 1 现有技术的挤压机;
图 2 现有技术的双螺杆结构;
图 3 本发明挤压成型设备的水平视图;
图 4 本发明挤压成型设备的俯视图;
图 5 本发明的螺杆挤压机截面图;
图 6本发明的双挤压机正交分布图;
图 7本发明的挤压成型设备挤压螺杆控温装置与单根螺杆分布图。
图 8 本发明的挤出模具的内部结构图;
图 9本发明的挤出模具与传送带分布关系图;
图 10本发明的切断装置与传送装置分布示意图;
图 11 本发明的传送装置及其上的导架面示意图。 具体实施方式
参见附图 3及附图 4,为本发明挤压成型设备水平流程图以及设备的俯视图。 包括进料装置 (20), 螺杆挤压机 (10), 挤出模具 (40), 切割装置 (30), 回转 马达箱 (50), 其中, 所述进料装置 (20 ) 为带有流量控制阀和监测装置的进料 漏斗; 所述螺杆挤压机(10 )包括安装螺杆的腔体, 支撑支柱, 以及与腔体内部 相互密闭咬合的多根螺杆; 所述挤出模具 (40 ) 共有两个挤出盘 (41 ), 挤出盘 为锥台形状, 且挤出口分布在圆盘的外环面上。 物料通过进料装置(20)进入螺 杆挤压机 (10), 螺杆挤压机中有双螺杆或多螺杆结构进行水平的挤压和输送, 并且将所述物料最终堆积至靠近挤出模具(40)的一端, 通过持续的螺杆转动过 程, 将物料推挤入挤出模具, 并且经由模具内的挤出孔, 所述挤出孔分布在圆形 的挤出盘 (41 ) 上, 并且将物料由此挤出。 挤出模具 (40) 设备共有两个挤出盘 (41 ), 挤出盘均为锥台形状, 且在挤 出模具的一侧口径较小, 而在远离挤出模具的一侧口径较大。且挤出盘上分布有 挤出口 (42), 挤出口分布在圆盘的外环面上。 本发明优选的挤出孔布置方式, 如图 3所示的挤出圆盘(41 )上, 挤出口 3个一组排列, 且每组的 3个挤出口沿 圆盘切线方向布置。 可相对于圆盘按一定角度分配, 如 90° 夹角, 共分配 4组。 或者也可以采取 120° 夹角分配 3组或者 60° 夹角分配 6组等其他均布方式。挤 出盘(41 )的直径一般选择为 15至 65厘米之间, 优选为 15厘米至 30厘米直径 的挤出盘。 挤出口 (42) 的直径控制为 1毫米至 15毫米之间, 根据不同的产品 要求可选择具有不同的直径挤出孔的挤出盘作为替换。其中优选用于制造生产复 原米粒设备的挤出口的孔直径为 1.2毫米或 3.8毫米, 以使成品最终粒度能够接 近天然大米。 所述挤出口的形状也可采用正方形、 长方形、 椭圆形等其他形状。
参见图 8, 本发明的挤压成型装置中的挤压装置中央部分, 是一个贮存腔 (43 ), 用于贮存从挤压螺杆输送至挤出模具(40)中的物料。并且, 在螺杆(1, 2) 与贮存腔输送的入口处两侧, 另外设有挡块 (44) 以防止物料回流和堆积于 转角处。 所述的挤出盘 (41 ) 上三个一组的挤出口 (42), 其形状为内大外小的 锥形, 利于物料在挤压出挤出盘时能够继续保持一定的密实程度。
参见图 9, 为本发明的挤出模具(40)与传送装置(70)处于垂直分布状态, 所述传送带(72)位于挤出盘(41 )的正下方, 同时,传送装置两端设有挡板(73 ) 以防止物料堆积后散落离传送带。所述传送带采用橡胶、 塑料、 光滑金属等具有 一定粘性的材料作为表面, 传送过程中, 通过挤出孔(42)挤出的物料呈条状分 布在传送带上。 当传送带(72)传送速度大于物料挤出的产生速度的时候, 由于 粘性材料的拉拽作用, 使产品变得直而细长; 当传送带(72)的传送速度小于物 料挤出的产生速度的时候, 同样由于粘性材料的推移作用以及物料的自由堆积, 得到的成品为具有一定扭曲程度的产品。 传送带的可选速度为 2至 25厘米 /秒, 优选为 5-8厘米 /秒。 并且, 所述挤出盘的转动, 也能够使产品形成缠绕、 螺旋等 特殊形态。
参见图 10及图 11, 为本发明的切断装置 (90) 与传送装置分布示意图, 所 述传送装置为所有传送装置中的一段,仅表示相邻的两个传送装置及位于此处的 切断装置。 所述传送装置包括前传送装置 (70)和后传送装置 (70' ), 其中, 后 传送装置设置 (70,) 在低于前传送装置的 (70), 且两部分传送装置相互紧贴, 未加工的连续物料 (200) 的传送方向为由前传送带向后传送带传输, 即如图 10 中所示的从左向右的方向。 在前传送装置 (70) 末端设置有导架面 (75 ), 通过 固定支杆 (74) 固定支撑。 导架面(75 )与滚轮(71 )相互靠近设置, 且其位于 滚轮的末端, 即向下倾斜的位置处, 便于物料直接经用传送带滑至导架面上, 通 过其后的连续物料推挤, 使之沿导架面滑向后传送装置上, 并于导架面之后处于 悬空状态。在相邻两个传送装置的接合处的上方,设置有高压水刀切断装置 (90), 包括用于喷射液流 (一般为水流) 的喷射口 (91 ), 喷射口的位置相对于垂直方 向略有倾斜, 且与导架面的上表面几乎垂直, 角度为 85 ° 至 95° 之间。 通过控 制器控制, 间歇地喷射出高压射流 (92), 于物料的悬空处切断物料, 被切断的 物料经用下方传送的拖拽力, 继续向后续装置传送, 形成长度基本一致的段状物 料 (210)。 在高压水刀的轨迹后, 设置有回收装置 (93 ), 用于收集切断的物料 碎片, 以及部分经由两个传送装置在交界处引导至下方的碎屑。
此外, 所述的高压水刀可以并排设置多个, 以便于同时切割整个传送带面所 覆盖的长直条物料。 其中, 高压水刀的间隔时间根据传送带的速度共同调配, 且 满足间隔时间与传送带传送速度的乘积等于 30cm至 75cm的范围。 并且, 可以 通过单独调节传送带速度或喷射间隔时间来调整产品物料的规格。
参见图 5 , 为本发明优选实施例的螺杆挤压机的截面视图, 所述的螺杆挤压 机 (10) 的腔体内具有一内层腔体 (6), 同内部螺杆 (1, 2, 3 ) 整体结合, 还 包括一个进料槽口 (5 ), 用于让预混原料进入挤压设备; 内层腔体 (6) 的形状 紧贴螺杆结构的边缘设置; 内层腔体 (6) 外还设有一外层腔体 (7), 所述内层 腔体内密封有三根螺杆组成的三螺杆结构, 且支撑于外层腔体 (7) 之间。 且三 根螺杆分 ^层螺杆组 (1, 2 ) 与下层螺杆 (3 ) 两层排布。 其中, 上层螺杆组包 括第一上层螺杆 (1 ) 和第二上层螺杆 (2), 两根螺杆高度相同, 相互不接触, 且转动方向相同, 物料通过进料槽口 (5 ) 落入上层螺杆之间, 经过螺杆挤压和 碾磨进入腔体中间区域。 下层螺杆 (3 ) 与上层螺杆组 (1, 2 ) 分别咬合, 下层 螺杆 (3 ) 的转动方向与上层螺杆组的转动方向相反。 两根上层螺杆的轴心与下 层螺杆轴心连线所成的夹角为 75-85 ° , 其中优选 80-83 ° 。 所属螺杆挤压机的 底部设有恒温层(9), 内填充有恒温液体或蒸汽, 以保证装置的整体温度在大于 40°C。
因此, 进入中间区域的物料由下层螺杆与第二上层螺杆 (2 ) 挤压后部分进 入螺杆组底部, 其余部分进入第二上层螺杆 (2 ) 的传输轨迹中。 随后, 底部的 物料经第一上层螺杆 (1 ) 共同挤压后, 部分进入第一上层螺杆中, 再次与下层 螺杆进行挤压; 其余部分则进入中间区域。进入中间区域的物料以及直接由进料 槽口落入的物料, 经由下层螺杆和第二上层螺杆挤压, 分别进入底部和第二上层 螺杆中。值得注意的是, 在此种三螺杆结构的挤压机中, 物料驻留在下层螺杆中 输送挤压的时间所占比重较多, 占总体的 65%〜80%, 而只有部分物料经过挤压 回到上层螺杆中, 同时与物料本身的粘度特性有关, 粘度较大的物料, 进入上层 螺杆挤压的比例会较大。
因此,除了常规的利用齿轮结构达到同时驱动三根螺杆的转动驱动装置来实 施挤压外, 也可以通过仅驱动下层螺杆的方式来进行使上方两根螺杆沿螺紋从 动, 实现物料的挤压, 并有效地减小过多空转和功率消耗, 实现输出功率的最大 限度的利用。
在所述的内层腔体和外层腔体之间具有固定结构, 以维持两层腔体的稳定, 固定结构为固定法兰、 固定支架等常规机械构型; 并且所述固定结构也可以为多 孔材料制成的缓冲层。 并且, 在所述的外层腔体与内层腔体的底部空隙中, 设置 有温度调节装置(8), 具体来说为加热装置, 可选择为电阻丝加热器或者蒸汽喷 孔, 并且通过设置在挤压机轴向不同位置的温度传感器来检测各段的温度。再由 设置在轴向各段的加热装置, 通过电热控制电路或者蒸汽阀门来调节,达到多段 温度控制, 便于对不同挤压程度和位置的挤压产品进行温度控制。
参见图 7, 为本发明的分段加热螺杆装置的视图, 如图所示, 仅标识出一根 下层螺杆(3 ), 每根螺杆都被分为多段, 包括挤压末端 (106), 沿轴向依次分布 有第一挤压段(101 ), 第二挤压段(102),第三挤压段(103 ),第四挤压段(104) 和第五挤压段(105 )。 每段挤压段的螺纹密度均不相同, 其中最靠近末端(106) 的第一挤压段螺纹密度最大, 其次是第二挤压段和第四挤压段, 第三挤压段及第 五挤压段螺纹密度较小。 并且, 在相应的各挤压段的附近, 也逐段分配有加热装 置 (8 ), 并且具体可根据不同的挤压段, 分为第一加热装置 (81 ), 第二加热装 置(82), 第三加热装置(83 ), 第四加热装置(84), 第五加热装置(85 )。 并且, 所述的加热装置处于两根螺杆下方中间, 各自由单独的温度调节装置控制。在本 发明中,所述的加热装置为盘绕的热电阻, 并且在相应的加热装置处均设有温度 传感器, 以便于调节各具体点位的温度情况, 可以实现阶梯状控温。 螺杆挤压机 的挤压温度一般控制在 45-60°C, 其中在物料进入的第五挤压段处, 温度控制在 45-50°C , 第四挤压段处温度为 50-55Ό , 第三挤压段处温度为 45-55 °C, 第一及 第二挤压段温度为 55-60 °C。
参见图 6, 为本发明的双挤压机正交分布结构图。 包括两组的螺杆挤压机 ( 10),两组挤压机相向布置,共用同一个挤出模具(40),所述的两个挤出盘(41 ) 与螺杆挤压机正交分布。 同时, 也可以采取上下分层方式来实现两组以上的螺杆 挤压机 (10) 共用同一挤出模具 (40), 并且所述挤出模具 (40) 的内壁需经过 扩容和结构强化, 以使其能够承受多组挤压机共同产生的巨大压力。
本发明的组合螺杆式挤压装置, 其中, 所述的挤压成型装置包括两组或以上 的螺杆挤压机(10), 两组挤压机相向布置, 连通至同一个挤出模具 (40), 所述 的两个挤出盘 (41 ) 与螺杆挤压机正交分布。
上述的组合螺杆式挤压装置, 其中, 所述的螺杆挤压机(10)在更换螺杆过 程中, 通过停止螺杆驱动轴, 随后将螺杆与包覆在螺杆外侧的内层腔体共同松开 至一定程度, 即离开驱动轴固定部位 25至 50厘米处, 以机械臂或者吊挂系统, 将螺杆内层腔体与内部的螺杆同时替换,并将新的螺杆腔体与螺杆安装至机械设 备之上。
在螺杆的内层腔体上设有拆卸槽, 拆卸槽沿轴向分布, 位于两个螺杆接触点 的切面方向上。 并且, 通过将拆卸槽沿其长度方向切割破坏后, 可将内层腔体打 幵, 从而取出分别包覆在腔体内的螺杆, 单独清洗和维护。 并可以套上新的内层 腔体来循环使用。
本发明的挤压成形装置, 其中, 所述的切割装置下方, 设置有传送装置, 传 送装置承接切割装置切割成型的产品,运送至一烘干处理装置。传送装置更具体 地为一传送带, 其位于挤出口的正下方, 且外侧包覆有漏斗状箱体, 以避免产品 挤出后散落于传送带外。
传送带的传送方向上,还设置有液膜涂覆系统或者喷涂系统,将可食用的涂 膜、 食用油、 油脂等涂覆材料涂覆于产品上。 涂覆膜可以起到防止谷物水合物的相互粘连、与机器的粘连,进一步防止后 续千燥过程中可能发生的开裂, 也利于维持谷物水合物的形状。
上述内容为本发明的具体实施例的例举, 对于其中未详尽描述的设备和结 构, 应当理解为采取本领域已有的普通设备来予以实施。

Claims

1. 一种一体化挤压成型设备, 依次包括进料装置 (20), 螺杆挤压机 (10), 挤 出模具(40), 回转马达箱(50), 涂覆装置, 传送装置(70)以及切断装置(90), 其特征在于: 所述进料装置(20)为带有流量控制阀和监测设备的进料漏斗; 所 述螺杆挤压机(10)包括安装螺杆的腔体, 支撑支柱, 以及与腔体内部相互密闭 咬合的多根螺杆; 所述挤出模具 (40) 共有两个挤出盘 (41 ), 挤出盘为锥台形 状, 且挤出口分布在圆盘的外环面上; 所述传送装置 (70) 设置在挤出盘下方, 包括驱动滚轮和具有粘附性的传送带 (72);
相邻的传送带之间设置有切断装置(90), 包括喷射口 (91 ), 以及由喷射口 发出的高压射流 (92)以将条状的连续物料 (200)切为固定长度的段状物料 (210)。
2.如权利要求 1所述的一体化挤压成型设备,其特征在于,所述的传送装置(70) 可分为一个前传送装置 (70)和一个后传送装置 (70' ), 相邻的的两个传送装置 之间都有落差, 后传送装置 (70' ) 高度低于前传送装置 (70);
在前传送装置 (70) 的转动轴上, 设有固定支杆 (74) 和导架面 (75 ), 引 导条状连续物料至后传输装置 (70' ), 并使物料准确地被高压射流 (92) 切断。
3. 如权利要求 2所述的一体化挤压成型设备, 其特征在于, 所述的喷射口 (91 ) 为倾斜的, 并且与所述导架面 (75 ) 的角度为 85° 至 95° 之间;
所述喷射口通过定时装置间歇式喷射射流, 使最后产品的长度基本均一。
4. 如权利要求 1所述的一体化挤压成型设备, 其特征在于, 所述的螺杆挤压机 中包含有三根螺杆, 所述的三根螺杆组成三螺杆结构, 且三根螺杆分上层螺杆组 与下层螺杆两层排布;
上层螺杆组包括第一上层螺杆 (1 ) 和第二上层螺杆 (2), 其两根上层螺杆 之间无接触, 两根螺杆的转动方向相一致; 下层螺杆 (3 ) 与上层螺杆 (1, 2) 分别密闭咬合, 且下层螺杆转动方向为与上层螺杆方向相反。
5. 如权利要求 4所述的一体化挤压成型设备, 其特征在于, 所述的三螺杆结构, 位于下方的螺杆作为主动螺杆, 由驱动马达驱动; 位于上方的两根螺杆作为从动 螺杆, 由相互咬合的螺纹带动转动。
6. 如权利要求 4所述的一体化挤压成型设备, 其特征在于, 所述的三螺杆结构, 螺杆组的共三根螺杆, 由驱动马达通过调速一致的齿轮驱动。
7. 如权利要求 1至 6中任意一项所述的一体化挤压成型设备, 其特征在于, 所 述的螺杆挤压机(10) 的腔体内具有一内层腔体, 同内部螺杆整体结合; 内层腔 体的形状紧贴螺杆结构的边缘设置; 内层腔体 (6) 外还设有一外层腔体 (7), 所述内层腔体内密封有多螺杆结构, 且支撑于外层腔体 (7) 之间。
8. 如权利要求 7所述的一体化挤压成型设备, 其特征在于, 在所述的内层腔体 与外层腔体之间还设有一温度调节设备 (8), 底部有恒温层 (9)。
9. 如权利要求 8所述的一体化挤压成型设备, 其特征在于, 所述的温度调节设 备为电加热装置, 且沿螺杆腔体轴向分段布置有多个分别调控的温度控制装置。
10. 如权利要求 9所述的一体化挤压成型设备, 其特征在于, 所述的挤压成型设 备包括两组或以上的螺杆挤压机 (10), 两组挤压机相向布置, 共用同一个挤出 模具 (40), 所述的两个挤出盘 (41 ) 与螺杆挤压机正交分布。
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CN107791326A (zh) * 2017-09-08 2018-03-13 广东工业大学 一种板料水射流自动加工生产线及加工方法
CN107791326B (zh) * 2017-09-08 2023-11-07 广东工业大学 一种板料水射流自动加工生产线及加工方法
CN110394300A (zh) * 2019-07-10 2019-11-01 内江良辉药业有限公司 一种胆南星成型机及其使用方法
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