WO2010071027A1 - 高周波結合器及び通信装置 - Google Patents
高周波結合器及び通信装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010071027A1 WO2010071027A1 PCT/JP2009/070301 JP2009070301W WO2010071027A1 WO 2010071027 A1 WO2010071027 A1 WO 2010071027A1 JP 2009070301 W JP2009070301 W JP 2009070301W WO 2010071027 A1 WO2010071027 A1 WO 2010071027A1
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- magnetic field
- pattern
- frequency coupler
- field forming
- coupler according
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B5/00—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
- H04B5/40—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems characterised by components specially adapted for near-field transmission
- H04B5/48—Transceivers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
- G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q7/00—Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
- H01Q9/26—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole with folded element or elements, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of operating wavelength
- H01Q9/27—Spiral antennas
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a high-frequency coupler, and more particularly to a high-frequency coupler and a communication device that can be suitably used for large-capacity data communication at a short distance.
- an electric field coupling method or an electromagnetic induction method when communicating with a high-frequency signal, energy is attenuated in proportion to the communication distance. It is known that electric field coupling attenuates in proportion to the cube of distance. On the other hand, the magnetic field coupling attenuates in proportion to the square of the distance. This enables communication at a short distance without receiving interference from other communication devices.
- communication is performed using a high-frequency signal of 1 GHz or higher, a propagation loss occurs according to the distance because the wavelength of the high-frequency signal is short. Therefore, it is necessary to efficiently transmit a high frequency signal.
- Patent Document 1 describes a high-frequency coupler that transmits energy mainly by electric field coupling in order to perform large-capacity data communication between information devices by a communication method using a broadband frequency.
- electric field coupling attenuates in proportion to the cube of the distance, if the size is reduced, the communication distance becomes considerably short, and it is difficult to reduce the size of the coupler.
- a parallel inductor is formed in order to improve transmission efficiency.
- a thickness for forming the parallel inductor is required, and a ground electrode for grounding the parallel inductor must also be formed, which causes a problem that the coupler itself is increased in size.
- a main object of the present invention is to provide a high-frequency coupler and a communication device that are small in size and can efficiently perform large-capacity data communication at a short distance.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a high-frequency coupler and a communication device that can achieve the main object and can be used in combination with a non-contact type IC card.
- a high-frequency coupler includes: A magnetic field forming pattern for forming a magnetic field in a certain direction; A circumferential pattern that is arranged around the magnetic field forming pattern and shields the magnetic field generated from the magnetic field forming pattern and spreading to the side of the pattern surface; It is provided with.
- a communication apparatus comprising: a magnetic field forming pattern that forms a magnetic field in a fixed direction; and a circular pattern that is arranged around the magnetic field forming pattern and shields a magnetic field that is generated from the magnetic field forming pattern and spreads to the side of the pattern surface
- a communication circuit unit for processing a high-frequency signal for transmitting data It is provided with.
- a magnetic field is generated radially from the magnetic field forming pattern, and the magnetic field spreading to the side of the pattern surface is shielded by the circular pattern.
- the magnetic field extends in a certain direction substantially orthogonal to the pattern surface, and a high-frequency signal can be efficiently transmitted at a short distance, and is particularly suitable for large-capacity data communication at a short distance.
- Can do since energy transfer is based on magnetic field coupling, energy attenuation is proportional to the square of the distance, so that the size is smaller than electric field coupling that attenuates in proportion to the third power.
- the parallel inductor and ground electrode required for electric field coupling are not required, and the size can be reduced accordingly.
- the high-frequency coupler and the communication device may further include a magnetic field antenna pattern, and the magnetic field formation pattern and the circulation pattern are disposed inside the magnetic field antenna pattern, particularly at a central portion of the magnetic field antenna pattern. It is preferable. In parallel with large-capacity data communication using a magnetic field forming pattern, communication by a non-contact type IC card method using a magnetic field antenna pattern becomes possible.
- the coupler can be downsized, and a high-frequency signal can be efficiently transmitted at a short distance, and can be suitably used particularly for large-capacity data communication at a short distance.
- the communication by the non-contact type IC card method using the magnetic field antenna pattern is possible.
- (A) is explanatory drawing which shows the magnetic field generation
- (B) is explanatory drawing which shows the magnetic field generation
- (C) is a magnetic material sheet. Explanatory drawing which shows the magnetic field generation
- 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a communication apparatus according to the present invention.
- the high frequency coupler which is 1st Example is shown, (A) is a top view, (B) is a back view.
- the high frequency coupler which is 5th Example is shown, (A) is a top view of the 1st layer, (B) is a top view of the 2nd layer, (C) is a back view of the 3rd layer.
- the top view which shows the high frequency coupler which is 9th Example The front view which shows the state which mounted the high frequency coupler which is 9th Example in the printed wiring circuit board.
- FIG. 1A a magnetic field is generated radially from the coiled magnetic field formation pattern 1 by the flow of current. This magnetic field spreads to the side of the pattern surface. Therefore, in the high frequency coupler according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1 (B), a circular pattern 2 that is spelled and folded around the magnetic field forming pattern 1 is arranged. When a current flows through the circular pattern 2, a magnetic field spreading from the side of the pattern surface among the magnetic field radiated from the magnetic field forming pattern 1 is shielded by the circular pattern 2.
- the magnetic field extends in a certain direction substantially orthogonal to the pattern surface, the directivity is fixed, there is no interference with other communication devices, and a high-frequency signal can be efficiently transmitted at a short distance,
- it can be suitably used for large-capacity data communication at a short distance such as a communication system using a broadband frequency.
- the magnetic field forming pattern 1 itself does not resonate at the communication frequency, and thus a magnetic field is radiated in a wide frequency band.
- the communication distance can be increased by increasing the number of turns and area of the magnetic field forming pattern 1.
- the circulation pattern 2 is disposed in the vicinity of the magnetic field formation pattern 1, and the magnetic field formation pattern 1 and the circulation pattern 2 adjacent to each other circulate in opposite directions.
- the circulation pattern 2 circulates over a plurality of circumferences, and the adjacent circulation patterns 2 circulate in opposite directions. Currents flow in opposite directions in the adjacent circular patterns 2, and the adjacent circular patterns 2 form magnetic fields having different directions, which cancel each other. Thereby, the area
- the magnetic field radiated from the magnetic field forming pattern 1 is blocked by the plurality of circulation patterns 2 that do not form a magnetic field as a whole.
- the magnetic field radiated from the magnetic field forming pattern 1 can be reliably shielded by the plurality of circulation patterns 2.
- the distance between the magnetic field forming pattern 1 and the circulation pattern 2 is short, it is necessary to increase the number of circulations of the circulation pattern 2, but the effect of blocking the magnetic field to the side is great.
- the distance between the magnetic field forming pattern 1 and the circulation pattern 2 is long, the number of circulations of the circulation pattern 2 may be small, but the magnetic field spreads not only in the direction perpendicular to the pattern surface but also in the oblique direction. Therefore, the radiation angle of the magnetic field can be controlled by the distance between the magnetic field forming pattern 1 and the circular pattern 2.
- the circular pattern 2 When the circular pattern 2 is arranged close to the magnetic field forming pattern 1, they are magnetically coupled so that the inductance value of the magnetic field forming pattern 1 is reduced. For this reason, in order to obtain a constant inductance value, it is necessary to increase the inductance value of the magnetic field forming pattern 1. For example, by increasing the number of turns and the area of the magnetic field forming pattern 1, the radiation of the magnetic field can be greatly extended in the direction orthogonal to the pattern surface to increase the communication distance.
- a magnetic sheet 3 may be provided on one side of the magnetic field formation direction by the magnetic field formation pattern 1.
- the magnetic sheet 3 is made of ferrite, for example.
- a magnetic field is radiated from the magnetic field forming pattern 1 in both directions perpendicular to the pattern surface. Since one magnetic field is absorbed by the magnetic sheet 3, the magnetic field is radiated only in the other direction, and the transmission efficiency of the high-frequency signal is improved. Further, even if a metal material or the like is disposed on the magnetic sheet 3 side, the high frequency coupler is very rarely affected.
- Such a magnetic sheet 3 overlaps with the magnetic field forming pattern 1 in plan view, and preferably overlaps with the circular pattern 2 in plan view.
- the magnetic field forming pattern may be composed of two circular patterns 1A and 1B.
- the two patterns 1A and 1B may be circulated in the same direction (see FIG. 2A, the magnetic field is in phase), or may be circulated in the opposite direction (FIG. 2B ) See, magnetic field is out of phase).
- the magnetic field is formed in the same direction, and the magnetic field can be efficiently formed in a certain direction.
- the communication device comprises a high-frequency coupler 10 provided with the magnetic field forming pattern 1 and the circulation pattern 2 connected to a communication circuit unit (transmitting circuit 11, receiving circuit 12).
- a communication circuit unit transmitting circuit 11, receiving circuit 12.
- the high frequency coupler according to the first embodiment has magnetic field forming patterns 1A and 1B arranged close to the surface of a resin sheet 20, and circulates around the magnetic field forming patterns 1A and 1B.
- the pattern 2 is disposed, and the electrodes 15A and 15B are disposed on the back surface of the sheet 20.
- the patterns 1A, 1B, 2 and the electrodes 15A, 15B are patterned by attaching a thin metal plate made of a conductive material such as aluminum foil or copper foil on the sheet 20, or Al, Cu, Ag on the sheet 20. It forms by apply
- the magnetic field forming patterns 1A and 1B have electrode portions 25a and 25b formed at one end, and the other end connected to the line 26 (connection point 26a).
- the circulation pattern 2 is circulated in a reverse direction over a plurality of laps by the turn-back portions 2a and 2b.
- the other end of the line 26 is electrically connected at the central portion 2 c in the length direction of the circuit pattern 2.
- the electrode portions 25a and 25b are opposed to the electrode portions 16a and 16b of the electrodes 15A and 15B provided on the back surface of the sheet 20, and a capacitor is formed between them.
- the magnetic field forming patterns 1A and 1B are capacitively coupled via the electrode portions 25a and 16a and the electrode portions 25b and 16b, respectively. Then, either end of the electrodes 15A and 15B is electrically connected to the communication circuit unit (the transmission circuit 11 or the reception circuit 12).
- the end that is not electrically connected to the communication circuit unit is an open end.
- the end of the electrode 15B becomes the tip of the magnetic field forming pattern 1B.
- the edge part of this electrode 15B forms an electrostatic capacitance by the electrode part 16b and the electrode part 25b, and is connected to the center part 2c of the circuit pattern 2.
- the central portion 2c of the circuit pattern 2 is the portion where the voltage is minimum and is a virtual ground in terms of circuit, the electrode 15B forms a capacitance toward the ground.
- the capacitors formed between the electrode portions 16a and 16b and the electrode portions 25a and 25b are for impedance matching between the communication circuit portion and the magnetic field forming patterns 1A and 1B.
- the magnetic field radiating from the magnetic field forming patterns 1A and 1B spreading to the side of the pattern surface is shielded by the circular pattern 2, and the magnetic field is orthogonal to the pattern surface.
- the high-frequency signal can be efficiently transmitted at a short distance of about 30 mm in a certain direction.
- the magnetic field forming patterns 1A and 1B circulate in the same direction. Thereby, magnetic fields in the same direction are combined, and the communication distance is improved.
- the circuit pattern 2 is formed as a folded dipole antenna.
- a dipole antenna can obtain a wide passband.
- the length of the circular pattern 2 is preferably an integral multiple of ⁇ / 2 ( ⁇ : a predetermined frequency). Since the circulation pattern 2 resonates, energy transmission efficiency is improved. Further, since the magnetic field forming patterns 1A and 1B and the circulation pattern 2 are electrically connected at the central portion 2c in the length direction of the circulation pattern 2, the signal transmission efficiency is maximized. That is, a current flows through the magnetic field forming patterns 1A and 1B in the pass band of the circulation pattern 2 to form a magnetic field.
- the central portion 2c in the length direction of the circuit pattern 2 has the maximum current and the minimum voltage, and the maximum current point has the maximum strength of the magnetic field generated by the current, so that the signal transmission efficiency is also maximum.
- Circumference pattern 2 also functions as an electric field antenna.
- a wideband resonator is obtained.
- magnetic field formation pattern 1A, 1B and the circulation pattern 2 couple
- the circulation pattern 2 is a dipole type, a bandwidth of 500 MHz or more can be obtained, and even if it is a folded dipole type as in the first embodiment, an equivalent bandwidth can be obtained.
- the high frequency coupler according to the first embodiment only forms the patterns 1A, 1B, 2 and the electrodes 15A, 15B on the front and back surfaces of the sheet 20, and the thickness is about 0.15 to 0.6 mm. It is thin and the area is 5 to 7 mm square in the outer size of the circular pattern 2 and is very small.
- the high-frequency coupler according to the second embodiment basically has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment.
- a characteristic configuration in the second embodiment is that the folded-back portions 2b of the circulation pattern 2 are arranged at different circulation positions in plan view. The passage path on the side of the magnetic field radiated from the magnetic field forming patterns 1A and 1B is reduced, and the magnetic field can be reliably shielded. Other functions and effects are the same as those of the first embodiment.
- the high-frequency coupler according to the third embodiment basically has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment.
- a characteristic configuration in the third embodiment is that a connection point 26a between the magnetic field forming patterns 1A and 1B and the line 26 is drawn between the magnetic field forming patterns 1A and 1B.
- the magnetic field coupling degree of the magnetic field forming patterns 1A and 1B varies depending on the position of the connection point 26a, and the reflection characteristics at high frequencies can be controlled.
- the connection point 26a is positioned deeply between the magnetic field forming patterns 1A and 1B as in the third embodiment, the pass band is narrowed.
- Other functions and effects are the same as those of the first embodiment.
- the high-frequency coupler according to the fourth embodiment basically has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment as shown in FIG.
- a characteristic configuration in the fourth embodiment is that the number of turns of the turn pattern 2 is reduced.
- the function and effect are the same as in the first embodiment.
- the circuit pattern 2 has a shorter line length than that of the first embodiment, is not ⁇ / 2, and is not a dipole type.
- the high-frequency coupler according to the fifth embodiment forms a circular pattern 2 on the surface of the resin sheet 20 ⁇ / b> A, and the magnetic field forming patterns 1 ⁇ / b> A and 1 ⁇ / b> B on the surface of the resin sheet 20 ⁇ / b> B positioned below the pattern.
- electrodes 15A and 15B are formed on the back surface of the sheet 20B to form a multilayer structure.
- the end portion 26b of the line 26 connected to the magnetic field forming patterns 1A and 1B and the central portion 2c of the circuit pattern 2 are connected by a via-hole conductor 30.
- the circulation pattern 2 is a dipole type in which both ends are opened.
- the operational effects of the fifth embodiment are basically the same as those of the previous embodiments.
- the magnetic field forming patterns 1A and 1B circulate in opposite directions. Magnetic fields in different directions cancel each other to form one magnetic loop. Thereby, since the magnetic field radiated to the side of the pattern surface is reduced, the number of turns of the turn pattern 2 can be reduced.
- the high-frequency coupler according to the sixth embodiment has a laminated structure similar to the fifth embodiment, and the circulation pattern 2 is formed in the first layer, and the second layer is formed in the second layer. Magnetic field forming patterns 1A and 1B are formed, and electrodes 15A and 15B are formed in the third layer. In FIG. 9, the resin sheet is not shown.
- the circular pattern 2 is a dipole type that is connected to the line 26 by a via-hole conductor 30 and is open at both ends.
- the operational effects of the sixth embodiment are basically the same as those of the previous embodiments.
- the high-frequency coupler according to the seventh embodiment has a magnetic field forming pattern 1 arranged at substantially the center of the surface of the resin sheet 20 and a circulating pattern 2 arranged so as to surround the periphery.
- the electrode portion 25 provided at one end of the magnetic field forming pattern 1 is opposed to the electrode portion 16 of the electrode 15 disposed on the back surface of the sheet 20 to form a capacitor.
- the electrode part 17 provided in the other end of the electrode 15 is electrically connected with a communication circuit part.
- the circuit pattern 2 is a ground electrode, so that it shields the magnetic field radiated from the magnetic field forming pattern 1 and spreads to the side of the pattern surface, and extends the magnetic field in a certain direction orthogonal to the pattern surface. . Therefore, the function and effect are basically the same as in the first embodiment.
- the high-frequency coupler according to the eighth embodiment is obtained by connecting the magnetic field forming pattern 1 shown in the seventh embodiment to the central portion 2 c of the circulation pattern 2.
- the magnetic field forming pattern 1 is connected to the circuit pattern 2, it is necessary to form a notch 2d in the circuit pattern 2 so that no current loss occurs.
- the operational effects of the eighth embodiment are the same as those of the seventh embodiment.
- the high-frequency coupler forms a magnetic field antenna pattern 50 on the surface of a resin sheet 40, and a magnetic field forming pattern on the inner side (preferably the central portion) of the pattern 50.
- a high-frequency coupler 10 (for example, the high-frequency coupler shown in the second embodiment) having a circulation pattern is disposed.
- the magnetic field antenna pattern 50 circulates in a loop shape, and one end 50 a is connected to one end of a line electrode 56 formed on the back surface of the sheet 40 via a via hole conductor 55, and the other end of the line electrode 56 is connected to a via hole conductor 57. And is connected to an electrode 51 formed on the surface of the sheet 40.
- the other end 50b of the magnetic field antenna pattern 50 adjacent to each other and the electrode 51 are connected to a non-contact type IC card type communication circuit unit (not shown).
- the magnetic field antenna pattern 50 functions as a communication antenna by a non-contact type IC card system.
- the resonance frequency of the magnetic field antenna pattern 50 is lower than the communication frequency of the magnetic field formation pattern, and corresponds to 13.56 MHz which is a communication frequency of the non-contact type IC card method.
- a conventionally known wireless IC may be mounted on the other end 50b of the magnetic field antenna pattern 50 and the electrode 51 adjacent to each other.
- communication using a broadband frequency using a magnetic field forming pattern and communication using a non-contact IC card method using a magnetic field antenna pattern 50 can be executed in combination. For example, it is possible to simultaneously receive large amounts of data such as images and music and charge processing at a convenience store.
- the magnetic field antenna pattern 50 is formed by a relatively large loop, if the magnetic field forming pattern and the circular pattern are arranged inside the magnetic antenna pattern 50, the magnetic antenna pattern 50 can be compactly collected. Note that the conventional electric field coupling type coupler requires a ground electrode, and thus cannot be combined with the magnetic field antenna pattern 50.
- a magnetic field forming pattern is disposed at the center of the magnetic field antenna pattern 50.
- the magnetic field forming pattern is extremely small and is difficult to align with the counterpart antenna.
- the relatively large loop magnetic field antenna pattern 50 is easily aligned with the counterpart antenna during communication, and the magnetic field forming pattern is accurately aligned with the counterpart pattern accordingly.
- the alignment of the magnetic field forming pattern can be made accurate by performing alignment using the mark or the like.
- FIG. 13 shows a connection form with a communication circuit unit mounted on a printed circuit board 60 built in a communication device such as a mobile phone.
- the electrode portion 16a (see FIG. 4) of the high-frequency coupler 10 is electrically connected to a communication circuit portion of a communication system using a broadband frequency via a connection pin 61 and a land 62.
- the magnetic field antenna pattern 50 is electrically connected to a non-contact type IC card type communication circuit section via connection pins 63 and lands 64.
- the connection pin 61 of the high frequency coupler 10 does not need to use an expensive high frequency pin, and can be the same as the inexpensive low frequency pin 63.
- reference numeral 3 shown in FIG. 13 is a magnetic sheet having a thickness of about 500 ⁇ m, and the magnetic sheet 3 is planarly viewed from the high-frequency coupler 10 including a magnetic field forming pattern and a circular pattern to the magnetic field antenna pattern 50. overlapping.
- the operational effect is to absorb one of the magnetic fields radiated in both directions perpendicular to the pattern surface and radiate only in the other direction. The influence of a metal part such as a battery built in the mobile phone can be eliminated.
- the high-frequency coupler according to the tenth embodiment has magnetic field forming patterns 1A and 1B arranged close to each other on the surface of a sheet 20, and a circular pattern 2 around the magnetic field forming patterns 1A and 1B. Further, electrodes 15A and 15B are arranged on the back surface of the sheet 20, and basically has the same configuration as that of the third embodiment (see FIG. 6).
- a connecting portion 2d is further formed in the central portion 2c in the length direction of the circuit pattern 2, and the metal plate 70 is electrically connected to the connecting portion 2d via a columnar portion 71. .
- the metal plate 70 is disposed so as to cover the magnetic field forming patterns 1A and 1B and the circulation pattern 2 on the sheet 20 with support columns 72 provided at the four corners.
- the metal plate 70 is electrically connected to the central portion 2c of the circulation pattern 2, an electric field can be transmitted and received in a wide band, and energy transmission efficiency is improved.
- the high-frequency coupler and the communication device according to the present invention are not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be variously modified within the scope of the gist.
- the present invention is useful for a high-frequency coupler and a communication device, and is particularly excellent in that it is small in size and can efficiently perform large-capacity data communication at a short distance.
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Abstract
Description
一定の方向に磁界を形成する磁界形成パターンと、
前記磁界形成パターンの周囲に配置され、磁界形成パターンから発生してパターン面の側方に広がる磁界を遮蔽する周回パターンと、
を備えたことを特徴とする。
一定の方向に磁界を形成する磁界形成パターンと、該磁界形成パターンの周囲に配置され、磁界形成パターンから発生してパターン面の側方に広がる磁界を遮蔽する周回パターンと、からなる高周波結合器と、
データを伝送する高周波信号の処理を行う通信回路部と、
を備えたことを特徴とする。
図1(A)に示すように、コイル状の磁界形成パターン1からは、電流が流れることによって、放射状に磁界が発生する。この磁界はパターン面の側方に広がってしまう。そこで、本発明に係る高周波結合器は、図1(B)に示すように、磁界形成パターン1の周囲につづら折りされた周回パターン2を配置した。この周回パターン2に電流が流れることにより、磁界形成パターン1から放射された磁界のうちパターン面の側方に広がる磁界が周回パターン2によって遮蔽される。これにより、磁界がパターン面とほぼ直交する一定の方向に伸びることになり、指向性を固定し、他の通信装置との干渉がなく、近距離で効率よく高周波信号を伝達することができ、特に、広帯域周波数を使った通信方式などの近距離での大容量のデータ通信に好適に用いることができる。
本発明に係る通信装置は、図3に示すように、前記磁界形成パターン1と周回パターン2を設けた高周波結合器10を通信回路部(送信回路11、受信回路12)と接続したもので、受信回路12に接続されている高周波結合器10を送信回路11に接続されている高周波結合器10に30mm程度に近接させることで、1GHz以上の高周波の広帯域信号を用いる通信方式で大容量データを短時間で送受することができる。
第1実施例である高周波結合器は、図4に示すように、樹脂製のシート20の表面に磁界形成パターン1A,1Bを近接して配置し、該磁界形成パターン1A,1Bの周囲に周回パターン2を配置し、さらに、シート20の裏面に電極15A,15Bを配置したものである。パターン1A,1B,2及び電極15A,15Bは、アルミ箔、銅箔などの導電材からなる金属薄板をシート20上に貼着してパターニングしたり、あるいは、シート20上にAl、Cu、Agなどの導電性ペーストを塗布したり、めっき処理により設けた膜をパターニングすることにより形成される。
第2実施例である高周波結合器は、図5に示すように、基本的には前記第1実施例と同様の構成からなる。第2実施例において特徴的な構成は、周回パターン2の折返し部2bが平面視で異なる周回位置に配置されている。磁界形成パターン1A,1Bから放射された磁界の側方の通過経路が小さくなり、磁界を確実に遮蔽することができる。その他の作用効果は第1実施例と同様である。
第3実施例である高周波結合器は、図6に示すように、基本的には前記第1実施例と同様の構成からなる。第3実施例において特徴的な構成は、磁界形成パターン1A,1Bと線路26との接続点26aを磁界形成パターン1A,1Bの間に引き入れたことである。接続点26aの位置によって磁界形成パターン1A,1Bの磁界結合度が変化し、高周波での反射特性をコントロールできる。本第3実施例のように接続点26aを磁界形成パターン1A,1Bの間に深く位置させると、通過帯域が狭くなる。その他の作用効果は第1実施例と同様である。
第4実施例である高周波結合器は、図7に示すように、基本的には前記第1実施例と同様の構成からなる。第4実施例において特徴的な構成は、周回パターン2の周回数を少なくしたことである。作用効果は第1実施例と同様である。但し、周回パターン2はその線路長が第1実施例と比べて短く、λ/2ではなくなり、ダイポール型ではない。
第5実施例である高周波結合器は、図8に示すように、樹脂製シート20Aの表面に周回パターン2を形成し、その下に位置する樹脂製シート20Bの表面に磁界形成パターン1A,1Bを形成し、シート20Bの裏面に電極15A,15Bを形成し、多層構造としたものである。
第6実施例である高周波結合器は、図9に示すように、前記第5実施例と同様に積層構造としたもので、第1層目に周回パターン2を形成し、第2層目に磁界形成パターン1A,1Bを形成し、第3層目に電極15A,15Bを形成している。なお、図9では樹脂製シートの図示を省略している。
第7実施例である高周波結合器は、図10に示すように、樹脂製シート20の表面のほぼ中央部に磁界形成パターン1を配置し、その周囲を囲むように周回パターン2を配置したもので、磁界形成パターン1の一端に設けた電極部25がシート20の裏面に配置した電極15の電極部16と対向し、コンデンサを形成している。そして、電極15の他端に設けた電極部17が通信回路部と電気的に接続される。
第8実施例である高周波結合器は、図11に示すように、前記第7実施例に示した磁界形成パターン1を周回パターン2の中央部分2cに接続したものである。磁界形成パターン1を周回パターン2に接続する場合は、電流損が生じないように、周回パターン2に切欠き2dを形成する必要がある。本第8実施例の作用効果は第7実施例と同様である。
第9実施例である高周波結合器は、図12に示すように、樹脂製のシート40の表面に磁界アンテナパターン50を形成し、該パターン50の内側(好ましくは中心部分)に磁界形成パターンと周回パターンとからなる高周波結合器10(例えば、前記第2実施例に示した高周波結合器)を配置したものである。磁界アンテナパターン50はループ状に周回しており、一端50aがビアホール導体55を介してシート40の裏面に形成した線路電極56の一端と接続され、該線路電極56の他端はビアホール導体57を介してシート40の表面に形成した電極51と接続されている。互いに隣接する磁界アンテナパターン50の他端50bと電極51とが非接触型ICカード方式の通信回路部(図示せず)に接続されている。これにて、磁界アンテナパターン50が非接触型ICカード方式による通信アンテナとして機能する。磁界アンテナパターン50の共振周波数は磁界形成パターンの通信周波数よりも低く、非接触型ICカード方式の通信周波数である13.56MHzに対応している。
第10実施例である高周波結合器は、図14に示すように、シート20の表面に、磁界形成パターン1A,1Bを近接して配置し、該磁界形成パターン1A,1Bの周囲に周回パターン2を配置し、さらに、シート20の裏面に電極15A,15Bを配置したもので、基本的には前記第3実施例(図6参照)と同様の構成を備えている。本第10実施例では、さらに、周回パターン2の長さ方向の中央部分2cに接続部2dを形成し、該接続部2dに金属板70を柱状部71を介して電気的に接続している。金属板70はその4隅に設けた支柱72にてシート20上に磁界形成パターン1A,1Bや周回パターン2を覆うように配置されている。
なお、本発明に係る高周波結合器及び通信装置は前記実施例に限定するものではなく、その要旨の範囲内で種々に変更できることは勿論である。
2…周回パターン
2a,2b…折返し部
2c…中央部分
3…磁性体シート
10…高周波結合器
11…送信回路
12…受信回路
50…磁界アンテナパターン
60…プリント配線回路基板
61…接続用ピン
62…ランド
70…金属板
Claims (21)
- 一定の方向に磁界を形成する磁界形成パターンと、
前記磁界形成パターンの周囲に配置され、磁界形成パターンから発生してパターン面の側方に広がる磁界を遮蔽する周回パターンと、
を備えたことを特徴とする高周波結合器。 - 前記周回パターンは前記磁界形成パターンに近接して配置され、
互いに隣り合う磁界形成パターン及び周回パターンは、逆向きに周回していること、
を特徴とする請求項1に記載の高周波結合器。 - 前記周回パターンは複数周にわたって周回しており、互いに隣り合う周回パターンは互いに逆向きに周回していること、を特徴とする請求項1又は請求項2に記載の高周波結合器。
- 前記周回パターンは折返し部によって複数周にわたって逆向きに周回しており、該折返し部は平面視で異なる周回位置に配置されていること、を特徴とする請求項3に記載の高周波結合器。
- 前記磁界形成パターンと前記周回パターンとは、周回パターンの長さ方向の中央部分で電気的に接続されていること、を特徴とする請求項1ないし請求項4のいずれかに記載の高周波結合器。
- 前記周回パターンの長さ方向の中央部分に金属板が電気的に接続されていること、を特徴とする請求項1ないし請求項5のいずれかに記載の高周波結合器。
- 前記周回パターンはダイポール型アンテナであることを特徴とする請求項1ないし請求項6のいずれかに記載の高周波結合器。
- 前記周回パターンの長さはλ/2(λ:所定周波数)の整数倍であることを特徴とする請求項1ないし請求項7のいずれかに記載の高周波結合器。
- 前記磁界形成パターンによる磁界形成方向の一方に磁性体が設けられていることを特徴とする請求項1ないし請求項8のいずれかに記載の高周波結合器。
- 前記磁性体は前記磁界形成パターンと平面視で重なっていることを特徴とする請求項9に記載の高周波結合器。
- 前記磁界形成パターンは二つの周回したパターンで構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1ないし請求項10のいずれかに記載の高周波結合器。
- 前記二つのパターンは同方向に周回していることを特徴とする請求項11に記載の高周波結合器。
- 前記二つのパターンは逆方向に周回していることを特徴とする請求項11に記載の高周波結合器。
- 通信信号は1GHz以上の高周波信号であることを特徴とする請求項1ないし請求項13のいずれかに記載の高周波結合器。
- 磁界アンテナパターンをさらに備え、
前記磁界形成パターン及び前記周回パターンは前記磁界アンテナパターンの内側に配置されていること、
を特徴とする請求項1ないし請求項14のいずれかに記載の高周波結合器。 - 前記磁界アンテナパターンの共振周波数は前記磁界形成パターンの通信周波数よりも低いことを特徴とする請求項15に記載の高周波結合器。
- 前記磁界アンテナパターンの中心部分に前記磁界形成パターンが配置されていることを特徴とする請求項15又は請求項16に記載の高周波結合器。
- 前記磁界形成パターンによる磁界形成方向の一方に磁性体が設けられており、該磁性体は前記磁界形成パターンから前記磁界アンテナパターンにまで平面視で重なっていること、を特徴とする請求項15ないし請求項17のいずれかに記載の高周波結合器。
- 一定の方向に磁界を形成する磁界形成パターンと、該磁界形成パターンの周囲に配置され、磁界形成パターンから発生してパターン面の側方に広がる磁界を遮蔽する周回パターンと、からなる高周波結合器と、
データを伝送する高周波信号の処理を行う通信回路部と、
を備えたことを特徴とする通信装置。 - 前記磁界形成パターンの一端部と容量結合している電極が前記通信回路部と電気的に接続されていることを特徴とする請求項19に記載の通信装置。
- 前記電極が前記通信回路部のプリント配線回路基板上のランドに電気的に接続されていることを特徴とする請求項20に記載の通信装置。
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- 2009-12-03 WO PCT/JP2009/070301 patent/WO2010071027A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2009-12-03 DE DE112009003563.9T patent/DE112009003563B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-12-03 CN CN2009801515534A patent/CN102246348B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2011
- 2011-06-14 US US13/159,491 patent/US8193873B2/en active Active
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2012
- 2012-05-03 US US13/462,841 patent/US8400231B2/en active Active
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JP2005051536A (ja) * | 2003-07-29 | 2005-02-24 | Hitachi Kokusai Electric Inc | 2周波共用アンテナ装置 |
JP2007523562A (ja) * | 2004-02-20 | 2007-08-16 | スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー | 無線識別(rfid)通信用多重ループアンテナ |
JP2008160874A (ja) * | 2006-04-14 | 2008-07-10 | Murata Mfg Co Ltd | 無線icデバイス |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2012036221A1 (ja) * | 2010-09-15 | 2012-03-22 | ソニーケミカル&インフォメーションデバイス株式会社 | アンテナ装置、及び、通信装置 |
JP2012065103A (ja) * | 2010-09-15 | 2012-03-29 | Sony Chemical & Information Device Corp | アンテナ装置、及び、通信装置 |
TWI492556B (zh) * | 2011-06-27 | 2015-07-11 | Sony Corp | 通訊裝置與通訊系統 |
US11309668B2 (en) | 2019-08-30 | 2022-04-19 | Rohde & Schwarz Gmbh & Co. Kg | Wideband coupler |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US8193873B2 (en) | 2012-06-05 |
JP5257452B2 (ja) | 2013-08-07 |
CN102246348B (zh) | 2013-12-18 |
KR101230416B1 (ko) | 2013-02-06 |
DE112009003563B4 (de) | 2014-05-08 |
DE112009003563T5 (de) | 2012-09-20 |
US20110241804A1 (en) | 2011-10-06 |
JPWO2010071027A1 (ja) | 2012-05-24 |
US8400231B2 (en) | 2013-03-19 |
US20120218071A1 (en) | 2012-08-30 |
CN102246348A (zh) | 2011-11-16 |
KR20110086590A (ko) | 2011-07-28 |
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