WO2010101255A1 - クローン病診断試薬 - Google Patents
クローン病診断試薬 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010101255A1 WO2010101255A1 PCT/JP2010/053682 JP2010053682W WO2010101255A1 WO 2010101255 A1 WO2010101255 A1 WO 2010101255A1 JP 2010053682 W JP2010053682 W JP 2010053682W WO 2010101255 A1 WO2010101255 A1 WO 2010101255A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/68—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving proteins, peptides or amino acids
- G01N33/6893—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving proteins, peptides or amino acids related to diseases not provided for elsewhere
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- C07K14/415—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from plants
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2800/00—Detection or diagnosis of diseases
- G01N2800/06—Gastro-intestinal diseases
- G01N2800/065—Bowel diseases, e.g. Crohn, ulcerative colitis, IBS
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for specifically diagnosing Crohn's disease safely and with high sensitivity, a diagnostic reagent for Crohn's disease, and a diagnostic kit containing the reagent.
- Crohn's disease is a disease classified into ulcerative colitis (UC) and local inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) based on abnormal immunological responses. Unlike UC, where inflammation is confined to the large intestine, Crohn's disease is a disease that can cause ulcers in all parts of the digestive tract from the oral cavity to the anus. Clinical symptoms are mainly abdominal pain and diarrhea, and symptoms such as fever, melena, weight loss due to absorption disorder, general malaise, and anemia often appear. In addition, skin symptoms such as pyoderma gangrenosum and erythema nodosum, joint lesions, and extraintestinal complications such as stomatitis may occur. However, the etiology of Crohn's disease has not been fully elucidated, and its diagnosis and treatment are limited.
- the diagnosis of Crohn's disease has been made by comprehensively judging clinical findings, X-ray contrast examination, endoscopy, histological examination of biopsy specimens collected under the endoscope, These examinations take time to clean the inside of the intestine before the examination, and give a great physical and mental burden to the patient, such as administration of a contrast medium and insertion of an endoscope into the intestinal tract.
- Experience and skill are required for procedures and discrimination.
- Endoscopic inspection requires more advanced techniques.
- it is difficult to differentiate from other inflammatory bowel diseases such as UC showing similar pathological findings, and a safe and simple diagnostic method specific to Crohn's disease is required.
- Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2 Non-Patent Documents 1 to 3
- the sensitivity prevalence of prevalence of disease
- the sensitivity is only about 40%.
- sensitivity can be improved by combining a plurality of antibodies (Patent Document 3)
- problems such as difficulty in obtaining I2 antigen, OmpC antigen, flagellin antigen, and CRP antigen.
- Diet like intestinal bacteria, can affect intestinal immunity as a foreign substance that passes through the intestinal tract.
- component nutrition therapy is effective in the treatment of Crohn's disease, the presence of some dietary antigen as an etiology or exacerbation factor is suggested, but the involvement of a specific dietary antigen in Crohn's disease has not yet been clarified.
- the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a novel method for diagnosing Crohn's disease in a safe, simple and specific manner, a reagent therefor and a diagnostic kit comprising the same.
- the present inventors have confirmed that the sensitivity and specificity of Crohn's disease diagnosis (no disease correct diagnosis rate) can be further improved by using a combination of two or more of these 19 items.
- the present invention has been completed. That is, the present invention is as follows:
- the diagnostic method of the present invention significantly improves the sensitivity and specificity of the diagnosis of Crohn's disease by combining the antibody titer measurement of anti-dietary component antibody specific for Crohn's disease, and requires a high level of technology and burdens the patient.
- a diet component since a diet component is used, it has the further advantage that the acquisition of a reagent is easy.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the results of CBB staining of rice protein.
- Lane M shows the protein molecular weight marker
- Lane a shows the rice protein
- the leftmost numerical value shows the molecular weight (kDa) of the protein.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the results of Western blotting of rice proteins.
- Lane C shows the results of using serum from Crohn's disease patient (CD)
- Lane H shows the results of using healthy human (HC) serum as an antibody
- the leftmost numerical value shows the molecular weight (kDa) of the protein.
- “A” indicates a band in which a specific reaction with an antibody in CD serum was observed.
- the present invention provides a method for diagnosing Crohn's disease, which comprises measuring one or more Crohn's disease-specific anti-food component antibodies in a specimen collected from a diagnosis target.
- Crohn's disease-specific anti-food component antibody refers to an antibody against a diet component that specifically increases the antibody titer in an animal suffering from Crohn's disease. Specifically, grapefruit, alfalfa, avocado , Cabbage, sushi, lettuce, onion, potato, spinach, tomato, oats, pecan nuts, yeast, sugarcane, celery, buckwheat, corn, rice and soy. , Also referred to as “anti-food ingredient antibody of the present invention”).
- “Crohn's disease-specific” means that the frequency (positive rate; prevalence of diagnosis) of the antibody titer in animals affected with Crohn's disease is at least UC-affected animals and health It is significantly higher than the frequency in animals.
- the anti-food component antibody of the present invention may be each antibody against polypeptide antigens (antigens of various diet components) contained in various diet components.
- Polypeptide antigens of dietary ingredients are specifically grapefruit, alfalfa, avocado, cabbage, chopped tang, lettuce, onion, potato, spinach, tomato, oats, pecan nuts, yeast, sugar cane, celery, buckwheat, corn Any polypeptide antigen contained in the dietary components of rice and soybeans may be used as long as it is a polypeptide antigen specific to Crohn's disease.
- rice, buckwheat, corn and sugarcane are preferable.
- Polypeptide antigens contained in these are glutelin, glyoxylase 1, enolase, UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase, asparatic in the case of rice. Protein, prolamin, oleosin etc., clathrin etc. if soba, 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate-independent phosphoglyceratemutase, protein disulfide isomerase, ketol-acid reductoisomerase, elongation factor 1 alpha, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase etc.
- sugarcane include triphosphate isomerase 1, NBS-LRR type RGA, and the like.
- the diagnostic object may be any animal that can suffer from Crohn's disease (including non-human inflammatory bowel disease corresponding to human Crohn's disease). Specific examples include humans, non-human primates, dogs, cats, rabbits, rats, and mice.
- the specimen for diagnosis is not particularly limited as long as it is a component or tissue derived from a subject that can be isolated from the subject to be diagnosed and may have Crohn's disease-specific anti-food component antibody.
- blood Whole blood, serum, plasma), saliva, other body fluids, various tissues, etc. are mentioned, and serum or plasma is particularly preferable.
- serum or plasma is particularly preferable. The same applies to samples of ulcerative colitis patients for reference and / or healthy subjects as controls.
- the method for measuring each antibody in a sample may be any immunological measurement method that is used for detecting and measuring antibodies, such as enzymes, fluorescent materials, luminescent materials, radioactive materials, and colored materials. Any of the conventional measurement methods can be used, but the enzyme immunoassay method, immunochromatography method, etc. are preferred, and the amount of antibody in the sample can be easily quantified by the amount of coloration or absorbance. Enzyme immunoassays, such as ELISA, are particularly preferred.
- a commercially available ELISA kit (93 Food IgGScreen / GENESIS Diagnostics, etc.) that can measure 93 items of food IgG can be used, or a private laboratory is requested to measure (Such as IgG Food Antibody Assessment / Genova Diagnostics). Any of various instruments, materials, reagents, labeling methods, and measurement conditions necessary for measurement can be used.
- a conventional method is selected according to the type of the labeling substance.
- the decomposition of the chromogenic substrate is measured as the absorbance with a spectrophotometer. It is advantageous.
- the measurement of the anti-food component antibody of the present invention by the ELISA method is performed by first reacting a specimen with a preparation of the diet component to form an antigen-antibody complex, and then reacting with the enzyme-labeled anti-food component antibody. This is performed by adding a substance to be reacted, further adding an enzyme substrate to cause reaction, and measuring the labeling amount of the reaction product by enzyme activity.
- a preparation of dietary ingredients can be prepared by treating the dietary ingredients by conventional methods.
- the food component used as a raw material is preferably a commercially available fresh / frozen / freeze-dried product, or a powdered material thereof (Allergon, etc.), and a method for treating the diet component, preferably extraction. Extraction can be performed, for example, by treating the raw material physically (ultrasonic wave, French press, mortar, homogenizer, glass beads, freeze-thaw, etc.) or with a surfactant in water, an organic solvent, a buffer solution, or glycerol. . Extraction efficiency can be increased by adding salt or heating.
- the dietary component preparation includes commercially available protein extracts (BioChain, Antigen Laboratories, etc.) and / or allergen extracts for diagnosis (Torii Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Antigen Laboratories) Etc.) can be used.
- the preparation of the diet component may be an isolated or purified product of the polypeptide antigen contained in the diet component.
- the isolated or purified polypeptide antigen is prepared, for example, by (a) a known method of synthesizing a dietary component tissue or cell using a known method or a method equivalent thereto, and (b) a known peptide synthesis method using a peptide synthesizer or the like. Chemical synthesis, (c) culturing a transformant containing DNA encoding a polypeptide antigen, or (d) biochemical using a cell-free transcription / translation system using a nucleic acid encoding a polypeptide antigen as a template It is manufactured by synthesizing.
- the crude fraction eg, membrane fraction, soluble fraction
- the extract is purified by a combination of chromatography such as salting out, dialysis, gel filtration, reverse phase chromatography, ion exchange chromatography, affinity chromatography, and the like. It can also be separated.
- the obtained protein can be used as a polypeptide antigen as it is, or a partial peptide can be prepared by limited degradation using a peptidase or the like and used as a polypeptide antigen.
- the synthetic peptide includes, for example, a peptide having the same structure as a protein purified from a natural material using the method (a) described above, specifically, In the amino acid sequence of the protein, a peptide containing one or more amino acid sequences identical to the amino acid sequence at any position consisting of at least 3 amino acids, preferably 6 amino acids or more is used.
- the cloning method is: (1) using a DNA probe designed on the basis of a gene sequence encoding a polypeptide antigen and isolating the DNA encoding the polypeptide antigen from a cDNA library of dietary components by a hybridization method; (2) Using a DNA primer designed based on a gene sequence encoding a polypeptide antigen, preparing a DNA encoding the antigen by PCR using a cDNA derived from a dietary component as a template, and expressing the DNA in accordance with the host The method of inserting in a vector etc. is mentioned.
- a desired polypeptide antigen can be obtained by culturing a transformant obtained by transforming a host with the expression vector in an appropriate medium.
- an expression vector into which a DNA encoding a polypeptide antigen prepared by the same method as in (c) above is inserted for example, the DNA controls T7, SP6 promoter, etc.
- MRNA is synthesized using a transcription reaction solution containing RNA polymerase and substrate (NTPs) compatible with the promoter using the expression vector placed below as a template, and then a known cell-free translation system using the mRNA as a template.
- NTPs RNA polymerase and substrate
- Examples thereof include a method of carrying out a translation reaction using an extract (eg, an extract of Escherichia coli, rabbit reticulocyte, wheat germ, etc.). By appropriately adjusting the salt concentration and the like, the transcription reaction and the translation reaction can also be carried out collectively in the same reaction solution.
- isolation or purification means that an operation for removing components other than the target component has been performed.
- the content of the target polypeptide contained in the “isolated or purified polypeptide antigen” is usually 60% by weight or more, preferably 80% by weight or more, more preferably 90% by weight of the polypeptide in the sample. Above, most preferably 95% by weight or more.
- polypeptide antigen a complete protein molecule or a peptide having antigenicity including a partial amino acid sequence thereof (partial peptide having antigenicity) can be used.
- partial amino acid sequence include those consisting of 3 or more consecutive amino acid residues, preferably 4 or more, more preferably 5 or more, and even more preferably 6 or more consecutive amino acid residues. It is done. Some of these amino acid residues (eg, 1 to several) may be substituted with a substitutable group (eg, Cys, hydroxyl group, etc.).
- Peptides used as polypeptide antigens have an amino acid sequence containing 1 to several such partial amino acid sequences.
- the preparation of dietary components is immobilized on a suitable solid phase (eg, a multiwell plate for immunoassay, etc.). Immobilization can be performed by adding the preparation diluted with a general coating buffer as necessary to the solid phase and incubating for a certain period of time. After removing the liquid from the solid phase, an analyte is added to the solid phase to form an antigen-antibody complex, and the target antibody is captured on the solid phase.
- a suitable solid phase eg, a multiwell plate for immunoassay, etc.
- Examples of the substance that reacts with the anti-food component antibody include anti-immunoglobulin antibodies, protein A, protein G, and jacalin, and anti-immunoglobulin antibodies, particularly anti-IgG antibodies or anti-IgA antibodies are preferred.
- Examples of the labeling enzyme include peroxidase, ⁇ -galactosidase, alkaline phosphatase, microperoxidase, carboxypeptidase, and phosphorylase, but are not particularly limited.
- the enzyme substrate is appropriately selected according to the type of the labeling enzyme.
- peroxidase for example, 3,3 ′, 5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB; Vector Laboratories Inc., # SK-4400) can be used.
- TMB 3,3 ′, 5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine
- the amount of label bound to the solid phase that is, the amount of antibody can be measured.
- Whether the anti-dietary component antibody examined in the diagnosis target is elevated can be determined by, for example, whether it is statistically significant in comparison with the antibody titer in healthy animals. For example, the average of measured values in healthy animals + SD (standard deviation), average + 2SD, average + 3SD, and the like can be used as a positive reference, but is not limited thereto.
- two or more of the 19 types of anti-food component antibodies specific to Crohn's disease are the measurement target.
- Antibody is the measurement target.
- the diagnostic sensitivity and / or diagnostic specificity of Crohn's disease can be further improved.
- it preferably contains an antibody against at least one dietary ingredient selected from grapefruit, cabbage, lettuce, oats, pecan nuts, yeast, sugarcane, celery, buckwheat and corn, More preferably, each antibody to corn is included.
- the diagnostic method of the present invention uses three or four or more antibodies in combination.
- each antibody against yeast, corn, and buckwheat or celery is more preferable to include at least each antibody against yeast, corn, and buckwheat or celery.
- Specific examples of combinations include combinations of antibodies to the following dietary components. (Example of combination of two dietary ingredients) ⁇ Corn, cabbage corn, lettuce corn, buckwheat east, grapefruit east, cabbage yeast, celery yeast, lettuce east, buckwheat east, corn east, oats east, pecan nut sugar cane, cabbage -Sugar cane, corn sugar cane, yeast (examples of combinations of three dietary ingredients) -Yeast, corn, buckwheat-Yeast, corn, celery (examples of combinations of four dietary ingredients) ⁇ Yeast, corn, buckwheat, grapefruit, yeast, corn, buckwheat, cabbage, yeast, corn, buckwheat, Shishikang, yeast, corn, buckwheat, tomato, yeast, corn, buckwheat, soybean,
- a diagnosis is performed by combining two or more anti-food component antibodies, a result is obtained in which only some antibodies are positive and other antibodies are negative. In this case, preferably, any one antibody is positive. If there is, it is determined that the diagnosis subject is affected by Crohn's disease or is likely to be affected. By doing so, diagnostic sensitivity can be remarkably improved while maintaining a certain diagnostic specificity.
- the present invention also provides a diagnostic reagent for Crohn's disease comprising one or more dietary component preparations that react with the anti-food component antibody of the present invention.
- dietary ingredient preparations include grapefruit, alfalfa, avocado, cabbage, chopped tang, lettuce, onion, potato, spinach, tomato, oats, pecan nuts, yeast, sugar cane, celery, buckwheat, corn, rice And a dietary ingredient selected from 19 kinds of soybeans.
- the preparation method of the preparation is as described in the method of the present invention.
- the obtained dietary ingredient preparation is provided in a state of being dissolved in water, a buffer solution, glycerol or the like in a container such as a plastic tube, and can be refrigerated or stored frozen until just before use.
- the reagent for diagnosing Crohn's disease of the present invention comprises two or more (eg, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10 or 15) dietary component preparations as a constituent. Good. Preferred combinations of two or more dietary ingredients are as described above.
- a plurality of food component preparations may be mixed into one reagent or prepared as separate reagents, but substances that react specifically with each anti-food component antibody Is usually not convenient, and it is usually more convenient to prepare it as a separate reagent.
- the present invention also provides a diagnostic kit for Crohn's disease comprising the reagent of the present invention.
- the kit of the present invention contains a preparation of dietary components alone or in combination of two or more, and as other components, necessary reagents depending on the type of immunological measurement method and the detection means employed. Can optionally be included.
- a substance that reacts with an anti-food component antibody for example, a secondary antibody such as an anti-IgG antibody or an anti-IgA antibody
- the substance may be labeled in advance with a labeling substance such as an enzyme, a fluorescent substance, a luminescent substance, a radioisotope, or a colored substance, or a labeling substance can be separately included in the configuration of the kit.
- the diet component preparation may be immobilized in advance on the solid phase, or the solid phase can be separately included in the configuration of the kit.
- the kit of the present invention may contain a substrate corresponding to the labeling substance, or a detection reagent for detecting the reaction between the labeling substance and the substrate, and is suitable for the convenience of the measurement.
- a specimen diluent, a secondary antibody diluent, a standard antibody, a buffer solution, a washing solution, an enzyme substrate solution, a reaction stop solution, and the like may be contained.
- a standard serum derived from a healthy person used as a control may be included. Examples The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
- Reference Example 1 Acquisition of human serum or plasma The blood of 80 patients with Crohn's disease, 44 patients with ulcerative colitis, and 52 healthy persons is subject to written consent at Social Insurance Central General Hospital or Ajinomoto Co., Inc. Collected to obtain serum or plasma. The specimens were displayed with numbers and anonymized.
- Example 1 Diet 88 items Measurement of antibody titer (IgG) After blood collection, the obtained serum was frozen and stored frozen and sent to Genova Diagnostics (IL, USA) via Detox Co., Ltd. We requested measurement of Antibody Assessment (88 items of food).
- IgG antibody titer
- the breakdown of 88 food items is 7 dairy products (casein, cheddar cheese, cottage cheese, milk, goat milk, lactalbumin, yogurt), 22 vegetables (alfalfa, asparagus, avocado, radish, broccoli, cabbage, carrot , Celery, Cucumber, Garlic, Sushi Tang, Lettuce, Mushroom, Olive, Onion, Beans, Sweet Potato, Potato, Spinach, Green Bean, Tomato, Zucchini), 16 Fruits (Apple, Apricot, Banana, Blueberry, Cranberry, Grape, Grapefruit, lemon, orange, papaya, peach, pear, pineapple, plum, wooden crab, salmon), seafood and meat 19 items (spinning fish, crab, crab, lobster, oyster, salmon, salmon, shrimp, flounder, salmon, tuna , Beef, chicken, egg white, egg yolk, lamb, pork, ta Key), 19 cereals and nuts (almond, buckwheat, corn, corn gluten, gluten, beans, lentils, rye beans, oats, peanuts, perip
- IgG was measured by ELISA, and the positive value was determined based on “average value + 2SD” in healthy persons of each dietary item.
- the average number of serum antibody titer positive items in 88 diets was 11 in Crohn's disease patients, 2 in ulcerative colitis patients, and 1 in healthy people.
- the antibody positive rate (number of positive samples / total number of samples ⁇ 100) in each item was calculated for Crohn's disease patients, ulcerative colitis patients, and healthy persons, respectively.
- the positive rate and specificity number of negative samples / total number of samples ⁇ 100
- diagnostic efficiency positive rate ⁇ specificity / 100
- Results 19 food items that had a significantly higher positive rate in Crohn's disease patients than healthy people and ulcerative colitis patients (grapefruit, alfalfa, avocado, cabbage, celery, chopped tang, lettuce, onion, potato, spinach, tomato , Buckwheat, corn, oats, pecan nuts, rice, soybeans, yeast, sugar cane).
- Table 1 shows the positive rates in 19 patients with Crohn's disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC), and healthy persons (HC).
- an invasive method that enables specific and efficient diagnosis of Crohn's disease, requires advanced experience and techniques such as endoscopy, and gives physical and mental pain to patients. Even without passing, diagnosis of Crohn's disease can be performed safely and with high sensitivity.
- Example 2 Measurement of Serum Antibody Titer for Preparation of Dietary Ingredients
- corn, yeast, buckwheat, celery were selected, 98 CDs, 50 UCs, 52 Serum antibody titers for various dietary component preparations were measured for the HC serum of the examples.
- a powder material was used as a preparation of dietary ingredients. It was obtained by suspending various powders of corn, yeast, buckwheat and celery (all manufactured by Allergon) in PBS (-) and centrifuging (5000 rpm, 5 minutes) as antigen solutions for measuring serum antibody titers. The supernatant was used.
- the antigen solution was prepared with a coating buffer (SIGMA, cat.
- a well prepared by adding 50 ⁇ l / well of an anti-human IgG antibody (EXBIO, cat. No.11-31-9-C100) diluted 1000 times with a coating buffer was prepared, and reference serum (BETHYL, cat. No. RS10-101) was reacted at 0.01 to 10 ⁇ g / ml, the absorbance at a wavelength of 450 nm was measured at each concentration, a calibration curve was prepared, and the IgG titer of the serum sample was calculated.
- the “average value + 2SD” of IgG titers of healthy people for various dietary components was calculated, and positive values were evaluated for cases above that.
- the positive rate (number of positive specimens / total number of specimens ⁇ 100) in various dietary components was calculated for each CD, UC, and HC.
- Results Table 4 shows the positive rates for various dietary components.
- the antibody positive rate measured using a preparation of dietary components is almost the same as the positive rate measured by Genova Diagnostics (Table 1) for all CD, UC, and HC, regardless of the dietary material used. It was equivalent.
- Tables 5-1 to 5-3 show the CD positive rate, the specificity of UC and HC, and the diagnostic efficiency of CD against UC when 2 to 4 items of the above four items of dietary ingredients are combined.
- the combined positive rate of 2 to 4 items was about 70%, the specificity was 90% or more, and a diagnostic efficiency of about 65 to 74% was obtained.
- the positive rate was slightly lower, but the specificity was about the same or higher.
- Example 3 Identification of Antigen A useful dietary antigen obtained from the results of Example 1 was specifically identified as a protein that can be used as an antigen.
- rice powder manufactured by Allergon
- a suspension of powder equivalent to 125 ⁇ g per lane was subjected to SDS-PAGE. After separating the protein by SDS-PAGE, it was transferred to a PVDF membrane for 60 minutes under the condition of a constant current of 60 mA.
- FIG. 1 shows the results of CBB staining of rice protein
- FIG. 2 shows the results of Western blotting.
- the protein in band A in FIG. 2 reacted specifically with the antibody in CD serum.
- Table 6 shows the results of PMF analysis of the band A protein (about 33 kDa). From the molecular weight pattern of the peptide fragment obtained by PMF analysis, the protein of band A was estimated to be Glutelin (Accession No. ABF96730.1) (Table 7).
- proteins other than Glutelin in rice powder are identified by the same method as described above, and various other rice powders such as buckwheat, corn, and sugarcane (all made by Allergon) are used as the above-mentioned rice powder.
- useful protein antigens contained in various dietary components were identified.
- Example 4 Measurement of serum antibody titer using Glutelin Total RNA was extracted from rice (Hitomebore) with Spectrum (trademark) Plant Total RNA kit (manufactured by SIGMA Aldrich). The full-length Glutelin gene was obtained using the following primers designed from the mRNA sequence (Accession No. NM_001056948) of Glutelin type-A 3 precursor (Accession No. ABF96730.1).
- Anti-Glutelin antibody titers were measured by ELISA for 98 CD and 52 HC sera. Anti-Glutelin antibody titer is calculated by subtracting the value of the response to GST from the value obtained as a response to GST fusion protein (Glutelin-GST) according to the method of Sutton CL et al. (Gastroenterology 119: 23-31, 2000) did.
- Glutelin-GST and GST were prepared in an equimolar number using a coating buffer (SIGMA, cat. No. 076K8206) to 100 ⁇ g / ml and 32 ⁇ g / ml, and ELISA plates (Sumitomo Bakelite) , Cat. No.
- the plate was washed three times with a washing solution, and an HRP-labeled mouse anti-human IgG monoclonal antibody (Invitrogen, cat. No. 05-4220) diluted 500 times with the washing solution was reacted at room temperature for 1 hour. After the reaction, washing with the washing solution is performed 3 times, TMB (BD Biosciences, cat. No. 555214) is reacted, the reaction is stopped with 2N sulfuric acid, and the wavelength is measured using a microplate reader (BIO-RAD Benchmark Plus). Absorbance at 450 nm was measured. Prepare a well containing 50 ⁇ l / well of anti-human IgG antibody (EXBIO, cat.
- Reference serum (BETHYL, cat. No. RS10-101) was reacted at 0.01 to 10 ⁇ g / ml, the absorbance at a wavelength of 450 nm was measured at each concentration, a calibration curve was prepared, and the IgG titer of the serum sample was calculated.
- antigen protein can be supplied uniformly and stably by utilizing recombinant protein production, and if a single antigen protein supplied in this way is used, stable production and reliability of diagnostic kits can be achieved. Improvements can be realized.
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Abstract
Description
しかし、クローン病の病因は未だ十分に解明されておらず、その診断と治療には限界がある。
殊に、小腸型又は小腸優位の小腸大腸型の場合、小腸の構造の複雑さ及び発症部位が内視鏡の挿入部(肛門又は口腔)から遠いことなどの理由で、X線造影検査或いは内視鏡による検査は、一層高度の技術を要する。
また、類似した病理所見を示すUCなどの他の炎症性腸疾患との鑑別が困難なケースも多く、安全で簡便、かつクローン病に特異的な診断方法が求められている。
しかし、単一の抗体をマーカーとして用いたこれらの方法では、いずれも感度(有病正診率)がたかだか40%程度に止まる。複数の抗体を組み合わせることにより感度を向上させることができるが(特許文献3)、I2抗原、OmpC抗原、フラジェリン抗原、CRP抗原は入手が困難であるなどの問題がある。
さらに、本発明者らは、これらの19品目のうちの2種以上を組み合わせて用いることにより、クローン病診断の感度及び特異度(無病正診率)をより向上させることができることを確認して、本発明を完成するに至った。
すなわち、本発明は以下のとおりである:
〔2〕2種以上の食餌成分に対する各抗体を測定することを特徴とする、〔1〕の方法。
〔3〕少なくとも1種の食餌成分がセロリ、そば、コーン、イースト及び大豆以外である、〔2〕の方法。
〔4〕グレープフルーツ、キャベツ、レタス、オーツ麦、ピーカンナッツ、イースト、サトウキビ、セロリ、そば及びコーンからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種の食餌成分に対する抗体を測定することを特徴とする、〔2〕又は〔3〕の方法。
〔5〕少なくともイースト及びコーンに対する各抗体を測定することを特徴とする、〔2〕~〔4〕のいずれかの方法。
〔6〕3種以上の食餌成分に対する各抗体を測定することを特徴とする、〔2〕~〔5〕のいずれかの方法。
〔7〕少なくともイースト、コーン、並びにそば又はセロリに対する各抗体を測定することを特徴とする、〔6〕の方法。
〔8〕食餌成分に含有されるポリペプチド抗原に対する各抗体を測定することを特徴とする、〔1〕~〔7〕のいずれかの方法。
〔9〕前記ポリペプチド抗原がGlutelinである、〔8〕の方法。
〔10〕グレープフルーツ、アルファルファ、アボカド、キャベツ、しし唐、レタス、玉ねぎ、ジャガイモ、ほうれん草、トマト、オーツ麦、ピーカンナッツ、米及びサトウキビからなる群より選択される食餌成分の調製物を含有してなる、クローン病の診断用試薬。
〔11〕前記調製物が、単離又は精製されたポリペプチド抗原である、〔10〕の試薬。
〔12〕前記ポリペプチド抗原が、Glutelin又は抗原性を有するその部分ペプチドである、〔11〕の試薬。
〔13〕グレープフルーツ、アルファルファ、アボカド、キャベツ、しし唐、レタス、玉ねぎ、ジャガイモ、ほうれん草、トマト、オーツ麦、ピーカンナッツ、イースト、サトウキビ、セロリ、そば、コーン、米及び大豆からなる群より選択される2種以上の食餌成分の調製物を含んでなる、クローン病の診断用キット。
〔14〕前記調製物が、単離又は精製されたポリペプチド抗原である、〔13〕のキット。
〔15〕前記ポリペプチド抗原が、Glutelin又は抗原性を有するその部分ペプチドである、〔14〕のキット。
標識酵素としては、ペルオキシダーゼ、β-ガラクトシダーゼ、アルカリホスファターゼ、マイクロペルオキシダーゼ、カルボキシペプチダーゼ、ホスホリラーゼなどが挙げられるが、特に限定されない。
反応液を除去し、マイクロプレートリーダー等を用いて、固相上の測定波長450nmにおける吸光度を測定することによって、固相に結合した標識量すなわち抗体量を測定することができる。
(2種の食餌成分の組合せの例)
・コーン、キャベツ
・コーン、レタス
・コーン、そば
・イースト、グレープフルーツ
・イースト、キャベツ
・イースト、セロリ
・イースト、レタス
・イースト、そば
・イースト、コーン
・イースト、オーツ麦
・イースト、ピーカンナッツ
・サトウキビ、キャベツ
・サトウキビ、コーン
・サトウキビ、イースト
(3種の食餌成分の組合せの例)
・イースト、コーン、そば
・イースト、コーン、セロリ
(4種の食餌成分の組合せの例)
・イースト、コーン、そば、グレープフルーツ
・イースト、コーン、そば、キャベツ
・イースト、コーン、そば、しし唐
・イースト、コーン、そば、トマト
・イースト、コーン、そば、大豆
・イースト、コーン、そば、セロリ
・イースト、コーン、アルファルファ、セロリ
・イースト、コーン、サトウキビ、セロリ
(5種の食餌成分の組合せの例)
・イースト、コーン、そば、グレープフルーツ、アルファルファ
・イースト、コーン、そば、グレープフルーツ、サトウキビ
・イースト、コーン、そば、セロリ、アルファルファ
・イースト、コーン、そば、セロリ、サトウキビ
・イースト、コーン、そば、しし唐、アルファルファ
・イースト、コーン、そば、しし唐、サトウキビ
・イースト、コーン、そば、トマト、アルファルファ
・イースト、コーン、そば、トマト、サトウキビ
・イースト、コーン、そば、大豆、アルファルファ
・イースト、コーン、そば、大豆、サトウキビ
尚、複数の食餌成分調製物が用いられる場合、それらを混合して1つの試薬としてもよく、あるいは別々の試薬として調製してもよいが、それぞれの抗食餌成分抗体に特異的に反応する物質を提供することは容易ではないので、通常別々の試薬として調製する方が好都合である。
以下に、本発明を実施例によってさらに詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらの例によって何ら限定されるものではない。
クローン病患者80例、潰瘍性大腸炎患者44例及び健康人52例の血液は、社会保険中央総合病院或いは味の素(株)にて文書を用いた同意の下採取し、血清或いは血漿を得た。検体は番号等で表示し、匿名化した。
血液採取後、すみやかに遠心分離し取得した血清を冷凍保存し、デトックス(株)を介してGenova Diagnostics(IL, USA)に送付し、IgG Food Antibody Assessment(食餌88品目)測定を依頼した。食餌88品目の内訳は、乳製品7品目(カゼイン、チェダーチーズ、カッテージチーズ、牛乳、ヤギのミルク、ラクトアルブミン、ヨーグルト)、野菜22品目(アルファルファ、アスパラガス、アボカド、大根、ブロッコリー、キャベツ、人参、セロリ、きゅうり、にんにく、しし唐、レタス、マッシュルーム、オリーブ、玉ねぎ、豆、さつまいも、じゃがいも、ほうれん草、サヤインゲン、トマト、ズッキーニ)、果物16品目(りんご、杏、バナナ、ブルーベリー、クランベリー、ぶどう、グレープフルーツ、レモン、オレンジ、パパイヤ、桃、梨、パイナップル、プラム、木苺、苺)、魚介・肉類19品目(はまぐり、鱈、カニ、ロブスター、牡蠣、鯛、鮭、鰯、海老、カレイ、鱒、ツナ、牛肉、鶏肉、卵白、卵黄、ラム、豚肉、ターキー)、穀類・ナッツ類19品目(アーモンド、そば、コーン、コーングルテン、グルテン、いんげん豆、レンズ豆、ライ豆、オーツ麦、ピーナッツ、ピーカンナッツ、うずら豆、米、ライ麦、胡麻、大豆、ひまわりの種、くるみ、小麦)、その他5品目(イースト、サトウキビ、チョコレート、コーヒー、はちみつ)であった。IgGはELISAにより測定され、それぞれの食餌品目の健康人における「平均値+2SD」を基準として、それ以上のものを陽性とした。食餌88品目における血清抗体価陽性品目数の平均はクローン病患者で11品目、潰瘍性大腸炎患者で2品目、健康人では1品目であった。
各品目における抗体の陽性率(陽性検体数/全検体数×100)をそれぞれクローン病患者、潰瘍性大腸炎患者、健康人について算出した。
次に、2~5品目を組合せた時の陽性率及び特異度(陰性検体数/全検体数×100)、診断効率(陽性率×特異度/100)を算出した。
クローン病患者において健康人及び潰瘍性大腸炎患者より有意に陽性率が高かった食餌品目は19品目(グレープフルーツ、アルファルファ、アボカド、キャベツ、セロリ、しし唐、レタス、玉ねぎ、じゃがいも、ほうれん草、トマト、そば、コーン、オーツ麦、ピーカンナッツ、米、大豆、イースト、サトウキビ)であった。19品目のクローン病患者(CD)、潰瘍性大腸炎患者(UC)、及び健康人(HC)における陽性率を表1に示す。
上記の結果より得られた有用な食餌成分のうち、コーン、イースト、そば、セロリを選択し、98例のCD、50例のUC、52例のHCの血清について、各種食餌成分の調製物に対する血清抗体価の測定を行った。なお、本実施例では食餌成分の調製物として粉末材料を使用した。
血清抗体価測定用の抗原液として、コーン、イースト、そば、セロリの各種粉末(いずれもAllergon社製)をPBS(-)で懸濁し、遠心分離(5000rpm、5分間)することにより得られた上清を用いた。抗原液は、タンパク質濃度がそれぞれ1μg/mlとなるようcoating buffer(SIGMA社製、cat. No. 076K8206)により調製し、ELISAプレート(住友ベークライト社製、cat. No. MS-8896F)に50μl/wellで添加し、4℃で一晩反応させた。ウェル中の抗原液を除去した後、洗浄液(0.1% Tween20含有PBS(-)で20倍希釈したイムノブロック(DSファーマバイオメディカル社製、cat. No. KN001A))により1回洗浄し、蒸留水で5倍希釈したイムノブロックを室温で1時間反応させた。洗浄液で1回洗浄した後、洗浄液で10000倍希釈した血清を添加し、室温で2時間反応させた。反応後、洗浄液で3回洗浄を行い、洗浄液で500倍希釈したHRP標識マウス抗ヒトIgGモノクローナル抗体(Invitrogen社製、cat. No. 05-4220)を加えて室温で1時間反応させた。その後、洗浄液で洗浄を3回行い、TMB(BD Biosciences社製、cat. No. 555214)を反応させ、2N 硫酸で反応を停止し、マイクロプレートリーダー(BIO-RAD Benchmark Plus)を用いて波長450nmの吸光度を測定した。
同プレートに、coating bufferで1000倍希釈した抗ヒトIgG抗体(EXBIO社製、cat. No.11-31-9-C100)を50μl/well添加したウェルを準備し、reference serum(BETHYL社製、cat. No.RS10-101)を0.01~10μg/mlで反応させ、波長450nmの吸光度を各濃度において測定して検量線を作成し、血清サンプルのIgG Titerを算出した。
各種食餌成分に対する健康人のIgG Titerの「平均値+2SD」を算出し、それ以上の場合を陽性と評価した。各種食餌成分における陽性率(陽性検体数/全検体数×100)を、CD、UC、HCごとに算出した。
各種食餌成分に対する陽性率を表4に示す。食餌成分の調製物を用いて測定した抗体陽性率は、使用した食餌原料が異なるにも関わらず、CD、UC、HCのいずれもGenova Diagnosticsにて測定した陽性率(表1)と比べてほぼ同等であった。
実施例1の結果より得られた有用な食餌の抗原について、具体的に抗原として使用可能なタンパク質の同定を行った。
その中の一つとして、米の粉末(Allergon社製)を2% SDS溶液に懸濁し、1レーン当り125μg相当の粉末の懸濁液をSDS-PAGEに供した。SDS-PAGEでタンパク質を分離した後、60mA定電流の条件で60分間、PVDF膜に転写した。PVDF膜をラピッドステインCBB(ナカライテスク社製)で染色してタンパク質を検出した後、HCの血清及び米に対する抗体価が陽性であったCDの血清をそれぞれ1000倍希釈したものを1次抗体とし、5000倍希釈したHRP標識抗ヒトIgG抗体(GEヘルスケア社製)を2次抗体として、ウェスタンブロッティングを行った。CDの血清により特異的に検出されたバンドについて、プロテイン・リサーチ・ネットワーク(http://protein-research.org/)にてPeptide Mass Finger printing(PMF)解析を行った。
米タンパク質のCBB染色結果を図1に、ウェスタンブロッティングの結果を図2にそれぞれ示す。図2中のバンドAのタンパク質が、CD血清中の抗体と特異的に反応した。バンドAのタンパク質(約33kDa)をPMF解析した結果を表6に示す。PMF解析により得られたペプチドフラグメントの分子量パターンより、バンドAのタンパク質はGlutelin(Accession No. ABF96730.1)と推定された(表7)。
米(ひとめぼれ)よりSpectrum(商標) Plant Total RNA kit(SIGMA Aldrich社製)でtotal RNAを抽出した。Glutelin type-A 3 precursor(Accession No. ABF96730.1)のmRNA配列(Accession No. NM_001056948)より設計した以下のプライマーを用い、全長Glutelin遺伝子を取得した。
Forward primer:GGATCCATGGCAACCATCAAATTCCCTATAG(配列番号:1)
Reverse primer:GCGGCCGCTTAGTGGTGATGATGGTGATGTGCACTC(配列番号:2)
取得したGlultelin遺伝子を発現ベクターpGEX-6P-1(GEヘルスケア社製)に導入し、Hisタグ、GST(Glutathione S-Transferase)融合Glutelin発現ベクター(pGEX-GSTOSG30His)を構築した。pGEX-GSTOSG30Hisを導入した大腸菌BL21-CodonPlus(DE3)-RIPL(Stratagene社製)を用い、GST-Glutelin-Hisタグ融合タンパク質を発現し、菌体よりNi-NTA Agarose(QIAGEN社製)で精製を行い、以下の抗Glutelin抗体価測定に供試した。
抗原液として、Glutelin-GST及びGSTについて等モル数になるようcoating buffer(SIGMA社製、cat. No. 076K8206)を用いて100μg/ml及び32μg/mlに調製し、ELISAプレート(住友ベークライト社製、cat. No. MS-8896F)に50μl/wellで添加し、4℃で一晩反応させた。抗原液を除去した後、洗浄液(0.1% Tween20含有PBS(-)で20倍希釈したイムノブロック(DSファーマバイオメディカル社製、cat. No. KN001A))により1回洗浄し、0.1% Tween20含有PBS(-)で5倍希釈したイムノブロックを室温で1時間反応させた。洗浄液で1回洗浄した後、洗浄液で100倍希釈した血清をウェルに添加し、室温で2時間反応させた。次いで洗浄液で3回洗浄し、洗浄液で500倍希釈したHRP標識マウス抗ヒトIgGモノクローナル抗体(Invitrogen社製、cat. No. 05-4220)を室温で1時間反応させた。反応後、洗浄液による洗浄を3回行い、TMB(BD Biosciences社製、cat. No. 555214)を反応させ、2N 硫酸で反応を停止し、マイクロプレートリーダー(BIO-RAD Benchmark Plus)を用いて波長450nmの吸光度を測定した。
同プレートに、coating bufferで1000倍希釈した抗ヒトIgG抗体(EXBIO社製、cat. No.11-31-9-C100)を50μl/well添加したウェルを準備し、reference serum(BETHYL社製、cat. No.RS10-101)を0.01~10μg/mlで反応させ、波長450nmの吸光度を各濃度において測定して検量線を作成し、血清サンプルのIgG Titerを算出した。
HCにおけるIgG Titerの「平均値+2SD」以上を陽性と評価した。HCのIgGの平均値は0.09であり、2SDの値は0.56であったため、0.64以上を陽性とした。このときのCDにおける陽性検体は、98例中29例であり、陽性率は30%であった。これに対して、健康人における陽性検体は52例中2例であり、陽性率は3.8%であった。
以上の結果は、表1中の米について示されたCDにおける陽性率30%及び健康人における陽性率0%と同等の陽性率であった。
Claims (15)
- 対象から採取した検体中の、グレープフルーツ、アルファルファ、アボカド、キャベツ、しし唐、レタス、玉ねぎ、ジャガイモ、ほうれん草、トマト、オーツ麦、ピーカンナッツ、イースト、サトウキビ、セロリ、そば、コーン、米及び大豆からなる群より選択される1種以上の食餌成分に対する各抗体を測定することを特徴とする、該対象におけるクローン病の診断方法(但し、1種の食餌成分に対する抗体を測定する場合、該食餌成分はセロリ、そば、コーン、イースト及び大豆以外である)。
- 2種以上の食餌成分に対する各抗体を測定することを特徴とする、請求項1記載の方法。
- 少なくとも1種の食餌成分がセロリ、そば、コーン、イースト及び大豆以外である、請求項2記載の方法。
- グレープフルーツ、キャベツ、レタス、オーツ麦、ピーカンナッツ、イースト、サトウキビ、セロリ、そば及びコーンからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種の食餌成分に対する抗体を測定することを特徴とする、請求項2又は3記載の方法。
- 少なくともイースト及びコーンに対する各抗体を測定することを特徴とする、請求項2~4のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 3種以上の食餌成分に対する各抗体を測定することを特徴とする、請求項2~5のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 少なくともイースト、コーン、並びにそば又はセロリに対する各抗体を測定することを特徴とする、請求項6記載の方法。
- 食餌成分に含有されるポリペプチド抗原に対する各抗体を測定することを特徴とする、請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記ポリペプチド抗原がGlutelinである、請求項8に記載の方法。
- グレープフルーツ、アルファルファ、アボカド、キャベツ、しし唐、レタス、玉ねぎ、ジャガイモ、ほうれん草、トマト、オーツ麦、ピーカンナッツ、米及びサトウキビからなる群より選択される食餌成分の調製物を含有してなる、クローン病の診断用試薬。
- 前記調製物が、単離又は精製されたポリペプチド抗原である、請求項10に記載の試薬。
- 前記ポリペプチド抗原が、Glutelin又は抗原性を有するその部分ペプチドである、請求項11に記載の試薬。
- グレープフルーツ、アルファルファ、アボカド、キャベツ、しし唐、レタス、玉ねぎ、ジャガイモ、ほうれん草、トマト、オーツ麦、ピーカンナッツ、イースト、サトウキビ、セロリ、そば、コーン、米及び大豆からなる群より選択される2種以上の食餌成分の調製物を含んでなる、クローン病の診断用キット。
- 前記調製物が、単離又は精製されたポリペプチド抗原である、請求項13に記載のキット。
- 前記ポリペプチド抗原が、Glutelin又は抗原性を有するその部分ペプチドである、請求項14に記載のキット。
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JP2019515274A (ja) * | 2016-04-26 | 2019-06-06 | バイオメリカ・インコーポレイテッドBiomerica, Inc. | クローン病感受性試験の組成物、デバイスおよび方法 |
JP2019515275A (ja) * | 2016-04-26 | 2019-06-06 | バイオメリカ・インコーポレイテッドBiomerica, Inc. | 潰瘍性大腸炎感受性試験の組成物、デバイスおよび方法 |
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CN103364564A (zh) * | 2012-03-30 | 2013-10-23 | W·让·多兹 | 动物中的不耐性测试 |
EP3094973B1 (en) | 2013-11-07 | 2020-07-29 | Diagnodus Limited | Biomarkers |
US10309970B2 (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2019-06-04 | Biomerica, Inc. | Compositions, devices, and methods of IBS sensitivity testing |
AU2016378737B2 (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2023-05-18 | Biomerica, Inc. | Compositions, devices, and methods of psoriasis food sensitivity testing |
CN109154607A (zh) * | 2016-03-09 | 2019-01-04 | 拜尔梅里科有限公司 | 功能性消化不良敏感测试的组合物、设备以及方法 |
CA3085431A1 (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2018-06-21 | Biomerica, Inc. | Compositions, devices, and methods of attention deficit disorder/attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (add/adhd) sensitivity testing |
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JP2019515274A (ja) * | 2016-04-26 | 2019-06-06 | バイオメリカ・インコーポレイテッドBiomerica, Inc. | クローン病感受性試験の組成物、デバイスおよび方法 |
JP2019515275A (ja) * | 2016-04-26 | 2019-06-06 | バイオメリカ・インコーポレイテッドBiomerica, Inc. | 潰瘍性大腸炎感受性試験の組成物、デバイスおよび方法 |
JP2022022427A (ja) * | 2016-04-26 | 2022-02-03 | バイオメリカ・インコーポレイテッド | クローン病感受性試験の組成物、デバイスおよび方法 |
JP2022066524A (ja) * | 2016-04-26 | 2022-04-28 | バイオメリカ・インコーポレイテッド | 潰瘍性大腸炎感受性試験の組成物、デバイスおよび方法 |
JP7519110B2 (ja) | 2016-04-26 | 2024-07-19 | バイオメリカ・インコーポレイテッド | 潰瘍性大腸炎感受性試験の組成物、デバイスおよび方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN102341705A (zh) | 2012-02-01 |
JPWO2010101255A1 (ja) | 2012-09-10 |
KR20110131262A (ko) | 2011-12-06 |
US20120058497A1 (en) | 2012-03-08 |
CN102341705B (zh) | 2015-08-19 |
JP5660027B2 (ja) | 2015-01-28 |
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