WO2010110431A1 - 鋳造機の制御装置 - Google Patents
鋳造機の制御装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2010110431A1 WO2010110431A1 PCT/JP2010/055389 JP2010055389W WO2010110431A1 WO 2010110431 A1 WO2010110431 A1 WO 2010110431A1 JP 2010055389 W JP2010055389 W JP 2010055389W WO 2010110431 A1 WO2010110431 A1 WO 2010110431A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- molten metal
- time
- gas
- casting machine
- pressure
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D2/00—Arrangement of indicating or measuring devices, e.g. for temperature or viscosity of the fused mass
- B22D2/003—Arrangement of indicating or measuring devices, e.g. for temperature or viscosity of the fused mass for the level of the molten metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
- B22D18/08—Controlling, supervising, e.g. for safety reasons
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a control device for controlling the pressure of a low-pressure casting machine, and more particularly to a technique for reducing the pulsation of a molten metal by predicting the state of the molten metal.
- Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 disclose a technique for performing feedback control (PID control) of the opening degree of a proportional control valve in accordance with a difference in measured pressure with respect to a specified pressure of high-pressure air in a low-pressure casting machine.
- PID control feedback control
- the feedback control causes a delay in the actual pressure increase with respect to the commanded air pressure. Then, the delay is reflected in the feedback control, and an overshoot occurs in which the actual pressure becomes higher than the instructed pressure. For this reason, air pressure fluctuates greatly and pulsation occurs in the molten metal. As a result, the molten metal surface undulates or the molten metal flows backward in the mold, resulting in a hot water boundary, unfilled or air entrainment, resulting in poor casting.
- the present invention provides a control device for a low-pressure casting machine that can be controlled without causing a delay or overshoot with respect to the indicated value, and can make the behavior of the molten metal in the mold appropriate.
- the purpose is that.
- the present invention is a control device for a casting machine that pressurizes a molten metal and casts it into a feeding mold, and includes a pressurizing unit that pressurizes the molten metal, and a control unit that controls the pressurizing unit.
- the height of the molten metal that has been sent out after a predetermined time has been predicted, and the height of the molten metal that has been predicted is pressurized so that it approximates the specified height of the molten metal when the predetermined time has elapsed.
- the means is controlled.
- the pressurizing means is controlled while predicting the height of the molten metal that has been sent out at the time when a predetermined time has elapsed from the present, so that the occurrence of delay and overshoot is suppressed as in PID control. be able to. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of pulsation in the molten metal and the occurrence of the hot water boundary, unfilling, or air entrainment caused by the pulsation.
- the present invention can be applied to a casting machine in which pressure is applied with a gas such as air.
- the casting machine can include a gas supply unit that supplies a gas that pressurizes the molten metal
- the control unit can include a flow rate adjustment valve that adjusts the flow rate of the gas and a pressure detection unit that detects the pressure of the gas.
- a control means estimates the height of the molten metal surface of the molten metal sent out when predetermined time passed from the present, based on the flow rate of the gas in a flow regulating valve, and the detection result of a pressure detection means.
- the present invention can be applied not only to a casting machine that pressurizes molten metal with gas, but also to a casting machine that pressurizes molten metal with a float, a piston, or electromagnetic force.
- the casting machine can include a holding unit that holds the molten metal and a stalk that sends the molten metal from the holding unit to the mold. And a control means estimates the height of the molten metal level of the sent out molten metal when the predetermined time has passed from the present time by the following [Equation 1] and [Equation 2].
- P1 predicted gas pressure
- A horizontal cross-sectional area inside stalk
- Pi Back pressure applied to the surface of the molten metal
- mA Mass of molten metal inside Stoke
- g Gravitational acceleration
- h1 Height of molten metal surface sent out
- ⁇ (h) viscosity coefficient of molten metal
- P1 predicted gas pressure
- P measured gas pressure
- V gas volume
- R gas constant
- T Caster air temperature
- G Gas flow rate
- G is proportional to the opening degree of the flow rate adjusting valve.
- the channel is not opened until the operating voltage exceeds the lower threshold value. After opening, there is a thing whose flow rate changes linearly with respect to the operating voltage.
- the flow path is not throttled until the operating voltage falls below the upper threshold, and the flow control valve is operated after the flow path starts to be throttled.
- the flow rate varies linearly with voltage. Therefore, when the flow rate is obtained from the operation voltage, it is necessary to consider the operation hysteresis as described above.
- the first term on the right side of [Formula 2] is the pressure increase due to the gas flowing into the casting machine, and the second term is due to the increase in volume as a result of the molten metal being pushed down by the gas flowing into the casting machine. This is the pressure decrease.
- the gas pressure P after t seconds from the current time t1 can be obtained by integrating [Equation 2] from t1 to (t1 + t).
- the gas temperature T in the casting machine can be constant, and the gas flow rate G is preset as that at time (t1 + t).
- the gas volume V at time (t1 + t) can be obtained by adding Ah 1 to the gas volume at time t1 (which has already been obtained).
- the back pressure Pi can be an atmospheric pressure. Further, the mass mA of the molten metal in the stalk is obtained at the time t1, and has already been obtained in the past calculation. Further, the viscosity coefficient ⁇ (h) is known from the material and temperature of the molten metal. Then, when these values and the gas pressure P obtained from [Equation 2] are substituted into [Equation 1] and integration is performed twice, the height h1 of the molten metal surface at the time (t1 + t) of the delivered molten metal is obtained. It is done.
- the operation voltage of the flow regulating valve is lowered.
- the operation voltage of the flow rate adjusting valve is increased.
- the decrease amount of the operating voltage can be made proportional to the difference between the height h1 of the molten metal surface and the specified height.
- the above aspect is the control when the molten metal surface exists in the stalk, and the undulation of the molten metal in the mold can be suppressed only by suppressing the undulating surface of the molten metal in the stalk.
- the control means stores the horizontal cross-sectional area of the stalk and the mold, and corrects the control of the flow rate adjustment valve in accordance with the area of the molten metal surface. For example, the information of the horizontal cross-sectional area of Stoke and the mold is taken into the control system as a disturbance, and the volume increase of the molten metal from the horizontal cross-sectional area to time (t1 + t) is calculated.
- the flow volume in a flow regulating valve be a value commensurate with the volume increase of a molten metal. It is convenient to determine the flow rate by multiplying the ratio of the horizontal cross-sectional area of the mold to the horizontal cross-sectional area of Stoke.
- the present invention it is possible to suppress the occurrence of delay and overshoot as in PID control, and to prevent the occurrence of molten metal pulsation and the occurrence of molten metal boundary, unfilling, or air entrainment. The effect that it can do is acquired.
- reference numeral 10 denotes a low-pressure casting machine.
- the low pressure casting machine 10 includes a heating furnace 11. On the heating furnace 11, a lower mold 12 and an upper mold 13 that can approach and separate in the vertical direction with respect to the lower mold 12 are disposed, and a cavity 14 is formed by the lower mold 12 and the upper mold 13.
- a stalk 15 whose axis is directed in the vertical direction is disposed so as to penetrate, and the upper end of the stalk 15 passes through the lower mold 12 and faces the cavity 14.
- a pipe 16 connected to an air compressor (not shown) is connected to the upper part of the side wall of the heating furnace 11 via a proportional valve (flow rate adjusting valve) 17 so that air flows into the upper space of the molten metal M held inside. It is supposed to let you.
- the heating furnace 11 is provided with a pressure sensor (pressure detection means) 18 for detecting the pressure in the upper space of the molten metal M.
- the molten metal M is sent out to the stalk 15 and filled into the cavity 14 by increasing the pressure in the upper space (in-furnace pressure) of the molten metal M.
- reference numeral 20 denotes a control unit
- reference numeral 21 denotes a model prediction controller (control means).
- the control unit 20 controls the operation of the low-pressure casting machine 10 and outputs information indicating the molten metal surface position to the model prediction controller 21.
- the model prediction controller 21 predicts the molten metal surface position and the furnace pressure from the present three steps ahead, and the predicted molten metal surface position and the instructed molten metal surface position.
- the proportional valve 17 is controlled so that the predicted hot water surface position approximates the instructed hot water surface position.
- the proportional valve 17 is provided with a flow rate detection sensor, and the detection result is input to the model prediction controller 21.
- this model prediction control will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
- the prediction is made up to 3 steps ahead from the present, but the number of steps ahead can be determined as appropriate, and is not limited to this embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a timing chart for explaining the model predictive control, and the horizontal axis indicates the time at each step where the model predictive control is performed.
- the interval of one step is indicated by a scale of 0.1.
- the current time is indicated by time t, and information indicating the hot water surface position is input from the controller 20 to the model prediction controller 21 at this time t.
- the model prediction controller 21 increases the operating voltage for the proportional valve 17 and operates the proportional valve 17 to be fully opened. Since the proportional valve 17 has the operation hysteresis as described above, the flow path starts to open from time (t + 1), and air starts to flow from time (t + 1). In addition, the model prediction controller 21 substitutes the furnace pressure input from the pressure sensor 18 at the current time t into the above-described [Equation 2], and the time (t + 1), time (t + 2), and time (t + 3). Is obtained, and the obtained predicted furnace pressure is substituted into [Equation 1] to obtain the predicted hot water surface position at time (t + 1), time (t + 2), and time (t + 3). . In FIG.
- FIG. 4 shows a state where the process proceeds from the state shown in FIG. 3 to the next step (1.1).
- the model prediction controller 21 calculates the time (t + 1), the time (t + 2), and the time (t + 3) from the in-furnace pressure input from the pressure sensor 18 at the time of the current time t and the above-described [Equation 2] and [Equation 1].
- the predicted hot water surface position at the time of is obtained.
- the furnace pressure starts to increase from the middle of the current time t and time (t + 1), and as a result, the surface of the molten metal M in the heating furnace 11 is pushed, and a little at time (t + 1).
- the molten metal M is pushed into the stalk 15 from the front, and the molten metal surface starts to rise.
- the model prediction controller 21 maintains the current operation voltage applied to the proportional valve 17 because the predicted hot water surface position is significantly lower than the indicated hot water surface position.
- FIG. 5 shows a state where the process proceeds from the state shown in FIG. 4 to the next step (1.2).
- the model prediction controller 21 calculates the time (t + 1), the time (t + 2), and the time (t + 3) from the in-furnace pressure input from the pressure sensor 18 at the time of the current time t and the above-described [Equation 2] and [Equation 1].
- the predicted hot water surface position at the time of is obtained.
- the model prediction controller 21 since the predicted hot water surface position is close to the indicated hot water surface position at time (t + 2), it is necessary to reduce the operation voltage applied to the proportional valve 17 at time (t + 1). Maintain the current control voltage.
- FIG. 6 shows a state where the process proceeds from the state shown in FIG. 5 to the next step (1.3).
- the model prediction controller 21 calculates the time (t + 1), the time (t + 2), and the time (t + 3) from the in-furnace pressure input from the pressure sensor 18 at the time of the current time t and the above-described [Equation 2] and [Equation 1].
- the predicted hot water surface position at the time of is obtained.
- the predicted hot water surface position is close to the indicated hot water surface position at time (t + 1), and therefore the operation voltage applied to the proportional valve 17 is reduced at time t.
- FIG. 7 shows a state where the process proceeds from the state shown in FIG. 6 to the next step (1.4).
- the model prediction controller 21 calculates the time (t + 1), the time (t + 2), and the time (t + 3) from the in-furnace pressure input from the pressure sensor 18 at the time of the current time t and the above-described [Equation 2] and [Equation 1].
- the predicted hot water surface position at the time of is obtained.
- the predicted hot water surface position approximates the indicated hot water surface position after time t, but at the time (t + 2), the predicted hot water surface position is slightly lower than the indicated hot water surface position. Therefore, the model prediction controller 21 slightly increases the operation voltage of the proportional valve 17 at time t. Thereby, after time (t + 3), it will be in the stable state in which the predicted hot-water surface position substantially corresponded with the indicated hot-water surface position.
- the surface of the molten metal M is stabilized in the stalk 15. Therefore, since the rising speed of the hot water surface in the stalk 15 can be increased, the casting time can be shortened. Further, since the stable state is substantially maintained even when the molten metal is filled in the cavity 14, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of delay and overshoot as in PID control, and the occurrence of molten metal pulsation and the resulting hot water boundary. It is possible to prevent the occurrence of unfilling or air entrainment.
- the model prediction controller 21 stores the horizontal cross-sectional area information of the stalk 15 and the cavity 14 and corrects the operation voltage using this as a disturbance.
- the operation voltage is multiplied by S / A for correction.
- the rising speed of the hot water surface in the pouring gate and the cavity 14 becomes constant, and the hot water surface is prevented from being disturbed.
- the present invention can be applied not only to the casting machine 10 that pressurizes the molten metal with air as described above, but also to a casting machine that pressurizes the molten metal with a float, a piston, or electromagnetic force.
- a casting machine that pressurizes molten metal with a float or a piston the same control as described above can be performed if the reaction force received by the float or piston is output to the model prediction controller 21 as pressure information.
- the present invention enables model prediction control to be applied to a casting machine for the first time, is excellent in productivity and yield, and is very promising for application in the field of casting.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Pi:溶湯の湯面にかかる背圧、
mA:ストーク内部の溶湯の質量、g:重力加速度、
h1:送り出された溶湯の湯面の高さ、μ(h):溶湯の粘性係数
V:ガス体積、R:気体定数、
T:鋳造機内空気温度、G:ガス流量
11 加熱炉
12 下型(モールド)
13 上型(モールド)
14 キャビティ
15 ストーク
17 比例弁(加圧手段、圧力調整弁)
18 圧力センサ(圧力検出手段)
20 制御部
21 モデル予測コントローラ(制御手段)
Claims (4)
- 溶湯を加圧して送り出しモールドに鋳造する鋳造機の制御装置であって、溶湯を加圧する加圧手段と、この加圧手段を制御する制御手段とを備え、前記制御手段は、現在から所定時間経過した時点における送り出された前記溶湯の湯面の高さを予測し、この予測された湯面の高さが前記所定時間経過した時点における湯面の指定高さに近似するように前記加圧手段を制御することを特徴とする鋳造機の制御装置。
- 前記鋳造機は、溶湯を加圧するガスを供給する空気供給手段を備え、前記制御手段は、ガスの流量を調整する流量調整弁と、ガスの圧力を検出する圧力検出手段とを備え、前記制御手段は、前記流量調整弁におけるガスの流量と前記圧力検出手段の検出結果とに基づき、現在から所定時間経過した時点における送り出された前記溶湯の湯面の高さを予測することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の鋳造機の制御装置。
- 前記制御手段は、前記ストークおよび前記モールドの水平断面積を記憶し、前記溶湯の湯面の面積に対応して前記流量調整弁の制御を補正することを特徴とする請求項3に記載の鋳造機の制御装置。
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CN201080009840.4A CN102341200B (zh) | 2009-03-27 | 2010-03-26 | 铸造机的控制装置 |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2013141691A (ja) * | 2012-01-11 | 2013-07-22 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 炉の空気室の体積を算出する方法、鋳造方法、炉の空気室の体積を算出する装置および炉の空気室の体積を算出するためのプログラム |
CN103547394A (zh) * | 2011-01-28 | 2014-01-29 | 艾德拉有限公司 | 真空压铸机 |
Citations (1)
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JP2005118874A (ja) * | 2003-09-22 | 2005-05-12 | Ryobi Ltd | 低圧鋳造方法及び低圧鋳造装置 |
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JPS5910461A (ja) * | 1982-07-08 | 1984-01-19 | Toyota Motor Corp | 低圧鋳造法における溶湯の充填加圧方法 |
JPS5935874A (ja) * | 1982-08-24 | 1984-02-27 | Toyota Motor Corp | 低圧鋳造方法 |
US4741381A (en) * | 1986-01-22 | 1988-05-03 | Sintokogio Ltd. | Method of and apparatus for automatically controlling pressure in holding furnace incorporated in low pressure die-casting system |
JP2528313B2 (ja) * | 1987-05-02 | 1996-08-28 | 株式会社 五十鈴製作所 | 圧力制御装置 |
JPS63290674A (ja) * | 1987-05-21 | 1988-11-28 | Aichi Mach Ind Co Ltd | 低圧鋳造機の昇圧装置 |
JPH06304738A (ja) * | 1993-04-22 | 1994-11-01 | Toyota Motor Corp | 差圧鋳造における炉内加圧制御方法 |
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2009
- 2009-03-27 JP JP2009078766A patent/JP5339987B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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- 2010-03-26 CN CN201080009840.4A patent/CN102341200B/zh active Active
- 2010-03-26 WO PCT/JP2010/055389 patent/WO2010110431A1/ja active Application Filing
Patent Citations (1)
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JP2005118874A (ja) * | 2003-09-22 | 2005-05-12 | Ryobi Ltd | 低圧鋳造方法及び低圧鋳造装置 |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103547394A (zh) * | 2011-01-28 | 2014-01-29 | 艾德拉有限公司 | 真空压铸机 |
JP2013141691A (ja) * | 2012-01-11 | 2013-07-22 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 炉の空気室の体積を算出する方法、鋳造方法、炉の空気室の体積を算出する装置および炉の空気室の体積を算出するためのプログラム |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP2010227974A (ja) | 2010-10-14 |
JP5339987B2 (ja) | 2013-11-13 |
CN102341200B (zh) | 2013-08-28 |
CN102341200A (zh) | 2012-02-01 |
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