WO2010094228A1 - 大便标本自动检测仪 - Google Patents

大便标本自动检测仪 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010094228A1
WO2010094228A1 PCT/CN2010/070581 CN2010070581W WO2010094228A1 WO 2010094228 A1 WO2010094228 A1 WO 2010094228A1 CN 2010070581 W CN2010070581 W CN 2010070581W WO 2010094228 A1 WO2010094228 A1 WO 2010094228A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
specimen
stool
detector according
automatic detector
sample
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2010/070581
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王中
Original Assignee
上海吉鸿生物科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=40890817&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=WO2010094228(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by 上海吉鸿生物科技有限公司 filed Critical 上海吉鸿生物科技有限公司
Priority to EP10743409.4A priority Critical patent/EP2400305B1/en
Priority to JP2011550407A priority patent/JP5384671B2/ja
Priority to US13/202,398 priority patent/US8765057B2/en
Priority to RU2011137987/15A priority patent/RU2526197C2/ru
Publication of WO2010094228A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010094228A1/zh

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Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/38Diluting, dispersing or mixing samples
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N35/00Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
    • G01N2035/00465Separating and mixing arrangements
    • G01N2035/00534Mixing by a special element, e.g. stirrer

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a medical detecting device, and more particularly to an automatic stool detecting instrument.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a detector capable of automatically performing quantitative dilution and detection on stool specimens, which can be automatically cleaned after detection to avoid contamination.
  • a stool specimen automatic detector comprising the following parts: an automatic controller; a dilution device for adding a quantitative diluent to a stool sample; a stirring and mixing device, The diluted stool sample is stirred and mixed; the detecting unit is used for detecting the stool specimen; the aspirating sample and the cleaning device are connected to the detecting unit through a pipeline, and are used for conveying the stool specimen to the detecting unit, and at the end of the detecting After cleaning the detection unit and the connecting pipe.
  • the detecting unit includes a physical detecting unit and a chemical detecting unit.
  • the physical detecting unit comprises a microscope, a microscope camera mounted on the microscope, and a counting cell on the microscope stage, the counting pool being connected to the sampling and cleaning device.
  • the sample suction and cleaning device comprises a sample aspirating needle, a diluent inlet, and a sample aspirating pump connected between the sample aspirating needle and the diluent inlet, the counting pool being connected to the aspirating needle and sucking Like a peristaltic pump.
  • an electromagnetic pinch-off valve is disposed at each end of the counting pool.
  • the loading pin is fixed on the first lifting frame, and the first lifting frame is driven by the first motor.
  • the dilution device includes a sampler connected to the diluent inlet, and the sampler is connected A check valve is connected to the suction needle.
  • the applicator is a syringe applicator.
  • sampler is connected to the second lifting frame, and the second lifting frame is driven by the second motor.
  • the chemical detection unit comprises a chemical detection chamber, and the chemical detection chamber is also connected between the aspiration needle and the aspiration peristaltic pump.
  • the chemical detecting unit comprises a chemical detecting chamber, one end of the chemical detecting chamber is connected with the counting pool, the other end is connected with a waste liquid peristaltic pump, and the waste liquid peristaltic pump is connected with a waste liquid needle.
  • an electromagnetic pinch-off valve is disposed between the chemical detection chamber and the counting pool.
  • a specimen box holder is disposed below the first lifting frame.
  • it further includes a video camera opposite the side of the specimen holder.
  • a video box identification photoelectric switch is disposed above the video camera.
  • the specimen holder is mounted on a linear guide that is driven by a stepper motor.
  • the specimen box further includes a specimen box.
  • the stirring and mixing device comprises a stirring motor and a rotatable sampling spoon, wherein the sampling spoon is located in the specimen box, and when the first lifting frame is lowered, the sampling needle is inserted into the specimen box, And the stirring motor is coaxially connected with the sampling spoon.
  • a display is further connected to the automatic controller.
  • the automatic controller of the invention can control the dilution device to automatically quantitatively dilute the stool sample, control the mixing and mixing device to mix the sample, control the sample and the cleaning device to send the sample to the detection unit through the pipeline for detection, and at the end of the detection. After cleaning the detection unit and the connecting pipe.
  • the whole process is carried out completely in a relatively closed pipeline, which reduces the contact with the outside, reduces the pollution to the environment and the laboratory, and automatically controls the computer, which improves the work efficiency.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the composition of functional modules of an automatic detector for stool specimens of the present invention.
  • FIG 2 is a schematic view of a pipe connection according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG 3 is a schematic view of a pipe connection according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention (forward direction).
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention (left-view direction).
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of a specimen box.
  • the reference numerals are as follows:
  • Electromagnetic pinch-off valve 132 opening
  • the automatic detector of the stool specimen of the invention comprises an automatic controller, a dilution device, a stirring and mixing device, a detecting unit, a sample and a cleaning device, and the like; wherein the dilution device is under the control of an automatic controller.
  • the quantitative dilution solution can be added to the stool sample; the mixing and mixing device can be stirred and mixed under the control of the automatic controller; the detection unit is used for detecting the stool specimen; the sample suction and cleaning device Connected to the detection unit through the pipeline, under the control of the automatic controller, the stool specimen can be transported to the detection unit, and after the detection is completed The detection unit and the connecting pipe are automatically cleaned for the next inspection.
  • the above detecting unit may include a physical detecting unit and a chemical detecting unit.
  • the automatic controller can be a computer.
  • the collected stool specimen is placed in the specimen box 13, the aspiration needle 16 is inserted into the specimen box 13, and the sampler 11 is connected to the diluent inlet 12 through a pipe, at the sampler 11 and the diluent inlet 12 A three-way pipe electromagnetic pinch-off valve 24 and a first pipe tee 21 are provided, and the suction pin 16 is connected to the three-way pipe electromagnetic pinch-off valve 24 through a second pipe tee 22 and a one-way valve 32.
  • the three-way pipe electromagnetic pinch-off valve 24 communicates with the sampler 11 and the diluent inlet 12, the line between the sampler 11 and the sample aspirating needle 16 is also disconnected, and the sampler 11 can be removed from the diluent inlet 12 A certain amount of the diluent is aspirated, and then the three-way pipe electromagnetic pinch-off valve 24 is switched, the line between the sampler 11 and the diluent inlet 12 is disconnected, and the pipette 11 and the sample needle 16 are turned on at the same time.
  • the tubing pushes the sampler 11, and the diluent is injected into the specimen box 13 through the check valve 32 and the aspirating needle 16, and the quantitative dilution of the stool specimen is completed.
  • the diluent inlet 12, the three-way pipe electromagnetic pinch-off valve 24, the sampler 11, the check valve 32 and the suction needle 16 and the connecting pipe thereof constitute a dilution device.
  • One end of the aspirating peristaltic pump 18 is connected to the diluent inlet 12 through the first pipe tee 21, and the other end is connected to the aspirating needle 16 through the pipe and the second pipe tee 22 to constitute a suction sample and a cleaning device.
  • the counting chamber 14 of the physical detecting unit and the chemical detecting chamber 15 of the chemical detecting unit are connected in series between the aspirating needle 16 and the aspirating peristaltic pump 18.
  • An electromagnetic pinch-off valve 33, 34 is disposed at each end of the counting pool 14.
  • the sample liquid in the counting pool can be stabilized as soon as possible, which is convenient for observation and counting under the microscope; and at the same time in the backwash cleaning counting pool
  • the electromagnetic pinch-off valves 33, 34 are repeatedly switched, the pressure inside the pipe can be increased to increase the flushing effect.
  • the aspirating peristaltic pump 18 is reversed, the diluent enters along the pipeline, and the counting tank 14, the chemical detecting chamber 15 and the aspirating needle 16 are cleaned, and the washed waste liquid flows into the specimen box 13 by the aspirating needle 16. Convenient for centralized processing. Due to the action of the check valve 32, waste liquid can be prevented from flowing into the dilution pipe and causing pollution.
  • the chemical detection chamber 15 is not connected in series with the counting cell 14 in the aspirating sample and the cleaning line, and one end of the chemical detecting chamber 15 is electromagnetically pinched off.
  • the valve 35 and the third pipe tee 23 are connected to the counter cell 14, the other end is connected to a waste liquid peristaltic pump 19, the waste liquid peristaltic pump 19 is connected to a waste liquid needle 17, and the waste liquid needle 17 is also inserted into the specimen box. 13 in.
  • the electromagnetic pinch-off valve 35 is closed, the sample liquid only enters the counting cell 14 for physical detection. If chemical detection is required, when the electromagnetic pinch-off valve 33 is closed and the electromagnetic pinch-off valves 34, 35 are opened, the suction is opened.
  • the peristaltic pump 18 and the waste peristaltic pump 19 can re-feed the sample solution into the chemical detection chamber 15 for chemical detection.
  • the chemical detection chamber 15 can be added to the test strip with the template, and the specimen is automatically added to the test strip.
  • the aspirating peristaltic pump 18 and the waste peristaltic pump 19 are continuously turned on, and the dilution tank is used for the counting tank 14 and the chemical detection chamber. 15 is cleaned, the waste liquid enters the sample box 13 from the waste liquid needle 17, and then the electromagnetic pinch-off valve 33 is opened, and the sample suction needle 16 is also cleaned.
  • the forward movement of the aspirating peristaltic pump 18 can complete the function of sucking the specimen into the counting tank 14, which is reversed, and the cleaning of the pipe of the counting tank 14 and the chemical detecting chamber 15 is completed, and the running time and the rotating speed are adjustable.
  • the specimen box 13 may have a lid 131.
  • the lid 131 is provided with an opening 132 for inserting the aspirating needle 16 and the waste needle 17.
  • the lid 131 is further provided with a rotating shaft 133.
  • the rotating shaft 133 can be freely rotated with respect to the cover.
  • the upper end of the rotating shaft 133 can be connected with the motor, and the lower end is connected with a sampling spoon 134.
  • the sampling spoon 134 can be used for collecting the stool sample, and putting it into the specimen box and adding the diluent, the motor When the rotating shaft 133 is rotated, the sampling spoon 134 can also perform the function of stirring and mixing.
  • the specimen box 13 is provided with a filter 135.
  • the filter 135 divides the space inside the box into an upper chamber and a lower chamber, and the lower chamber is a buffer chamber 136.
  • the sample needle 16 can be inserted into the buffer chamber 136 to suck the filtered sample liquid.
  • the present invention further includes a first lifting frame 41.
  • the suction needle 16, the waste liquid needle 17, and a regular rotary joint 44 are all mounted on the first lifting frame 41, and the regular rotary joint 44 is
  • the agitating motor 54 is connected.
  • the first lifting frame 41 is driven by the first motor 51, and functions to drive the regular rotary joint 44, the suction needle 16, and the waste liquid needle 17 to be lifted and lowered.
  • the first is to insert the suction needle 16 and the waste liquid needle 17 into the specimen box 13 to enter.
  • the working position of the design is the second, the regular rotary joint 44 is engaged with the rotating shaft of the specimen box cover, so that the sampling spoon 134 is rotated by the stirring motor 54 to perform stirring and mixing.
  • the agitating motor 54 and the sampling scoop 134 constitute a stirring and mixing device.
  • the sampler 11 uses a syringe type sampler.
  • the needle pin of the applicator 11 is coupled to the second lift frame 42, and the second lift frame 42 drives the needle plug to be pulled out and pushed in, thereby drawing in and out of the diluent.
  • the second crane 42 is driven by a second motor 52.
  • the second motor 52 is controlled by the photoelectric switch to operate the limit.
  • the specimen cassette 13 is placed on the specimen holder 61, and the specimen holder 61 is equivalent to the test tube holder and is located below the first lifting frame 41 to accommodate a plurality of specimen cassettes 13.
  • the specimen holder 61 is placed on a linear guide 43, which is driven by a stepping motor 53.
  • the linear guide 43 is fixed and can drive the specimen holder 61 to operate. The number of runs and the distance of each operation are strictly required, and the operation is controlled according to the program, and the position of the photoelectric switch is verified.
  • a video camera 63 is mounted in the vicinity of the specimen holder 61, opposite to the side of the specimen holder 61, and is connected to an automatic controller (computer), and can be used to observe the working state of the sample dilution and agitation while observing the shape and color of the specimen. .
  • Above the video camera 63 is a specimen box identifying the photoelectric switch 62, facing the position of the specimen box cover, for identifying the specimen box.
  • the linear guide 43 drives the specimen cassette holder 61 to operate, the specimen cassette recognizes the operation of the photoelectric switch 62, and scans the specimen cassette holder 61 with the presence of the specimen cassette, the number of the specimen cassette, and the position of the specimen cassette on the specimen cassette holder 61.
  • the instrument automatically operates based on the scan data provided by the specimen box identification photoelectric switch 62. If the specimen box recognizes that the photoelectric switch 62 does not scan the signal to the specimen box, it is not necessary to perform the next detection operation.
  • the display 7 is connected to an automatic controller (computer) for program operation and can display a video camera 63 captured video signals.
  • the physical detecting unit includes a microscope 8, a microscope camera 81 mounted on the microscope, and a counting cell 14.
  • the counting cell 14 is placed on the microscope stage 82 to facilitate observation and counting with a microscope, and images collected by the microscope camera 81 are also displayed. On the display 7.
  • the main power source is first turned on, the specimen box 13 is placed on the specimen box holder 61, the specimen box holder 61 is pushed into the instrument from the specimen box frame window, and a switch is triggered, and the stepping motor 53 is positive. Turn, drive the linear guide 43 to run in the positive direction, and run in the opposite direction immediately after the positive direction reaches the forward end.
  • the specimen box recognizes the operation of the photoelectric switch 62, detects the presence or absence of the specimen box 13 on the specimen cassette holder 61, and does not detect the specimen box 13, that is, a notification dialog box appears, prompting to place the specimen box 13, and detecting the specimen box 13 Then proceed to the next step.
  • the linear guide 43 stops at a position where the first specimen cassette on the specimen cassette 61 is aligned with the aspirating needle 16, the waste needle 17, and the regular rotary joint 44 on the upper first lifting frame 41.
  • the video camera 63 is opened to observe the running condition of the instrument, such as whether the regular rotary joint 44 is aligned with the interface on the specimen cover.
  • the first motor 51 rotates forward, and the first lifting frame 41 is driven downward, and the stirring motor 54 rotates slowly.
  • the first lifting frame 41 drives the sampling needle 16, the waste liquid needle 17, and the regular rotary joint 44 to insert the specimen box 13 Design location.
  • the aspirating needle 16 passes through the filter of the specimen box 13 and enters the buffer chamber.
  • the regular swivel 44 engages the specimen spool.
  • the second motor 52 rotates forward, drives the second lifting frame 42 down, pulls out the needle plug of the syringe type injector 11, and the diluent is sucked. This process is a process in which the sampler 11 draws in the diluent.
  • the rear three-way pipe electromagnetic pinch-off valve 24 switches the internal passage, the second motor 52 reverses, the second lift frame 42 ascends, the diluent passes through the check valve 32, the second pipe tee 22, and the suction needle 16
  • the sample box 13 is added to complete the filling of the diluent in the pipe. This process is the process of adding a diluent to the specimen box.
  • the stirring motor 54 drives the regular rotary joint 44 to rotate in the forward and reverse directions according to the design speed, and drives the sampling spoon in the test tube to rotate, thereby completing the designed rotation time, thereby realizing the mixing of the specimens in the specimen box 13.
  • the aspirating peristaltic pump 18 is rotated forward, and the diluted and mixed specimen is injected into the counting pool 14 through the aspirating needle 16, the second conduit tee 22, and the third conduit tee 23, and the inhaled specimen liquid Stop at the rear of the electromagnetic pinch-off valve 34.
  • the electromagnetic pinch-off valve 33 and the electromagnetic pinch-off valve 34 at both ends of the counting cell 14 are closed, and the silicone tube is clamped, so that the sample in the counting cell 14 is quickly stopped to facilitate the microscope to detect it.
  • the connection line between the counting cell 14 and the aspirating peristaltic pump 18 is sufficiently long that the sample is not drawn into the diluent by the aspirating peristaltic pump 18. This process is to inject the diluted and mixed sample solution into the counting cell 14 for detection.
  • the stirring motor 54 is stopped.
  • the software displays the prompt for the microscopic examination.
  • the microscope in the instrument starts to work.
  • the microscope camera sends the microscopic image to the monitor of the computer, observing a field of view
  • the operator can press the software button to operate, click the "manual injection” button.
  • the aspirating peristaltic pump 18 is rotated forward, the electromagnetic pinch-off valve 33 and the electromagnetic pinch-off valve 34 are opened, and the sample liquid is sucked in a small amount.
  • the aspirating peristaltic pump 18 stops operating, and the electromagnetic pinch-off valve 33
  • the electromagnetic pinch-off valve 34 is closed again, the pipe is clamped, and the operator performs the microscopic inspection result entry.
  • the above process can be performed up to four times, and the operator can control the movement of the microscope stage to achieve the purpose of switching the field of view.
  • the above is the microscopic examination process of the sample solution.
  • the operator enters the cleaning procedure after pressing the "Print" button.
  • the chemical detection pipeline is cleaned, the aspirating peristaltic pump 18 is reversed, and the dilution liquid is cleaned through the first pipeline tee 21, the aspirating peristaltic pump 18, the counting pool 14, the third pipeline tee 23, and the chemical detection chamber 15, and at the same time
  • the liquid peristaltic pump 19 is rotated forward, and the waste liquid is discharged into the specimen box 13 through the chemical detection chamber 15, the waste liquid peristaltic pump 19, and the waste liquid needle 17.
  • the waste peristaltic pump 19 stops working, the aspirating peristaltic pump 18 rotates forward, and the diluent in the chemical detection chamber 15 and the third conduit tee 23 is drained, and then the electromagnetic pinch-off valve 35 is closed, and the pipeline is closed.
  • the suction peristaltic pump 18 is reversed, and the diluent is discharged through the pipeline first pipe tee 21, the suction peristaltic pump 18, the counting pool 14, the third pipe tee 23, the second pipe tee 22, and the suction needle 16
  • the sample cell 14 is cleaned while being inside the specimen box 13.
  • the instrument will automatically display an alarm dialog box.
  • the electromagnetic pinch-off valves 33 and 34 stop working for one second every second, and repeatedly open and close. This method is used to increase the pressure in the cleaning pipe and increase the cleaning effect.
  • the above process is the detection of a specimen box and the cleaning process of the instrument.
  • the first lifting frame 41 is operated upward.
  • the syringe-type sampler 11 sucks in the diluent again, and the linear guide 43 is positioned to the position of the next specimen box according to the signal input by the specimen box identifying the photoelectric switch 62, A specimen performs the same operation.
  • the instrument runs the specimen cassette holder 61 to the design position, enters the standby state, and prints a test report.
  • the "print" button can be directly pressed, and the instrument enters the cleaning procedure for the counting pool 14, and the subsequent operations are unchanged.
  • the operation, operation time and running direction of the motor are controlled by software, and the circuit principle used is known.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Description

大便标本自动检测仪
技术领域 本发明涉及一种医学检测装置, 具体是一种大便标本自动检测仪。
背景技术 大便标本的检测, 如大便常规检测和部分大便标本的化学检测, 目前所使用的方法都 是比较落后的。 1 ) 从标本的采集到标本操作检查以及最后的标本废液处理都有引起环境 和实验室的污染; 2 ) 为了预防传染病的流行, 对病人使用的采集标本的棉签、 盛放标本 的物品都要进行特殊处理, 处理的环节越多, 发生污染的几率就越高, 在检查操作过程中, 也很不卫生; 3) 没有统一的规范的报告格式。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种可对大便标本自动进行定量稀释、 检测的检测 仪, 在检测完毕后可以自动清洗, 避免发生污染。
为解决上述技术问题, 本发明采用如下技术方案: 一种大便标本自动检测仪, 包括以 下部分: 自动控制器; 稀释装置, 用于向大便标本中加入定量稀释液; 搅拌混匀装置, 用 于将稀释后的大便标本搅拌混匀; 检测单元, 用于对大便标本进行检测; 吸样及清洗装置, 通过管道与所述检测单元相连接, 用于输送大便标本至检测单元, 并在检测结束后清洗检 测单元和连接管道。
进一步地, 所述检测单元包括物理检测单元和化学检测单元。
更优地, 所述物理检测单元包括显微镜、 安装在显微镜上的显微镜摄像头和位于显微 镜载物台上的计数池, 所述计数池与所述吸样及清洗装置管道连接。
进一步地, 所述吸样及清洗装置包括一吸样针、 一稀释液入口, 以及连接在吸样针与 稀释液入口之间的吸样蠕动泵, 所述计数池连接在吸样针与吸样蠕动泵之间。
进一步地, 所述计数池的两端各设有一个电磁夹断阀。
进一步地, 所述加样针固定在第一升降架上, 所述第一升降架由第一电机驱动。
进一步地, 所述稀释装置包括一个与所述稀释液入口相连通的加样器, 所述加样器通 过一单向阀与所述吸样针相连通。
优选地, 所述加样器为注射器式加样器。
进一步地, 所述加样器连接在第二升降架上, 所述第二升降架由第二电机驱动。
优选地, 所述化学检测单元包括一化学检测室, 所述化学检测室也连接在吸样针与吸 样蠕动泵之间。
优选地, 所述化学检测单元包括一化学检测室, 所述化学检测室的一端与计数池相连 接, 另一端与一废液蠕动泵相连接, 废液蠕动泵与一废液针相连接。
优选地, 所述化学检测室与计数池之间设有一电磁夹断阀。
优选地, 所述第一升降架的下方设有标本盒架。
进-步地, 还包括一个与所述标本盒架侧面相对的视频摄像头。
进-步地, 所述视频摄像头的上方设有一标本盒识别光电开关。
进-步地, 所述标本盒架安装在一直线导轨上, 所述直线导轨由一步进电机驱动。 进-步地, 所述标本盒架内还包括标本盒。
进-步地, 所述搅拌混匀装置包括一搅拌电机和一可转动的采样勺, 所述采样勺位于 标本盒内, 当第一升降架下降时, 所述加样针插入标本盒内, 且所述搅拌电机与采样勺同 轴连接。
优选地, 还包括一显示器与所述自动控制器相连接。
本发明中的自动控制器可以控制稀释装置对大便标本自动进行定量稀释, 控制搅拌混 匀装置将标本混匀, 控制吸样及清洗装置将标本通过管道送到检测单元进行检测, 并在检 测结束后清洗检测单元和连接管道。 整个过程完全在较为密闭的管道中进行, 减少了与外 部接触的环节, 降低了对环境和实验室的污染, 使用电脑自动进行控制, 提高了工作效率。
附图说明
图 1是本发明大便标本自动检测仪的功能模块组成示意图。
图 2是本发明一种实施例的管道连接示意图。
图 3是本发明另一种实施例的管道连接示意图。
图 4是本发明的结构示意图 (前视方向) 。
图 5是本发明的结构示意图 (左视方向) 。
图 6是一种标本盒的结构示意图。 附图标记如下:
11、 加样器 43、 直线导轨
12、 稀释液入口 44、 规则旋转接头
13、 标本盒 51、 第一电机
14、 计数池 52、 第二电机
15、 化学检测室 53、 步进电机
16、 吸样针 54、 搅拌电机
17、 废液针 61、 标本盒架
18、 吸样蠕动泵 62、 标本盒识别光电开关
19、 废液蠕动泵 63、 视频摄像头
n α,
21、 第一管道三通 1
22、 第二管道三通 8、 显微镜
23、 第三管道三通 81、 显微镜摄像头
24、 三通管道电磁夹断阀 82、 显微镜载物台
32、 单向阀 131、 愈盖
33、 电磁夹断阀 132、 开孔
34、 电磁夹断阀 133、 转轴
35、 电磁夹断阀 134、 采样勺
41、 第一升降架 135、 过滤网
42、 第二升降架 136、 缓冲室
具体实施方式
下文将参照附图对本发明进行详细描述。
首先如图 1所示, 本发明大便标本自动检测仪包括自动控制器、 稀释装置、 搅拌混匀 装置、 检测单元和吸样及清洗装置等几个部分; 其中稀释装置在自动控制器的控制下, 可 以向大便标本中加入定量稀释液; 搅拌混匀装置在自动控制器的控制下, 可以将稀释后的 大便标本搅拌混匀; 检测单元, 用于对大便标本进行检测; 吸样及清洗装置通过管道与检 测单元相连接, 在自动控制器的控制下, 可以输送大便标本至检测单元, 并在检测结束后 自动清洗检测单元和连接管道, 以便于进行下一次检测。 其中上述检测单元可以包括物理 检测单元和化学检测单元。 自动控制器可以是电脑。
如图 2所示, 采集的大便标本放入标本盒 13中, 吸样针 16插入标本盒 13中, 加样 器 11通过管道连接稀释液入口 12, 在加样器 11和稀释液入口 12之间设置三通管道电磁 夹断阀 24和第一管道三通 21,吸样针 16则通过一个第二管道三通 22和一个单向阀 32与 三通管道电磁夹断阀 24相连。 当三通管道电磁夹断阀 24连通加样器 11和稀释液入口 12 时, 同时会断开加样器 11与吸样针 16之间的管路, 加样器 11可以从稀释液入口 12吸取 定量的稀释液, 然后, 三通管道电磁夹断阀 24动作切换, 断开加样器 11和稀释液入口 12 之间的管路, 同时接通加样器 11与吸样针 16之间的管路, 推压加样器 11, 稀释液经单向 阀 32和吸样针 16被注入标本盒 13中, 完成对大便标本的定量稀释。 上述稀释液入口 12、 三通管道电磁夹断阀 24、 加样器 11、 单向阀 32与吸样针 16及其连接管道就构成了稀释 装置。
吸样蠕动泵 18的一端通过第一管道三通 21与稀释液入口 12相通, 另一端通过管路 及第二管道三通 22与吸样针 16相连接, 从而构成吸样及清洗装置。 物理检测单元的计数 池 14和化学检测单元的化学检测室 15串联在吸样针 16与吸样蠕动泵 18之间。 吸样蠕动 泵 18正转时, 标本液被吸样针 16从标本盒 13中吸出并进入计数池 14和化学检测室 15 内, 以便于进行物理、 化学检测。 在计数池 14的两端各设有一个电磁夹断阀 33、 34, 它 们关闭时, 可以使计数池内的标本液尽快稳定下来, 便于在显微镜下进行观察和计数; 同 时在反冲清洗计数池时, 电磁夹断阀 33、 34 反复开关, 可以增加管道内压力, 增加冲洗 效果。 检测完毕后, 吸样蠕动泵 18反转, 稀释液沿管道进入, 对计数池 14、 化学检测室 15和吸样针 16进行清洗, 清洗的废液由吸样针 16流入标本盒 13内, 便于进行集中处理。 由于单向阀 32的作用, 可以避免废液流入稀释管道中, 造成污染。
图 3是本发明的另一种实施例, 与图 2不同的是, 化学检测室 15并不是与计数池 14 一同串联在吸样及清洗管路中, 化学检测室 15的一端通过电磁夹断阀 35和第三管道三通 23与计数池 14相连接, 另一端与一废液蠕动泵 19相连接, 废液蠕动泵 19与一废液针 17 相连接, 废液针 17也插入标本盒 13中。 在电磁夹断阀 35关闭时, 标本液只进入计数池 14中进行物理检测, 如果需要进行化学检测, 在电磁夹断阀 33关闭, 而电磁夹断阀 34、 35打开的情况下, 开启吸样蠕动泵 18和废液蠕动泵 19可以将标本液再送入化学检测室 15中进行化学检测。 化学检测室 15可以加入带模板的试纸条, 标本自动加入试纸条内。 检测完毕, 继续开启吸样蠕动泵 18和废液蠕动泵 19, 用稀释液对计数池 14和化学检测室 15进行清洗, 废液由废液针 17进入标本盒 13中, 然后再开启电磁夹断阀 33, 对吸样针 16也进行清洗。 吸样蠕动泵 18正转可以完成将标本吸入计数池 14的功能, 其反转, 完成 对计数池 14、 化学检测室 15管道的清洗, 其运行时间和转速是可调节的。
如图 6所示, 标本盒 13上可以有一个盒盖 131, 盒盖 131上设有开孔 132, 以便于吸 样针 16、 废液针 17插入; 盒盖 131上还设有一个转轴 133, 转轴 133可以相对于盒盖自 由转动, 转轴 133的上端可与电机相连接, 下端连接一个采样勺 134, 采样勺 134可以用 于采集大便标本, 放入标本盒中并加入稀释液后, 电机带动转轴 133转动时, 采样勺 134 又可以起到搅拌混匀的作用。标本盒 13设有一过滤网 135, 过滤网 135将盒内空间分隔为 上腔和下腔, 下腔为缓冲室 136, 吸样针 16可以插入缓冲室 136中吸取过滤后的标本液。
如图 4、 图 5所示, 本发明还包括一第一升降架 41, 吸样针 16、 废液针 17和一规则 旋转接头 44都安装在第一升降架 41上, 规则旋转接头 44与搅拌电机 54相连。 第一升降 架 41由第一电机 51驱动, 其作用是带动规则旋转接头 44、 吸样针 16、 废液针 17升降, 其一是使吸样针 16和废液针 17插入标本盒 13进入设计的工作位置, 其二是使规则旋转 接头 44与标本盒盖上的转轴相接合, 以便由搅拌电机 54带动采样勺 134转动, 进行搅拌 混匀。 从而搅拌电机 54和采样勺 134构成搅拌混匀装置。
加样器 11采用注射器式加样器。 加样器 11的针栓连接在第二升降架 42上, 由第二 升降架 42带动针栓被拉出和推入, 从而将稀释液吸入和打出。 第二升降架 42由第二电机 52驱动。 第二电机 52由光电开关控制运行限位。
标本盒 13放置在标本盒架 61上, 标本盒架 61相当于试管架, 位于第一升降架 41的 下方, 可盛放多个标本盒 13。 标本盒架 61放置在一直线导轨 43上, 直线导轨 43由步进 电机 53驱动。 该直线导轨 43固定并可以带动标本盒架 61运行, 其运行次数和每次运行 的距离有严格的要求, 按照程序控制运行, 并且有光电开关验证所到位置。
一视频摄像头 63安装在标本盒架 61的附近, 与标本盒架 61侧面相对, 与自动控制 器 (电脑) 相连接, 可以用于观察标本稀释、 搅拌的工作状态, 同时观察标本的形状和颜 色。 视频摄像头 63的上方设有一标本盒识别光电开关 62, 对着标本盒盖的位置, 用于识 别标本盒。 在直线导轨 43带动标本盒架 61运行时, 该标本盒识别光电开关 62工作, 扫 描标本盒架 61上有无标本盒、 标本盒的数量以及标本盒在标本盒架 61上的位置。 本仪器 则根据该标本盒识别光电开关 62 提供的扫描数据自动进行操作。 如果标本盒识别光电开 关 62未扫描到标本盒的信号, 则不必进行下一步的检测操作。
显示器 7与自动控制器 (电脑) 相连接, 可以进行程序操作, 并可以显示视频摄像头 63采集的视频信号。
物理检测单元包括显微镜 8、 安装在显微镜上的显微镜摄像头 81和计数池 14, 计数 池 14位于显微镜载物台 82上, 以便于用显微镜进行观察、 计数, 由显微镜摄像头 81采 集的图像也显示在显示器 7上。
本发明在使用时, 先接通总电源, 将标本盒 13放入标本盒架 61上, 将标本盒架 61从 标本盒架窗口推入仪器内, 并触发一个开关, 步进电机 53即正转, 带动直线导轨 43正方 向运行, 正方向运行到达正转终点后立即反方向运行。 此时, 标本盒识别光电开关 62 工 作, 检测标本盒架 61上的标本盒 13的有无, 未检测到标本盒 13, 即出现告知对话框, 提 示放入标本盒 13, 检测到标本盒 13后继续进行下一步操作。直线导轨 43停止在使标本盒 架 61上第一个标本盒对准上面第一升降架 41上的吸样针 16、 废液针 17和规则旋转接头 44 的位置。 此时可按软件上的比色观察, 打开视频摄像头 63, 用来观察仪器运行状况, 如规则旋转接头 44是否对准标本盒盖上的接口。
第一电机 51正转, 带动第一升降架 41向下运行, 同时搅拌电机 54慢速旋转, 第一升 降架 41则带动吸样针 16、废液针 17和规则旋转接头 44插入标本盒 13的设计位置。 吸样 针 16穿过标本盒 13的过滤网进入到缓冲室内。 同时, 规则旋转接头 44与标本盒转轴啮 合。 第二电机 52正转, 带动第二升降架 42下行, 拉出注射器式加样器 11的针栓, 稀释 液被吸入, 此过程为加样器 11吸入稀释液的过程。
结合图 3, 之后三通管道电磁夹断阀 24切换内部通道, 第二电机 52反转, 第二升降 架 42上行, 稀释液通过单向阀 32、 第二管道三通 22和吸样针 16加入标本盒 13内, 完成 管道内稀释液的充满。 此过程为向标本盒中加入稀释液的过程。
然后, 搅拌电机 54带动规则旋转接头 44按设计速度沿正反两方向旋转, 带动试管内 的采样勺旋转, 完成所设计的旋转时间, 从而实现标本盒 13内标本的混匀。
然后, 吸样蠕动泵 18正转, 稀释混匀后的标本通过吸样针 16、 第二管道三通 22、 第 三管道三通 23, 将标本注入到计数池 14内, 被吸入的标本液停止在后面的电磁夹断阀 34 处。 吸样完毕后, 计数池 14两端的电磁夹断阀 33和电磁夹断阀 34关闭, 将硅胶管道夹 闭, 使计数池 14内的样本迅速静止下来, 以方便显微镜对其进行检测。 计数池 14与吸样 蠕动泵 18之间的连接管道足够长,所以,不致将标本经过吸样蠕动泵 18吸入到稀释液中。 此过程为将经过稀释混匀的标本液注入到计数池 14内, 以待检测。
这时,搅拌电机 54停止运行。之后, 软件显示打开镜检提示,操作人员点击该按键后, 仪器内显微镜开始工作。 显微镜摄像头将镜检图像发送到电脑的显示器, 观察完一个视野 并录入结果后, 操作人员可按软件按键进行操作, 点击 "手动进样"按键。 吸样蠕动泵 18 正转, 电磁夹断阀 33和电磁夹断阀 34打开, 标本液被少量吸入, 此次运行只持续一秒钟 后, 吸样蠕动泵 18停止运行, 电磁夹断阀 33和电磁夹断阀 34重新关闭, 夹闭管道, 操 作人员再进行镜检观察结果录入。 上述过程最多可进行四次, 操作人员可控制显微镜载物 台的移动, 达到转换视野的目的。 上述为标本液的镜检过程。
完成镜检后, 如果化验单上有要求对病人标本进行隐血等一些必要的化学检测, 则还 需要对标本液进行化学检测。 操作人员点击软件的 "化学检测"按键。 之后, 电磁夹断阀 34打开, 电磁夹断阀 33关闭, 吸样蠕动泵 18反转, 将标本液通过计数池 14、 第三管道 三通 23, 最后送入到化学检测室 15处。 此时操作人员在仪器前面板试纸条模板加入窗口 处加入试纸条模板, 再次点击 "化学检测"按键, 吸样蠕动泵 18 反转, 标本液加入试纸 条模板中, 取出模板, 等待观察结果, 该操作可进行四次。
完成镜检和化学检测后操作人员按 "打印"键后, 仪器进入清洗程序。 首先清洗化学 检测管道, 吸样蠕动泵 18反转,稀释液通过第一管道三通 21、吸样蠕动泵 18、计数池 14、 第三管道三通 23、 化学检测室 15进行清洗, 同时废液蠕动泵 19正转, 废液通过化学检测 室 15、 废液蠕动泵 19、 废液针 17被排入标本盒 13内。
清洗完毕后, 废液蠕动泵 19停止工作, 吸样蠕动泵 18正转, 排空化学检测室 15、 第 三管道三通 23中的稀释液, 之后, 电磁夹断阀 35关闭, 夹闭管道, 吸样蠕动泵 18反转, 稀释液通过管道第一管道三通 21、 吸样蠕动泵 18、 计数池 14、 第三管道三通 23、 第二管 道三通 22、 吸样针 16排入到标本盒 13内, 同时对计数池 14进行清洗。 在此过程中, 如 果出现运行异常, 仪器将自动出现报警对话框。 在此过程中, 电磁夹断阀 33和 34每工作 一秒, 停止工作半秒, 反复启闭, 用此方法加大清洗管道内的压力, 增加清洗效果。
上述过程为对一个标本盒的检测和对仪器的清洗过程。
清洗完成后, 第一升降架 41向上运行, 到位后, 注射器式加样器 11再次吸入稀释液, 直线导轨 43根据标本盒识别光电开关 62输入的信号定位到下一个标本盒的位置, 对下一 个标本进行相同的操作。 对一个标本盒架 61的所有标本操作完毕后仪器将标本盒架 61运 行到设计位置, 进入待机状态, 并打印检测报告。
如果化验单上没有要进行化学检测的项目, 操作人员镜检录入完成后, 可直接按 "打 印"键, 仪器就进入对计数池 14的清洗程序, 之后的操作不变。
本发明中电机的运转及运转时间、 运转方向均由软件进行控制, 所用电路原理为公知
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Claims

权利要求书
1. 一种大便标本自动检测仪, 其特征在于包括以下部分:
自动控制器;
稀释装置, 用于向大便标本中加入定量稀释液;
搅拌混匀装置, 用于将稀释后的大便标本搅拌混匀;
检测单元, 用于对大便标本进行检测;
吸样及清洗装置, 通过管道与所述检测单元相连接, 用于输送大便标本至检测单元, 并在检测结束后清洗检测单元和连接管道。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的大便标本自动检测仪, 其特征在于: 所述检测单元包括物理检 测单元和化学检测单元。
3. 根据权利要求 2所述的大便标本自动检测仪, 其特征在于: 所述物理检测单元包括显 微镜、 安装在显微镜上的显微镜摄像头和位于显微镜载物台上的计数池, 所述计数池 与所述吸样及清洗装置管道连接。
4. 根据权利要求 3所述的大便标本自动检测仪, 其特征在于: 所述吸样及清洗装置包括 一吸样针、 一稀释液入口, 以及连接在吸样针与稀释液入口之间的吸样蠕动泵, 所述 计数池连接在吸样针与吸样蠕动泵之间。
5. 根据权利要求 4所述的大便标本自动检测仪, 其特征在于: 所述计数池的两端各设有 一个电磁夹断阀。
6. 根据权利要求 4所述的大便标本自动检测仪, 其特征在于: 所述加样针固定在第一升 降架上, 所述第一升降架由第一电机驱动。
7. 根据权利要求 4所述的大便标本自动检测仪, 其特征在于: 所述稀释装置包括一个与 所述稀释液入口相连通的加样器, 所述加样器通过一单向阀与所述吸样针相连通。
8. 根据权利要求 7所述的大便标本自动检测仪, 其特征在于: 所述加样器为注射器式加 样器。
9. 根据权利要求 8所述的大便标本自动检测仪, 其特征在于: 所述加样器连接在第二升 降架上, 所述第二升降架由第二电机驱动。
10. 根据权利要求 4所述的大便标本自动检测仪, 其特征在于: 所述化学检测单元包括一 化学检测室, 所述化学检测室也连接在吸样针与吸样蠕动泵之间。
11. 根据权利要求 4所述的大便标本自动检测仪, 其特征在于: 所述化学检测单元包括一 化学检测室,所述化学检测室的一端与计数池相连接,另一端与一废液蠕动泵相连接, 废液蠕动泵与一废液针相连接。
12. 根据权利要求 11所述的大便标本自动检测仪,其特征在于:所述化学检测室与计数池 之间设有一电磁夹断阀。
13. 根据权利要求 6所述的大便标本自动检测仪, 其特征在于: 所述第一升降架的下方设 有标本盒架。
14. 根据权利要求 13所述的大便标本自动检测仪,其特征在于:还包括一个与所述标本盒 架侧面相对的视频摄像头。
15. 根据权利要求 14所述的大便标本自动检测仪,其特征在于:所述视频摄像头的上方设 有一标本盒识别光电开关。
16. 根据权利要求 13所述的大便标本自动检测仪,其特征在于:所述标本盒架安装在一直 线导轨上, 所述直线导轨由一步进电机驱动。
17. 根据权利要求 13所述的大便标本自动检测仪,其特征在于:所述标本盒架内还包括标 本盒。
18. 根据权利要求 17所述的大便标本自动检测仪,其特征在于:所述搅拌混匀装置包括一 搅拌电机和一可转动的采样勺, 所述采样勺位于标本盒内, 当第一升降架下降时, 所 述加样针插入标本盒内, 且所述搅拌电机与采样勺同轴连接。
19. 根据权利要求 1所述的大便标本自动检测仪, 其特征在于: 还包括一显示器与所述自 动控制器相连接。
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