WO2010119594A1 - 鋳片表面温度測定装置および鋳片表面温度測定方法 - Google Patents
鋳片表面温度測定装置および鋳片表面温度測定方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010119594A1 WO2010119594A1 PCT/JP2010/000081 JP2010000081W WO2010119594A1 WO 2010119594 A1 WO2010119594 A1 WO 2010119594A1 JP 2010000081 W JP2010000081 W JP 2010000081W WO 2010119594 A1 WO2010119594 A1 WO 2010119594A1
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- slab
- surface temperature
- magnetic field
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- temperature measuring
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
- G01K7/36—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using magnetic elements, e.g. magnets, coils
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D2/00—Arrangement of indicating or measuring devices, e.g. for temperature or viscosity of the fused mass
- B22D2/006—Arrangement of indicating or measuring devices, e.g. for temperature or viscosity of the fused mass for the temperature of the molten metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D2/00—Arrangement of indicating or measuring devices, e.g. for temperature or viscosity of the fused mass
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K13/00—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K13/00—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01K13/04—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring temperature of moving solid bodies
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
- G01K7/36—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using magnetic elements, e.g. magnets, coils
- G01K7/38—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using magnetic elements, e.g. magnets, coils the variations of temperature influencing the magnetic permeability
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a slab surface temperature measuring device and a slab surface temperature measuring method capable of stably measuring a slab surface temperature for a long time even under a severe atmosphere.
- a radiation thermometer there are restrictions depending on the measurement site. Specifically, there is no water vapor or water in the atmosphere between the measurement site and the radiation thermometer, and when there is water vapor or water, the water vapor or water on the front of the radiation thermometer is not affected by water vapor or water. It is necessary to measure while blowing off with high-pressure air.
- thermocouples are embedded in a mold copper plate and the temperature change of the slab surface is monitored by these thermocouples.
- the change in the slab surface temperature can be measured with high sensitivity if it is close to the level of the molten metal surface in the mold, but an air gap is formed between the slab surface and the copper plate in the mold below the mold. It is difficult to accurately measure the slab surface temperature.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and the purpose thereof is a slab surface capable of stably measuring a slab surface temperature for a long time even in a harsh atmosphere where a large amount of water, water vapor, or the like is present.
- the object is to provide a temperature measuring device and a slab surface temperature measuring method.
- a slab surface temperature measuring device includes a magnetic field excitation means for applying an alternating magnetic field substantially perpendicularly to a surface of a slab; and the magnetic field lines that change according to the surface temperature of the slab.
- Magnetic field detection means for detecting an alternating magnetic field; and the surface temperature of the slab is derived from induced electromotive force obtained by detecting the alternating magnetic field by the magnetic field detection means and predetermined correspondence data.
- Surface temperature deriving means; and the magnetic field excitation means has a solenoid-like excitation coil; and the magnetic field detection means is a solenoid-like element disposed between the surface of the slab and the excitation coil.
- the correspondence relationship data is data representing the correspondence relationship between the slab surface temperature and the induced electromotive force in a temperature section sandwiching a predetermined Curie point therebetween.
- the detection coil is arranged between the surface of the slab and the exciting coil, so that it is less susceptible to the low temperature part near the slab corner.
- the slab surface temperature at the front surface of the detection coil that is, near the center of the slab short piece can be measured with higher accuracy.
- the lower limit of the slab surface temperature is about the Curie point minus 200 ° C.
- the upper limit is the Curie point plus about 100 ° C. This is due to the temperature dependence of the magnetic properties of steel (from normal temperature to the Curie point, it is ferromagnetic, changes to paramagnetic above the Curie point, and further changes to non-magnetic at high temperatures).
- the region to which the magnetic field is applied is a non-magnetic material, the lines of magnetic force do not change depending on whether the magnetic field is applied.
- the temperature of the region to which the magnetic field is applied is lowered to become a paramagnetic material or a ferromagnetic material, the magnetic field lines are concentrated on the portion, so that the magnetic field lines change. Note that the change in magnetic field lines becomes more prominent under the condition of the ferromagnetic material.
- the magnetic field is applied to a ferromagnetic material, and when the magnetic saturation occurs in that region, the magnetic field lines do not change any further, and thus no voltage change is observed. Therefore, once magnetic saturation occurs, no change in magnetic field lines, that is, no change in voltage, can be seen even if the temperature drops further. In this way, the upper and lower limits of the measurement temperature are determined.
- the correspondence relationship data may be a mathematical expression indicating a correspondence relationship between the slab surface temperature and the induced electromotive force.
- the slab is a slab obtained by continuous casting using a mold and drawn from below the mold; the magnetic field excitation means and the magnetic field detection The means is disposed on the short side of the slab immediately below the mold and below the cooling zone for cooling the short side of the slab; the configuration may be adopted.
- the surface temperature of the slab is once cooled to the Curie point or less in a cooling zone that cools the short side of the slab, and immediately after that, the surface temperature of the portion where the surface temperature of the slab rises due to recuperation is measured. be able to.
- the applied frequency of the magnetic field excited by the magnetic field exciting means is 0.5 Hz or more and 20 Hz or less.
- the slab surface temperature measuring method of the present invention is a method of measuring the surface temperature of the slab using the slab surface temperature measuring device according to any one of (1) to (4) above.
- the slab surface can be stably stably for a long time even in a harsh atmosphere where a large amount of water, water vapor, or the like is present. Can measure temperature.
- template It is a schematic diagram explaining the basic principle of the method of measuring slab surface temperature. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the slab surface temperature measuring apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a graph which shows the relationship between slab surface temperature and a sensor voltage. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the sensor voltage and slab surface temperature in the temperature range from 550 degreeC to 850 degreeC shown in FIG. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the frequency applied to an exciting coil, and skin depth.
- the slab In the lower part of the long side of the mold, the slab is supported by a large number of rolls until the vicinity of the position where the slab drawn from directly under the mold finally solidifies, but in the lower part of the short side, The slab is only supported by several rolls provided directly under the mold. Therefore, the long side of the slab can be cooled by placing a cooling nozzle tip between the rolls to the solidification completion position, but on the short side, the surface temperature is within the range from just below the mold to the position where the roll is located. Therefore, it is necessary to secure a solidified shell thickness that can withstand the molten steel head. Therefore, the short side of the slab immediately below the mold is strongly cooled with water or the like, and thereby the temperature change on the slab surface takes a temperature pattern as schematically shown in FIG.
- the slab surface temperature is once lowered to the Curie point Tc or less by strong cooling from the short side of the slab and then rises by recuperation.
- the Curie point is the magnetic transformation point. Steel changes from a room temperature to a Curie point to a ferromagnetic material, a paramagnetic material above the Curie point, and a non-magnetic material at a higher temperature.
- the slab surface temperature is measured using a temperature sensor utilizing this property.
- FIG. 2A is a schematic diagram for explaining a basic principle of a method for measuring a slab surface temperature
- FIG. 2B is a block diagram showing a configuration of a slab surface temperature measuring apparatus according to this embodiment.
- the basic principle of the method for measuring the slab surface temperature will be described below with reference to FIG. 2A.
- a vertical magnetic field is applied to the surface of the slab 1 by the exciting coil 2.
- the detection coil 3 since the lines of magnetic force change depending on the surface temperature of the slab 1, the change of the magnetic lines of force is detected by the detection coil 3.
- the surface temperature of the slab 1 can be measured by using the induced electromotive force obtained by this detection and the relational expression between the slab surface temperature and the induced electromotive force that are determined in advance.
- the slab surface temperature measuring device of this embodiment includes a solenoid-like excitation coil 2 that applies an alternating magnetic field to the surface of the slab 1; and a solenoid-like detection that detects a change in magnetic field lines.
- the coil 3 and a calculation means (not shown) for calculating the slab surface temperature using a relational expression showing a relationship between a predetermined slab surface temperature and an induced electromotive force are provided as main components.
- the detection coil 3 is disposed in front of the excitation coil 2 (that is, between the surface of the slab 1 and the excitation coil 2). The reason will be described later.
- the exciting coil 2 is obtained by winding a polyester-coated copper wire 5 having an outer diameter of 1 mm around a glass epoxy pipe 4 having an outer diameter of 30 mm 500 times.
- the detection coil 3 is obtained by winding a polyester-coated copper wire 6 having an outer diameter of 0.3 mm around a glass epoxy pipe 4 40 times.
- the coil device set including the excitation coil 2 and the detection coil 3 is housed in a stainless steel cylindrical case (not shown) as a sensor. The inside of the cylindrical case is forcibly cooled by dry air supplied from a device (not shown).
- a constant current amplifier 7 is connected to the exciting coil 2 by wiring, and an oscillator 8 is connected to the constant current amplifier 7.
- a signal processor 9 is connected to the detection coil 3 by wiring.
- the signal processor 9 includes an operational amplifier, a resistor, a capacitor, and the like, and has a voltage amplification and filter processing function such as a low-pass filter and a band-pass filter.
- a lock-in amplifier 10 is connected to the signal processor 9.
- the lock-in amplifier 10 is an analog device that takes a 1.5 Hz signal from the constant current amplifier 7 as a reference signal and outputs a voltage having the same frequency, and can detect a phase difference from the reference signal.
- the functions of the signal processor 9 and the lock-in amplifier 10 can be replaced with the functions of a personal computer (not shown). In that case, a signal (change in magnetic field lines) detected by the detection coil 3 is taken into a personal computer through an AD converter, and the functions of the signal processor 9 and the lock-in amplifier 10 may be realized by program software.
- the slab surface temperature measuring device is fixed to the slab short side below the cooling zone that strongly cools the short side of the slab 1 directly under the mold.
- the reason why the slab 1 is fixed below the cooling zone is that the slab 1 is once cooled in the cooling zone immediately below the mold until the slab surface temperature falls below the Curie point, and immediately after that, the slab surface temperature rises due to recuperation. This is because the surface temperature of the portion to be measured is measured.
- the center of the inner diameter (or outer diameter) of the glass epoxy pipe 4 and the center position of the short side of the slab 1 are opposed to each other. It is preferable to arrange
- an AC signal of 1.5 Hz is generated by the oscillator 8, and the AC signal is amplified to an AC current of a constant magnitude by the constant current amplifier 7 and is supplied to the exciting coil 2.
- the exciting coil 2 excites the alternating magnetic flux ⁇ on the slab 1. That is, an alternating magnetic field is applied almost perpendicularly to the surface on the short side of the slab 1 by the exciting coil 2.
- the surface of the slab 1 is a non-magnetic material, as shown by a broken line in FIG. 2A, the magnetic field spreads and penetrates into the slab 1 as in a vacuum.
- the magnetic field lines greatly change due to the concentration of the magnetic field at that portion as shown by the solid line in FIG. 2A.
- This change in magnetic field lines is determined by the surface temperature of the slab 1, that is, the magnetic permeability of the surface of the slab 1. Therefore, the change in the magnetic field lines is detected by the detection coil 3.
- An AC voltage of N ⁇ d ⁇ c / dt (N: the number of turns of the detection coil 3, ⁇ c: the number of flux linkages of the detection coil 3, t: time) is induced in the detection coil 3.
- the AC voltage is subjected to noise removal through a 5 Hz low-pass filter by the signal processor 9 and processed by the lock-in amplifier 10 to detect a voltage value of a frequency component of 1.5 Hz.
- the calculation means calculates the surface temperature of the slab 1 based on the induced electromotive force obtained by detecting the change in the lines of magnetic force by the detection coil 3 and the relational expression. In this way, the surface temperature of the slab 1 can be measured.
- the slab surface temperature and the induced electromotive force that is, the voltage detected by the detection coil 3. It is necessary to predetermine a relational expression indicating the relationship between Then, since the experiment for deriving an example of the relational expression was conducted, the content and result of the experiment will be described below.
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the slab temperature (slab surface temperature) and the voltage (voltage detected by the detection coil 3).
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the sensor voltage and the slab surface temperature in the temperature range from 550 ° C. to 850 ° C. shown in FIG.
- This relational expression (that is, a relational expression showing the relation between the voltage and the slab surface temperature) is as shown in the following expression (1).
- x is a value obtained by multiplying the difference between the voltage value V detected by the detection coil 3 and the voltage 5.54 V in the nonmagnetic material temperature range by 10 times
- y is the slab surface temperature ( C) and R is a correlation coefficient.
- the slab surface temperature measuring device shown in FIG. 2B is arranged so that the slab sample can be heated to about 1200 ° C. by a heating furnace and a magnetic field can be applied perpendicularly to the surface of the heated slab sample. did. Furthermore, this slab surface temperature measuring device was fixed at a position where the distance between the glass epoxy pipe 4 and the surface of the slab sample was 30 mm. Moreover, the thermocouple was set inside 1 mm depth from the slab sample surface, and the temperature of the slab sample was measured. The result is shown in FIG.
- the voltage (sensor voltage) detected by the detection coil 3 is substantially constant, but it is confirmed that the voltage changes in the temperature region r with the Curie point Tc interposed therebetween. It was done.
- the relation between the steel sheet surface temperature and the voltage can be obtained by, for example, performing polynomial approximation as shown in FIG. . This indicates that the slab surface temperature measuring device of the present embodiment can detect a change in magnetic characteristics in the temperature region r with the Curie point Tc interposed therebetween with high sensitivity.
- thermometer on the surface of a slab in a temperature range from the Curie point Tc minus about 200 ° C. to the Curie point Tc plus about 100 ° C.
- the measuring apparatus can detect a change in magnetic properties of the slab surface in the vicinity of the Curie point Tc with high sensitivity.
- the Curie point Tc minus about 200 ° C. to the Curie point Tc plus about This means that it can be used as a thermometer on the surface of the slab at a temperature range of 100 ° C.
- the voltage of the detection coil changes depending on the temperature of the slab corner, which becomes a disturbance factor.
- the surface temperature of the slab corner is more easily removed than the center of the short piece, and the surface temperature is lower than that of the center.
- the relative permeability of the slab corner is larger than that of the center of the short slab. Therefore, even if the alternating magnetic field is excited, the voltage of the detection coil changes due to the temperature change of the slab corner.
- the corner portion is cooled by the cooling water sprayed from the nozzle tip disposed between the rolls on the long side, and the temperature varies depending on the cooling conditions on the long side, so that the voltage changes accordingly. Therefore, it is preferable that the voltage change of the detection coil due to the temperature change of the slab corner is as small as possible.
- the detection coil 3 is placed on the slab (disposed in the drawing below the glass epoxy pipe 4 in the figure, but not shown in the figure).
- Front in the arrangement indicated by reference numeral 3 (a) in FIG. 6A, hereinafter referred to as front arrangement
- rearward in the arrangement indicated by reference numeral 3 (b) in FIG. 6A, hereinafter referred to as rear arrangement.
- front arrangement in the arrangement indicated by reference numeral 3 (a) in FIG. 6A, hereinafter referred to as front arrangement
- rearward in the arrangement indicated by reference numeral 3 (b) in FIG. 6A, hereinafter referred to as rear arrangement.
- the iron angle 11 is placed on the center line of the detection coil 3 as a sensor (that is, the central axis of the diameter of the glass epoxy pipe 4) and at a distance of 30 mm from the detection coil 3.
- the measurement voltage ( ⁇ V center) of the detection coil 3 was compared under two conditions.
- an iron angle 11 is placed at a position corresponding to the cast slab corner, that is, a position 120 mm away from the central axis of the detection coil 3, and the voltage value ( ⁇ V corner) of the detection coil 3 is measured.
- the value ( ⁇ V corner / ⁇ V center) divided by the measured voltage value ( ⁇ V center) on the central axis was determined.
- the experimental results are shown in FIG. 6B. It can be seen that the voltage value (center of ⁇ V) when the angle 11 is placed on the central axis is about twice as large when the detection coil 3 is arranged in front than in the case of rear arrangement. This indicates that the sensitivity to the magnetic flux change at the center of the short piece, that is, the temperature change is high.
- the ratio of the voltage value ( ⁇ V corner) when the angle 11 is placed at the slab corner equivalent position to the voltage value ( ⁇ V center) when it is placed on the center axis (the effect of corners in FIG. 6B).
- the detection coil 3 when the detection coil 3 is disposed in the front, the detection coil 3 is reduced to about 1/10 as compared with the case where the detection coil 3 is disposed in the rear. This means that the voltage change of the detection coil 3 due to the temperature change of the slab corner portion can be reduced by arranging the detection coil 3 forward, and the surface temperature at the center of the short side can be measured with high sensitivity. it can.
- the reason why the influence of the slab corner portion can be reduced if the detection coil 3 is arranged in front is that the change in magnetic flux interlinking the detection coil 3 when the angle 11 is placed at the position corresponding to the slab corner is more than in the case where the detection coil 3 is arranged in front. Because it is small.
- the surface temperature of the center part of the short side of the slab is made by arranging the detection coil 3 between the slab and the exciting coil 2 as compared with the case where it is rearward. It was confirmed that can be measured with higher accuracy.
- the frequency oscillated from the oscillator 8 and applied to the exciting coil 2 is preferably 0.5 Hz or more and 20 Hz or less. If the frequency is lower than 0.5 Hz, a time constant for phase detection of the signal sent out from the detection coil 3 is required for 1 minute or more, and the response speed of the slab surface temperature measuring device becomes slow. . On the other hand, when the frequency is higher than 20 Hz, the skin depth, which is the depth at which the magnetic field penetrates, becomes thinner, and the magnetic field is more concentrated on the surface of the slab. As shown in FIG. 5, even if the relative permeability is about 200, the skin depth can be secured to about 10 mm (about 0.01 m) at frequencies up to 20 Hz.
- the surface of the slab has irregularities such as oscillation marks, and in addition, the distance between the slab surface and the actual slab surface temperature measuring device varies slightly due to bulging, etc. Since it becomes easy to receive the influence when it becomes high, it means that it is preferable to ensure about 10 mm of skin depth. Therefore, the upper limit value of the frequency is preferably 20 Hz.
- the detection coil 3 was installed in front of the excitation coil 2, that is, between the excitation coil 2 and the slab surface, and an experiment was conducted to confirm the effectiveness as a slab surface temperature measuring device.
- the experimental conditions are as shown below.
- the slab surface temperature measuring device is installed directly under the mold short side. For this reason, even if the mold is adjusted to change the width of the slab in various ways, the distance between the slab surface temperature measuring device and the slab surface should be made substantially constant (that is, the exciting coil 2 can The AC magnetic field applied almost perpendicularly to the surface on the short side can be made substantially constant).
- FIG. 7A is a graph showing the measurement results of a comparative experiment in which the slab surface temperature measuring device under the above experimental conditions is replaced with a conventional radiation thermometer, and shows the relationship between the measured time and the slab surface temperature.
- FIG. 7B is a graph showing the relationship between the measured time and the slab surface temperature as a result of measurement under the above experimental conditions.
- the measurement value varied greatly because of the influence of a water film and water vapor existing between the radiation thermometer and the slab surface, and the slab surface temperature was accurately measured. I could't.
- the experimental result according to the present example confirmed that the slab surface temperature can be stably measured by using the slab surface temperature measuring device of the present embodiment.
- the slab surface temperature measuring device in a severe atmosphere immediately under a mold for continuous casting of steel and in which a large amount of water, water vapor, or the like is present. Also, the slab surface temperature can be measured directly and stably for a long time. In other words, the slab surface temperature is once cooled to the Curie point or less in the cooling zone immediately below the mold, and immediately after that, the surface temperature of the part where the slab surface temperature rises due to recuperation is directly and stabilized for a long time. Can be measured. Further, the slab surface temperature can be measured without depending on the slab size. Therefore, by using the slab surface temperature measuring device and the slab surface temperature measuring method of the present embodiment, it is possible to detect a breakout that is an operation abnormality and a drift that causes a bias in the molten steel flow.
- the slab surface temperature measuring device described above is disposed on each of the short sides of the slab directly below the mold, and the slab is measured by one slab surface temperature measuring device.
- the surface temperature is higher than the surface temperature during normal casting, it is recognized that there is a risk of perforating breakout, and breakout can be prevented by temporarily stopping continuous casting. A method for preventing this can also be employed.
- predetermined slab surface temperature and induced electromotive force are derived. It is also possible to derive the surface temperature of the slab 1 by using correspondence data representing the correspondence relationship (for example, data representing the correspondence relationship shown in FIG. 4).
- the slab surface temperature measuring apparatus or the slab surface temperature measuring method of the present invention can be stably measured over a long period of time even in a harsh atmosphere where a large amount of water, water vapor or the like is present.
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2009年04月16日に、日本国に出願された特願2009-099994号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
鋳型内の銅板表面に凝固シェルが完全に拘束されると、その凝固シェルの温度がキュリー点まで低下する。そこで、凝固シェルの温度がキュリー点まで低下したことを検出することにより、凝固シェルの拘束を検知して鋳片の引き抜きを一旦停止する方法である。詳細には、外部から直流磁場を鋳型内の鋳片に印加して凝固シェルを磁化するとともにその磁力線の変化を検出することにより、凝固シェルがキュリー点まで低下したか否かを検出することができる(例えば特許文献1参照)。
(1)本発明の鋳片表面温度測定装置は、鋳片の表面に対してほぼ垂直に交流磁場を印加する磁場励磁手段と;前記鋳片の表面温度によって変化した磁力線を検出するために前記交流磁場を検出する磁場検出手段と;この磁場検出手段で前記交流磁場を検出することによって得られた誘導起電力と、予め定めた対応関係データとから、前記鋳片の前記表面温度を導出する表面温度導出手段と;を具備し、前記磁場励磁手段が、ソレノイド状の励磁コイルを有し;前記磁場検出手段が、前記鋳片の前記表面と前記励磁コイルとの間に配置されたソレノイド状の検出コイルを有し;前記対応関係データが、予め定めたキュリー点を間に挟む温度区間における、鋳片表面温度と誘導起電力との対応関係を表すデータである。
なお、前記対応関係データにおける鋳片表面温度の下限は、キュリー点マイナス200℃程度、上限はキュリー点プラス100℃程度となる。この理由は、鋼の磁気特性の温度依存性(常温からキュリー点までは強磁性体、キュリー点以上で常磁性体、さらに高温で非磁性体に変化する)による。すなわち、磁場が印加される領域が非磁性体であれば磁場の印加有無で磁力線は変化しない。磁場が印加される領域の温度が低下して、常磁性体、強磁性体になると、磁力線がその部分に集中するため、磁力線が変化することになる。なお、磁力線の変化は強磁性体の条件で、より顕著となる。しかしながら、磁場が印加される領域が強磁性体で、その領域で磁気飽和するとそれ以上、磁力線は変化しないため、電圧変化は見られなくなる。そのため、一旦、磁気飽和すると、それ以上温度が低下しても磁力線の変化、すなわち電圧の変化は見られなくなる。このようにして、測定温度の上下限値が決まる。
この場合、鋳片短辺側を冷却する冷却帯で鋳片の表面温度をキュリー点以下まで一旦冷却し、その直後に、復熱により鋳片の表面温度が上昇する部分の表面温度を測定することができる。
本実施形態では、内部空間が直方体形状の鋳型を用いてスラブを下方から引き抜いて連続鋳造する際に、鋳型の直下における鋳片表面温度を測定する装置および方法について説明する。
図2Aを用いて鋳片表面温度を測定する方法の基本原理を以下に説明する。
まず、鋳片1の表面に対して垂直磁場を励磁コイル2によって印加する。すると、鋳片1の表面温度によって磁力線が変化するので、その磁力線の変化を検出コイル3で検出する。そして、この検出によって得られた誘導起電力と、予め定めておいた鋳片表面温度と誘導起電力との関係式を用いることにより、鋳片1の表面温度を測定することができる。
検出コイル3は、励磁コイル2よりも前方側(即ち、鋳片1の表面と励磁コイル2との間)に配置される。その理由については後述する。
検出コイル3には、信号処理器9が配線によって接続されている。この信号処理器9は、オペアンプや抵抗、コンデンサ等で構成され、電圧増幅およびローパスフィルターやバンドパスフィルター等のフィルター処理機能を持つ。この信号処理器9にはロックインアンプ10が接続されている。このロックインアンプ10は、定電流アンプ7から1.5Hzの信号を参照信号として取り込み、同一周波数の電圧の大きさを出力するアナログ機器であり、参照信号との位相差も検出できる。
検出コイル3には、N×dφc/dt(N:検出コイル3の巻数、φc:検出コイル3の鎖交磁束数、t:時間)の交流電圧が誘起される。この交流電圧は、信号処理器9で5Hzのローパスフィルターを介してノイズ除去するとともにロックインアンプ10で処理され、1.5Hzの周波数成分の電圧値を検出する。つまり、鋳片1の表面温度によって交番磁束φの分布が変わると、検出コイル3の鎖交磁束数φcが変わるため、検出コイル3に誘起される交流電圧が変化し、この変化する交流電圧を検出することができる。そして、磁力線の変化を検出コイル3で検出することによって得られた誘導起電力と前記関係式とに基づき、前記算出手段が鋳片1の表面温度を算出する。このようにして、鋳片1の表面温度を測定することができる。
なお、下式(1)におけるxは検出コイル3によって検出された電圧値Vと非磁性体温度域での電圧5.54Vとの差を10倍した値であり、yは鋳片表面温度(℃)であり、Rは相関係数である。
R2=0.9922
鋳片幅:1000~1800mm
鋳造速度:0.75~1.2m/分
鋼種:中炭素Al-キルド鋼
センサー設置位置(鋳片表面温度測定装置の設置位置):鋳型内湯面レベルから1m下方でかつ鋳型短辺冷却帯の直下
センサー(鋳片表面温度測定装置の検出コイル3の先端)と鋳片表面との距離:30mm
励磁コイル2に印加する交流電流の周波数:1.5Hz
2 励磁コイル
3 検出コイル
4 ガラスエポキシ製パイプ
5 外径1mmのポリエステル被覆銅線
6 外径0.3mmのポリエステル被覆銅線
7 定電流アンプ
8 発振器
9 信号処理器
10 ロックインアンプ
Claims (5)
- 鋳片の表面に対してほぼ垂直に交流磁場を印加する磁場励磁手段と;
前記鋳片の表面温度によって変化した磁力線を検出するために前記交流磁場を検出する磁場検出手段と;
この磁場検出手段で前記交流磁場を検出することによって得られた誘導起電力と、予め定めた対応関係データとから、前記鋳片の前記表面温度を導出する表面温度導出手段と;
を具備し、
前記磁場励磁手段が、ソレノイド状の励磁コイルを有し;
前記磁場検出手段が、前記鋳片の前記表面と前記励磁コイルとの間に配置されたソレノイド状の検出コイルを有し;
前記対応関係データが、予め定めたキュリー点を間に挟む温度区間における、鋳片表面温度と誘導起電力との対応関係を表すデータである;
ことを特徴とする鋳片表面温度測定装置。 - 前記対応関係データが、前記鋳片表面温度と前記誘導起電力との対応関係を示す数式であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の鋳片表面温度測定装置。
- 前記鋳片が、鋳型を用いてこの鋳型の下方から引き抜く連続鋳造によって得られるスラブであり;
前記磁場励磁手段および前記磁場検出手段が、前記鋳型の直下でかつ前記鋳片の短辺側を冷却する冷却帯よりも下方にある鋳片短辺側に配置されている;
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の鋳片表面温度測定装置。 - 前記磁場励磁手段によって励磁される磁場の印加周波数が0.5Hz以上かつ20Hz以下であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の鋳片表面温度測定装置。
- 請求項1に記載の鋳片表面温度測定装置を用いて前記鋳片の前記表面温度を測定する方法であって、
前記磁場励磁手段により前記鋳片に対して前記交流磁場を印加するとともに、前記磁場検出手段によって前記交流磁場を検出する工程と;
前記表面温度導出手段により前記鋳片の前記表面温度を導出する工程と;
を備えることを特徴とする鋳片表面温度測定方法。
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CN201080015986XA CN102388300B (zh) | 2009-04-16 | 2010-01-08 | 铸片表面温度测定装置及铸片表面温度测定方法 |
EP10764181.3A EP2420808B1 (en) | 2009-04-16 | 2010-01-08 | Device and method for measuring surface temperature of cast piece |
US13/264,056 US9052242B2 (en) | 2008-07-08 | 2010-01-08 | Device and method for measuring surface temperature of cast piece |
ES10764181T ES2751326T3 (es) | 2008-07-08 | 2010-01-08 | Dispositivo y método para medir la temperatura de superficie de una pieza colada |
PL10764181T PL2420808T3 (pl) | 2009-04-16 | 2010-01-08 | Urządzenie oraz sposób mierzenia temperatury powierzchni elementu w postaci odlewu |
KR1020117023878A KR101302228B1 (ko) | 2009-04-16 | 2010-01-08 | 주조편 표면 온도 측정 장치 및 주조편 표면 온도 측정 방법 |
BRPI1015929A BRPI1015929B1 (pt) | 2009-04-16 | 2010-01-08 | dispositivo e método para a medição da temperatura de superfície de peça moldada |
CA2758135A CA2758135C (en) | 2009-04-16 | 2010-01-08 | Device and method for measuring surface temperature of cast piece |
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CN105444913A (zh) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-03-30 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | 一种测温设备 |
CN114618999A (zh) * | 2020-12-14 | 2022-06-14 | 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 | 连铸坯振痕测量方法及装置 |
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KR101443278B1 (ko) * | 2012-08-23 | 2014-09-19 | 주식회사 포스코 | 벌징 감지 모듈 및 이를 이용한 벌징 감지 방법 |
CN113820031B (zh) * | 2020-12-11 | 2024-07-19 | 中冶长天国际工程有限责任公司 | 一种用于铁矿石直接还原过程的在线测温方法 |
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CA2758135A1 (en) | 2010-10-21 |
PL2420808T3 (pl) | 2020-01-31 |
KR20110130467A (ko) | 2011-12-05 |
BRPI1015929A2 (pt) | 2016-04-26 |
CA2758135C (en) | 2014-09-30 |
CN102388300A (zh) | 2012-03-21 |
CN102388300B (zh) | 2013-07-17 |
BRPI1015929B1 (pt) | 2019-12-17 |
KR101302228B1 (ko) | 2013-09-02 |
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