WO2010035512A1 - Vending machine - Google Patents

Vending machine Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010035512A1
WO2010035512A1 PCT/JP2009/052471 JP2009052471W WO2010035512A1 WO 2010035512 A1 WO2010035512 A1 WO 2010035512A1 JP 2009052471 W JP2009052471 W JP 2009052471W WO 2010035512 A1 WO2010035512 A1 WO 2010035512A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
refrigerant
heating
heat exchanger
solenoid valve
condenser
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2009/052471
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
敏章 土屋
浩司 滝口
尚紀 井下
真 石田
正樹 藤波
Original Assignee
富士電機リテイルシステムズ株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 富士電機リテイルシステムズ株式会社 filed Critical 富士電機リテイルシステムズ株式会社
Priority to CN200980111971.0A priority Critical patent/CN101983392B/en
Priority to KR1020107021973A priority patent/KR101286436B1/en
Publication of WO2010035512A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010035512A1/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • G07F11/00—Coin-freed apparatus for dispensing, or the like, discrete articles
    • G07F11/02—Coin-freed apparatus for dispensing, or the like, discrete articles from non-movable magazines
    • G07F11/04—Coin-freed apparatus for dispensing, or the like, discrete articles from non-movable magazines in which magazines the articles are stored one vertically above the other
    • G07F11/10—Coin-freed apparatus for dispensing, or the like, discrete articles from non-movable magazines in which magazines the articles are stored one vertically above the other two or more magazines having a common delivery chute
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B29/00—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously
    • F25B29/003—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously of the compression type system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B5/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity
    • F25B5/02—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity arranged in parallel
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • G07F17/00—Coin-freed apparatus for hiring articles; Coin-freed facilities or services
    • G07F17/0064—Coin-freed apparatus for hiring articles; Coin-freed facilities or services for processing of food articles
    • G07F17/0071—Food articles which need to be processed for dispensing in a cold condition, e.g. ice and ice cream
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • G07F9/00—Details other than those peculiar to special kinds or types of apparatus
    • G07F9/10—Casings or parts thereof, e.g. with means for heating or cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/04—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means
    • F25B2400/0403—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means for the condenser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/25—Control of valves
    • F25B2600/2511—Evaporator distribution valves

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a vending machine that sells a product such as a beverage, such as a can, a bottle, a pack, or a plastic bottle, which is cooled or heated in a refrigerant circuit for sale.
  • a product such as a beverage, such as a can, a bottle, a pack, or a plastic bottle, which is cooled or heated in a refrigerant circuit for sale.
  • this vending machine uses the internal heat exchanger as the internal heat exchanger during cooling, and as the condenser during heating, and switches the solenoid valve depending on the cooling heating operation mode of the vending machine.
  • the flow of the refrigerant to the heat exchanger inside the warehouse is changed. Therefore, an operation mode in which the refrigerant flows from the upper side to the lower side in the heat exchanger is acceptable, but in another operation mode, the refrigerant flows from the lower side to the upper side of the heat exchanger. It stays below the heat exchanger.
  • the compressor is insufficiently lubricated and the compressor may cause a high temperature abnormality such as seizure.
  • the present invention solves the above-described problems, suppresses high temperature abnormality of the compressor by circulating the refrigerant circuit without refrigeration oil staying in the heat exchanger, and
  • An object is to provide a vending machine capable of enhancing the reliability of driving.
  • the vending machine has a plurality of product storages for cooling and heating, and selectively cools the product storages according to the cooling and heating operation mode.
  • a vending machine for heating A compressor that compresses the refrigerant, a condenser that is provided outside the refrigerator and that condenses the refrigerant supplied from the compressor via a condenser solenoid valve, an expander that expands the refrigerant, and each product storage
  • a distributor that distributes the refrigerant, a plurality of internal heat exchangers that cool or heat each of the commodity storage boxes with the refrigerant that is supplied from each of the distributors via the internal inlet solenoid valve, and the internal heat It has a refrigerant circulation circuit composed of a condenser that collects the refrigerant from the exchanger via the inside outlet solenoid valve and returns it to the compressor, and uses the inside heat exchanger as an evaporator and a condenser for cooling and heating.
  • Vending machines The flow direction of the refrigerant flowing through the internal heat exchanger when the internal heat exchanger is used as an evaporator, with the refrigerant inlet and the refrigerant outlet positioned at the upper and lower portions of the piping of the internal heat exchanger And the piping is connected so that the flow direction of the refrigerant flowing through the internal heat exchanger when used as a condenser is the same.
  • a vending machine is the heating inlet electromagnetic valve according to the first aspect, wherein the refrigerant outlet of the compressor is connected in parallel with the condenser electromagnetic valve in addition to the refrigerant circulation circuit.
  • the vending machine of claim 1 is a vending machine having a plurality of cooling and heating product storages, and selectively cooling or heating the product storages according to the cooling and heating operation mode.
  • a compressor that compresses the refrigerant, a condenser that is provided outside the refrigerator and that condenses the refrigerant supplied from the compressor via a condenser solenoid valve, an expander that expands the refrigerant, and each product storage
  • a distributor that distributes the refrigerant, a plurality of internal heat exchangers that cool or heat each of the commodity storage boxes with the refrigerant that is supplied from each of the distributors via the internal inlet solenoid valve, and the internal heat It has a refrigerant circulation circuit composed of a condenser that collects the refrigerant from the exchanger via the inside outlet solenoid valve and returns it to the compressor, and uses the inside heat exchanger as an evaporator and a condenser for cooling and heating.
  • Vending machines The flow direction of the refrigerant flowing through the internal heat exchanger when the internal heat exchanger is used as an evaporator and the flow direction of the refrigerant flowing through the internal heat exchanger when used as a condenser are the same.
  • the refrigerating machine oil does not stay in the heat exchanger.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a vending machine according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is sectional drawing of the vending machine shown in FIG. It is a side view of an internal heat exchanger. It is a refrigerant circuit figure concerning the example of the present invention. It is a block diagram of a control apparatus. It is a refrigerant circuit diagram which shows the flow of the refrigerant
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a vending machine according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the vending machine shown in FIG. 1
  • FIG. 3 is a side view of the internal heat exchanger.
  • FIG. 4 is a refrigerant circuit diagram according to the embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the control device.
  • FIG. 6 is a refrigerant circuit diagram showing a refrigerant flow in a cooling operation for cooling all three chambers
  • FIG. 7 is a refrigerant circuit diagram showing a refrigerant flow in a heat pump operation for cooling one chamber and heating two chambers. .
  • the vending machine includes a main body cabinet 10 formed as a rectangular heat insulator having an open front surface, an outer door 20 and an inner door 30 provided on the front surface, and an interior of the main body cabinet 10 up and down.
  • the bottom plate 11 is divided into two stages and the upper part is cooled by, for example, three independent product storage units 40a, 40b, and 40c divided by two heat insulating partition plates 40w, and the lower product storage units 40a, 40b, and 40c are cooled.
  • the outer door 20 is used to open and close the front opening of the main body cabinet 10 and is not shown in the figure.
  • Mechanisms necessary for selling products such as a product exhibition room to be displayed, a selection button for selecting a product to be sold, a money slot for inserting money, a product outlet 21 for taking out the dispensed product, etc. Is arranged.
  • the inner door 30 opens and closes the front surfaces of the product storage units 40a, 40b, and 40c to keep the products in the interior warm, and is a box-shaped structure that is divided into two upper and lower stages and has a heat insulator inside.
  • the upper inner door 30a is pivoted at one end to the outer door 20, and the other end is engaged with the outer door 20, and the upper inner door 30a is opened at the same time as the outer door 20 is opened to facilitate replenishment of goods. It is to make.
  • the lower inner door 30b is in a closed state when one end pivots on the main body cabinet 10 and the other end is hooked on the main body cabinet 10 with a latch (not shown) and the outer door 20 is opened. It is possible to prevent the cool air or warm air in the storage boxes 40a, 40b, 40c from flowing out, and to open as necessary during maintenance.
  • the product storage units 40a, 40b, and 40c are for storing products such as canned beverages and beverages containing plastic bottles at a desired temperature, and the capacity of the storage units is the product storage units 40a, 40c. , 40b in a large manner.
  • the product storage case 40a is exclusively used for cooling, and the product storage cases 40b and 40c are also used for cooling and heating.
  • the product storage racks 40a, 40b, and 40c store the products in a manner that they are arranged in the vertical direction, and are provided with a product storage rack R that includes a product delivery mechanism for discharging the products one by one in response to a sales signal.
  • There is a product carry-out chute 42 for carrying the discharged product S to the sales port 21 of the outer door through a carry-out door 31 installed in the inner door 30b.
  • the cooling / heating unit 60 includes a compressor 61, a condenser 62, expanders 63 and 79, an accumulator 69, an auxiliary heat exchanger 76 disposed in the machine room 50, and an internal heat exchange disposed in the commodity storage.
  • Units 65a, 65b, and 65c are connected by refrigerant piping across the bottom plate 11.
  • the cooling / heating unit 60 cools or heats the product S in the product storage rack R by circulating cold air or warm air in the cabinet according to the cooling / heating operation mode.
  • the cooling and heating compressor 61 is for compressing the refrigerant and circulating it in the refrigerant circuit, and is used at an evaporation temperature of about ⁇ 10 ° C. and a condensation temperature of about 40 ° C. during the cooling operation, and during the heating operation.
  • the evaporation temperature is about ⁇ 10 ° C. and the condensation temperature is about 60 ° C.
  • the condenser 62 is a fin tube type heat exchanger for discharging unnecessary condensation heat during the cooling operation.
  • a fan 62 f is installed at the rear of the condenser 62. The fan 62f sucks air from the front opening of the machine room 50, sucks heat of condensation by the condenser 62, absorbs exhaust heat of the compressor 61, and exhausts it to the back opening of the machine room 50. Is for.
  • the expander 63 decompresses the refrigerant passing during the cooling operation and adiabatically expands, and is configured by, for example, a capillary, a temperature expansion valve, an electronic expansion valve, or the like.
  • the internal heat exchanger 65a is for cooling the product storage 40a, and the internal heat exchangers 65b and 65c are for cooling or heating the product storage 40b and 40c. Each is installed at the bottom of the product storage.
  • the internal heat exchangers 65a, 65b, and 65c are surrounded by a wind tunnel 67 in each of the commodity storage units 40a, 40b, and 40c, a fan 65F is disposed behind them, and a duct 67d is connected to the rear thereof. It is installed.
  • the cooling and heating in the product storage are performed by sending air cooled or heated by the internal heat exchangers 65a, 65b and 65c to the product S in the product storage as shown by the arrow in FIG. It is performed by returning from the duct 67d and circulating.
  • the internal heat exchangers 65a, 65b, 65c are fin tube type heat exchangers as shown in FIG. 3, and are configured by heat transfer pipes 65P and heat radiation fins 65F.
  • the heat dissipating fins 65F are laminated at equal intervals in parallel with a paper surface in the drawing and are heat-transfer bonded to the wall surface of the heat transfer pipe 65P.
  • the heat transfer pipe 65P is formed in such a manner that a plurality of U-shaped pipes and U-bends are alternately connected to proceed sequentially downward from above as a single continuous pipe.
  • the internal heat exchangers 65a, 65b, and 65c shown in FIG. 3 have a plurality of U-shaped tubes arranged in a staggered manner, and some have pipes that point upward, but the refrigerating machine oil flows without stagnating. As a whole, piping is formed from top to bottom.
  • the internal heat exchanger 65a, 65b, 65c shown in FIG. 3 has arrange
  • the accumulator 69 is a sealed container for gas-liquid separation of the evaporated refrigerant flowing from the internal heat exchangers 65a, 65b, and 65c, storing the liquid refrigerant, and returning the gas refrigerant to the compressor 61.
  • the accumulator 69 is also a container for storing the refrigerant remaining in the refrigerant circulation of the circuit.
  • the auxiliary heat exchanger 76 is a fin tube type heat exchanger for discharging unnecessary condensation heat during heating operation.
  • the expander 79 depressurizes the refrigerant passing during the heating operation and adiabatically expands, and includes, for example, a capillary, a temperature expansion valve, an electronic expansion valve, and the like. Further, by connecting a heating outlet pipe 84 to be described later to the upstream side of the expander 63, the expander 79 can also be used as the expander 63.
  • the refrigerant circuit configuration of the cooling / heating unit 60 will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
  • the refrigerant circuit configuration includes a cooling circuit 60A that only cools the inside of the cabinet and a heating / cooling circuit 60B that simultaneously performs cooling and heating inside the cabinet (performs a heat pump operation).
  • the enclosure of the dotted line in the figure has shown typically goods storage 40a, 40b, 40c.
  • the cooling circuit 60A is connected to the flow divider 64 via the compressor 61, the condenser electromagnetic valve 68, the condenser 62, the check valve 71, and the expander 63.
  • the internal heat exchangers 65a, 65b, 65c are connected to the internal heat exchangers 65a, 65b, 65c via the valves 70a, 70b, 70c, and the internal heat exchanger 65b, 65c is connected to the internal heat exchanger 65a, 65c.
  • This is a circuit that collects pipes through the valves 72b and 72c in the collector 67 and then returns to the compressor 61 through the accumulator 69.
  • the outlet of the compressor 61 is connected to the condenser solenoid valve 68 in parallel via heating inlet solenoid valves 68b and 68c, and the inside inlet solenoid valve 70b.
  • 70c and the internal heat exchangers 65b and 65c are connected between the heating inlet pipes 81b and 81c, and the internal heat exchangers 65b and 65c and the internal outlet electromagnetic valves 72b and 72c.
  • the heating / cooling circulation circuit 60B is connected from the compressor 61 to the internal heat exchangers 65c, 65b via the heating inlet electromagnetic valves 68b, 68c, and from the internal heat exchangers 65c, 65b to the heating outlet electromagnetic valve 83b, 83c is connected to the distributor 64 via the auxiliary heat exchanger 76 and the expander 79, and is connected from the distributor 64 to the internal heat exchanger 65a via the internal heat inlet electromagnetic valve 70a.
  • This is a circuit that returns to the compressor 61 via the unit 67 and the accumulator 69.
  • a refrigerant used within a critical pressure for example, a fluorocarbon refrigerant, R134a is used.
  • a refrigerant used outside the critical pressure for example, a carbon dioxide refrigerant may be used.
  • the control means 90 controls the cooling or heating of the product storage boxes 40a, 40b, and 40c according to the cooling and heating operation mode.
  • the CPU has a CPU and a memory inside, and performs control such as opening and closing of the solenoid valve of the refrigerant circuit according to the cooling heating operation mode determined by the setting of the operation mode setting switch 91.
  • the operation mode indicates the cooling or heating operation of the product storages 40a, 40b, 40c by C, H, and in the order of 40a, 40b, 40c from the left side of the product storage, for example, when all are cooling. Is described as CCC mode, or HCC mode when only the left product storage 40a is heated.
  • control means 90 compares the temperatures detected by the internal temperature sensors Ta, Tb, and Tc with preset temperatures to stop the operation of the compressor 61, the condenser electromagnetic valve 68, the internal heat inlet electromagnetics.
  • Valves 70a, 70b, 70c, internal heat exchange outlet electromagnetic valves 70b, 70c, heating inlet electromagnetic valves 68b, 68c, heating outlet electromagnetic valves 83b, 83c, etc. are opened and closed to heat exchangers in the product storage boxes 40a, 40b, 40c. Thermo-cycle operation is performed to control the flowing cooling and maintain the internal temperature within the set temperature.
  • the control means 90 causes the condenser solenoid valve 68, the interior heat exchange inlet solenoid valves 70a, 70b, 70c, the interior heat exchange outlet solenoid.
  • the valves 72b and 72c are opened, and the heating inlet solenoid valves 68b and 68c and the heating outlet solenoid valves 83b and 83c are closed. As shown by the arrows in FIG.
  • the high-temperature refrigerant and refrigerating machine oil compressed by the compressor 61 are condensed by the condenser 62 to become a liquid, and expand by the expander 63 to become a low-temperature gas-liquid two-phase flow.
  • 64 flows into the three-way rear heat exchangers 65a, 65b, 65c.
  • the refrigerant that has flowed in evaporates in the internal heat exchangers 65a, 65b, and 65c, and cools the product storages 40a, 40b, and 40c.
  • the refrigerating machine oil that has flowed into the internal heat exchangers 65a, 65b, and 65c flows from above to below without stagnation, and is separated into gas and liquid by the accumulator 69 that collects together with the refrigerant in the collector 67 and stores the liquid refrigerant.
  • the controller 90 controls the internal temperature to an appropriate temperature by the thermocycle operation using the internal temperature sensors Ta, Tb, and Tc.
  • the control means 90 performs the heating inlet solenoid valve. 68b and 68c, heating outlet solenoid valves 83b and 83c, and the inside heat exchange solenoid valve 70a are opened, the condenser solenoid valve 68, the inside heat exchange solenoid valve 70b and 70c, the inside heat exchange solenoid valve 72b, 72c is closed. As shown by the arrows in FIG.
  • the high-temperature refrigerant and refrigeration oil compressed by the compressor 61 are diverted through the heating inlet electromagnetic valves 68b and 68c, and flow into the internal heat exchangers 65b and 65c.
  • the refrigerant that has flowed in is condensed, heats the product storage boxes 40b and 40c, gathers via the heating outlet electromagnetic valves 83b and 83c, further condenses in the auxiliary heat exchanger 76, and flows into the expander 79.
  • the refrigerating machine oil that has flowed into the internal heat exchangers 65b and 65c flows from the upper side to the lower side without staying in the heat exchangers, and gathers together with the refrigerant via the heating outlet electromagnetic valves 83b and 83c to perform auxiliary heat exchange. It flows into the inflator 79 via the device 76.
  • the refrigerant and the refrigerating machine oil that have flowed into the expander 79 flow into the internal heat exchanger 65a via the flow divider 64 and the internal heat exchange solenoid valve 70a.
  • the refrigerant that has flowed into the internal heat exchanger 65a evaporates in the internal heat exchanger 65a to cool the product storage 40a, and returns to the compressor 61 via the collector 67 and the accumulator 69 together with the refrigerating machine oil.
  • the inside of the cabinet is maintained at an appropriate temperature by the thermocycle operation as described above.
  • the refrigerant and the refrigeration oil flow in the same direction in the internal heat exchangers 65a, 65b, and 65c during the cooling operation and the heating operation, the refrigeration oil stays in the heat exchanger.
  • the high-temperature abnormality of the compressor is suppressed and the compressor can be operated with high reliability as a result of circulating through the refrigerant circuit.
  • the vending machine according to the present invention is suitable for cooling or heating products such as beverages in containers such as cans, bottles, packs, and PET bottles in a refrigerant circuit.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Control Of Vending Devices And Auxiliary Devices For Vending Devices (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)

Abstract

Provided is a vending machine wherein abnormally high temperature of a compressor is limited by circulating refrigerating machine oil through a refrigerant circuit without causing stagnation thereof in a heat exchanger, and the compressor can be operated with high reliability. A refrigerant circulation circuit is constituted of a compressor, a condenser solenoid valve, a condenser, an evaporator, a distributor, a solenoid valve at the inlet of compartment, a plurality of heat exchangers in compartment, a solenoid valve at the outlet of compartment, and a collector, and heating inlet piping which connects between the solenoid valve at the inlet of compartment and the heat exchanger in compartment through a heating inlet solenoid valve connected in parallel with the condenser solenoid valve from the compressor, and heating outlet piping which connects with the distributor through heating outlet piping and the evaporator from between the heat exchanger in compartment and the solenoid valve at the outlet of compartment are provided in the refrigerant circulation circuit so that refrigerant flows in the same direction through the heat exchanger in compartment during both cooling operation and heating operation, and stagnation of refrigerating machine oil in the heat exchanger in compartment is limited.

Description

自動販売機vending machine
　本発明は、缶、ビン、パック、ペットボトル等の容器に入れた飲料等の商品を冷媒回路にて冷却または加熱して販売に供する自動販売機に関する。 The present invention relates to a vending machine that sells a product such as a beverage, such as a can, a bottle, a pack, or a plastic bottle, which is cooled or heated in a refrigerant circuit for sale.
　近年の地球温暖化に対して二酸化炭素の排出量削減が課題となっており、自動販売機も省エネルギー型が開発されている。その１方式として従来は排熱していた凝縮器の熱を庫内の加熱に利用するヒートポンプ方式の自動販売機が注目されている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。
特開平７－１６０９３７号公報 Reducing carbon dioxide emissions has become a challenge with recent global warming, and energy-saving vending machines have been developed. As one of the methods, a heat pump type vending machine that uses the heat of the condenser, which has been exhausted in the past, to heat the inside of the cabinet has attracted attention (for example, see Patent Document 1).
JP-A-7-160937
　しかしながら、この自動販売機は、庫内側の熱交換器を冷却時には庫内熱交換器として使用し、加温時には凝縮器として使用し、自動販売機の冷却加熱の運転モードによって、電磁弁を切り替え、庫内側の熱交換器への冷媒の流し方を変更させている。したがって、熱交換器内で上方より下方に冷媒が流れる運転モードでは良いが、別の運転モードでは、熱交換器の下方から上方に冷媒が流れるので、冷媒と一緒に流れる比重の重い冷凍機油が熱交換器の下方に滞留する。その結果、圧縮機の潤滑が不十分となり圧縮機が焼き付き等の高温異常を起こす虞があるという問題があった。 However, this vending machine uses the internal heat exchanger as the internal heat exchanger during cooling, and as the condenser during heating, and switches the solenoid valve depending on the cooling heating operation mode of the vending machine. The flow of the refrigerant to the heat exchanger inside the warehouse is changed. Therefore, an operation mode in which the refrigerant flows from the upper side to the lower side in the heat exchanger is acceptable, but in another operation mode, the refrigerant flows from the lower side to the upper side of the heat exchanger. It stays below the heat exchanger. As a result, there has been a problem that the compressor is insufficiently lubricated and the compressor may cause a high temperature abnormality such as seizure.
　本発明は、上記実情に鑑みて、上記の課題を解決して、冷凍機油が熱交換器内に滞留することなく、冷媒回路を循環させることにより圧縮機の高温異常を抑制し、圧縮機の運転の信頼性を高めることのできる自動販売機を提供することを目的とする。 In view of the above circumstances, the present invention solves the above-described problems, suppresses high temperature abnormality of the compressor by circulating the refrigerant circuit without refrigeration oil staying in the heat exchanger, and An object is to provide a vending machine capable of enhancing the reliability of driving.
　上記の目的を達成するために、本発明の請求項１に係る自動販売機は、複数の冷却加熱兼用の商品収納庫を有し、冷却加熱の運転モードにより選択的に商品収納庫を冷却もしくは加熱する自動販売機であって、
　冷媒を圧縮する圧縮機と、庫外に設けられ、該圧縮機から凝縮器電磁弁を介して供給される冷媒を凝縮する凝縮器と、冷媒を膨張させる膨張器と、各商品収納庫内へ冷媒を分配する分配器と、それぞれ該分配器より庫内入口電磁弁を介して供給される冷媒により前記各商品収納庫内を冷却もしくは加熱する複数の庫内熱交換器と、該庫内熱交換器より庫内出口電磁弁を介して冷媒を集合させて前記圧縮機に戻す集合器とにより構成した冷媒循環回路を備え、前記庫内熱交換器を蒸発器および凝縮器として冷却加熱に兼用される自動販売機において、
　前記庫内熱交換器の配管を冷媒入口および冷媒出口が上部および下部に位置するよう定め、前記庫内熱交換器を蒸発器として使用したときの前記庫内熱交換器に流れる冷媒の流れ方向と、凝縮器として使用したときの前記庫内熱交換器に流れる冷媒の流れ方向が同一になるように配管を接続したことを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above object, the vending machine according to claim 1 of the present invention has a plurality of product storages for cooling and heating, and selectively cools the product storages according to the cooling and heating operation mode. A vending machine for heating,
A compressor that compresses the refrigerant, a condenser that is provided outside the refrigerator and that condenses the refrigerant supplied from the compressor via a condenser solenoid valve, an expander that expands the refrigerant, and each product storage A distributor that distributes the refrigerant, a plurality of internal heat exchangers that cool or heat each of the commodity storage boxes with the refrigerant that is supplied from each of the distributors via the internal inlet solenoid valve, and the internal heat It has a refrigerant circulation circuit composed of a condenser that collects the refrigerant from the exchanger via the inside outlet solenoid valve and returns it to the compressor, and uses the inside heat exchanger as an evaporator and a condenser for cooling and heating. Vending machines
The flow direction of the refrigerant flowing through the internal heat exchanger when the internal heat exchanger is used as an evaporator, with the refrigerant inlet and the refrigerant outlet positioned at the upper and lower portions of the piping of the internal heat exchanger And the piping is connected so that the flow direction of the refrigerant flowing through the internal heat exchanger when used as a condenser is the same.
　また、本発明の請求項２に係る自動販売機は、請求項１において、前記冷媒循環回路に付加して、前記圧縮機の冷媒出口を前記凝縮器電磁弁と並列接続された加熱入口電磁弁を介して前記庫内入口電磁弁と前記庫内熱交換器との間を結合する加熱入口配管と、前記庫内熱交換器と前記庫内出口電磁弁との間から加熱出口電磁弁および膨張器を介して前記分配器へ接続する加熱出口配管とを設けたことを特徴とする。 A vending machine according to a second aspect of the present invention is the heating inlet electromagnetic valve according to the first aspect, wherein the refrigerant outlet of the compressor is connected in parallel with the condenser electromagnetic valve in addition to the refrigerant circulation circuit. A heating inlet solenoid valve and expansion between the heating inlet pipe for connecting the inside inlet solenoid valve and the inside heat exchanger via the inside, and between the inside heat exchanger and the inside outlet solenoid valve And a heating outlet pipe connected to the distributor through a container.
　本発明に係る請求項１の自動販売機は、複数の冷却加熱兼用の商品収納庫を有し、冷却加熱の運転モードにより選択的に商品収納庫を冷却もしくは加熱する自動販売機であって、　冷媒を圧縮する圧縮機と、庫外に設けられ、該圧縮機から凝縮器電磁弁を介して供給される冷媒を凝縮する凝縮器と、冷媒を膨張させる膨張器と、各商品収納庫内へ冷媒を分配する分配器と、それぞれ該分配器より庫内入口電磁弁を介して供給される冷媒により前記各商品収納庫内を冷却もしくは加熱する複数の庫内熱交換器と、該庫内熱交換器より庫内出口電磁弁を介して冷媒を集合させて前記圧縮機に戻す集合器とにより構成した冷媒循環回路を備え、前記庫内熱交換器を蒸発器および凝縮器として冷却加熱に兼用される自動販売機において、
　前記庫内熱交換器を蒸発器として使用したときの前記庫内熱交換器に流れる冷媒の流れ方向と、凝縮器として使用したときの前記庫内熱交換器に流れる冷媒の流れ方向が同一になるように配管を接続したことにより、冷却運転においても、加熱運転においても前記庫内熱交換器内に同一方向に冷媒を流すことができるので、冷凍機油が熱交換器内に滞留することなく、冷媒回路を循環させることにより圧縮機の高温異常を抑制し、圧縮機の運転の信頼性を高めることができる。 The vending machine of claim 1 according to the present invention is a vending machine having a plurality of cooling and heating product storages, and selectively cooling or heating the product storages according to the cooling and heating operation mode. A compressor that compresses the refrigerant, a condenser that is provided outside the refrigerator and that condenses the refrigerant supplied from the compressor via a condenser solenoid valve, an expander that expands the refrigerant, and each product storage A distributor that distributes the refrigerant, a plurality of internal heat exchangers that cool or heat each of the commodity storage boxes with the refrigerant that is supplied from each of the distributors via the internal inlet solenoid valve, and the internal heat It has a refrigerant circulation circuit composed of a condenser that collects the refrigerant from the exchanger via the inside outlet solenoid valve and returns it to the compressor, and uses the inside heat exchanger as an evaporator and a condenser for cooling and heating. Vending machines
The flow direction of the refrigerant flowing through the internal heat exchanger when the internal heat exchanger is used as an evaporator and the flow direction of the refrigerant flowing through the internal heat exchanger when used as a condenser are the same. By connecting the piping so that the refrigerant can flow in the same direction in the internal heat exchanger in the cooling operation and the heating operation, the refrigerating machine oil does not stay in the heat exchanger. By circulating the refrigerant circuit, it is possible to suppress the high temperature abnormality of the compressor and improve the operation reliability of the compressor.
本発明の実施例に係る自動販売機を示す斜視図である。1 is a perspective view showing a vending machine according to an embodiment of the present invention. 図１に示した自動販売機の断面図である。It is sectional drawing of the vending machine shown in FIG. 庫内熱交換器の側面図である。It is a side view of an internal heat exchanger. 本発明の実施例に係る冷媒回路図である。It is a refrigerant circuit figure concerning the example of the present invention. 制御装置のブロック図である。It is a block diagram of a control apparatus. ３室を全て冷却する冷却単独運転における冷媒の流れを示す冷媒回路図である。It is a refrigerant circuit diagram which shows the flow of the refrigerant | coolant in the cooling single operation which cools all three chambers. １室を冷却し、２室を加熱するヒートポンプ運転における冷媒の流れを示す冷媒回路図である。It is a refrigerant circuit diagram which shows the flow of the refrigerant | coolant in the heat pump driving | operation which cools 1 chamber and heats 2 chambers.
符号の説明Explanation of symbols
　１０　　本体キャビネット
　２０　　外扉
　３０　　内扉
　４０ａ、４０ｂ、４０ｃ　　商品収納庫
　６０　　冷却／加熱ユニット
　６１　　圧縮機
　６２　　凝縮器
　６３、７９　　膨張器
　６４　　分流器
　６５ａ、６５ｂ、６５ｃ　　庫内熱交換器
　６８　　凝縮器電磁弁
　６８ａ、６８ｂ　　加熱入口電磁弁
　７０ａ、７０ｂ、７０ｃ　　庫内熱交入口電磁弁
　７２ｂ、７２ｃ　　庫内熱交出口電磁弁
　８１ｂ、８１ｃ　　加熱入口配管
　８３ｂ、８３ｃ　　加熱出口電磁弁
　８４　　加熱出口配管
　９０　　制御装置
　９１　　運転モード選択ＳＷ DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Main body cabinet 20 Outer door 30 Inner door 40a, 40b, 40c Product storage 60 Cooling / heating unit 61 Compressor 62 Condenser 63, 79 Inflator 64 Shunt 65a, 65b, 65c Intra-chamber heat exchanger 68 Condenser electromagnetic Valve 68a, 68b Heating inlet solenoid valve 70a, 70b, 70c Inside heat exchange inlet solenoid valve 72b, 72c Inside heat exchange outlet solenoid valve 81b, 81c Heating inlet piping 83b, 83c Heating outlet solenoid valve 84 Heating outlet piping 90 Controller 91 Operation mode selection SW
　以下に添付図面を参照して、本発明に係る自動販売機の好適な実施例を詳細に説明する。なお、この実施例によりこの発明が限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of a vending machine according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.
　まず、本発明の実施例に係る自動販売機について説明する。なお、図１は本発明の実施例に係る自動販売機を示す斜視図、図２は図１に示した自動販売機の断面図であり、図３は庫内熱交換器の側面図である。図４は本発明の実施例に係る冷媒回路図であり、図５は制御装置のブロック図を示す。図６は３室を全て冷却する冷却運転における冷媒の流れを示す冷媒回路図であり、図７は１室を冷却し、２室を加熱するヒートポンプ運転における冷媒の流れを示す冷媒回路図である。 First, a vending machine according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described. 1 is a perspective view showing a vending machine according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the vending machine shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a side view of the internal heat exchanger. . FIG. 4 is a refrigerant circuit diagram according to the embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the control device. FIG. 6 is a refrigerant circuit diagram showing a refrigerant flow in a cooling operation for cooling all three chambers, and FIG. 7 is a refrigerant circuit diagram showing a refrigerant flow in a heat pump operation for cooling one chamber and heating two chambers. .
　これらの図において、自動販売機は、前面が開口した直方状の断熱体として形成された本体キャビネット１０と、その前面に設けられた外扉２０および内扉３０と、本体キャビネット１０の内部を上下2段に底板１１にて区画形成し、上部を例えば２つの断熱仕切板４０ｗによって仕切られた３つの独立した商品収納庫４０ａ、４０ｂ、４０ｃと、下部に商品収納庫４０ａ、４０ｂ、４０ｃを冷却もしくは加熱する冷却／加熱ユニット６０を収納する機械室５０と、外扉２０の内側に配設され、商品収納庫４０ａ、４０ｂ、４０ｃ内の温度センサＴａ、Ｔｂ、Ｔｃにより自動販売機の冷却、加熱運転などを制御する制御手段９０とにより構成されている。 In these drawings, the vending machine includes a main body cabinet 10 formed as a rectangular heat insulator having an open front surface, an outer door 20 and an inner door 30 provided on the front surface, and an interior of the main body cabinet 10 up and down. The bottom plate 11 is divided into two stages and the upper part is cooled by, for example, three independent product storage units 40a, 40b, and 40c divided by two heat insulating partition plates 40w, and the lower product storage units 40a, 40b, and 40c are cooled. Alternatively, the machine room 50 for storing the cooling / heating unit 60 for heating and the cooling of the vending machine by the temperature sensors Ta, Tb, Tc disposed inside the outer door 20 and inside the product storages 40a, 40b, 40c, It is comprised by the control means 90 which controls a heating operation etc.
　より詳細に説明すると、外扉２０は、本体キャビネット１０の前面開口を開閉するためのものであり、図には明示していないが、この外扉２０の前面には、販売する商品の見本を展示する商品展示室、販売する商品を選択するための選択ボタン、貨幣を投入するための貨幣投入口、払い出された商品を取り出すための商品取出口２１等の商品の販売に必要となる機構が配置してある。 More specifically, the outer door 20 is used to open and close the front opening of the main body cabinet 10 and is not shown in the figure. Mechanisms necessary for selling products such as a product exhibition room to be displayed, a selection button for selecting a product to be sold, a money slot for inserting money, a product outlet 21 for taking out the dispensed product, etc. Is arranged.
　内扉３０は、商品収納庫４０ａ、４０ｂ、４０ｃの前面を開閉し、内部の商品を保温するものであり、上下２段に分割され内部に断熱体を有する箱型形状の構造体である。上側の内扉３０ａは、一端を外扉２０に枢軸し、他端を外扉２０に係着して、外扉２０の開放と同時に上側の内扉３０ａを開放させて、商品の補充を容易にするものである。下側の内扉３０ｂは、一端を本体キャビネット１０に枢軸し、他端を本体キャビネット１０に不図示の掛金にて掛着して、外扉２０を開放したときには、閉止した状態であり、商品収納庫４０ａ、４０ｂ、４０ｃ内の冷気もしくは暖気が流出することを防ぎ、メンテナンス時など必要に応じて開放できるものである。 The inner door 30 opens and closes the front surfaces of the product storage units 40a, 40b, and 40c to keep the products in the interior warm, and is a box-shaped structure that is divided into two upper and lower stages and has a heat insulator inside. The upper inner door 30a is pivoted at one end to the outer door 20, and the other end is engaged with the outer door 20, and the upper inner door 30a is opened at the same time as the outer door 20 is opened to facilitate replenishment of goods. It is to make. The lower inner door 30b is in a closed state when one end pivots on the main body cabinet 10 and the other end is hooked on the main body cabinet 10 with a latch (not shown) and the outer door 20 is opened. It is possible to prevent the cool air or warm air in the storage boxes 40a, 40b, 40c from flowing out, and to open as necessary during maintenance.
　商品収納庫４０ａ、４０ｂ、４０ｃは、缶入り飲料やペットボトル入り飲料等の商品を所望の温度に維持した状態で収容するためのものであり、その収納庫の容量は商品収納庫４０ａ、４０ｃ、４０ｂの順番に大きな態様で配分されている。本実施例は、商品収納庫４０ａを冷却専用とし、商品収納庫４０ｂ、４０ｃを冷却加熱兼用としている。その商品収納庫４０ａ、４０ｂ、４０ｃには、それぞれ、商品を上下方向に沿って並ぶ態様で収納し、販売信号により1個ずつ商品を排出するための商品搬出機構を備えた商品収納ラックＲ、排出された商品Ｓを内扉３０ｂに取設された搬出扉３１を介して外扉の販売口２１へ搬出する商品搬出シュート４２を有している。 The product storage units 40a, 40b, and 40c are for storing products such as canned beverages and beverages containing plastic bottles at a desired temperature, and the capacity of the storage units is the product storage units 40a, 40c. , 40b in a large manner. In this embodiment, the product storage case 40a is exclusively used for cooling, and the product storage cases 40b and 40c are also used for cooling and heating. The product storage racks 40a, 40b, and 40c store the products in a manner that they are arranged in the vertical direction, and are provided with a product storage rack R that includes a product delivery mechanism for discharging the products one by one in response to a sales signal. There is a product carry-out chute 42 for carrying the discharged product S to the sales port 21 of the outer door through a carry-out door 31 installed in the inner door 30b.
　冷却／加熱ユニット６０は、機械室５０内に配置した圧縮機６１、凝縮器６２、膨張器６３、７９、アキュムレータ６９、補助熱交換器７６と、商品収納庫内に配置された庫内熱交換器６５ａ、６５ｂ、６５ｃとを底板１１を跨いで冷媒配管で接続することにより構成されている。冷却／加熱ユニット６０は、冷却加熱の運転モードに応じて、庫内に冷風または温風を循環させて商品収納ラックＲ内の商品Ｓを冷却または加熱するものである。 The cooling / heating unit 60 includes a compressor 61, a condenser 62, expanders 63 and 79, an accumulator 69, an auxiliary heat exchanger 76 disposed in the machine room 50, and an internal heat exchange disposed in the commodity storage. Units 65a, 65b, and 65c are connected by refrigerant piping across the bottom plate 11. The cooling / heating unit 60 cools or heats the product S in the product storage rack R by circulating cold air or warm air in the cabinet according to the cooling / heating operation mode.
　冷却加熱用圧縮機６１は、冷媒を圧縮して冷媒循環回路内を循環させるためのもので、冷却運転時には、蒸発温度が約－１０℃、凝縮温度が約４０℃で使用され、加熱運転時には、蒸発温度が約－１０℃、凝縮温度が約６０℃で使用される。 The cooling and heating compressor 61 is for compressing the refrigerant and circulating it in the refrigerant circuit, and is used at an evaporation temperature of about −10 ° C. and a condensation temperature of about 40 ° C. during the cooling operation, and during the heating operation. The evaporation temperature is about −10 ° C. and the condensation temperature is about 60 ° C.
　凝縮器６２は、フィンチューブ型の熱交換器であり、冷却運転時に不要な凝縮熱を排出するためのものである。凝縮器６２の後部にはファン６２ｆが設置される。このファン６２ｆは、機械室５０の前面開口部より空気を吸入し、凝縮器６２による凝縮熱を吸入するとともに、圧縮機６１の排熱を吸収して、機械室５０の背面開口部へ排気するためのものである。 The condenser 62 is a fin tube type heat exchanger for discharging unnecessary condensation heat during the cooling operation. A fan 62 f is installed at the rear of the condenser 62. The fan 62f sucks air from the front opening of the machine room 50, sucks heat of condensation by the condenser 62, absorbs exhaust heat of the compressor 61, and exhausts it to the back opening of the machine room 50. Is for.
　膨張器６３は、冷却運転時に通過する冷媒を減圧して断熱膨張させるものであり、たとえばキャピラリ、温度膨張弁、電子膨張弁等により構成される。 The expander 63 decompresses the refrigerant passing during the cooling operation and adiabatically expands, and is configured by, for example, a capillary, a temperature expansion valve, an electronic expansion valve, or the like.
　庫内熱交換器６５ａは、商品収納庫４０ａを冷却するためのものであり、また、庫内熱交換器６５ｂ、６５ｃは、商品収納庫４０ｂ、４０ｃを冷却もしくは加熱するためのものであり、それぞれ商品収納庫の下部に設置されている。また、庫内熱交換器６５ａ、６５ｂ、６５ｃは、各商品収納庫４０ａ、４０ｂ、４０ｃ内で、風胴６７で囲繞され、その後方にファン６５Ｆが配置され、さらにその後方にダクト６７ｄが連設されている。商品収納庫内の冷却と加熱は、庫内熱交換器６５ａ、６５ｂ、６５ｃにより冷却もしくは加熱された空気をファン６５Ｆにより、図２中の矢印で示すように商品収納庫内の商品Ｓに送り、ダクト６７ｄから戻して循環させることより行われる。 The internal heat exchanger 65a is for cooling the product storage 40a, and the internal heat exchangers 65b and 65c are for cooling or heating the product storage 40b and 40c. Each is installed at the bottom of the product storage. The internal heat exchangers 65a, 65b, and 65c are surrounded by a wind tunnel 67 in each of the commodity storage units 40a, 40b, and 40c, a fan 65F is disposed behind them, and a duct 67d is connected to the rear thereof. It is installed. The cooling and heating in the product storage are performed by sending air cooled or heated by the internal heat exchangers 65a, 65b and 65c to the product S in the product storage as shown by the arrow in FIG. It is performed by returning from the duct 67d and circulating.
　また、庫内熱交換器６５ａ、６５ｂ、６５ｃは、図３に示すようなフィンチューブ型の熱交換器であり、伝熱配管６５Ｐと放熱フィン６５Ｆで構成されている。放熱フィン６５Ｆは、図中の紙面と平行に複数枚にて等間隔で積層され、伝熱配管６５Ｐの壁面と伝熱接合されている。伝熱配管６５Ｐは、複数のＵ字管とＵベンドを交互に接続して一本の連続管として上方から順次下方に進む態様で形成されている。図３で示す庫内熱交換器６５ａ、６５ｂ、６５ｃは、複数のＵ字管を千鳥状に配置して、一部は上方へ向う配管もあるが、冷凍機油が滞留せずに流れるように全体としては上から下へ配管が形成されている。 Moreover, the internal heat exchangers 65a, 65b, 65c are fin tube type heat exchangers as shown in FIG. 3, and are configured by heat transfer pipes 65P and heat radiation fins 65F. The heat dissipating fins 65F are laminated at equal intervals in parallel with a paper surface in the drawing and are heat-transfer bonded to the wall surface of the heat transfer pipe 65P. The heat transfer pipe 65P is formed in such a manner that a plurality of U-shaped pipes and U-bends are alternately connected to proceed sequentially downward from above as a single continuous pipe. The internal heat exchangers 65a, 65b, and 65c shown in FIG. 3 have a plurality of U-shaped tubes arranged in a staggered manner, and some have pipes that point upward, but the refrigerating machine oil flows without stagnating. As a whole, piping is formed from top to bottom.
　なお、図３で示す庫内熱交換器６５ａ、６５ｂ、６５ｃは、複数のＵ字管を千鳥状に配置しているが、格子状に配置しても良い。 In addition, although the internal heat exchanger 65a, 65b, 65c shown in FIG. 3 has arrange | positioned the several U-shaped pipe | tube in zigzag form, you may arrange | position in grid | lattice form.
　アキュムレータ６９は、庫内熱交換器６５ａ、６５ｂ、６５ｃから流入する蒸発された冷媒を気液分離して液体冷媒を貯留し、気体冷媒を圧縮機６１に戻すための密閉した容器である。また、アキュムレータ６９は、回路の冷媒循環に余った冷媒を貯留するための容器でもある。 The accumulator 69 is a sealed container for gas-liquid separation of the evaporated refrigerant flowing from the internal heat exchangers 65a, 65b, and 65c, storing the liquid refrigerant, and returning the gas refrigerant to the compressor 61. The accumulator 69 is also a container for storing the refrigerant remaining in the refrigerant circulation of the circuit.
　補助熱交換器７６は、フィンチューブ型の熱交換器であり、加熱運転時に不要な凝縮熱を排出するためのものである。 The auxiliary heat exchanger 76 is a fin tube type heat exchanger for discharging unnecessary condensation heat during heating operation.
　膨張器７９は、加熱運転時に通過する冷媒を減圧して断熱膨張させるものであり、たとえばキャピラリ、温度膨張弁、電子膨張弁等で構成される。また、後述する加熱出口配管８４を膨張器６３の上流側に接続することにより、膨張器７９を膨張器６３で兼用することができる。 The expander 79 depressurizes the refrigerant passing during the heating operation and adiabatically expands, and includes, for example, a capillary, a temperature expansion valve, an electronic expansion valve, and the like. Further, by connecting a heating outlet pipe 84 to be described later to the upstream side of the expander 63, the expander 79 can also be used as the expander 63.
　冷却／加熱ユニット６０の冷媒回路構成について図４を用いて詳述する。冷媒回路構成は、庫内を冷却のみを行う冷却循環回路６０Ａと庫内の冷却加熱を同時に行う（ヒートポンプ運転を行う）加熱冷却循環回路６０Ｂを有している。なお、図中の点線の囲いは、商品収納庫４０ａ、４０ｂ、４０ｃを模式的に示している。 The refrigerant circuit configuration of the cooling / heating unit 60 will be described in detail with reference to FIG. The refrigerant circuit configuration includes a cooling circuit 60A that only cools the inside of the cabinet and a heating / cooling circuit 60B that simultaneously performs cooling and heating inside the cabinet (performs a heat pump operation). In addition, the enclosure of the dotted line in the figure has shown typically goods storage 40a, 40b, 40c.
　冷却循環回路６０Ａは、圧縮機６１、凝縮器電磁弁６８、凝縮器６２、逆止弁７１、膨張器６３を経由して、分流器６４に接続し、分流器６４から庫内熱交入口電磁弁７０ａ、７０ｂ、７０ｃを介して庫内熱交換器６５ａ、６５ｂ、６５ｃに接続され、庫内熱交換器６５ａからの配管と、庫内熱交換器６５ｂ、６５ｃからの庫内熱交出口電磁弁７２ｂ、７２ｃを介した配管を集合器６７にて集合した後アキュムレータ６９を経由して圧縮機６１に戻る回路である。 The cooling circuit 60A is connected to the flow divider 64 via the compressor 61, the condenser electromagnetic valve 68, the condenser 62, the check valve 71, and the expander 63. The internal heat exchangers 65a, 65b, 65c are connected to the internal heat exchangers 65a, 65b, 65c via the valves 70a, 70b, 70c, and the internal heat exchanger 65b, 65c is connected to the internal heat exchanger 65a, 65c. This is a circuit that collects pipes through the valves 72b and 72c in the collector 67 and then returns to the compressor 61 through the accumulator 69.
　一方、加熱冷却循環回路６０Ｂには、冷却循環回路６０Ａに加えて、圧縮機６１の出口を凝縮器電磁弁６８と並列接続された加熱入口電磁弁６８ｂ、６８ｃを介して庫内入口電磁弁７０ｂ、７０ｃと庫内熱交換器６５ｂ、６５ｃとの間にそれぞれ結合する加熱入口配管８１ｂ、８１ｃと、庫内熱交換器６５ｂ、６５ｃと庫内出口電磁弁７２ｂ、７２ｃとの間に結合された出口配管８２ｂ、８２ｃおよびこの出口配管８２ｂ、８２ｃに加熱出口電磁弁８３ｂ、８３ｃを介して接続され、補助熱交換器７６、膨張器７９を経由して分配器６４へ接続する加熱出口配管８４とが設けられている。しかして、加熱冷却循環回路６０Ｂは、圧縮機６１から加熱入口電磁弁６８ｂ、６８ｃを介し庫内熱交換器６５ｃ、６５ｂに接続され、庫内熱交換器６５ｃ、６５ｂから加熱出口電磁弁８３ｂ、８３ｃを介して補助熱交換器７６、膨張器７９を経由して分配器６４に接続され、分配器６４から庫内熱交入口電磁弁７０ａを介して庫内熱交換器６５ａに接続され、集合器６７、アキュムレータ６９を経由して圧縮機６１に戻る回路である。 On the other hand, in the heating / cooling circulation circuit 60B, in addition to the cooling circulation circuit 60A, the outlet of the compressor 61 is connected to the condenser solenoid valve 68 in parallel via heating inlet solenoid valves 68b and 68c, and the inside inlet solenoid valve 70b. , 70c and the internal heat exchangers 65b and 65c, respectively, are connected between the heating inlet pipes 81b and 81c, and the internal heat exchangers 65b and 65c and the internal outlet electromagnetic valves 72b and 72c. An outlet pipe 82b, 82c and a heating outlet pipe 84 connected to the outlet pipes 82b, 82c via heating outlet solenoid valves 83b, 83c and connected to the distributor 64 via the auxiliary heat exchanger 76 and the expander 79; Is provided. Thus, the heating / cooling circulation circuit 60B is connected from the compressor 61 to the internal heat exchangers 65c, 65b via the heating inlet electromagnetic valves 68b, 68c, and from the internal heat exchangers 65c, 65b to the heating outlet electromagnetic valve 83b, 83c is connected to the distributor 64 via the auxiliary heat exchanger 76 and the expander 79, and is connected from the distributor 64 to the internal heat exchanger 65a via the internal heat inlet electromagnetic valve 70a. This is a circuit that returns to the compressor 61 via the unit 67 and the accumulator 69.
　冷媒は、臨界圧力内で使用する冷媒、例えばフロン冷媒でＲ１３４ａを使用している。また、臨界圧力外で使用する冷媒、例えば二酸化炭素冷媒でもよい。 As the refrigerant, a refrigerant used within a critical pressure, for example, a fluorocarbon refrigerant, R134a is used. Further, a refrigerant used outside the critical pressure, for example, a carbon dioxide refrigerant may be used.
　制御手段９０は、商品収納庫４０ａ、４０ｂ、４０ｃを冷却加熱の運転モードにより冷却もしくは加熱の制御をするものである。図５に示すように内部にＣＰＵ、メモリを有し、運転モード設定スイッチ９１の設定により決まる冷却加熱の運転モードに応じて冷媒回路の電磁弁開閉などの制御を行う。運転モードは、商品収納庫４０ａ、４０ｂ、４０ｃの冷却もしくは加熱の運転をＣ、Ｈで示すものであり、商品収納庫の左側から４０ａ、４０ｂ、４０ｃの順に、例えば、すべてが冷却の場合にはＣＣＣモード、左の商品収納庫４０ａのみが加熱の場合にはＨＣＣモードなどと記す。また、制御手段９０は、庫内温度センサＴａ、Ｔｂ、Ｔｃにより検知した温度と予め設定した温度とを比較して、圧縮機６１の運転停止、凝縮器電磁弁６８、庫内熱交入口電磁弁７０ａ、７０ｂ、７０ｃ、庫内熱交出口電磁弁７０ｂ、７０ｃ、加熱入口電磁弁６８ｂ、６８ｃ、加熱出口電磁弁８３ｂ、８３ｃなど開閉により商品収納庫４０ａ、４０ｂ、４０ｃ内の熱交換器に流れる冷却を制御して庫内温度を設定温度内に維持するサーモサイクル運転を行う。 The control means 90 controls the cooling or heating of the product storage boxes 40a, 40b, and 40c according to the cooling and heating operation mode. As shown in FIG. 5, the CPU has a CPU and a memory inside, and performs control such as opening and closing of the solenoid valve of the refrigerant circuit according to the cooling heating operation mode determined by the setting of the operation mode setting switch 91. The operation mode indicates the cooling or heating operation of the product storages 40a, 40b, 40c by C, H, and in the order of 40a, 40b, 40c from the left side of the product storage, for example, when all are cooling. Is described as CCC mode, or HCC mode when only the left product storage 40a is heated. Further, the control means 90 compares the temperatures detected by the internal temperature sensors Ta, Tb, and Tc with preset temperatures to stop the operation of the compressor 61, the condenser electromagnetic valve 68, the internal heat inlet electromagnetics. Valves 70a, 70b, 70c, internal heat exchange outlet electromagnetic valves 70b, 70c, heating inlet electromagnetic valves 68b, 68c, heating outlet electromagnetic valves 83b, 83c, etc. are opened and closed to heat exchangers in the product storage boxes 40a, 40b, 40c. Thermo-cycle operation is performed to control the flowing cooling and maintain the internal temperature within the set temperature.
　かかる構成で運転モード設定スイッチ９１の操作により運転モードをＣＣＣモードに設定すると、制御手段９０は、凝縮器電磁弁６８、庫内熱交入口電磁弁７０ａ、７０ｂ、７０ｃ、庫内熱交出口電磁弁７２ｂ、７２ｃを開成し、加熱入口電磁弁６８ｂ、６８ｃ、加熱出口電磁弁８３ｂ、８３ｃを閉止する。図６に矢印で示すように圧縮機６１で圧縮された高温冷媒および冷凍機油は、凝縮器６２にて凝縮され液体となり、膨張器６３で膨張して低温の気液二相流となり、分配器６４で三方に分配された後庫内熱交換器６５ａ、６５ｂ、６５ｃに流入する。流入した冷媒は、庫内熱交換器６５ａ、６５ｂ、６５ｃで蒸発し、商品収納庫４０ａ、４０ｂ、４０ｃを冷却する。一方、庫内熱交換器６５ａ、６５ｂ、６５ｃに流入した冷凍機油は、滞留することなく上方から下方に流れ、冷媒とともに集合器６７で集合して液冷媒を貯留するアキュムレータ６９により気液分離されて圧縮機６１に戻る。なお、この冷却運転においては、制御装置９０にて庫内温度センサＴａ、Ｔｂ、Ｔｃによるサーモサイクル運転により庫内温度が適温に制御される。 When the operation mode is set to the CCC mode by operating the operation mode setting switch 91 with such a configuration, the control means 90 causes the condenser solenoid valve 68, the interior heat exchange inlet solenoid valves 70a, 70b, 70c, the interior heat exchange outlet solenoid. The valves 72b and 72c are opened, and the heating inlet solenoid valves 68b and 68c and the heating outlet solenoid valves 83b and 83c are closed. As shown by the arrows in FIG. 6, the high-temperature refrigerant and refrigerating machine oil compressed by the compressor 61 are condensed by the condenser 62 to become a liquid, and expand by the expander 63 to become a low-temperature gas-liquid two-phase flow. 64 flows into the three-way rear heat exchangers 65a, 65b, 65c. The refrigerant that has flowed in evaporates in the internal heat exchangers 65a, 65b, and 65c, and cools the product storages 40a, 40b, and 40c. On the other hand, the refrigerating machine oil that has flowed into the internal heat exchangers 65a, 65b, and 65c flows from above to below without stagnation, and is separated into gas and liquid by the accumulator 69 that collects together with the refrigerant in the collector 67 and stores the liquid refrigerant. Return to the compressor 61. In this cooling operation, the controller 90 controls the internal temperature to an appropriate temperature by the thermocycle operation using the internal temperature sensors Ta, Tb, and Tc.
　次に、運転モード設定スイッチ９１の操作により運転モードを左側の1室４０ａを冷却し、中、右側の２室４０ｂ、４０ｃを加熱するＣＨＨモードに設定すると、制御手段９０は、加熱入口電磁弁６８ｂ、６８ｃ、加熱出口電磁弁８３ｂ、８３ｃ、庫内熱交入口電磁弁７０ａを開成し、凝縮器電磁弁６８、庫内熱交入口電磁弁７０ｂ、７０ｃ、庫内熱交出口電磁弁７２ｂ、７２ｃを閉止する。図７に矢印で示すように圧縮機６１で圧縮された高温冷媒および冷凍機油は、加熱入口電磁弁６８ｂ、６８ｃを介して分流し、庫内熱交換器６５ｂ、６５ｃに流入する。流入した冷媒は凝縮され、商品収納庫４０ｂ、４０ｃを加熱し、加熱出口電磁弁８３ｂ、８３ｃを介して集合し、補助熱交換器７６でさらに凝縮して膨張器７９に流入する。一方、庫内熱交換器６５ｂ、６５ｃに流入した冷凍機油は、熱交換器内で滞留することなく上方から下方に流れ、冷媒とともに加熱出口電磁弁８３ｂ、８３ｃを介して集合して補助熱交換器７６を経由して膨張器７９に流入する。膨張器７９に流入した冷媒および冷凍機油は、分流器６４、庫内熱交入口電磁弁７０ａを経由して庫内熱交換器６５ａに流入する。庫内熱交換器６５ａに流入した冷媒は、庫内熱交換器６５ａで蒸発して商品収納庫４０ａを冷却し、冷凍機油とともに集合器６７、アキュムレータ６９を経由して圧縮機６１に戻る。このヒートポンプ運転も前述のようにサーモサイクル運転で庫内が適温に維持される。 Next, when the operation mode setting switch 91 is operated to set the operation mode to a CHH mode in which the left one chamber 40a is cooled and the middle and right two chambers 40b and 40c are heated, the control means 90 performs the heating inlet solenoid valve. 68b and 68c, heating outlet solenoid valves 83b and 83c, and the inside heat exchange solenoid valve 70a are opened, the condenser solenoid valve 68, the inside heat exchange solenoid valve 70b and 70c, the inside heat exchange solenoid valve 72b, 72c is closed. As shown by the arrows in FIG. 7, the high-temperature refrigerant and refrigeration oil compressed by the compressor 61 are diverted through the heating inlet electromagnetic valves 68b and 68c, and flow into the internal heat exchangers 65b and 65c. The refrigerant that has flowed in is condensed, heats the product storage boxes 40b and 40c, gathers via the heating outlet electromagnetic valves 83b and 83c, further condenses in the auxiliary heat exchanger 76, and flows into the expander 79. On the other hand, the refrigerating machine oil that has flowed into the internal heat exchangers 65b and 65c flows from the upper side to the lower side without staying in the heat exchangers, and gathers together with the refrigerant via the heating outlet electromagnetic valves 83b and 83c to perform auxiliary heat exchange. It flows into the inflator 79 via the device 76. The refrigerant and the refrigerating machine oil that have flowed into the expander 79 flow into the internal heat exchanger 65a via the flow divider 64 and the internal heat exchange solenoid valve 70a. The refrigerant that has flowed into the internal heat exchanger 65a evaporates in the internal heat exchanger 65a to cool the product storage 40a, and returns to the compressor 61 via the collector 67 and the accumulator 69 together with the refrigerating machine oil. In this heat pump operation, the inside of the cabinet is maintained at an appropriate temperature by the thermocycle operation as described above.
　以上のように、冷却運転時においても、加熱運転時においても、庫内熱交換器６５ａ、６５ｂ、６５ｃ内に同一方向の冷媒および冷凍機油が流れるので、冷凍機油が熱交換器内に滞留することなく、冷媒回路を循環する結果、圧縮機の高温異常を抑制し、信頼性の高い圧縮機の運転ができる。 As described above, since the refrigerant and the refrigeration oil flow in the same direction in the internal heat exchangers 65a, 65b, and 65c during the cooling operation and the heating operation, the refrigeration oil stays in the heat exchanger. As a result, the high-temperature abnormality of the compressor is suppressed and the compressor can be operated with high reliability as a result of circulating through the refrigerant circuit.
　以上のように、本発明に係る自動販売機は、缶、ビン、パック、ペットボトル等の容器に入れた飲料等の商品を冷媒回路にて冷却または加熱するのに適している。 As described above, the vending machine according to the present invention is suitable for cooling or heating products such as beverages in containers such as cans, bottles, packs, and PET bottles in a refrigerant circuit.

Claims (2)

  1. 　複数の冷却加熱兼用の商品収納庫を有し、冷却加熱の運転モードにより選択的に商品収納庫を冷却もしくは加熱する自動販売機であって、
    　冷媒を圧縮する圧縮機と、庫外に設けられ、該圧縮機から凝縮器電磁弁を介して供給される冷媒を凝縮する凝縮器と、冷媒を膨張させる膨張器と、各商品収納庫内へ冷媒を分配する分配器と、それぞれ該分配器より庫内入口電磁弁を介して供給される冷媒により前記各商品収納庫内を冷却もしくは加熱する複数の庫内熱交換器と、該庫内熱交換器より庫内出口電磁弁を介して冷媒を集合させて前記圧縮機に戻す集合器とにより構成した冷媒循環回路を備え、前記庫内熱交換器を蒸発器および凝縮器として冷却加熱に兼用される自動販売機において、
    　前記庫内熱交換器の配管を冷媒入口および冷媒出口が上部および下部に位置するよう定め、前記庫内熱交換器を蒸発器として使用したときの前記庫内熱交換器に流れる冷媒の流れ方向と、凝縮器として使用したときの前記庫内熱交換器に流れる冷媒の流れ方向が同一になるように配管を接続したことを特徴とする自動販売機。     A vending machine having a plurality of product storages for cooling and heating, and selectively cooling or heating the product storages according to an operation mode of cooling and heating,
    A compressor that compresses the refrigerant, a condenser that is provided outside the refrigerator and that condenses the refrigerant supplied from the compressor via a condenser solenoid valve, an expander that expands the refrigerant, and each product storage A distributor that distributes the refrigerant, a plurality of internal heat exchangers that cool or heat each of the commodity storage boxes with the refrigerant that is supplied from each of the distributors via the internal inlet solenoid valve, and the internal heat It has a refrigerant circulation circuit composed of a condenser that collects the refrigerant from the exchanger via the inside outlet solenoid valve and returns it to the compressor, and uses the inside heat exchanger as an evaporator and a condenser for cooling and heating. Vending machines
    The flow direction of the refrigerant flowing through the internal heat exchanger when the internal heat exchanger is used as an evaporator, with the refrigerant inlet and the refrigerant outlet positioned at the upper and lower portions of the piping of the internal heat exchanger And a vending machine in which piping is connected so that the flow direction of the refrigerant flowing through the internal heat exchanger when used as a condenser is the same.
  2. 　前記冷媒循環回路に付加して、前記圧縮機の冷媒出口を前記凝縮器電磁弁と並列接続された加熱入口電磁弁を介して前記庫内入口電磁弁と前記庫内熱交換器との間を結合する加熱入口配管と、前記庫内熱交換器と前記庫内出口電磁弁との間から加熱出口電磁弁および膨張器を介して前記分配器へ接続する加熱出口配管とを設けたことを特徴とする請求項１記載の自動販売機。 In addition to the refrigerant circulation circuit, the refrigerant outlet of the compressor is connected between the internal inlet electromagnetic valve and the internal heat exchanger via a heating inlet electromagnetic valve connected in parallel with the condenser electromagnetic valve. A heating inlet pipe to be coupled, and a heating outlet pipe connected to the distributor via a heating outlet solenoid valve and an expander from between the inside heat exchanger and the inside outlet solenoid valve are provided. The vending machine according to claim 1.
PCT/JP2009/052471 2008-09-24 2009-02-16 Vending machine WO2010035512A1 (en)

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