WO2010050124A1 - 光受信機 - Google Patents
光受信機 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010050124A1 WO2010050124A1 PCT/JP2009/005159 JP2009005159W WO2010050124A1 WO 2010050124 A1 WO2010050124 A1 WO 2010050124A1 JP 2009005159 W JP2009005159 W JP 2009005159W WO 2010050124 A1 WO2010050124 A1 WO 2010050124A1
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- dispersion
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- output level
- compensation amount
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/60—Receivers
- H04B10/66—Non-coherent receivers, e.g. using direct detection
- H04B10/67—Optical arrangements in the receiver
- H04B10/671—Optical arrangements in the receiver for controlling the input optical signal
- H04B10/672—Optical arrangements in the receiver for controlling the input optical signal for controlling the power of the input optical signal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/25—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission
- H04B10/2507—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission for the reduction or elimination of distortion or dispersion
- H04B10/2513—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission for the reduction or elimination of distortion or dispersion due to chromatic dispersion
- H04B10/25133—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission for the reduction or elimination of distortion or dispersion due to chromatic dispersion including a lumped electrical or optical dispersion compensator
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B2210/00—Indexing scheme relating to optical transmission systems
- H04B2210/25—Distortion or dispersion compensation
- H04B2210/252—Distortion or dispersion compensation after the transmission line, i.e. post-compensation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an optical receiver, and more particularly to an optical receiver equipped with a variable dispersion compensator.
- wavelength multiplexing WDM
- WDM wavelength multiplexing
- competition for wavelength multiplexing and multi-channels is intensifying.
- 10 Gbit / s is widely used as the maximum transmission rate of each channel, but a 40 Gbit / s transceiver having a transmission rate four times higher has also been introduced.
- chromatic dispersion is the wavelength dependence of the group velocity at which a signal propagates in an optical fiber.
- an optical signal has a very narrow spectral width. For this reason, the optical signal is often referred to as single wavelength light.
- an optical signal has a finite spectrum spread and a wavelength component.
- the dispersion value is not zero, that is, when the wavelength dependence of the propagation velocity (group velocity) of light cannot be ignored, a component that slowly travels and a component that travels fast in an optical fiber appear even in a single light. . That is, due to dispersion, the optical signal waveform gradually spreads along with the fiber transmission. As a result, the optical signal undergoes waveform distortion after fiber transmission, and the reception characteristics deteriorate. Since the amount of dispersion is proportional to the fiber length, the transmission distance is limited as a result.
- the amount of dispersion depends on the type and distance of the optical fiber. In terms of numerical values, in the case of the most common normal dispersion fiber (SMF: Single Mode Fiber) as the installed optical fiber, the dispersion amount is approximately 17 ps / nm / km. In a 10 Gbit / s transmission system, the dispersion tolerance of an optical signal is about 1000 ps / nm. Therefore, in the case of SMF, if the transmission path length is 60 km or more, the transmission system cannot receive due to the influence of waveform distortion. The influence of dispersion is inversely proportional to the square of the signal bit rate. That is, in a 40 Gbit / s transmission system, it becomes 1/16 of the above-mentioned value, and only a few km transmission can be achieved without measures against dispersion.
- SMF Single Mode Fiber
- Dispersion compensator is generally used as a technique to avoid the influence of waveform distortion due to dispersion.
- the dispersion compensator is an optical device having a dispersion characteristic with the opposite sign to the dispersion characteristic of the optical fiber in the transmission path. This dispersion compensator can cancel the dispersion in the optical fiber and suppress the waveform distortion due to the dispersion.
- a dispersion compensating fiber (DCF: Dispersion Compensation Fiber) is most used as the dispersion compensator.
- the dispersion compensating fiber is an optical fiber in which dispersion characteristics opposite to those of the optical fiber in the transmission path are maintained by devising the material and structure of the fiber.
- the dispersion compensator includes a type that also cancels the dispersion wavelength dependence (dispersion slope) of the optical fiber in the transmission line.
- the amount of DCF dispersion compensation is determined by the length of the DCF. Therefore, once the length is determined and the fiber length is fixed, the dispersion compensation amount is also fixed.
- Such a dispersion compensator is called a fixed dispersion compensator in the sense that the dispersion compensation amount is fixed.
- the fixed dispersion compensator is generally a fiber grating in addition to the DCF described above.
- the fiber grating is formed by irradiating an optical fiber with ultraviolet rays to form a refractive index changing structure in the wavelength order of light inside the optical fiber.
- the refractive index changing structure behaves like a grating (diffraction grating), and acts as a reflection mirror at a specific wavelength.
- the refractive index changing structure is formed so that the period becomes narrower (or wider) with respect to the axial direction of the optical fiber.
- the fiber grating can adjust the amount of delay during reflection for each wavelength. Accordingly, by appropriately designing this period, the fiber grating can cancel the dispersion characteristics of the optical fiber in the transmission line.
- a fiber grating capable of dispersion compensation is called a chirped fiber grating (CFBG).
- the dispersion tolerance is very narrow at less than 65 ps / nm. For this reason, fine adjustment according to the length of the transmission fiber is difficult for the fixed dispersion compensator. Also, when considering a WDM system, it is necessary to consider not only the dispersion compensation amount but also the dispersion slope.
- the dispersion slope is the wavelength dependence of the dispersion compensation amount itself. In other words, the wavelength dependency of the dispersion compensation amount is a difference in dispersion amount for each signal wavelength in the WDM signal.
- variable dispersion compensator having a variable dispersion compensation amount
- VIPA Virtual Image Phase Array
- diffraction grating disclosed in Patent Document 1
- a method of forming a temperature gradient in the axial direction of the CFBG is also well known.
- the dispersion compensation amount is variable by controlling the temperature gradient.
- an adaptive control circuit In order to control the dispersion compensation amount of the tunable dispersion compensator to the optimum value, an adaptive control circuit is required.
- the adaptive control circuit feedback-controls the tunable dispersion compensator so that the reception characteristic data at the receiver becomes an optimum value.
- FIG. 1 As such a control circuit, there is FIG.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an optical receiver schematically reconfiguring FIG. 1, the optical receiver includes a tunable dispersion compensator 201, a photodiode (PD) 202, a clock data recovery circuit (CDR: Clock Data Recovery) 203, and an automatic equalization control unit 208.
- the automatic equalization control unit 208 includes an error detection circuit 204, an identification voltage control unit 205, a dispersion amount control circuit 206, and a noise light generator 207.
- a bit error rate (BER) is used as reception characteristic data.
- This optical receiver multiplexes the noise light generated by the noise light generator 207 with the optical signal input to the tunable dispersion compensator 201.
- the PD 202 converts the optical signal that has passed through the tunable dispersion compensator 201 into an electrical signal.
- the clock data recovery circuit 203 identifies the clock and data.
- the error detection circuit 204 detects a signal error and calculates a BER.
- the dispersion amount control circuit 206 controls the tunable dispersion compensator 201 so that the code error rate is minimized.
- Patent Document 3 discloses an optical transmitter and an optical receiver that use differential quadrature phase shift keying (DQPSK).
- the sensitivity to the dispersion of the reception characteristic data becomes important.
- the influence of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the received signal is important. This is because BER theoretically decreases monotonously with respect to SNR, and therefore, when SNR is sufficiently high, that is, when signal power is sufficiently large with respect to noise, BER takes a very small value. In this case, the frequency of occurrence of errors is about one for several hours to several days. That is, the error rate may be too low for feedback control based on the BER value.
- the present invention provides an optical receiver capable of accurately setting a dispersion compensation value of a tunable dispersion compensator.
- the above-described problems include a variable dispersion compensator that can adjust the dispersion compensation amount for the received optical signal, an optical output level adjuster that adjusts the output level of the optical signal that has been dispersion-compensated by the variable dispersion compensator, and the optical output.
- the optical signal whose output level is adjusted by the level adjuster is converted into an electrical signal, and the dispersion compensation amount of the variable dispersion compensator is adjusted, and optical signal reception quality information is obtained from the electrical signal converted by the photodiode.
- This can be achieved by an optical receiver having a control unit that adjusts the output level of the optical output level adjuster based on the reception quality information.
- an optical output level adjuster for adjusting the output level of the received optical signal
- a variable dispersion compensator capable of adjusting the dispersion compensation amount for the optical signal whose output level has been adjusted by the optical output level adjuster
- the variable dispersion Receive optical signal reception quality information from the electrical signal converted by the photodiode by adjusting the dispersion compensation amount of the photodiode and the variable dispersion compensator that converts the optical signal that has been dispersion-compensated by the compensator into an electrical signal.
- This can be achieved by an optical receiver having a control unit that adjusts the output level of the optical output level adjuster based on the reception quality information.
- variable dispersion compensator can be controlled with a simple configuration.
- FIG. 2 shows the measurement results using the optical SNR (OSNR: Optical SNR) as a parameter for the relationship between the dispersion compensation amount and the error rate (BER) in a 40 Gbit / s, DQPSK signal.
- OSNR Optical SNR
- the characteristic curve draws a locus similar to a parabola, and it can be easily determined that the optimum value of the dispersion compensation amount that minimizes the error rate is in the vicinity of 0 ps / nm.
- the OSNR is 30 dB, the error rate becomes 1E-12 or less over a dispersion compensation amount of ⁇ 220 ps / nm to 250 ps / nm.
- the error rate is defined by the number of bit errors per second. Therefore, an error rate of 1E-12 corresponds to an error of once every 250 seconds (1 / (40 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 9 ⁇ 10 ⁇ -12)). Considering the actual system operation, the monitor integration time for feedback control of the dispersion compensator is several seconds at the longest. If the error rate is lower than 1E-12, the error is uniformly zero, that is, there is no significant difference. It is determined that there is none. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the control input information is saturated and stuck to the bottom over a dispersion compensation amount of ⁇ 220 ps / nm to 250 ps / nm.
- FIG. 3A shows a point-to-point network configuration.
- each optical node 151 is connected on a straight line by an optical fiber 152.
- Each optical node 151 is connected to a plurality of external communication devices (not shown) represented by a router.
- a plurality of external communication devices can communicate with each other through remote communication devices via this optical network.
- the optical nodes 151 at both ends receive a plurality of optical signals and convert them into a plurality of electrical signals.
- the optical node is configured by a WDM device that transmits and receives a plurality of signals having different wavelengths by multiplexing and demultiplexing.
- some optical signals may be transmitted (added) or received (dropped). That is, the optical node 151 may be configured by an optical add / drop device (OADM: Optical / Add / Drop Multiplexer).
- OADM optical add / drop device
- FIG. 3B shows a star network configuration.
- FIG. 3C shows a ring network configuration.
- each optical node 151 is similarly configured by a WDM device or an OADM device.
- FIG. 3D shows a mesh network configuration.
- each optical node 151 is similarly configured by a WDM device, an OADM device, or an optical cross-connect device.
- the optical transmission system includes an optical node 151-1, an optical node 151A, an optical node 151-2, and an optical fiber 111 that connects them.
- the optical node 151-1 and the optical node 151-2 of the terminal station are WDM devices.
- the WDM apparatus includes a transponder 105 and a WDM transmission / reception apparatus 110.
- the optical node 151A of the relay station is composed of a WDM relay device 113.
- the transponder 105 includes a local side receiver (Rx) 101, a WDM side transmitter (Tx) 102, a WDM side receiver 103, and a local side transmitter 104.
- the WDM transceiver 110 includes a multiplexer 106, a transmission optical amplifier (optical amplifier) 107, a reception optical amplifier 108, and a duplexer 109.
- the WDM repeater 113 is composed of a bidirectional repeater optical amplifier 112.
- the local side receiver 101a inside the transponder 105 receives the signal from the router side.
- the local receiver 101a performs frame conversion and error correction code addition according to the specifications on the WDM side.
- the WDM transmitter 102a performs optical modulation.
- the WDM side transmitter 102a outputs at a wavelength on an appropriate grid on the WDM side.
- the multiplexer 106a wavelength-multiplexes the optical signals from the plurality of WDM side transmitters 102a to form a WDM signal.
- the transmission optical amplifier 107a amplifies the WDM signal and outputs it to the optical fiber 111a.
- the WDM relay device 113 is inserted at an appropriate time, and the reduced optical power is restored.
- the received optical amplifier 108a amplifies the WDM signal that has reached the WDM transmitting / receiving device 110 facing the receiver.
- the demultiplexer 109a demultiplexes the WDM signal for each wavelength.
- the WDM side receiver 103a inside the transponder 105 performs optical demodulation (conversion to an electrical signal), decoding of an apology correction code, and a frame suitable for an external device according to specifications.
- the local-side transmitter 104a converts it again into an optical signal and transmits it to an external communication device such as a router. The same applies to the opposite signal from right to left in FIG. 4, that is, the signal flow from the local receiver 101b to the local transmitter 104b.
- the optical node 151 may be composed of an OADM device 117.
- the optical node 151B is composed of a transponder 105 and an OADM device 117.
- the OADM device 117 includes a bidirectional reception optical amplifier 108, a demultiplexer 109, a multiplexer 106, and a transmission optical amplifier 107.
- the OADM apparatus 117 connects through a part of the wavelength-multiplexed signals through the through optical line 114 without going through the transponder 105.
- the OADM device 117 also connects some of the WDM signals to the transponder 105 via the add line 115 and the drop line 116.
- a WDM side optical receiver 103 includes a tunable dispersion compensator 11, an optical amplifier 12, a photodiode (PD) 13, a clock data recovery circuit (CDR) 14, a digital signal processing unit 15, a control circuit 17, a dispersion amount.
- a control circuit 18 and an output control circuit 19 are included.
- the tunable dispersion compensator 11 performs dispersion compensation with a desired dispersion compensation amount.
- the optical amplifier 12 amplifies light to a desired light level.
- the photodiode 13 converts an optical signal into an electric signal.
- the output electrical signal of the photodiode 13 is an electrical analog signal obtained by directly converting an optical signal analogized by the transmission path.
- the clock data recovery circuit 14 extracts a clock from this electrical analog signal and restores digital data (converts it into digital data) by a discriminator.
- the digital signal processing unit 15 performs error correction code (FEC: ForwardForError ⁇ Correction code) decoding processing and frame processing on the digital signal output from the CDR 14.
- FEC ForwardForError ⁇ Correction code
- the control circuit 17 controls the dispersion amount control circuit 18 to control the dispersion compensation amount of the variable dispersion compensator 11.
- the control circuit 17 controls the output control circuit 19 to control the output power of the optical amplifier 12.
- the digital signal processing unit 15 transmits the electrical signal after the frame processing to the local transmitter 104.
- the control circuit 17 uses a code error rate (BER) as reception quality information.
- the code error rate is calculated by the digital signal processing unit 15 from the number of errors before correction by an error correction code (FEC). It can also be calculated from bit interleaved parity (BIP) provided in overhead in various frames of SDH, SONET, and OTN.
- FEC error correction code
- BIP bit interleaved parity
- the control unit 17 acquires the code error rate (BER) for each dispersion compensation amount as reception quality information each time the dispersion compensation amount of the tunable dispersion compensator 11 is changed in a predetermined step (S501).
- the step width of the dispersion compensation amount is determined on a case-by-case basis in consideration of the transmission rate, the modulation method, the setting resolution of the tunable dispersion compensator 11 itself, and the like. Here, it is set to 10 ps / nm.
- the fixed step width is not necessarily a fixed step width, and a variable step width that changes the step width in a timely manner according to the value of the reception quality information may be considered.
- the code error rate is obtained by the digital signal processing unit 15.
- the control unit 17 determines the lower limit D1 and the upper limit of the dispersion compensation amount satisfying “measured code error rate” ⁇ “predetermined reference code error rate” from the obtained dispersion compensation amount vs. code error rate characteristic.
- D2 is calculated (S502).
- the initial SNR value is 30 dB.
- the “predetermined standard code error rate” is “1E-8”
- the control unit 17 determines whether or not
- the predetermined reference width ⁇ D of the dispersion region is a value representing the accuracy of dispersion compensation. If this width is narrow, highly accurate dispersion compensation is realized. This value is also determined on a case-by-case basis in consideration of the transmission rate, modulation method, setting resolution of the tunable dispersion compensator 11 itself, transmission design contents such as fiber length, number of spans, and fiber input power.
- ⁇ D 100 ps / nm. Since
- 500 ps / nm, the determination result here is NO.
- control unit 17 decreases the output level of the optical amplifier 12 and decreases the SNR at the photodiode 13 (S504).
- S504 the control unit 17 decreases the SNR at the photodiode 13.
- the noise figure of the optical amplifier 12 is independent of the output level, the optical noise level also changes by the same amount when the output level of the optical amplifier 12 is changed. Absent.
- the noise at the photodiode output is (1) signal shot noise, (2) optical noise shot noise, (3) optical signal and optical noise beat noise, (4) optical noise and optical noise beat noise, and (5)
- the circuit noise (thermal noise) of the photodiode is the main noise.
- (1), (2), (3), and (4) are noises that vary depending on the input power to the photodiode. In general, when light is incident on a photodiode with an appropriate input power, the optical signal (3) and beat noise of optical noise become dominant noise.
- This state is generally called the beat noise limit.
- the dominant noise will be reduced if the input power is further reduced.
- Thermal noise is generated. That is, by reducing the input power to a region where (3) the optical signal, beat noise of the optical noise, and (5) thermal noise are about the same, and adjusting the input power in the vicinity, the output level of the optical amplifier 12 is reduced.
- the SNR can also be adjusted by changing it. In general, (5) the input level at which the thermal noise becomes dominant and the transmission quality deteriorates becomes the reception sensitivity of the photodiode. Therefore, the output level of the optical amplifier 12 is changed by lowering the level near the reception sensitivity. The SNR can be adjusted.
- control unit 17 reduces the output level of the optical amplifier 12 and reduces the effective SNR to 20 dB.
- the control unit 17 remeasures the distributed vs. code error rate.
- ⁇ D is 60 ps / nm ⁇ 100 ps / nm, and the determination result is YES.
- the control unit 17 calculates the optimum dispersion compensation amount by (D2 + D1) / 2, and the optimum dispersion compensation amount is derived as +10 ps / nm. This value is set in the dispersion compensator 11 (S505).
- the output level of the optical amplifier 12 is returned to the initial initial value (S506), and the process ends.
- the initial value means that the reduced output level of the optical amplifier 12 is set to a value at which adjustment of the dispersion compensation amount of the dispersion compensator 11 is started.
- connection order of the optical amplifier 12 and the tunable dispersion compensator 11 is arbitrary. Even if the optical amplifier 12 is installed upstream of the tunable dispersion compensator 11, changing the output level of the optical amplifier 12 does not change the input level of the photodiode 13. Further, the case where the optical amplifier 12 is installed both upstream and downstream of the tunable dispersion compensator 11 is also effective.
- the WDM side optical receiver 103B includes a tunable dispersion compensator 11, a tunable optical attenuator 20, a photodiode (PD) 13, a clock data recovery circuit (CDR) 14, a digital signal processing unit 15, a control circuit 17,
- the dispersion amount control circuit 18 and the output control circuit 19 are configured.
- the variable optical attenuator 20 reduces the input level to the photodiode 13.
- the variable optical attenuator 20 adjusts the SNR by reducing the input level to the photodiode 13.
- the procedure may be replaced with step 504 in FIG. 7 when the output of the variable optical attenuator is decreased.
- the optical amplifier in FIG. 6 and the variable optical attenuator in FIG. 8 are both optical output level adjusters.
- the optical output level adjuster includes, but is not limited to, an optical amplifier and a variable optical attenuator.
- the above-described embodiment is particularly effective for a 40 Gbit / s receiver.
- the noise amounts (1) to (5) described above are all proportional to the electric signal band. It is desirable to narrow the electric signal band as much as possible. However, if it is narrower than the signal frequency, necessary information is not transmitted. That is, the electric signal band is proportional to the signal bit rate.
- the 40 Gbit / s receiver is four times as much as the 10 Gbit / s receiver, that is, the 6 dB reception sensitivity deteriorates in principle. Furthermore, in an actual photodiode or an analog electric circuit in the front end portion, a factor of further deterioration in sensitivity occurs due to waveform deterioration or efficiency reduction.
- the amount of degradation in reception sensitivity is 6 dB or more.
- sensitivity degradation increases in minimum received optical power
- the ease of implementation of the example is further increased.
- differential binary phase modulation (DBPSK: Differential Binary Phase Shift Shift Keying, DPSK: Differential PSK)
- DBPSK Differential Binary Phase Shift Shift Keying
- DPSK Differential PSK
- differential quaternary phase modulation is used to further increase transmission distance and stabilize characteristics.
- DQPSK Differential Binary Phase Shift Shift Keying
- FIG. 9 shows the configuration of the optical receiver in the case of DBPSK.
- FIG. 10 shows the configuration of the optical receiver in the case of DQPSK.
- the DBPSK optical receiver 103C includes an optical amplifier 12, a variable dispersion compensator 11, a delay detector 21, a balanced photodiode 22, a CDR circuit 14, a digital signal processing unit 15, a control circuit 17, and a dispersion amount control circuit. 18 and an output control circuit 19.
- the delay detector 21 is a 1-input 2-output delay interferometer.
- the balanced photodiode 22 is a photodetector with two inputs and one output.
- a DQPSK optical receiver 103D includes an optical amplifier 12, a variable dispersion compensator 11, an optical coupler 23, two delay detectors 21, two balanced photodiodes 22, two CDR circuits 14, digital The signal processing unit 15, the control circuit 17, the dispersion amount control circuit 18, and the output control circuit 19 are configured.
- the optical coupler 23 divides the output of the tunable dispersion compensator 11 into two and outputs it to the two delay detectors 21.
- the delay detector 21-1 and the delay detector 21-2 differ in delay amount and the like.
- the detailed configurations of the delay detector 21 and the balanced photodiode 22 are described in Patent Document 3.
- the delay detector 21 since the delay detector 21 is installed upstream of the balanced photodiode 22, the input level to the photodiode further decreases. In addition, an operation for lowering the level to the vicinity of the above-described reception sensitivity is facilitated. Furthermore, in the DQPSK optical receiver of FIG. 10, an optical coupler 23 for distributing the optical signal to the two systems of the delay detector 21 is required. For this reason, a loss of 3 dB is added to the upstream of the photodiode 22 in principle, and the operation of lowering the level to near the receiving sensitivity is further facilitated.
- the output level of the optical amplifier or the optical attenuator is lowered to reduce the SNR in the optical receiver.
- the dispersion region where the measurement of the code error rate is difficult is narrowed, and the dispersion compensation amount can be obtained with a desired accuracy.
- the output level of the optical amplifier or the optical attenuator is reduced.
- the dispersion compensator can be controlled.
- Example 2 will be described with reference to FIG.
- the control circuit 17 uses the success / failure result of the clock extraction as the reception quality information. That is, if the optical waveform is distorted due to dispersion and the clock signal cannot be extracted from the converted electrical analog waveform by the CDR circuit 14, this determination result is negative.
- the digital signal processing unit 15 determines whether or not the clock extraction is successful.
- the control circuit 17 acquires the result of clock extraction for each dispersion compensation amount as reception quality information each time the dispersion compensation amount of the tunable dispersion compensator 11 is changed by a predetermined step width (S601). As with the first embodiment, the control circuit 17 determines the step width of the dispersion compensation amount on a case-by-case basis in consideration of the transmission rate, the modulation method, the setting resolution of the variable dispersion compensator 11 itself, and the like. To do.
- the control circuit 17 calculates the lower limit D1 and the upper limit D2 of the dispersion compensation amount “successfully extracted clock” from the obtained dispersion compensation amount vs. clock extraction success / failure characteristics (S602).
- the control circuit 17 determines whether or not
- the control circuit 17 is determined on a case-by-case basis.
- the control circuit 17 decreases the output level of the optical amplifier 12, decreases the SNR at the photodiode 13, and re-evaluates D1 and D2. (S604).
- the control circuit 17 calculates the optimum dispersion compensation amount by (D2 + D1) / 2, and derives the optimum dispersion compensation amount as +10 ps / nm. The control circuit 17 sets this value in the dispersion compensator 11 (S605). Finally, the control circuit 17 returns the output level of the optical amplifier 12 to the initial initial value (S606) and ends.
- control is performed based on digital information “success / failure of clock extraction”. Therefore, the control accuracy is higher than in the first embodiment. However, since the calculation is unnecessary, the control speed is higher than that of the first embodiment.
- Example 3 will be described with reference to FIG.
- the control circuit 17 uses the success / failure result of the frame synchronization in the digital signal processing unit 15 as the reception quality information. That is, if the optical waveform is distorted due to dispersion and frame synchronization cannot be performed from the converted electric digital waveform, this determination result is negative.
- the control circuit 17 obtains frame synchronization success / failure results for each dispersion compensation amount as reception quality information each time the dispersion compensation amount of the tunable dispersion compensator 11 is changed by a predetermined step width (S701). As in the case of the first embodiment, the control circuit 17 determines the dispersion compensation amount step width on a case-by-case basis in consideration of the transmission rate, the modulation method, the set resolution of the variable dispersion compensator 11 itself, and the like.
- the control circuit 17 calculates the lower limit D1 and the upper limit D2 of the dispersion compensation amount “successfully frame synchronized” from the obtained dispersion compensation amount vs. frame synchronization success / failure characteristics (S702).
- the control circuit 17 determines whether or not
- the control circuit 17 considers the transmission rate, modulation method, setting resolution of the tunable dispersion compensator 11 itself, transmission design contents such as the fiber length, the number of spans, and the fiber input power. And decided on a case-by-case basis.
- ⁇ D is NO, the control circuit 17 decreases the output level of the optical amplifier 12, decreases the SNR at the photodiode 13, and re-evaluates D1 and D2. Implement (S704).
- the control circuit 17 calculates the optimal dispersion compensation amount as (D2 + D1) / 2, and derives the optimal dispersion compensation amount as +10 ps / nm. The control circuit 17 sets this value in the dispersion compensator 11 (S705). Finally, the control circuit 17 returns the output level of the optical amplifier 12 to the initial initial value (S706) and ends.
- control is performed based on digital information “success / failure of frame synchronization”.
- the control accuracy can be improved as compared with the method using the success or failure of clock extraction. Therefore, both the control speed and the control accuracy have intermediate performance between the first and second embodiments.
- the reception characteristic result such as the code error rate, the clock synchronization availability, or the frame synchronization availability can be reduced by reducing the output level of the optical amplifier or the optical attenuator.
- an optical receiver capable of controlling the tunable dispersion compensator with a simple configuration can be realized.
- an optical receiver capable of controlling the variable dispersion compensator with high accuracy without mounting a new optical component can be realized.
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Abstract
Description
特許文献3は、差動4値位相変調(DQPSK:Differential Quadrature Phase Shift Keying)を用いる光送信機と光受信機を開示している。
本発明は、可変分散補償器の分散補償値を精度良く設定可能な光受信機を提供する。
図3Dは、メッシュ型ネットワーク構成である。図3Dにおいて、各光ノード151は、同様にWDM装置、OADM装置または光クロスコネクト装置よって構成されている。
図4の右から左への対向信号、すなわちローカル側受信機101bからローカル側送信機104bに至る信号の流れも同様である。
なお、図6の光アンプ、図8の可変光アッテネータは、ともに光出力レベル調整器である。逆に、光出力レベル調整器は、光アンプ、可変光アッテネータを含み、これらに限られない。
Claims (12)
- 受信した光信号に対する分散補償量を調節可能な可変分散補償器と、
前記可変分散補償器で分散補償された前記光信号の出力レベルを調整する光出力レベル調整器と、
この光出力レベル調整器により出力レベル調整された前記光信号を電気信号に変換するフォトダイオードと、
前記可変分散補償器の分散補償量を調節し、前記フォトダイオードにより変換された電気信号から前記光信号の受信品質情報を取得し、この受信品質情報に基づいて前記光出力レベル調整器の出力レベルを調節する制御部とを有することを特徴とする光受信機。 - 受信した光信号の出力レベルを調整する光出力レベル調整器と、
この光出力レベル調整器において出力レベル調整された前記光信号に対する分散補償量を調節可能な可変分散補償器と、
この可変分散補償器で分散補償を実施された前記光信号を電気信号に変換するフォトダイオードと、
前記可変分散補償器の分散補償量を調節し、前記フォトダイオードにより変換された電気信号から前記光信号の受信品質情報を取得し、この受信品質情報に基づいて前記光出力レベル調整器の出力レベルを調節する制御部とを有することを特徴とする光受信機。 - 請求項1に記載の光受信機であって、
前記受信品質情報は、前記フォトダイオードにより変換された前記電気信号の符号誤り率であり、
前記制御部は、
前記可変分散補償器により、前記光信号の分散補償量を変化させていき、分散補償量ごとに前記電気信号の符号誤り率を検出し、
前記検出した符号誤り率が、予め設定した基準の符号誤り率未満となる分散領域を求め、
この分散領域が予め設定された分散領域の基準幅より広い場合、前記光出力レベル調整器の出力レベルを低下させ、
再度、前記可変分散補償器により、前記光信号の分散補償量を変化させていき、分散補償量ごとに前記電気信号の符号誤り率を検出し、
再度検出した前記電気信号の符号誤り率が、予め設定した基準の符号誤り率未満となる第2の分散領域を求めることを特徴とする光受信機。 - 請求項3に記載の光受信機であって、
前記制御部は、
前記第2の分散領域が前記基準幅未満である場合、
前記第2の分散領域の上限値と、下限値との中間値を求め、この中間値を前記可変分散補償器の分散補償量となるように設定することを特徴とする光受信機。 - 請求項4に記載の光受信機であって、
前記制御部は、
前記中間値を前記可変分散補償器の分散補償量となるように設定した後に、前記光出力レベル調整器の出力レベルを初期出力レベルに戻すことを特徴とする光受信機。 - 請求項1に記載の光受信機であって、
前記光信号を変換した電気信号に対し、誤り訂正符号を用いた復号化と、フレーム処理とを行なう信号処理部をさらに有し、
前記信号処理部は、誤り訂正符号による訂正前の信号の誤り数から前記符号誤り率を算出することを特徴とする光受信機。 - 請求項1に記載の光受信機であって、
前記光信号を変換した電気信号に対し、クロックの抽出とアナログデータの復元とを行なうクロックデータリカバリ回路をさらに有し、
前記受信品質情報は、前記クロックデータリカバリ回路でのクロック抽出の成否結果であり、
前記制御部は、
前記可変分散補償器により、前記光信号の分散補償量を変化させていき、分散補償量ごとに前記クロックデータリカバリ回路でクロック抽出が成功したかを検出し、
前記クロックデータリカバリ回路でクロック抽出が成功した分散領域を求め、
この分散領域が予め設定された分散領域の基準幅より広い場合、前記光出力レベル調整器の出力レベルを低下させ、
再度、前記可変分散補償器により、前記光信号の分散補償量を変化させていき、前記クロックデータリカバリ回路でクロック抽出が成功したかを検出し、
前記クロックデータリカバリ回路でクロック抽出が成功した第2の分散領域を求めることを特徴とする光受信機。 - 請求項7に記載の光受信機であって、
前記制御部は、
前記第2の分散領域が前記基準幅未満である場合、
前記第2の分散領域の上限値と、下限値の中間値を求め、この中間値を前記可変分散補償器の分散補償量となるように設定することを特徴とする光受信機。 - 請求項8に記載の光受信機であって、
前記制御部は、
前記中間値を前記可変分散補償器の分散補償量となるように設定した後に、前記光出力レベル調整器の出力レベルを初期の出力レベルに戻すことを特徴とする光受信機。 - 請求項1に記載の光受信機であって、
前記光信号を変換した電気信号に対し、誤り訂正符号によるの復号化とフレーム処理とを行なう信号処理部を有し、
前記受信品質情報は、前記信号処理部でのフレーム同期の成否結果であり、
前記制御部は、
前記可変分散補償器の分散補償量を変化させていき、分散補償量毎に前記信号処理部でフレーム同期が成功したかを検出し、
前記信号処理部でフレーム同期が成功した分散領域を求め、
この分散領域が予め設定された分散領域の基準幅より広い場合、前記光出力レベル調整器の出力レベルを低下させ、
再度、前記可変分散補償器の分散補償量を変化させていき、分散補償量毎に前記信号処理部でフレーム同期が成功したかを検出し、
前記信号処理部でフレーム同期が成功した第2の分散領域を求めることを特徴とする光受信機。 - 請求項10に記載の光受信機であって、
前記制御部は、
前記第2の分散領域が前記基準幅未満である場合、
前記分散領域の上限値と、下限値の中間値を求め、この中間値を前記可変分散補償器の分散補償量となるように設定することを特徴とする光受信機。 - 請求項11に記載の光受信機であって、
前記制御部は、
前記中間値を前記可変分散補償器の分散補償量となるように設定した後に、前記光出力レベル調整器の出力レベルを初期の出力レベルに戻すことを特徴とする光受信機。
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JP5533034B2 (ja) * | 2010-03-01 | 2014-06-25 | 富士通株式会社 | 光受信装置及びクロック生成方法 |
US10404397B2 (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2019-09-03 | Adva Optical Networking Se | Wavelength division multiplexed telecommunication system with automatic compensation of chromatic dispersion |
US10491299B2 (en) * | 2016-03-15 | 2019-11-26 | Oe Solutions America, Inc. | Electronic dispersion compensation methods and implementations using RLC filter synthesis |
US10122460B2 (en) | 2017-01-13 | 2018-11-06 | Adva Optical Networking Se | Method and apparatus for automatic compensation of chromatic dispersion |
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