WO2010107007A1

WO2010107007A1 - Method for producing dry organic material

Info

Publication number: WO2010107007A1
Application number: PCT/JP2010/054374
Authority: WO
Inventors: 久和池田
Original assignee: Ikeda Hisakazu
Priority date: 2009-03-17
Filing date: 2010-03-16
Publication date: 2010-09-23
Also published as: JPWO2010107007A1

Abstract

Provided is a method for producing a dry organic material whereby an organic waste having a high water content can be efficiently and rapidly dried, compared with the existing methods. A method for producing a dry organic material which comprises rapidly drying a starting organic material containing water, such as an organic waste, via fermentation with a microorganism to give a powder and granular material, wherein an edible microorganism, for example, a yeast, Aspergillus oryzae or Bacillus natto, is artificially added to said starting organic material. In this method, the total water content of the starting organic material is adjusted to 45 to 70% and the bulk specific gravity thereof is adjusted to 0.3 to 0.7, so that the starting organic material is fermented and dried to give a powder and granular material having a water content of 38% or less within 20 days.

Description

Manufacturing method of dry organic materials

The present invention relates to a method for producing a dry organic material that recycles organic residues such as raw garbage, livestock waste, and agricultural by-products as useful resources by efficiently drying them.

Organic waste discharged in large quantities from food factories and raw garbage discharged from households are expensive and partly composted, but most are incinerated. Moreover, livestock waste and agricultural by-products have been reduced and composted over a long period of time. In such a process, organic waste is consumed in the dark clouds, and carbon dioxide is generated wastefully.

Regarding the use of organic residue as a dry material, it is possible to dry a large amount of water contained in an organic residue in a short time and at low cost without using petroleum, and to prevent the generation of bad odors throughout the materialization process and use. When using as a fuel, the three points of being able to generate a high amount of heat are major issues.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventor has already proposed a method for drying an organic substance using microorganisms effectively (see Patent Document 1). According to this, since a large amount can be dried in a short time without using petroleum energy, the cost can be reduced and it can be manufactured in a simple facility.

JP 2006-116529 A (first page)

The problem to be solved with respect to the method for producing a dry organic material is to provide a method capable of drying an organic residue having a large amount of water more efficiently and rapidly than a conventional method.

The present invention has the following configuration in order to achieve the above object.
According to one embodiment of the method for producing a dry organic material according to the present invention, the production of a dry organic material that is rapidly dried into a granular form by fermenting an organic material containing moisture such as organic waste with fungi. In the method, edible bacteria such as yeast, bacilli, and natto are artificially added to the organic material, and then fermented and dried into a granular form.

Further, according to one embodiment of the method for producing a dry organic material according to the present invention, the organic material is 45% in total so that the organic material is fermented and dried in a granular form having a water content of 38% or less within 20 days. It can be characterized in that it is adjusted to ˜70% and the capacity specific gravity is made 0.3 to 0.7.

Moreover, according to one form of the manufacturing method of the dry organic substance material concerning this invention, the fermenter was used so that the said organic substance raw material might be dried continuously, and the top part was open | released in the flat type fermenter. In a square-shaped scoop fermenter, the floor and side walls are made of structural material such as wood, stainless steel or other wire mesh, carbide, ceramic or plastic, and the gap between the structural material and the structural material is bonded. A stirrer equipped with a rotary rotary blade or a scoop-type lifting blade, etc., simultaneously turning and moving the organic material on the floor, and supplying the organic material in sequence It can be characterized by being moved and dried.

Moreover, according to one form of the manufacturing method of the dry organic substance material concerning this invention, the dry organic substance material which rapidly dries the organic raw material containing water | moisture contents, such as organic waste, to a granular form by fermenting with fungi In this manufacturing method, the outer shape is formed by a rectangular outer frame body that is open vertically or upward, and stands up at a predetermined interval so as to divide the space into which the organic material is charged. A plurality of partition walls arranged parallel to each other, the partition walls having a partition surface material on both sides and provided in a hollow space where the interior can be ventilated in the vertical direction, and the partition surface material intersects the linear portion The container apparatus for fermentation drying provided in the grid | lattice form with favorable air permeability formed by the linear part to perform or a mesh shape is used.

Further, according to one aspect of the method for producing a dry organic material according to the present invention, at least a part of each wall surface of the outer frame body has a lattice shape or a mesh shape having excellent air permeability equivalent to the partition surface material. It can be characterized by being provided.
Further, according to one embodiment of the method for producing a dry organic material according to the present invention, in an organic material in which various germs such as garbage are propagated, an inoculum for fermenting the organic material is input after heat sterilization. It can be characterized by.

In addition, according to one embodiment of the method for producing a dry organic material according to the present invention, the hyphae are cut off by being scraped from the mushroom cultivation container after harvesting of the fungus bed-cultivated mushrooms, so that the growth ability is lost. It may be characterized by having a step of introducing and mixing inoculum for fermenting the mushroom waste fungus bed into the mushroom waste fungus bed at a stage where there is little invasion of various germs immediately after.

Further, according to one embodiment of the method for producing a dry organic material according to the present invention, the water-containing organic material whose moisture has been adjusted by the method for producing a dry organic material is molded into a solid form by a molding machine using pressure. It can be characterized by having a process.

The method for producing a dry organic material according to the present invention has a particularly advantageous effect that an organic residue having a high water content can be dried more efficiently and rapidly than the conventional method.

It is a perspective view which shows the example of a form of the fermentation drying facility of the organic substance concerning this invention. It is a side view of the fermentation drying facility of FIG. It is a block diagram of the manufacturing apparatus system of the dry organic substance material concerning this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the other form example of the fermented drying facility of the organic substance concerning this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the example of a form of the container apparatus for fermentation drying concerning this invention. It is sectional drawing of the fermentation drying apparatus of FIG. It is a front view which shows the use condition of the fermentation drying apparatus of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the example of a form of a shake stopper. It is sectional drawing which shows the example of a form of a partition wall. It is explanatory drawing which shows the example of the form of the drying apparatus system which concerns on this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows other example forms, such as a shake stopper. It is sectional drawing which shows the other example of a partition wall. It is a perspective view which shows the example of a form of the box for drying which concerns on this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the other example of a form of the box for drying which concerns on this invention.

Hereinafter, the best mode example concerning the manufacturing method of the dry organic substance of the present invention will be described in detail below.
In the method for producing a dry organic material according to the present invention, an organic material containing water such as organic waste is fermented and decomposed with an aerobic microorganism, and the granule having a water content of 38% or less within 20 days. Fermented and dried to form. By making the water content 38% or less, it does not shift to septic fermentation, and the generation of malodor can be prevented. In addition, energy loss can be minimized by a short fermentation drying process.

In the method for producing a dry organic material of the present invention, the organic raw material is subjected to moisture adjustment and / or heat sterilization, and artificially added edible bacteria such as yeast, koji mold, and natto bacteria, Fermented and dried into granules. By this moisture adjustment and / or heat sterilization, conditions for propagation of edible bacteria can be suitably adjusted, and drying can be performed efficiently.
The water content of the organic material can be adjusted by adjusting the total water content to 40 to 70%, preferably 45 to 55%, whereby the fermentation conditions can be further adjusted and drying can be performed efficiently. In addition, when the water | moisture content of an organic raw material is moderate and a water | moisture content adjustment is not required, it should just progress to a fermentation process, after confirming the water | moisture content.

In addition, when the organic material has a lot of water, the specific gravity is adjusted so as to be lighter with rice straw, buckwheat, corn core, paper scraps, cloth scraps, building waste, plastic pulverized materials, and the like. As a result, a gap is formed, and aerobic fermentation is promoted when air enters moderately, so that fermentation drying proceeds in a short period of time and it can be used as a fuel.
When the period of aerobic fermentation and drying to a moisture content of 38% is taken over 20 days, the energy in the raw material is consumed as a nutrient source for microorganisms. For this reason, the calorific value as a fuel will be lost and it will become unsuitable for a fuel. It is important to discharge the moisture in the raw material as soon as possible using the fermentation heat of microorganisms.
For this purpose, the volume specific gravity of the raw material should be adjusted to 0.3 to 0.7, preferably 0.4 to 0.6. The method for measuring the volume specific gravity is calculated from the weight per volume when the raw material is charged into the fermenter.

According to the combustion test of the dry organic fuel vapor boiler according to the present invention, the dry organic material having a drying period of 10 to 20 days has a sufficiently high calorific value for generating steam, and is dried for 30 days or more. As a result, the calorific value was extremely reduced. Furthermore, when the drying period was extended to 40 to 50 days, high-temperature combustion was not performed and effective steam could not be generated. Moreover, as for the thing fermented by spoilage bacteria, even if the drying period was short, the result that the emitted-heat amount fell extremely was obtained.

As a heat sterilization method, steam sterilization can efficiently sterilize a water-containing organic material raw material in which various germs such as garbage are propagated. Furthermore, steam sterilization can be performed more efficiently by being performed simultaneously during the mixing step for moisture adjustment and the like. This is because the organic raw materials are stirred when they are mixed, so that it is easy to apply the thermal energy of the vapor to the entire raw materials. In addition, moisture adjustment can be performed by directly applying steam to the raw material. If superheated steam is used, the organic material can be dried.
The mixing and stirring of the organic material is performed by a mixer such as a ribbon mixer, for example, and can be loosened and homogenized before the organic material is supplied to the fermenter and fermented.

Examples of the moisture adjusting agent or the thermal power adjusting agent for the organic material raw material include 1-30%, preferably pulverized dry organic matter such as corn core, stalk or leaf and / or rubber pulverized material such as plastic pulverized product or tire. 5-15% can be mixed. It is an inexpensive and easily available material and can be adjusted suitably.
In addition, when at least a part of the organic raw material is ground garbage and / or mushroom waste fungus bed (hereinafter also referred to as “mushroom waste medium”), the raw material becomes fungal nutrient. It can be suitably fermented and dried.

In addition, by using a fermenter in which the floor of the fermenter is provided with a wooden floor or netting and is provided on the raised floor, air is suitably supplied, and fermentation can be promoted to shorten the drying time.
Furthermore, in the flat type fermenter, the floor part and in the scoop type fermenter having a square cross section with an open upper surface, the floor part and the side wall part are made of any one of metal mesh such as wood, stainless steel, carbide, ceramic or plastic. Or, it is provided with a structural material by a combination, an air passage is formed without filling a gap between the structural material with an adhesive or the like, and a device equipped with a rotary rotary blade or a scoop type lifting blade on the floor portion. The organic material is turned back and moved simultaneously, and the organic material is sequentially supplied and moved to be dried. According to this, the supply of air from the entire surface is suitably performed, and the organic matter can be continuously and efficiently dried. By performing floor heating under the floor of the floor portion, fermentation and drying can be performed efficiently even in winter.

By the way, the present invention is based on the fast fermentation drying method already proposed by the present inventor (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-116529), and is a technique for producing dry organic materials more efficiently by applying the technique. is there. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a high-speed fermentation drying facility according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG. It is comprised by the greenhouse (1), the floor board part (2), and the rotary type stirring apparatus (3), and the hollow (4) is formed. The input raw material (5) is sequentially sent to become a material (9) and discharged.

In order to create an optimal fermentation environment, the thickness of the raw material (5) is set to about 40 to 80 cm, and it is shaped like a mountain range. Air of moderate pressure is inserted into the hollow (4) under the floor. 1 and 2, the height interval of the hollow (4) was set to 20 cm, and the deposition height of the raw material (5) was set to about 50 cm. Further, the width of the kamaboko-shaped raw material is about 5 m, and the total length in the feeding direction is 30 m. As shown in FIG. 2, 20 m in the front section (a) is a fermentation process, and 10 m in the rear section (b) is a drying process. The floor section (2) in the rear section (b) is provided with a number of air holes (6) having a diameter of about 5 mm to enhance air permeability. A warm water pipe (7) is stretched around the bottom to raise the floor temperature. Further, according to the rotary type stirring device (3), the rotary blade rotates as indicated by an arrow (3b) shown in FIG. 2 while moving as a closed loop locus (3a). Thus, the raw material (5) can be cut back and the raw material (5) can be sequentially sent in the direction of the white arrow.

In addition, when using a scoop fermenter having a square cross-section with an open upper surface, a side wall is required to thicken the raw material, and when the form of the fermenter side wall is provided in the same manner as the above-mentioned flooring material. Good. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the floor part and side wall part of a scoop-type fermenter can be netted. As shown in FIG. 4, it may be entirely screened or partially screened. Furthermore, in order to increase the drying speed, it is preferable to provide a rotary rotary blade below the raised portion so that the material falling by high-speed rotation is blown away.

Organic waste is agricultural, livestock, food industry, household waste, vegetable and animal waste from hotels and restaurants, such as mushroom waste medium, rice husk, barley, corn cob Includes meals, sludge, bagasse, buckwheat, beans, rice bran, rice bran, okara, fruit juice pomace, cooked garbage, cattle, sheep, pigs, chickens, and other domestic animal feces.

The fermented material (dried organic material) obtained by the above production method not only solves soil damage such as prevention of continuous cropping trouble, but also decomposes dioxins remaining in the soil to make them harmless. In addition, residual agricultural chemicals and harmful substances such as chemical fertilizers are purified by the action of microorganisms.
Furthermore, this dry organic material can be used as a high-grade biomass powder fuel. Moreover, it can be used not only as fuel, but also as a microbial material to purify the environment, protect the health of human animals, and can be used in various fields as feed, bedding, fermenting agents, soil improvers, and crop pests.

In addition, as a fermentation base for adjusting moisture problems and woody materials during fermentation and combustion processes, corn cores, stems, leaves, etc. are crushed and compressed to improve water absorption and water retention. Materials suitable for culture: The brand name “Press Corn” (manufactured by Ikeda Nokoko, No. 305, Kamihira, 305-44, Kamihira, Sakagi-machi, Nagano Prefecture) may be used.

Next, based on FIG. 3, the manufacturing apparatus system of the dry organic material concerning this invention is demonstrated. FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a dry organic material manufacturing apparatus system according to the present invention.
According to this system, first, the organic material is adjusted by a pulverizer and a mixer before being supplied to the fermentation process. In the mixer, moisture adjustment can be performed by mixing a plurality of raw materials. As a raw material for moisture adjustment, a part of the dry organic material produced by the manufacturing apparatus system can be returned and used. According to this, it can respond suitably also to the organic raw material with much moisture.
In addition, a pulverizer (or a crushing process) is not particularly required when a granular organic material or an adjusted raw material is supplied. In addition, when fermenting a single organic material such as a mushroom waste medium, it is not necessary to mix with a mixer, but the material can be loosened and homogenized.

Moreover, as a heating apparatus for heat sterilizing the organic material, a boiler that generates steam can be used. Steam sterilization is a sterilization method suitable for performing subsequent fermentation with edible fungi.
Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 3, the boiler according to this embodiment is provided as a heating device that supplies steam into the mixer and heats the inside thereof, and is also used as a heat source for floor heating of the fermenter. Therefore, the boiler can be used efficiently.
As the boiler fuel, dry organic materials produced by the production apparatus system according to the present invention can be used, and the production plant is extremely efficient.

The present invention is a technique aimed at obtaining more dry organic materials without reducing the capacity of the organic materials as much as possible. Therefore, it is the opposite of general garbage reduction, and it is a method that allows maximum utilization of raw garbage as biomass material such as solid fuel.
In addition, as a part of organic raw material, the thing with fluidity like sludge is included. In the present invention, it is also a technique that can adjust the moisture by appropriately mixing such fluid organic raw materials to make a fuel.

Next, a method for producing a dried organic material using the fermentation drying container apparatus 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 to 12. In the embodiment of the fermentation drying container apparatus 10 according to the present invention as shown in FIG. In order to ferment and dry a powdery organic material containing a lot of moisture with fungi, the outer shape is constituted by a rectangular outer frame body opened up and down.
The outer frame body 11 includes a plurality of partition walls 20 that are erected and arranged in parallel at predetermined intervals so as to divide the space into which the organic raw material is charged. The partition wall 20 is provided in a hollow 25 having

partition surface members

21 and 21 on both sides and allowing the inside to vent in the vertical direction. Further, the partition surface material 21 is provided with a good air permeability formed by the linear portions 21a and the linear portions 21a intersecting with each other, and is provided in a uniform lattice shape or mesh shape (see FIG. 6).

Note that the lattice shape or mesh shape formed by the linear portions 21a intersecting with the linear portions 21a is formed by knitting a wire material such as a wire mesh or integrally connected like a lath mesh. It is meant to include both forms of those formed in the state. In addition, a plastic lattice-shaped molded article having a high air permeability can be used for cost reduction.
By forming in a lattice shape or a mesh shape in this way, the aperture ratio can be increased as compared with a plate material provided with a large number of circular through holes such as punching metal. Moreover, since it is formed by the linear part, it has a form rich in uniformity as compared with a multi-hole form in which circular through holes are hollowed out. For this reason, the drying time of a water-containing organic substance can be shortened very effectively. Before the strong mycelium is formed, the drying proceeds and does not become a strong mycelium, so it can be easily discharged and taken out.

Alternatively, the partition wall 20 may be pivotally attached to the upper part of the outer frame body 11 so as to hang down. According to this, since the partition wall 20 is oscillated and easily generates a gap, the organic matter that has been fermented and hardened is easily discharged.
Furthermore, you may form the partition wall 20 in the taper shape where the thickness of an upper part is wider than the thickness of a lower part (refer FIG. 9). According to this, it has become a form which is easy to discharge | emit the organic substance which became fermented and hardened. Even in a simple form in which the partition wall 20 is fixed in the outer frame body 11, the organic matter can be effectively discharged.

In this embodiment, the

doors

30 and 30 of the door type that opens on both sides are provided at the bottom of the outer frame body 11. In this embodiment, the pair of opening /

closing doors

30 and 30 are configured to open and close in the front-rear direction. Reference numeral 40 denotes a holding lever, and a plurality of holding levers are arranged above the skirt portions 15 on both side surfaces of the outer frame body 11 so that the L-shaped one end portion 41 can enter the inside of the outer frame body 11 from the slit portion 16 of the side plate. The other end 42 is a handle that can be manually operated. When the opening / closing door 30 closes the bottom surface of the outer frame body 11, the holding lever 40 is supported by one end 41 entering the lower surface of each side portion of the opening / closing door 30. Thereby, the open / close door 30 is held in a closed state. Then, when opening the opening / closing door 30, it is only necessary to manually operate the other end portion 42 to rotate the holding lever 40 and release the support by the one end portion 41.
Note that the opening / closing mechanism of the pair of opening / closing doors 30 is not limited to this, and other mechanisms such as the configuration of other storage boxes and support by pins may be used.

Then, when the bottom surface of the outer frame body 11 is closed on the inner surface side of the opening /

closing doors

30, 30, a shake stopper 31 (see FIG. 5) that engages with the lower end portion 23 of the partition wall 20 to prevent the partition wall 20 from sideways. 8). Thereby, an organic raw material can be thrown in the appropriate state which suspended the partition wall 20 provided so that rotation was possible in parallel with the side plate 14.
As shown in FIG. 8, the shake stopper 31 is a lower end portion 23 of the partition wall 20 and abuts on the outside of the

partition surface materials

21 and 21 on both sides, thereby preventing the shake of the partition wall 20. It can be set as a form to match. The partition wall 20 can be securely held at a predetermined position with a simple configuration.

Further, the form of the shake stopper is not limited to the form shown in FIG. 8, but may be another form (see FIGS. 11 and 12) in which the concave / convex fitting relationship is changed. According to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the partition wall 20 is predetermined by fitting the tapered lower end protrusion 23A of the partition wall 20 into the communication hole 33 provided in the pair of opening and

closing doors

30 and 30. It is set to the position. According to this, it is a form which is hard to produce the influence by adhesion of a to-be-dried object, can be set suitably even if it uses repeatedly, and the shake of the partition wall 20 can be prevented suitably.
In addition, as shown in FIG. 11, the partition wall 20 may be provided with a lid 20 </ b> B that can close the opening on the side (upper surface) into which the material to be dried is charged. According to this, an object to be dried can be prevented from entering the hollow of the partition wall 20. The lid 20B may be fixed in a closed state as long as it has air permeability.
Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 12, the partition wall 20 may be formed by reinforcing a frame 20A with a rod and covering it with a plastic mesh member 20C having high air permeability. According to this, while ensuring favorable air permeability so as to promote fermentation, the manufacturing cost can be reduced and the weight can be reduced.

Further, a hollow portion through which air can be vertically released may be provided between the side plate 14 and the side plate 14 by stretching a partition surface material 21 used for the partition wall 20 at a predetermined interval on the inner surface of the side plate 14. According to this, the raw material is not in direct contact with the inner surface of the side plate 14, and drying of the raw material in a portion close to the inner surface of the side plate 14 can be promoted.

The pair of opening /

closing doors

30 and 30 are provided with communication holes 33 so as to communicate with the hollow 25 of the partition wall 20 from the outside when the bottom surface of the outer frame body 11 is closed. That is, the communication hole 33 is opened corresponding to the position of the partition wall 20.
According to this, even when this container apparatus is stacked in the vertical direction to be stacked, it is possible to suitably ensure the flow of air in the vertical direction.

A skirt portion 15 is provided at the lower end portion 11b so that the lower end portion 11b of the other outer frame body 11 that is stacked on the upper end portion 11a of the outer frame body 11 can be stacked. Reference numeral 18 denotes a grounding portion, which is provided inside the corner of the skirt portion 15 and is a portion that is grounded on the upper end corner portion 17 of the outer frame body 11.
According to the skirt portion 15, safety can be improved, the container devices can be stacked accurately, and the connecting portions to be stacked can be protected from rain.
Further, the skirt portion 15 can be provided with a ventilation portion 15a formed by a notch or an opening so as to allow ventilation to the inside of the outer frame body 11. Drying efficiency can be improved by forcibly ventilating using the ventilation part 15a or blowing warm air.
Reference numeral 19 denotes a lifting hook, which has a U-shape for receiving a fork of a forklift. The lifting hook 19 is sized so that it can be stored in the skirt 15.

Next, using the above-described container container for fermentation and drying, the water-containing organic matter (raw material) that does not require sterilization, such as mushroom waste fungus bed, is dried by the action of aerobic bacteria (good bacteria group). A drying method will be described.
In addition, the aerobic bacteria (good bacteria group) concerning this invention are the thermophilic bacteria fermented at low temperature, there are many edible bacteria, useful bacteria, and a microaerobic microbe is included.
As a pre-process for charging the raw material into the fermentation drying container apparatus 10 or the like, sterilization with a good bacteria group is performed. For example, in the mushroom waste fungus bed at the stage where there is little invasion of miscellaneous bacteria immediately after the hyphae are cut and the viability is lost by being scraped from the cultivation bottle of mushrooms after harvesting of the fungus bed cultivation mushrooms, Aerobic inoculum is introduced and planted (see FIG. 10).

The step of introducing the aerobic inoculum is preferably performed while being sequentially discharged from the scraping device 51 of the waste mushroom bed of mushrooms, and sequentially transferred to the storage location 53 on the conveyor 52. Only mushroom fungi are present in the mushroom waste fungus bed, and good bacteria groups can be planted before the germs enter, and then the growth of good bacteria groups can be promoted to improve drying efficiency. In addition, the inoculum can be evenly and uniformly inoculated on the mushroom waste fungus bed that is continuously transferred in small amounts on the conveyor 52. And by dropping into the storage location 53, the waste mushroom bed of mushrooms is in a state of being uniformly mixed with the inoculum.
In addition, by using the rotary type or screw conveyor type of the bacteria input device 55 to input the aerobic inoculum, the good bacteria group can be planted more uniformly and the drying efficiency can be improved.
The method for planting the good bacteria group is not limited to this, and a method in which the inoculum is introduced into the stored raw material and mixed with a mixer device or the like can also be employed.

In addition, after the aerobic bacteria are propagated by leaving the waste mushroom bed in which the aerobic inoculum is introduced in the storage location 53 for a required time (for example, 2 to 3 days), the above-described container container for fermentation and drying is used. And may be dried.
According to this, the fermentation drying process using the container apparatus 10 for fermentation drying can be shortened. Therefore, the container device 10 can be most effectively utilized and the utilization efficiency can be increased.

In addition, a fermentation process is not limited to using the container apparatus 10 for fermentation drying of this embodiment, The target fermentation organic also uses another fermenter or fermentation facilities (refer FIG.1, 2 and 4). A dry product can be obtained. As an example of the form of the fermenter, for example, there is a drying box described later (see FIGS. 13 and 14). The drying box has an upper surface opened and a lower surface closed by a face material having good air permeability.

A large amount of organic waste discharged from a food factory is generally sterilized by high-temperature steam or hot water, and is discharged in an almost aseptic state. In addition, there are no fungi other than mushrooms in the waste bed immediately after the mushrooms discharged from the mushroom factory are harvested.
These organic wastes can be cultivated purely by giving specific conditions preferred by the inoculum to be added. Therefore, the invasion of spoilage bacteria can be prevented by adding the inoculum suitable for the purpose on the discharge line immediately after the discharge of the waste and before the contamination with germs (see FIG. 10). This can solve the problem of bad odor pollution caused by corruption. Further, the dried fermented dried product does not generate malodor even when burned.
In addition, stable quality can always be maintained by adjusting the addition amount of the inoculum according to the discharge amount of the waste flowing on the discharge line.

The organic dried product obtained by the above method for drying a water-containing organic material may be used as at least a part of the aerobic inoculum described above. The inoculum deteriorates when regeneration is repeated, but if it is used in order to such an extent that it does not deteriorate, the cost of the inoculum can be reduced. Moreover, it is possible to use an organic dried material in large quantities as an inoculum, and it can promote fermentation.
Moreover, it is good to use the organic dried material obtained by the drying method of the above water-containing organic material as a fuel of heating apparatuses 56, such as a warm air boiler. Drying can be promoted by introducing warm air generated from the heating device 56 into the hollow 25 of the partition wall 20. The cost of drying can be greatly reduced by self-consuming organic dry matter.

Next, embodiments according to the container apparatus for fermentation and drying and the method for drying a water-containing organic substance of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
The partition wall 20 is pivotally attached to upper portions of the front plate 12 and the back plate 13 of the outer frame body 11 at both end portions of the upper end portion 22 thereof. Thereby, it hangs down from the upper part of the outer frame body 11 and can swing around the shaft 24. The plurality of partition walls 20 are arranged in a state where they are suspended in parallel between the left and

right side plates

14, 14 of the outer frame body 11 at a predetermined interval. Further, the bottom surface is configured to be opened and closed by a pair of opening and

closing doors

30 and 30 that can be opened to the lower side with hinges 35 provided at the lower portions of the front plate 12 and the back plate 13 as axes. Has been.

Further, in order to improve the air permeability of the partition wall 20, it is preferable that both

partition surface materials

21 and 21 have a net-like or lattice-like form such as a metal mesh, a plastic net or a lath net having a high aperture ratio. However, if there is an inconvenience in terms of strength or the like, only one side is effective. The hyphae is very fast and stretches about 10 to 15 cm from the air contact surface in 2 to 3 days to take away moisture in the raw material. For this reason, the hollow 25 portion of the partition wall 20 needs to induce a large amount of water, so that it is preferably 3 to 10 cm, preferably 5 to 7 cm when forced exhaust is not performed. When the width is too wide, the inside of the container device 10 for fermentation and drying, which is a fermenter, becomes small, and the processing amount of the water-containing organic raw material decreases.

The distance between the partition walls 20 that is the width of the mouth into which the water-containing organic material is charged is about 15 to 40 cm, preferably 20 to 25 cm, calculated from the thickness of the mycelium. If it is too thin, the throughput will decrease, and if it is too thick, drying will not proceed. The size of the lattice-like or net-like mesh should be as large as possible so that the raw material does not leak out. The material is preferably stainless steel or plastic net or molded product (plastic net) because it does not oxidize and has high strength. In addition, when using a plastic net etc., the reinforcement material as a framework is required inside.

The raw material containing the inoculum is put into the fermenter, and the fungus turns around in 3 to 4 days. The raw material is divided by the partition wall and becomes a mass of mycelium. Since the activity of the bacteria is stabilized at this point, drying is difficult to proceed thereafter. The fermented organic matter at that time can be directly put into the combustion furnace and used as fuel. However, because there is still a lot of moisture, the freight is bulky and expensive to put on logistics, and the quality is not stable. In order to solve the problem, a second fermentation step is required. In that case, the mycelium in the form of mycelium is broken up and mixed, and then re-fermented. The fermented organic matter is discharged by opening the door at the bottom of the fermenter, and the fermented organic matter is sequentially replaced while stirring into an empty fermenter. As a result, re-fermentation starts, the temperature of the raw material rises again, and moisture is emitted. By repeating the operation 2 to 3 times, the water content is reduced, and a dried fermented product having a higher degree of drying can be obtained.

When producing a large amount of fermented organic dry matter as fuel, feed, fertilizer, etc., it is possible to stack fermenters in a multi-stage manner as shown in FIG. Moreover, fermentation drying can be performed outdoors as needed. Since the outside is well ventilated, it can be fermented and dried under better conditions. In addition, as shown in FIG. 7, it is good to cover the top with a simple roof 60 that prevents rain, for outdoor drying. Thus, a fermented organic dried product can be produced without alteration even outdoors.

Since the temperature drops in winter, when the front plate 12, the back plate 13 and the

side plates

14 and 14 of the outer frame body 11 forming the fermenter are made of iron plates, it is advisable to stretch a wood plate with a carbonized inner surface. According to this, heat retention can be improved and fermentation can be accelerated | stimulated. Moreover, according to carbonization of the wooden board surface, there exists an effect which suppresses propagation of miscellaneous bacteria.

Moreover, drying of a water-containing organic raw material can be accelerated | stimulated by using the hollow 25 of the partition wall 20, forcibly ventilating with a ventilation fan, or sending warm air and forcibly heating. At this time, the air may be blown through the hollow 25 from below to above.
And according to the container apparatus 10 for fermentation drying concerning this invention, when it piles up in multiple stages, it becomes the structure where the hollow 25 became the arrangement | sequence continuously up and down in multiple stages, and the air escapes through the some hollow 25 It can promote drying.

Below, the other Example of a fermenter is described based on FIG.13 and FIG.14. This fermenter is a drying box 100 whose upper side is open.
The drying box 100 is made of a highly breathable material such as a mesh or lattice, and can further reduce the drying time. This is because air permeability is good and the portion in contact with the material (hydrous organic matter) can be made as small as possible, so that fermentation can be promoted and natural drying by air flow can be promoted.
Examples of the air-permeable material such as a mesh or a lattice that form each component surface of the drying box 100 include a lath net, a wire net, a perforated plate, a plastic net (including those formed in a grid) or a string. A mesh material in a knitted state can be used.

Further, the drying box 100 is provided with a partition wall 120 that is formed into a hollow wall shape and is ventilated by a material having high air permeability as described above, so that the drying speed can be further increased. it can. The drying box 100 in FIG. 13 has a plurality of partition walls 120 fixed in parallel in the left-right direction, and the drying box 100 in FIG. It is fixed in parallel with an interval in the direction. In addition, the frame of the drying box is formed of a rod (metal bar), and has a structure in which a net is stretched on the frame, so that weight reduction is achieved.
The inside of the hollow of the partition wall 120 is a space in which water-containing organic matter is prevented from entering and air can circulate. Therefore, the upper surface portion of the partition wall 120 may be covered with the above-described material having high air permeability so that the air permeability is sufficient and water-containing organic matter does not enter the inside.

Further, in the drying box 100 of the present embodiment, a rectangular tube 150 into which a forklift claw enters is fixed to the bottom so that the forklift can be reversed by a forklift having a claw that can be reversed about a horizontal axis. And as for the cross-sectional shape of the partition wall 120 of the drying box, the upper side is a tapered shape (see FIG. 13 or FIG. 14).
According to this, when storing a water-containing organic substance, a frontage is wide and it is easy to put in. When the drying box is inverted, the water-containing organic matter can be dropped and easily discharged. Therefore, workability can be improved and production efficiency can be improved.

Moreover, according to this drying box 100, it is possible to accumulate and store, fermentation drying can be performed effectively using a height space even in a small area, and productivity can be improved.
By the way, this drying box is a net cage with a rational form of netting, and is used as a fermentation drying tank in the present invention, but it may be used as another drying tank that does not utilize the fermentation action. For example, it can be used for drying other water-containing organic substances such as wood chips.

Next, the manufacturing method of the dry organic material which has a shaping | molding process which shape | molds the said water-containing organic substance by which the water | moisture content adjustment was made by the drying process demonstrated above in the solid form with the shaping | molding machine 70 (refer FIG. 10) by pressurization is demonstrated.
In the drying step, the water-containing organic matter is dried to a moisture content at which the growth of the aerobic bacteria is slowed by the drying action caused by the propagation of the aerobic bacteria. The drying of the water-containing organic matter can be favorably promoted by the heat of fermentation of the aerobic bacteria and the consumption of moisture by the growth of the bacteria themselves.
The degree of drying is preferably within a range that can be suitably solidified in the next molding step, and to an appropriate moisture content such that, for example, the friction resistance of an extrusion molding machine as described later does not become excessive. This degree of drying is almost equal to the water content at which the growth of aerobic bacteria slows down. For this reason, after drying by propagation of aerobic bacteria, it is possible to proceed to the next molding step immediately. Therefore, an efficient production system can be constructed.

In practice, the water content of the water-containing organic material should be adjusted to 25 to 45% by this drying step. For example, the water content immediately after use of the mushroom waste fungus bed is around 60%, and it may be dried using fermentation so that the water content decreases to 25-45%. Thereby, sufficient adhesive force is produced in the water-containing organic substance, and it can be solidified into a required form in the next molding step. The water content of the water-containing organic material is preferably 30 to 40%. Thereby, the strongest adhesive force can be produced and better molding becomes possible.

Next, in the molding step, the water-containing organic substance whose moisture has been adjusted by the drying step is molded into a solid form by a molding machine using pressure. According to this, the water-containing organic substance dried to a required water content can be solidified by the pressurizing effect without adding an adhesive additive. The adhesive additive is not required because the carbohydrates and other nutrients contained in the raw material, and chitosan present in the mycelia (cell walls) of cocoons and fungi exert the effect as an adhesive material. Conceivable.

And when making into a pellet form as a form of shaping | molding, as the molding machine, the extrusion molding machine pressurized with a screw can be used, for example. According to such an extrusion molding machine, the water-containing organic substance can be made to exhibit adhesiveness by kneading in a pressurized state. This is because kneading the water-containing organic material can destroy the cells that make up the water-containing organic material and draw out the adhesive components, and these adhesive components are mixed well with moisture, resulting in strong adhesiveness. It is done.

Moreover, as an extrusion molding machine, what has a structure which extrudes a columnar molded object from an extrusion port, compressing with a uniaxial cantilever-type screw can be used. As the extrusion port of this extrusion molding machine, for example, one having a shape in which a large number of holes are opened in the standing face plate can be used. According to this, it is possible to extrude, for example, fine columnar dry solids having a diameter of about 5 to 15 mm into a large number of streaks from a large number of holes. The extruded dry solid matter is cut into pellets by its own weight so as to be naturally cracked within a predetermined length range. According to this, pelletized dry solids can be efficiently produced in large quantities with a simple apparatus configuration.
It should be noted that the form of the dry solid made of the water-containing organic material is not limited to this, and it is a matter of course that dry solids having various shapes and sizes can be formed.

Moreover, according to the shaping | molding process concerning this invention, it will press and solidify the water-containing organic substance which the aerobic microbe (useful microbe) propagated, and a useful microbe will be activated very much by the external force. For this reason, in the solid material in which the fermented mushroom waste fungus bed was formed into a pellet, useful bacteria proliferated explosively, and the mycelium grew until the entire surface of the solid material was completely covered with white.
According to this, the pellet-like solid substance can be utilized as an excellent inoculum of useful bacteria.

Moreover, it is good to stir and loosen the water-containing organic substance in which the aerobic bacteria propagated using a ribbon mixer etc. before a shaping | molding process. When aerobic bacteria propagate, water-containing organic matter tends to clump due to its nature. For this reason, by homogenizing the lump and making it into a granular form, it is possible to make the moisture uniform in the material made of the water-containing organic matter. Thereby, a more homogenized dry solid can be obtained.
In addition, although a granular fragment is produced at the time of shaping | molding of a water-containing organic substance, this should be isolate | separated by sifting etc., and what is necessary is just to mix with a water-containing organic substance again as a raw material of moisture adjustment.

Furthermore, after the molding step described above, if the bag is packed in air-permeable bag and allowed to dry naturally, the drying can proceed efficiently. As the bag having high air permeability, a bag made of a woven fabric can be used.
In addition, when dryness becomes high by further drying as mentioned above, a dry solid will become firm and will become hard and shape retention property will improve.

The solid material thus produced can be suitably used as a soil activation material or a solid fuel. In addition, when using as a solid fuel, since a material is decomposed | disassembled by propagation of an aerobic microbe, the combustibility improves.
Further, the product produced by the method for drying and solidifying a water-containing organic material according to the present invention can be effectively used as another dry organic material, or as a fermentation base material or a seed for effective bacteria. In particular, as a fermentation base or an inoculum of effective bacteria, it can be suitably used as a blur for treating composting garbage.

As described above, the present invention has been variously described with reference to preferred embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and it is needless to say that many modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. That is.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Plastic house 2 Floor board part 3 Rotary type stirring apparatus 4 Hollow 5 Raw material 10 Fermentation drying container apparatus 11 Outer frame body 12 Front board 13 Back board 14 Side board 15 Skirt part 15a Ventilation part 20 Partition wall 21 Partition surface material 21a line Shaped portion 25 Hollow 30 Opening / closing door 31 Swing stopper 33 Communication hole 51 Scraping device 52 Conveyor 53 Storage location 55 Bacterial charging device 56 Heating device 70 Molding machine

Claims

In a method for producing a dry organic material that is rapidly dried into a powder by fermenting organic material containing water such as organic waste with fungi, the organic material includes yeast, koji mold, natto, etc. A method for producing a dried organic material, characterized by artificially adding an edible fungus and fermenting and drying it into a granular form.
The total moisture is adjusted to 45 to 70% and the specific gravity is adjusted to 0.3 to 0.7 so that the organic raw material is fermented and dried into a granular material having a moisture content of 38% or less within 20 days. 2. The method for producing a dry organic material according to claim 1, wherein:
A fermenter is used so that the organic material is continuously dried. In the flat type fermenter, the floor part is used. In the scoop type fermenter having a square cross section with an open top, the floor part and the side wall part are made of wood, stainless steel. Such as wire mesh, carbide, ceramic or plastic, or a combination of them, and the air passage is created without filling the gap between the structure and the structure with an adhesive, etc., rotary rotary blade or scoop type The drying according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the organic raw material on the floor portion is simultaneously turned over and moved by a stirrer equipped with a raised blade or the like, and the organic raw material is sequentially supplied and moved to be dried. Manufacturing method of organic materials.
In a method for producing a dry organic material, in which organic raw materials containing water such as organic waste are rapidly dried into a powder by fermenting with fungi,
The outer shape is constituted by a rectangular outer frame body opened up and down or upward, and is arranged upright and arranged in parallel so as to divide the space into which the organic raw material is charged in the outer frame body. A plurality of partition walls, the partition walls having a partition surface material on both sides and provided hollow so that the inside can be vertically ventilated, and the partition surface material intersects the linear portion; A method for producing a dried organic material characterized by using a container apparatus for fermentation and drying provided in a lattice shape or a mesh shape with good air permeability formed by the above method.
5. The dry organic material manufacturing method according to claim 4, wherein at least a part of each wall surface of the outer frame body is provided in a lattice shape or a mesh shape excellent in air permeability equivalent to the partition surface material. Method.
6. The dry organic matter according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein in the organic raw material in which germs such as garbage are propagated, an inoculum for fermenting the organic raw material is introduced after heat sterilization. Material manufacturing method.
After harvesting the fungus bed cultivation mushrooms, the mushroom waste is removed from the mushroom waste bed at a stage where there is little invasion of germs immediately after the mycelium is cut and lost its vigor by being scraped from the mushroom cultivation container. The method for producing a dry organic material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a step of introducing and mixing inoculum for fermenting the fungus bed.
A drying process characterized by having a molding step of molding the water-containing organic substance whose water content has been adjusted by the method for producing a dry organic substance according to any one of claims 1 to 7 into a solid form by a molding machine using pressure. Manufacturing method of organic materials.