WO2010119483A1 - 多相交流電動機、その駆動装置および駆動方法 - Google Patents
多相交流電動機、その駆動装置および駆動方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010119483A1 WO2010119483A1 PCT/JP2009/001762 JP2009001762W WO2010119483A1 WO 2010119483 A1 WO2010119483 A1 WO 2010119483A1 JP 2009001762 W JP2009001762 W JP 2009001762W WO 2010119483 A1 WO2010119483 A1 WO 2010119483A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
- H02P6/10—Arrangements for controlling torque ripple, e.g. providing reduced torque ripple
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K37/00—Motors with rotor rotating step by step and without interrupter or commutator driven by the rotor, e.g. stepping motors
- H02K37/10—Motors with rotor rotating step by step and without interrupter or commutator driven by the rotor, e.g. stepping motors of permanent magnet type
- H02K37/12—Motors with rotor rotating step by step and without interrupter or commutator driven by the rotor, e.g. stepping motors of permanent magnet type with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
- H02K37/14—Motors with rotor rotating step by step and without interrupter or commutator driven by the rotor, e.g. stepping motors of permanent magnet type with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
- H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
- H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
- H02P27/08—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters with pulse width modulation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/14—Stator cores with salient poles
- H02K1/145—Stator cores with salient poles having an annular coil, e.g. of the claw-pole type
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
- H02K21/14—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P21/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a multiphase AC motor in an unbalanced state, a driving apparatus and a driving method thereof.
- Multiphase AC motors are expanding their application in home appliances, industries, automobiles, etc., taking advantage of their small size and high efficiency.
- the number of products in which the drive system of an electric motor is replaced from a rectangular wave energization type to a sine wave energization type has increased, and resistance, inductance, and induced voltage are used for applications such as rotor position estimation in position sensorless control and high-accuracy torque control.
- An increasing number of controllers require the input of electric constant setting values of electric motors such as constants. Therefore, unless the electric constant of the motor is accurately identified and input, the control performance is greatly affected.
- the inductance is strongly influenced by the magnetic nonlinearity of the core, and the influence of magnetic saturation appears greatly.
- Patent Document 1 an annular claw magnetic core stator formed of a powder magnetic core and a ring of the stator A Crotice type motor composed of a rotor was developed.
- this claw teeth motor has three-phase independent stators stacked in the axial direction, so the intermediate phase has a smaller magnetoresistance than the other phases, and the principle It has the characteristics of upper three-phase unbalance. For this reason, magnetic pulsation of electrical angle secondary (2 cycles per electrical angle cycle) is generated, and torque pulsation of the same order is further generated.
- Patent Document 1 The technology for reducing the magnetic flux pulsation and torque pulsation of the Crotice type motor is disclosed in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2.
- Patent Document 1 due to the structure in which the phases are adjacent to each other in the axial direction, the magnetic resistance of the Crotice type electric motor which is a three-phase imbalance is balanced by applying a magnetic insulating material made of a non-magnetic material between the phases.
- the three-phase independent stators are axially adjacent to each other so that the intermediate phase has a small magnetic resistance and causes a three-phase unbalance. Therefore, in this prior art 1, magnetic insulation is performed by inserting a magnetic insulating material between the phases, and the three phases are balanced to reduce the magnetic angle secondary magnetic flux pulsation and the torque pulsation of the same order. ing.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a technique for calculating torque pulsation in advance in a torque pulsation calculating means, adding a waveform having a phase opposite to that of the calculated torque pulsation component to a command value, and reducing the pulsation component. Yes.
- torque pulsation is reduced by obtaining pulsation characteristics in advance using the torque pulsation calculating means of the electric motor and adding it to the torque pulsation command during driving.
- the torque pulsation calculation means calculates the torque pulsation in advance and adds the opposite phase to the command value, it is difficult to calculate the torque pulsation and the number of measurement / analysis operations increases. become.
- the present invention has been made in consideration of the above points, and a multiphase AC motor, a driving device thereof, and a multiphase AC motor that can be used for AC motor control by simply correcting a command value of an originally necessary current or voltage.
- An object is to provide a driving method.
- a multi-phase AC motor including a multi-phase stator magnetic pole in which the stator magnetic pole is configured independently for each phase, and a variable voltage / variable frequency multi-phase by pulse width modulation in the motor.
- the control device is configured to change the amplitude and / or phase of the alternating current applied to at least one phase of the stator magnetic pole, It is characterized by comprising a correction unit that makes an unbalanced state with an alternating current applied to another phase.
- the correcting unit is connected to a stator coil of at least one phase in which the magnitude of the magnetic resistance of the stator magnetic pole of the multiphase AC motor is different from that of the other phase, It is configured to apply alternating currents having different amplitudes.
- the multiphase AC motor most suitable for applying the present invention is configured by sandwiching a plurality of upper and lower claw magnetic poles provided on the inner side of a stator core, and a ring coil between the upper and lower claw magnetic poles.
- a stator magnetic pole for one phase, a stator magnetic pole for m phase configured by axially shifting the stator magnetic pole for one phase at an electrical angle of 2 ⁇ / m intervals, and the claw magnetic pole This is a claw teeth type m-phase AC motor provided with a rotor rotatably supported by a predetermined gap on the inner peripheral side of the motor.
- the correction unit inputs an output of a correction amount calculation unit that calculates a correction amount based on a result of a prior analysis or measurement, and corrects to an unbalanced state according to the input. Configured as follows.
- a voltage measuring device for measuring a voltage applied from the inverter to the multi-phase AC motor, and an output of the voltage measuring device are input to be in an unbalanced state.
- a command value calculation unit that calculates a command value for the purpose.
- pulsation reduction can be realized by an approach from the control surface without increasing the size of the motor and without using complicated torque pulsation calculation means.
- a command value for generating an alternating current that reduces pulsation is expressed by a simple expression and incorporated into the control to easily reduce secondary pulsation of electrical angle and torque pulsation of the same order. can do.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a system configuration of a first embodiment in a driving apparatus for a multiphase AC motor according to the present invention.
- a current command generator 101 that generates a command value of a current that flows to the motor, and a pulse width modulation signal (hereinafter abbreviated as a PWM signal) are generated from the current command value.
- a controller 100 is provided.
- an inverter 106 driven by a PWM signal, a converter 107 for supplying a DC voltage to the inverter 106, and a crotice motor 108 to be controlled are provided.
- U and V phase current detectors 109 and 110 for detecting U and V phase currents supplied from the inverter 106 to the clottis motor 108, and voltages for detecting the input voltage Edc of the inverter 106 It has a detector.
- a correction unit 102 for correcting the current value of the intermediate phase (V phase) and a current correction part calculation unit 103 for calculating the current value to be corrected are added.
- the original control unit converts a voltage command calculation unit 104 that calculates an AC applied voltage command value to be applied to the motor from the current command value, and converts the AC applied voltage command value into a pulse width modulation signal (hereinafter abbreviated as PWM signal). Output from the PWM generator 105.
- current command values for the U, V, and W phases are generated by the current command generator 101 of FIG.
- the correction unit 102 corrects the intermediate phase (V-phase) current command value.
- the corrected current command value is calculated by the current correction calculation unit 103.
- the voltage command calculation unit 104 calculates the voltage command value from the current command values of the three phases including the corrected intermediate phase current command value.
- the calculated voltage command value is converted into a PWM signal by the PWM generator 105.
- a DC voltage Edc is applied to the inverter 106 through the converter 107, and a PWM signal from the PWM generator 105 is applied to supply a three-phase AC of variable voltage / variable frequency to the Crotice type motor 108.
- the U-phase current value Icu is detected by the U-phase current detector 109
- the W-phase current value Icw is detected by the W-phase current detector 110, and fed back to the voltage command calculation unit 104 to calculate the voltage command value. Used for.
- the magnetic resistance of the intermediate phase (V phase) is small, and in principle, a magnetic three-phase imbalance occurs, and a magnetic flux pulsation with a secondary electrical angle is generated, causing torque pulsation of the same order.
- the correction unit 102 is installed. Setting is made so that the amplitude of the current command value is changed by the current command correction amount ⁇ I of the intermediate phase. ⁇ I is calculated by the current correction calculation unit 103 based on the analysis and measurement results obtained in advance by simulation, and is given to the correction unit 102, thereby realizing a reduction in electrical angle secondary magnetic flux pulsation and torque pulsation of the same order. To do.
- V-phase current command value is reduced using the following equation (1).
- ⁇ d shown in the equation (1) indicates an angle from the reference to the d-axis with respect to the U-phase winding axis.
- ⁇ d shown in the equation (1) indicates an angle from the reference to the d-axis with respect to the U-phase winding axis.
- minus plus in the formula, “minus” is used when the magnetic resistance of the intermediate phase is small, and “plus” is used when the magnetoresistance of the intermediate phase is large.
- Equation (2) is used.
- formula (3) is used for the case of an electric motor having a structure in which the magnetic resistance of the W phase is different (when the magnetic resistance is small or large).
- each phase in which each phase is configured independently, such as a Crotice motor, the phase relationship of each phase may not be balanced due to an installation position error of each phase. In this case, it can be dealt with by changing the phase of the equations (1) to (3). For example, when the U-phase attachment position is a phase advanced by ⁇ degrees in electrical angle, pulsation can be reduced by using the equation (4).
- ⁇ I may be calculated by the expression (5) as a ratio of the current amplitude I 1 , for example, as a percentage n [%], based on the analysis and measurement results by a prior simulation.
- the percentage n [%] at this time can be considered to be two cases: a case where the percentage at a certain current amplitude I 1 is constant, and a case where the percentage n [%] is changed in accordance with the change of the current amplitude I 1. .
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a system configuration of the second embodiment in the driving apparatus for a multiphase AC motor according to the present invention.
- the controller of the drive device of the second embodiment generates a speed command generator 201 that generates a speed command value that determines the speed of the rotor of the motor, and generates d-axis, q-axis, and zero-phase current command values.
- the main circuit includes a converter 209 for supplying a direct current voltage to the inverter 208, an inverter 208 driven by a PWM signal, and a claw teeth motor 210 to be controlled.
- U to W phase current detectors 211 to 213 for detecting U to W phase current supplied to the electric motor 210 by the inverter 208, a position sensor 215 for detecting the position of the rotor of the electric motor, and A voltage detector 216 for detecting the inverter input voltage Edc is provided.
- the controller 200 includes a correction unit 203 that corrects each of the d-axis current, the q-axis current, and the zero-phase current, and a current correction calculation unit 204 that calculates a current value to be corrected. .
- a voltage command calculation unit 205 that calculates voltage command values in the d-axis, q-axis, and zero phase from each command value, and the calculated voltage command value as a value on a three-phase AC axis
- a dq coordinate conversion unit 214 for converting into components on the dc-qc axis, which is the coordinate axis, is provided.
- a speed command is generated by the speed command generator 201 of FIG. 2, and d-axis, q-axis, and zero-phase current command values are generated by the current command generator 202.
- the generated command value is corrected through the correction unit 203.
- a value used for correction is calculated by the current correction calculation unit 204.
- the current command value and the speed command value corrected by the correction unit 203 are calculated to a voltage command value by the voltage command calculation unit 205.
- the calculated voltage command value is converted by the dq inverse conversion unit 206 from the value of the rotational coordinate axis to the value on the three-phase AC axis.
- the converted voltage command values for the three phases are converted into PWM signals by the PWM generator 207.
- a DC voltage is applied to the inverter 208 through the converter 209, and the inverter 208 is driven by applying a PWM signal from the PWM generator 207 to supply a three-phase AC of variable voltage / variable frequency to the Crotice type motor 210. To do.
- U-W phase current values are detected by U-W phase current detectors 211-212.
- a detector is required for each of the three phases.
- the detected current value is converted by the dq coordinate conversion unit 214 from a value on the three-phase AC coordinate axis to a value on the rotation coordinate axis.
- Each converted current value is fed back and used for voltage command calculation.
- the position of the rotor is detected by the position sensor 215, and these are used for calculation at the time of dq coordinate conversion or dq reverse conversion.
- the magnetic resistance of the intermediate phase (V phase) is small, and in principle, a magnetic three-phase unbalance occurs, and a secondary magnetic angle magnetic flux pulsation is generated, causing a torque pulsation of the same order.
- amendment part 203 was installed.
- the command value is converted from the value on the three-phase AC coordinate axis to the value on the rotation coordinate axis, the d-axis current command value, the q-axis current command value, and zero A correction calculation is required for each phase current value.
- the value of ⁇ I necessary at that time is calculated by the current correction amount calculation unit 204 based on the analysis and measurement result by the prior simulation. By giving this calculated value to the correction unit 203, reduction of magnetic angle secondary magnetic flux pulsation and the same order torque pulsation is realized.
- ⁇ d shown in equation (6) indicates the angle from the reference to the d-axis with respect to the U-phase winding axis.
- a method of superimposing alternating currents with different amplitudes on the intermediate phase in order to reduce the secondary pulsation of the electrical angle that is characteristic of the Crotice type motor 210 will be described.
- “minus plus” in the formula is “minus” when the intermediate phase magnetic resistance is small, and conversely, “plus” is used when the intermediate phase magnetic resistance is large.
- Equation (7) is used.
- a secondary electrical angle AC is superimposed on at least one of the d-axis and q-axis command values of the d-axis, q-axis, and zero phase.
- a primary AC is superimposed in the zero phase.
- phase relationship between the phases may not be balanced due to an attachment position error of each phase.
- a secondary pulsation of the electrical angle occurs, and this can be dealt with by changing the phase in the equations (6) to (8) based on the same concept as the equation (4).
- correction amount ⁇ I in the cases of the expressions (6) to (8) is also calculated in the same manner as the expression (5).
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a system configuration of a third embodiment in the driving apparatus for a multiphase AC motor according to the present invention.
- the control unit of the driving apparatus of the third embodiment includes a current command generator 301 that generates d-axis and q-axis current command values, a speed command generator 302 that generates speed command values, and a PWM signal from the command values.
- a controller 300 for adjusting the above is provided.
- a converter 309 for supplying a DC voltage to the inverter 308, an inverter 308 driven by a PWM signal, and a Crotice type electric motor 310 to be controlled are provided.
- U and W phase current detectors 311 and 312 that detect U and W phase currents supplied to the motor 310 by the inverter 308, and a position sensor 314 that detects the position of the rotating motor.
- a voltage detector 315 for detecting the inverter input voltage Edc.
- the controller 300 includes a correction unit 303 that corrects the q-axis current command value and a current correction amount calculation unit 304 that calculates a current correction amount to be superimposed on the correction device.
- a voltage command calculation unit 305 that calculates a voltage command value from the current command value and speed command value of the d-axis and q-axis, and a voltage command value of the d-axis and q-axis on the three-phase AC coordinate axis
- a dq inverse conversion unit 306 that converts the current value detected by the electric motor into a value on the rotation coordinate axis
- a dq coordinate conversion unit 313 that converts each current value detected by the motor into a value on the rotation coordinate axis.
- d-axis and q-axis current command values are generated by the d-axis current command generator 301 in FIG. 3, and a speed command value is generated by the speed command generator 302.
- the q-axis current command value is corrected by the correction unit 303.
- the value used for correction is calculated by the current correction calculation unit 304.
- the current command value and the speed command value are calculated into voltage command values by the voltage command calculation unit 305, and the calculated voltage command values are calculated on the three-phase AC coordinate axes from the values on the rotation coordinate axes by the dq inverse conversion unit 306. Converted to a value.
- the converted voltage command values for the three phases are converted into PWM signals by the PWM generator 307.
- a DC voltage is applied to the inverter 308 through the converter 309, and the inverter 308 is driven by applying a PWM signal from the PWM generator 307, and supplies a three-phase AC of variable voltage / variable frequency to the Crotice type motor 310. To do.
- the U-phase current value is detected by the U-phase current detector 311, and the W-phase current value is detected by the W-phase current detector 312. If the motor is Y-connected, the third detector is not necessary because the remaining one can be calculated if two currents can be detected in the three phases. Further, the detected three-phase current is converted by the dq coordinate conversion unit 313 from a value on the three-phase AC coordinate axis to a value on the rotational coordinate axis. The converted d-axis and q-axis current values are fed back and used for voltage command calculation. Further, the position of the rotor is detected by the position sensor 314, and these are used for calculation at the time of dq coordinate conversion or dq reverse conversion.
- the magnetic resistance of the intermediate phase (V phase) is small, and in principle, it becomes a magnetic three-phase unbalance, generates a secondary magnetic angle magnetic flux pulsation, and a torque pulsation of the same order.
- amendment part 303 was installed.
- FIG. 3 since it is converted to a value on the rotational coordinate axis as in FIG. 2, it is necessary to correct the d-axis current command value, the q-axis current command value, and the zero-phase current value.
- the current command value to be corrected is q Only the shaft current command value is required.
- the value of ⁇ Iq required at that time is calculated by the current correction amount calculation unit 304 based on the analysis and measurement results obtained in advance by simulation. By giving this calculated value to the correction unit 303, it is possible to reduce the magnetic angle secondary magnetic flux pulsation and the torque pulsation of the same order.
- (Theta) d shown in Formula (9) has shown the angle from the reference
- a method of superimposing command values having different amplitudes on the intermediate phase current in order to reduce the secondary pulsation of the electrical angle unique to the Crotice type motor 310 will be described.
- minus plus in the formula, “minus” is used when the magnetoresistance of the intermediate phase is small, and conversely, “plus” is used when the magnetoresistance of the intermediate phase is large. Use.
- Equation (10) is used.
- each phase in which each phase is configured independently, such as a Crotice motor, the phase relationship of each phase may not be balanced due to an installation position error of each phase. In this case as well, a secondary pulsation of the electrical angle occurs, and this can be dealt with by changing the phase in the equations (9) to (11) according to the equation (4).
- correction amount ⁇ i q in this case is also calculated using the equation (12) as in the equation (5).
- FIGS. 10 to 13 are simulation results for a clotice type motor having a small intermediate phase magnetic resistance.
- the actually generated torque pulsation amplitude tends to increase with the magnitude of the q-axis current, as shown in FIG.
- the secondary magnetic flux pulsation and torque pulsation do not change in phase depending on the magnitude of the q-axis current, and can be said to be substantially constant. Therefore, the secondary magnetic flux pulsation and the torque pulsation of the same order can be reduced by superimposing the electric angle secondary alternating current at a fixed phase.
- FIG. 13 shows simulation data as a result of performing pulsation reduction correction using the equation (12).
- n in the equations (5) and (12) should be increased according to the magnitude of the current command iq *.
- the desired torque pulsation can be reduced even in a large q-axis current region.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a system configuration of the fourth embodiment of the driving apparatus for a multiphase AC motor according to the present invention.
- the control unit of the drive device of the fourth embodiment includes a command value generator 401 that generates a command value for calculating a voltage command value, and a controller 400 that adjusts a PWM signal from the command value.
- a converter 407 for applying a DC voltage to the inverter 406, an inverter 406 driven by a PWM signal, and a claw teeth motor 408 to be controlled are provided.
- U and W phase current detectors 409 and 410 for detecting the U phase current supplied from the inverter 406 to the electric motor 408 and a voltage detector 411 for detecting the inverter input voltage Edc are provided.
- the controller 400 includes a voltage command calculation unit 402 that calculates a voltage command value from an original command value, and a PWM generation unit 405 that generates a PWM signal from the voltage command value. Further, according to the present invention, a correction unit 403 for correcting the intermediate phase (V-phase) voltage command value and a voltage correction amount calculation unit 404 for calculating a value used for correction are added.
- a command value for calculating a voltage command value is generated by the command value generator 401 of FIG.
- the generated command value is calculated into a voltage command value by the voltage command calculation unit 402.
- the voltage command value of the intermediate phase (V phase) is corrected by the correction unit 403.
- the value used for correction is calculated by the voltage correction calculation unit 404.
- the voltage command values for the three phases are converted into PWM signals by the PWM generator 405.
- a DC voltage is applied to the inverter 406 through the converter 407.
- the inverter 406 is driven to supply a three-phase AC of variable voltage / variable frequency to the Crotice type motor 408. To do.
- the U-phase current value is detected by the U-phase current detector 409, and the W-phase current value is detected by the W-phase current detector 410.
- the motor is Y-connected, if the current for two phases out of the three phases can be detected, the remaining one phase can be calculated, and each detected current value is fed back to the voltage command calculation unit and used for voltage command value calculation. .
- the intermediate phase (V phase) magnetic resistance is small, and in principle, a magnetic three-phase unbalance occurs, a secondary magnetic angle magnetic flux pulsation is generated, and the torque pulsation of the same order is caused.
- amendment part 403 was installed.
- the current command value is not corrected as in the previous embodiments, but the amplitude of the voltage command value with respect to the output voltage of the inverter 406 applied to the electric motor 408 is corrected.
- the voltage correction amount necessary at that time is calculated by the voltage correction amount calculation unit 404 based on the analysis and measurement result by the prior simulation. By providing this calculated value to the correction unit 403, reduction of the magnetic angle secondary magnetic flux pulsation and the same order torque pulsation is realized.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a system configuration of a fifth embodiment of the driving apparatus for a multiphase AC motor according to the present invention.
- the control unit of the drive device of the fifth embodiment includes a current command generator 501 that generates a current command value for driving an electric motor, and a controller 500 that adjusts a PWM signal from the command value.
- the main circuit includes an inverter 505 driven by a PWM signal, a converter 506 for supplying a DC voltage to the inverter 505, and a claw teeth motor 507 to be controlled.
- a U to W phase voltage detectors 508 to 510 for detecting the U to W phase voltage supplied to the electric motor by the inverter 505 and a voltage detector 511 for detecting the inverter input voltage Edc are provided. .
- the controller 500 includes a voltage command calculation unit 503 that calculates a voltage command value from an original current command value, and a PWM generation unit 504 that generates a PWM signal from the voltage command value.
- the value used for correction is calculated by the correction current command value calculation unit 511 during operation.
- the correction current command value calculation unit 511 inputs the outputs Vcu to Vcw of the U to W phase voltage detectors 508 to 510 for detecting the U to W phase voltage applied to the electric motor 507 by the inverter 505, and performs necessary current correction. Calculate the quantity.
- the relationship between the detected voltage and the necessary current correction amount is set in advance in the corrected current command value calculation unit 511 based on the analysis and measurement results obtained in advance by simulation.
- the current command value for each of the three phases is calculated to a voltage command value by the voltage command calculation unit 503.
- the calculated voltage command value is converted into a PWM signal by the PWM generator 504.
- a DC voltage is applied to the inverter 505 through the converter 506, and the inverter 505 is driven by applying a PWM signal from the PWM generator 504, and a three-phase AC of variable voltage / variable frequency is supplied to the Crotice type electric motor 507. Supply.
- FIG. 6 is a process flowchart for explaining the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- the intermediate phase (V phase) has a small magnetic resistance, and in principle, a magnetic three-phase imbalance occurs, causing a secondary magnetic angle magnetic flux pulsation and a torque pulsation of the same order.
- amendment part 502 was installed.
- step 601 the motor is driven with an arbitrary current, and after a predetermined time, the voltage is set to 0 in step 602. After the voltage is set to 0, the induced voltage is calculated from the voltage value in step 603 using the U to W phase voltage detectors 508 to 510 in the idling state.
- step 604 a current command value for amplitude correction is calculated by the correction current command value calculation unit 511 from the calculated induced voltage.
- the torque pulsation of the motor can be reduced in the normal operation mode of step 605.
- step 610 in the normal operation state, the motor is driven with the current corrected in step 611, the induced voltage is calculated in step 612, and the correction current is calculated in step 612. Both can be supported.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional perspective view which shows the outline of the stator structure of the claw teeth motor which shows the 6th Embodiment of this invention.
- the sixth embodiment is an embodiment related to a pulsation reduction method viewed from the structural aspect of a crotice motor, which has been given as an example of a control target.
- a U-phase stator 701 is configured by aligning a claw magnetic pole 701a on the upper side of the U phase and a claw magnetic pole 701b on the lower side of the U phase so that the claws are adjacent to each other.
- This structure is substantially the same as the exploded perspective view shown in FIG.
- the V phase and the W phase have the same structure, and are superposed while being shifted in the rotation direction by an electrical angle of 2 ⁇ / 3 to form a three-phase stator magnetic pole. That is, in the V phase, the upper claw magnetic pole 702a and the lower V-phase claw magnetic pole 702b are configured in the same manner as the U phase, and the electrical angle is shifted by 2 ⁇ / 3 in the circumferential direction from the U phase stator 701.
- V-phase stator 702 superposed on each other.
- the upper pawl magnetic pole 703a and the lower pawl magnetic pole 703b of the W phase are configured in the same manner as the U phase and V phase, and the electrical angle is shifted by 2 ⁇ / 3 in the circumferential direction from the V phase stator 701.
- a W-phase stator 703 superimposed in the axial direction.
- a U-phase winding 704 applied to the U-phase stator 701 in the circumferential direction
- V-phase winding 705 applied to the V-phase stator in the circumferential direction
- a W-phase winding applied to the W-phase stator in the circumferential direction.
- the Crotice type electric motor has such a structure, the magnetic resistance of the V-phase stator 702 not facing the air is reduced. For this reason, in principle, a three-phase unbalanced characteristic is brought about, and magnetic flux pulsation and torque pulsation are caused. Therefore, the magnetic resistance is increased by using a material having a lower magnetic permeability than the other phases as a material for the V-phase core 702.
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional perspective view which shows the outline of the stator structure of the claw teeth motor which shows the 7th Embodiment of this invention.
- the seventh embodiment is also an embodiment related to a pulsation reduction method as viewed from the structural surface of the crotice motor, similarly to the sixth embodiment described in FIG.
- the magnitude of the magnetic resistance can be increased, and the same effects as in the first to fifth embodiments can be obtained.
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional perspective view showing an outline of the stator structure of the crotice motor showing the eighth embodiment of the present invention.
- the eighth embodiment is also an embodiment related to a pulsation reduction method as viewed from the structural aspect of the crotice motor, similarly to the sixth and seventh embodiments described with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8.
- the number of turns of the V-phase core coil 905 is less than that of the U-phase coil 904 and the W-phase coil 906, thereby uniformizing the three-phase generated magnetic flux, and the same as in the first to fifth embodiments. Can have an effect.
- FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram showing a ninth embodiment of the driving apparatus for a multiphase AC motor according to the present invention.
- the electric motor 1401 includes a stator 1405, a rotor 1406, a coil 1407, and an output shaft 1408, and an AC voltage is supplied from the control device 1403 to the electric motor 1401 through the wiring 1404.
- the supplied voltage causes an alternating current to flow through the coil 1407, a rotating magnetic field is generated in the stator 1405, the rotor 1406 rotates in synchronization with the rotating magnetic field, and a rotating force is generated in the output shaft 1408.
- FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram showing a tenth embodiment of the driving apparatus for a multiphase AC motor according to the present invention.
- the electric motor 1501 includes a stator 1504, a rotor 1505, a coil 1506, and an output shaft 1507.
- the multiphase AC motor 1501 includes a plurality of upper and lower claw magnetic poles provided on the inner side of the stator core, and the upper and lower claw magnetic poles.
- a stator magnetic pole for one phase constructed by sandwiching a ring coil, and the m magnetic phase for the m phase are arranged in the axial direction while shifting the stator magnetic pole for one phase by an electrical angle of 2 ⁇ / m in the rotational direction.
- the m-phase stator magnetic pole is provided.
- it is a clotice type multiphase alternating current motor provided with the rotor 1505 rotatably supported through the predetermined space
- an inverter housed integrally in a casing 1502 of the multiphase AC motor 1501 and applying a variable voltage / variable frequency multiphase AC by pulse width modulation to the multiphase AC motor, and the stator magnetic poles
- a control device 1503 for controlling the inverter including a correction unit that unbalances the amplitude of the alternating current applied to at least one phase with the alternating current applied to the other phase.
- W phase voltage detector 110, 213, 312, 410 ... W phase current detector, 201, 30 ... speed command generator, 206, 306 ... dq inverse converter (coordinate corresponding value converter: two-phase rotating coordinate system ⁇ three-phase fixed coordinate system), 214, 313 ... dq coordinate converter (coordinate corresponding value converter: three (Phase-fixed coordinate system ⁇ two-phase rotational coordinate system), 215, 314 ... rotor position sensor, 401 ... command value generator, 404 ... voltage correction component calculation unit, 511 ... correction current command value calculation unit, 701, 801, 901 ... Crotice type motor U-phase core, 701a, 801a, 901a ...
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- Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)
Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明による多相交流電動機の駆動装置における第1の実施形態の系統構成を示すブロック図である。第1の実施形態の駆動装置の制御部としては、電動機に流す電流の指令値を発生する電流指令発生器101と、電流指令値からパルス幅変調信号(以下、PWM信号と略)を発生する制御器100を備えている。主回路としては、PWM信号により駆動されるインバータ106と、インバータ106に直流電圧を供給するためのコンバータ107と、制御対象であるクローティース型電動機108を備えている。また、制御用の補助機器として、インバータ106がクローティース型電動機108へ供給するU,V相電流を検出するU,V相電流検出器109,110と、インバータ106の入力電圧Edcを検出する電圧検出器を備えている。
図2は、本発明による多相交流電動機の駆動装置における第2の実施形態の系統構成を示すブロック図である。第2の実施形態の駆動装置の制御部は、電動機の回転子の速度を決定する速度指令値を発生させる速度指令発生器201と、d軸,q軸,および零相の電流指令値を発生させる電流指令発生器202と、指令値からPWM信号を調整する制御器200を備えている。主回路としては、インバータ208に直流電圧を供給するためのコンバータ209と、PWM信号により駆動されるインバータ208と、制御対象であるクローティース型電動機210を備えている。また、制御用の補助機器として、インバータ208が電動機210へ供給するU~W相電流を検出するU~W相電流検出器211~213と、電動機の回転子の位置を検出する位置センサ215およびインバータ入力電圧Edcを検出する電圧検出器216を備えている。
図3は、本発明による多相交流電動機の駆動装置における第3の実施形態の系統構成を示すブロック図である。第3の実施形態の駆動装置の制御部は、d軸,q軸の電流指令値を発生させる電流指令発生器301と、速度指令値を発生させる速度指令発生器302と、指令値からPWM信号を調整する制御器300を備えている。主回路としては、インバータ308に直流電圧を供給するためのコンバータ309と、PWM信号により駆動されるインバータ308と、制御対象であるクローティース型電動機310を備えている。また、制御用の補助機器として、インバータ308が電動機310へ供給するU,W相電流を検出するU,W相電流検出器311,312と、回転している電動機の位置を検出する位置センサ314およびインバータ入力電圧Edcを検出する電圧検出器315を備えている。
図4は、本発明による多相交流電動機の駆動装置における第4の実施形態の系統構成を示すブロック図である。
図5は、本発明による多相交流電動機の駆動装置における第5の実施形態の系統構成を示すブロック図である。
図7は、本発明の第6の実施形態を示すクローティース電動機の固定子構造の概略を示す断面斜視図である。第6の実施形態は、これまで、制御対象の例として挙げてきた、クローティース電動機の構造面から見た脈動低減手法に関する実施形態である。
図8は、本発明の第7の実施形態を示すクローティース電動機の固定子構造の概略を示す断面斜視図である。第7の実施形態も、図7で説明した第6の実施形態と同様に、クローティース電動機の構造面から見た脈動低減手法に関する実施形態である。
図9は、本発明の第8の実施形態を示すクローティース電動機の固定子構造の概略を示す断面斜視図である。第8の実施形態も、図7および図8で説明した第6および第7の実施形態と同様に、クローティース電動機の構造面から見た脈動低減手法に関する実施形態である。
図14は、本発明による多相交流電動機の駆動装置における第9の実施形態を示す概略構造図である。
図15は、本発明による多相交流電動機の駆動装置における第10の実施形態を示す概略構造図である。
Claims (18)
- 固定子磁極が各相毎に独立して構成された多相固定子磁極を備えた多相交流電動機と、該電動機にパルス幅変調による可変電圧・可変周波数の多相交流を印加するインバータと、前記インバータを制御する制御装置を備えた交流電動機の駆動装置において、
前記制御装置は、前記固定子磁極の少なくとも1つの相に印加する交流の振幅および/または位相を、他の相に印加する交流との間で不平衡状態にする補正部を備えたことを特徴とする交流電動機の駆動装置。 - 請求項1において、前記補正部を、前記多相交流電動機の固定子磁極の磁気抵抗の大きさが他相と異なる少なくとも1相の固定子コイルに、他相の固定子コイルと異なる振幅の交流を印加するように構成したことを特徴とする交流電動機の駆動装置。
- 請求項1または2において、前記多相交流電動機は、
固定子コアの内側部に設けた複数の上側及び下側の爪磁極、
前記上側及び下側の爪磁極間にリング状コイルを挟み込んで構成された1相分の固定子磁極、
この1相分の固定子磁極を電気角で2π/m間隔でずらして軸方向に配置して構成されたm相分の固定子磁極、および
前記爪磁極の内周側に所定の空隙を介して回転可能に支持された回転子を備えたクローティース型のm相交流電動機であることを特徴とする交流電動機の駆動装置。 - 請求項1~3のいずれかにおいて、前記補正部を、前記多相交流電動機の固定子磁極の取り付け位置が他相と不平衡である少なくとも1相の固定子コイルに、他相の固定子コイルとは不平衡な位相の交流を印加するように構成したことを特徴とする交流電動機の駆動装置。
- 請求項1~4のいずれかにおいて、前記補正部を、前記多相交流電動機の回転座標系におけるd軸,q軸の電流または電圧指令値のうち、少なくとも1つの指令値に、電気角2次の交流を重畳するように構成したことを特徴とする交流電動機の駆動装置。
- 請求項1~4のいずれかにおいて、前記補正部を、前記多相交流電動機の回転座標系における零相の電流または電圧指令値に、電気角1次の交流を重畳するように構成したことを特徴とする交流電動機の駆動装置。
- 請求項1~6のいずれかにおいて、前記補正部を、事前の解析又は計測の結果に基いて補正分を計算する補正分計算部の出力を入力し、その入力に応じて不平衡状態に補正するように構成したことを特徴とする交流電動機の駆動装置。
- 請求項1~7のいずれかにおいて、前記多相交流電動機の回転中に誘起される電圧を測定する電圧測定器と、この電圧測定器の出力を入力して、不平衡状態にするための指令値を演算する指令値演算部とを備えたことを特徴とする交流電動機の駆動装置。
- 請求項1~8のいずれかにおいて、前記補正部は、前記固定子磁極の少なくとも1つの相に印加する交流の振幅を、その指令値の大きさに係らず、実質的に指令値の一定の割合いだけ補正するように構成されていることを特徴とする交流電動機の駆動装置。
- 請求項1~8のいずれかにおいて、前記補正部は、前記固定子磁極の少なくとも1つの相に印加する交流の振幅を、その指令値に対し、その指令値の大きさに応じて変化する割合いだけ補正するように構成されていることを特徴とする交流電動機の駆動装置。
- 固定子磁極が各相毎に独立して構成された多相固定子磁極を備えた多相交流電動機に、インバータからパルス幅変調による可変電圧・可変周波数の多相交流を印加する交流電動機の駆動方法において、
前記固定子磁極の少なくとも1つの相に印加する交流の振幅および/または位相を、他の相に印加する交流との間で不平衡状態にする補正ステップを備えたことを特徴とする交流電動機の駆動方法。 - 請求項11において、事前の解析又は計測の結果に基いて、補正分を計算する補正分計算ステップと、計算したその補正分に応じて前記不平衡状態に補正するステップとを備えたことを特徴とする交流電動機の駆動方法。
- 請求項11において、運転中に、前記インバータから前記多相交流電動機に印加される電圧を測定するステップと、この電圧測定の結果を入力し、前記不平衡状態にするための指令値を演算する指令値演算ステップとを備えたことを特徴とする交流電動機の駆動方法。
- 固定子コアの内側部に設けた複数の上側及び下側の爪磁極、
前記上側及び下側の爪磁極間にリング状コイルを挟み込んで構成された1相分の固定子磁極、
この1相分の固定子磁極を回転方向に電気角で2π/m間隔づつずらしながら、軸方向にm相分を重ねて配置したm相の固定子磁極、および
前記爪磁極の内周側に所定の空隙を介して回転可能に支持された回転子を備えたクローティース型の多相交流電動機において、
前記m相分の磁極のうち、軸方向中間部に位置する中間相磁極の磁気抵抗を増大させる手段を備えたことを特徴とする多相交流電動機。 - 請求項14において、前記中間相磁極のコアを、前記軸端相磁極のコアに比べて透磁率の低い材料で形成したことを特徴とする多相交流電動機。
- 請求項14において、前記中間相磁極のコアの軸方向寸法を、前記軸端相磁極のコアの軸方向寸法に比べて短くしたことを特徴とする多相交流電動機。
- 固定子コアの内側部に設けた複数の上側及び下側の爪磁極、
前記上側及び下側の爪磁極間にリング状コイルを挟み込んで構成された1相分の固定子磁極、
この1相分の固定子磁極を回転方向に電気角で2π/m間隔づつずらしながら、軸方向にm相分を重ねて配置したm相の固定子磁極、および
前記爪磁極の内周側に所定の空隙を介して回転可能に支持された回転子を備えたクローティース型の多相交流電動機において、
前記m相分の磁極のうち、軸方向中間部に位置する中間相の磁極に巻かれた前記リング状コイルの巻数を、軸端部に位置する軸端相の磁極に巻かれた前記リング状コイルの巻数に比べて少くしたことを特徴とする多相交流電動機。 - 固定子コアの内側部に設けた複数の上側及び下側の爪磁極、
前記上側及び下側の爪磁極間にリング状コイルを挟み込んで構成された1相分の固定子磁極、
この1相分の固定子磁極を回転方向に電気角で2π/m間隔づつずらしながら、軸方向にm相分を重ねて配置したm相の固定子磁極、および
前記爪磁極の内周側に所定の空隙を介して回転可能に支持された回転子を備えたクローティース型の多相交流電動機と、
前記多相交流電動機のケーシング内に一体的に収納され、前記多相交流電動機にパルス幅変調による可変電圧・可変周波数の多相交流を印加するインバータと、前記固定子磁極の少なくとも1つの相に印加する交流の振幅を、他の相に印加する交流との間で不平衡状態にする補正部を含んで前記インバータを制御する制御装置とを備えたことを特徴とする多相交流電動機の駆動装置。
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PCT/JP2009/001762 WO2010119483A1 (ja) | 2009-04-16 | 2009-04-16 | 多相交流電動機、その駆動装置および駆動方法 |
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JP2001037282A (ja) * | 1999-07-15 | 2001-02-09 | Toyota Motor Corp | 多相交流モータの電気制御装置 |
JP2008029142A (ja) * | 2006-07-24 | 2008-02-07 | Hitachi Industrial Equipment Systems Co Ltd | クローティース型回転電機、および、固定子製造方法 |
JP2008148397A (ja) * | 2006-12-07 | 2008-06-26 | Hitachi Ltd | 回転電機 |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2015109777A (ja) * | 2013-12-05 | 2015-06-11 | シンフォニアテクノロジー株式会社 | モータ制御装置 |
Also Published As
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CN102396149B (zh) | 2014-09-17 |
CN102396149A (zh) | 2012-03-28 |
US8664902B2 (en) | 2014-03-04 |
JP5358679B2 (ja) | 2013-12-04 |
US20120038301A1 (en) | 2012-02-16 |
JPWO2010119483A1 (ja) | 2012-10-18 |
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